Power engineering design multi-specialty collaborative BIM model lightweight fusion display method

Abstract

The application discloses a power engineering design multi-specialty collaborative BIM model lightweight fusion display method and belongs to the technical field of BIM models.The power engineering design multi-specialty collaborative BIM model lightweight fusion display method comprises the following steps: obtaining and classifying a multi-specialty original BIM model; analyzing and splitting and extracting multi-dimensional model data; performing differential grading lightweight processing; fusing the multi-specialty original BIM model according to semantics; performing incremental dynamic iterative updating; performing hierarchical grading multi-dimensional fusion display; and performing multi-terminal synchronous collaborative display and permission management and control.The application solves the problem of weak heterogeneous model fusion capability in the prior art, matches a differential lightweight algorithm according to a component grade, is matched with a semantic association database, takes into account model precision and lightweight, improves multi-terminal rendering speed, simultaneously adopts an incremental updating mechanism to reduce computing power consumption, is supplemented by a multi-dimensional display system, supports remote collaboration, and improves design auditing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of BIM model technology, specifically a lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design. Background Technology

[0002] Power engineering design is a typical multi-disciplinary cross-coupling project, covering multiple disciplines such as primary electrical engineering, secondary electrical engineering, civil engineering structure, building decoration, HVAC, water supply and drainage, cable trays, fire protection and security. Each discipline needs to carry out modeling, design verification, scheme optimization, collision detection and other work simultaneously. Efficient collaboration among multiple disciplines is the key to ensuring the quality of power engineering design, shortening the design cycle and reducing the construction rework rate.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN114266093A discloses a method for achieving lightweighting of standardized BIM models, including the following steps: dividing the drawings into blocks; importing the drawings using Revit and including project templates; moving the processed drawings to the original coordinate position of the project; and establishing elevations according to the drawing requirements. This invention, through model information classification and lightweighting, pre-separates the information data of the BIM model file into digital-model separation, dividing it into processable 3D geometric data and inprocessable non-3D geometric data. The processable 3D geometric data undergoes further lightweighting processing, mainly including geometric transformation and rendering.

[0004] In practical use, the aforementioned patents suffer from limitations such as rigid lightweight processing modes, insufficient ability to integrate heterogeneous models from multiple disciplines, and a severe imbalance between model accuracy and efficiency due to the unification and simplification algorithms. They are unable to adapt to the fusion processing of cross-disciplinary models with multiple formats and accuracies, and the problems of core component accuracy loss and redundant auxiliary components are prominent. Therefore, they do not meet the existing needs. In response, we propose a lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design. It matches differentiated lightweight algorithms according to component level, combines them with a semantic association database, balances model accuracy and lightweight design, improves multi-terminal rendering speed, and adopts an incremental update mechanism to reduce computing power consumption. It is also supplemented by a multi-dimensional display system to support remote collaboration, improve design review efficiency, and solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design, comprising: S1: Obtain the original BIM model of multiple disciplines in power engineering design and preprocess it, divide all BIM component levels, and bind a unique accuracy identifier and attribute label to each level of component; S2: Perform full-dimensional data analysis on the graded multi-disciplinary original BIM model, and extract geometric data, semantic attribute data, professional association data and spatial topology data. S3: Match the corresponding lightweight processing algorithm and simplified parameters for the three levels of BIM components to complete the differentiated lightweight compression processing; S4: Build a semantic association mapping database of multi-disciplinary original BIM models, set component association rules according to specifications, correct the deviation of multi-disciplinary original BIM models, and generate an initial multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight fusion model. S5: Monitor changes to the original BIM model of multiple disciplines, classify and lightweight the changed content, incrementally replace and update the initial multi-discipline collaborative lightweight fusion model, retain the original data and relationships, and generate the fused multi-discipline collaborative lightweight BIM model. S6: Based on the integrated multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight BIM model, a multi-level display system is constructed. According to the needs of different scenarios, the display accuracy, display scope and display style of the multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight BIM model are adaptively adjusted. S7: Synchronize the final iteration of the multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight BIM model to the display terminal, and at the same time build a multi-user collaborative display permission control system to complete the multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight integrated display.

[0007] Preferably, the acquisition and preprocessing of the original BIM model for multi-disciplinary power engineering design includes: Acquire the original BIM models of multiple disciplines in power engineering design, and convert the original BIM models of multiple disciplines into a unified intermediate format that is compatible with lightweight integration, while retaining the model topology and core design parameters. Using the power engineering general layout design reference coordinate system as the sole reference, the local coordinate systems of the original BIM models of multiple disciplines are translated, rotated, and calibrated to achieve precise spatial alignment of the models of all disciplines. Iterate through the original BIM model component data from multiple disciplines, remove empty components, redundant and duplicate components, temporary auxiliary components, and delete invalid data such as invalid textures, redundant annotations, and expired parameters; In accordance with the design requirements for power engineering, the geometric, parameter, and texture accuracy benchmarks of the original BIM models from multiple disciplines are unified.

[0008] Preferably, the BIM component grading standard is as follows: Components that directly affect the operational safety, construction accuracy, and electrical performance of power engineering are defined as core high-precision components; Components that perform routine connection, auxiliary power distribution, and standardized layout functions are defined as routine standard-level components. Components that only serve a decorative, auxiliary, or site-regulating purpose and do not affect the core performance or construction precision of the project are defined as auxiliary simple-level components. The grading results of components at each level are synchronously entered into the semantic association mapping database.

[0009] Preferably, the specific process of differentiated lightweighting in S3 includes: For core high-precision components, an adaptive curvature-preserving patch algorithm is adopted to dynamically adjust the patch density according to the surface curvature, differentiate and simplify regional differences, and preserve attributes, parameters and topology data throughout the process; For standard components, an edge weighted mesh simplification algorithm is used to preserve the outline, interface and core attributes, and clean up redundant patches and meshes. For auxiliary simplified level components, a topology-preserving batch compression algorithm is adopted to maintain the overall shape, simplify the internal structure, and compress the texture.

[0010] Preferably, the specific process of differentiated lightweighting for core high-precision components includes: Collect overall surface curvature data of core high-precision components, and identify and divide the high curvature region and low curvature region of the components; The model's surface retention density is dynamically and adaptively adjusted based on the curvature of the region. High-density surface retention rules are configured for high-curvature critical precision regions, while low-density surface merging rules are configured for low-curvature flat regions. Based on the adapted patch density rules, redundant patches in low-curvature flat areas are appropriately merged. Throughout the process, the deletion or modification of semantic attribute data, equipment parameter data, and spatial topology relationships of components are prohibited.

[0011] Preferably, the specific process of differentiated lightweighting for conventional standard-level components includes: using a mesh simplification algorithm based on edge weights, prioritizing the retention of key contour dimensions and connection interface structures of the components, merging small redundant patches, removing duplicate mesh cells, retaining all core business attribute data, and deleting unnecessary modeling auxiliary redundant data.

[0012] Preferably, the semantic association and fusion of multi-disciplinary original BIM models in S4 specifically includes: The original BIM models from multiple disciplines are unified into the global coordinate system of power engineering, eliminating coordinate and scale deviations caused by software and standards. Based on the professional rules of the semantic association database, we build cross-professional component associations and bind docking parameters, matching standards and spatial constraints; Detects component overlap, spacing, and interface issues after merging original BIM models from multiple disciplines, and automatically adjusts and corrects errors according to design specifications; The processed multi-disciplinary original BIM model is encapsulated as a whole, and accuracy tags, semantic attributes and relationships are attached to generate a structured multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight fusion model.

[0013] Preferably, the method for constructing the semantic association mapping database includes: Acquire BIM design specifications, cross-disciplinary standards, and equipment matching parameters for power engineering projects in the power industry, and build a standardized association rule library; Enter the coding system, attribute parameters, and interface parameters of each professional standard component, and establish a one-to-one correspondence mapping relationship between cross-professional components; The lightweighting parameters and accuracy retention thresholds of components at each level are stored synchronously to achieve standardized and automated execution of graded lightweighting, correlation fusion, and error correction.

[0014] Preferably, the incremental dynamic iterative update in S5 is implemented as follows: Real-time monitoring of saving, modifying, adding, and deleting operations of original BIM models from multiple disciplines, accurately capturing model change instructions and change data; By comparing the model hash values, component codes, and coordinate data before and after modification, the local changed areas, changed components, and attribute modifications can be accurately located, and the geometric structure changes and semantic attribute changes can be distinguished. Only modified components and regions are subjected to differentiated lightweighting processing at the corresponding level; unmodified components directly reuse the original lightweighting data and fusion relationships. The modified components, after incremental lightweighting, are precisely replaced in the initial multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight fusion model, and the corresponding semantic relationships and spatial topology data are updated synchronously.

[0015] Preferably, the specific process of multi-terminal synchronous collaborative display in S7 is as follows: The completed collaborative lightweight BIM model is encapsulated in a streaming rendering to generate a lightweight display data package that is compatible with multiple terminals. Real-time data synchronization across multiple terminals is achieved through a cloud-based data synchronization channel, enabling collaborative and lightweight BIM model viewing, annotation, marking, and perspective adjustment operations on any terminal; At the same time, a terminal adaptive rendering mechanism is set up to automatically adjust the rendering accuracy and loading speed according to the performance of the terminal device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention establishes a hierarchical classification standard for multi-disciplinary original BIM models in power engineering, dividing each professional model into three levels: core high-precision components, conventional standard components, and auxiliary simplified components. It matches differentiated lightweight compression algorithms and simplification parameters, employing a low simplification rate and semantic-priority preservation strategy for core equipment models of substations and transmission lines, fully retaining key design data such as equipment geometric parameters, interface relationships, coding attributes, and electrical parameters. For auxiliary components, a high simplification rate compression is used to maximize the reduction of model data volume. Simultaneously, a semantic association mapping database for multi-disciplinary original BIM models is built, enabling accurate matching and data interconnection of components after the fusion of lightweight models from various disciplines. This ensures the high-precision requirements of core power engineering design, collision detection, and spatial verification while achieving extreme model lightweighting, significantly improving loading and rendering speed across multiple terminals including web, mobile, and desktop.

[0017] 2. This invention, through an incremental model update identification and lightweight iteration mechanism, can accurately identify local modification areas, added components, and deleted content in various professional models. It only performs lightweight reprocessing and fusion updates on the changed areas, eliminating the need for repeated calculations on the overall model, significantly reducing computational resource consumption and shortening model update time. Simultaneously, it constructs a multi-dimensional fusion display system that is hierarchical, graded, and professional, supporting free filtering of display content by profession, accuracy level, component importance, and design stage. This achieves differentiated visualization effects, highlighting core key areas, simplifying conventional structures, and hiding auxiliary structures, facilitating designers to quickly locate design defects and collision issues. It also enables remote collaborative viewing, annotation, modification, and synchronous updates by multiple professionals, significantly improving the overall efficiency of multi-professional collaborative design, review, and disclosure in power engineering, meeting the engineering application needs of priority review and rapid implementation in power engineering. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the semantic association and fusion of the multi-disciplinary original BIM models of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To address the issues of weak heterogeneous model fusion capabilities in existing technologies, the imbalance between accuracy and efficiency caused by unified algorithms, and the problems of accuracy loss and redundant components, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figure 1-2 This embodiment provides the following technical solution: A lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design, including: S1. Acquisition and Classification of Multi-Disciplinary Original BIM Models: Acquire and preprocess multi-disciplinary original BIM models for power engineering design. The multi-disciplinary original BIM models include design models for substation, transmission, distribution, civil engineering, electrical engineering, HVAC, and water supply and drainage. Based on the preset power engineering BIM component accuracy grading standard, and combined with the functional attributes, safety level, and design weight of each component, all BIM components are divided into three levels: core high-precision level, conventional standard level, and auxiliary simple level. A unique accuracy identifier and attribute label are bound to each level of component. S2. Multi-dimensional model data analysis and extraction: Perform full-dimensional data analysis on the BIM model after each professional classification, extracting geometric data, semantic attribute data, professional association data, and spatial topology data. Geometric data includes component dimensions, patch structure, coordinate position, and interface shape; semantic attribute data includes equipment codes, electrical parameters, material properties, and design parameters; professional association data includes cross-professional component matching relationships and interface docking standards; and spatial topology data includes component spacing, spatial hierarchy, and arrangement relationships. S3. Differentiated and Tiered Lightweight Processing: For BIM components at three levels, corresponding lightweight processing algorithms and simplification parameters are matched to complete differentiated lightweight compression processing. Specifically, for core high-precision level components, an adaptive low-simplification-rate patch optimization algorithm is used to retain all semantic attribute data and complete spatial topology relationships, removing only redundant and duplicate patches and invalid empty data. For conventional standard level components, a medium-simplification-rate mesh simplification algorithm is used to retain core semantic data and key spatial relationships, appropriately simplifying repetitive geometric structures. For auxiliary simple level components, a high-simplification-rate topology compression algorithm is used to maximize the compression of data volume without changing the overall layout. S4. Semantic association and fusion of original BIM models of multiple disciplines: Build a semantic association mapping database of original BIM models of multiple disciplines in power engineering. Based on the design specifications of power engineering, preset cross-discipline component association rules, match the lightweight model components of each discipline, correct the coordinate deviation and size matching error of the original BIM models of multiple disciplines, realize the seamless integration of lightweight models of multiple disciplines, and generate an initial multi-discipline collaborative lightweight fusion model. S5. Incremental Dynamic Iterative Update: Real-time monitoring of design modification behavior of multi-disciplinary original BIM models, accurate identification of model change areas, added components, deleted components and attribute modification content, separate hierarchical lightweight processing of change content, incremental replacement of updated lightweight components with the initial multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight fusion model, completion of dynamic iterative update of the model, preservation of the original model data and fusion relationship of unchanged areas, and obtaining the fused multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight BIM model; S6. Layered and multi-dimensional integrated display: Based on the integrated multi-professional collaborative lightweight BIM model, a multi-level display system is constructed according to profession, precision, region, and stage. According to the different scenario requirements of design display, review and verification, and result disclosure, the model display precision, display scope and display style are adaptively adjusted to achieve differentiated visualization display. S7. Multi-terminal synchronous collaborative display and access control: The final iteratively completed multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight BIM model is synchronized to web, mobile, and desktop display terminals. A multi-user collaborative display access control system is established. Based on the job permissions of designers, reviewers, and construction briefing personnel, different model display ranges, operation permissions, and data viewing permissions are matched to complete the multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight integrated display.

[0021] Standardized preprocessing of multidisciplinary original BIM models, including: The original BIM models from multiple disciplines are uniformly converted into a universal intermediate format that is adapted for lightweight integration, while retaining the model topology and core design parameters. Using the power engineering general layout design reference coordinate system as the sole reference, the local coordinate systems of the original BIM models of multiple disciplines are translated, rotated, and calibrated to achieve precise spatial alignment of the models of all disciplines. Iterate through the original BIM model component data from multiple disciplines, remove empty components, redundant and duplicate components, temporary auxiliary components, and delete invalid data such as invalid textures, redundant annotations, and expired parameters; In accordance with the design requirements for power engineering, the geometric, parameter, and texture accuracy benchmarks of the original BIM models from multiple disciplines are unified to avoid model fusion distortion caused by differences in accuracy.

[0022] The accuracy grading standard for BIM components in power engineering described in S1 has the following specific grading rules: Components that directly affect the operational safety, construction accuracy, and electrical performance of power engineering are defined as core high-precision components, including core equipment and load-bearing structural components such as high-voltage transformers, circuit breakers, disconnect switches, cable trays, high-voltage busbars, and the main structure of transmission towers, with an accuracy retention threshold set at 98%-100%. Components that perform routine connections, auxiliary power distribution, and standardized layout functions are defined as routine standard-level components, including routine distribution boxes, standardized pipelines, connection brackets, and main enclosure structures, with an accuracy retention threshold set at 85%-97%. Components that serve only a decorative, auxiliary, or site-regulating purpose and do not affect the core performance or construction precision of the project are defined as auxiliary simple-level components. These include components such as site greening, temporary fencing, simple protective structures, and auxiliary layers for ground paving. The precision retention threshold is set at 70%-84%. The grading results of components at each level are synchronously entered into the semantic association mapping database and stored in conjunction with the component's professional attributes and design parameters, providing data support for subsequent lightweight processing and fusion matching.

[0023] Methods for constructing semantic association mapping databases include: Acquire BIM design specifications, cross-disciplinary standards, and equipment matching parameters for power engineering projects in the power industry, and build a standardized association rule library; Enter the coding system, attribute parameters, and interface parameters of each professional standard component, and establish a one-to-one correspondence mapping relationship between cross-professional components; It synchronously stores the lightweighting parameters and accuracy retention thresholds of components at each level, enabling standardized and automated execution of hierarchical lightweighting, correlation fusion, and error correction. The specific process of differentiated lightweighting in S3 includes: For core high-precision components, the overall surface curvature data of the core high-precision components is collected, and high-curvature regions and low-curvature regions of the components are identified and divided. The density of model patches is dynamically and adaptively adjusted according to the curvature of the regions. High-density patch retention rules are configured for high-curvature key precision regions, and low-density patch merging rules are configured for low-curvature flat regions. Based on the adapted patch density rules, duplicate and redundant patches in low-curvature flat regions are appropriately merged. The deletion or modification of semantic attribute data, equipment parameter data and spatial topology relationships of components is prohibited throughout the process. For standard components, a mesh simplification algorithm based on edge weights is adopted to prioritize the retention of key contour dimensions and connection interface structures of components, merge small redundant patches, remove duplicate mesh cells, retain all core business attribute data, and delete unnecessary modeling auxiliary redundant data. For auxiliary simple-level components, a topology-preserving batch compression algorithm is adopted. While preserving the overall spatial layout and outer contour of the components, it batch merges fragmented meshes, simplifies internal invalid structures, and compresses redundant texture data to minimize the model storage size and rendering pressure.

[0024] The specific steps for semantic association and fusion of multi-disciplinary original BIM models in S4 are as follows: The lightweight models of various disciplines are uniformly converted to the global coordinate reference system preset by power engineering, eliminating coordinate offset and scale deviation problems caused by differences in modeling software and modeling standards of different disciplines; Based on the pre-set power industry association rules in the semantic association mapping database, cross-professional component association relationships are established between civil engineering and electrical engineering, power transmission and substation, and equipment and pipelines, and component docking parameters, matching standards, and spatial constraints are bound together. The system detects issues such as component overlap, abnormal spacing, and interface misalignment after the fusion of original BIM models from multiple disciplines. Based on power engineering design specifications, it automatically fine-tunes the relative positions of components, corrects fusion errors, and ensures seamless integration of original BIM models from multiple disciplines. The original multi-disciplinary BIM models that have completed association matching and error correction are encapsulated as a whole, and the hierarchical accuracy labels, semantic attributes, and association relationships of each professional component are bound to generate a structured multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight BIM model.

[0025] The specific implementation method of incremental dynamic iterative update in S5 is as follows: Real-time monitoring of saving, modifying, adding, and deleting operations of original BIM models from multiple disciplines, accurately capturing model change instructions and change data; By comparing the model hash value, component code, and coordinate data before and after modification, the local changed area, changed component, and attribute modification content can be accurately located, and the geometric structure change and semantic attribute change can be distinguished. Only modified components and regions are subjected to differentiated lightweighting processing at the corresponding level; unmodified components directly reuse the original lightweighting data and fusion relationships. The modified components, after incremental lightweighting, are precisely replaced in the initial multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight fusion model, and the corresponding semantic relationships and spatial topology data are updated synchronously. This achieves dynamic iterative updates without the need for overall model reconstruction.

[0026] The specific process of multi-terminal synchronous collaborative display in S7 is as follows: The completed collaborative lightweight BIM model is encapsulated in a streaming rendering process, adapted to different rendering engines and resolution parameters for web, mobile, and desktop devices, and generates a lightweight display data package that is compatible with multiple terminals. Real-time data synchronization across multiple terminals is achieved through cloud-based data synchronization channels. Collaborative lightweight BIM model viewing, annotation, marking, and perspective adjustment operations on any terminal are synchronized to other terminals in real time, enabling remote collaborative interaction among multiple professionals. At the same time, a terminal adaptive rendering mechanism is set up to automatically adjust the rendering accuracy and loading speed according to the performance of the terminal device. High-performance devices display full-precision details, while mobile devices prioritize loading core components to ensure smooth display across all terminals.

[0027] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0028] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design, characterized in that, include: S1: Obtain the original BIM model of multiple disciplines in power engineering design and preprocess it, divide all BIM component levels, and bind a unique accuracy identifier and attribute label to each level of component; S2: Perform full-dimensional data analysis on the graded multi-disciplinary original BIM model, and extract geometric data, semantic attribute data, professional association data and spatial topology data. S3: Match the corresponding lightweight processing algorithm and simplified parameters for the three levels of BIM components to complete the differentiated lightweight compression processing; S4: Build a semantic association mapping database of multi-disciplinary original BIM models, set component association rules according to specifications, correct the deviation of multi-disciplinary original BIM models, and generate an initial multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight fusion model. S5: Monitor changes to the original BIM model of multiple disciplines, classify and lightweight the changed content, incrementally replace and update the initial multi-discipline collaborative lightweight fusion model, retain the original data and relationships, and generate the fused multi-discipline collaborative lightweight BIM model. S6: Based on the integrated multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight BIM model, a multi-level display system is constructed. According to the needs of different scenarios, the display accuracy, display scope and display style of the multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight BIM model are adaptively adjusted. S7: Synchronize the final iteration of the multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight BIM model to the display terminal, and at the same time build a multi-user collaborative display permission control system to complete the multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight integrated display.

2. The lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of acquiring and preprocessing the original BIM models of multiple disciplines in power engineering design includes: Acquire the original BIM models of multiple disciplines in power engineering design, and convert the original BIM models of multiple disciplines into a unified intermediate format that is compatible with lightweight integration, while retaining the model topology and core design parameters. Using the power engineering general layout design reference coordinate system as the sole reference, the local coordinate systems of the original BIM models of multiple disciplines are translated, rotated, and calibrated to achieve precise spatial alignment of the models of all disciplines. Iterate through the original BIM model component data from multiple disciplines, remove empty components, redundant and duplicate components, temporary auxiliary components, and delete invalid data such as invalid textures, redundant annotations, and expired parameters; In accordance with the design requirements for power engineering, the geometric, parameter, and texture accuracy benchmarks of the original BIM models from multiple disciplines are unified.

3. The lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The BIM component grading standard is as follows: Components that directly affect the operational safety, construction accuracy, and electrical performance of power engineering are defined as core high-precision components; Components that perform routine connection, auxiliary power distribution, and standardized layout functions are defined as routine standard-level components. Components that only serve a decorative, auxiliary, or site-regulating purpose and do not affect the core performance or construction precision of the project are defined as auxiliary simple-level components. The grading results of components at each level are synchronously entered into the semantic association mapping database.

4. The lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of differentiated lightweighting in S3 includes: For core high-precision components, an adaptive curvature-preserving patch algorithm is adopted to dynamically adjust the patch density according to the surface curvature, differentiate and simplify regional differences, and preserve attributes, parameters and topology data throughout the process; For standard components, an edge weighted mesh simplification algorithm is used to preserve the outline, interface and core attributes, and clean up redundant patches and meshes. For auxiliary simplified level components, a topology-preserving batch compression algorithm is adopted to maintain the overall shape, simplify the internal structure, and compress the texture.

5. The lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific process of differentiated lightweight processing for core high-precision components includes: Collect overall surface curvature data of core high-precision components, and identify and divide the high curvature region and low curvature region of the components; The model patch retention density is dynamically and adaptively adjusted according to the curvature of the region. High-density patch retention rules are configured for high-curvature critical precision regions, and low-density patch merging rules are configured for low-curvature flat regions. Based on the adapted patch density rules, redundant patches in low-curvature flat areas are appropriately merged. Throughout the process, the deletion or modification of semantic attribute data, equipment parameter data, and spatial topology relationships of components are prohibited.

6. The lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific process of differentiated lightweighting for conventional standard-level components includes: using a mesh simplification algorithm based on edge weights, prioritizing the retention of key component contour dimensions and connection interface structures, merging small redundant patches, removing duplicate mesh cells, retaining all core business attribute data, and deleting unnecessary modeling auxiliary redundant data.

7. The lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific aspects of semantic association and fusion of multi-disciplinary original BIM models in S4 include: The original BIM models from multiple disciplines are unified into the global coordinate system of power engineering, eliminating coordinate and scale deviations caused by software and standards. Based on the professional rules of the semantic association database, we build cross-professional component associations and bind docking parameters, matching standards and spatial constraints; Detects component overlap, spacing, and interface issues after merging original BIM models from multiple disciplines, and automatically adjusts and corrects errors according to design specifications; The processed multi-disciplinary original BIM model is encapsulated as a whole, and accuracy tags, semantic attributes and relationships are attached to generate a structured multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight fusion model.

8. The lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for constructing the semantic association mapping database includes: Acquire BIM design specifications, cross-disciplinary standards, and equipment matching parameters for power engineering projects in the power industry, and build a standardized association rule library; Enter the coding system, attribute parameters, and interface parameters of each professional standard component, and establish a one-to-one correspondence mapping relationship between cross-professional components; The lightweighting parameters and accuracy retention thresholds of components at each level are stored synchronously to achieve standardized and automated execution of graded lightweighting, correlation fusion, and error correction.

9. The lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific implementation method of incremental dynamic iterative update in S5 is as follows: Real-time monitoring of saving, modifying, adding, and deleting operations of original BIM models from multiple disciplines, accurately capturing model change instructions and change data; By comparing the model hash values, component codes, and coordinate data before and after modification, the local changed areas, changed components, and attribute modifications can be accurately located, and the geometric structure changes and semantic attribute changes can be distinguished. Only modified components and regions are subjected to differentiated lightweighting processing at the corresponding level; unmodified components directly reuse the original lightweighting data and fusion relationships. The modified components, after incremental lightweighting, are precisely replaced in the initial multi-disciplinary collaborative lightweight fusion model, and the corresponding semantic relationships and spatial topology data are updated synchronously.

10. The lightweight fusion and display method for multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM models in power engineering design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of multi-terminal synchronous collaborative display in S7 is as follows: The completed collaborative lightweight BIM model is encapsulated in a streaming rendering to generate a lightweight display data package that is compatible with multiple terminals. Real-time data synchronization across multiple terminals is achieved through a cloud-based data synchronization channel, enabling collaborative and lightweight BIM model viewing, annotation, marking, and perspective adjustment operations on any terminal; At the same time, a terminal adaptive rendering mechanism is set up to automatically adjust the rendering accuracy and loading speed according to the performance of the terminal device.

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