Carbon fiber composite grounding body state monitoring method and system based on RFID

Abstract

The application discloses a carbon fiber composite grounding body state monitoring method and system based on RFID, and relates to the field of radio frequency identification technology, wherein the method comprises the following steps: transmitting a radio frequency excitation signal to a passive RFID tag through an RFID reader, generating an original radio frequency signal data set containing a tag identity and sensing modulation information; performing power harmonic interference filtering and time sequence alignment processing on the original radio frequency signal data set, generating a preprocessed radio frequency signal data set; performing tag identity decoding processing and sensing parameter demodulation processing on the preprocessed radio frequency signal data set, generating a tag sensing data set; based on a pre-stored grounding body unit identity mapping data set, performing identity matching association processing on the tag sensing data set, generating corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding body unit. The application can solve the technical problem that the detection signal transmission is difficult due to the deep underground burying of the regenerated carbon fiber composite grounding body array in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, and more specifically to a method and system for monitoring the status of carbon fiber composite grounding conductors based on RFID. Background Technology

[0002] The grounding system of transmission line towers is a critical infrastructure for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Its core function is to rapidly discharge lightning current and fault current to the ground, preventing line tripping and equipment damage. Traditional grounding systems generally use metal grounding materials such as flat steel, stainless steel, and copper-clad steel. However, these materials have inherent defects: First, they do not have a tight contact with the soil, resulting in high contact resistance. In areas with high soil resistivity, the laying length and the amount of resistance-reducing material need to be significantly increased. Second, they are susceptible to soil corrosion. Even with anti-corrosion coatings, pitting corrosion can occur due to construction wear and welding defects, leading to a gradual increase in grounding resistance over the years. Their service life is usually only 10-15 years, which is difficult to match the design life of transmission lines of more than 50 years.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes have emerged. In particular, recycled carbon fiber composite pointed metal mesh grounding electrodes, with a multi-pointed metal mesh as the conductive core, utilize recycled carbon fiber, recycled aggregate, and geopolymer cementitious materials to form the outer conductive structure. They possess advantages such as high conductivity, strong corrosion resistance, and low carbon footprint, exhibiting good adhesion to soil, effectively reducing contact resistance, and boasting a service life exceeding 50 years. This has become an important development direction for next-generation grounding materials. However, with the large-scale application of recycled carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes in transmission lines, the long-term online monitoring of their operational status has become a new technical bottleneck restricting the safe and stable operation of grounding systems.

[0004] Passive RFID technology, with its core characteristics such as requiring no external power supply, small size, long-term stable operation, and globally unique identification codes, provides an ideal technical path for the full life-cycle status monitoring of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes. On one hand, passive RFID tags do not require built-in batteries; they obtain energy by receiving the radio frequency field emitted by the ground reader, enabling self-powered operation and wireless transmission of sensor data. They can be directly encapsulated and pre-embedded inside the grounding electrode, fully meeting the monitoring requirements for over 50 years of maintenance-free operation. On the other hand, the unique identification code of each RFID tag can be bound one-to-one with a grounding electrode unit, providing a basic identification system for distributed independent monitoring and precise fault location of large-scale grounding electrode arrays. Simultaneously, the conductive curing layer of the carbon fiber composite grounding electrode has excellent penetration of ultra-high frequency radio frequency signals, preventing irreversible disruption to communication between the tag and the ground reader, thus laying the physical foundation for the wireless transmission of underground grounding electrode status parameters.

[0005] Although RFID technology has significant technical feasibility in the field of carbon fiber composite grounding electrode monitoring, existing related technical solutions still have many limitations and cannot be directly adapted to the actual monitoring needs of grounding electrode arrays.

[0006] Chinese patent document CN120935592A relates to the field of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, disclosing a method and device for measuring the temperature of power connection points based on RFID equipment. Through a multi-antenna collaborative transmission strategy and dynamic access processing scheme, it improves the reliability of temperature measurement data transmission under complex electromagnetic interference environments. Although this technology optimizes the processing flow of RFID signals in power electromagnetic environments, this scheme is only suitable for temperature monitoring of exposed power connection points such as ground switch cabinets and cable joints. It does not consider the attenuation and delay issues of RFID signals passing through multiple media such as conductive solidification layers and soil caused by deep burial of grounding electrodes, nor does it design a unique identification and state mapping mechanism for grounding electrode units, thus failing to achieve accurate zone detection and fault unit location for each grounding electrode within the array.

[0007] Chinese patent document CN108174361A relates to the field of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, disclosing a wireless sensor network for monitoring the health of power poles that integrates RFID sensing and WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) technologies. It employs a three-layer communication architecture: tower base-tower body, tower body, and tower-substation, embedding passive RFID sensor tags in the tower base to achieve underground structural health monitoring. While this technology is the first to apply passive RFID technology to underground power facility monitoring, solving the long-term power supply problem for underground monitoring nodes, the solution only monitors parameters such as temperature, humidity, and chloride ion content in the concrete tower base, without addressing the detection of two core operational indicators: the corrosion state of the grounding electrode and grounding resistance. Furthermore, the tower body WSN nodes still rely on solar power. In scenarios where the grounding electrode array is deeply buried underground, widely distributed, and numerous, the attenuation problem of RF signals penetrating the soil and conductive solidification layer remains unresolved, resulting in insufficient long-distance data transmission capability and preventing the realization of distributed, full-coverage monitoring of large-scale grounding electrode arrays.

[0008] In summary, existing technologies in the field of condition monitoring of recycled carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes have the following drawbacks: First, traditional wired monitoring solutions involve large amounts of excavation and are costly, while existing wireless monitoring solutions have not solved the problems of attenuation and delay of radio frequency signals when passing through multiple layers of media, limiting long-distance data transmission; Second, traditional monitoring equipment requires an external power supply or periodic battery replacement, resulting in high construction and subsequent maintenance costs and a high failure rate, making it difficult to meet the maintenance-free monitoring requirements for the entire life cycle of grounding electrodes exceeding 50 years; Third, it is impossible to uniquely identify and map the status of multiple grounding electrode units within the array, making it difficult to accurately detect the corrosion level and grounding resistance status of each unit in different zones, and impossible to quickly locate faulty units. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide an RFID-based method for monitoring the status of carbon fiber composite grounding electrodes, in order to solve the technical problem that the transmission of detection signals is difficult due to the deep burial of recycled carbon fiber composite grounding electrode arrays underground in the prior art.

[0010] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for monitoring the status of carbon fiber composite grounding conductors based on RFID, comprising: The RFID reader transmits radio frequency excitation signals to passive RFID tags within its radio frequency coverage area, receives radio frequency response signals returned by each passive RFID tag, and generates a raw radio frequency signal dataset containing tag identification and sensing modulation information. The RFID reader is located above the ground where a grounding array is deployed. The passive RFID tags are encapsulated and embedded inside each grounding unit of the grounding array, and integrate corrosion sensing and resistance sensing modules. The original radio frequency signal dataset is subjected to power frequency harmonic interference filtering and timing alignment processing to generate a preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset; The preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset is subjected to tag identity decoding and sensor parameter demodulation to generate a tag sensor dataset containing tag identity codes, corrosion sensor parameters, and resistance sensor parameters. Based on the pre-stored grounding body unit identity mapping dataset, identity matching and association processing is performed on the tag sensing dataset to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding body unit. After performing dimensional standardization on the corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters, they are transmitted to the back-end management platform via the network module for structured storage and display.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention employs passive RFID technology, enabling radio frequency signals to penetrate conductive solidification layers and soil media for wireless transmission. It eliminates electromagnetic interference in the power environment through power frequency harmonic interference filtering and addresses signal delay differences between tags at different burial depths through timing alignment processing, thereby improving the quality and reliability of underground signal transmission. The passive RFID tags require no built-in batteries, obtaining energy by receiving the radio frequency field emitted by ground readers, allowing for long-term stable operation in underground environments and meeting the monitoring requirements of grounding bodies for over 50 years of maintenance-free operation. Each passive RFID tag has a globally unique identification code, which is bound one-to-one with the grounding body unit during construction. Through identity matching and association processing, sensor data can be accurately mapped to each grounding body unit, enabling rapid location of faulty units. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method based on RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top sectional view of a carbon fiber composite grounding body according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front sectional view of a carbon fiber composite grounding body according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the carbon fiber composite grounding body according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the picture: 1. Connecting hole; 2. Multi-point metal mesh core; 3. Conductive curing layer. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are provided to better understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the preferred embodiments described. They do not constitute a limitation on the content and scope of protection of the present invention. Any product that is the same as or similar to the present invention, derived by any person under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0015] Example 1 like Figures 1-4 As shown, this invention provides a method for monitoring the status of carbon fiber composite grounding conductors based on RFID, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The RFID reader transmits radio frequency (RF) excitation signals to the passive RFID tags within its RF coverage area and receives the RF response signals returned by each passive RFID tag, generating a raw RF signal dataset containing tag identification and sensor modulation information. The RFID reader is located above the ground array, and the passive RFID tags are encapsulated and embedded within each grounding unit of the ground array, integrating corrosion sensing and resistance sensing modules. In practice, the RFID reader can be fixedly installed at a designated location above the ground array, or it can be a handheld RFID reader, vehicle-mounted RFID reader, or airborne RFID reader from an inspection drone. The RF transmission module inside the reader generates an RF carrier signal at a set frequency, which, after power amplification, is radiated into the ground through the transmitting antenna to form an RF excitation field. The passive RFID tags, encapsulated and embedded within the conductive curing layer of each grounding unit, receive the energy from the RF excitation field through their own antennas, converting it into DC voltage to power the corrosion sensing module, resistance sensing module, and control circuitry inside the tag. The corrosion sensing module collects corrosion rate parameters within the conductive cured layer, while the resistance sensing module collects grounding resistance parameters from the grounding electrode unit. The tag control circuit modulates its unique identifier along with the collected corrosion and resistance sensing parameters, loading this modulated signal onto a radio frequency carrier signal to form a radio frequency response signal. This signal is then transmitted back to the RFID reader via the tag antenna. The RFID reader's receiving antenna captures the radio frequency response signals returned by each tag, amplifies and mixes them, converting them into digital signals. These signals are then stored in chronological order of reception, generating a raw radio frequency signal dataset containing the tag's identifier and sensor modulation information.

[0016] The original RF signal dataset undergoes power frequency harmonic interference filtering and timing alignment processing to generate a preprocessed RF signal dataset. Specifically, the 50Hz power frequency current and its higher harmonics generated during power line operation radiate into the surrounding space, superimposing on the RFID RF signal and causing interference. Power frequency harmonic interference filtering can be performed on the original RF signal dataset to remove power frequency and harmonic components. Simultaneously, differences in the burial depth of different grounding units and the different placement positions of tags within the conductive curing layer lead to variations in the propagation delay of the RF signal from the tag to the reader. Timing alignment processing can be performed on the filtered signal to eliminate the delay differences between different tag signals. Finally, integrity verification can be performed on the aligned signal to remove invalid signals, generating the preprocessed RF signal dataset.

[0017] Step 2: Perform tag identity decoding and sensor parameter demodulation on the preprocessed RF signal dataset to generate a tag sensing dataset containing tag identity codes, erosion sensing parameters, and resistance sensing parameters. Specifically, the preprocessed RF signal dataset can be segmented into independent signal frames corresponding to each tag. Tag identity decoding can be performed on each independent signal frame to extract the tag's unique identity code. Demodulation can then be performed on the corresponding modulation segment in each independent signal frame to extract the erosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters. The tag identity code, the corresponding erosion sensing parameters, and the resistance sensing parameters are then associated and stored to generate the tag sensing dataset.

[0018] Step 3: Based on the pre-stored grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset, perform identity matching and association processing on the tag sensing dataset to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding electrode unit. Specifically, the pre-stored grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset stores a one-to-one correspondence between the identity code of each passive RFID tag and the corresponding grounding electrode unit number. This dataset is generated and encrypted during the construction and installation of the grounding electrode array. Extracting the tag identity code from the tag sensing dataset and matching it with the pre-stored identity mapping dataset establishes an association between the tag identity code and the grounding electrode unit number. Assigning the corrosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters from the tag sensing dataset to the corresponding grounding electrode units generates corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters for each grounding electrode unit.

[0019] Step 4: After performing dimensional standardization on the corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters, the data is transmitted to the backend management platform via a network module for structured storage and display. In practice, since the corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters have different dimensions and significantly different numerical ranges, dimensional standardization can be performed on both types of parameters separately, converting them into dimensionless parameters within a unified range. The standardized parameters are then associated and encapsulated with the monitoring time and reader device identifier, and transmitted to the backend management platform via a wired or wireless network module. The backend management platform parses the received data packets, and can structure and store the parsed state parameters according to the grounding electrode unit number and time dimension, displaying them through a visual interface.

[0020] Based on the above design, this invention designs a signal preprocessing flow adapted to the transmission characteristics of underground multi-layer media for carbon fiber composite grounding electrode arrays buried deep underground. It establishes a one-to-one mapping relationship between tag identity and grounding electrode unit, enabling distributed independent monitoring of underground grounding electrode arrays. This invention uses passive RFID tags that do not require any external power supply, solving the long-term power supply problem of underground monitoring nodes. It is suitable for grounding electrode array monitoring scenarios with wide distribution and large number of units. This invention can achieve full life cycle maintenance-free status monitoring of regenerated carbon fiber composite grounding electrode arrays. It can obtain the operating status data of each grounding electrode unit without excavating the ground, which can reduce the construction and operation and maintenance costs of the monitoring system and improve the safety and stability of the grounding system.

[0021] Optionally, the step of transmitting radio frequency excitation signals to passive RFID tags within its radio frequency coverage area via an RFID reader / writer, receiving radio frequency response signals returned by each passive RFID tag, and generating a raw radio frequency signal dataset containing tag identification and sensing modulation information includes: Step 11: Based on the partitioning information of the grounding array, perform partitioning processing on the radio frequency coverage area of ​​the RFID reader to generate a reader partitioning coverage set; Step 12: Based on the reader's partition coverage set, perform time-division polling scanning on the passive RFID tags in each partition, transmitting radio frequency excitation signals to the passive RFID tags in the currently scanned partition. In specific implementation, each partition in the reader's partition coverage set can be scanned sequentially according to a preset scanning order. When a partition is scanned, the RFID reader adjusts the beam direction of its transmitting antenna so that the radio frequency excitation field concentrates on covering the currently scanned partition, transmitting radio frequency excitation signals only to the passive RFID tags in the current partition. Tags in other partitions will not generate response signals because they are not within the effective excitation field range.

[0022] Step 13: Receive the radio frequency response signals returned by each passive RFID tag in the current scanning zone, and perform dynamic adjustment processing on the power of the radio frequency excitation signal for the next cycle based on the quality parameters of the radio frequency response signal of the previous cycle. Step 14: Integrate the RF response signals of all partitions to generate a raw RF signal dataset containing tag identification and sensor modulation information. In practice, after completing the time-division multiplexing scan of all partitions, the RF response signals received by each partition can be integrated according to the partition number and reception time order, and duplicate signal records can be removed to generate a raw RF signal dataset containing all tag identification and sensor modulation information of the entire grounding array.

[0023] Based on the above design, this invention employs a partitioning and time-division polling scanning method to divide a large-scale tag array into multiple smaller partitions for sequential scanning, effectively avoiding tag signal collision issues. Simultaneously, by dynamically adjusting the transmission power of the next cycle based on the signal quality parameters of the previous cycle, the overall power consumption of the reader can be reduced and its lifespan extended while ensuring signal reception quality. This invention can improve the reception success rate and decoding accuracy of RFID tag signals in large-scale grounding arrays, reduce the energy consumption of the monitoring system, and is suitable for monitoring scenarios of power transmission line tower grounding arrays with wide coverage and a large number of tags.

[0024] Preferably, the partitioning information based on the grounding array is used to perform partitioning processing on the radio frequency coverage area of ​​the RFID reader, generating a reader partitioning coverage set, including: Step 111: Obtain the planar layout coordinates of the grounding electrode array and the burial depth information of each grounding electrode unit. In specific implementation, during the construction and installation of the grounding electrode array, the planar layout coordinates of each grounding electrode unit can be measured using a global positioning system device, the burial depth of each grounding electrode unit can be recorded, and the planar coordinates and burial depth information of all grounding electrode units can be organized and stored to generate the planar layout coordinates and burial depth information of the grounding electrode array.

[0025] Step 112: Based on the maximum radio frequency coverage radius and signal attenuation coefficient of the RFID reader, perform grid division processing on the radio frequency coverage area to generate an initial set of partitions. Specifically, the maximum radio frequency coverage radius of the RFID reader refers to the maximum distance at which the reader can stably read tag signals in free space. The signal attenuation coefficient refers to the amount of signal attenuation per unit distance when the radio frequency signal propagates through soil and conductive solidified layers. Using the installation location of the RFID reader as the center, and according to a certain proportion of the maximum radio frequency coverage radius as the grid side length, divide the entire grounding array deployment area into square grids. Each grid serves as an initial partition, and all grids together constitute the initial set of partitions.

[0026] Step 113: Based on the planar layout coordinates of the grounding array and the burial depth information of each grounding unit, perform boundary adjustment processing on the initial partition set to ensure that the number of grounding units in each partition does not exceed a preset threshold, thus generating a reader partition coverage set. In practice, the number of grounding units in each initial partition can be counted, while also considering the impact of the burial depth of each grounding unit on the signal coverage range. For grounding units with larger burial depths, their corresponding effective signal coverage range is smaller, so the partition boundary of that area can be appropriately reduced; for grounding units with smaller burial depths, their corresponding effective signal coverage range is larger, so the partition boundary of that area can be appropriately expanded. By adjusting the boundaries of the initial partitions, the number of grounding units in each partition is ensured not to exceed a preset threshold, which is determined based on the single-cycle signal processing capability of the RFID reader. After adjustment, the final reader partition coverage set is generated.

[0027] Based on the above design, this invention combines the planar layout coordinate information and burial depth information of the grounding electrode unit to adjust the initial partition boundary, so that the number of grounding electrode units in each partition is controlled within a reasonable range, which can make full use of the signal processing capability of the RFID reader; the partitioning method of this invention is more in line with the actual signal propagation characteristics of the underground grounding electrode array, which can further reduce the probability of tag signal collision and improve the efficiency and quality of signal reception.

[0028] Preferably, receiving the radio frequency response signals returned by each passive RFID tag within the current scanning partition includes: Step 131: Simultaneously receive multiple radio frequency (RF) response signals returned by each passive RFID tag within the currently scanned zone using multiple sets of receiving antennas of the RFID reader / writer. In practice, at least two independent sets of receiving antennas can be configured on the RFID reader / writer, with each set of antennas spatially distributed at a certain angle to receive RF signals from different directions. When scanning the current zone, all receiving antennas are simultaneously operational, receiving the RF response signals returned by each passive RFID tag within the current zone, generating multiple independent RF response signals.

[0029] Step 132: Perform in-phase superposition and merging processing on the multiple RF response signals to generate a merged RF response signal. Specifically, phase detection can be performed on each of the multiple RF response signals to determine the phase offset of each signal. The phase of each signal is adjusted according to the phase offset to ensure phase consistency. The amplitudes of the phase-adjusted signals are then superimposed to generate the merged RF response signal. The amplitude of the merged RF response signal is greater than that of a single signal, thus improving signal strength.

[0030] Step 133: Perform envelope detection processing on the merged RF response signal to generate a baseband signal containing tag identification and sensor modulation information. Specifically, an envelope detection circuit can be used to process the merged RF response signal and extract the amplitude envelope of the RF signal. This amplitude envelope contains the tag's identification and sensor modulation information modulated on the RF carrier, which is the baseband signal. The generated baseband signal is converted into a digital signal and stored for subsequent signal processing.

[0031] Based on the above design, this invention uses multiple sets of receiving antennas to receive signals simultaneously and improves signal strength through in-phase superposition and merging processing. This can effectively improve the reception capability of weak signals, significantly improve the reception strength and signal-to-noise ratio of passive RFID tags buried deep underground, reduce the probability of signal loss, and improve the reliability of the monitoring system.

[0032] Preferably, the dynamic adjustment of the RF excitation signal power for the next cycle based on the RF response signal quality parameters of the previous cycle includes: Step 134: Extract the radio frequency response signal strength values ​​returned by all passive RFID tags in each partition in the previous cycle; In specific implementation, after scanning all partitions in the previous monitoring cycle, extract the radio frequency response signal strength values ​​returned by all tags in each partition from the stored original radio frequency signal dataset to generate a set of signal strength values ​​for each partition.

[0033] Step 135: Calculate the average RF response signal strength value of each partition, compare it with a preset signal strength threshold, and generate a power adjustment command. In practice, the arithmetic mean of the signal strength values ​​for each partition can be calculated to obtain the average RF response signal strength value for that partition. The average signal strength value of each partition is then compared with the preset lower and upper signal strength thresholds. If the average signal strength value of a partition is lower than the lower threshold, a power increase command is generated for that partition; if the average signal strength value of a partition is higher than the upper threshold, a power decrease command is generated for that partition; if the average signal strength value is between the upper and lower thresholds, no power adjustment command is generated.

[0034] Step 136: According to the power adjustment command, adjust the transmit power of the RF excitation signal of the corresponding partition in the next cycle by either increasing or decreasing it. Specifically, the gain of the internal power amplifier of the RFID reader can be adjusted according to the generated power adjustment command. For partitions that generate a power increase command, the gain of the power amplifier is increased during the next cycle when scanning that partition, thus increasing the transmit power of the RF excitation signal; for partitions that generate a power decrease command, the gain of the power amplifier is decreased during the next cycle when scanning that partition, thus decreasing the transmit power of the RF excitation signal.

[0035] Based on the above design, this invention dynamically adjusts the transmission power of the next cycle based on the signal quality parameters of the previous cycle. It can adapt to the signal propagation environment of different zones and minimize the transmission power of the reader while ensuring stable reception of tag signals in all zones. This reduces energy consumption and avoids interference from excessively high transmission power to other electronic devices in the vicinity.

[0036] Optionally, performing power frequency harmonic interference filtering and timing alignment processing on the original radio frequency signal dataset to generate a preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset includes: Step 21: Perform time-domain feature extraction processing on the original radio frequency signal dataset to generate an original signal time-domain feature set. Specifically, time-domain analysis can be performed on each signal segment in the original radio frequency signal dataset to extract time-domain feature parameters such as amplitude, frequency, phase, and duration. The time-domain feature parameters corresponding to each signal segment are then organized and stored to generate the original signal time-domain feature set.

[0037] Step 22: Based on the original signal time-domain feature set, perform power frequency harmonic interference filtering on the original radio frequency signal dataset to generate a filtered radio frequency signal dataset; Step 23: Perform timing alignment processing on the filtered RF signal dataset to generate an aligned RF signal dataset; Step 24: Perform integrity verification processing on the aligned RF signal dataset to generate a preprocessed RF signal dataset.

[0038] Based on the above design, this invention designs a complete preprocessing process including time-domain feature extraction, power frequency harmonic filtering, timing alignment, and integrity verification. This process can comprehensively improve signal quality, effectively eliminate power frequency harmonic interference in the power environment, solve the problem of signal delay differences between tags at different burial depths, eliminate invalid signals, and provide high-quality input signals for subsequent tag identification decoding and sensor parameter demodulation.

[0039] Preferably, the step of performing power frequency harmonic interference filtering processing on the original radio frequency signal dataset based on the original signal time-domain feature set to generate a filtered radio frequency signal dataset includes: Step 221: Extract the power frequency component features from the original signal time-domain feature set; in specific implementation, for example, if the power frequency of the transmission line is 50Hz, its harmonic components are integer multiples of 50Hz. From the original signal time-domain feature set, extract the signal amplitude and phase features corresponding to power frequencies such as 50Hz, 100Hz, and 150Hz and their harmonic frequencies to generate the power frequency component feature set.

[0040] Step 222: Based on the power frequency component characteristics, construct a multi-order adaptive notch filter; in specific implementation, the multi-order adaptive notch filter can simultaneously filter out interference signals of multiple frequencies. Based on the extracted power frequency component characteristics, determine the order of the notch filter and the center frequency of each notch point. Set the adaptive step size parameter of the filter so that the filter can automatically adjust the filtering parameters according to changes in the input signal, adapting to power frequency harmonic interference of different intensities.

[0041] Step 223: Perform power frequency harmonic component filtering on the original RF signal dataset using the multi-order adaptive notch filter to generate a filtered RF signal dataset. Specifically, the original RF signal dataset can be input into the constructed multi-order adaptive notch filter. The filter processes the input signal in real time, automatically tracking the frequency and amplitude changes of the power frequency and its harmonic components, and filtering out power frequency harmonic interference components in the signal. The filtered signal is then output, generating the filtered RF signal dataset.

[0042] Based on the above design, this invention employs a multi-order adaptive notch filter, which can simultaneously filter out multiple orders of power frequency harmonic interference and automatically adjust the filtering parameters according to changes in the interference signal. It can adapt to power frequency harmonic interference of different intensities and frequencies, effectively improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal.

[0043] Preferably, performing timing alignment processing on the filtered RF signal dataset to generate an aligned RF signal dataset includes: Step 231: Obtain the burial depth information of the grounding unit corresponding to each passive RFID tag, the tag's deployment thickness information within the conductive curing layer, and the radio frequency propagation speed of the conductive curing layer. In practice, the burial depth information of the grounding unit is recorded and stored during construction and installation. The tag's deployment thickness information within the conductive curing layer refers to the distance from the tag to the outer surface of the conductive curing layer; this information is recorded and stored during the grounding electrode production process. The radio frequency propagation speed of the conductive curing layer refers to the propagation speed of the radio frequency signal in the conductive curing layer medium; this parameter is determined through laboratory testing and is related to the composition and density of the conductive curing layer.

[0044] Step 232: Calculate the first theoretical time delay of the tag in the conductive curing layer based on the tag thickness information and the radio frequency propagation speed of the conductive curing layer. In specific implementation, the tag thickness information inside the conductive curing layer can be divided by the radio frequency propagation speed of the conductive curing layer to obtain the time required for the radio frequency signal to propagate from the tag to the outer surface of the conductive curing layer, which is the first theoretical time delay.

[0045] Step 233: Based on the burial depth information of the grounding electrode unit and the propagation speed of the radio frequency signal in the soil, calculate the second theoretical time delay of the tag transmission in the soil after it has penetrated and solidified. In practice, the propagation speed of the radio frequency signal in the soil is determined through field testing and is related to the resistivity and humidity of the soil. Dividing the burial depth information of the grounding electrode unit by the propagation speed of the radio frequency signal in the soil yields the time required for the radio frequency signal to propagate from the outer surface of the conductive solidified layer to the ground RFID reader, which is the second theoretical time delay.

[0046] Step 234: Superimpose the first theoretical delay and the second theoretical delay to generate the total theoretical delay of the radio frequency response signal for each passive RFID tag; in specific implementation, the first theoretical delay and the second theoretical delay corresponding to each tag can be added together to obtain the total propagation time of the radio frequency signal from the tag to the reader, which is the total theoretical delay of the radio frequency response signal of the tag.

[0047] Step 235: Based on the theoretical time delay of the total radio frequency response signal of each passive RFID tag, perform time delay compensation processing on the filtered radio frequency signal dataset to generate an aligned radio frequency signal dataset. Specifically, for each tag signal in the filtered radio frequency signal dataset, the corresponding total theoretical time delay can be shifted forward by a corresponding amount of time on the time axis to eliminate the signal propagation delay. After time delay compensation, all tag signals are aligned on the time axis, generating the aligned radio frequency signal dataset.

[0048] Based on the above design, this invention calculates the propagation delay of the signal in the conductive solidification layer and the soil respectively, and superimposes them to obtain the total theoretical delay. Based on the total delay, timing alignment processing is performed, which can accurately compensate for the propagation delay of the underground tag signal, realize the precise alignment of tag signals at different burial depths and deployment locations, and avoid signal frame segmentation errors and decoding errors caused by delay differences.

[0049] Further, the step of superimposing the first theoretical delay and the second theoretical delay to generate the total theoretical delay of the radio frequency response signal for each passive RFID tag includes: Step 2341: Obtain the RF attenuation coefficient of the conductive curing layer, the RF attenuation coefficient of the soil, the rated transmit power of the RFID reader, and the minimum receive power threshold of the passive RFID tag. In practice, the RF attenuation coefficients of the conductive curing layer and the soil are determined through laboratory and field tests, respectively representing the signal attenuation per unit distance propagated in the conductive curing layer and soil. The rated transmit power of the RFID reader refers to the maximum RF power that the reader can output. The minimum receive power threshold of the passive RFID tag refers to the minimum RF signal power required for the tag to function properly.

[0050] Step 2342: Calculate the radio frequency signal attenuation correction coefficient based on the radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the conductive curing layer, the thickness of the tag within the conductive curing layer, the radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the soil, the burial depth of the grounding unit, the rated transmit power of the RFID reader, and the minimum receive power threshold of the passive RFID tag. Specifically, the total signal attenuation in the conductive curing layer can be calculated based on the radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the conductive curing layer and the thickness of the tag within the conductive curing layer; the total signal attenuation in the soil can be calculated based on the radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the soil and the burial depth of the grounding unit. The total attenuation of the two layers is added together to obtain the total attenuation of the radio frequency signal from the reader to the tag. Combining the rated transmit power of the reader and the minimum receive power threshold of the tag, the radio frequency signal attenuation correction coefficient is calculated. This coefficient reflects the degree of influence of signal attenuation on propagation delay.

[0051] Step 2343: Based on the radio frequency signal attenuation correction coefficient, perform correction processing on the superposition result of the first theoretical delay and the second theoretical delay to generate the total theoretical delay of the radio frequency response signal for each passive RFID tag. In specific implementation, the superposition result of the first theoretical delay and the second theoretical delay can be multiplied by the radio frequency signal attenuation correction coefficient to obtain the corrected theoretical delay of the total radio frequency response signal. This corrected delay is more consistent with the actual signal propagation situation.

[0052] Step 2344: Based on the theoretical time delay of the total radio frequency response signal of each passive RFID tag, perform time delay compensation processing on the filtered radio frequency signal dataset to generate an aligned radio frequency signal dataset. In specific implementation, time delay compensation processing can be performed on each tag signal in the filtered radio frequency signal dataset according to the corrected theoretical time delay of the total radio frequency response signal, so that all tag signals are aligned on the time axis to generate an aligned radio frequency signal dataset.

[0053] Based on the above design, this invention introduces a radio frequency signal attenuation correction coefficient to correct the theoretical delay, which can more accurately calculate the actual propagation delay of the underground tag signal, further improve the accuracy of timing alignment, reduce signal processing errors caused by delay calculation deviations, and improve the reliability of the system.

[0054] Furthermore, the theoretical delay of the total radio frequency response signal of the passive RFID tag is calculated based on the following formula:

[0055] In the formula, This represents the theoretical delay of the total radio frequency response signal of each passive RFID tag, in seconds. This indicates the thickness of the label within the conductive curing layer, in meters. This indicates the radio frequency propagation speed of the conductive cured layer, in meters per second. This indicates the burial depth information of the grounding electrode unit, in meters; This indicates the speed at which radio frequency signals propagate in the soil, measured in meters per second. This represents the attenuation-delay coupling coefficient, which can range from 0.05 to 0.15. It is used to characterize the nonlinear coupling relationship between the signal attenuation and propagation delay when the radio frequency signal propagates in a conductive medium. This coefficient is a parameter specific to buried RFID monitoring scenarios and can be ignored in ground RFID applications. This represents the radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the conductive curing layer, expressed in dB / m. This represents the radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the soil, expressed in dB / m. This indicates the rated transmission power of the RFID reader / writer, in dBm. This indicates the minimum receive power threshold for passive RFID tags, measured in dBm.

[0056] Based on the above design, this invention introduces an attenuation-delay coupling coefficient, which can establish a quantitative relationship between signal attenuation and delay, more accurately calculate the total propagation delay of underground tag signals, conform to the actual signal propagation characteristics of underground multi-layer media, provide a more accurate basis for timing alignment processing, and further improve the accuracy of signal processing.

[0057] Preferably, the step of performing integrity verification processing on the aligned RF signal dataset to generate a preprocessed RF signal dataset includes: Step 241: Calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each RF response signal in the aligned RF signal dataset. Specifically, for each RF response signal in the aligned RF signal dataset, extract the effective signal component and the noise component. The effective signal component refers to the signal portion containing tag identification and sensor modulation information, while the noise component refers to other interference components in the signal besides the effective signal. The ratio of the power of the effective signal component to the power of the noise component is the SNR of the RF response signal.

[0058] Step 242: Compare the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each RF response signal with a preset SNR threshold to generate an SNR verification result. Specifically, the preset SNR threshold can be the lowest SNR that ensures accurate tag identification decoding and sensor parameter demodulation. Compare the SNR of each RF response signal with the preset SNR threshold. If the SNR is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, a qualified verification result is generated for that signal; if the SNR is less than the preset threshold, an unqualified verification result is generated for that signal.

[0059] Step 243: Based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) verification results, remove RF response signals with SNR lower than a preset SNR threshold to generate a preprocessed RF signal dataset. In practice, based on the SNR verification results, all RF response signals that generate unqualified verification results can be removed from the aligned RF signal dataset. All RF response signals that generate qualified verification results are retained to generate the preprocessed RF signal dataset.

[0060] Based on the above design, this invention adds a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) verification step to eliminate invalid signals with low SNR, which can improve the accuracy of subsequent processing, further improve the quality of the preprocessed signal, reduce the occurrence of decoding and demodulation errors, and improve the reliability of monitoring data.

[0061] Optionally, the step of performing tag identity decoding processing and sensor parameter demodulation processing on the preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset to generate a tag sensing dataset containing tag identity codes, erosion sensing parameters, and resistance sensing parameters includes: Step 31: Perform signal frame segmentation processing on the preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset to generate a set of tag-independent signal frames; Step 32: Perform tag identity decoding processing on the set of tag-independent signal frames to generate a set of tag identity codes; Step 33: Based on the tag identity code set, perform erosion sensing parameter demodulation processing and resistance sensing parameter demodulation processing on the tag independent signal frame set to generate erosion sensing parameter set and resistance sensing parameter set. Step 34: Integrate the tag identification code set, the corrosion sensing parameter set, and the resistance sensing parameter set to generate a tag sensing dataset. In practice, each tag identification code can be associated with its corresponding corrosion sensing parameter and resistance sensing parameter to form a complete tag sensing data record. All tag sensing data records are then organized and stored to generate a tag sensing dataset.

[0062] Based on the above design, this invention can simultaneously acquire two core operating parameters of the grounding body unit: corrosion status and grounding resistance status, comprehensively reflecting the operating status of the grounding body and providing more sufficient data support for the maintenance of the grounding system.

[0063] Preferably, performing signal frame segmentation processing on the preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset to generate a tag-independent signal frame set includes: Step 311: Extract the preamble features from the preprocessed RFID signal dataset. Specifically, each passive RFID tag's signal frame begins with a preamble in a fixed format, with a specific code pattern and length. A sliding window analysis is performed on the preprocessed RFID signal dataset to extract signal segments matching the preset preamble code pattern, thus identifying the preamble's features.

[0064] Step 312: Based on the preamble features, perform frame start point localization processing on the preprocessed RF signal dataset to generate a set of frame start point coordinates. Specifically, the end position of each preamble is the start position of the corresponding signal frame. The position of each preamble in the preprocessed RF signal dataset can be determined based on the extracted preamble features, thereby determining the start point coordinates of each signal frame. The start point coordinates of all signal frames are then organized and stored to generate a set of frame start point coordinates.

[0065] Step 313: Based on the set of frame start point coordinates and the preset frame length, perform signal frame segmentation processing on the preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset to generate a set of tag-independent signal frames. Specifically, the preset frame length refers to the standard length of each tag signal frame, which is determined by the tag's communication protocol. A signal segment of the preset length can be extracted from the start point coordinates of each frame, thus forming an independent tag signal frame. All extracted signal frames are then organized and stored to generate a set of tag-independent signal frames.

[0066] Based on the above design, this invention locates the start point of a frame based on preamble features. The preamble has a fixed code pattern, resulting in higher recognition accuracy. It can accurately identify the start position of a signal frame in environments with low signal-to-noise ratios, thereby improving the accuracy of signal frame segmentation and reducing missed and incorrect segmentation.

[0067] Preferably, performing tag identity decoding processing on the tag-independent signal frame set to generate a tag identity encoding set includes: Step 321: Perform Manchester decoding on the set of tag-independent signal frames to generate an initial tag identity code set. Specifically, the tag identity codes can be modulated into the signal frames using Manchester encoding. Manchester decoding is performed on the identity code segment in each tag-independent signal frame to convert the encoded signal into a binary digital sequence, which is the initial tag identity code. All initial tag identity codes are then organized and stored to generate an initial tag identity code set.

[0068] Step 322: Perform Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) processing on the initial tag identity code set to generate a check result set. Specifically, a CRC check code is appended to the end of each tag identity code. CRC calculation is performed on each initial tag identity code, and the calculated check code is compared with the check code appended to the signal frame. If they match, a pass result is generated; otherwise, a failure result is generated. All check results are organized and stored to generate a check result set.

[0069] Step 323: Based on the verification result set, remove the initial tag identity codes that failed verification to generate a tag identity code set. In specific implementation, all initial tag identity codes that generated verification failures can be removed from the initial tag identity code set. All initial tag identity codes that generated verification successes are retained to generate the tag identity code set.

[0070] Based on the above design, this invention adds a cyclic redundancy check step, which can detect erroneous codes generated during the decoding process, effectively eliminate erroneous tag identification codes, improve the accuracy of identification codes, and avoid incorrect association between sensor data and grounding units caused by identification code errors.

[0071] Preferably, the step of performing erosion sensing parameter demodulation processing and resistance sensing parameter demodulation processing on the tag-independent signal frame set based on the tag identity encoding set to generate an erosion sensing parameter set and a resistance sensing parameter set includes: Step 331: Extract the corrosion sensing modulation segment signal from the tag-independent signal frame set, and perform amplitude demodulation processing on the corrosion sensing modulation segment signal to generate a corrosion sensing parameter set. Specifically, the corrosion sensing parameters can be loaded into the corrosion sensing modulation segment of the signal frame using amplitude modulation. Extract the corrosion sensing modulation segment signal from each tag-independent signal frame, perform amplitude demodulation processing on this segment signal, and extract the amplitude change information of the signal. Convert the amplitude change information into corresponding corrosion sensing parameters to generate a corrosion sensing parameter set.

[0072] Step 332: Extract the resistance sensing modulation segment signal from the tag-independent signal frame set, and perform frequency demodulation processing on the resistance sensing modulation segment signal to generate a resistance sensing parameter set. Specifically, the grounding resistance sensing parameters can be loaded into the resistance sensing modulation segment of the signal frame using frequency modulation. Extract the resistance sensing modulation segment signal from each tag-independent signal frame, perform frequency demodulation processing on this segment signal, and extract the frequency change information of the signal. Convert the frequency change information into corresponding grounding resistance sensing parameters to generate a resistance sensing parameter set.

[0073] Based on the above design, this invention adopts two different modulation methods, amplitude modulation and frequency modulation, to address the different characteristics of corrosion sensing parameters and grounding resistance sensing parameters. This improves the accuracy and reliability of parameter transmission, enables the simultaneous and accurate transmission of two different types of sensing parameters, comprehensively reflects the operating status of the grounding body, and enhances the performance of the monitoring system.

[0074] Optionally, based on the pre-stored grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset, identity matching and association processing is performed on the tag sensing dataset to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding electrode unit, including: Step 41: Load the pre-stored grounding unit identity mapping dataset to generate the loaded grounding unit identity mapping dataset; Step 42: Perform tag identity code extraction processing on the tag sensing dataset to generate a set of tag identity codes to be matched; in specific implementation, all tag identity codes can be extracted from the tag sensing dataset, duplicate identity codes can be removed, and a set of tag identity codes to be matched can be generated.

[0075] Step 43: Based on the loaded grounding unit identity mapping dataset, perform identity matching and association processing on the set of tag identity codes to be matched to generate a tag-grounding unit association set; Step 44: Based on the tag-grounding body unit association set, perform mapping and allocation processing on the corrosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters in the tag sensing dataset to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding body unit.

[0076] Based on the above design, this invention can establish a one-to-one correspondence between tag identities and grounding units through a pre-stored identity mapping dataset, accurately allocate sensor data to each grounding unit, realize independent monitoring of each unit in the grounding array, quickly locate grounding units with corrosion or abnormal grounding resistance, and improve the efficiency and targeting of grounding system maintenance.

[0077] Preferably, the loading of the pre-stored grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset to generate the loaded grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset includes: Step 411: Obtain the construction and installation record information of the grounding electrode array; In specific implementation, during the construction and installation of the grounding electrode array, the number, installation location, burial depth, and identification code of the passive RFID tag encapsulated inside each grounding electrode unit can be recorded to generate the construction and installation record information of the grounding electrode array.

[0078] Step 412: Perform tag identification code and grounding electrode unit number association binding processing on the construction and installation record information of the grounding electrode array to generate an initial grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset. In specific implementation, the number of each grounding electrode unit and the identification code of the corresponding tag can be extracted from the construction and installation record information, and the two can be associated and bound one by one to form an identity mapping record. All identity mapping records are sorted and stored to generate the initial grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset.

[0079] Step 413: Perform encryption storage processing on the initial grounding unit identity mapping dataset to generate a pre-stored grounding unit identity mapping dataset. In specific implementation, a symmetric encryption algorithm can be used to encrypt the initial grounding unit identity mapping dataset, and the encrypted dataset can be stored in the local storage medium of the RFID reader and the database of the background management platform to generate a pre-stored grounding unit identity mapping dataset.

[0080] Based on the above design, this invention can complete the association and binding of tag identity with grounding unit during the construction and installation stage, and encrypt and store the mapping data to ensure the accuracy and security of the identity mapping relationship. This ensures the correctness of identity matching and association processing, prevents identity mapping data from being illegally tampered with, and improves the security and reliability of the monitoring system.

[0081] Preferably, the step of performing identity matching and association processing on the set of tag identity codes to be matched based on the loaded grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset to generate a tag-grounding electrode unit association set includes: Step 431: Perform duplicate code verification processing on the set of identity codes to be matched to generate a duplicate code verification result set. In specific implementation, all identity codes in the set of identity codes to be matched can be traversed and compared to identify duplicate identity codes that appear more than once. A duplicate tag is generated for each duplicate identity code, and a unique tag is generated for each unique identity code, thus generating a duplicate code verification result set.

[0082] Step 432: Based on the duplicate code verification result set, remove duplicate tag identity codes from the set of tag identity codes to be matched to generate a deduplicated set of tag identity codes to be matched. In specific implementation, based on the duplicate code verification result set, remove all identity codes marked as duplicates from the set of tag identity codes to be matched. Retain all identity codes marked as unique to generate a deduplicated set of tag identity codes to be matched.

[0083] Step 433: Based on the loaded grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset, perform precise matching processing on the deduplicated tag identity code set to be matched to generate a tag-grounding electrode unit association set. Specifically, each identity code in the deduplicated tag identity code set to be matched can be precisely matched with the identity codes in the loaded grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset. If a completely matching identity code is found, an association is established between that tag identity code and the corresponding grounding electrode unit number. All successfully matched associations are organized and stored to generate a tag-grounding electrode unit association set.

[0084] Based on the above design, this invention adds a duplicate encoding verification and deduplication process, which can avoid the interference of duplicate encoding on the matching process, improve the efficiency and correctness of identity matching, avoid matching errors caused by duplicate encoding, and ensure the correct association between sensor data and grounding unit.

[0085] Preferably, the step of performing a mapping and allocation process on the corrosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters in the tag sensing dataset based on the tag-grounding electrode unit association set to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding electrode unit includes: Step 441: Perform unmatched tag identity code identification processing on the tag-grounding electrode unit association set to generate an unmatched tag identity code set. Specifically, the set of tag identity codes to be matched can be compared with the tag identity codes in the tag-grounding electrode unit association set to identify tag identity codes that do not exist in the association set; these codes are the unmatched tag identity codes. All unmatched tag identity codes are then organized and stored to generate the unmatched tag identity code set.

[0086] Step 442: Based on the set of unmatched tag identification codes, perform unmatched marking processing on the corrosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters of the corresponding tags in the tag sensing dataset to generate a marked tag sensing dataset. Specifically, in the tag sensing dataset, find the sensing data records corresponding to the unmatched tag identification codes and add unmatched tags to these records. After adding the tags, the marked tag sensing dataset is generated.

[0087] Step 443: Based on the tag-grounding electrode unit association set, perform mapping and allocation processing on the corrosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters in the tagged tag sensing dataset to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding electrode unit. Specifically, according to the tag-grounding electrode unit association set, sensing data in the tagged tag sensing dataset that has not been marked with a mismatched tag can be allocated to the corresponding grounding electrode unit to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding electrode unit. Sensing data with mismatched tags is stored separately and an error message is displayed.

[0088] Based on the above design, the present invention can identify unmatched tag identity codes and mark them without affecting the matching process of other normal codes, thus ensuring the continuity and stability of identity matching processing. At the same time, it can promptly detect abnormal tag identity codes, facilitating troubleshooting and maintenance.

[0089] Optionally, after performing dimensional standardization on the corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters, the data is transmitted to the backend management platform via a network module for structured storage and display, including: Step 51: Perform dimensional standardization on the corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters to generate a standardized state parameter dataset; Step 52: Perform data encapsulation processing on the standardized state parameter dataset to generate encapsulated state data packets; Step 53: The encapsulated status data packet is transmitted to the backend management platform via the network module. The backend management platform then performs parsing processing on the encapsulated status data packet to generate a parsed status parameter dataset. In specific implementations, the RFID reader can send the encapsulated status data packet to the backend management platform via a wired or wireless network module. After receiving the data packet, the backend management platform parses the data packet according to a preset communication protocol format, extracting standardized status parameters, monitoring time, reader device identification, and other information to generate a parsed status parameter dataset.

[0090] Step 54: Perform structured storage and visualization processing on the parsed state parameter dataset.

[0091] Based on the above design, this invention performs dimensional standardization processing on the status parameters, converting parameters with different dimensions into dimensionless parameters within a unified range. This facilitates the storage, processing, and display in the background, improves the processing efficiency and display effect of monitoring data, and provides maintenance personnel with a more intuitive and convenient way to view the status.

[0092] Preferably, the step of performing dimensional standardization on the corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters to generate a standardized state parameter dataset includes: Step 511: Extract the corrosion dimension reference value corresponding to the corrosion state parameter and the resistance dimension reference value corresponding to the grounding resistance state parameter; in specific implementation, the corrosion dimension reference value refers to the maximum allowable corrosion rate of the grounding electrode unit, which is determined according to the design life and material properties of the grounding electrode.

[0093] Step 512: Based on the corrosion dimension reference value, perform normalization processing on the corrosion state parameters to generate a standardized corrosion state parameter set. Specifically, each corrosion state parameter value can be divided by the corrosion dimension reference value to obtain the standardized corrosion state parameters. The standardized corrosion state parameters range from 0 to 1, with larger values ​​indicating more severe corrosion. All standardized corrosion state parameters are then organized and stored to generate a standardized corrosion state parameter set.

[0094] Step 513: Based on the resistance dimension reference value, perform normalization processing on the grounding resistance state parameters to generate a standardized grounding resistance state parameter set. Specifically, each grounding resistance state parameter value can be divided by the resistance dimension reference value to obtain the standardized grounding resistance state parameters. The standardized grounding resistance state parameters range from 0 to 1, with larger values ​​indicating larger grounding resistance. All standardized grounding resistance state parameters are organized and stored to generate a standardized grounding resistance state parameter set.

[0095] Step 514: Integrate the standardized corrosion state parameter set and the standardized grounding resistance state parameter set to generate a standardized state parameter dataset. In practice, the standardized corrosion state parameters and standardized grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding electrode unit can be associated to form a standardized state parameter record. All standardized state parameter records are then organized and stored to generate a standardized state parameter dataset.

[0096] Based on the above design, this invention adopts a normalization method to convert corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters into dimensionless parameters with the same value range. This can intuitively reflect the degree of abnormality of each parameter, making it easier for maintenance personnel to quickly judge the operating status of the grounding unit, detect abnormalities in a timely manner, and improve the efficiency of grounding system maintenance.

[0097] Preferably, the step of performing data encapsulation processing on the standardized state parameter dataset to generate an encapsulated state data packet includes: Step 521: Obtain the timestamp information for the current monitoring period and the device identification information of the RFID reader / writer. In practice, the timestamp information for the current monitoring period refers to the start time of this monitoring session, provided by the real-time clock module of the RFID reader / writer. The device identification information of the RFID reader / writer refers to the unique number of each reader / writer, used to distinguish different monitoring stations.

[0098] Step 522: Perform association binding processing on the timestamp information, the RFID reader / writer device identification information, and the standardized status parameter dataset to generate an associated status parameter dataset. Specifically, the timestamp information and reader / writer device identification information can be added to each standardized status parameter record, ensuring that each record contains the monitoring time, monitoring site, and corresponding status parameter information. All records with added association information are then organized and stored to generate the associated status parameter dataset.

[0099] Step 523: Perform lossless data compression on the associated state parameter dataset to generate a compressed state parameter dataset. Specifically, a lossless data compression algorithm can be used to compress the associated state parameter dataset, reducing data size and improving network transmission efficiency. No data information is lost during compression, ensuring data integrity.

[0100] Step 524: Perform Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) addition processing on the compressed state parameter dataset to generate an encapsulated state data packet. Specifically, the CRC of the compressed state parameter dataset can be calculated and added to the end of the compressed data. The compressed data and CRC are then encapsulated into a fixed-format data packet according to a preset communication protocol format to generate the encapsulated state data packet.

[0101] Based on the above design, this invention adds lossless data compression and cyclic redundancy check, which can improve data transmission efficiency, ensure the correctness of data transmission, reduce the amount of data transmitted over the network, improve transmission efficiency, and detect data errors generated during transmission, thus ensuring the integrity and correctness of monitoring data.

[0102] Preferably, the step of performing structured storage and visualization processing on the parsed state parameter dataset includes: Step 541: Based on the numbering information of the grounding electrode units, perform classification processing on the parsed state parameter dataset to generate a state parameter set classified by grounding electrode unit. In specific implementation, the parsed state parameter dataset contains state parameter records of multiple grounding electrode units. All state parameter records can be classified according to the grounding electrode unit number, with each grounding electrode unit corresponding to a state parameter record set.

[0103] Step 542: Sort the state parameter set categorized by grounding electrode unit in ascending order according to the time dimension to generate a time-series state parameter set. Specifically, for each grounding electrode unit, the state parameter record set can be sorted in ascending order according to the monitoring time to generate the time-series state parameter record for that grounding electrode unit. All time-series state parameter records for all grounding electrode units are then organized and stored to generate the time-series state parameter set.

[0104] Step 543: Store the time-series state parameter set in the relational database of the backend management platform. Specifically, a grounding electrode state parameter table can be created in the relational database of the backend management platform. This table includes fields such as grounding electrode unit number, monitoring time, standardized corrosion state parameters, standardized grounding resistance state parameters, and reader / writer device identifier. Each record in the time-series state parameter set is then inserted into the corresponding database table to complete the structured storage of the data.

[0105] Step 544: Based on the aforementioned time-series status parameter set, generate a two-dimensional distribution display interface for the grounding electrode array status. In specific implementation, the location of each grounding electrode unit can be marked on an electronic map according to the planar layout coordinates of the grounding electrode array. Different colors are used to represent the operating status of each grounding electrode unit based on its latest time-series status parameters. This generates a two-dimensional distribution display interface for the grounding electrode array status, allowing maintenance personnel to intuitively view the distribution of the entire grounding electrode array's operating status.

[0106] Based on the above design, this invention generates a two-dimensional distribution display interface for the status of the grounding electrode array. It can intuitively display the operating status and location information of each grounding electrode unit in the form of a map, which can help maintenance personnel quickly grasp the operating status of the entire grounding electrode array, promptly detect abnormal areas, and improve the intuitiveness and efficiency of grounding system maintenance.

[0107] Example 2 Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides an RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode condition monitoring system, comprising: A passive RFID tag array contains multiple passive RFID tags. Each passive RFID tag is encapsulated and embedded inside each grounding unit of the grounding array. Each passive RFID tag integrates a corrosion sensing module and a resistance sensing module. An RFID reader is located above a ground array and is used to transmit radio frequency excitation signals to passive RFID tags within its radio frequency coverage area, receive radio frequency response signals returned by each passive RFID tag, and generate a raw radio frequency signal dataset containing tag identification and sensing modulation information. The signal preprocessing module is communicatively connected to the RFID reader / writer and is used to perform power frequency harmonic interference filtering and timing alignment processing on the original radio frequency signal dataset to generate a preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset. The tag decoding and parameter demodulation module is communicatively connected to the signal preprocessing module and is used to perform tag identity decoding and sensor parameter demodulation on the preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset to generate a tag sensing dataset containing tag identity codes, corrosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters. The identity matching and state generation module is communicatively connected to the tag decoding and parameter demodulation module. It is used to perform identity matching and association processing on the tag sensing dataset based on the pre-stored grounding body unit identity mapping dataset to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding body unit. The data standardization and transmission module is communicatively connected to the identity matching and state generation module. It is used to perform dimensional standardization processing on the corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters, generate a standardized state parameter dataset, and transmit the standardized state parameter dataset to the back-end management platform through the network module.

[0108] In practice, multiple independent recycled carbon fiber composite pointed metal mesh grounding electrode units are buried in the soil under power equipment such as transmission towers / substations, according to a predetermined spacing and planar arrangement. Each grounding electrode unit is electrically interconnected through the grounding main material to form a grid-like / row-like large-scale grounding network. The entire buried grounding device is collectively referred to as the grounding electrode array.

[0109] The passive RFID tag array comprises multiple passive RFID tags, each corresponding to a grounding unit. The tags are encapsulated in waterproof and corrosion-resistant materials and embedded within the conductive curing layer of the grounding unit. Each tag integrates a corrosion sensing module and a resistance sensing module. The corrosion sensing module uses an electrochemical corrosion sensor to detect the corrosion rate within the conductive curing layer; the resistance sensing module employs a four-terminal measurement method to accurately measure the grounding resistance of the grounding unit.

[0110] An RFID reader consists of a power module, an RF transmitting module, an RF receiving module, a signal processing module, and a control module. The RF transmitting module generates an RF excitation signal, which is radiated into the ground through a transmitting antenna; the RF receiving module receives the RF response signal returned by the tag; the signal processing module performs preliminary processing on the received signal; and the control module coordinates the work of each module and executes control logic such as zone scanning and power adjustment.

[0111] The signal preprocessing module communicates with the RFID reader and receives the raw radio frequency signal dataset output by the reader. Internally, the signal preprocessing module includes a power frequency harmonic filtering unit, a timing alignment unit, and an integrity verification unit, which respectively perform power frequency harmonic interference filtering, timing alignment, and integrity verification to generate a preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset.

[0112] The tag decoding and parameter demodulation module is communicatively connected to the signal preprocessing module and receives the preprocessed RF signal dataset. Internally, the module includes a signal frame segmentation unit, an identity decoding unit, an erosion parameter demodulation unit, and a resistance parameter demodulation unit, which respectively perform signal frame segmentation, tag identity decoding, erosion sensing parameter demodulation, and resistance sensing parameter demodulation processing to generate the tag sensing dataset.

[0113] The identity matching and status generation module communicates with the tag decoding and parameter demodulation module to receive tag sensing datasets. Internally, the module includes an identity mapping loading unit, an identity matching unit, and a status parameter allocation unit, which respectively perform identity mapping dataset loading, tag identity matching with grounding body units, and status parameter allocation processing, generating corrosion status parameters and grounding resistance status parameters corresponding to each grounding body unit.

[0114] The data standardization and transmission module communicates with the identity matching and state generation module, receiving corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters. Internally, the module includes a dimensional standardization unit, a data encapsulation unit, and a network transmission unit, which respectively perform dimensional standardization, data encapsulation, and network transmission processing, transmitting the standardized state parameter dataset to the backend management platform.

[0115] Based on the above design, the system of this invention integrates two sensing functions: corrosion sensing and resistance sensing. It has designed a signal processing flow adapted to the signal transmission characteristics of underground multi-layer media and established an identity mapping mechanism between tags and grounding electrode units. This enables maintenance-free status monitoring of the entire life cycle of the regenerated carbon fiber composite grounding electrode array, comprehensively acquiring the operating status data of each grounding electrode unit, and providing a guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the grounding system.

[0116] Optionally, the passive RFID tag is encapsulated and embedded inside the conductive curing layer of the grounding body unit. The conductive curing layer 3 is formed by composite curing of recycled carbon fiber, recycled aggregate, geopolymer cementitious material, silica fume and water-soluble conductive liquid, and is wrapped around the outer surface of the multi-point metal mesh core 2. A connection hole 1 is provided in the middle of the multi-point metal mesh core 2, and the connection hole 1 is used to connect the grounding main material.

[0117] Based on the above design, the conductive curing layer 3 of the present invention is formed by composite curing of recycled carbon fiber, recycled aggregate, geopolymer cementitious material, etc., and is wrapped on the outer surface of the multi-point metal mesh core 2. It has high conductivity, strong corrosion resistance and good soil adhesion, which can improve the corrosion resistance of the grounding body and the contact density with the soil, reduce the contact resistance and extend the service life of the grounding body.

[0118] Preferably, the conductive cured layer comprises the following components by mass fraction: The composition consists of 1%–10% recycled carbon fiber, 15%–45% recycled aggregate, 3%–5% silica fume, 10%–20% geopolymer cementitious material, 1%–5% water-soluble conductive liquid, and the remainder is water.

[0119] In specific implementation, the preparation process of the carbon fiber composite grounding electrode of the present invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, for example: (1) Raw materials for recycled carbon fiber composite tip metal mesh grounding electrode: 1% to 10% recycled carbon fiber, 15% to 45% recycled aggregate, 3% to 5% silica fume, and 10% to 20% geopolymer cementitious material. Mix the above materials together and stir for 20 minutes.

[0120] (2) Transfer the mixed raw materials into a mixer for secondary mixing. During mixing, add 1% to 5% water-soluble conductive liquid and tap water that meets drinking water standards. Mix for 30 minutes to form a wet slurry.

[0121] (3) In accordance with the requirements of the national standard "Code for Grounding Design of AC Electrical Installations" (GB / T50065-2011), a multi-point metal mesh is processed and manufactured, and the main material connection points are welded together to form the pole core.

[0122] (4) Molding methods: The first method involves pressing the multi-pointed metal mesh, the main material connection point core, and the mixed wet slurry into a press for molding; the second method involves molding the product on a high-frequency vibrating table equipped with vacuum. After pressing and vibration, the product undergoes high-temperature wet rapid curing. By simply changing the molds of different sizes and models, various sizes and thicknesses of recycled carbon fiber composite pointed metal mesh grounding products can be produced.

[0123] Recycled carbon fibers in the conductive cured layer possess high conductivity and corrosion resistance, forming a continuous conductive network within the layer and reducing its bulk resistance. If the mass fraction of recycled carbon fibers is too low, an effective conductive network cannot be formed, resulting in high resistance; if the mass fraction is too high, it affects the mechanical strength and molding performance of the layer. Therefore, the mass fraction of recycled carbon fibers is controlled between 1% and 10%. Recycled aggregates, processed from crushed waste concrete and bricks, improve the mechanical strength and volume stability of the conductive cured layer while reducing production costs. If the mass fraction of recycled aggregates is too low, the mechanical strength of the conductive cured layer is insufficient; if the mass fraction is too high, it affects its conductivity. Therefore, the mass fraction of recycled aggregates is controlled between 15% and 45%. Silica fume, an ultrafine powder material, fills the pores within the conductive cured layer, improving density and impermeability. It also promotes the hydration reaction of the geopolymer cementitious material, enhancing the early strength of the conductive cured layer. If the mass fraction of silica fume is too low, the filling effect is insignificant; if the mass fraction is too high, it increases the brittleness of the conductive cured layer. Therefore, the mass fraction of silica fume is controlled between 3% and 5%. Geopolymer cementitious materials have high polymerization degree and corrosion resistance, enabling them to bond recycled carbon fibers, recycled aggregates, and silica fume together to form a strong whole. If the mass fraction of geopolymer cementitious materials is too low, the bonding strength is insufficient, and the conductive cured layer is prone to cracking; if the mass fraction is too high, it increases production costs and affects conductivity. Therefore, the mass fraction of geopolymer cementitious materials is controlled between 10% and 20%. Water-soluble conductive liquid can improve the ionic conductivity of the conductive cured layer, further reducing its bulk resistance. If the mass fraction of water-soluble conductive liquid is too low, the conductivity effect is not obvious; if the mass fraction is too high, it affects the curing performance and long-term stability of the conductive cured layer. Therefore, the mass fraction of water-soluble conductive liquid is controlled between 1% and 5%.

[0124] Based on the above design, the use of recycled materials in this invention can reduce product costs, reduce solid waste pollution to the environment, meet the requirements of low-carbon and environmentally friendly development, and the optimized component ratio makes the conductive curing layer have low resistivity, high compressive strength, good corrosion resistance and soil adhesion.

[0125] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the status of carbon fiber composite grounding conductors based on RFID, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The RFID reader transmits radio frequency excitation signals to passive RFID tags within its radio frequency coverage area, receives radio frequency response signals returned by each passive RFID tag, and generates a raw radio frequency signal dataset containing tag identification and sensing modulation information. The RFID reader is located above the ground where a grounding array is deployed. The passive RFID tags are encapsulated and embedded inside each grounding unit of the grounding array, and integrate corrosion sensing and resistance sensing modules. The original radio frequency signal dataset is subjected to power frequency harmonic interference filtering and timing alignment processing to generate a preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset; The preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset is subjected to tag identity decoding and sensor parameter demodulation to generate a tag sensor dataset containing tag identity codes, corrosion sensor parameters, and resistance sensor parameters. Based on the pre-stored grounding body unit identity mapping dataset, identity matching and association processing is performed on the tag sensing dataset to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding body unit. After performing dimensional standardization on the corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters, they are transmitted to the back-end management platform via the network module for structured storage and display.

2. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves transmitting radio frequency excitation signals to passive RFID tags within its radio frequency coverage area via an RFID reader / writer, receiving radio frequency response signals returned by each passive RFID tag, and generating a raw radio frequency signal dataset containing tag identification and sensor modulation information, including: Based on the partitioning information of the grounding array, the radio frequency coverage area of ​​the RFID reader is partitioned to generate a reader partitioning coverage set; According to the reader partition coverage set, a time-division polling scanning process is performed on the passive RFID tags in each partition, and radio frequency excitation signals are transmitted to the passive RFID tags in the currently scanned partition; Receive the radio frequency response signals returned by each passive RFID tag in the current scanning zone, and perform dynamic adjustment processing on the power of the radio frequency excitation signal in the next cycle based on the quality parameters of the radio frequency response signal in the previous cycle. Integrate the RF response signals from all partitions to generate a raw RF signal dataset containing tag identification and sensor modulation information.

3. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The zoning information based on the grounding array is used to perform zoning processing on the radio frequency coverage area of ​​the RFID reader, generating a reader zoning coverage set, including: Obtain the planar layout coordinates of the grounding electrode array and the burial depth information of each grounding electrode unit; Based on the maximum radio frequency coverage radius and signal attenuation coefficient of the RFID reader / writer, the radio frequency coverage area is divided into grids to generate an initial set of partitions. Based on the planar layout coordinates of the grounding array and the burial depth information of each grounding unit, the initial partition set is subjected to boundary adjustment processing to ensure that the number of grounding units in each partition does not exceed a preset threshold, thereby generating a reader partition coverage set.

4. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The receiving of radio frequency response signals returned by each passive RFID tag within the currently scanned partition includes: The RFID reader simultaneously receives multiple radio frequency response signals returned by each passive RFID tag within the current scanning zone through multiple sets of receiving antennas. The multiple radio frequency response signals are subjected to in-phase superposition and merging processing to generate a merged radio frequency response signal; Envelope detection processing is performed on the merged radio frequency response signal to generate a baseband signal containing tag identification and sensor modulation information.

5. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment of the RF excitation signal power for the next cycle based on the RF response signal quality parameters of the previous cycle includes: Extract the radio frequency response signal strength values ​​returned by all passive RFID tags in each zone in the previous cycle; Calculate the average RF response signal strength value of each zone, compare it with the preset signal strength threshold, and generate a power adjustment command. According to the power adjustment command, the transmit power of the radio frequency excitation signal of the corresponding partition in the next cycle is adjusted up or down.

6. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing power frequency harmonic interference filtering and timing alignment processing on the original radio frequency signal dataset to generate a preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset includes: The original radio frequency signal dataset is subjected to time-domain feature extraction processing to generate an original signal time-domain feature set; Based on the original signal time-domain feature set, power frequency harmonic interference filtering processing is performed on the original radio frequency signal dataset to generate a filtered radio frequency signal dataset. The filtered RF signal dataset is subjected to timing alignment processing to generate an aligned RF signal dataset. Integrity verification is performed on the aligned RF signal dataset to generate a preprocessed RF signal dataset.

7. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of performing power frequency harmonic interference filtering processing on the original radio frequency signal dataset based on the original signal time-domain feature set to generate a filtered radio frequency signal dataset includes: Extract the power frequency component features from the time-domain feature set of the original signal; Based on the characteristics of the power frequency components, a multi-order adaptive notch filter is constructed. The original RF signal dataset is processed by the multi-stage adaptive notch filter to remove power frequency harmonic components, thereby generating a filtered RF signal dataset.

8. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of performing timing alignment processing on the filtered RF signal dataset to generate an aligned RF signal dataset includes: Obtain information on the burial depth of the grounding unit corresponding to each passive RFID tag, the thickness of the tag inside the conductive curing layer, and the radio frequency propagation speed of the conductive curing layer; Based on the thickness information of the tag in the conductive curing layer and the radio frequency propagation speed of the conductive curing layer, the first theoretical time delay of the tag in the curing layer is calculated. Based on the burial depth information of the grounding electrode unit and the propagation speed of radio frequency signals in the soil, the second theoretical time delay of the tag transmission in the soil after it is penetrated and solidified is calculated. By superimposing the first theoretical delay and the second theoretical delay, the total theoretical delay of the radio frequency response signal of each passive RFID tag is generated; Based on the theoretical time delay of the total radio frequency response signal of each passive RFID tag, time delay compensation processing is performed on the filtered radio frequency signal dataset to generate an aligned radio frequency signal dataset.

9. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The superposition of the first theoretical delay and the second theoretical delay to generate the total theoretical delay of the radio frequency response signal for each passive RFID tag includes: The radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the conductive curing layer, the radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the soil, the rated transmit power of the RFID reader, and the minimum receive power threshold of the passive RFID tag were obtained. The radio frequency signal attenuation correction coefficient is calculated based on the radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the conductive curing layer, the thickness of the tag inside the conductive curing layer, the radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the soil, the burial depth of the grounding unit, the rated transmission power of the RFID reader, and the minimum receiving power threshold of the passive RFID tag. Based on the radio frequency signal attenuation correction coefficient, the superposition result of the first theoretical delay and the second theoretical delay is corrected to generate the total theoretical delay of the radio frequency response signal of each passive RFID tag; Based on the theoretical time delay of the total radio frequency response signal of each passive RFID tag, time delay compensation processing is performed on the filtered radio frequency signal dataset to generate an aligned radio frequency signal dataset.

10. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The theoretical delay of the total radio frequency response signal of the passive RFID tag is calculated based on the following formula: In the formula, This represents the theoretical time delay of the total radio frequency response signal of each passive RFID tag; This indicates the thickness of the label within the conductive curing layer. Indicates the radio frequency propagation speed of the conductive cured layer; This indicates the burial depth information of the grounding electrode unit; This indicates the propagation speed of radio frequency signals in the soil; This represents the attenuation-delay coupling coefficient; This represents the radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the conductive curing layer; This represents the radio frequency attenuation coefficient of the soil. This indicates the rated transmission power of the RFID reader / writer; This indicates the minimum receive power threshold for passive RFID tags.

11. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of performing integrity verification processing on the aligned RF signal dataset to generate a preprocessed RF signal dataset includes: Calculate the signal-to-noise ratio of each radio frequency response signal in the aligned radio frequency signal dataset; The signal-to-noise ratio of each radio frequency response signal is compared with a preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold to generate a signal-to-noise ratio verification result. Based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) verification results, radio frequency (RF) response signals with an SNR lower than a preset SNR threshold are removed to generate a preprocessed RF signal dataset.

12. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing tag identity decoding and sensor parameter demodulation processing on the preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset to generate a tag sensing dataset containing tag identity codes, erosion sensing parameters, and resistance sensing parameters includes: The preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset is subjected to signal frame segmentation processing to generate a set of tag-independent signal frames; Perform tag identity decoding processing on the set of tag-independent signal frames to generate a set of tag identity codes; Based on the tag identity encoding set, the tag independent signal frame set is subjected to erosion sensing parameter demodulation processing and resistance sensing parameter demodulation processing to generate erosion sensing parameter set and resistance sensing parameter set. The tag identity encoding set, the corrosion sensing parameter set, and the resistance sensing parameter set are integrated to generate a tag sensing dataset.

13. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The step of performing signal frame segmentation processing on the preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset to generate a set of tag-independent signal frames includes: Extract the preamble features from the preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset; Based on the preamble features, frame start point localization processing is performed on the preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset to generate a set of frame start point coordinates; Based on the set of frame start point coordinates and the preset frame length, the preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset is subjected to signal frame segmentation processing to generate a set of tag-independent signal frames.

14. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The step of performing tag identity decoding processing on the tag-independent signal frame set to generate a tag identity encoding set includes: Manchester decoding is performed on the set of tag-independent signal frames to generate an initial set of tag identity codes; Cyclic redundancy check processing is performed on the initial tag identity code set to generate a check result set; Based on the set of verification results, the initial tag identity codes that failed verification are removed to generate a set of tag identity codes.

15. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode condition monitoring method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The step of performing erosion sensing parameter demodulation processing and resistance sensing parameter demodulation processing on the tag-independent signal frame set based on the tag identity encoding set to generate erosion sensing parameter set and resistance sensing parameter set includes: Extract the corrosion sensing modulation segment signal from the tag independent signal frame set, and perform amplitude demodulation processing on the corrosion sensing modulation segment signal to generate a corrosion sensing parameter set. Extract the resistance sensing modulation segment signal from the tag independent signal frame set, and perform frequency demodulation processing on the resistance sensing modulation segment signal to generate a resistance sensing parameter set.

16. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-stored grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset is used to perform identity matching and association processing on the tag sensing dataset to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding electrode unit, including: Load the pre-stored grounding cell identity mapping dataset to generate the loaded grounding cell identity mapping dataset; Perform tag identity code extraction processing on the tag sensing dataset to generate a set of tag identity codes to be matched; Based on the loaded grounding unit identity mapping dataset, identity matching and association processing is performed on the set of tag identity codes to be matched to generate a tag-grounding unit association set; Based on the tag-grounding unit association set, a mapping and allocation process is performed on the corrosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters in the tag sensing dataset to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding unit.

17. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The loading of the pre-stored grounding unit identity mapping dataset to generate the loaded grounding unit identity mapping dataset includes: Obtain the construction and installation records of the grounding array; The construction and installation record information of the grounding electrode array is subjected to the association binding process of tag identity code and grounding electrode unit number to generate an initial grounding electrode unit identity mapping dataset; The initial grounding unit identity mapping dataset is encrypted and stored to generate a pre-stored grounding unit identity mapping dataset.

18. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 16, characterized in that, Based on the loaded grounding unit identity mapping dataset, the identity matching and association processing is performed on the set of tag identity codes to be matched to generate a tag-grounding unit association set, including: Perform duplicate code verification processing on the set of identity codes to be matched to generate a set of duplicate code verification results; Based on the set of duplicate code verification results, duplicate tag identity codes in the set of tag identity codes to be matched are removed to generate a deduplicated set of tag identity codes to be matched. Based on the loaded grounding unit identity mapping dataset, a precise matching process is performed on the deduplicated tag identity code set to be matched, so as to generate a tag-grounding unit association set.

19. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 16, characterized in that, Based on the tag-grounding electrode unit association set, the corrosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters in the tag sensing dataset are mapped and assigned to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding electrode unit, including: Perform unmatched tag identification code recognition processing on the tag-grounding unit association set to generate an unmatched tag identification code set; Based on the set of unmatched tag identity codes, perform unmatched labeling processing on the corrosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters of the corresponding tags in the tag sensing dataset to generate a labeled tag sensing dataset. Based on the tag-grounding body unit association set, a mapping and allocation process is performed on the corrosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters in the tagged tag sensing dataset to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding body unit.

20. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After performing dimensional standardization on the corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters, they are transmitted to the backend management platform via a network module for structured storage and display, including: The corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters are subjected to dimensional standardization to generate a standardized state parameter dataset. Perform data encapsulation processing on the standardized state parameter dataset to generate an encapsulated state data packet; The encapsulated state data packet is transmitted to the backend management platform through the network module, and the backend management platform performs parsing processing on the encapsulated state data packet to generate a parsed state parameter dataset. The parsed state parameter dataset is then processed for structured storage and visualization.

21. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The step of performing dimensional standardization on the corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters to generate a standardized state parameter dataset includes: Extract the dimensional reference values ​​of corrosion corresponding to corrosion state parameters and the dimensional reference values ​​of resistance corresponding to grounding resistance state parameters; Based on the corrosion dimension reference value, the corrosion state parameters are normalized to generate a standardized set of corrosion state parameters. Based on the aforementioned resistance dimension reference value, the grounding resistance state parameters are normalized to generate a standardized set of grounding resistance state parameters. The standardized corrosion state parameter set and the standardized grounding resistance state parameter set are integrated to generate a standardized state parameter dataset.

22. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode condition monitoring method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The step of performing data encapsulation processing on the standardized state parameter dataset to generate encapsulated state data packets includes: Obtain the timestamp information for the current monitoring period and the device identification information of the RFID reader / writer; The timestamp information, the device identification information of the RFID reader, and the standardized status parameter dataset are associated and bound together to generate an associated status parameter dataset. Lossless data compression is performed on the associated state parameter dataset to generate a compressed state parameter dataset; Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code addition processing is performed on the compressed state parameter dataset to generate an encapsulated state data packet.

23. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode condition monitoring method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The process of performing structured storage and visualization on the parsed state parameter dataset includes: Based on the numbering information of the grounding electrode unit, the parsed state parameter dataset is classified to generate a set of state parameters classified by grounding electrode unit; The state parameter set classified by grounding body unit is sorted in ascending order according to the time dimension to generate a time-seriesd state parameter set; The time-series state parameter set is stored in the relational database of the backend management platform; Based on the time-series state parameter set, a two-dimensional distribution display interface for the grounding array state is generated.

24. An RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode condition monitoring system, characterized in that, include: A passive RFID tag array contains multiple passive RFID tags. Each passive RFID tag is encapsulated and embedded inside each grounding unit of the grounding array. Each passive RFID tag integrates a corrosion sensing module and a resistance sensing module. An RFID reader is located above a ground array and is used to transmit radio frequency excitation signals to passive RFID tags within its radio frequency coverage area, receive radio frequency response signals returned by each passive RFID tag, and generate a raw radio frequency signal dataset containing tag identification and sensing modulation information. The signal preprocessing module is communicatively connected to the RFID reader / writer and is used to perform power frequency harmonic interference filtering and timing alignment processing on the original radio frequency signal dataset to generate a preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset. The tag decoding and parameter demodulation module is communicatively connected to the signal preprocessing module and is used to perform tag identity decoding and sensor parameter demodulation on the preprocessed radio frequency signal dataset to generate a tag sensing dataset containing tag identity codes, corrosion sensing parameters and resistance sensing parameters. The identity matching and state generation module is communicatively connected to the tag decoding and parameter demodulation module. It is used to perform identity matching and association processing on the tag sensing dataset based on the pre-stored grounding body unit identity mapping dataset to generate corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters corresponding to each grounding body unit. The data standardization and transmission module is communicatively connected to the identity matching and state generation module. It is used to perform dimensional standardization processing on the corrosion state parameters and grounding resistance state parameters, generate a standardized state parameter dataset, and transmit the standardized state parameter dataset to the back-end management platform through the network module.

25. The RFID-based carbon fiber composite grounding electrode status monitoring system according to claim 24, characterized in that: The passive RFID tag is encapsulated and embedded inside the conductive curing layer of the grounding unit. The conductive curing layer is formed by composite curing of recycled carbon fiber, recycled aggregate, geopolymer cementitious material, silica fume and water-soluble conductive liquid, and covers the outer surface of the multi-pointed metal mesh pole core. A connection hole is provided in the middle of the multi-pointed metal mesh pole core, and the connection hole is used to connect the grounding main material.

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