A bim-based dynamic regulation method for construction of pit support replacement

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of underground engineering, and discloses a dynamic regulation and control method for foundation pit inner support dismantling and replacement construction based on BIM, which comprises the following steps: establishing a building information model of a foundation pit project, integrating initial design parameters of a foundation pit inner support structure and construction environment information based on the model to form an initial construction data set; in the process of inner support dismantling and replacement construction, real-time collection of dynamic response data of the foundation pit inner support structure is carried out, the dynamic response data are fused with the initial construction data set, and the fused data are updated to the building information model to obtain real-time construction state data; through the establishment of the building information model, the integration of the initial design parameters and the construction environment information, the formation of the initial construction data set, and the real-time collection and fusion update of the dynamic response data in the construction process, the system can obtain the complete stress state of the inner support structure in real time, the misjudgment caused by single and lagging monitoring data can be avoided, and the safety and reliability of the dismantling and replacement operation can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground engineering technology, specifically to a BIM-based method for dynamic control of the construction of foundation pit support replacement. Background Technology

[0002] BIM, short for Building Information Modeling, is a new tool applied in the fields of architecture, engineering, and civil engineering. Primarily using 3D graphics, it can be applied throughout the entire lifecycle of construction projects. With the rapid development and utilization of urban underground space, foundation pit projects are becoming increasingly common, characterized by large scale, great depth, and complex surrounding environments. Currently, there are various forms of foundation pit support. Internal bracing is widely used due to its advantages such as high support rigidity, strong ability to control foundation pit deformation and protect the surrounding environment, and its non-intrusion into surrounding underground space, thus avoiding obstacles.

[0003] Currently, due to the complex procedures involved in the replacement of internal supports within the foundation pit, traditional techniques for real-time monitoring of the stress state of these supports often only obtain limited local data, making it difficult to comprehensively and dynamically grasp the stress evolution of the entire structure. This monitoring method cannot determine in real time whether monitoring points are placed in critical weak areas of the structure. Inappropriate selection of monitoring point locations can easily lead to misjudgments of the overall safety status of the structure, thereby causing safety hazards during the replacement operation.

[0004] Therefore, a BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in foundation pits is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of supports within foundation pits. This method solves the problem mentioned in the background that improper selection of monitoring point locations can easily lead to misjudgments of the overall structural safety status, thereby causing safety hazards during replacement operations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of supports within a foundation pit, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Establish a building information model for the foundation pit project, and integrate the initial design parameters of the supporting structure in the foundation pit with the construction environment information based on the model to form an initial construction dataset;

[0008] S2. During the internal support replacement construction, the dynamic response data of the support structure in the foundation pit is collected in real time, and the dynamic response data is merged with the initial construction dataset and updated into the building information model to obtain real-time construction status data.

[0009] S3. Based on the real-time construction status data and the initial construction dataset, simulate and analyze the stress state of the entire process of internal support replacement construction, and generate structural safety assessment data.

[0010] S4. Based on the structural safety assessment data, identify and locate key risk control nodes during the internal support replacement process, and generate risk warning information;

[0011] S5. Based on the aforementioned risk warning information and combined with a preset construction control rule library, generate a dynamic control strategy for the current construction status.

[0012] S6. The dynamic control strategy is converted into executable construction instructions and sent to the on-site construction terminal to guide the replacement of internal supports.

[0013] S7. Continuously monitor and provide feedback on the execution effect of the construction instructions, and repeat steps S2 to S6 based on the feedback data until the internal support replacement construction is completed.

[0014] Preferably, the initial construction dataset in S1 includes the following steps:

[0015] S11. Based on the foundation pit engineering design drawings and geological survey report, establish a building information model that includes information on the foundation pit retaining structure, internal support system, surrounding environment and geological layer;

[0016] S12. The design axial force, cross-sectional dimensions, material properties, and replacement sequence plan of the internal supports are used as initial design parameters and integrated with the historical hydrological and meteorological data of the construction area into the building information model to form an initial construction dataset.

[0017] Preferably, obtaining real-time construction status data in step S2 includes the following steps:

[0018] S21. Based on the internal support design parameters and construction environment information in the initial construction dataset, stress and strain monitoring points are set up at the key stress-bearing parts of the internal support, and the axial force, bending moment and deformation data of the support components are acquired in real time through the data acquisition system as dynamic response data.

[0019] S22. The collected dynamic response data is fused with the initial construction dataset, encoded according to timestamps and spatial coordinates, and synchronized in real time to the corresponding component attributes of the building information model via a wireless transmission network, thereby updating the initial construction dataset to real-time construction status data.

[0020] Preferably, generating structural safety assessment data in step S3 includes the following steps:

[0021] S31. Obtain the real-time construction status data, the initial construction dataset, and the construction environment information integrated in the building information model;

[0022] S32. Call the built-in finite element analysis engine, using the building information model as the calculation basis, to simulate the load transfer path and structural internal force redistribution law during the process of dismantling the internal supports one by one and erecting new supports, and generate structural safety assessment data, which includes the real-time stress ratio, deformation amount and overall stability index of each support component.

[0023] Preferably, in step S32, the finite element analysis engine performs the following sub-steps during simulation analysis:

[0024] S321. Use the incremental loading method to simulate the load release effect during the support removal process and record the load transfer path of each construction step.

[0025] S322. Simulate the interaction between the new support and the existing structure based on the nonlinear contact algorithm, and calculate the redistribution law of the internal forces of the structure after the intervention of the new support;

[0026] S323. Extract the real-time stress ratio, deformation amount and overall stability index of each supporting component, and output the structural safety assessment data.

[0027] Preferably, generating risk warning information in step S4 includes the following steps:

[0028] S41. The structural safety assessment data is compared with the preset safety threshold item by item. When any of the safety assessment data exceeds its corresponding safety threshold range, the area corresponding to the data is determined to be the key risk control node.

[0029] S42. Based on the location, risk level, and impact range of the key risk control nodes, highlight them in the building information model and automatically generate the risk warning information containing the risk type, probability of occurrence, and potential consequences.

[0030] Preferably, the dynamic control strategy generated in step S5 for the current construction state includes the following steps:

[0031] S51. Pre-build the construction control rule base, which contains control plans for different risk types. The control plans include suspending construction, adding temporary supports, adjusting the dismantling and replacement sequence, changing the construction speed, and strengthening local monitoring.

[0032] S52. The risk warning information is input into the decision analysis module. Based on the risk level and type in the risk warning information, the module retrieves and matches the corresponding control plan in the construction control rule base, and generates the specific dynamic control strategy in combination with the current construction progress.

[0033] Preferably, step S52, which involves retrieving and matching the corresponding control plan in the construction control rule base, includes the following steps:

[0034] S521. Extract the risk level, type, and scope of impact from the risk warning information as constraints for matching the contingency plan;

[0035] S522. Traverse the construction control rule base and filter out all candidate control plans that meet the constraints.

[0036] S523. Obtain the economic cost, construction period impact, and historical success rate parameters of each candidate control plan, and calculate the comprehensive score of each candidate plan through a multi-objective optimization algorithm;

[0037] S524. Select the candidate plan with the highest comprehensive score as the final matching control plan, and generate the dynamic control strategy containing specific operational measures.

[0038] Preferably, step S6, converting the dynamic control strategy into executable construction instructions, includes the following steps:

[0039] S61. The dynamic control strategy is parsed into a series of structured construction instructions, the instructions including the operation object, operation content, execution time and quality standards;

[0040] S62. Through the digital management platform of the construction site, the construction instructions are pushed to the mobile terminals of the corresponding construction teams, and the key points of operation are displayed in the form of pictures, texts and animations to guide the on-site personnel to perform the dismantling and replacement work.

[0041] Preferably, the continuous monitoring and feedback of the execution effect of the construction instructions in S7 includes the following steps:

[0042] S71. Continue to acquire the dynamic response data after the execution of the construction instructions through the data acquisition system, and compare and analyze the data with the expected control effect of the dynamic control strategy to generate execution effect evaluation data;

[0043] S72. When the performance evaluation data shows that the structural state tends to be stable and the risk is eliminated, the current control is confirmed to be effective, and the subsequent construction steps are continued according to the original plan; when the structural state is not improved, step S2 is triggered again to start a new round of dynamic control cycle.

[0044] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a BIM-based method for dynamic control of in-pit support replacement construction, which has the following advantages:

[0045] 1. In this invention, by establishing a building information model and integrating initial design parameters and construction environment information to form an initial construction dataset, and by collecting dynamic response data in real time during construction and integrating and updating it, the system can obtain the complete stress state of the internal support structure in real time, avoid misjudgment caused by single and lagging monitoring data, and ensure the safety and reliability of the replacement operation.

[0046] 2. In this invention, by merging and updating the real-time collected dynamic response data with the initial construction dataset, and performing stress state simulation analysis based on the real-time construction status data, structural safety assessment data is generated. This enables the system to perceive the internal force transfer and deformation trend during the internal support replacement process in real time, promptly identify potential structural weaknesses, and avoid safety accidents caused by local overload and instability.

[0047] 3. In this invention, risk warning information is generated by comparing structural safety assessment data with preset safety thresholds, and dynamic control strategies are generated by automatically matching control plans with the construction control rule base. This enables the system to issue timely warnings and automatically adjust replacement plans when the structural state is abnormal, realizing the transformation from passive response to active prevention, and improving the intelligence level and emergency response capability of the construction process. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in a foundation pit, according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] For specific implementation examples, please refer to: Figure 1 A BIM-based dynamic control method for the construction of foundation pit support replacement includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Establish a building information model for the foundation pit project, and integrate the initial design parameters of the supporting structure in the foundation pit with the construction environment information based on the model to form an initial construction dataset;

[0052] S2. During the internal support replacement construction, the dynamic response data of the support structure in the foundation pit is collected in real time, and the dynamic response data is merged with the initial construction dataset and updated into the building information model to obtain real-time construction status data.

[0053] S3. Based on real-time construction status data and initial construction dataset, simulate and analyze the stress state of the entire process of internal support replacement construction, and generate structural safety assessment data.

[0054] S4. Based on the structural safety assessment data, identify and locate key risk control points during the internal support replacement process, and generate risk warning information.

[0055] S5. Based on risk warning information and combined with the preset construction control rule library, generate dynamic control strategies for the current construction status.

[0056] S6. Transform the dynamic control strategy into executable construction instructions and issue them to the on-site construction terminal to guide the replacement of internal supports.

[0057] S7. Continuously monitor and provide feedback on the execution effect of the construction instructions, and repeat steps S2 to S6 based on the feedback data until the internal support replacement construction is completed.

[0058] The steps involved in creating the initial construction dataset in S1 are as follows:

[0059] S11. Based on the foundation pit engineering design drawings and geological survey reports, establish a building information model that includes information on the foundation pit retaining structure, internal support system, surrounding environment and geological layers.

[0060] S12. The design axial force, cross-sectional dimensions, material properties, and replacement sequence plan of the internal supports are used as initial design parameters and integrated with the historical hydrological and meteorological data of the construction area into the building information model to form an initial construction dataset.

[0061] Obtaining real-time construction status data in S2 includes the following steps:

[0062] S21. Based on the internal support design parameters and construction environment information in the initial construction dataset, stress and strain monitoring points are set up at the key stress-bearing parts of the internal support, and the axial force, bending moment and deformation data of the support components are acquired in real time through the data acquisition system as dynamic response data.

[0063] S22. The collected dynamic response data is fused with the initial construction dataset, encoded according to timestamps and spatial coordinates, and synchronized in real time to the corresponding component attributes in the building information model via a wireless transmission network, updating the initial construction dataset to real-time construction status data. This includes the following steps:

[0064] S221. Match each piece of dynamic response data collected with the design parameters and historical monitoring data of the same component in the initial construction dataset to form a fusion data group based on the component.

[0065] S222. Add the timestamp information of the acquisition time and the spatial coordinate identifier of the component in the building information model to each set of fused data to form coded data with spatiotemporal attributes.

[0066] S223. The encoded data is sent to the building information model management server in real time through the wireless transmission network deployed at the construction site.

[0067] S224. In the management server, locate the corresponding support component attribute field in the building information model based on the spatial coordinate identifier in the encoded data.

[0068] S225. Write the received coded data into the attribute field of the component, overwriting the original initial construction data, so that the data stored in the building information model is updated to real-time construction status data containing the latest monitoring information.

[0069] Generating structural safety assessment data in S3 includes the following steps:

[0070] S31. Obtain real-time construction status data, initial construction dataset, and construction environment information integrated in the building information model;

[0071] S32. Call the built-in finite element analysis engine, using the building information model as the calculation basis, to simulate the load transfer path and structural internal force redistribution law during the process of dismantling the internal supports one by one and erecting new supports, and generate structural safety assessment data, which includes the real-time stress ratio, deformation amount and overall stability index of each support component.

[0072] In S32, the finite element analysis engine performs the following sub-steps during simulation analysis:

[0073] S321. The incremental loading method is used to simulate the load release effect during the support removal process, and the load transfer path of each construction step is recorded, including the following steps:

[0074] S3211. Divide the axial force load of the support to be removed into continuous load increment steps; specifically, let the initial axial force of the support to be removed be... The total number of incremental steps is Then the first The proportion of cumulative load released at the end of each increment step is: The corresponding load release amount is:

[0075] ;

[0076] in, For the first The equivalent release load applied to the remaining structure in step 1 For the first The proportion of cumulative load released at the end of each increment step For the first The cumulative load percentage at the end of the step. To support the initial axial force, This represents the total number of increment steps. ,and ;

[0077] S3212. In each load increment step, the stiffness of the support to be removed is gradually reduced, and at the same time, the load release amount corresponding to the reduction in stiffness is applied to the remaining structure.

[0078] S3213. Record the changes in internal forces and displacement responses of each supporting component in the remaining structure after each load release step, forming load transfer path data corresponding to that construction step.

[0079] S322. Simulate the interaction between the new support and the existing structure based on the nonlinear contact algorithm, and calculate the redistribution of internal forces in the structure after the intervention of the new support, including the following steps:

[0080] S3221. In building information modeling, the contact surfaces between the ends of new supports and existing enclosure structures and support components are defined as contact pairs.

[0081] S3222. Set the mechanical properties of the contact pair, including the hard contact behavior in the normal direction and define the friction coefficient in the tangential direction to simulate the sliding and force transmission relationship between the two.

[0082] S3223. During the calculation process of the finite element analysis engine, the pressure distribution and slip state between the contact pairs are iteratively solved until the contact force and deformation reach equilibrium, thereby calculating the redistribution law of the internal forces of the structure after the intervention of the new support. The determination of the contact state is based on the following condition: Let the normal gap between the contact pairs be... Normal contact pressure is Then the hard contact condition is satisfied:

[0083] ;

[0084] Tangential friction Contact pressure with normal direction and coefficient of friction The relationship between them is described by Coulomb's law of friction:

[0085]

[0086] in, For normal gap, For normal contact pressure, For tangential friction, The coefficient of friction;

[0087] When the tangential force exceeds the upper limit, relative sliding occurs between the contact surfaces.

[0088] S323. Extract the real-time stress ratio, deformation amount and overall stability index of each supporting component, and output structural safety assessment data.

[0089] Generating risk warning information in S4 includes the following steps:

[0090] S41. Compare the structural safety assessment data with the preset safety thresholds item by item. When any safety assessment data exceeds its corresponding safety threshold range, determine that the area corresponding to the data is a key risk control node.

[0091] S42. Based on the location, risk level, and scope of impact of key risk control nodes, highlight them in the building information model and automatically generate risk warning information that includes risk type, probability of occurrence, and potential consequences.

[0092] The steps involved in generating a dynamic control strategy for the current construction status in S5 are as follows:

[0093] S51. Pre-build a construction control rule base. The rule base contains control plans for different risk types. The control plans include suspending construction, adding temporary supports, adjusting the dismantling and replacement sequence, changing the construction speed, and strengthening local monitoring. The construction steps are as follows:

[0094] S511. Collect and organize successful control experiences for different types of risks and working conditions from historical foundation pit engineering cases;

[0095] S512. Abstract each successful experience into an independent control plan. Each plan includes triggering conditions, risk type, a sequence of specific operational measures, and expected effects. The triggering conditions are quantitatively expressed as follows: Let the risk type corresponding to a certain plan be... Its triggering conditions are defined by a set of critical threshold vectors, when the indicators in the real-time security assessment data... The contingency plan is activated when the following condition is met:

[0096] ;

[0097] in, For a single threshold element in the set, and These are the lower and upper thresholds for the indicator, respectively. Risk type The complete set of corresponding thresholds;

[0098] S513. All control plans shall be classified and stored according to risk type and level, and an index shall be created to facilitate quick retrieval and matching;

[0099] S52. Input the risk warning information into the decision analysis module. Based on the risk level and type in the risk warning information, this module searches and matches the corresponding control plan in the construction control rule base, and generates specific dynamic control strategies in combination with the current construction progress.

[0100] In S52, retrieving and matching the corresponding control plan in the construction control rule base includes the following steps:

[0101] S521. Extract the risk level, type, and scope of impact from the risk warning information as constraints for matching the contingency plan;

[0102] S522. Traverse the construction control rule library and filter out all candidate control plans that meet the constraints.

[0103] S523. Obtain the economic cost, schedule impact, and historical success rate parameters of each candidate control plan, and calculate the comprehensive score of each candidate plan using a multi-objective optimization algorithm, including the following steps:

[0104] S5231. Determine multiple objective dimensions for optimization, including at least minimizing economic costs, minimizing the impact on project time, and maximizing historical success rate;

[0105] S5232. Set weight coefficients for each target dimension to reflect the degree of importance attached to each target at different construction stages;

[0106] S5233. Normalize the performance parameters of each candidate control plan across all target dimensions to eliminate the influence of different dimensions. Specifically, let there be a total of There are 10 candidate contingency plans, each with 1000 contingency plans. The target dimension, the first The contingency plan is in the first The original value on each target is Range normalization was used:

[0107] ;

[0108] in, Indicates the first The candidate contingency plan is in the first The original performance parameter values ​​for each target dimension, among which , , Indicates all Of the candidate contingency plans, the first one... Minimum value of the original performance parameters in each target dimension Indicates all Of the candidate contingency plans, the first one... The maximum value of the original performance parameters in each target dimension This indicates that after range normalization, the i-th The candidate contingency plan is in the first Standardized values ​​across each target dimension;

[0109] For cost-related objectives, inverse normalization is used:

[0110] ;

[0111] in, This indicates that after inverse range normalization, the th The candidate contingency plan is in the first This is a standardized value across several target dimensions. For cost-related targets, a larger value indicates better performance.

[0112] S5234. The normalized target values ​​are summed with their corresponding weight coefficients, and the resulting sum is the comprehensive score of the candidate plan. Overall score of each contingency plan for:

[0113] ;

[0114] in, For the first The weight coefficient of the target and , For comprehensive scoring, For the first The candidate contingency plan is in the first The final normalized value across each objective dimension; specifically, for benefit-oriented objectives, For cost-related objectives, ;

[0115] S524. Select the candidate plan with the highest comprehensive score as the final matching control plan, and generate a dynamic control strategy that includes specific operational measures.

[0116] In S6, the process of converting dynamic control strategies into executable construction instructions includes the following steps:

[0117] S61. The dynamic control strategy is parsed into a series of structured construction instructions, which include the operation object, operation content, execution time and quality standards.

[0118] S62. Through the digital management platform at the construction site, construction instructions are pushed to the mobile terminals of the corresponding construction teams, and the key points of operation are displayed in the form of pictures, texts and animations to guide on-site personnel to carry out dismantling and replacement operations.

[0119] The steps involved in continuously monitoring and providing feedback on the effectiveness of construction instructions in S7 are as follows:

[0120] S71. Continue to acquire dynamic response data after the execution of construction instructions through the data acquisition system, and compare and analyze this data with the expected control effect of the dynamic control strategy to generate execution effect evaluation data, including the following steps:

[0121] S711. After the construction instructions are completed, collect the dynamic response data of each monitoring point in the affected area to form a measured dataset;

[0122] S712. Extract the corresponding expected control effect data from the dynamic control strategy, including expected stress ratio, expected deformation and expected stability index.

[0123] S713. Calculate the deviation between the measured data and the expected data, and assess the performance level based on the magnitude of the deviation. The deviation is calculated using a relative error measure, denoted as S713. The measured values ​​of each monitoring indicator The expected value is Then the relative deviation of this indicator for:

[0124] ;

[0125] In summary Average deviation of each indicator for:

[0126] ;

[0127] when When the execution effect is judged to be excellent, When is good, when It is considered unqualified at that time;

[0128] S72. When the performance evaluation data shows that the structural condition is stabilizing and the risk is eliminated, the current control measures are confirmed to be effective, and subsequent construction steps continue as planned. If the structural condition is not improved, step S2 is triggered again to start a new round of dynamic control cycle. The criteria for determining that the structural condition is stabilizing are as follows:

[0129] S721. Within three consecutive monitoring periods, the fluctuation range of all key monitoring indicators is lower than the set stability threshold. The stability threshold is defined as follows: Let the... The monitoring indicators were monitored at three consecutive monitoring times. The values ​​are respectively Then the rate of change at adjacent time points for:

[0130] ;

[0131] in, For the monitoring time interval, For the first The monitoring indicator in the first The values ​​taken at each monitoring time point, For the first The monitoring indicator in the first The values ​​taken at each monitoring time point;

[0132] When all All are less than the preset stable rate of change threshold. And all If all values ​​are within the safe threshold range, the indicator is considered to be in a stable state.

[0133] The operation steps of this BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in foundation pits are as follows:

[0134] Step 1: Constructing the initial construction dataset:

[0135] First, based on the foundation pit engineering design drawings and geological survey report, a building information model (BIM) was established, including information on the foundation pit retaining structure, internal support system, surrounding environment, and geological layers. Then, the design axial force, cross-sectional dimensions, material properties, and planned replacement sequence of the internal supports were used as initial design parameters and integrated with historical hydrological and meteorological data of the construction area into the BIM model to form an initial construction dataset. This dataset provides a fundamental reference benchmark for all subsequent simulation analyses and dynamic control.

[0136] Step 2: Acquiring real-time construction status data:

[0137] During the replacement of internal supports, based on the design parameters and construction environment information of the internal supports in the initial construction dataset, stress and strain monitoring points are set up at key stress-bearing parts of the internal supports. Axial force, bending moment, and deformation data of the support components are acquired in real time through a data acquisition system as dynamic response data. Subsequently, the acquired dynamic response data is fused with the initial construction dataset, encoded according to timestamps and spatial coordinates, and synchronized in real time to the corresponding component attributes in the building information model via a wireless transmission network, thereby updating the initial construction dataset to real-time construction status data.

[0138] Step 3: Generation of structural safety assessment data:

[0139] After acquiring real-time construction status data, initial construction datasets, and construction environment information integrated into the Building Information Model (BIM), the built-in finite element analysis engine is invoked. Using the BIM as the computational basis, the load transfer path and structural internal force redistribution patterns during the removal of internal supports and the erection of new supports are simulated. During the simulation, the incremental loading method is used to simulate the load release effect during support removal, and a nonlinear contact algorithm is used to simulate the interaction between the new supports and the existing structure. Finally, the real-time stress ratio, deformation, and overall stability indices of each support component are extracted to generate structural safety assessment data.

[0140] Step 4: Generation of Risk Warning Information:

[0141] The generated structural safety assessment data is compared item by item with preset safety thresholds. When any safety assessment data exceeds its corresponding safety threshold range, the area corresponding to that data is identified as a critical risk control node. Subsequently, based on the location, risk level, and impact range of the critical risk control node, it is highlighted in the building information model, and risk warning information including risk type, probability of occurrence, and potential consequences is automatically generated.

[0142] Step 5: Generation of dynamic control strategies:

[0143] A pre-built construction control rule base is established, containing control plans for different risk types, such as suspending construction, adding temporary supports, adjusting the dismantling and replacement sequence, changing the construction speed, and strengthening local monitoring. Upon receiving risk warning information, it is input into the decision analysis module. This module retrieves and matches the corresponding control plan from the construction control rule base based on the risk level and type in the risk warning information. The matching process includes: extracting the risk level, type, and impact range from the risk warning information as constraints; traversing the rule base to filter all candidate plans; then using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to comprehensively score the economic cost, schedule impact, and historical success rate parameters of each candidate plan; finally, selecting the candidate plan with the highest comprehensive score as the matching result; and generating specific dynamic control strategies based on the current construction progress.

[0144] Step Six: Issuance and Execution of Construction Instructions:

[0145] The dynamic control strategy is analyzed into a series of structured construction instructions, each containing the operation object, operation content, execution time, and quality standards. Then, through the digital management platform at the construction site, the construction instructions are pushed to the mobile terminals of the corresponding construction teams, and the key points of operation are displayed in the form of pictures, texts, and animations to guide the on-site personnel in carrying out the dismantling and replacement of internal supports.

[0146] Step 7: Monitoring and Closed-Loop Feedback of Execution Results:

[0147] After the construction instructions are executed, dynamic response data from monitoring points within the affected area are continuously acquired through the data acquisition system to form a measured dataset. This measured data is then compared and analyzed with the expected control effect of the dynamic control strategy to calculate the relative deviation and assess the level of execution effectiveness. When the execution effectiveness evaluation data shows that the structural state is stabilizing and the risk has been eliminated, the current control is confirmed to be effective, and subsequent construction steps continue as planned. If the structural state shows no improvement, the second step is triggered again, initiating a new round of dynamic control cycle. This process is repeated until all internal support replacement work is completed. This closed-loop feedback mechanism ensures that the construction process remains under control and safe.

[0148] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0149] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A BIM-based dynamic control method for the construction of foundation pit support replacement, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1. Establish a building information model for the foundation pit project, and integrate the initial design parameters of the supporting structure in the foundation pit with the construction environment information based on the model to form an initial construction dataset; S2. During the internal support replacement construction, the dynamic response data of the support structure in the foundation pit is collected in real time, and the dynamic response data is merged with the initial construction dataset and updated into the building information model to obtain real-time construction status data. S3. Based on the real-time construction status data and the initial construction dataset, simulate and analyze the stress state of the entire process of internal support replacement construction, and generate structural safety assessment data. S4. Based on the structural safety assessment data, identify and locate key risk control nodes during the internal support replacement process, and generate risk warning information; S5. Based on the aforementioned risk warning information and combined with a preset construction control rule library, generate a dynamic control strategy for the current construction status. S6. The dynamic control strategy is converted into executable construction instructions and sent to the on-site construction terminal to guide the replacement of internal supports. S7. Continuously monitor and provide feedback on the execution effect of the construction instructions, and repeat steps S2 to S6 based on the feedback data until the internal support replacement construction is completed.

2. The BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in foundation pits according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of forming the initial construction dataset in S1 includes the following steps: S11. Based on the foundation pit engineering design drawings and geological survey report, establish a building information model that includes information on the foundation pit retaining structure, internal support system, surrounding environment and geological layer; S12. The design axial force, cross-sectional dimensions, material properties, and replacement sequence plan of the internal supports are used as initial design parameters and integrated with the historical hydrological and meteorological data of the construction area into the building information model to form an initial construction dataset.

3. The BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in foundation pits according to claim 2, characterized in that: The real-time construction status data obtained in S2 includes the following steps: S21. Based on the internal support design parameters and construction environment information in the initial construction dataset, stress and strain monitoring points are set up at the key stress-bearing parts of the internal support, and the axial force, bending moment and deformation data of the support components are acquired in real time through the data acquisition system as dynamic response data. S22. The collected dynamic response data is fused with the initial construction dataset, encoded according to timestamps and spatial coordinates, and synchronized in real time to the corresponding component attributes of the building information model via a wireless transmission network, thereby updating the initial construction dataset to real-time construction status data.

4. The BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in foundation pits according to claim 3, characterized in that: The generation of structural safety assessment data in S3 includes the following steps: S31. Obtain the real-time construction status data, the initial construction dataset, and the construction environment information integrated in the building information model; S32. Call the built-in finite element analysis engine, using the building information model as the calculation basis, to simulate the load transfer path and structural internal force redistribution law during the process of dismantling the internal supports one by one and erecting new supports, and generate structural safety assessment data, which includes the real-time stress ratio, deformation amount and overall stability index of each support component.

5. The BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in foundation pits according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S32, the finite element analysis engine performs the following sub-steps during simulation analysis: S321. Use the incremental loading method to simulate the load release effect during the support removal process and record the load transfer path of each construction step. S322. Simulate the interaction between the new support and the existing structure based on the nonlinear contact algorithm, and calculate the redistribution law of the internal forces of the structure after the intervention of the new support; S323. Extract the real-time stress ratio, deformation amount and overall stability index of each supporting component, and output the structural safety assessment data.

6. The BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in foundation pits according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of generating risk warning information in S4 includes the following steps: S41. The structural safety assessment data is compared with the preset safety threshold item by item. When any of the safety assessment data exceeds its corresponding safety threshold range, the area corresponding to the data is determined to be the key risk control node. S42. Based on the location, risk level, and impact range of the key risk control nodes, highlight them in the building information model and automatically generate the risk warning information containing the risk type, probability of occurrence, and potential consequences.

7. The BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in foundation pits according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dynamic control strategy generated in S5 for the current construction status includes the following steps: S51. Pre-build the construction control rule base, which contains control plans for different risk types. The control plans include suspending construction, adding temporary supports, adjusting the dismantling and replacement sequence, changing the construction speed, and strengthening local monitoring. S52. The risk warning information is input into the decision analysis module. Based on the risk level and type in the risk warning information, the module retrieves and matches the corresponding control plan in the construction control rule base, and generates the specific dynamic control strategy in combination with the current construction progress.

8. The BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in foundation pits according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S52, which involves retrieving and matching the corresponding control plan in the construction control rule base, includes the following steps: S521. Extract the risk level, type, and scope of impact from the risk warning information as constraints for matching the contingency plan; S522. Traverse the construction control rule base and filter out all candidate control plans that meet the constraints. S523. Obtain the economic cost, construction period impact, and historical success rate parameters of each candidate control plan, and calculate the comprehensive score of each candidate plan through a multi-objective optimization algorithm; S524. Select the candidate plan with the highest comprehensive score as the final matching control plan, and generate the dynamic control strategy containing specific operational measures.

9. A BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in foundation pits, as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The step S6, which transforms the dynamic control strategy into executable construction instructions, includes the following steps: S61. The dynamic control strategy is parsed into a series of structured construction instructions, the instructions including the operation object, operation content, execution time and quality standards; S62. Through the digital management platform of the construction site, the construction instructions are pushed to the mobile terminals of the corresponding construction teams, and the key points of operation are displayed in the form of pictures, texts and animations to guide the on-site personnel to perform the dismantling and replacement work.

10. A BIM-based dynamic control method for the replacement of internal supports in foundation pits, as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The continuous monitoring and feedback of the execution effect of construction instructions in S7 includes the following steps: S71. Continue to acquire the dynamic response data after the execution of the construction instructions through the data acquisition system, and compare and analyze the data with the expected control effect of the dynamic control strategy to generate execution effect evaluation data; S72. When the performance evaluation data shows that the structural state tends to be stable and the risk is eliminated, the current control is confirmed to be effective, and the subsequent construction steps are continued according to the original plan; when the structural state is not improved, step S2 is triggered again to start a new round of dynamic control cycle.

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