Analysis method of electrical performance of space-borne antenna considering coupling of active phased-array feed

Abstract

The application provides a kind of satellite-borne antenna electric performance analysis method considering active phased array feed coupling, comprising: based on single element gain iterative convergence to establish minimum coupling array scale, in the local coordinate system according to the position classification of feed source extraction each equivalent coupling source, extract the three-dimensional electric field data of each equivalent coupling source to establish element equivalent source model, based on the relative relationship of global coordinate system and local coordinate system of feed source to the equivalent source model Euler transformation is obtained after transformation equivalent source, after transformation equivalent source is mapped to the corresponding position of each element in target array one by one to obtain the mapped array equivalent source, based on physical optics method, the total induced current of reflecting surface and antenna far field electric field are calculated according to the mapped array equivalent source, the power pattern of antenna far field electric field in electric field plane and magnetic field plane is extracted as the far field pattern of antenna system to carry out electric performance analysis.The application realizes the efficient analysis and evaluation of satellite-borne reflector antenna electric performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of spaceborne antenna technology, specifically relating to a method for analyzing the electrical performance of spaceborne antennas considering the coupling of active phased array feed sources. Background Technology

[0002] In spaceborne radar, deep space exploration, and satellite communication systems, active phased arrays are often used as feed sources for large reflector antennas. To ensure the normal and reliable operation of spaceborne phased array antennas during their on-orbit operation, it is essential to perform high-precision prediction and analysis of their radiation characteristics during the design phase.

[0003] There are two main types of solutions in related technologies: one is the global full-wave simulation method (such as the method of moments and the finite element method), which can guarantee calculation accuracy, but requires a huge number of meshes, is extremely time-consuming, and has low efficiency; the other is the pattern product theorem, which has a fast calculation speed, but its calculation accuracy is limited because it ignores the mutual coupling and edge effects between elements. In addition, large spaceborne active phased array antennas adopt a multi-subarray folding and collapsing configuration. The mechanical seams between the subarray panels introduce structural discontinuities, which further affect the electromagnetic boundary conditions of the array elements, and existing solutions do not fully consider such gap coupling effects.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies are insufficient to efficiently analyze and evaluate the electrical performance of spaceborne reflector antennas while considering inter-element coupling effects, edge effects, and slot coupling effects. This makes it impossible to meet the requirements for balancing computational efficiency and simulation accuracy in the engineering design of large-scale spaceborne active phased array antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this invention provides a method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the feed coupling of an active phased array. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the feed coupling of an active phased array, comprising: Based on the single-element gain, the minimum coupled array size is determined by iterative gain convergence. In the local coordinate system of the feed source, the array elements within the smallest coupling array size are classified and extracted according to their array positions to obtain each equivalent coupling source. Extract the three-dimensional electric field data of each of the equivalent coupling sources, and establish an array element equivalent source model based on the three-dimensional electric field data; Based on the relative relationship between the global coordinate system and the feed source local coordinate system, an Euler transformation is performed on each equivalent source in the equivalent source model to transform each equivalent source from the feed source local coordinate system to the global coordinate system, thus obtaining the transformed equivalent source. Based on the actual positional relationship of the phased array feed sources, the transformed equivalent sources are mapped one by one to the corresponding positions of each array element in the target array to obtain the mapped array equivalent sources. Based on the physical optics method, the total induced current of the reflecting surface is calculated according to the mapped array equivalent source, the far-field electric field of the antenna is calculated according to the total induced current, the power pattern of the far-field electric field of the antenna in the electric field plane and the magnetic field plane is extracted as the far-field pattern of the antenna system, and the electrical performance is analyzed based on the far-field pattern.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the minimum coupled array size based on single-element gain through iterative gain convergence includes: An initial-scale single-element model is established, the single-element model is excited, and the single-element gain is extracted using a full-wave algorithm. The current subarray model is uniformly expanded outward along a two-dimensional plane to construct an expanded subarray model. The geometric center element of the expanded subarray model is excited, and the expansion gain of the expanded subarray model is extracted by the full-wave algorithm. Calculate the gain loss of the single-element gain and the extended gain; The gain loss is compared with a preset convergence threshold. If the gain loss is greater than or equal to the preset convergence threshold, the expanded subarray model is expanded outwards uniformly along the two-dimensional plane, and the calculated gain loss is redefined. If the gain loss is less than the preset convergence threshold, the expansion is stopped, and the current size is selected as the minimum coupled array size.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the equivalent coupling source includes an array equivalent coupling source, an edge equivalent coupling source, and a gap equivalent coupling source; the step of classifying and extracting array elements within the smallest coupling array size according to their array positions in the feed source local coordinate system to obtain each equivalent coupling source includes: Each array element located in the center column of the array within the minimum coupling array size is excited, and the corresponding three-dimensional electric field data is obtained through the full-wave algorithm to obtain the equivalent coupling source in the array; Each array element located in the leftmost and rightmost columns of the array within the minimum coupling array size is excited, and the corresponding three-dimensional electric field data is obtained through the full-wave algorithm to obtain the edge equivalent coupling source; For the array elements close to both sides of the mechanical seam within the minimum coupling array size, excitation is performed column by column in order from the column closest to the seam to the column furthest from the seam. The three-dimensional electric field data corresponding to each column is obtained by the full-wave algorithm to obtain the equivalent coupling source of the gap.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, before calculating the total induced current of the reflecting surface based on the mapped array equivalent source using physical optics, the method further includes: In the global coordinate system, multiple candidate discretization accuracies are selected based on the wavelength. The electrical performance calculation gain under different candidate discretization accuracies is compared. When the electrical performance calculation gain reaches the gain loss convergence threshold, the candidate discretization accuracies corresponding to the electrical performance calculation gain are determined as the target discretization accuracies of the reflector. The reflector is then meshed based on the target discretization accuracies.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of performing an Euler transformation on each equivalent source in the equivalent source model based on the relative relationship between the global coordinate system and the feed source local coordinate system includes: Based on the installation attitude tilt angle of each element in the global coordinate system, construct an Euler angle rotation matrix that includes pitch angle, yaw angle and roll angle; Based on the Euler angle rotation matrix, the spatial angles of each equivalent source in the equivalent source model are rotated, and the local electromagnetic propagation principal axis of the equivalent source is deflected to the true illumination direction in the global coordinate system, thus obtaining the transformed equivalent source.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of mapping the transformed equivalent source to the corresponding position of each array element in the target array based on the actual position relationship of the phased array feed sources, to obtain the mapped array equivalent source, includes: When the number of rows in the target array is not greater than twice the number of coupling influence layers of the minimum coupled array size, the column mapping index is determined according to the positional relationship of the column where the array element is located relative to the left edge, right edge and central region of the array, respectively. When the number of rows in the target array is greater than twice the number of coupling influence layers of the minimum coupled array size, the row mapping index is determined according to the positional relationship of the row where the array element is located relative to the top region, bottom region and center region of the array, respectively. For array elements in the mechanical seam area, the corresponding seam area column mapping index is determined based on the local column coordinates of the array element within its subarray module and its position relative to the left and right sides of the seam. Based on the column mapping index, the row mapping index, and the gap region column mapping index, a matching equivalent coupling source is determined among the equivalent coupling sources, and the equivalent coupling source is mapped to the array element at the corresponding position in the target array to obtain the mapped array equivalent source.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of calculating the total induced current of the reflecting surface based on the mapped array equivalent source using physical optics, and calculating the far-field electric field of the antenna based on the total induced current, includes: For each element in the target array, the straight-line distance and unit direction vector from the element to each discrete point on the reflecting surface are calculated based on the absolute spatial coordinates of the element. Based on the straight-line distance, the unit direction vector, and the far-field data of the mapped array equivalent source, the incident electric field vector of each array element at each discrete point on the reflective surface is obtained, the incident magnetic field vector of each array element is calculated by spatial vector cross product, and the local induced current of each array element at each discrete point on the reflective surface is calculated based on physical optics. The local induced currents of each array element at the same discrete point on the reflective surface are vector-superimposed to obtain the total induced current of the reflective surface. The far-field electric field of the antenna is obtained by performing far-field integration on the total induced current.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention provides a device for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the feed coupling of an active phased array, comprising: The coupling scale determination module is used to determine the minimum coupling array size based on the single-element gain and through iterative gain convergence. The equivalent source classification module is used to classify and extract array elements within the minimum coupling array size in the local coordinate system of the feed source according to the array position of the array element, so as to obtain each equivalent coupling source. The equivalent source modeling module is used to extract the three-dimensional electric field data of each of the equivalent coupled sources and establish an array element equivalent source model based on the three-dimensional electric field data. The equivalent source transformation module is used to perform Euler transformation on each equivalent source in the equivalent source model based on the relative relationship between the global coordinate system and the feed source local coordinate system, so that each equivalent source is transformed from the feed source local coordinate system to the global coordinate system, and the transformed equivalent source is obtained. The equivalent source mapping module is used to map the transformed equivalent source to the corresponding position of each array element in the target array based on the actual position relationship of the phased array feed source, so as to obtain the mapped array equivalent source. The electrical performance analysis module is used to calculate the total induced current of the reflector surface based on the mapped array equivalent source using physical optics, calculate the far-field electric field of the antenna based on the total induced current, extract the power radiation pattern of the far-field electric field in the electric field plane and the magnetic field plane as the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna system, and perform electrical performance analysis based on the far-field radiation pattern.

[0013] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; The memory is used to store computer programs; When the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory, it implements the steps of the method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the coupling of an active phased array feed provided in the first aspect.

[0014] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the coupling of an active phased array feed provided in the first aspect.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering active phased array feed coupling. This method establishes the minimum coupled array size based on single-element gain through iterative gain convergence. In the feed local coordinate system, elements within the minimum coupled array size are classified and extracted according to their array positions to obtain equivalent coupled sources. Three-dimensional electric field data of each equivalent coupled source are extracted, and an equivalent source model is established based on this data. Based on the relative relationship between the global coordinate system and the feed local coordinate system, an Euler transformation is performed on each equivalent source in the equivalent source model, transforming each equivalent source from the feed local coordinate system to the global coordinate system, resulting in the transformed equivalent source. This method is based on the phased array feed. Based on the actual positional relationship, the transformed equivalent source is mapped one by one to the corresponding position of each array element in the target array to obtain the mapped array equivalent source. Based on the physical optics method, the total induced current of the reflector is calculated according to the mapped array equivalent source, and the far-field electric field of the antenna is calculated according to the total induced current. The power radiation patterns of the far-field electric field of the antenna in the electric field plane and the magnetic field plane are extracted as the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna system. The electrical performance is analyzed based on the far-field radiation pattern. Thus, under the premise of considering the mutual coupling effect, edge effect and slot coupling effect between array elements, global full-wave simulation is avoided, and efficient analysis and evaluation of the electrical performance of the spaceborne reflector antenna is realized, achieving a balance between computational efficiency and simulation accuracy.

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of a method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the coupling of an active phased array feed, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an equivalent coupling source in an array provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an equivalent coupling source on the left edge provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an equivalent coupling source on the right edge provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an equivalent coupling source for the left slit in the first column provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an equivalent coupling source for the left slit in the second column provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a first embodiment of the present invention. A schematic diagram of the equivalent coupling source of the left slit in the column; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relative relationship between a global coordinate system and a feed local coordinate system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an array element mapping and matching relationship provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spaceborne antenna electrical performance analysis device considering active phased array feed coupling provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware entity of an electronic device to which embodiments of the present invention are applied. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of a method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the feed coupling of an active phased array, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the coupling of an active phased array feed, provided in this embodiment of the invention, may include the following steps: Step S101: Based on the single-element gain, determine the minimum coupled array size through iterative gain convergence.

[0020] The minimum coupled array size refers to the array size where the coupling effect of array elements that are more than a preset number of layers away from the excitation array element on the excitation array element is negligible.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the minimum coupled array size is determined based on the single-element gain through iterative gain convergence. This includes: establishing a single-element model of initial size; exciting the single-element model and extracting the single-element gain using a full-wave algorithm; uniformly expanding the current subarray model outward along a two-dimensional plane to construct an expanded subarray model; exciting the geometric center element of the expanded subarray model and extracting the expanded gain of the expanded subarray model using a full-wave algorithm; calculating the gain loss between the single-element gain and the expanded gain; comparing the gain loss with a preset convergence threshold; if the gain loss is greater than or equal to the preset convergence threshold, then uniformly expanding the expanded subarray model outward along the two-dimensional plane again and recalculating the gain loss; if the gain loss is less than the preset convergence threshold, then stopping the expansion and selecting the current size as the minimum coupled array size.

[0022] For example, an initial size can be established. The single-element model is excited, and the single-element gain is extracted using a full-wave algorithm. The current subarray model is uniformly expanded outwards along a two-dimensional plane to construct... (The first iteration can be set) The extended subarray model is used, and only the geometric center element of the extended subarray model is excited. The extended gain of the extended subarray model is extracted using a full-wave algorithm. Calculate the change in gain before and after the expansion, i.e., calculate the gain of a single array element. With extended gain Gain loss Gain loss With preset convergence threshold (For example, 0.1 or 0.2, or other values ​​set according to actual needs) for comparison. If This indicates that the newly added outermost array element still has a significant impact on the central array element, and can be set... Continue to expand outwards and repeat the above steps to extract the expanded gain. and calculate gain loss The steps. If This indicates that the impact of the newly added outermost array element on the central array element is negligible, and expansion can be stopped, based on the definition of gain loss. It can be seen that at this time and The gain loss between the two subarray sizes is negligible, so we choose the smaller subarray size, i.e., select... The array is used as the minimum coupled array size of the antenna system, and this minimum coupled array size is set to... The distance from the excitation array element exceeds The position of each array element is such that the coupling effect of this minimum coupled array size on the excitation array element is negligible.

[0023] Step S102: In the local coordinate system of the feed source, the array elements within the smallest coupled array size are classified and extracted according to the array position of the array element to obtain each equivalent coupled source.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the equivalent coupling sources include array equivalent coupling sources, edge equivalent coupling sources, and slot equivalent coupling sources. In the feed source local coordinate system, array elements within the smallest coupled array size are classified and extracted according to their array positions to obtain each equivalent coupling source, including: Each array element located in the center column of the array within the minimum coupled array size is excited, and the corresponding three-dimensional electric field data is obtained through the full-wave algorithm to obtain the equivalent coupled source in the array; Each array element located in the leftmost and rightmost columns of the array within the smallest coupled array size is excited, and the corresponding three-dimensional electric field data is obtained through the full-wave algorithm to obtain the edge equivalent coupled source; For the array elements close to both sides of the mechanical seam within the smallest coupled array size, excitation is performed column by column in order from the column closest to the seam to the column furthest from the seam. The three-dimensional electric field data corresponding to each column is obtained by the full-wave algorithm to obtain the equivalent coupling source of the gap.

[0025] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, this can be applied to the smallest coupled array size. The middle column, that is Columns Each array element (including array elements 1, 2, ... Each wave is individually excited and the full-wave algorithm is used to obtain the results. The three-dimensional electric field data corresponding to each array element (which can be denoted as...) , ... ), thus obtaining the equivalent coupling source in the array.

[0026] For example, the edge equivalent coupling source includes a left edge equivalent coupling source and a right edge equivalent coupling source. Figure 3 As shown, this can be applied to the smallest coupled array size. The far left Each array element is individually excited, and the corresponding three-dimensional electric field data is obtained using a full-wave algorithm. The left edge is an equivalent coupling source. For example... Figure 4 As shown, this can be applied to the smallest coupled array size. The far right Each array element is individually excited, and the corresponding three-dimensional electric field data is obtained using a full-wave algorithm. Equivalent coupling source at the right edge.

[0027] For example, the equivalent coupling source of the gap includes a left gap equivalent coupling source and a right gap equivalent coupling source. The left gap equivalent coupling source is the equivalent coupling source immediately adjacent to the left side seam of the machine, and the right gap equivalent coupling source is the equivalent coupling source immediately adjacent to the right side seam of the machine.

[0028] For the equivalent coupling source of the left slit, we can denote the column immediately to the left of the slit as column 1, and gradually increase the column numbering towards the column farther from the slit. A column can be individually excited sequentially on the left side of the gap, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the corresponding three-dimensional electric field data can be obtained using the full-wave algorithm to obtain the equivalent coupling source of the left slit (i.e., the first column) close to the slit.

[0029] On the left side of the gap, the array elements in the row immediately adjacent to the gap can be excited individually in sequence, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the corresponding three-dimensional electric field data can be obtained using the full-wave algorithm to obtain the equivalent coupling source of the left slit (i.e., the second column) which is closest to the slit.

[0030] You can go to the left side of the gap, until you reach the first... The array elements are excited individually in sequence, such as Figure 7 As shown, the corresponding three-dimensional electric field data are obtained using the full-wave algorithm, resulting in the... The left gap of the column is the equivalent coupling source.

[0031] For the equivalent coupling source of the right slit, we can denote the column immediately to the right of the slit as column 1, and gradually increase the column numbering towards the farthest point from the slit. The specific method for determining the column is the same as the method used above to determine the equivalent coupling source of the left slit.

[0032] Step S103: Extract the three-dimensional electric field data of each equivalent coupling source, and establish an array element equivalent source model based on the three-dimensional electric field data.

[0033] For example, in full-wave simulation software, the three-dimensional electric field data of each equivalent coupling source can be extracted as the equivalent source. Specifically, based on the full-wave algorithm, the electric field data of each equivalent coupling source can be comprehensively extracted in all spatial sampling directions in a spherical coordinate system. polarization electric field components and polarization electric field components The complex domain information is obtained by accurately analyzing and recording the real and imaginary parts of the two orthogonal polarization components. Based on the above operations, the true amplitude and phase characteristics of the equivalent source of the array elements at different locations are obtained. Based on the three-dimensional electric field data as the high-fidelity equivalent source for subsequent operations, the array element equivalent source model is constructed.

[0034] Step S104: Based on the relative relationship between the global coordinate system and the feed local coordinate system, perform Euler transformation on each equivalent source in the equivalent source model to transform each equivalent source from the feed local coordinate system to the global coordinate system, thus obtaining the transformed equivalent source.

[0035] In one possible implementation, based on the relative relationship between the global coordinate system and the feed local coordinate system, an Euler transformation is performed on each equivalent source in the equivalent source model, including: constructing an Euler angle rotation matrix containing pitch angle, yaw angle and roll angle according to the installation attitude tilt angle of each array element in the global coordinate system; rotating the spatial angle of each equivalent source in the equivalent source model based on the Euler angle rotation matrix, and deflecting the local electromagnetic propagation principal axis of the equivalent source to the true illumination direction in the global coordinate system, thereby obtaining the transformed equivalent source.

[0036] For example, the three-dimensional electric field data of each equivalent coupled source (propagation principal axis along the local axis) can be used to... Import the axis into the feed local coordinate system, such as Figure 8 As shown.

[0037] Because the initially imported principal electric field axes cannot accurately reflect the illumination of the array elements onto the reflector surface, pointing errors exist. Therefore, a new electric field axis can be constructed based on the installation attitude tilt angles of each array element in the global coordinate system, including... , , Euler angle transformation matrix for Euler angle parameters. Applying the Euler angle matrix to the spatial angles of each equivalent source in the feed local coordinate system precisely deflects and realigns the local electromagnetic propagation principal axis to the true global illumination direction, resulting in the transformed equivalent source. This allows the three-dimensional electric field of the equivalent source to be transformed from the feed local coordinate system to the antenna global coordinate system. For example, the single rotation matrix is ​​calculated using the following formula, where the three formulas correspond to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, respectively: ; ; ; in, , , These are the rotation angles (i.e., pitch angle, yaw angle, and roll angle) of the Z-axis, Y-axis, and X-axis, respectively. , , These are the rotation matrices corresponding to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, respectively.

[0038] Rotation according to Z-Y'-X'', its continuous rotation matrix This can be expressed as the following formula: ; ; Step S105: Based on the actual positional relationship of the phased array feed sources, the transformed equivalent sources are mapped one by one to the corresponding positions of each array element in the target array to obtain the mapped array equivalent sources.

[0039] In one possible implementation, when the number of rows in the target array is no more than twice the number of coupling influence layers of the minimum coupled array size, the column mapping index is determined based on the positional relationship of the column where the array element is located relative to the left edge, right edge, and center region of the array. When the number of rows in the target array is more than twice the number of coupling influence layers of the minimum coupled array size, the row mapping index is determined based on the positional relationship of the row where the array element is located relative to the top region, bottom region, and center region of the array. For array elements in the mechanical seam region, the corresponding seam region column mapping index is determined based on the local column coordinates of the array element within its subarray module and its positional relationship relative to the left and right sides of the seam. Based on the column mapping index, row mapping index, and seam region column mapping index, a matching equivalent coupling source is determined among each equivalent coupling source, and the equivalent coupling source is mapped to the array element at the corresponding position in the target array to obtain the mapped array equivalent source.

[0040] For example, large active phased array antennas are quite large, and when the number of columns is much greater than the number of rows, the number of rows of the active phased array antenna is denoted as... ,when At that time, it is necessary to establish Subarrays of size (i.e.) OK Then, perform the above operations to determine the equivalent coupling source in the array, the edge equivalent coupling source, and the slot equivalent coupling source, obtain the equivalent coupling source of the current scale, and map them one by one into the active phased array according to their corresponding positions.

[0041] Specifically, the target array coordinates can be defined as follows: Okay, number List( , );exist In the equivalent coupling source scale, let Center column coordinates of the array The absolute number of layers affected by coupling Any element in the target array The corresponding equivalent source Its row mapping index Column mapping index independent.

[0042] Calculate the row index. Since the number of rows in the target array is the same as the number of rows in the newly created minimum equivalent coupled size array, regardless of... What value should be taken? Calculate column indexes when hour, , corresponding to the left edge position; when hour, , corresponding to the right edge position; when hour, This corresponds to the central layer position. Based on the independently calculated row and column mapping indexes mentioned above... In the aforementioned equivalent coupling sources, the matching equivalent coupling source is addressed and invoked, and its precise mapping and equivalent replacement of the physical number in the target array are performed. The array elements; when the number of rows is much greater than the number of columns, the principle is the same. When At that time, by employing the above-described operations for determining the equivalent coupling source in the array, the equivalent coupling source at the edge, and the equivalent coupling source in the gap, the following is obtained: The equivalent coupling sources are addressed and matched according to their numbers, and mapped one by one to the active phased array to obtain the mapped array equivalent sources.

[0043] Specifically, the target array coordinates can be defined as follows: Okay, number List( , );use The equivalent coupling source size, denoted as Center point coordinates of the array The absolute number of layers affected by coupling Any element in the target array The corresponding equivalent source Its row mapping index Column mapping index independent.

[0044] Calculate row index when hour, Currently located Top of array Within the layer, mapped into The corresponding top layer; when hour, Currently located bottom of array Within the layer, mapped into The corresponding bottom layer; when hour, Currently located The central layer of the array. Calculate the column index when... hour, This corresponds to the position of the left edge; when hour, This corresponds to the position of the right edge; when hour, For the gaps created by the mechanical seams of the antenna array, only the column index needs to be changed (regardless of...). What value should be taken? ), define the number of physical columns of a single subarray module as Calculate the local column coordinates within the single subarray. ,satisfy For the right side of the gap, when and hour, For the left side of the gap, when and hour, Based on the independently calculated row and column mapping indexes mentioned above In the aforementioned equivalent coupling source, the matching equivalent coupling source electric field data is addressed and retrieved, and then precisely mapped and equivalently replaced in the target array with the physical number […]. The array elements are used to obtain the mapped array equivalent source.

[0045] For example, the minimum coupling size of the equivalent coupling source can be set to... , center coordinates The target array has a specific size of 9 rows and 16 columns. Based on the addressing and matching rules mentioned above, the precise spatial mapping matching relationship between each physical element of the entire array and the equivalent coupling source is as follows: Figure 9 As shown.

[0046] Step S106: Based on the physical optics method, calculate the total induced current of the reflecting surface according to the mapped array equivalent source, calculate the far-field electric field of the antenna according to the total induced current, extract the power radiation pattern of the far-field electric field of the antenna in the electric field plane and the magnetic field plane, and use it as the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna system. Perform electrical performance analysis based on the far-field radiation pattern.

[0047] In one possible implementation, based on the physical optics method, before calculating the total induced current of the reflecting surface according to the mapped array equivalent source, multiple candidate discretization accuracies can be selected in the global coordinate system according to the wavelength. The electrical performance calculation gain under different candidate discretization accuracies is compared. When the electrical performance calculation gain reaches the gain loss convergence threshold, the candidate discretization accuracies corresponding to the electrical performance calculation gain are determined as the target discretization accuracies of the reflecting surface. The reflecting surface is then meshed based on the target discretization accuracies.

[0048] Understandably, different discretization accuracies introduce varying degrees of error; higher accuracy in electrical performance calculations corresponds to lower computational efficiency. To comprehensively consider both accuracy and efficiency, wavelength can be used as a reference for selection. ( Based on the electrical performance calculation results, a suitable discretization precision is selected. An appropriate gain-loss convergence threshold is designed. Let the gain for calculating electrical performance under different candidate discretization accuracies be denoted as . (e.g., 0.1 or other values ​​set according to the actual situation), when If the required calculation accuracy is met, then the electrical performance value is selected to calculate the gain. The corresponding candidate discretization precision is the target discretization precision of the reflecting surface. The reflecting surface is then discretized into a grid based on the target discretization precision to support the subsequent calculation of the induced current using physical optics.

[0049] In one possible implementation, based on physical optics, the total induced current of the reflecting surface is calculated from the mapped equivalent source of the array, and the far-field electric field of the antenna is calculated from the total induced current. This includes: for each element in the target array, calculating the straight-line distance and unit direction vector from the element to each discrete point on the reflecting surface based on the absolute spatial coordinates of the element; obtaining the incident electric field vector of each element at each discrete point on the reflecting surface based on the straight-line distance, unit direction vector, and far-field data of the mapped equivalent source of the array; calculating the incident magnetic field vector of each element through spatial vector cross product; calculating the local induced current of each element at each discrete point on the reflecting surface based on physical optics; vector superimposing the local induced currents of each element at the same discrete point on the reflecting surface to obtain the total induced current of the reflecting surface; and performing far-field integration on the total induced current to obtain the far-field electric field of the antenna.

[0050] For example, the local induced current generated by each array element on the reflecting surface can be calculated. For any offset element m in the target array, based on its absolute spatial coordinates, calculate its true spatial straight-line distance to the nth discrete point of the reflecting surface and the corresponding unit direction vector. By combining the equivalent far-field data from the mapping, the incident electric field vector of the feed at each discrete point on the reflecting surface is obtained. The corresponding incident magnetic field vector is calculated by the cross product of spatial vectors. Then, based on Maxwell's equations and the physical optics approximation, the local induced current excited by this array element on the reflective surface grid is calculated. The formula is as follows: ; ; in, For free space wave impedance, The incident unit direction vector of the feed to each point on the reflecting surface. Let be the unit normal vector pointing outward from the grid point of the reflecting surface. For the first The local induced current generated by each element at this point.

[0051] For local induced current The total induced current is obtained by superposition. And calculate the total far-field electric field. The total induced current of the reflecting surface is obtained by vector superposition of the induced currents generated by all array elements at the same point on the reflecting surface. The formula is as follows: ; in, This represents the total number of array elements in the active phased array feed. For the first The position vector of a discrete point.

[0052] Calculate the far-field electric field of the antenna using far-field integration. : ; in, The imaginary unit, Angular frequency, Permeability in free space For free space wavenumber, The distance from the antenna origin to the far-field observation point. It is a parabolic cylindrical reflecting surface. The unit direction vector is the direction of observation in the far field. Let be the position vector of the integration point on the reflecting surface. Let be an infinitesimally small continuous area element on the reflecting surface.

[0053] After determining the far-field electric field of the antenna, the power radiation patterns of the far-field electric field in the electric field plane (E-plane) and the magnetic field plane (H-plane) can be extracted as the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna system, and the electrical performance can be analyzed based on the far-field radiation pattern.

[0054] In one possible implementation, a parabolic cylindrical antenna with a biased phased array feed is designed. The target active phased array has a global size of 5 rows and 156 columns. In terms of hardware architecture, it is composed of 12 subarray modules of size 5×13 spliced ​​along the column direction. Due to the limitations of modular physical assembly technology, there will be periodic mechanical seams caused by structural splicing every 13 columns along the column direction of the antenna array. The array feed length is 16m, and the operating frequency is 1.5GHz.

[0055] By following the steps described above, the minimum array coupling size is 5×5. Under the minimum coupling size, a=2, and 5 types of equivalent coupling sources are obtained. 10 types of equivalent coupling sources are obtained for the left edge, 10 types for the right edge, 10 types for the left slit, and 10 types for the right slit, for a total of 45 types. After rotating the equivalent sources, they are mapped one by one to the corresponding positions of the active phased array elements, and the physical optics method is used to calculate them.

[0056] The method described in this invention is used to perform electrical performance analysis of the above-mentioned active phased array reflector antenna considering feed coupling. The single simulation time is only 400.65s, which is shorter than that of full-wave simulation, saving calculation time and improving calculation efficiency.

[0057] In summary, compared with the traditional full-wave algorithm for the entire array, this invention significantly reduces the amount of computation and computation time, and improves computational efficiency. At the same time, compared with the traditional pattern product theorem, this invention accurately considers the coupling effect in the feed array, overcomes the shortcomings of insufficient accuracy of traditional analytical algorithms, and achieves a balance between high computational efficiency and high simulation accuracy.

[0058] The present invention provides a method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering active phased array feed coupling. This method establishes the minimum coupled array size based on single-element gain through iterative gain convergence. In the feed local coordinate system, elements within the minimum coupled array size are classified and extracted according to their array positions to obtain equivalent coupled sources. Three-dimensional electric field data of each equivalent coupled source are extracted, and an equivalent source model is established based on this data. Based on the relative relationship between the global coordinate system and the feed local coordinate system, an Euler transformation is performed on each equivalent source in the equivalent source model, transforming each equivalent source from the feed local coordinate system to the global coordinate system, resulting in the transformed equivalent source. This method is based on the phased array feed. Based on the actual positional relationship, the transformed equivalent source is mapped one by one to the corresponding position of each array element in the target array to obtain the mapped array equivalent source. Based on the physical optics method, the total induced current of the reflector is calculated according to the mapped array equivalent source, and the far-field electric field of the antenna is calculated according to the total induced current. The power radiation patterns of the far-field electric field of the antenna in the electric field plane and the magnetic field plane are extracted as the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna system. The electrical performance is analyzed based on the far-field radiation pattern. Thus, under the premise of considering the mutual coupling effect, edge effect and slot coupling effect between array elements, global full-wave simulation is avoided, and efficient analysis and evaluation of the electrical performance of the spaceborne reflector antenna is realized, achieving a balance between computational efficiency and simulation accuracy.

[0059] See Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a spaceborne antenna electrical performance analysis device considering active phased array feed coupling, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The spaceborne antenna electrical performance analysis device considering active phased array feed coupling provided by the present invention includes a coupling scale determination module 1001, an equivalent source classification module 1002, an equivalent source modeling module 1003, an equivalent source transformation module 1004, an equivalent source mapping module 1005, and an electrical performance analysis module 1006.

[0060] Among them, the coupling scale determination module 1001 is used to determine the minimum coupling array scale based on the single array element gain and through iterative gain convergence. The equivalent source classification module 1002 is used to classify and extract array elements within the smallest coupling array size in the local coordinate system of the feed source according to the array position of the array element, so as to obtain each equivalent coupling source. The equivalent source modeling module 1003 is used to extract the three-dimensional electric field data of each equivalent coupled source and establish the array element equivalent source model based on the three-dimensional electric field data. The equivalent source transformation module 1004 is used to perform Euler transformation on each equivalent source in the equivalent source model based on the relative relationship between the global coordinate system and the feed source local coordinate system, so that each equivalent source is transformed from the feed source local coordinate system to the global coordinate system, and the transformed equivalent source is obtained. The equivalent source mapping module 1005 is used to map the transformed equivalent source to the corresponding position of each array element in the target array based on the actual position relationship of the phased array feed source, so as to obtain the mapped array equivalent source. It is used to calculate the total induced current of the reflector surface based on the mapped array equivalent source using physical optics, calculate the far-field electric field of the antenna based on the total induced current, extract the power pattern of the far-field electric field in the electric field plane and the magnetic field plane as the far-field pattern of the antenna system, and perform electrical performance analysis based on the far-field pattern.

[0061] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware entity of an electronic device to which an embodiment of the present invention applies. The electronic device provided in this embodiment includes a processor 1101, a communication interface 1102, a memory 1103, and a communication bus 1104, wherein the processor 1101, the communication interface 1102, and the memory 1103 communicate with each other via the communication bus 1104. Memory 1103 is used to store computer programs; When the processor 1101 executes the program stored in the memory 1103, it implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0062] The communication bus 1104 mentioned in the above electronic device can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This communication bus 1104 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, it is represented by only one thick line in the figure, but this does not indicate that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0063] Communication interface 1102 is used for communication between the above-mentioned electronic device and other devices.

[0064] The memory 1103 may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory 1103 may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0065] The processor 1101 mentioned above can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0066] The method provided in this invention can be applied to electronic devices. Specifically, the electronic device can be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a smart mobile terminal, a server, etc. No limitation is made herein; any electronic device that can implement this invention falls within the protection scope of this invention.

[0067] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps provided in the above-described method embodiments.

[0068] For the embodiments of the device / electronic device / storage medium, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple. For specific details and beneficial effects, please refer to the description of the method embodiments.

[0069] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0070] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0071] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, apparatus (devices), or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects, all of which are collectively referred to herein as "modules" or "systems." Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The computer program may be stored / distributed in a suitable medium, provided with or as part of other hardware, or may take other distribution forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunications systems.

[0072] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (devices), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0073] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0074] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0075] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the coupling of an active phased array feed, characterized in that, include: Based on the single-element gain, the minimum coupled array size is determined by iterative gain convergence. In the local coordinate system of the feed source, the array elements within the smallest coupling array size are classified and extracted according to their array positions to obtain each equivalent coupling source. Extract the three-dimensional electric field data of each of the equivalent coupling sources, and establish an array element equivalent source model based on the three-dimensional electric field data; Based on the relative relationship between the global coordinate system and the feed source local coordinate system, an Euler transformation is performed on each equivalent source in the equivalent source model to transform each equivalent source from the feed source local coordinate system to the global coordinate system, thus obtaining the transformed equivalent source. Based on the actual positional relationship of the phased array feed sources, the transformed equivalent sources are mapped one by one to the corresponding positions of each array element in the target array to obtain the mapped array equivalent sources. Based on the physical optics method, the total induced current of the reflecting surface is calculated according to the mapped array equivalent source, the far-field electric field of the antenna is calculated according to the total induced current, the power pattern of the far-field electric field of the antenna in the electric field plane and the magnetic field plane is extracted as the far-field pattern of the antenna system, and the electrical performance is analyzed based on the far-field pattern.

2. The method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering active phased array feed coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method of determining the minimum coupled array size based on single-element gain through iterative gain convergence includes: An initial-scale single-element model is established, the single-element model is excited, and the single-element gain is extracted using a full-wave algorithm. The current subarray model is uniformly expanded outward along a two-dimensional plane to construct an expanded subarray model. The geometric center element of the expanded subarray model is excited, and the expansion gain of the expanded subarray model is extracted by the full-wave algorithm. Calculate the gain loss of the single-element gain and the extended gain; The gain loss is compared with a preset convergence threshold. If the gain loss is greater than or equal to the preset convergence threshold, the expanded subarray model is expanded outwards uniformly along the two-dimensional plane, and the calculated gain loss is redefined. If the gain loss is less than the preset convergence threshold, the expansion is stopped, and the current size is selected as the minimum coupled array size.

3. The method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering active phased array feed coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The equivalent coupling sources include array equivalent coupling sources, edge equivalent coupling sources, and gap equivalent coupling sources; in the feed source local coordinate system, array elements within the smallest coupling array size are classified and extracted according to their array positions to obtain each equivalent coupling source, including: Each array element located in the center column of the array within the minimum coupling array size is excited, and the corresponding three-dimensional electric field data is obtained through the full-wave algorithm to obtain the equivalent coupling source in the array; Each array element located in the leftmost and rightmost columns of the array within the minimum coupling array size is excited, and the corresponding three-dimensional electric field data is obtained through the full-wave algorithm to obtain the edge equivalent coupling source; For the array elements close to both sides of the mechanical seam within the minimum coupling array size, excitation is performed column by column in order from the column closest to the seam to the column furthest from the seam. The three-dimensional electric field data corresponding to each column is obtained by the full-wave algorithm to obtain the equivalent coupling source of the gap.

4. The method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering active phased array feed coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before calculating the total induced current of the reflecting surface based on the mapped array equivalent source using physical optics, the method further includes: In the global coordinate system, multiple candidate discretization accuracies are selected based on the wavelength. The electrical performance calculation gain under different candidate discretization accuracies is compared. When the electrical performance calculation gain reaches the gain loss convergence threshold, the candidate discretization accuracies corresponding to the electrical performance calculation gain are determined as the target discretization accuracies of the reflector. The reflector is then meshed based on the target discretization accuracies.

5. The method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering active phased array feed coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The Euler transformation of each equivalent source in the equivalent source model, based on the relative relationship between the global coordinate system and the feed source local coordinate system, includes: Based on the installation attitude tilt angle of each element in the global coordinate system, construct an Euler angle rotation matrix that includes pitch angle, yaw angle and roll angle; Based on the Euler angle rotation matrix, the spatial angles of each equivalent source in the equivalent source model are rotated, and the local electromagnetic propagation principal axis of the equivalent source is deflected to the true illumination direction in the global coordinate system, thus obtaining the transformed equivalent source.

6. The method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering active phased array feed coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of mapping the transformed equivalent source to the corresponding position of each element in the target array based on the actual position relationship of the phased array feed source, to obtain the mapped array equivalent source, includes: When the number of rows in the target array is not greater than twice the number of coupling influence layers of the minimum coupled array size, the column mapping index is determined according to the positional relationship of the column where the array element is located relative to the left edge, right edge and central region of the array, respectively. When the number of rows in the target array is greater than twice the number of coupling influence layers of the minimum coupled array size, the row mapping index is determined according to the positional relationship of the row where the array element is located relative to the top region, bottom region and center region of the array, respectively. For array elements in the mechanical seam area, the corresponding seam area column mapping index is determined based on the local column coordinates of the array element within its subarray module and its position relative to the left and right sides of the seam. Based on the column mapping index, the row mapping index, and the gap region column mapping index, a matching equivalent coupling source is determined among the equivalent coupling sources, and the equivalent coupling source is mapped to the array element at the corresponding position in the target array to obtain the mapped array equivalent source.

7. The method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering active phased array feed coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method based on physical optics, which calculates the total induced current of the reflecting surface based on the mapped array equivalent source, and calculates the far-field electric field of the antenna based on the total induced current, includes: For each element in the target array, the straight-line distance and unit direction vector from the element to each discrete point on the reflecting surface are calculated based on the absolute spatial coordinates of the element. Based on the straight-line distance, the unit direction vector, and the far-field data of the mapped array equivalent source, the incident electric field vector of each array element at each discrete point on the reflective surface is obtained, the incident magnetic field vector of each array element is calculated by spatial vector cross product, and the local induced current of each array element at each discrete point on the reflective surface is calculated based on physical optics. The local induced currents of each array element at the same discrete point on the reflective surface are vector-superimposed to obtain the total induced current of the reflective surface. The far-field electric field of the antenna is obtained by performing far-field integration on the total induced current.

8. A device for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the feed coupling of an active phased array, characterized in that, include: The coupling scale determination module is used to determine the minimum coupling array size based on the single-element gain and through iterative gain convergence. The equivalent source classification module is used to classify and extract array elements within the minimum coupling array size in the local coordinate system of the feed source according to the array position of the array element, so as to obtain each equivalent coupling source. The equivalent source modeling module is used to extract the three-dimensional electric field data of each of the equivalent coupled sources and establish an array element equivalent source model based on the three-dimensional electric field data. The equivalent source transformation module is used to perform Euler transformation on each equivalent source in the equivalent source model based on the relative relationship between the global coordinate system and the feed source local coordinate system, so that each equivalent source is transformed from the feed source local coordinate system to the global coordinate system, and the transformed equivalent source is obtained. The equivalent source mapping module is used to map the transformed equivalent source to the corresponding position of each array element in the target array based on the actual position relationship of the phased array feed source, so as to obtain the mapped array equivalent source. The electrical performance analysis module is used to calculate the total induced current of the reflector surface based on the mapped array equivalent source using physical optics, calculate the far-field electric field of the antenna based on the total induced current, extract the power radiation pattern of the far-field electric field in the electric field plane and the magnetic field plane as the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna system, and perform electrical performance analysis based on the far-field radiation pattern.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; The memory is used to store computer programs; When the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory, it implements the steps of the method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the coupling of an active phased array feed, as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for analyzing the electrical performance of a spaceborne antenna considering the coupling of an active phased array feed, as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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