Pressure measuring device and flow measuring system and method using the same

Abstract

The application provides a pressure measuring device, a flow measuring system and a flow measuring method, wherein the pressure measuring device comprises a main pressure tapping connector seat, a hot chamber pressure tapping connector seat and a cold chamber pressure tapping connector seat, the hot chamber pressure tapping connector seat comprises a first pressure tapping connector seat and a second pressure tapping connector seat, the first pressure tapping connector seat and the second pressure tapping connector seat are located on the pipe wall of the hot chamber, the first pressure tapping connector seat and the second pressure tapping connector seat are respectively located on the two sides of the hot chamber fluctuation pipe interface, the distance between the first pressure tapping connector seat and the second pressure tapping connector seat and the hot chamber fluctuation pipe interface is equal, the cold chamber pressure tapping connector seat comprises a third pressure tapping connector seat and a fourth pressure tapping connector seat, the third pressure tapping connector seat and the fourth pressure tapping connector seat are located on the two sides of the central axis in the direct connection structure, the distance between the third pressure tapping connector seat and the fourth pressure tapping connector seat and the central axis is equal, and a secondary pressure tapping connector seat is located on the outer wall of the direct connection structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates primarily to the field of reactor technology, and in particular to a pressure measuring device and a suitable flow measurement system and method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, reactors include small modular pressurized water reactors (SMRs) such as the Guohe-3 GH300 compact small reactor. In the design of compact small reactors, to simplify system configuration, eliminate large breach accident sources, and improve intrinsic safety, a compact direct-connection layout is commonly adopted. This compact direct-connection layout eliminates the main coolant piping of traditional large reactors; the reactor differential pressure vessel, steam generator, and main pumps are directly connected via a direct-connection structure. In a reactor, the primary coolant flow rate is a core process parameter characterizing the reactor's forced circulation operation and monitoring its core heat removal capability. It also provides crucial input for calculating operating limits and diagnosing system conditions. However, the compact design that eliminates the main piping presents the following technical challenges for primary coolant flow measurement: 1. Traditional main pipeline measurement methods are completely ineffective. Traditional pressurized water reactors generally use bent tube flow meters for flow measurement. Bent tube flow meters require a sufficiently long circular straight pipe section and a fully developed stable flow field. However, compact direct-connected small reactors eliminate the main pipe structure, resulting in irregular and continuously changing flow channel cross-sections and strong turbulence and uneven distribution characteristics in the flow field. Traditional measurement methods cannot be directly applied, and measurement accuracy and reliability cannot be guaranteed. 2. Conflict between bypass measurement schemes and the concept of compact reactor design. For flow measurement schemes without a main pipeline, the current approach involves adding a bypass pipeline between the hot and cold chambers of the steam generator, installing a dedicated flow meter on the bypass, and using the principle of consistent pressure drop in parallel flow channels to calculate the main loop flow. However, this scheme requires additional bypass pipelines, isolation valves, and dedicated instruments, increasing the number of nodes at the primary loop differential pressure boundary and the risk of leakage. Furthermore, the pipeline layout is strictly limited by the compact space within the containment, increasing system complexity and maintenance costs, which contradicts the core design goal of compact small modular reactors: "simplifying the system and enhancing inherent safety." Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a pressure measuring device and a suitable flow measurement system and method, which can accurately measure the differential pressure between the steam generator and the main pump inside the reactor, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the reactor.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a pressure measuring device suitable for a reactor. The reactor includes a steam generator, a main pump, and a direct-connection structure. The steam generator includes a chamber comprising a hot chamber and a cold chamber disposed opposite each other. The hot chamber includes a hot chamber oscillation pipe interface. The pressure measuring device includes a main pressure tapping connector, comprising a hot chamber pressure tapping connector and a cold chamber pressure tapping connector. The main pressure tapping connector is adapted to acquire the differential pressure of the steam generator. The hot chamber pressure tapping connector includes a first pressure tapping connector and a second pressure tapping connector, the first and second pressure tapping connectors being located on the pipe of the hot chamber. On the wall, the first pressure tapping connector and the second pressure tapping connector are respectively located on both sides of the hot chamber oscillation tube interface, and the distance between the first pressure tapping connector and the second pressure tapping connector and the hot chamber oscillation tube interface is equal; the cold chamber pressure tapping connector includes a third pressure tapping connector and a fourth pressure tapping connector, the third pressure tapping connector and the fourth pressure tapping connector are located on both sides of the extension direction of the central axis of the direct connection structure, and the distance between the third pressure tapping connector and the fourth pressure tapping connector and the central axis is equal; and an auxiliary pressure tapping connector is located on the outer wall of the direct connection structure, suitable for obtaining the differential pressure of the main pump.

[0005] Optionally, in the hot chamber, the line connecting the first pressure tapping connector to the center of the chamber and the line connecting the second pressure tapping connector to the center of the chamber form a first angle, the first angle ranging from 50° to 60°.

[0006] Optionally, the line connecting the third pressure tapping connector to the center of the chamber and the line connecting the fourth pressure tapping connector to the center of the chamber have a second included angle, the second included angle ranging from 20° to 40°.

[0007] Optionally, the pressure measuring device includes a main differential pressure transmitter, which is connected to the main pressure tapping connector via a pressure tapping line.

[0008] Optionally, the pressure measuring device further includes a cold chamber temperature sensor, which is located on the outer wall of the direct connection structure and is adapted to obtain the temperature of the cold chamber.

[0009] Optionally, the pressure measuring device further includes a hot chamber temperature sensor located on the outer wall of the hot chamber, which is adapted to obtain the temperature of the hot chamber.

[0010] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a flow measurement system, comprising: a pressure measuring device as described above; and a data processing unit adapted to receive the differential pressure of a steam generator and the differential pressure of a main pump measured by the pressure measuring device, and to obtain the primary loop flow rate of the reactor based on the differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump.

[0011] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a flow measurement method, comprising the following steps: acquiring the differential pressure of a steam generator and the differential pressure of a main pump; receiving the differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump measured by the pressure measuring device, and acquiring the primary loop flow rate of the reactor based on the differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump.

[0012] Optionally, obtaining the primary loop flow rate of the reactor based on the differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump includes the following steps: determining the steam generator flow rate of the steam generator based on the differential pressure of the steam generator; determining the main pump flow rate of the main pump based on the differential pressure of the main pump; and determining the primary loop flow rate based on the steam generator flow rate and the main pump flow rate.

[0013] Optionally, determining the primary loop flow rate based on the steam generator flow rate and the main pump flow rate includes the following steps: performing heat balance calculations on the steam generator flow rate and the main pump flow rate to determine a reference flow rate; determining a heat balance correction coefficient based on the reference flow rate; and determining the primary loop flow rate based on the heat balance correction coefficient.

[0014] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a reactor, comprising: a steam generator including a chamber, the chamber comprising a hot chamber and a cold chamber disposed opposite each other, the hot chamber including a hot chamber oscillation pipe interface; a main pump located below the cold chamber; a direct-connection structure located on one side of the main pump; and a pressure measuring device as described above, wherein the pressure measuring device includes: a main pressure tapping connector, including a hot chamber pressure tapping connector and a cold chamber pressure tapping connector, the main pressure tapping connector being adapted to acquire the differential pressure of the steam generator, wherein the hot chamber pressure tapping connector includes a first pressure tapping connector and a second pressure tapping connector. The first and second pressure taps are located on the pipe wall of the hot chamber and on both sides of the hot chamber oscillation pipe interface, respectively, and the distances between the first and second pressure taps and the hot chamber oscillation pipe interface are equal. The cold chamber pressure tap includes a third and a fourth pressure tap, which are located on both sides of the extension direction of the central axis of the direct connection structure and are equidistant from the central axis. An auxiliary pressure tap is located on the outer wall of the direct connection structure and is suitable for obtaining the differential pressure of the main pump.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this application sets the first and second pressure taps of the hot chamber pressure tap in the main pressure tap seat on both sides of the hot chamber oscillating pipe interface, ensuring that the distances between the first and second pressure taps and the hot chamber oscillating pipe interface are equal. Simultaneously, by setting the third and fourth pressure taps of the cold chamber pressure tap in the cold chamber pressure tap seat on both sides of the central axis extension direction of the direct connection structure, and ensuring that the distances between the third and fourth pressure taps and the central axis are equal, the hot and cold chamber pressure taps can be located in the stable flow field region within the chamber. This makes the differential pressure obtained by the pressure measuring device less susceptible to flow field disturbances, enabling accurate measurement of the differential pressure between the steam generator and the main pump inside the reactor. This allows for subsequent use of the differential pressure to obtain the flow rate within the reactor, further ensuring the safe operation of the reactor. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of this application; they are incorporated into and constitute a part of this application. The drawings illustrate embodiments of this application and, together with this specification, serve to explain the principles of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a reactor primary loop according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a primary loop steam generator for a reactor according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a flow measurement method according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, these drawings can be applied to other similar scenarios without creative effort. Unless obvious from the context or otherwise specified, the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same structures or operations.

[0018] As indicated in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may include plural forms. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0019] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0020] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In addition, although the terminology used in this application is selected from commonly known and used terms, some terms mentioned in this application's specification may have been chosen by the applicant according to his or her judgment, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant sections of this description. Moreover, this application should be understood not only through the actual terms used, but also through the meaning implied by each term.

[0021] This application discloses a pressure measuring device 10, suitable for applications such as... Figure 1 The reactor primary loop shown can be a small modular pressurized water reactor without a main reactor coolant duct. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The reactor includes a steam generator 101, a main pump 102, and a direct connection structure 103. In this embodiment, the steam generator 101 can be a vertical U-shaped tube structure, the main pump 102 can be a wet-wound pump and vertically integrated into the lower head of the steam generator 101, and the direct connection structure 103 can be internally separated into cold and hot flow channels (not shown in the figure) by a partition. Specifically, the steam generator 101 includes a chamber 104, which includes a hot chamber 105 and a cold chamber 106 arranged opposite to each other. The hot chamber 105 includes a hot chamber oscillating pipe interface 107. A pressure measuring device 10 is arranged in the chamber 104, and the pressure measuring device 10 mainly includes a main pressure tap 108 and a secondary pressure tap 109. The main pressure tap 108 can be used to obtain the differential pressure of the steam generator 101, and the secondary pressure tap 109 can be used to obtain the differential pressure of the main pump 102. The main pressure tapping connector 108 includes a hot chamber pressure tapping connector 21 and a cold chamber pressure tapping connector 22. For details, please refer to... Figure 2The hot chamber pressure tapping connector 21 includes a first pressure tapping connector 11 and a second pressure tapping connector 12. The first pressure tapping connector 11 and the second pressure tapping connector 12 are located on the pipe wall of the hot chamber 105. The first pressure tapping connector 11 and the second pressure tapping connector 12 are respectively located on both sides of the hot chamber wave tube interface 23. There is a straight-line distance D1 between the first pressure tapping connector 11 and the hot chamber wave tube interface 23, and there is a straight-line distance D2 between the second pressure tapping connector 12 and the hot chamber wave tube interface 23. The straight-line distance D1 between the first pressure tapping connector 11 and the hot chamber wave tube interface 23 is equal to the straight-line distance D2 between the second pressure tapping connector 12 and the hot chamber wave tube interface 23. On the other hand, the cold chamber pressure tapping connector 22 includes a third pressure tapping connector 13 and a fourth pressure tapping connector 14. The third pressure tapping connector 13 and the fourth pressure tapping connector 14 are located on both sides of the central axis X extending in the direction of the direct connection structure 103. The third pressure tapping connector 13 has a straight-line distance D3 with the central axis X, and the fourth pressure tapping connector 14 has a straight-line distance D4 with the central axis X. The straight-line distance D3 between the third pressure tapping connector 13 and the central axis X is equal to the straight-line distance D4 between the fourth pressure tapping connector 14 and the central axis X.

[0022] In some embodiments, by arranging the first pressure tapping connector 11 and the second pressure tapping connector 12 on both sides of the hot chamber oscillation tube interface 23 in the hot chamber 105, and ensuring that the straight-line distances between the first pressure tapping connector 11 and the second pressure tapping connector 12 and the hot chamber oscillation tube interface 23 are equal, the installation positions of the first pressure tapping connector 11 and the second pressure tapping connector 12 can be located in the stable region with the least static pressure field non-uniformity in the hot chamber 105. Similarly, by arranging the third pressure tapping connector 13 and the fourth pressure tapping connector 14 on both sides of the central axis X of the direct connection structure 103, and ensuring that the straight-line distances between the third pressure tapping connector 13 and the fourth pressure tapping connector 14 and the central axis X are equal, the installation positions of the third pressure tapping connector 13 and the fourth pressure tapping connector 14 can be located in the stable region with the least static pressure field non-uniformity in the cold chamber 106. The first pressure tapping connector 11, the second pressure tapping connector 12, the third pressure tapping connector 13, and the fourth pressure tapping connector 14 are all externally connected to pressure tapping devices. Since the first and second pressure tapping connectors 11 and 12 are located in the stable flow field region of the hot chamber 105, and the third and fourth pressure tapping connectors 13 and 14 are located in the stable flow field region of the cold chamber 106, the differential pressure obtained by the pressure tapping devices in the hot chamber 105 and the cold chamber 106 is more accurate, significantly improving the accuracy of differential pressure measurement in the steam generator 101. The stable flow field region can be verified through cross-modeling using both STAR-CCM+ and CFX simulation software.

[0023] In some specific embodiments, reference continues to be made to Figure 2In the hot chamber 105, the line y1 connecting the first pressure tapping connector 11 to the center O of the chamber and the line y2 connecting the second pressure tapping connector 12 to the center O of the chamber form a first angle θ1. The range of the first angle θ1 includes 50°-60°, for example, 55°. This means that the positions of the first pressure tapping connector 11 and the second pressure tapping connector 12 can be set closer or farther from the hot chamber oscillation tube interface 23 according to actual requirements. For example, when the flow field is determined to be relatively stable, the first angle θ1 can be widened to facilitate the collection of differential pressure points over a larger range within the hot chamber 105. If the flow field is relatively unstable, the first angle θ1 can be appropriately narrowed to further ensure the accuracy of pressure tapping. In some specific embodiments, the line y3 connecting the third pressure tapping connector 13 to the center O of the chamber and the line y4 connecting the fourth pressure tapping connector 14 to the center O of the chamber form a second angle θ2. The range of the second angle θ2 includes 20°-40°, for example, 30°. This means that the positions of the third pressure tapping connector 13 and the fourth pressure tapping connector 14 can be set closer or farther from the central axis X according to actual requirements. Similarly, for example, when it is determined that the flow field is relatively stable, the second included angle θ2 can be enlarged to facilitate the collection of differential pressure points in a larger range within the cold chamber 106. If the flow field is relatively unstable, the second included angle θ2 can be appropriately reduced to further ensure the accuracy of pressure tapping.

[0024] In some specific embodiments, the pressure measuring device 10 includes a main differential pressure transmitter, which is connected to the main pressure tapping connector via a pressure tapping line. The pressure tapping line can be led out through the wall of the steam generator 101 to the root valve of the steam generator 101, and finally the static pressure is transmitted to the main differential pressure transmitter between the steam generators via a pressure tapping pipe and valve group. On the other hand, the pressure measuring device 10 also includes a secondary differential pressure transmitter, which can be connected to a pressure tapping element located on the secondary pressure tapping connector. The differential pressure can be transmitted to the secondary differential pressure transmitter via a pressure tapping pipe and valve group. By setting up the main and secondary differential pressure transmitters, real-time pressure differential across the U-tube bundle of the steam generator 101 and differential pressure signals at the inlet and outlet of the main pump 102 can be obtained. In some specific embodiments, the electronic components of the main and secondary differential pressure transmitters can be arranged in a mild environment area to avoid the influence of harsh environments.

[0025] In some specific embodiments, the pressure measuring device 10 further includes a cold chamber temperature sensor, which is located on the outer wall of the direct connection structure 103, for example, it can be arranged on... Figure 1 Point A, as shown, can be used to obtain the temperature of the cold chamber. On the other hand, the pressure measuring device 10 also includes a hot chamber temperature sensor, which is located on the outer wall of the hot chamber 105, for example, it can be arranged on... Figure 1Point B, as shown, can be used to acquire the temperature of the hot chamber. In some embodiments, the cold chamber temperature sensor can be a cold section narrow-range thermometer, and the hot chamber temperature sensor can be a hot chamber narrow-range thermometer. This allows for real-time acquisition of the coolant temperature in the cold and hot sections of the reactor, providing fluid density compensation input for the subsequent flow rate calculation process via differential pressure, and also providing basic data for subsequent thermal balance calibration.

[0026] This application also proposes a flow measurement system, including the pressure measuring device proposed in any embodiment of this application, such as the pressure measuring device 10 described above. The flow measurement system further includes a data processing unit adapted to receive the differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump measured by the pressure measuring device, and to obtain the primary loop flow rate of the reactor based on the differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump. In some specific embodiments, the data processing unit can calculate the real-time single-loop flow rate of the reactor based on the received differential pressure and temperature signals, after coolant density correction, and based on a pre-calibrated differential pressure-flow rate correspondence, and finally summarize the total primary loop flow rate. Further, the data processing unit can compare and switch between the main differential pressure obtained by the main pressure tap connected to the main pressure tap and the secondary differential pressure obtained by the secondary pressure tap connected to the secondary pressure tap. If the differential pressure of the U-tube bundle (the main differential pressure obtained by the main pressure tap) is normal, the main differential pressure is used for subsequent flow rate calculation; if the main differential pressure is abnormal, the secondary differential pressure (the secondary differential pressure corresponding to the main pump inlet / outlet obtained by the secondary pressure tap) is used for subsequent flow rate calculation. In some embodiments, a differential pressure-flow characteristic database can also be established in the data processing unit, that is, the correspondence between the differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump in the reactor and the flow rate can be calibrated under different operating conditions.

[0027] In some specific embodiments, the flow measurement system also includes a display and alarm unit, which can send the final flow measurement value to the main control room and remote shutdown workstation for display by operators. When the main flow measurement result calculated by the differential pressure obtained by the main pressure tap or the auxiliary flow measurement result calculated by the differential pressure obtained by the auxiliary pressure tap exceeds the threshold, or the flow exceeds the operating limit, the corresponding alarm signal is automatically triggered.

[0028] This application also includes a flow measurement method 20, applicable to the flow measurement system proposed in any embodiment of this application. The flow measurement method 20 includes steps S1 and S2. Flowcharts are used in this application to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed precisely in sequence. Instead, various steps can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Furthermore, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or more steps may be removed from these processes.

[0029] Specifically, step S1 can involve obtaining the differential pressure of the steam generator and the main pump, for example, by measuring the differential pressure of the steam generator and the main pump using the pressure measuring device proposed in any embodiment of this application. Step S2 can involve receiving the differential pressure of the steam generator and the main pump obtained by the pressure measuring device, and obtaining the primary loop flow rate of the reactor based on the differential pressure of the steam generator and the main pump. In some specific embodiments, obtaining the primary loop flow rate of the reactor based on the differential pressure of the steam generator and the main pump can first determine the steam generator flow rate of the steam generator based on the differential pressure of the steam generator. Specifically, the coolant density of the cold chamber can be calculated by the data processing unit based on the real-time temperature of the cold chamber and the coolant density of the hot chamber based on the real-time temperature of the hot chamber. After density correction and multi-point averaging by the data processing unit, the measured flow rate in the steam generator can be obtained. Secondly, the main pump flow rate can be determined based on the differential pressure of the main pump. Specifically, the flow rate of the main pump can be calculated based on the main pump differential pressure, the main pump speed, and the pump characteristic curve. The flow rates of the steam generator and the main pump can then be compared. If the deviation exceeds a predetermined threshold, an alarm will be triggered to alert staff that the flow measurement is abnormal, allowing for subsequent corrections. Finally, the primary loop flow rate can be determined based on the steam generator and main pump flow rates. Determining the primary loop flow rate involves first performing a heat balance calculation on the steam generator and main pump flow rates to determine a baseline flow rate. This step is based on the primary and secondary loop heat balance principle, using the secondary loop power and primary loop enthalpy rise data under stable power operation conditions. Secondly, a heat balance correction coefficient can be determined based on the baseline flow rate. This coefficient updates the differential pressure-flow conversion model in the data processing unit online, using the baseline flow rate as a standard. Finally, the primary loop flow rate can be determined based on the heat balance correction coefficient. This corrected differential pressure-flow calculation model is then applied to subsequent flow calculations, eliminating systematic errors caused by U-tube scaling and long-term flow field drift, thus more accurately determining the primary loop flow rate. The pressure measuring device, flow measurement system, and method provided in this application do not require additional bypasses or dedicated throttling elements. They can directly achieve flow measurement based on the existing equipment structure of the reactor, which can simplify system configuration and reduce safety risks while ensuring measurement accuracy. At the same time, they have redundant measurement and online calibration capabilities to meet the long-term operation requirements of nuclear power plants.

[0030] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above disclosure is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this application. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this application, and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0031] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0032] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of the present application and thus aid in the understanding of one or more embodiments, the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application sometimes combines multiple features into a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of the present application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. In fact, the embodiments contain fewer features than all the features of the single embodiments disclosed above.

[0033] In some embodiments, numbers describing the quantity of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of embodiments are modified in some examples with the terms "approximately," "approximately," or "generally." Unless otherwise stated, "approximately," "approximately," or "generally" indicates that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may be changed depending on the characteristics required by individual embodiments. In some embodiments, numerical parameters should take into account specified significant digits and employ a general method of digit reservation. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used to confirm their breadth of scope in some embodiments of this application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, such values ​​are set as precisely as feasible.

[0034] Although this application has been described with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate this application, and various equivalent changes or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, any changes or modifications to the above embodiments within the essential spirit of this application will fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A pressure measuring device suitable for a reactor, the reactor comprising a steam generator, a main pump, and a direct-connection structure, the steam generator comprising a chamber, the chamber comprising a hot chamber and a cold chamber disposed opposite each other, the hot chamber comprising a hot chamber oscillation pipe interface, characterized in that, The pressure measuring device includes: The main pressure tapping connector includes a hot chamber pressure tapping connector and a cold chamber pressure tapping connector. The main pressure tapping connector is adapted to acquire the differential pressure of the steam generator. The hot chamber pressure tapping connector includes a first pressure tapping connector and a second pressure tapping connector. The first pressure tapping connector and the second pressure tapping connector are located on the pipe wall of the hot chamber and are respectively located on both sides of the hot chamber oscillating pipe interface. The distances between the first pressure tapping connector and the second pressure tapping connector and the hot chamber oscillating pipe interface are equal. The cold chamber pressure tapping connector includes a third pressure tapping connector and a fourth pressure tapping connector, the third pressure tapping connector and the fourth pressure tapping connector are located on opposite sides of the central axis extending from the central axis of the direct connection structure, and are equidistant from the central axis; and The auxiliary pressure tap is located on the outer wall of the direct connection structure and is suitable for obtaining the differential pressure of the main pump.

2. The pressure measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the hot chamber, the line connecting the first pressure tapping connector to the center of the chamber and the line connecting the second pressure tapping connector to the center of the chamber form a first angle, the first angle being between 50° and 60°.

3. The pressure measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the cold chamber, the line connecting the third pressure tapping connector to the center of the chamber and the line connecting the fourth pressure tapping connector to the center of the chamber form a second angle, the second angle being between 20° and 40°.

4. The pressure measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a main differential pressure transmitter, which is connected to the main pressure tapping connector via a pressure tapping line.

5. The pressure measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cold chamber temperature sensor, which is located on the outer wall of the direct connection structure and is adapted to obtain the temperature of the cold chamber.

6. The pressure measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a hot chamber temperature sensor, which is located on the outer wall of the hot chamber and is adapted to obtain the temperature of the hot chamber.

7. A flow measurement system, characterized in that, include: The pressure measuring device as described in any one of claims 1-6. A data processing unit is adapted to receive the differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump obtained by the pressure measuring device, and to obtain the primary loop flow rate of the reactor based on the differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump.

8. A flow measurement method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the differential pressure of the steam generator and the main pump; The differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump are received by the pressure measuring device, and the primary loop flow rate of the reactor is obtained based on the differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump.

9. The flow measurement method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Obtaining the primary loop flow rate of the reactor based on the differential pressure of the steam generator and the differential pressure of the main pump includes the following steps: The steam generator flow rate of the steam generator is determined based on the differential pressure of the steam generator; The main pump flow rate is determined based on the differential pressure of the main pump. The primary loop flow rate is determined based on the steam generator flow rate and the main pump flow rate.

10. The flow measurement method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Determining the primary circuit flow rate based on the steam generator flow rate and the main pump flow rate includes the following steps: Perform heat balance calculations on the flow rates of the steam generator and the main pump to determine the baseline flow rate; Determine the heat balance correction factor based on the reference flow rate; The primary loop flow rate is determined based on the aforementioned thermal balance correction coefficient.

11. A reactor, characterized in that, include: A steam generator includes a chamber comprising a hot chamber and a cold chamber disposed opposite each other, the hot chamber including a hot chamber oscillation pipe interface; The main pump is located below the cold chamber; A direct-connection structure is located on one side of the main pump; The pressure measuring device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the pressure measuring device comprises: The main pressure tapping connector includes a hot chamber pressure tapping connector and a cold chamber pressure tapping connector. The main pressure tapping connector is adapted to acquire the differential pressure of the steam generator. The hot chamber pressure tapping connector includes a first pressure tapping connector and a second pressure tapping connector. The first pressure tapping connector and the second pressure tapping connector are located on the pipe wall of the hot chamber and are respectively located on both sides of the hot chamber oscillating pipe interface. The distances between the first pressure tapping connector and the second pressure tapping connector and the hot chamber oscillating pipe interface are equal. The cold chamber pressure tapping connector includes a third pressure tapping connector and a fourth pressure tapping connector, the third pressure tapping connector and the fourth pressure tapping connector are located on opposite sides of the central axis extending from the central axis of the direct connection structure, and are equidistant from the central axis; and The auxiliary pressure tap is located on the outer wall of the direct connection structure and is suitable for obtaining the differential pressure of the main pump.

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