A highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system

Abstract

The application provides a highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system, and relates to the technical field of highway traffic. The system comprises an owner platform, a first remote transmission link, a second local intranet transmission link, a host, and a plurality of roadside early warning terminal devices. The first remote transmission link is connected to the owner platform, a cloud platform, a cloud server, and the host in sequence. A data interaction channel is established between the host and the cloud server through a 4G wireless communication mode. The second local intranet transmission link is connected to the owner platform, an intranet server, a switch, and the host in sequence. LORA wireless short-distance networking is adopted to replace the traditional full-wired wiring scheme, thereby greatly reducing the workload and construction cost of network cable laying. The roadside variable lane sign can be installed by relying on the existing gantry structure modification, without the need for a large number of additional civil engineering projects. The double transmission link can reuse the existing intranet or public network infrastructure of the highway, thereby reducing the deployment threshold and facilitating large-scale deployment along the highway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of highway transportation technology, and more specifically, relates to a highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system. Background Technology

[0002] The construction and operation of disaster monitoring and early warning systems should improve the ability and level of highway infrastructure to prevent major damage caused by natural disasters. The construction and operation of monitoring and early warning systems should follow the principles of "safety and reliability, stability and efficiency, economy and practicality, and adaptability and compatibility".

[0003] Existing technologies, taking wired broadcasting systems as an example, are mostly based on mains power, lacking emergency power supplies and solar power, and are directly connected to the platform via traditional network cables and amplifiers. Flashing lights, for example, are mostly solar-powered, operate locally, and lack network connectivity. Even communication between devices is via 2.4G or GPS, limiting their operation to local use. Lighting facilities still rely on traditional power-connected circuit control, with direct connection to the platform via RS485 or network cables from the backend. Laser lights, for example, only meet timer control requirements. Information boards are also independently connected to the platform via network cables, with no local linkage. Simple text display screens mostly display fixed text, requiring remote control via PLC or local network switching. Traffic lights and roadside reversible lanes are also controlled by traditional PLCs. The above model does not meet the actual early warning needs of natural disasters on highways. There are no local measures to deal with power outages or network disruptions. Moreover, the traditional implementation of power outages and network disruptions is costly and has low economic efficiency, making it unsuitable for large-scale promotion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system.

[0005] A highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system includes an owner platform, a first remote transmission link, a second local intranet transmission link, a host, and several roadside early warning terminal devices. The first remote transmission link sequentially connects the owner platform, a cloud platform, a cloud server, and the host. The host and the cloud server establish a data interaction channel via 4G wireless communication. The second local intranet transmission link sequentially connects the owner platform, an intranet server, a switch, and the host. The host and the switch establish a data interaction channel via wired network communication. The host integrates a LoRa short-range wireless communication module, an RS485 communication interface, an RJ45 network port, a 4G cellular communication module, and a GPS positioning and timing module. The host is networked with all roadside early warning terminal devices via the LoRa short-range wireless communication module. The LoRa short-range wireless communication coverage range is 2 kilometers. The host can send synchronous linkage control commands to all roadside early warning terminal devices.

[0006] Preferably, the host and each roadside early warning terminal device are equipped with a dual power supply unit. The dual power supply unit includes a mains power supply branch and a solar power supply branch. The dual power supply unit has a built-in battery as an emergency backup power source in case of power failure. Under normal conditions, it is powered by the mains power and charges the battery. When the mains power is interrupted, it automatically switches to the solar power supply branch and the battery power supply. The host and each type of roadside early warning terminal device are equipped with a local one-button emergency start button. In the case of network failure, the local one-button emergency start button triggers LORA short-range wireless communication to realize synchronous local early warning operation of all roadside early warning terminal devices.

[0007] Preferably, the roadside early warning terminal equipment includes an audible alarm facility, which includes a networked power amplifier and a directional broadcasting device. The networked power amplifier is equipped with an RJ45 network port and a 4G cellular communication module. The networked power amplifier is electrically connected to the host via an I / O line. The networked power amplifier can receive MP3 alarm audio and text-to-speech alarm information sent by the host, and supports remote adjustment of playback volume, playback frequency, and voice content. The rated power of the directional broadcasting device is not less than 150W. The directional broadcasting device and the networked power amplifier are equipped with a local one-button emergency start button. The roadside early warning terminal equipment also includes a first type of photoelectric alarm facility, which includes a lighting facility host and several low-position lighting fixtures.

[0008] Preferably, the lighting facility host is networked with the main unit via a LoRa short-range wireless communication module. Each low-position lighting fixture has a power of 8 watts and is installed at the location of the highway guardrail. The brightness and uniformity of the low-position lighting fixtures meet the relevant national standards for road lighting. The lighting facility host receives commands from the main unit to turn on, turn off, and adjust brightness. The lighting facility host is equipped with a local one-button emergency start button. The roadside early warning terminal equipment also includes a second type of photoelectric alarm facility, which includes a laser light controller and a color laser emitter. The laser light controller is electrically connected to the main unit via an RS485 communication interface. The laser light controller and the strobe light device are mounted on the same pole. The laser light controller is equipped with a three-button operation controller, which includes a power button, a function button, and a speed adjustment button. The color laser emitter includes a 520nm green laser emitter, a 638nm red laser emitter, and a 450nm blue laser emitter. The laser light controller can control the color laser emitter to switch between monochrome scanning mode, color scanning mode, and multiple scanning speeds.

[0009] Preferably, the roadside warning terminal equipment further includes an integrated audio-visual text alarm unit. The integrated audio-visual text alarm unit includes a strobe light device and a simple text display screen. The strobe light device and the simple text display screen are integrated into one unit. Multiple sets of integrated audio-visual text alarm units are set up, and all of them are networked with the host via LORA short-range wireless. The strobe light device is equipped with multiple sets of rectangular red and blue light-emitting diodes. The red and blue light-emitting diodes flash alternately at high frequency. The flashing frequency and brightness can be remotely adjusted by the host. The simple text display screen is composed of an array of yellow light-emitting diode beads and can switch to display warning text for stop, slow down, rain, snow, ice, and wind. Multiple simple text display screens can be spliced ​​together to output continuous warning messages.

[0010] Preferably, the roadside early warning terminal equipment also includes a text warning information board, which complies with the requirements of the "Highway LED Variable Message Signs" (GB23828-2023) standard. The text warning information board integrates a LORA short-range wireless communication module, an RJ45 network port, and a 4G cellular communication module. The text warning information board can receive the LORA local linkage activation signal sent by the host, and supports remote wired and wireless release of early warning text information. It can display complete early warning content such as disaster type, control measures, and detour suggestions.

[0011] Preferably, the roadside early warning terminal equipment further includes a first type of obstruction facility, which is a road traffic signal light and its supporting network controller. The road traffic signal light complies with the requirements of the "Specifications for the Installation and Setting of Road Traffic Signal Lights" (GB14886-2016). The supporting network controller for the road traffic signal light integrates an RJ45 network port, a 4G cellular communication module, a LoRa short-range wireless communication module, and a dual power supply unit. The supporting network controller is equipped with a local one-button emergency start button, which can switch to a red light prohibition state during disaster early warning. The roadside early warning terminal equipment also includes a second type of obstruction facility, which is a roadside variable lane sign and its supporting multiple controllers. The roadside variable lane sign is installed and modified based on the existing gantry structure of the highway. The supporting controller for the roadside variable lane sign integrates an RJ45 network port, a 4G cellular communication module, a LoRa short-range wireless communication module, and a dual power supply unit. The supporting controller is equipped with a local one-button emergency start button.

[0012] Preferably, the host adopts the TCPClient communication protocol and supports docking with external third-party highway disaster monitoring equipment platforms to realize integrated interaction of disaster monitoring data and early warning control commands. The owner platform can remotely modify the host's 4G network configuration parameters and internal wired network configuration parameters through the first remote transmission link and the second local intranet transmission link, remotely collect online status data of the host and all roadside early warning terminal devices in real time, and remotely issue various early warning control commands.

[0013] Preferably, the host is equipped with a GPS positioning and time synchronization module. The host uses the GPS positioning and time synchronization module to achieve unified time synchronization of all roadside early warning terminal devices in the entire system, ensuring consistent timing of LORA wireless synchronization linkage and remote platform command issuance.

[0014] Preferably, the LORA short-range wireless communication module can be replaced with other short-range wireless networking methods such as NB-IoT, Bluetooth, and radio frequency to achieve local device linkage. Alternatively, a single LORA host can be set up as a centralized communication node, with all roadside early warning terminal devices on site reporting data to the single LORA host and receiving control commands. Linkage control between all roadside early warning terminal devices can also be achieved through wired communication via the local intranet.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In this invention, the system adopts a dual-link parallel upper-layer communication architecture of 4G wireless remote transmission and intranet wired transmission, and is equipped with a terminal control architecture that combines LORA local wireless networking with RS485 and IO wired control. The multi-mode communication methods are redundant and backup for each other, which is suitable for remote mountainous highway scenarios without intranet infrastructure, as well as tunnel groups and service area scenarios with existing fiber optic local area networks. The transmission mode can be flexibly selected according to the site conditions, which significantly improves the system's environmental adaptability and communication reliability.

[0016] In this invention, the host and various roadside early warning terminal devices are equipped with a local one-button emergency start button. In the absence of network access, there is no need to rely on the owner platform to issue instructions. Pressing any button can trigger the synchronous start of early warning for all devices in the area through LORA short-range wireless communication, realizing rapid emergency response in offline state. This solves the defect of traditional early warning systems that completely fail after network access and ensures the availability of early warning function in the event of a disaster.

[0017] In this invention, the main unit and all roadside early warning terminal equipment are equipped with dual power supply units, including a mains power supply branch, a solar power supply branch, and a built-in battery. Under normal conditions, the mains power supply charges the battery. When the mains power is interrupted, it automatically switches to solar and battery power supply, which can maintain the equipment's continuous operation for a long time. This effectively solves the problem of early warning facilities being paralyzed after power outages in remote road sections and greatly improves the system's continuous working ability in scenarios such as power outages and extreme weather.

[0018] In this invention, LORA short-range wireless communication enables unified networking of various types of terminal devices, including sound alarms, photoelectric alarms, text alarms, and lane blocking, within a 2-kilometer range. A single warning command can trigger all devices to execute corresponding actions synchronously, breaking the data silos of traditional highway warning devices and forming a closed-loop warning system that integrates sound warnings, photoelectric warnings, text prompts, and lane control, significantly improving the overall warning effect and response efficiency of disaster warnings.

[0019] In this invention, LORA wireless short-range networking is used to replace the traditional wired cabling solution along the entire route, which significantly reduces the amount of network cable and cable laying work and construction costs; the roadside variable lane signs can be installed by modifying the existing gantry structure without the need for a large amount of additional civil engineering work; the dual transmission links can reuse the existing intranet or public network infrastructure of the highway, lowering the deployment threshold; the unified platform enables centralized management and control of all devices in the region, reducing the later operation and maintenance costs. The overall solution is economical and applicable, and is easy to promote and deploy on a large scale along the highway. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first remote transmission link system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second local intranet transmission link system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0022] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system, including an owner platform, a first remote transmission link, a second local intranet transmission link, a host, and several roadside early warning terminal devices. The first remote transmission link is sequentially connected to the owner platform, a cloud platform, a cloud server, and the host. The host and the cloud server establish a data interaction channel via 4G wireless communication. The second local intranet transmission link is sequentially connected to the owner platform, an intranet server, a switch, and the host. The host and the switch establish a data interaction channel via wired network communication. The host integrates a LORA short-range wireless communication module, an RS485 communication interface, an RJ45 network port, a 4G cellular communication module, and a GPS positioning and timing module. The host is networked with all roadside early warning terminal devices through the LORA short-range wireless communication module. The LORA short-range wireless communication coverage range is 2 kilometers. The host can send synchronous linkage control commands to all roadside early warning terminal devices. The main unit and each roadside early warning terminal device are equipped with a dual power supply unit, which includes a mains power supply branch and a solar power supply branch. The dual power supply unit has a built-in battery as an emergency backup power source in case of power failure. Under normal conditions, it is powered by the mains power and charges the battery. When the mains power is interrupted, it automatically switches to the solar power supply branch and the battery power supply. The main unit and each type of roadside early warning terminal device are equipped with a local one-button emergency start button. In the case of network failure, the local one-button emergency start button triggers LORA short-range wireless communication to realize synchronous local early warning operation of all roadside early warning terminal devices.

[0023] The main unit and each roadside early warning terminal are equipped with dual power supply units. Under normal conditions, the mains power supply branch supplies power to the equipment and charges the built-in battery. When the mains power is interrupted, the dual power supply units automatically detect the power failure and switch to the solar power supply branch and battery power supply to maintain the continuous operation of the main unit and all roadside early warning terminal equipment. This ensures that core functions such as LORA short-range wireless communication, local one-button emergency start, and early warning equipment operation work normally under power failure conditions, solving the problem of early warning facilities failing after power failure in remote road sections.

[0024] The roadside early warning terminal equipment includes an audible alarm facility, which includes a networked power amplifier and a directional broadcasting device. The networked power amplifier is equipped with an RJ45 network port and a 4G cellular communication module. The networked power amplifier is electrically connected to the host via an I / O line. The networked power amplifier can receive MP3 alarm audio and text-to-speech alarm information sent by the host, and supports remote adjustment of playback volume, playback frequency and voice content. The rated power of the directional broadcasting device is not less than 150W. The directional broadcasting device and the networked power amplifier are equipped with a local one-button emergency start button. The roadside early warning terminal equipment also includes a Class I photoelectric alarm facility, which includes a lighting facility host and several low-level lighting fixtures.

[0025] The sound alarm system includes two types of equipment: high-power broadcasting and directional broadcasting. The high-power broadcasting equipment has a rated power of no less than 300W and a maximum sound pressure level of no less than 125dB at 1 meter. The directional broadcasting equipment has a rated power of no less than 150W and a maximum sound pressure level of no less than 135dB at 1 meter. Under 2kHz / -3dB conditions, the horizontal × vertical beam angle is 15° × 30°. Both types of broadcasting equipment must operate continuously at the maximum sound pressure level for no less than 4 hours, and the maximum sound pressure level attenuation must not exceed 3dB. The local broadcasting unit consists of a wide-voltage DC 12V~24V networked power amplifier, a 150W directional broadcasting device, and a pre-set... The system consists of a dual power supply system of mains power and solar power. The networked amplifier adopts dual communication methods of network port and 4G. The target server IP and port number can be automatically set through debugging tools to adapt to different power supply and networking conditions on site. The system supports sending alarm audio in MP3 format over the network and also supports sending alarm information in text-to-speech mode. The platform can remotely set the playback period, playback volume, number of playbacks, interval duration and voice timbre. The networked amplifier has a one-button start button on the outside of the cabinet. It can also be connected to a strobe light and a simple text prompt screen host. In the case of network disconnection, a broadcast alarm can be triggered by a local one-button button.

[0026] When the sound alarm facility is working, the networked power amplifier receives control commands and alarm audio data sent by the host through the RJ45 network port or 4G cellular communication module. When the host sends an MP3 alarm audio file, the networked power amplifier directly decodes and drives the directional broadcasting device to play it. When the host sends a text alarm message, the networked power amplifier converts the text into a voice signal through the built-in text-to-speech module and then drives the directional broadcasting device to play it. During the playback, the owner platform can remotely adjust the playback volume, playback frequency and voice content through the host. The directional broadcasting device outputs directional sound waves with a rated power of not less than 150W. When the network is disconnected or the remote command is interrupted, the operator presses the local one-button emergency start button set on the directional broadcasting device or the networked power amplifier to directly trigger the networked power amplifier to play the preset alarm audio, realizing local offline voice early warning. The first type of photoelectric alarm facility takes the lighting facility host as the control core and several low-level lighting fixtures as slaves connected to the lighting facility host to form a low-level lighting early warning subsystem.

[0027] The lighting facility's main unit is networked with the host via a LoRa short-range wireless communication module. Each low-position lighting fixture has a power of 8 watts and is installed at the location of the highway guardrail. The brightness and uniformity of the low-position lighting fixtures meet the relevant national standards for road lighting. The lighting facility's main unit receives commands from the host to turn the lights on, off, and adjust the brightness. The main unit is equipped with a local one-button emergency start button. The roadside warning terminal equipment also includes a second type of photoelectric alarm facility, which includes a laser light controller and a color laser emitter. The laser light controller is electrically connected to the host via an RS485 communication interface. The laser light controller and the strobe light device are installed on the same pole. The laser light controller is equipped with a three-button operation controller, which includes a power button, a function button, and a speed adjustment button. The color laser emitter includes a 520nm green laser emitter, a 638nm red laser emitter, and a 450nm blue laser emitter. The laser light controller can control the color laser emitter to switch between monochrome scanning mode, color scanning mode, and multiple scanning speeds.

[0028] When the first type of photoelectric alarm facility is in operation, the lighting facility host establishes a network connection with the main unit via a LoRa short-range wireless communication module. After receiving the on / off and brightness adjustment commands from the main unit, it synchronously outputs control signals to all low-level lighting fixtures under its jurisdiction, driving each 8-watt low-level lighting fixture to turn on or off and adjust its brightness. These low-level lighting fixtures are installed at the location of highway guardrails to improve road visibility through low-level illumination. Their brightness and uniformity meet the relevant national standards for road lighting. When the network is down, the operator presses the local one-button emergency start button configured on the lighting facility host, and the host directly sends an on / off command to all low-level lighting fixtures, realizing local offline lighting early warning. The second type of photoelectric alarm facility... During operation, the laser light controller is electrically connected to the host computer via an RS485 communication interface, receiving switch and mode control commands from the host computer. The laser light controller and the strobe light device are mounted on the same pole and receive control signals from the host computer. The operator can perform local operation through the configured three-button control controller. The power button controls the laser light to start and stop, the function button switches between monochrome and color scanning modes, and the speed adjustment button adjusts the scanning speed level. The laser light controller drives the color laser emitting device to output green laser with a wavelength of 520nm, red laser with a wavelength of 638nm, and blue laser with a wavelength of 450nm. It also switches between monochrome and color scanning modes and multiple scanning speeds according to the instructions, projecting a high-altitude laser warning beam towards oncoming vehicles.

[0029] The roadside warning terminal equipment also includes an integrated audio-visual text alarm unit. This unit comprises a strobe light device and a simple text display screen, integrated into a single unit. Multiple units are configured, all networked with the host via LoRa short-range wireless. The strobe light device features multiple rectangular red and blue LEDs that flash alternately at high frequency. The flashing frequency and brightness can be remotely adjusted by the host. The simple text display screen consists of an array of yellow LEDs and can switch between displaying warning texts for stop, slow down, rain, snow, ice, and wind. Multiple simple text display screens can be combined to output continuous warning messages. The roadside warning terminal equipment also includes a text warning information board, which complies with the "Highway LED Variable Message Signs" (GB23828-2023) standard. The text warning information board integrates a LoRa short-range wireless communication module, an RJ45 network port, and a 4G cellular communication module. It can receive LoRa local linkage activation signals from the host and simultaneously support… The roadside early warning terminal equipment supports remote wired and wireless text message dissemination, displaying complete warning content such as disaster type, control measures, and detour suggestions. It also includes a first type of obstruction facility: road traffic lights and their associated network controllers. The road traffic lights comply with the "Specifications for the Installation and Setting of Road Traffic Lights" (GB14886-2016). The network controllers for the road traffic lights integrate RJ45 network ports, 4G cellular communication modules, LORA short-range wireless communication modules, and dual power supply units. Each network controller has a local one-button emergency start button, which can switch to a red light prohibition state during disaster warnings. The second type of obstruction facility includes a roadside variable lane sign and multiple associated controllers. The roadside variable lane sign is installed and modified based on the existing highway gantry structure. The controllers for the roadside variable lane sign integrate RJ45 network ports, 4G cellular communication modules, LORA short-range wireless communication modules, and dual power supply units. Each controller has a local one-button emergency start button.

[0030] The strobe light features active red and blue LEDs that flash alternately at high frequencies, providing an alarm function. It has two sets of red and two sets of blue LEDs, each a rectangular surface of uniform size, no less than 15 cm x 15 cm, with a brightness of no less than 5000 candela per square meter and a flashing frequency of no less than 5 Hz. The red and blue alternating flashing duration is 1:1. The strobe light adopts a master-slave architecture design, integrating the slave unit with a simple text display screen. The master unit establishes a short-range wireless network with multiple slave units via LoRa, enabling wireless control within a 2 km coverage area. A single master unit can manage all strobe light devices within the area, achieving synchronized wireless flashing across multiple devices. In the event of a network outage, it supports local one-button activation to trigger an alarm.

[0031] The average brightness of road lighting shall not be less than 1.5 candela per square meter, the minimum total uniformity of lighting shall be 0.4, the minimum longitudinal uniformity shall be 0.7, the maximum initial value of glare limit increment shall be 10, the minimum ambient ratio shall be 0.5, the power of a single low-level lighting fixture shall be 8W, and it shall be installed at the highway guardrail to achieve low-level road lighting. The lighting facility adopts a master-slave architecture and achieves short-distance networking through LORA. The power supply method can be configured with a dual power supply system of complementary mains power or pure solar power. The master unit can issue commands to the slave units to turn on, turn off, and adjust the brightness, so as to realize remote control of all slave units and the lighting fixtures under its jurisdiction. The lighting facility master unit is equipped with a local one-button start button to support local on-site lighting.

[0032] The laser light features remote linkage control. In an emergency, the light source can project a warning beam towards oncoming vehicles at a set angle. The laser light, strobe light, and simple text display screen are mounted on the same pole, receiving control signals from the main unit. It supports both local and remote on / off control. The laser light is equipped with a 4W color laser emitter, including three light sources: 520nm green laser, 638nm red laser, and 450nm blue laser. It comes with a specially designed three-button operation controller, corresponding to power, function, and speed adjustment functions. It has a built-in high-speed single-chip microcomputer control system, which can continuously and cyclically control the scanning mode, scanning speed, and color change of the laser equipment through level triggering. The scanning modes include 3 monochrome modes and 17 color modes, and the scanning speed supports 20 levels of adjustment.

[0033] When the integrated audio-visual text alarm unit is working, the strobe light device and the simple text display screen are integrated and set up as slave units. They are networked with the host via LORA short-range wireless. After multiple integrated audio-visual text alarm units receive the synchronization linkage command issued by the host, the strobe light device drives multiple sets of rectangular red and blue light-emitting diodes to flash alternately at high frequency. The flashing frequency and brightness can be remotely adjusted by the host. The simple text display screen is composed of an array of yellow light-emitting diode beads. After receiving the command, it switches to display warning texts such as stop, slow down, rain, snow, ice, and wind. Multiple simple text display screens can be spliced ​​together to output continuous warning sentences. When the text alarm information board is working, it receives the LORA local linkage start signal issued by the host through the integrated LORA short-range wireless communication module. At the same time, it receives warning text information issued remotely via RJ45 network port or 4G cellular communication module, displaying complete warning content such as disaster type, control measures, and detour suggestions. Its performance indicators meet the requirements of the "Highway LED Variable Message Signs" (GB23828-2023) standard. When the first type of barrier facility is in operation, the road traffic signal network controller receives control commands from the host through an RJ45 network port, a 4G cellular communication module, or a LoRa short-range wireless communication module, driving the road traffic signal to switch to the red light prohibition state. Its performance indicators meet the requirements of the "Road Traffic Signal Setting and Installation Specification" (GB14886-2016). In case of network failure, the operator can locally trigger the red light prohibition by pressing the local one-button emergency start button set on the network controller. The network controller is continuously powered by dual power supply units. When the second type of barrier facility is in operation, the roadside variable lane sign is installed and modified based on the existing gantry structure of the highway. Its multiple controllers receive control commands from the host through an RJ45 network port, a 4G cellular communication module, or a LoRa short-range wireless communication module, adjusting the display status of the roadside variable lane sign to implement lane control. In case of network failure, the operator can locally trigger lane control by pressing the local one-button emergency start button set on the controller. The controller is continuously powered by dual power supply units.

[0034] The host adopts the TCPClient communication protocol and supports connection to external third-party highway disaster monitoring equipment platforms to realize integrated interaction of disaster monitoring data and early warning control commands. The owner platform can remotely modify the host's 4G network configuration parameters and internal wired network configuration parameters through the first remote transmission link and the second local intranet transmission link, remotely collect online status data of the host and all roadside early warning terminal devices in real time, and remotely issue various early warning control commands.

[0035] The host adopts the TCPClient communication protocol and supports connection to external third-party highway disaster monitoring equipment platforms to realize integrated interaction of disaster monitoring data and early warning control commands. The owner platform can remotely modify the host's 4G network configuration parameters and internal wired network configuration parameters through the first remote transmission link or the second local intranet transmission link, remotely collect online status data of the host and all roadside early warning terminal devices in real time, and remotely issue various early warning control commands to achieve unified management and status monitoring of all devices in the region.

[0036] The host is equipped with a GPS positioning and time synchronization module. The host uses the GPS positioning and time synchronization module to complete the unified time synchronization of all roadside early warning terminal devices in the entire system, ensuring the consistency of LORA wireless synchronization linkage and remote platform command issuance timing. The LORA short-range wireless communication module can be replaced with other short-range wireless networking methods such as NB-IoT, Bluetooth, and radio frequency to achieve local device linkage. Alternatively, a single LORA host can be set as a centralized communication node, with all roadside early warning terminal devices on site reporting data to this single LORA host and receiving control commands. Linkage control between all roadside early warning terminal devices can also be achieved through local intranet wired communication.

[0037] The local short-range communication networking method of this system can be flexibly adjusted according to the site conditions: the LORA short-range wireless communication module can be replaced with other short-range wireless networking methods such as NB-IoT, Bluetooth, and radio frequency to realize local device linkage. Alternatively, a single LORA host can be set up as a centralized communication node, and all roadside early warning terminal devices on site will report data to the single LORA host and receive control commands. Linkage control between all roadside early warning terminal devices can also be realized through local intranet wired communication. None of the above variations change the core function of the system's global linkage early warning.

[0038] Example 2 Please see Figure 2 This invention provides a highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system, including an owner platform, a first remote transmission link, a second local intranet transmission link, a host, and several roadside early warning terminal devices. The first remote transmission link sequentially connects the owner platform, a cloud platform, a cloud server, and the host. The host and the cloud server establish a data interaction channel via 4G wireless communication. The second local intranet transmission link sequentially connects the owner platform, an intranet server, a switch, and the host. The host and the switch establish a data interaction channel via wired network communication. The host integrates a LoRa short-range wireless communication module, an RS485 communication interface, an RJ45 network port, a 4G cellular communication module, and a GPS positioning and timing module. The host is networked with all roadside early warning terminal devices via the LoRa short-range wireless communication module. The LoRa short-range wireless communication coverage range is 2 kilometers. The host can send synchronous linkage control commands to all roadside early warning terminal devices.

[0039] The second local intranet transmission link: The owner platform is deployed in the monitoring center of the highway tunnel group, the intranet server is deployed in the section computer room, and multiple switches are distributed along the tunnel group. The switches are connected to each other through fiber optic links to form the local intranet of the tunnel group. Hosts are deployed at the entrance of the tunnel group and key sections. The hosts are connected to the nearest switch through RJ45 network ports via wired network cable communication, thereby establishing a second local intranet transmission link with the intranet server and the owner platform. This link connects the owner platform, the intranet server, the switch and the host in sequence.

[0040] The main unit integrates a LORA short-range wireless communication module, an RS485 communication interface, an RJ45 network port, a 4G cellular communication module, and a GPS positioning and timing module. The 4G cellular communication module serves as a backup communication channel. The main unit connects to all roadside early warning terminal devices within a 2-kilometer coverage radius via the LORA short-range wireless communication module. The roadside early warning terminal devices include sound alarm facilities, Class I photoelectric alarm facilities, Class II photoelectric alarm facilities, integrated sound and light text alarm units, text alarm information boards, Class I obstruction facilities, and Class II obstruction facilities.

[0041] The sound alarm system includes a networked amplifier and directional broadcasting equipment. The networked amplifier is electrically connected to the main unit via I / O lines and is also equipped with an RJ45 network port for connection to a field switch. The first type of photoelectric alarm system includes a lighting unit main unit and several low-level lighting fixtures. The lighting unit main unit is networked with the main unit via a LoRa short-range wireless communication module. Each low-level lighting fixture has a power of 8 watts and is installed at the tunnel entrances and exits and on the guardrails inside the tunnel. The second type of photoelectric alarm system includes a laser light controller and a color laser emitter. The laser light controller is electrically connected to the main unit via an RS485 communication interface and is installed on the same pole as the flashing light device at the tunnel entrance gantry. The integrated sound and light text alarm unit includes a flashing light device and a simple text display screen. Both are integrated and networked with the host via LORA short-range wireless. Multiple sets are deployed at intervals along the tunnel group. The text warning information board integrates a LORA short-range wireless communication module, an RJ45 network port, and a 4G cellular communication module. It is deployed in front of the tunnel group entrance and complies with the requirements of the "Highway LED Variable Information Signs" (GB23828-2023) standard. The first type of barrier facility is the road traffic signal light and its supporting network controller, which is deployed at the tunnel entrance ramp and complies with the requirements of the "Road Traffic Signal Light Installation Specification" (GB14886-2016) standard. The second type of barrier facility is the roadside variable lane sign and its supporting multiple controllers, which are installed and modified based on the existing gantry structure of the tunnel group.

[0042] The main unit and each roadside early warning terminal device are equipped with a dual power supply unit, which includes a mains power supply branch and a solar power supply branch. The built-in battery serves as an emergency backup power source in case of power failure. The main unit and each type of roadside early warning terminal device are equipped with a local one-button emergency start button.

[0043] When natural disasters or emergencies such as landslides, flooding, or fires occur in the tunnel section, the monitoring center operators generate early warning commands through the owner's platform. The early warning commands are transmitted via the second local intranet transmission link: the command is first sent to the intranet server, then forwarded by the intranet server to the field switch, and then sent to the host via wired network communication. The host receives the wired transmission command data through the integrated RJ45 network port, completes command parsing and verification, and then broadcasts the synchronous linkage control command to all roadside early warning terminal devices within a 2-kilometer coverage radius through the LORA short-range wireless communication module.

[0044] After receiving the LORA linkage command, each terminal device synchronously executes the warning action: In the sound alarm system, the networked power amplifier receives the MP3 alarm audio or text-to-speech alarm information sent by the host through the IO line, and drives the directional broadcasting equipment to play the warning voice at a rated power of not less than 150W. The playback volume, playback frequency and voice content are set remotely by the owner platform through the host. In the first type of photoelectric alarm system, the lighting facility host receives the command to turn on the lights and adjust the brightness, and drives all 8-watt low-position lighting fixtures to turn on in batches to improve the visibility of the tunnel surface. In the second type of photoelectric alarm system, the laser light controller receives the host control signal through the RS485 communication interface, drives the color laser emitting device to output a 520nm wavelength green laser, a 638nm wavelength red laser and a 450nm wavelength blue laser, and switches to color scanning mode. The system projects a high-altitude laser warning towards oncoming vehicles. In the integrated audio-visual text warning unit, the strobe light device activates red and blue LEDs that flash alternately at high frequency. The simple text display screen synchronously switches to display the corresponding warning text. Multiple screens are spliced ​​together to output continuous warning statements. The text warning information board receives the LORA local linkage activation signal and simultaneously receives complete warning texts such as disaster type, control measures, and detour suggestions remotely via the RJ45 network port. In the first type of barrier facility, the road traffic signal light network controller receives the instruction and switches the signal light to the red light prohibition state. In the second type of barrier facility, the roadside variable lane sign controller receives the instruction and adjusts the lane passage status to implement traffic control at the tunnel entrance. Through the synchronous action of the above-mentioned multiple types of equipment, a closed-loop warning system integrating sound, light, text, and barrier is formed.

[0045] During this process, the host uses the TCPClient communication protocol to support the connection with existing third-party highway disaster monitoring equipment platforms such as fire detection and visibility monitoring in the tunnel group, realizing the integrated interaction of disaster monitoring data and early warning control commands. The owner platform can remotely modify the wired network configuration parameters of the host's intranet through the second local intranet transmission link, remotely collect online status data of the host and all roadside early warning terminal devices in real time, and remotely issue various early warning control commands. The host obtains satellite standard time through the GPS positioning and time synchronization module, and synchronizes the clocks of all terminal devices through LORA short-range wireless communication to ensure the consistency of the early warning action sequence of multiple devices.

[0046] When the fiber optic link within the tunnel network is interrupted or the wired communication between the switch and the host fails, the system enters a local offline emergency mode. Operators press the local one-button emergency start button on the host or any roadside warning terminal device. The trigger signal is broadcast directly to all roadside warning terminal devices within a 2-kilometer range via the LORA short-range wireless communication module. After receiving the local one-button start signal, each terminal device can directly and synchronously execute warning actions without waiting for instructions from the owner platform. These actions include playing preset alarm audio through the network amplifier, activating the flashing red and blue lights, displaying warning text on the simple text prompt screen, turning on low-level lighting fixtures, switching road traffic lights to red, and adjusting the control status of roadside variable lane signs. This achieves local offline full-area linkage warning in the event of a network outage. The 4G cellular communication module integrated in the host can serve as a backup communication channel to temporarily establish remote data interaction with the owner platform before the local intranet is restored.

[0047] Under normal conditions, the dual power supply unit supplies power to the main unit and all roadside early warning terminal equipment via the mains power supply branch, and charges the built-in battery. When the mains power to the tunnel group is interrupted, the dual power supply unit automatically detects the power outage and switches to the solar power supply branch and battery power supply to maintain the continuous operation of the main unit and all roadside early warning terminal equipment. This ensures that core functions such as LORA short-range wireless communication, local one-button emergency start, and early warning equipment operation work normally under power outage conditions, and ensures that the tunnel group early warning system can still operate normally in power outage scenarios.

[0048] The local short-range communication networking method of this system can be flexibly adjusted according to the site conditions: the LORA short-range wireless communication module can be replaced with other short-range wireless networking methods such as NB-IoT, Bluetooth, and radio frequency to realize local device linkage. Alternatively, a single LORA host can be set up as a centralized communication node, and all roadside early warning terminal devices on site will report data to the single LORA host and receive control commands. Linkage control between all roadside early warning terminal devices can also be realized through local intranet wired communication. None of the above variations change the core function of the system's global linkage early warning.

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system, comprising an owner platform, a first remote transmission link, a second local intranet transmission link, a host, and several roadside early warning terminal devices, characterized in that: The first remote transmission link connects the owner platform, cloud platform, cloud server, and host in sequence, and the host and cloud server establish a data interaction channel through 4G wireless communication. The second local intranet transmission link connects the owner platform, intranet server, switch, and host in sequence, and the host and switch establish a data interaction channel through wired communication via network cable; The host integrates a LORA short-range wireless communication module, an RS485 communication interface, an RJ45 network port, a 4G cellular communication module, and a GPS positioning and timing module. The host connects to all roadside early warning terminal devices through the LORA short-range wireless communication module. The LORA short-range wireless communication coverage range is 2 kilometers. The host can send synchronous linkage control commands to all roadside early warning terminal devices. The host and each roadside early warning terminal device are equipped with a dual power supply unit. The dual power supply unit includes a mains power supply branch and a solar power supply branch. The dual power supply unit has a built-in battery as an emergency backup power source in case of power failure. The host and all types of roadside early warning terminal equipment are equipped with a local one-button emergency start button. In the event of a network outage, the local one-button emergency start button can trigger LORA short-range wireless communication to achieve synchronous local early warning operations for all roadside early warning terminal equipment.

2. The highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The roadside early warning terminal equipment includes an audible alarm facility, which includes a networked power amplifier and a directional broadcasting device; The network amplifier is equipped with an RJ45 network port and a 4G cellular communication module. The network amplifier is electrically connected to the host through an IO line. The network amplifier can receive MP3 alarm audio and text-to-speech alarm information sent by the host. The rated power of the directional broadcasting equipment shall not be less than 150W, and the directional broadcasting equipment and networked power amplifier shall be equipped with a local one-button emergency start button.

3. The highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The roadside early warning terminal equipment also includes a first type of photoelectric alarm facility, which includes a lighting facility host and several low-position lighting fixtures; The lighting facility host is networked with the host via a LORA short-range wireless communication module. The low-position lighting fixture has a single power of 8 watts and is installed at the location of the highway guardrail. The lighting facility host receives commands from the host to turn the lights on, off, and adjust the brightness. The lighting facility host is equipped with a local one-button emergency start button.

4. The highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The roadside early warning terminal equipment also includes a second type of photoelectric alarm facility, which includes a laser light controller and a color laser emitting device; The laser light controller is electrically connected to the host via an RS485 communication interface. The laser light controller is equipped with a three-button operation controller, which includes a power button, a function button, and a speed adjustment button. The color laser emitting device includes a 520nm green laser emitter, a 638nm red laser emitter, and a 450nm blue laser emitter. The laser lamp controller can control the color laser emitting device to switch between monochrome scanning mode, color scanning mode, and multiple scanning speeds.

5. The highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The roadside early warning terminal equipment also includes an integrated sound and light text alarm unit, which includes a strobe light device and a simple text prompt screen. The strobe light device and the simple text prompt screen are integrated into one unit. Multiple sets of the integrated sound and light text alarm units are set up and all of them are networked with the host through LORA short-range wireless. The strobe light device is equipped with multiple sets of rectangular red and blue light-emitting diodes, which flash alternately at high frequency. The simple text prompt screen is composed of an array of yellow light-emitting diode beads, which can switch to display warning texts for stop, slow down, rain, snow, ice, and wind. Multiple simple text prompt screens can be spliced ​​together to output continuous warning statements.

6. The highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The roadside early warning terminal device also includes a text alarm information board, which integrates a LORA short-range wireless communication module, an RJ45 network port, and a 4G cellular communication module. The text alarm information board can receive the LORA local linkage activation signal sent by the host, and also supports remote wired and wireless release of early warning text information.

7. The highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The roadside early warning terminal equipment also includes a first type of obstruction facility, which is a road traffic signal light and its supporting network controller. The road traffic signal light network controller integrates an RJ45 network port, a 4G cellular communication module, a LoRa short-range wireless communication module, and a dual power supply unit. The network controller is equipped with a local one-button emergency start button.

8. The highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The roadside early warning terminal equipment also includes a second type of obstruction facility, which is a roadside variable lane sign and multiple controllers. The roadside variable lane sign controller integrates an RJ45 network port, a 4G cellular communication module, a LoRa short-range wireless communication module, and a dual power supply unit. The controller is equipped with a local one-button emergency start button.

9. The highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The host uses the TCPClient communication protocol and supports connection to external third-party highway disaster monitoring equipment platforms to achieve integrated interaction of disaster monitoring data and early warning control commands. The owner platform can remotely modify the host's 4G network configuration parameters and the internal wired network configuration parameters through the first remote transmission link and the second local intranet transmission link. It can also remotely collect online status data of the host and all roadside early warning terminal devices in real time, and remotely issue various early warning and control commands.

10. The highway natural disaster monitoring and early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The host is equipped with a GPS positioning and time synchronization module. The host uses the GPS positioning and time synchronization module to complete the unified time synchronization of all roadside early warning terminal devices in the entire system, ensuring the consistency of LORA wireless synchronization linkage and remote platform command issuance timing.

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