An experimental device for quantitative simulation of complex structure of extrusion domain and use method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of physical simulation in tectonic geology, in particular to an experimental device for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression domain and a use method thereof, the experimental device comprises a supporting frame, an experimental platform and an experimental simulation box, the supporting frame is installed at the bottom of the experimental platform, and characterized in that: it further comprises a left lateral power system for applying extrusion force, a right lateral power system for applying extrusion force and a longitudinal power system for applying extrusion force, the experimental simulation box is installed on the experimental platform, the left lateral power system and the right lateral power system for applying extrusion force are respectively arranged on the two sides of the experimental simulation box to simulate lateral extrusion deformation of strata, and the longitudinal power system for applying extrusion force is arranged at the bottom of the experimental simulation box to simulate longitudinal extrusion deformation of strata. The present application aims to solve the technical problems of quantitative characterization of superposition of different direction extrusion forces in a compression domain, controllable different longitudinal extrusion and magmatic arching and intrusion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of physical simulation technology in structural geology, and in particular to an experimental apparatus and method for quantitatively simulating complex structures in compression zones. Background Technology

[0002] As a typical tectonic element of a compressional domain, the formation of thrust faults not only causes significant differential deformation due to surface uplift and subsidence, but also serves as a carrier for the release of crustal tectonic stress, potentially triggering geological disasters such as earthquakes. In the context of thrust fault tectonic evolution, geological processes such as volcanic intrusion, eruption, or gypsum-salt intrusion are often present. These intrusions or extrusions further alter tectonic deformation and stress distribution, synergistically forming complex compressional domain structures with compressional forces. This significantly impacts geological environmental safety and the distribution of underground fluids and mineral resources, making it an indispensable factor in the study of compressional domain structures.

[0003] Currently, scholars both domestically and internationally have conducted extensive basic research on thrust faults. Among these, exploring the tectonic deformation of the compression zone through sandbox physical simulation experiments is an extremely reliable research method. Existing patents for related experiments and devices include: a device for accurately pre-setting the development location of thrust faults (application number CN2025101063129); a device for revealing the pulse ground motion characteristics based on the type of seismogenic fault (application number CN201910789508.7); a method and device for processing fault displacement corrected by the peak value of the fault graphic curve under the difference in evolution between the hanging wall and footwall (application number CN201910745686X); and a tectonic deformation device demonstrating the compression stress state related to basement uplift (application number CN2013204255922). Among the experimental devices related to the modification of strata by magma intrusion and eruption, there are magma intrusion devices with rock and soil placement and pressure units (application number CN 2021210426133), magma intrusion and eruption devices containing power supply devices and thermo-pressure devices (application number CN 2023112349991), and devices simulating magma intrusion under rigid plates (application number CN 2024111366354).

[0004] In actual geological environments, thrust faults exhibit complex compressional tectonic deformation due to the spatiotemporal differences in the compressive forces they experience. On one hand, the compression between tectonic plates often does not originate from a single direction, but rather involves multi-directional composite compression or the superposition of compressive forces from different directions at different evolutionary times. While existing simulation techniques can recreate some thrust characteristics, they cannot accurately simulate multi-directional compression scenarios. On the other hand, the stress state of strata varies significantly at different depths, and the magnitude and rate of movement of compressive forces at the same depth can dynamically change over different evolutionary periods. Existing physical simulation studies have not yet addressed this complex issue. Under compressional conditions, geological processes such as volcanic uplift or intrusion are often present. Although the relationship between thrust and magmatic intrusion is considered, it cannot achieve the synergy between regional tectonic deformation under magmatic uplift and local deformation under magmatic intrusion, leading to significant limitations in the study of related tectonic processes. Existing techniques for simulating tectonic deformation processes in compressional domains do not consider the two key elements of complex compressional tectonic processes and magmatic tectonic processes, making it difficult to achieve breakthroughs in experimental techniques for accurately characterizing tectonic deformation in compressional domains. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing background technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental device and method for quantitatively simulating the complex structure of the compression zone that is simple in structure and easy to use. It aims to solve the experimental technology problems of quantitative characterization of the superposition of compression forces in different orientations of the compression zone, controllable differential longitudinal compression, and magma arching and intrusion.

[0006] To achieve the above, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an experimental device for quantitatively simulating complex structures in a compression zone, comprising a support frame, an experimental platform, and an experimental simulation box. The support frame is installed at the bottom of the experimental platform and further comprises a power system for applying transverse compression force on the left, a power system for applying transverse compression force on the right, and a power system for applying longitudinal compression force. The experimental simulation box is installed on the experimental platform. The power systems for applying transverse compression force on the left and right are respectively located on both sides of the experimental simulation box to simulate transverse compression deformation of the formation; the power system for applying longitudinal compression force is located at the bottom of the experimental simulation box to simulate longitudinal compression deformation of the formation.

[0007] Furthermore, the experimental simulation box includes a bottom plate, a front glass side plate, a rear glass side plate, a left side plate, and a right side plate. The front glass side plate is connected to the bottom plate via a front slot, and the rear glass side plate is connected to the bottom plate via a rear slot. The left and right side plates are respectively placed on the bottom plate and confined between the front and rear glass side plates, forming an experimental simulation box with an open top. The bottom of the bottom plate is fixed to the experimental platform. The power system for applying lateral compressive force on the left side is connected to the left side plate, and the power system for applying lateral compressive force on the right side is connected to the right side plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the left side panel and the right side panel of the box have the same structure, both including independent side panel one, independent side panel two, independent side panel three, independent side panel four, rubber pads and chain folding plates. Independent side panels one, two, three and four are connected to each other by the grooves of the rubber pads. A chain folding plate is provided on the other side of the rubber pads. The chain folding plate is composed of multiple narrow strips of thin plates, which are hinged together by pins.

[0009] Furthermore, the power system for applying lateral compressive force on the left side has the same structure as the power system for applying lateral compressive force on the right side, both including servo motor one, servo motor two, servo motor three, servo motor four, sliding lateral hydraulic rod one, sliding lateral hydraulic rod two, sliding lateral hydraulic rod three, sliding lateral hydraulic rod four, sliding support column one, sliding support column two, arc-shaped slide rail one, arc-shaped slide rail two, and U-shaped limiting bracket; sliding lateral hydraulic rod one and sliding lateral hydraulic rod two are installed through the sliding support column one, and one end of sliding lateral hydraulic rod one and sliding lateral hydraulic rod two are respectively connected to servo motor one and servo motor two, and the sliding lateral hydraulic rods... The other ends of the pressure rod 1 and the sliding lateral hydraulic rod 2 are respectively connected to the U-shaped limiting bracket; the sliding lateral hydraulic rod 3 and the sliding lateral hydraulic rod 4 are installed through the sliding support column 2, one end of the sliding lateral hydraulic rod 3 and the sliding lateral hydraulic rod 4 are respectively connected to the servo motor 3 and the servo motor 4, and the other end of the sliding lateral hydraulic rod 3 and the sliding lateral hydraulic rod 4 are respectively connected to the U-shaped limiting bracket; the sliding support column 1 and the sliding support column 2 are slidably connected to the arc-shaped slide rail 1 and the arc-shaped slide rail 2 through the slots, and the positions of the sliding support column 1 and the sliding support column 2 on the sliding connection arc-shaped slide rail 1 and the arc-shaped slide rail 2 are fixed by the fixing pin.

[0010] Furthermore, the power systems for applying lateral compressive force on the left and right sides also include servo motors five, six, seven, and eight; fixed lateral hydraulic rods one, two, three, and four; fixed support columns one and two; and a universal ball joint damper. Fixed lateral hydraulic rods one and two are mounted through fixed support column one, with one end connected to servo motors five and six respectively, and the other end connected to the universal ball joint damper. Fixed lateral hydraulic rods three and four are connected through fixed support column two, with one end connected to servo motors seven and eight respectively, and the other end connected to the universal ball joint damper. The universal ball joint damper is directly fixed to the experimental platform via a steel fastener.

[0011] Furthermore, the sliding lateral hydraulic rods one, two, three, and four are connected to independent side plate one and independent side plate four respectively via U-shaped limiting brackets; the fixed transverse hydraulic rods one, two, three, and four are connected to independent side plate two and independent side plate three via universal ball joint dampers.

[0012] Furthermore, the longitudinal extrusion force power system includes a left longitudinal extrusion force power system, a middle longitudinal extrusion force power system, and a right longitudinal extrusion force power system located at the bottom of the experimental simulation chamber. The left, middle, and right longitudinal extrusion force power systems have identical structures, each including a main arc-shaped plate and three layered arc-shaped plates (left-facing arc plate one, right-facing arc plate one, left-facing arc plate two, right-facing arc plate two, left-facing arc plate three, and right-facing arc plate three) located on the left and right sides below the main arc-shaped plate. The main arc-shaped plate and the left-facing arc plate... 1. The right-side arc-shaped plate 1 is connected to the sliding rail limiting slider. The outer wall of the left-side arc-shaped plate 1 is provided with embedded left sliding rail 1 and left sliding rail 2. The inner wall of the main arc-shaped plate is provided with limiting slider. The limiting slider is connected to the left sliding rail 1, so that the left-side arc-shaped plate 1 under the main arc-shaped plate can slide out along the left sliding rail 1 and left sliding rail 2. The same sliding rail limiting slider connection structure is also used between the left-side arc-shaped plate 1, left-side arc-shaped plate 2, and left-side arc-shaped plate 3 and between the right-side arc-shaped plate 1, right-side arc-shaped plate 2, and right-side arc-shaped plate 3, so that each side arc-shaped plate slides out in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, a rear transverse sealing plate and a front transverse sealing plate are respectively provided at the front and rear of the main arc plate and each lateral arc plate. The rear transverse sealing plate and the front transverse sealing plate are provided with semi-embedded tracks. The semi-embedded tracks on the rear transverse sealing plate and the front transverse sealing plate are connected to the boundaries of the main arc plate, the first left-side arc plate, the first right-side arc plate, the second left-side arc plate, the second right-side arc plate, the third left-side arc plate, and the third right-side arc plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the power system for applying longitudinal extrusion force also includes a compressed fluid pump, which communicates with the space formed by the main arc plate through a hole in the bottom plate of the box; a circular constant pressure one-way valve I, a circular constant pressure one-way valve II, and a circular constant pressure one-way valve III are provided on the center line of the main arc plate, and a left long strip constant pressure one-way flow groove and a right long strip constant pressure one-way flow groove with a length smaller than the main arc plate are provided on the main arc plate.

[0015] This invention also relates to a method for using an experimental setup for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression zone. Based on the aforementioned experimental setup for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression zone, the method includes applying compression forces laterally and longitudinally. By applying compression stresses of different directions, rates, and locations to the experimental model, the complex tectonic evolution process of the compression zone is simulated. The dynamic system of applying compression forces longitudinally simulates the compression zone and local tectonic deformation caused by magma arching and intrusion, thereby achieving quantitative simulation of the deformation of complex structures in the compression zone.

[0016] The method for applying lateral compressive force is as follows:

[0017] a) First, adjust the distance between the front and rear glass side panels of the test chamber based on the simulated similarity ratio to determine the width of the experimental model; second, adjust the distance between the left and right side panels of the test chamber to determine the length of the experimental model; then, determine the thickness of the similar experimental material based on the thickness of the simulated strata, and after placing chain-type folding plates inside the left and right side panels of the test chamber, fill the experimental material into the experimental simulation test chamber to form a scaled-down geological experimental model.

[0018] b) During the simulation of structural deformation, the left and right sides of the box are subjected to stress by the left and right lateral compressive forces respectively, simulating the compressive stress on the strata in the compression zone; by installing the left and right lateral compressive forces on both sides of the model, it is possible to simulate the counter-thrust deformation, the unilateral reverse thrust deformation, or the complex evolution process of alternating deformation of both.

[0019] c) Both the left and right side plates of the box are composed of independent side plates one, two, three, and four. The left and right side plates can be used as a whole spliced ​​plate to compress the stratigraphic model at the same time and rate, or they can be used as a whole spliced ​​plate to compress the stratigraphic model at different rates for the upper and lower parts, simulating the regular changes in the compressive force of the crust at different depths; the independent side plates can achieve compression at different rates and in different directions, simulating the zonal differential tectonic deformation of the sedimentary basin in the compression domain during the geological evolution process;

[0020] The method for applying longitudinal compressive force is as follows:

[0021] 1) First, retract all three lateral arc plates (left, right, left, right, left, and right) below the main arc plate. Then, place the main arc plate and each lateral arc plate onto the bottom plate of the chamber, ensuring that their long axis is perpendicular to the main extrusion direction. Seal the front and back of the main arc plate and each lateral arc plate with rear and front transverse sealing plates, forming a closed space consisting of the main arc plate, each lateral arc plate, front transverse sealing plate, rear transverse sealing plate, and bottom plate. Then, fill the experimental material into the experimental simulation chamber and deform its structure.

[0022] 2) Based on the time and space determined by the magma arching and intrusion and the corresponding stratigraphic uplift amplitude, similar fluids are injected into the dynamic system device that applies longitudinal pressure. Subsequently, the lateral arc plates on both sides of the main arc plate begin to slide out in sequence. The front and rear sides of each lateral arc plate slide gradually along the trajectory in the rear transverse sealing plate and the front transverse sealing plate until all the lateral arc plates slide out, thereby realizing the regional magma arching tectonic deformation.

[0023] 3) Continue to inject similar fluid. The left long strip constant pressure one-way flow channel, the right long strip constant pressure one-way flow channel, and the circular constant pressure one-way valve one, circular constant pressure one-way valve two, and circular constant pressure one-way valve three are opened in succession. The fluid enters the experimental material, causing local deformation of the strata. If simulating linear magma intrusion, the circular constant pressure one-way valve on the main arc plate is closed in advance. If simulating point magma intrusion, the long strip constant pressure one-way flow channel is closed in advance.

[0024] The advantages of using the technical solution of this invention are:

[0025] 1. An experimental apparatus for quantitatively simulating complex structures in a compression zone, based on the simulation similarity ratio, determines the width of the experimental model by adjusting the distance between the front and rear glass side panels of the chamber, and the length of the experimental model by adjusting the distance between the left and right side panels of the chamber. The thickness of the similar experimental material is determined according to the thickness of the simulated strata. Left and right side panels, composed of independent side panels connected by rubber pads, and chain-type folding plates are placed on the left and right sides of the chamber, respectively. A power system for applying longitudinal compression force is installed on the bottom plate of the chamber. The experimental material is loaded into the experimental simulation chamber. The power system for applying transverse compression force, connecting the left and right side panels of the chamber, applies compression force to the experimental model in the experimental simulation chamber. Through the differential activity of each independent side panel in the left and right side panels of the chamber and the vertical differential activity of each independent side panel, compression at different times, rates, and directions is achieved. The power system for applying longitudinal compression force at the bottom simulates magma arching and intrusion, realizing the synergistic evolution of complex compression tectonic activity and deep magmatic tectonic activity in the compression zone, more realistically approximating the tectonic evolution of the compression zone, thereby achieving a precise quantitative characterization of the tectonic simulation results.

[0026] 2. The left and right side panels of the box in this invention are each spliced ​​together from four independent side panels. The differential movement between each independent side panel can realize the zonal structural deformation. The vertical differential movement of each independent side panel can simulate the compression at different rates and directions. The dynamic system that applies longitudinal compression force at the bottom simulates the arching and intrusion of magma, realizing the synergistic evolution of complex structural deformation in the compression zone and the structural deformation of deep fluid intrusion, and more realistically approximating the complex structural deformation of the compression zone. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of experimental simulation chamber B;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the spatial positions of the independent side panel on the left side of the experimental simulation box of the present invention, the rubber pad, and the chain folding plate.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one of the chain-type folding plates in this invention;

[0032] Figure 5 Enlarged view of the internal connections of the chain-type folding plate;

[0033] Figure 6 This is the power system that applies lateral compressive force to one side of the experimental apparatus of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the servo motor, the fixed transverse hydraulic rod, the universal ball joint damper, and the independent side plate;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the main structure of a power system that applies longitudinal compressive force.

[0036] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of the connection structure between the lateral arc-shaped plates;

[0037] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the spatial relationship between the power system that applies longitudinal compressive force and the bottom plate of the box.

[0038] Figure 11The results are from a simulation of a unidirectional compression, two magma arches, and intrusion synergy using the device of this invention.

[0039] The markings in the above diagrams are as follows: 1. Support frame; 2. Experimental platform; 3. Box bottom plate; 4. Front glass side panel of the box; 5. Rear glass side panel of the box; 6. Left side panel of the box; 7. Right side panel of the box; 8-1. Independent side panel one; 8-2. Independent side panel two; 8-3. Independent side panel three; 8-4. Independent side panel four; 9. Rubber pad; 10. Chain folding plate; 14-1. Servo motor one; 14-2. Servo motor two; 14-3. Servo motor three; 14-4. Servo motor four; 14-5. Servo motor five; 14-6. Servo motor six; 14-7. Servo motor seven; 14-8. Servo motor eight; 15-1. Sliding lateral hydraulic rod one; 15-2. Sliding lateral hydraulic rod two; 15-3. Sliding lateral hydraulic rod three; 15-4. Sliding lateral hydraulic rod four; 16-1. Fixed transverse hydraulic rod one; 16-2. Fixed transverse hydraulic rod two; 16-3. Fixed transverse hydraulic rod three; 16-4. Fixed transverse hydraulic rod four; 17-1. Arc-shaped slide rail one; 17-2. Arc-shaped slide rail two; 18. Fixing pin; 19-1. Sliding support column one; 19-2. Sliding support column two; 20. Steel fastener; 21-1. Fixing pin. 21-2 Fixed support column 1; 22 Fixed support column 2; 23 Universal ball joint damper; 24 U-shaped limit bracket; 25 Compressed fluid pump; 26-1 Left slide rail 1; 26-2 Left slide rail 2; 27 Limiting slider; 28-1 Left long strip constant pressure one-way flow channel; 28-2 Right long strip constant pressure one-way flow channel; 29-1 Circular constant pressure one-way valve 1; 29-2 Circular constant pressure one-way valve 2; 29-3 Circular constant pressure one-way valve... Valve 3; 30-1, Left-side arc-shaped plate 1; 30-3, Left-side arc-shaped plate 2; 30-5, Left-side arc-shaped plate 3; 30-2, Right-side arc-shaped plate 1; 30-4, Right-side arc-shaped plate 2; 30-6, Right-side arc-shaped plate 3; 31, Narrow strip plate; 32, Pin; 33-1, Rear transverse sealing plate; 33-2, Front transverse sealing plate; 34, Semi-embedded track; 35, Hole; 36-1, Front slot; 36-2, Rear slot;

[0040] A-1, Power system for applying lateral extrusion force on the left; A-2, Power system for applying lateral extrusion force on the right; B, Experimental simulation chamber; C, Power system for applying longitudinal extrusion force; C-1, Power system for longitudinal extrusion force on the left; C-2, Power system for longitudinal extrusion force in the middle; C-3, Power system for longitudinal extrusion force on the right. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0042] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, an experimental apparatus for quantitatively simulating complex structures in a compression zone includes a support frame 1, an experimental platform 2, and an experimental simulation chamber B. The support frame 1 is installed at the bottom of the experimental platform 2. The apparatus also includes a power system A-1 that applies lateral compression force on the left, a power system A-2 that applies lateral compression force on the right, and a power system C that applies longitudinal compression force. The experimental simulation chamber B is installed on the experimental platform 2. The power systems A-1 and A-2 that apply lateral compression force on the left and right are respectively located on opposite sides of the experimental simulation chamber B, simulating lateral compression deformation of the formation. The power system C that applies longitudinal compression force is located at the bottom of the experimental simulation chamber B, simulating longitudinal compression deformation of the formation. This invention aims to solve the experimental technical problems of quantitative characterization of the superposition of compression forces in different orientations within a compression zone, controllable differential longitudinal compression, and magma arching and intrusion.

[0044] The experimental simulation box B includes a bottom plate 3, a front glass side plate 4, a rear glass side plate 5, a left side plate 6, and a right side plate 7. The front glass side plate 4 is connected to the bottom plate 3 via a front slot 36-1, and the rear glass side plate 5 is connected to the bottom plate 3 via a rear slot 36-2. The left side plate 6 and the right side plate 7 are respectively placed on the bottom plate 3 and are confined between the front glass side plate 4 and the rear glass side plate 5, forming an experimental simulation box with an open top. The bottom of the bottom plate 3 is fixed to the experimental platform 2. The power system A-1, which applies lateral compressive force on the left side, is connected to the left side plate 6, and the power system A-2, which applies lateral compressive force on the right side, is connected to the right side plate 7.

[0045] The left side panel 6 and the right side panel 7 of the box have the same structure, both including independent side panels 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, and 8-4, a rubber pad 9, and a chain-type folding plate 10. The independent side panels 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, and 8-4 are interconnected by the grooves in the rubber pad 9. The chain-type folding plate 10 is located on the other side of the rubber pad 9. The chain-type folding plate 10 is composed of multiple narrow strips 31, which are hinged together by pins 32. The rubber pad 9 prevents collisions between the independent side panels, while the chain-type folding plate 10 unfolds sequentially as the independent side panels move at different speeds, preventing experimental materials from leaking out between the independent side panels.

[0046] The power system A-1, which applies lateral compressive force on the left side, and the power system A-2, which applies lateral compressive force on the right side, respectively cause the left side plate 6 and the right side plate 7 of the box to move relative to each other, simulating the lateral compression deformation of the strata. The power system A-1, which applies lateral compressive force on the left, and the power system A-2, which applies lateral compressive force on the right, have the same structure. Both include servo motor 14-1, servo motor 2 14-2, servo motor 3 14-3, servo motor 4 14-4, sliding lateral hydraulic rod 15-1, sliding lateral hydraulic rod 2 15-2, sliding lateral hydraulic rod 3 15-3, sliding lateral hydraulic rod 4 15-4, sliding support column 19-1, sliding support column 2 19-2, arc-shaped slide rail 17-1, arc-shaped slide rail 2 17-2, and U-shaped limiting bracket 23. Sliding lateral hydraulic rod 15-1 and sliding lateral hydraulic rod 2 15-2 are installed through the sliding support column 19-1. One end of sliding lateral hydraulic rod 15-1 and sliding lateral hydraulic rod 2 15-2 are respectively connected to servo motor 14-1 and servo motor 2 14-2. The other ends of sliding lateral hydraulic rods 15-1 and 15-2 are respectively connected to U-shaped limiting brackets 23; sliding lateral hydraulic rods 15-3 and 15-4 are installed through the sliding support column 19-2, one end of which is connected to servo motor 14-3 and servo motor 14-4 respectively, and the other ends of which are connected to U-shaped limiting brackets 23 respectively; sliding support columns 19-1 and 19-2 are slidably connected to arc-shaped slide rails 17-1 and 17-2 respectively through slots, and the positions of sliding support columns 19-1 and 19-2 on the sliding connected arc-shaped slide rails 17-1 and 17-2 are fixed by fixing pins 18.

[0047] The power system A-1 for applying lateral compressive force on the left and the power system A-2 for applying lateral compressive force on the right also include servo motors 5 (14-5), 6 (14-6), 7 (14-7), 8 (14-8), fixed lateral hydraulic rods 1 (16-1), 2 (16-2), 3 (16-3), and 4 (16-4), fixed support columns 1 (21-1) and 2 (21-2), and a universal ball joint damper 22. Fixed lateral hydraulic rods 1 (16-1) and 2 (16-2) are installed through fixed support column 1 (21-1), and one end of each fixed lateral hydraulic rod is connected to servo motor A-1. 14-5. Servo motor 6 (14-6) is connected. The other ends of fixed transverse hydraulic rod 1 (16-1) and fixed transverse hydraulic rod 2 (16-2) are respectively connected to universal ball joint damper 22. Fixed transverse hydraulic rod 3 (16-3) and fixed transverse hydraulic rod 4 (16-4) are connected through to fixed support column 2 (21-2). One end of fixed transverse hydraulic rod 3 (16-3) and fixed transverse hydraulic rod 4 (16-4) is respectively connected to servo motor 7 (14-7) and servo motor 8 (14-8). The other end of fixed transverse hydraulic rod 3 (16-3) and fixed transverse hydraulic rod 4 (16-4) is respectively connected to universal ball joint damper 22. Universal ball joint damper 22 is directly fixed to experimental platform 2 through steel fastener 20 to achieve fine adjustment of the reverse direction.

[0048] Two sets of components consisting of a servo motor and a corresponding hydraulic rod are installed on each of the sliding support column 19-1, the sliding support column 29-2, the fixed support column 121-1, and the fixed support column 21-2. This allows the upper and lower parts of each independent side plate connected to these components to compress the experimental model at different rates.

[0049] The sliding lateral hydraulic rods 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, and 15-4 are connected to the independent side plates 8-1 and 8-4 respectively via U-shaped limiting brackets 23; the fixed transverse hydraulic rods 16-1, 16-2, 16-3, and 16-4 are connected to the independent side plates 8-2 and 8-3 respectively via universal ball joint dampers 22.

[0050] Servo motors 1-1, 14-2, 14-3, 14-4, 14-5, 14-6, 14-7, and 14-8 are all connected to a computer, allowing for the setting of extrusion distance, extrusion time, and extrusion rate according to experimental requirements.

[0051] A servo motor is paired with a corresponding sliding lateral hydraulic rod, which is then fixed to a sliding support column. The sliding support column is connected to an arc-shaped slide rail via a slot. When the orientation of the sliding lateral hydraulic rod matches the orientation required for the simulation experiment, a fixing pin secures the sliding support column to its arc-shaped slide rail, preventing it from sliding on the rail when stress is applied. The arc-shaped slide rail is fixed to the experimental platform. Furthermore, the structure and installation steps of the power system A-1 for applying left lateral compressive force are the same as those of the power system A-2 for applying right lateral compressive force.

[0052] When the positions of sliding lateral hydraulic rods 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, and 15-4 are consistent with the positions required for the simulation experiment, the sliding support columns 19-1 and 19-2, where these sliding lateral hydraulic rods are located, are fixed to their respective arc-shaped slide rails 17-1 and 17-2 by fixing pins 18. This prevents the sliding support column 19-1 from sliding to the left of the sliding support column 19-2 from sliding on its arc-shaped slide rails 17-1 and 17-2 when these sliding lateral hydraulic rods are under stress. The arc-shaped slide rails 17-1 and 17-2 are fixed on the experimental platform 2, which allows for a significant adjustment of the reverse direction.

[0053] The longitudinal extrusion power system C includes a left longitudinal extrusion power system C-1, a middle longitudinal extrusion power system C-2, and a right longitudinal extrusion power system C-3 located at the bottom of the experimental simulation chamber B. The left longitudinal extrusion power system C-1, the middle longitudinal extrusion power system C-2, and the right longitudinal extrusion power system C-3 have the same structure, all including a main arc plate 25 and three lateral arc plates 30-1, 30-2, 30-3, 30-4, 30-5, and 30-6 located on the left and right sides below the main arc plate 25; that is, each lateral arc plate is symmetrically placed on the left and right sides below the main arc plate 25.

[0054] The main arc plate 25 is connected to the left-side arc plate 30-1 and the right-side arc plate 30-2 via a slide rail-limiting slider. An embedded left slide rail 26-1 and a left slide rail 26-2 are provided on the outer wall of the left-side arc plate 30-1, and a limiting slider 27 is provided on the inner wall of the main arc plate 25. The limiting slider 27 is connected to the left slide rail 26-1, allowing the left-side arc plate 30-1 below the main arc plate 25 to slide out along the left slide rail 26-1 and the left slide rail 26-2. The same slide rail-limiting slider connection structure is also used between the left-side arc plates 30-1, 30-3, and 30-5 and the right-side arc plates 30-2, 30-4, and 30-6, allowing each side arc plate to slide out sequentially.

[0055] The gaps between the main arc plate 25 and the left-side arc plate 30-1 and the right-side arc plate 30-2, as well as between the left-side arc plate 30-1, the left-side arc plate 30-3, and the left-side arc plate 30-5 and the right-side arc plate 30-2, the right-side arc plate 20-4, and the right-side arc plate 30-6, are all sealed with sealing plates.

[0056] The main arc plate 25 and each of the lateral arc plates are provided with a rear transverse sealing plate 33-1 and a front transverse sealing plate 33-2 at the front and rear, respectively. The rear transverse sealing plate 33-1 and the front transverse sealing plate 33-2 are each provided with a semi-embedded track 34. The semi-embedded track 34 on the rear transverse sealing plate 33-1 and the front transverse sealing plate 33-2 are connected to the boundaries of the main arc plate 25, the left-side arc plate 1 30-1, the right-side arc plate 1 30-2, the left-side arc plate 2 30-3, the right-side arc plate 2 30-4, the left-side arc plate 3 30-5, and the right-side arc plate 3 30-6.

[0057] The power system C that applies longitudinal extrusion force also includes a compressed fluid pump 24, which communicates with the space formed by the main arc plate 25 through the hole 35-2 on the bottom plate of the box; the main arc plate 25 is provided with a circular constant pressure check valve 1 29-1, a circular constant pressure check valve 29-2, and a circular constant pressure check valve 3 29-3 on the center line; the main arc plate 25 is provided with a left long strip constant pressure check channel 28-1 and a right long strip constant pressure check channel 28-2 with a length smaller than the main arc plate 25.

[0058] Specifically, three circular constant-pressure check valves 29-1, 29-2, and 29-3 are installed along the centerline of the main arc plate 25; two long constant-pressure check channels 28-1 and 28-2, each shorter than the main arc plate 25, are installed on each side of the main arc plate 25. Each compressed fluid pump 24 is connected to a computer control console to control the fluid flow switch, fluid flow rate, and flow velocity.

[0059] Based on the above-mentioned experimental setup for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression zone, this invention also relates to a method for using the experimental setup for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression zone. The method includes applying compression force laterally and longitudinally. By applying compression stress in different directions, at different rates, and at different locations to the experimental model, the complex tectonic evolution process of the compression zone is simulated. The dynamic system that applies compression force longitudinally simulates the compression zone and local tectonic deformation caused by magma arching and intrusion, thereby achieving quantitative simulation of the deformation of complex structures in the compression zone.

[0060] The method for applying lateral compressive force is as follows:

[0061] a) First, adjust the distance between the front glass side panel 4 and the rear glass side panel 5 of the box based on the simulated similarity ratio to determine the width of the experimental model; second, adjust the distance between the left side panel 6 and the right side panel 7 of the box to determine the length of the experimental model; then, determine the thickness of the similar experimental material according to the thickness of the simulated strata. After placing the chain folding plate 10 inside the left side panel 6 and the right side panel 7 of the box, fill the experimental material into the experimental simulation box to form a scaled-down geological experimental model.

[0062] b) During the simulation of structural deformation, the left side plate 6 and the right side plate 7 of the box are subjected to stress by the left lateral compressive force dynamic system A-1 and the right lateral compressive force dynamic system A-2, respectively, to simulate the compressive stress on the strata in the compression zone; by installing the left lateral compressive force dynamic system A-1 and the right lateral compressive force dynamic system A-2 on both sides of the model, it is possible to simulate the counter-thrust deformation, the unilateral reverse thrust deformation, or the complex evolution process of alternating deformation of the two.

[0063] c) Both the left side plate 6 and the right side plate 7 of the box are composed of independent side plates 1-8-1, 2-8-2, 3-8-3, and 4-8-4. The left side plate 6 and the right side plate 7 can be used as a whole spliced ​​plate to compress the stratigraphic model at the same time and rate, or they can be used as a whole spliced ​​plate to compress the stratigraphic model at different rates for the upper and lower parts, simulating the regular changes in the compressive force of the crust at different depths; different rates and directions of compression can be achieved between the independent side plates to simulate the zonal differential tectonic deformation of the sedimentary basin in the compression domain during the geological evolution process;

[0064] The method for applying longitudinal compressive force is as follows:

[0065] 1) First, retract all the left-side arc-shaped plates 30-1, 30-2, 30-3, 30-4, 30-5, and 30-6 below the main arc-shaped plate 25. Then, place the main arc-shaped plate and each side arc-shaped plate on the bottom plate 3 of the box, ensuring that their long axis is perpendicular to the main extrusion direction. Seal the front and back of the main arc-shaped plate and each side arc-shaped plate with the rear transverse sealing plate 33-1 and the front transverse sealing plate 33-2, so that the main arc-shaped plate, each side arc-shaped plate, the front transverse sealing plate, the rear transverse sealing plate, and the bottom plate of the box form a closed space. Then, fill the experimental material into the experimental simulation box and deform the structure.

[0066] 2) Based on the time and space determined by the magma arching and intrusion and the corresponding stratigraphic uplift amplitude, similar fluids are injected into the dynamic system device that applies longitudinal pressure. Subsequently, the lateral arc plates on both sides of the main arc plate 25 begin to slide out in sequence. The front and rear sides of each lateral arc plate slide gradually along the trajectory in the rear transverse sealing plate and the front transverse sealing plate until all the lateral arc plates slide out, thereby realizing the regional magma arching tectonic deformation.

[0067] 3) Continue to inject similar fluid. The left long strip constant pressure one-way flow channel 28-1, the right long strip constant pressure one-way flow channel 28-2, and the circular constant pressure one-way valve 29-1, circular constant pressure one-way valve 29-2, and circular constant pressure one-way valve 29-3 are opened in succession, and the fluid enters the experimental material, causing local deformation of the strata. If simulating linear magma intrusion, the circular constant pressure one-way valve on the main arc plate is closed in advance. If simulating point magma intrusion, the long strip constant pressure one-way flow channel is closed in advance.

[0068] In addition, based on the actual location and quantity of magma arching and intrusion, a power system for applying longitudinal compressive force and its corresponding quantity are pre-set on the box bottom plate 3 below its deformation; for a single large-scale regional magma arching, it is necessary to reduce the curvature of the main arc plate and increase the number of lateral arc plates to increase the volume of the entire power system for applying longitudinal compressive force.

[0069] This invention provides an experimental apparatus for quantitatively simulating the complex structure of a compression zone. It can apply compression stresses of different directions, rates, and locations to the experimental model to simulate the complex tectonic evolution process of the compression zone. At the same time, the dynamic system that applies longitudinal compression force can simulate the compression zone and local tectonic deformation caused by magma arching and intrusion, thereby achieving quantitative simulation of the complex tectonic deformation of the compression zone.

[0070] Taking the experimental apparatus of this invention to simulate the complex tectonic evolution process of a squeezed domain as an example, such as... Figure 11As shown, the effects of the experimental apparatus in this embodiment of the invention will be further explained. This demonstration primarily showcases the role of the power system that applies longitudinal extrusion force during the extrusion process in the structural evolution. Two sets of power systems (with diameters of 15cm and 7cm respectively) for applying longitudinal extrusion force were set up in the experimental simulation chamber. The specific steps are as follows:

[0071] S1: Two sets of longitudinal extrusion pressure power systems with diameters of 15cm and 7cm respectively are placed into the experimental simulation box. After the experimental materials are filled into the experimental simulation box, the left side transverse extrusion pressure power system is fixed and only the right side transverse extrusion pressure power system is used to apply extrusion pressure to the model. The four independent side plates on the right side move to the left as a whole splicing plate and the up and down movement speed of each splicing plate is also the same (stage A).

[0072] S2: As the extrusion pressure increases, fluid is first injected into the power system that applies longitudinal extrusion pressure with a diameter of 15cm on the left, and then fluid is injected into the power system that applies longitudinal extrusion pressure with a diameter of 7cm on the right (stage B).

[0073] S3: As the pressure of the power system applying lateral pressure on the right increases, the two sets of power systems applying longitudinal pressure (15cm and 7cm) inject fluid evenly, and the amount of fluid injected by the power system applying longitudinal pressure with a diameter of 15cm is much greater than the amount of fluid injected by the power system applying longitudinal pressure with a diameter of 7cm (stage C-stage D).

[0074] S4: During stage E of experiment, all the lateral arc plates of the power system with a diameter of 15cm that applies longitudinal extrusion force slide out and the fluid fills the entire space formed by the main arc plate and each lateral arc plate; as the fluid filling continues, the long strip constant pressure unidirectional flow channel on the main arc plate begins to open, and the fluid enters the simulated formation, causing some formation boundaries to become blurred.

[0075] S5: At the end of the experiment (stage F), with the increase of strong compression and compression and fluid injection, the formation simulated by the 15cm diameter longitudinal compression system on the left was strongly folded and some formations were fractured. At the same time, the formation boundary was destroyed over a large area due to fluid intrusion. The 7cm diameter longitudinal compression system did not have all its lateral arc plates slide out until the end of the experiment, so its long constant pressure unidirectional flow channel did not open.

[0076] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention is limited to these examples; within the framework of the invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0077] Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression domain, comprising a support frame (1), an experimental platform (2), and an experimental simulation chamber (B), wherein the support frame (1) is installed at the bottom of the experimental platform (2), characterized in that: It also includes a power system (A-1) that applies pressure laterally on the left, a power system (A-2) that applies pressure laterally on the right, and a power system (C) that applies pressure longitudinally. The experimental simulation box (B) is installed on the experimental platform (2). The power system (A-1) that applies pressure laterally on the left and the power system (A-2) that applies pressure laterally on the right are respectively set on both sides of the experimental simulation box (B) to simulate the lateral compression deformation of the stratum; the power system (C) that applies pressure longitudinally is set at the bottom of the experimental simulation box (B) to simulate the longitudinal compression deformation of the stratum.

2. The experimental apparatus for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression domain as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental simulation box (B) includes a bottom plate (3), a front glass side plate (4), a rear glass side plate (5), a left side plate (6), and a right side plate (7). The front glass side plate (4) is connected to the bottom plate (3) through a front slot (36-1), and the rear glass side plate (5) is connected to the bottom plate (3) through a rear slot (36-2). The left side plate (6) and the right side plate (7) are respectively placed on the bottom plate (3) and restricted between the front glass side plate (4) and the rear glass side plate (5), forming an experimental simulation box with an open top. The bottom of the bottom plate (3) is fixed on the experimental platform (2). The power system (A-1) that applies horizontal pressure on the left side is connected to the left side plate (6), and the power system (A-2) that applies horizontal pressure on the right side is connected to the right side plate (7).

3. The experimental apparatus for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression domain as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The left side panel (6) and the right side panel (7) of the box have the same structure, both including independent side panel one (8-1), independent side panel two (8-2), independent side panel three (8-3), independent side panel four (8-4), rubber pad (9) and chain folding plate (10). Independent side panel one (8-1), independent side panel two (8-2), independent side panel three (8-3) and independent side panel four (8-4) are connected to each other through the groove of the rubber pad (9). The other side of the rubber pad (9) is provided with chain folding plate (10). The chain folding plate (10) is composed of multiple narrow strips (31), and each narrow strip (31) is hinged together by a pin (32).

4. An experimental apparatus for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression domain as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The power system (A-1) for applying lateral compressive force on the left side is structurally identical to the power system (A-2) for applying lateral compressive force on the right side. Both include servo motor one (14-1), servo motor two (14-2), servo motor three (14-3), servo motor four (14-4), sliding lateral hydraulic rod one (15-1), sliding lateral hydraulic rod two (15-2), sliding lateral hydraulic rod three (15-3), sliding lateral hydraulic rod four (15-4), sliding support column one (19-1), sliding support column two (19-2), arc-shaped slide rail one (17-1), arc-shaped slide rail two (17-2), and U-shaped limiting bracket (23). Sliding lateral hydraulic rod one (15-1) and sliding lateral hydraulic rod two (15-2) are installed through the sliding support column one (19-1), and one of the sliding lateral hydraulic rods one (15-1) and sliding lateral hydraulic rod two (15-2) is installed through the sliding support column one (19-1). The ends of the sliding side hydraulic rods are respectively connected to servo motor one (14-1) and servo motor two (14-2), and the other ends of the sliding side hydraulic rods one (15-1) and two (15-2) are respectively connected to U-shaped limit brackets (23); the sliding side hydraulic rods three (15-3) and four (15-4) are installed through the sliding support column two (19-2), and one end of the sliding side hydraulic rods three (15-3) and four (15-4) is respectively connected to servo motor three (14-3) and servo motor four (14-4), and the other end of the sliding side hydraulic rods three (15-3) and four (15-4) is respectively connected to U-shaped limit brackets (23); the sliding support column one (19-1) and the sliding support column two (19-2) are respectively slidably connected to the arc-shaped slide rail one (17-1) and the arc-shaped slide rail two (17-2) through the slots.

5. The experimental apparatus for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression domain as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The power system (A-1) for applying lateral compressive force on the left and the power system (A-2) for applying lateral compressive force on the right also include servo motor five (14-5), servo motor six (14-6), servo motor seven (14-7), servo motor eight (14-8), fixed lateral hydraulic rod one (16-1), fixed lateral hydraulic rod two (16-2), fixed lateral hydraulic rod three (16-3), fixed lateral hydraulic rod four (16-4), fixed support column one (21-1), fixed support column two (21-2), and universal ball joint damper (22). Fixed lateral hydraulic rod one (16-1) and fixed lateral hydraulic rod two (16-2) are installed through the fixed support column one (21-1). One end of the fixed transverse hydraulic rod 2 (16-2) is connected to the servo motor 5 (14-5) and the servo motor 6 (14-6) respectively. The other ends of the fixed transverse hydraulic rod 1 (16-1) and the fixed transverse hydraulic rod 2 (16-2) are connected to the universal ball head damper (22) respectively. The fixed transverse hydraulic rod 3 (16-3) and the fixed transverse hydraulic rod 4 (16-4) are connected through the fixed support column 2 (21-2). One end of the fixed transverse hydraulic rod 3 (16-3) and the fixed transverse hydraulic rod 4 (16-4) are connected to the servo motor 7 (14-7) and the servo motor 8 (14-8) respectively. The other ends of the fixed transverse hydraulic rod 3 (16-3) and the fixed transverse hydraulic rod 4 (16-4) are connected to the universal ball head damper (22) respectively.

6. The experimental apparatus for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression domain as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The sliding lateral hydraulic rods 1 (15-1), 2 (15-2), 3 (15-3), and 4 (15-4) are connected to the independent side plate 1 (8-1) and the independent side plate 4 (8-4) respectively via U-shaped limiting brackets (23); the fixed transverse hydraulic rods 1 (16-1), 2 (16-2), 3 (16-3), and 4 (16-4) are connected to the independent side plate 2 (8-2) and the independent side plate 3 (8-3) via universal ball joint dampers (22).

7. The experimental apparatus for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression domain as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The longitudinal extrusion power system (C) includes a left longitudinal extrusion power system (C-1), a middle longitudinal extrusion power system (C-2), and a right longitudinal extrusion power system (C-3) located at the bottom of the experimental simulation chamber (B). The left longitudinal extrusion power system (C-1), the middle longitudinal extrusion power system (C-2), and the right longitudinal extrusion power system (C-3) have the same structure, all including a main arc plate (25) and three arc plates arranged in layers on the left and right sides below the main arc plate (25): a left arc plate one (30-1), a right arc plate one (30-2), a left arc plate two (30-3), a right arc plate two (30-4), a left arc plate three (30-5), and a right arc plate three (30-6). The main arc plate (25) is the same as the left arc plate one (30-1) and the right arc plate one (30-6). The first (30-2) is connected by a slide rail and a limiting slider. An embedded left slide rail 1 (26-1) and a left slide rail 2 (26-2) are provided on the outer wall of the left arc plate 1 (30-1). A limiting slider (27) is provided on the inner wall of the main arc plate (25). The limiting slider (27) is connected to the left slide rail 1 (26-1) so that the left arc plate 1 (30-1) under the main arc plate (25) can slide out along the left slide rail 1 (26-1) and the left slide rail 2 (26-2). The same slide rail and limiting slider connection structure is also used between the left arc plate 1 (30-1), the left arc plate 2 (30-3), and the left arc plate 3 (30-5) and the right arc plate 1 (30-2), the right arc plate 2 (30-4), and the right arc plate 3 (30-6), so that each side arc plate slides out in sequence.

8. The experimental apparatus for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression domain as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The main arc plate (25) and each of the lateral arc plates are provided with a rear transverse sealing plate (33-1) and a front transverse sealing plate (33-2) at the front and rear of the main arc plate (25). The rear transverse sealing plate (33-1) and the front transverse sealing plate (33-2) are provided with semi-embedded tracks (34). The semi-embedded tracks (34) on the rear transverse sealing plate (33-1) and the front transverse sealing plate (33-2) are connected to the boundaries of the main arc plate (25), the first left-side arc plate (30-1), the first right-side arc plate (30-2), the second left-side arc plate (30-3), the second right-side arc plate (30-4), the third left-side arc plate (30-5), and the third right-side arc plate (30-6).

9. The experimental apparatus for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression domain as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The power system (C) that applies longitudinal extrusion force also includes a compressed fluid pump (24), which communicates with the space formed by the main arc plate (25) through the hole (35) on the bottom plate of the box; a circular constant pressure check valve one (29-1), a circular constant pressure check valve two (29-2), and a circular constant pressure check valve three (29-3) are provided on the center line of the main arc plate (25); a left long strip constant pressure check unidirectional flow channel (28-1) and a right long strip constant pressure check unidirectional flow channel (28-2) with a length smaller than that of the main arc plate (25) are provided on the main arc plate (25).

10. A method for using an experimental apparatus for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression domain, characterized in that: Based on the experimental apparatus for quantitative simulation of complex structures in a compression zone as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the method of use includes applying compression force laterally and longitudinally. By applying compression stress in different directions, at different rates, and at different locations to the experimental model, the complex tectonic evolution process of the compression zone is simulated. The dynamic system for applying compression force longitudinally simulates the compression zone and local tectonic deformation caused by magma arching and intrusion, thereby achieving quantitative simulation of the deformation of complex structures in the compression zone. The method for applying lateral compressive force is as follows: a) First, adjust the distance between the front glass side panel (4) and the rear glass side panel (5) of the box based on the simulated similarity ratio to determine the width of the experimental model; second, adjust the distance between the left side panel (6) and the right side panel (7) of the box to determine the length of the experimental model; then, determine the thickness of the similar experimental material according to the thickness of the simulated strata, and after placing the chain folding plate (10) inside the left side panel (6) and the right side panel (7) of the box, fill the experimental material into the experimental simulation box to form a scaled-down geological experimental model; b) During the simulation of structural deformation, the left side plate (6) and the right side plate (7) of the box are subjected to stress by the left lateral compressive force dynamic system (A-1) and the right lateral compressive force dynamic system (A-2) respectively, to simulate the compressive stress on the strata in the compression domain; the left lateral compressive force dynamic system (A-1) and the right lateral compressive force dynamic system (A-2) are installed on both sides of the model, which can simulate the counter-thrust deformation, the single-sided reverse thrust deformation, or the complex evolution process of alternating deformation of the two. c) Both the left side plate (6) and the right side plate (7) of the box are composed of independent side plate one (8-1), independent side plate two (8-2), independent side plate three (8-3), and independent side plate four (8-4). The left side plate (6) and the right side plate (7) of the box can be used as a whole splicing plate to compress the stratigraphic model at the same time and rate, or they can be used as a whole splicing plate to compress the stratigraphic model at different rates in the upper and lower parts, simulating the regular changes in the compressive force of the crust at different depths; different rates and directions of compression can be achieved between the independent side plates to simulate the zonal differential tectonic deformation of the sedimentary basin in the compression domain during the geological evolution process; The method for applying longitudinal compressive force is as follows: 1) First, retract the left-side arc plate one (30-1), right-side arc plate one (30-2), left-side arc plate two (30-3), right-side arc plate two (30-4), left-side arc plate three (30-5), and right-side arc plate three (30-6) all below the main arc plate (25), and place the main arc plate and each side arc plate on the bottom plate (3) of the box, making its long axis direction perpendicular to the main extrusion direction; seal the front and back of the main arc plate and each side arc plate with the rear transverse sealing plate (33-1) and the front transverse sealing plate (33-2), so that the main arc plate, each side arc plate, the front transverse sealing plate, the rear transverse sealing plate, and the bottom plate of the box form a closed space; then fill the experimental material into the experimental simulation box and deform it. 2) Based on the time and space determined by the magma arch and intrusion and the corresponding stratigraphic uplift amplitude, similar fluids are injected into the dynamic system device that applies longitudinal pressure. Subsequently, the lateral arc plates on both sides of the main arc plate (25) begin to slide out in sequence. The front and rear sides of each lateral arc plate slide gradually according to the trajectory in the rear transverse sealing plate and the front transverse sealing plate until all the lateral arc plates slide out, thereby realizing the regional magma arch structural deformation. 3) Continue to inject similar fluid. The left long strip constant pressure one-way flow channel (28-1), the right long strip constant pressure one-way flow channel (28-2), and the circular constant pressure one-way valve one (29-1), circular constant pressure one-way valve two (29-2), and circular constant pressure one-way valve three (29-3) are opened in succession, and the fluid enters the experimental material, causing local deformation of the strata. If simulating linear magma intrusion, the circular constant pressure one-way valve on the main arc plate is closed in advance. If simulating point magma intrusion, the long strip constant pressure one-way flow channel is closed in advance.

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