Ship intelligent engine room equipment maintenance support resource allocation method based on basic maintenance unit

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of ship intelligent machine cabin equipment maintenance support resource configuration methods based on basic maintenance unit, can effectively improve the scientificity and precision of ship machine cabin equipment maintenance support resource configuration.First, define basic maintenance unit as the organization of maintenance tool quantity and maintenance personnel quantity.The mapping relationship between maintenance tool quantity and average fault repair time is used to determine the completion of maintenance task with a set of maintenance tool;With maintenance tool quantity and basic maintenance unit quantity, the optimization support resource configuration scheme is determined, and the optimization support resource configuration scheme is calculated to repair average repair period;With the set repair average repair period compression rate and the maximum equipment use availability as evaluation index, the optimal support resource configuration scheme is determined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship maintenance and support technology, and in particular to a method for allocating maintenance and support resources for ship intelligent engine room equipment based on basic maintenance units. Background Technology

[0002] Marine propulsion and electrical systems are core systems ensuring the smooth operation and mission execution of ships. The stability, efficiency, and reliability of their operation directly determine the overall operational capability and service life of the vessel. Throughout a ship's life cycle, the maintenance and support phase is crucial for maintaining the health of propulsion and electrical system equipment, mitigating equipment failures, and extending equipment service life. A scientifically sound and rational allocation of maintenance and support resources is fundamental to improving equipment availability and ensuring the ship's routine and efficient performance. Maintenance personnel and tools, as core active resources for engine room equipment maintenance, directly impact equipment failure repair efficiency, repair duration, and overall maintenance and support effectiveness, playing a decisive role in the operational quality of marine propulsion and electromechanical systems. Therefore, constructing a precise, efficient, and comprehensive maintenance and support resource allocation model based on the actual health status of the equipment is a core research direction in the current field of marine maintenance and support.

[0003] Currently, China's ship equipment maintenance and support system strictly adheres to the relevant national standards for equipment maintainability and supportability. The mainstream resource allocation method mainly relies on traditional statistical analysis methods. By statistically analyzing basic information such as historical ship failure records, spare parts consumption data, and maintenance man-hour data, the average consumption rate and demand frequency of maintenance resources are calculated. Combined with safety stock strategies, the planning and allocation of maintenance and support resources are completed. At the same time, based on basic parameters such as the mean time to repair (MTTR), the equipment repair period is calculated, which can basically meet the basic maintenance and support needs of conventional ship equipment.

[0004] However, the existing technical system for the allocation of maintenance and support resources for ship engine room equipment still has obvious technical defects, making it difficult to adapt to the high-precision and high-reliability requirements of modern ship maintenance and support. Specifically, this is reflected in two core issues.

[0005] On the one hand, existing methods for calculating ship repair durations suffer from a lack of dimensionality and insufficient accuracy. Traditional repair duration calculation models focus solely on spare parts availability, primarily considering delays caused by spare parts shortages and supply delays, completely ignoring the impact of delays in core human and tooling resources during maintenance operations. In actual ship maintenance scenarios, insufficient maintenance personnel, a lack of professional staff, missing or delayed tooling, and other issues can directly cause equipment failure repairs to stall, significantly extending the overall repair duration. Existing technologies do not incorporate delays in personnel and tooling availability into the repair duration calculation system, resulting in incomplete and highly biased results that fail to accurately reflect the actual repair time of ship equipment and thus hinder precise maintenance planning.

[0006] On the other hand, existing ship maintenance and support resource allocation models have limitations, resulting in poor optimization of equipment support efficiency. Traditional ship support resource allocation methods mainly consider safety stock, using statistical methods to analyze past ship failure records, spare parts consumption records, and maintenance man-hour data to calculate the average consumption rate and demand frequency of resources. However, they do not consider the negative impact of maintenance and support resource delays on equipment availability. Because they ignore the problems of decreased maintenance efficiency and extended equipment downtime caused by resource delays, they are prone to resource redundancy or under-allocation, failing to meet the requirements of routine, high-intensity ship operation support.

[0007] In summary, current ship engine room equipment maintenance and support resource allocation technologies only consider spare parts supply delays in the repair and maintenance period calculation process, without incorporating the impact of delays in maintenance personnel and tooling resources. This results in a one-sided approach to maintenance period calculations, poor accuracy of results, and an inability to accurately reflect actual maintenance operation scenarios. Furthermore, traditional resource allocation models rely solely on historical data statistics and safety stock strategies, failing to optimize resource allocation based on equipment health status, average repair duration, and equipment availability. This easily leads to over- or under-allocation of maintenance personnel and tooling, resulting in wasted maintenance and support resources. The overall resource allocation lacks scientific rigor and precision, making it difficult to meet the high-precision and highly adaptable maintenance and support requirements of modern ship power and electrical systems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for allocating maintenance and support resources for ship intelligent engine room equipment based on basic maintenance units, which can effectively improve the scientificity and accuracy of the allocation of maintenance and support resources for ship engine room equipment and adapt to the high-precision maintenance and support operation requirements of modern ships.

[0009] The method of this invention is applicable to resource allocation scenarios such as intelligent ship maintenance support resource allocation and industrial equipment maintenance support resource allocation.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is implemented as follows.

[0011] A method for allocating maintenance support resources for ship intelligent engine room equipment based on basic maintenance units includes:

[0012] Step 1: For any type of cabin equipment maintenance and support task, each set of maintenance tooling requires at least If multiple maintenance personnel cooperate, the basic maintenance unit for this type of maintenance support task is defined as the number of maintenance tools. and number of maintenance personnel Grouping; Step 2: Based on the maximum number of maintenance personnel that can be configured for a basic maintenance unit, the maximum number of maintenance tools, the maintenance space limitations, and the constraints on the number of maintenance personnel required for each set of maintenance tools. Determine the upper limit of the number of maintenance tools in a basic maintenance unit. Build a number of maintenance tools The range of values ​​for; Step 3: Determine the quantity of maintenance tools using historical data. Mean time to repair The mapping relationship; using the mapping relationship, determine the method to be used. Average time to complete maintenance and support tasks with a set of maintenance tools and repair rate Determine the average availability delay for maintenance personnel and equipment. With repair rate Number of basic repair units The functional relationship; Step 4: Based on the number of basic repair units and the number of maintenance tools Form a resource allocation scheme to be optimized Determine the mean time to repair faults in the resource allocation scheme to be optimized. Average availability delay for maintenance personnel and equipment Then, the average repair period is calculated; The optimal support resource allocation scheme is determined by using the set average repair duration reduction rate and the maximization of equipment availability as evaluation indicators; the average repair duration reduction rate is the ratio of the average repair duration reduction of the support resource allocation scheme to be optimized relative to the basic support resource allocation scheme.

[0013] Preferably, in step 2, the constraint is based on the upper limit of maintenance personnel, the upper limit of maintenance tools, the maintenance site limitation, and the number of maintenance personnel required for each set of maintenance tools that can be configured for the basic maintenance unit. Determine the upper limit of the number of maintenance tools in a basic maintenance unit. for: The maximum number of maintenance personnel that can be configured for a basic maintenance unit. Divide by the minimum number of maintenance personnel required to use a maintenance tool. The first maximum number of maintenance tools is obtained by rounding down; the second maximum number of maintenance tools is determined based on the limitations of the maintenance site; and the upper limit of the number of maintenance tools that can be configured for a basic maintenance unit is determined. The minimum value among the first maximum number of repair tools and the second maximum number of repair tools shall be used as the upper limit of the number of repair tools. .

[0014] Preferably, in step 2, the upper limit of the number of maintenance tools is determined. Number of maintenance tools constructed The range of values ​​for is: , This refers to the number of maintenance tools in the basic support resource configuration.

[0015] Preferably, in step 3, the mapping relationship falls into three categories: Scenario 1: When maintenance and support tasks can be broken down into independent sub-tasks, and these sub-tasks do not require cooperation between maintenance personnel, and there are sufficient maintenance personnel and spare parts available, the mean time to repair faults is inversely proportional to the number of maintenance tools.

[0016] in, To adopt The number of sets of maintenance tools and equipment required to complete the fault repair task; To allocate the repair time for one set of maintenance tools to perform similar maintenance support tasks; Scenario 2: When the maintenance tool supports one or more people, the repair time is rapidly reduced when the number of maintenance personnel is increased in the initial stage. However, due to the limited space of the maintenance task, the reduction in repair time gradually decreases when the number of maintenance personnel exceeds the optimal number of collaborators, eventually approaching a minimum time, forming a marginally decreasing shortening relationship. The marginally decreasing shortening relationship is fitted based on historical data. Scenario 3: When a maintenance task is being performed, if the ship's repair space can only accommodate one person or there is only one set of maintenance tools available for one person, then the mean time to repair is a constant. .

[0017] Preferably, in step 4, the average repair period corresponding to the resource allocation plan includes the fault diagnosis time, the average delay time of maintenance personnel and maintenance tools, the average delay time of equipment and spare parts, and the average fault repair time determined by the mapping relationship.

[0018] Preferably, step 4 includes: Step 401: Establish a queuing model for the process of equipment failure in the cabin, waiting for repair, and the repair process. Based on the queuing model, define the average repair time as the sum of the fault diagnosis time, the average support delay time of maintenance personnel and maintenance tools, the average support delay time of equipment and spare parts, and the average fault repair time. Step 402: Quantity of maintenance tools Within the range of values, iterate through the quantity of each maintenance tool from smallest to largest. Using the mapping relationship, determine the number of maintenance tools traversed. Corresponding mean time to repair ; Step 403: Number of basic repair units Values ​​start from 0; depending on the method used The number of sets of maintenance tools and equipment used to complete maintenance and support tasks; the repair rate. and the current number of maintenance units Using the aforementioned functional relationship, the average maintenance delay time for the corresponding maintenance personnel and equipment is calculated. ; Step 404: Based on the definition of mean repair time, combine the specified fault diagnosis time with the mean availability delay time for maintenance personnel and tools determined in Step 403. The specified average delay time for equipment and spare parts, and the average time to repair faults determined in step 402. Add them together to obtain the current resource allocation plan that needs to be optimized. Corresponding average repair time Determine the average repair period corresponding to the basic support resource allocation plan. ; Calculate the average repair time compression rate :

[0019] Step 405: Determine the average repair duration compression rate Is the current number of repair units greater than or equal to the set target for average repair interval reduction? If yes, proceed to step 406; otherwise, reduce the current number of repair units. Increasing average downtime for maintenance personnel and tools Repeat steps 404-405 until the target repair mean repair time reduction rate is met; Step 406: Record the current number of maintenance tools. and the number of basic repair units This serves as the optimal resource allocation scheme; based on the optimal resource allocation scheme, the corresponding equipment availability is calculated. Step 407: Quantity of maintenance tools Within the range of values, another number of maintenance tools are extracted, and the corresponding average fault repair time is determined using the mapping relationship. Then repeat steps 403-407 until all maintenance tool quantity values ​​within the range have been processed; Step 408: Select the optimal support resource configuration scheme corresponding to the highest equipment availability as the maintenance support resource configuration result for the ship's intelligent engine room equipment.

[0020] Preferably, the average delay time for maintenance personnel and maintenance equipment is:

[0021] in, Average downtime for maintenance personnel and equipment; This represents the number of faulty cabin equipment waiting in line for repair. ; The total number of similar cabin equipment that the maintenance base can service; For cumulative variables; This represents the number of basic maintenance units in the current resource allocation plan that needs to be optimized. Effective failure rate, used to indicate whether cabin equipment that has failed is under maintenance or awaiting maintenance; ; This represents the sum of the number of faulty cabin equipment that is under maintenance or awaiting maintenance. ; Failure rate of cabin equipment; for The probability of a faulty cabin equipment being under maintenance or awaiting maintenance: when 1≤ n When ≤C, we have: When C+1≤ n ≤ m At that time, there were: ; The probability of a basic maintenance unit being idle:

[0022] In the formula, μ To utilize the number of maintenance tools in the current resource allocation plan that needs optimization The repair rate of the established basic repair units; The maintenance intensity of the basic maintenance unit. .

[0023] Preferably, the fault diagnosis time is determined as follows: In the average repair period corresponding to the basic support resource allocation plan, the fault diagnosis time adopts the set fault diagnosis time. ; In the average repair period corresponding to the resource allocation scheme to be optimized, the fault diagnosis time is based on the fault diagnosis accuracy. Corrected fault diagnosis time , .

[0024] Preferably, the availability of the device is calculated as follows:

[0025] in, For equipment availability; For the health of cabin equipment; Mean time between failures for cabin equipment; The set fault diagnosis accuracy rate; The specified fault diagnosis time is adopted using the basic support resource allocation scheme; The average fault repair time corresponding to the optimal resource allocation scheme; The average support delay time for maintenance personnel and equipment corresponding to the optimal support resource allocation scheme; Average delay time for designated equipment and spare parts.

[0026] Beneficial effects: (1) Traditional ship repair maintenance period calculation methods usually only consider the delay time of spare parts support, and give little consideration to the delay of support resources such as maintenance personnel and maintenance tools. The maintenance period calculation is one-sided and has large errors. This invention constructs a ship repair model based on basic maintenance units and queuing theory, and constructs the support delay time of maintenance personnel and maintenance tools as the delay of basic maintenance unit service, which effectively enhances the comprehensiveness of repair maintenance period calculation.

[0027] (2) Traditional ship support resource allocation methods mainly consider safety stock. They use statistical methods to analyze past ship failure records, spare parts consumption records, and maintenance man-hour data to calculate the average consumption rate and demand frequency of resources, without considering the impact of maintenance support resource delays on equipment availability. This invention establishes a method for calculating the support delay time of maintenance personnel and maintenance tools, using the average repair period compression rate as a constraint threshold and equipment availability as the optimization target, and completes resource optimization through the linkage of two-level indicators. By traversing different combinations of tooling quantity and basic maintenance unit quantity, the support delay time and average repair period of various resources under each configuration are quantitatively calculated. Among all feasible schemes that meet the preset repair period compression target, the configuration combination with the highest equipment availability is selected, taking into account both maintenance efficiency improvement and equipment continuous operation capability, realizing refined and quantitative allocation of maintenance manpower and tooling resources, and effectively avoiding resource waste or support gaps.

[0028] (3) This invention defines “personnel-tooling” grouping as the basic maintenance unit. Based on the upper limit constraints of site, personnel and tooling, the value range of tooling in a single unit is limited. For three typical maintenance conditions, namely, detachable parallel tasks, multi-person collaborative tasks with diminishing marginal returns, and space-constrained single-person operation tasks, three MTTR mapping models, namely, inverse proportional, fitting decreasing and constant value, are matched respectively to adapt to the differentiated maintenance characteristics of various power and electrical equipment in the ship's engine room. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method for allocating maintenance support resources for ship intelligent engine room equipment based on basic maintenance units, as per the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the division of ship repair periods.

[0031] Figure 3 A diagram showing the repair time corresponding to different numbers of repair tools. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] This invention provides a method for allocating maintenance support resources for ship intelligent engine room equipment based on basic maintenance units. To implement this method, the invention first introduces four key steps: basic maintenance unit construction, calculation of average repair time compression rate, conversion of basic maintenance unit fault repair time and repair rate, optimization of basic maintenance units, and equipment availability assessment. Figure 1 As shown.

[0034] (1) Construction of basic maintenance unit A basic maintenance unit (BMU) is the smallest resource unit capable of independently completing a specified maintenance task. It assumes that maintenance personnel perform maintenance activities using maintenance tools, with different tooling requirements necessitating different numbers of personnel. By rationally grouping maintenance personnel and tools according to the needs of maintenance support tasks, BMUs are constructed in a modular form. Combined with historical work hour statistics, a mapping relationship can be established between the number of maintenance personnel, the number of maintenance tools, and the repair rate within a BMU.

[0035] Specifically, a basic maintenance unit is expressed by the number of maintenance tools and maintenance personnel. For any type of cabin equipment maintenance support task, each maintenance tool requires at least [number missing]. If multiple maintenance personnel cooperate, the basic maintenance unit for this type of maintenance support task is defined as the number of maintenance tools. and number of maintenance personnel Grouping.

[0036] Among these, the number of maintenance tools and the number of maintenance personnel are parameters that need to be optimized for a basic maintenance unit. However, the number of maintenance personnel... For the number of maintenance tools Multiples of, more than A smaller number of personnel will not lead to efficiency; fewer than [a certain number] will not lead to efficiency. The number of maintenance personnel will be wasted due to the varying number of maintenance tools. Since the number of maintenance personnel changes with the number of maintenance tools, the number of maintenance personnel is also fixed once the number of maintenance tools is determined. Therefore, it is only necessary to optimize the number of maintenance tools. That's all.

[0037] In this invention, another parameter that needs to be optimized is the number of basic repair units. Number of basic repair units and the number of maintenance tools This constitutes the maintenance and support resource allocation scheme of the present invention: The optimization process provided by this invention yields an optimized maintenance and support resource allocation scheme.

[0038] Among them, the number of maintenance tools The method for determining the optimization range is as follows: Number of maintenance tools The upper limit is limited by the maximum number of maintenance personnel, maintenance tools, and maintenance space that can be configured for a basic maintenance unit. Based on these, the upper limit of the number of maintenance tools for a basic maintenance unit can be determined. .

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the maximum number of maintenance tools is... The method for determining this is as follows: the maximum number of maintenance personnel that can be configured for a basic maintenance unit. Divide by the minimum number of maintenance personnel required to use a maintenance tool. Then round down to obtain the first maximum number of maintenance tools. The number of second maintenance tools is determined based on the limitations of the maintenance site; the maximum number of maintenance tools that can be configured for a basic maintenance unit is recorded as the upper limit of maintenance tools. Within the upper limit of maintenance tools The minimum value among the first maximum number of repair tools and the second maximum number of repair tools shall be used as the upper limit of the number of repair tools. .

[0040] Number of maintenance tools The lower limit can start from 1, or it can refer to previous configurations without the application of intelligent cabins. This invention refers to the previous configuration scheme without the application of intelligent cabins as the "basic support resource configuration scheme," and the number of maintenance tools in this scheme is used as the initial value for the number of maintenance tools. The present invention is intended to be applied to the support resource allocation scheme for intelligent cabins, and is a support resource allocation scheme that needs to be optimized.

[0041] So, the number of maintenance tools The optimization range is: .

[0042] (2) Calculation of the average repair time compression rate This invention introduces a repair mean repair time compression rate. As an optimization indicator for the allocation of maintenance and support resources for engine room equipment, this is used to determine whether the optimized resource allocation plan has achieved its optimization goals. If the optimization goals are achieved, the current resource allocation plan is considered an optimized plan and is recorded. Then, a second optimization indicator—equipment availability—is used. This allows us to compare and select the better option among the optimized configuration schemes.

[0043] The repair mean repair time reduction rate of the present invention Defined as: the repair period reduction ratio formed by using the average repair period corresponding to the resource allocation scheme to be optimized, relative to the average repair period corresponding to the basic resource allocation scheme. The formula is expressed as: (1) in, The average repair time for aircraft without smart cabins is the average repair time corresponding to the optimized support resource allocation scheme. The average repair interval for the application of intelligent cabin is the corresponding average repair interval for the specified basic support resource allocation scheme.

[0044] To calculate the average repair period mentioned above, this invention considers the maintenance of a ship's power and electrical system after a failure to mainly consist of three stages: fault diagnosis, maintenance support resource scheduling, and fault repair.Figure 2 As shown. Based on this, a queuing model is established for the process of cabin equipment malfunctioning, waiting for repair, and the repair process itself. Based on this queuing model, the calculation of the average repair time is constructed as follows: (2) in, This refers to the average repair time. Mean time to troubleshoot; To ensure average maintenance delay time, this parameter in the present invention not only reflects the average maintenance delay time of equipment and spare parts, but also takes into account the average maintenance delay time of maintenance personnel and maintenance tools. The average fault repair time reflects the time spent repairing faulty equipment after maintenance and support resources are in place.

[0045] Formula (1) involves two types of average repair durations— and . The parameters were obtained by calculating the basic support resource allocation scheme. The parameters were calculated using the optimized resource allocation scheme. Specifically, it is expressed as follows: (3) (4) ① Fault diagnosis time

[0046] In the above formula, The fault diagnosis time for systems without intelligent cabins is the fault diagnosis time corresponding to the basic support resource configuration scheme. This parameter is a known parameter of the present invention and can be obtained based on historical data.

[0047] The fault diagnosis time for the intelligent cabin is the fault diagnosis time corresponding to the optimized support resource allocation scheme. This data is based on... Based on this, fault diagnosis accuracy is adopted. Obtained through correction: (5) in, The accuracy of fault diagnosis for equipping ships with intelligent engine rooms.

[0048] ② Average guarantee delay time

[0049] In this invention, the average guarantee delay time This includes the delay time of three categories of maintenance support resources: maintenance personnel, maintenance tools, and spare parts. Average support delay time for spare parts. Using known data. Average support delay time for maintenance personnel and equipment. It needs to be calculated based on the resource allocation plan to be optimized. For the specific calculation process, please refer to formula (11) in the "Basic Maintenance Unit Optimization" section below.

[0050] In formula (3) The basic support resource allocation scheme is used for calculation, and the number of basic maintenance units in the formula adopts the set initial value of basic maintenance units.

[0051] ③Mean Time To Repair

[0052] This invention uses historical data to determine the quantity of maintenance tools. Mean time to repair Mapping relationship:

[0053] in, For the number of maintenance tools The corresponding fault repair time. This represents the mapping function. In formula (4) Substitute into the resource allocation scheme to be optimized To calculate, in formula (3) Substitute into the basic guarantee resource allocation plan To calculate.

[0054] For the detailed calculation process, please refer to the "Basic Repair Unit Fault Repair Time and Repair Rate Conversion" section below.

[0055] (3) Calculation of basic repair unit fault repair time and repair rate The core parameters of a basic repair unit include the repair rate. and available mean time to repair Repair rate Available Mean Time To Repair (MTBT) To calculate: (8) ① The impact of maintenance tools on repair time The relationship between the quantity of maintenance tools and repair time is affected by factors such as task characteristics, collaboration efficiency, and resource constraints. Assuming that one set of maintenance tools has all the capabilities to complete the target maintenance task, there are three main typical patterns of change: a. Inverse proportional function relationship When maintenance and support tasks can be broken down into independent sub-tasks, and these sub-tasks do not require coordination between maintenance personnel, and there are sufficient maintenance personnel, equipment, and spare parts available, the mean time to repair (MTBT) is... Number of maintenance tools They are inversely proportional functions: (9) in, For the number of maintenance tools Corresponding fault repair time; The repair time is calculated when one set of maintenance tools is used to perform this maintenance and support task.

[0056] Assuming a single oil filter replacement task involves replacing 12 oil filters, with each filter's replacement and repair time being 3 hours and independent of the others, and limited by space, a maximum of 6 sets of repair tools can be deployed. Then, what would be the repair time for different numbers of repair tools deployed? Figure 3 As shown.

[0057] b. Marginal diminishing shortening relationship When maintenance tooling has broad application requirements and supports use by one to multiple people, the basic maintenance unit includes... It will change. Clearly, the repair time varies depending on the number of people using the repair tools. Initially, increasing the number of maintenance personnel rapidly shortens the repair time. However, limited by the repair task space, once the number of maintenance personnel exceeds the "optimal number of collaborators," the reduction in repair time gradually decreases with each additional person, eventually approaching a minimum time, forming a diminishing marginal reduction relationship. In this case, this diminishing marginal reduction relationship can be approximated using historical data. The fitted curve can be approximated using a negative exponential function.

[0058] c. No significant relationship When maintenance is underway, and the ship's repair space only allows one person to work or has only one set of maintenance tools, increasing the number of maintenance personnel will not affect the maintenance time. (10) ② The impact of maintenance personnel on the repair rate Maintenance personnel are an essential element of maintenance tasks, determining whether they can be completed. A lack of qualified personnel will directly halt the maintenance process. As defined by the basic maintenance unit, simply considering the number of maintenance personnel constrains the actual number of maintenance tools that play a role. To affect the repair rate, each repair tool requires at least One maintenance worker coordination: When the number of required maintenance workers is greater than When the number of maintenance tools exceeds the number of maintenance personnel, they do not actually participate in the maintenance work, and this has no impact on maintenance efficiency. When the number of maintenance tools exceeds the number of maintenance tools that maintenance personnel can control, the excess maintenance tools will also not affect maintenance efficiency because they are not used.

[0059] (4) Optimization of basic maintenance units As mentioned in the calculation of the average repair duration compression rate, considering the impact of ship power system equipment failures and repair unit recovery rates on average support delay time, a queuing model is established to represent the process from equipment failure and waiting for repair to the repair process. This queuing theory model is used to construct a quantitative relationship between the number of maintenance personnel and tools and support delay time and failure repair time. The number of basic maintenance units is also considered. Given the specified repair mean repair time reduction rate, This allows us to infer the required number of maintenance personnel and tools.

[0060] ① Guarantee delay time calculation model based on queuing theory Ships The vessel experienced a speed malfunction and subsequently entered a shore-based ship repair center. It awaited availability from a repair unit comprised of repair personnel and tools, and if sufficient spare parts were available, to... Repairs are carried out at the appropriate rate, and once completed, the vessel is put back into service to perform navigation missions. If there are no available repair units or a sufficient number of spare parts, the disabled vessel is placed in a repair queue.

[0061] Ship equipment failure rate λ The repair rate of the basic repair unit μ The maximum number of currently optimized cabin equipment that this maintenance base can service is [number]. m Based on queuing theory, the number of basic repair units can be calculated as follows: The average downtime for maintenance personnel and equipment is: (11) in, Average downtime for maintenance personnel and equipment; This represents the number of faulty cabin equipment waiting in line for repair. ; The number of similar cabin equipment that the maintenance base can service; For cumulative variables; Take the number of basic maintenance units in the current resource allocation plan to be optimized; Effective failure rate, used to indicate whether cabin equipment that has failed is under maintenance or awaiting maintenance; ; This represents the sum of the number of faulty cabin equipment that is under maintenance or awaiting maintenance. ; The failure rate of cabin equipment can be calculated by obtaining the mean time between failures (MTBF) of the equipment through statistical analysis of historical data, and then calculating the failure rate. =1 / MTBF; for The probability of a faulty cabin equipment being under maintenance or awaiting maintenance: when 1≤ n When ≤C, we have: When C+1≤ n ≤ m At that time, there were: ; The probability of a basic maintenance unit being idle:

[0062] In the formula, μ To utilize the number of maintenance tools in the current resource allocation plan that needs optimization The repair rate of the established basic repair units; The maintenance intensity of the basic maintenance unit. .

[0063] For formula (3) Calculate the formula above. The initial number of maintenance tools adopted in the basic support resource allocation plan corresponding The number of basic maintenance units is calculated using the initial value set for basic maintenance units. .

[0064] ② Basic maintenance unit quantity configuration based on the required average repair time reduction rate During optimization, the number of maintenance tools Within the range of values, iterate through the quantity of each maintenance tool from smallest to largest. Quantity of maintenance tools Once determined, the corresponding mean time to repair (MTBT) can be calculated. and repair rate These parameters will be used as input parameters for configuring the basic number of maintenance units in this step.

[0065] Let the number of basic maintenance units C increase from 0, and calculate the average support delay time for maintenance personnel and maintenance tools when the initial number of basic maintenance units C is reached. Mean time to availability of spare parts and fault diagnosis time Given as known conditions, then combined with the fault diagnosis time... Average availability delay for maintenance personnel, tools, and spare parts + Mean Time To Repair (MTBT) The average repair time of the configuration scheme to be optimized can be calculated. Since the average repair time of the basic support resource configuration scheme is determined, the repair time of the current configuration scheme to be optimized can be calculated based on formula (1). The average repair period reduction rate is calculated by progressively increasing the number of basic maintenance units C and repeatedly recalculating the new average repair period and average repair period reduction rate until the average repair period reduction rate meets the specified requirements, such as being greater than 20%. At this point, the number of maintenance tools currently traversed can be obtained. The optimal number of basic maintenance units. Record the current number of maintenance tools. and the number of optimized basic maintenance units This serves as an optimal resource allocation solution.

[0066] (5) Equipment Usability Assessment Based on the above process, the required number of basic maintenance units that meet the target requirements for average repair time reduction rate under different basic maintenance units can be obtained, and the availability of equipment can be further calculated.

[0067] The performance evaluation of maintenance and support for typical shipboard power and electrical equipment assesses the support capabilities and efficiency levels provided by ship maintenance and support to ensure the smooth completion of scheduled transportation, exploration, combat, and rescue missions. This can be measured by mission success support capability indicators.

[0068] Based on device availability The formula for evaluating the ability to support task success is as follows: (12) in, For equipment availability; For the health of cabin equipment; Mean time between failures for cabin equipment; The specified fault diagnosis time is adopted using the basic support resource allocation scheme; The average fault repair time is the time corresponding to the optimal support resource allocation scheme determined in the basic maintenance unit optimization process. The average support delay time for maintenance personnel and equipment corresponding to the optimal support resource allocation scheme; Average delay time for designated equipment and spare parts.

[0069] In summary, by solving and selecting the scheme with better equipment availability, we can obtain the configuration requirements of the basic maintenance unit, the configuration requirements of maintenance personnel and maintenance tools in each basic maintenance unit, and the corresponding average repair period.

[0070] Based on the analysis of the above aspects, the completion process of the ship intelligent engine room equipment maintenance support resource allocation method based on basic maintenance units of the present invention includes the following steps: Step 1: For any type of cabin equipment maintenance and support task, each maintenance tooling requires at least If multiple maintenance personnel cooperate, the basic maintenance unit for this type of maintenance support task is defined as the number of maintenance tools. and number of maintenance personnel Grouping.

[0071] Step 2: Determine the maximum number of repair tools for a basic repair unit based on the maximum number of repair personnel, repair tools, and repair space limitations that can be configured for the basic repair unit. Build a number of maintenance tools The range of values ​​for .

[0072] Step 3: Determine the quantity of maintenance tools using historical data. Mean time to repair The mapping relationship; using the mapping relationship, determine the method to be used. The average time to complete maintenance and support tasks using a certain number of sets of maintenance tools and repair rate Determine the average availability delay for maintenance personnel and equipment. With repair rate Number of basic repair units The functional relationship.

[0073] Step 4: Based on the number of basic repair units and the number of maintenance tools Form a resource allocation scheme to be optimized Determine the fault diagnosis time and mean time to repair faults for the resource allocation scheme to be optimized. And the average maintenance delay time for maintenance personnel and equipment. Then, the mean repair duration is calculated. The optimal resource allocation scheme is determined by using the set mean repair duration reduction rate and maximizing equipment availability as evaluation indicators.

[0074] Step 4 specifically includes the following sub-steps: Step 401: Establish a queuing model for the process of equipment failure in the engine room, waiting for repair, and the repair process. Based on the queuing model, define the average repair time as the fault diagnosis time, the average support delay time for maintenance personnel and tools, and the average maintenance delay time. Average delay time for equipment and spare parts The sum of the mean time to repair (MTB) and the mean time to repair (MTB).

[0075] Step 402: Quantity of maintenance tools Within the range of values, iterate through the quantity of each maintenance tool from smallest to largest. Using the mapping relationship determined in step 3, determine the number of maintenance tools traversed. Corresponding mean time to repair .

[0076] Step 403: Number of basic repair units Values ​​start from 0; calculate the current number of maintenance units. Average maintenance delay time for corresponding maintenance personnel and equipment .

[0077] Step 404: Based on the average repair time calculation method, calculate the average maintenance delay time for fault diagnosis, maintenance personnel, and maintenance tools. The average delay time for designated equipment and spare parts, and the average fault repair time. Add them together to obtain the current resource allocation plan that needs to be optimized. Corresponding average repair time Determine the average repair period corresponding to the basic support resource allocation plan. Calculate the average repair time compression rate :

[0078] Step 405: Determine the average repair duration compression rate Is the current number of repair units greater than or equal to the set target for average repair interval reduction? If yes, proceed to step 406; otherwise, reduce the current number of repair units. Incremental update of average covered delay time Repeat steps 404-405 until the repair mean repair time reduction rate target is met.

[0079] Step 406: Record the current number of maintenance tools. and the number of basic repair units This serves as the optimal resource allocation scheme; based on the optimal resource allocation scheme, the availability of corresponding equipment is calculated.

[0080] Step 407: Quantity of maintenance tools Select another maintenance tool quantity within the range of values. And determine the corresponding mean time to repair (MTBT). Then repeat steps 403-407 until all maintenance tool quantity values ​​have been retrieved.

[0081] Step 408: The optimal resource allocation scheme corresponding to the highest equipment availability is taken as the result of the maintenance and support resource allocation for the ship's intelligent engine room equipment.

[0082] The optimization process of this invention is executed independently for each type of maintenance and support task, and different types of maintenance and support tasks are optimized separately.

[0083] The following is a specific example to illustrate the implementation and effects of this invention.

[0084] First, define the input task parameters as shown in Table 1, and the initial input parameters as shown in Table 2: Table 1 Input Task Parameters

[0085] Table 2 Input Initial Parameters

[0086] The optimization results obtained through this invention are shown in the output list in Table 3.

[0087] Table 3 Optimized Output List (Taking oil filter seal cleaning and filter element replacement as an example)

[0088] As shown in Table 3, the table uses an enumeration format to demonstrate the impact of continuously increasing personnel and tooling on the number of basic maintenance units, average repair time, compression ratio, and equipment availability from the initial conditions. The number of maintenance personnel and tooling in the table is set to be equal, because the minimum is used when the two are not equal. The relevant formulas are shown in formulas (9) and (10). Assuming that the maintenance task site for "oil filter sealing, operation, cleaning, and filter element replacement" can support a maximum of 6 people and 6 sets of tooling for simultaneous maintenance operations, the table shows the cases where the number of maintenance personnel and tooling ranges from 2 to 6.

[0089] Table 3 uses a queuing theory approach to show how the number of personnel and tools in a basic maintenance unit gradually increases from 1 until the average repair time reduction rate meets the requirements. The number of basic maintenance units C at this point is then entered into the table.

[0090] For example, see Table 3, “Oil Filter Sealing, Operation, Cleaning and Filter Replacement”. The first row shows the initial conditions, which are the configuration of “Oil Filter Sealing, Operation, Cleaning and Filter Replacement” in Table 2, as well as the calculated results of MTTR, personnel and tooling delay time, and average repair time. These are used to compare with subsequent data and calculate the average repair time compression rate.

[0091] The second line of the section on "Oil Filter Sealing, Operation, Cleaning, and Filter Replacement" calculates the basic maintenance unit quantity C required to meet the average repair time reduction requirement, based on formulas (1), (3), (4), (6), and (11), assuming the same initial conditions for the number of maintenance personnel and tools. In this case, since the initial fault diagnosis time is 10 hours and the fault diagnosis time after configuring the intelligent engine room is 3 hours, even if the personnel and tooling delay time is reduced from 1.4035 hours to 0.2283 hours, the average repair time reduction requirement of 20% can still be met.

[0092] The third line of the section on "Oil Filter Sealing, Operation, Cleaning and Filter Replacement" calculates the basic maintenance unit number C required to meet the average repair time (MTTR) requirement, based on formulas (1), (3), (4), (6), and (11), assuming a total of 3 maintenance personnel and tools. At this point, since the initial fault diagnosis time is 10 hours, and the fault diagnosis time after configuring the intelligent engine room is 3 hours, and the MTTR decreases from 18 hours to 12 hours due to the increase in personnel and tools, even if the personnel and tool delay time increases from 1.4035 hours to 2.4537 hours, the MTTR requirement of 20% can still be met.

[0093] Similarly, for lines four to six, after obtaining the average repair period, compression rate and equipment availability results under different personnel and tooling quantity settings, the equipment availability is calculated according to the improved availability assessment formula (12), and the group with the highest availability is selected as the final solution.

[0094] It's worth noting that for Scenario 1 (1 basic maintenance unit, 6 maintenance personnel, and 6 maintenance tools), compared to Scenario 2 (6 basic maintenance units, 1 maintenance personnel, and 6 maintenance tools), in Scenario 1, all 6 maintenance personnel and 6 maintenance tools in the 1 basic maintenance unit need to participate in maintenance tasks simultaneously, resulting in a lower MTTR. However, if a second piece of equipment fails, it needs to wait in a queue until the basic maintenance unit completes the previous maintenance task before starting its own. Since the maximum number of equipment groups that can be maintained at a maintenance service base is 20, the probability of only one group of equipment failing is far greater than the probability of two groups of equipment failing simultaneously. Therefore... The probability of each group of equipment failing simultaneously across all 7 groups is very small. In most cases, repairs for each group of equipment failures can be performed without queuing. Therefore... The repair time (MTTR) is relatively long due to the small number of personnel and tools.

[0095] Table 3 shows the final selection of the number of maintenance personnel within a basic maintenance unit based on a comparison of equipment availability. Taking the sealing, operation, cleaning, and filter element replacement of an oil filter as an example, two basic maintenance units should be set up, with four maintenance personnel and four sets of maintenance tools per unit.

[0096] As can be seen, by calculating the demand for maintenance personnel and tools for ship power and electrical system equipment, the average repair time reduction rate, and the delay time of various resource guarantees through examples, and finally analyzing based on equipment availability, guidance is provided for the allocation of maintenance support resources such as maintenance personnel and maintenance tools.

[0097] The specific embodiments described above only illustrate the design principles of the present invention. The shapes and names of the components in this description may differ and are not limited. Therefore, those skilled in the art can modify or make equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments; and these modifications and substitutions do not depart from the inventive spirit and technical solutions of the present invention, and should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for allocating maintenance support resources for ship intelligent engine room equipment based on basic maintenance units, characterized in that, include: Step 1: For any type of cabin equipment maintenance and support task, each set of maintenance tooling requires at least If multiple maintenance personnel cooperate, the basic maintenance unit for this type of maintenance support task is defined as the number of maintenance tools. and number of maintenance personnel Grouping; Step 2: Based on the maximum number of maintenance personnel that can be configured for a basic maintenance unit, the maximum number of maintenance tools, the maintenance space limitations, and the constraints on the number of maintenance personnel required for each set of maintenance tools. Determine the upper limit of the number of maintenance tools in a basic maintenance unit. Build a number of maintenance tools The range of values ​​for; Step 3: Determine the quantity of maintenance tools using historical data. Mean time to repair The mapping relationship; Using the mapping relationship, determine the method to be used. Average time to complete maintenance and support tasks with a set of maintenance tools and repair rate ; Determine the average availability delay time for maintenance personnel and tools. With repair rate Number of basic repair units The functional relationship; Step 4: Based on the number of basic repair units and the number of maintenance tools Form a resource allocation scheme to be optimized ; Determine the mean time to failure for the resource allocation scheme to be optimized. Average availability delay for maintenance personnel and equipment Then, the average repair period is calculated; The optimal support resource allocation scheme is determined by using the set average repair duration reduction rate and the maximization of equipment availability as evaluation indicators; the average repair duration reduction rate is the ratio of the average repair duration reduction of the support resource allocation scheme to be optimized relative to the basic support resource allocation scheme.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the constraints are based on the maximum number of maintenance personnel that can be configured for a basic maintenance unit, the maximum number of maintenance tools, the maintenance site limitations, and the number of maintenance personnel required for each set of maintenance tools. Determine the upper limit of the number of maintenance tools in a basic maintenance unit. for: The maximum number of maintenance personnel that can be configured for a basic maintenance unit. Divide by the minimum number of maintenance personnel required to use a maintenance tool. The first maximum number of maintenance tools is obtained by rounding down; the second maximum number of maintenance tools is determined based on the limitations of the maintenance site. The maximum number of maintenance tools that can be configured for a basic maintenance unit. The minimum value among the first maximum number of repair tools and the second maximum number of repair tools shall be used as the upper limit of the number of repair tools. .

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the upper limit of the number of maintenance tools is determined. Number of maintenance tools constructed The range of values ​​for is: , This refers to the number of maintenance tools in the basic support resource configuration.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the mapping relationship falls into three categories: Scenario 1: When maintenance and support tasks can be broken down into independent sub-tasks, and these sub-tasks do not require cooperation between maintenance personnel, and there are sufficient maintenance personnel and spare parts available, the mean time to repair faults is inversely proportional to the number of maintenance tools. in, To adopt The number of sets of maintenance tools and equipment required to complete the fault repair task; To allocate the repair time for one set of maintenance tools to perform similar maintenance support tasks; Scenario 2: When the maintenance tool supports one or more people, the repair time is rapidly reduced when the number of maintenance personnel is increased in the initial stage. However, due to the limited space of the maintenance task, the reduction in repair time gradually decreases when the number of maintenance personnel exceeds the optimal number of collaborators, eventually approaching a minimum time, forming a marginally decreasing shortening relationship. The marginally decreasing shortening relationship is fitted based on historical data. Scenario 3: When a maintenance task is being performed, if the ship's repair space can only accommodate one person or there is only one set of maintenance tools available for one person, then the mean time to repair is a constant. .

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, the average repair period corresponding to the resource allocation plan includes the fault diagnosis time, the average maintenance delay time for maintenance personnel and tools, the average maintenance delay time for equipment and spare parts, and the average fault repair time determined by the mapping relationship.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step 4 includes: Step 401: Establish a queuing model for the process of equipment failure in the cabin, waiting for repair, and the repair process. Based on the queuing model, define the average repair time as the sum of the fault diagnosis time, the average support delay time of maintenance personnel and maintenance tools, the average support delay time of equipment and spare parts, and the average fault repair time. Step 402: Quantity of maintenance tools Within the range of values, iterate through the quantity of each maintenance tool from smallest to largest. Using the mapping relationship, determine the number of maintenance tools traversed. Corresponding mean time to repair ; Step 403: Number of basic repair units Values ​​start from 0; depending on the method used The number of sets of maintenance tools and equipment used to complete maintenance and support tasks; the repair rate. and the current number of maintenance units Using the aforementioned functional relationship, the average maintenance delay time for the corresponding maintenance personnel and equipment is calculated. ; Step 404: Based on the definition of mean repair time, combine the specified fault diagnosis time with the mean availability delay time for maintenance personnel and tools determined in Step 403. The specified average delay time for equipment and spare parts, and the average time to repair faults determined in step 402. Add them together to obtain the current resource allocation plan that needs to be optimized. Corresponding average repair time Determine the average repair period corresponding to the basic support resource allocation plan. ; Calculate the average repair time compression rate : Step 405: Determine the average repair duration compression rate Is the current number of repair units greater than or equal to the set target for average repair interval reduction? If yes, proceed to step 406; otherwise, reduce the current number of repair units. Increasing average downtime for maintenance personnel and tools Repeat steps 404-405 until the target repair mean repair time reduction rate is met; Step 406: Record the current number of maintenance tools. and the number of basic repair units This serves as the optimal resource allocation scheme; based on the optimal resource allocation scheme, the corresponding equipment availability is calculated. Step 407: Quantity of maintenance tools Within the range of values, another number of maintenance tools are extracted, and the corresponding average fault repair time is determined using the mapping relationship. Then repeat steps 403-407 until all maintenance tool quantity values ​​within the range have been processed; Step 408: Select the optimal support resource configuration scheme corresponding to the highest equipment availability as the maintenance support resource configuration result for the ship's intelligent engine room equipment.

7. The method as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The average support delay time for maintenance personnel and equipment is: in, Average downtime for maintenance personnel and equipment; This represents the number of faulty cabin equipment waiting in line for repair. ; The total number of similar cabin equipment that the maintenance base can service; For cumulative variables; This represents the number of basic maintenance units in the current resource allocation plan that needs to be optimized. Effective failure rate, used to indicate whether cabin equipment that has failed is under maintenance or awaiting maintenance; ; This represents the sum of the number of faulty cabin equipment that is under maintenance or awaiting maintenance. ; Failure rate of cabin equipment; for The probability of a faulty cabin equipment being under maintenance or awaiting maintenance: when 1≤ n When ≤C, we have: When C+1≤ n ≤ m At that time, there were: ; The probability of a basic maintenance unit being idle: In the formula, μ To utilize the number of maintenance tools in the current resource allocation plan that needs optimization The repair rate of the established basic repair units; The maintenance intensity of the basic maintenance unit. .

8. The method as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The method for determining the fault diagnosis time is as follows: In the average repair period corresponding to the basic support resource allocation plan, the fault diagnosis time adopts the set fault diagnosis time. ; In the average repair period corresponding to the resource allocation scheme to be optimized, the fault diagnosis time is based on the fault diagnosis accuracy. Corrected fault diagnosis time , .

9. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The availability of the device is calculated as follows: in, For equipment availability; For the health of cabin equipment; Mean time between failures for cabin equipment; The set fault diagnosis accuracy rate; The specified fault diagnosis time is adopted using the basic support resource allocation scheme; The average fault repair time corresponding to the optimal resource allocation scheme; The average support delay time for maintenance personnel and equipment corresponding to the optimal support resource allocation scheme; Average delay time for designated equipment and spare parts.

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