System and method for processing radioactive combustible waste

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of processing radioactive contaminated materials, and particularly to a system and method for processing radioactive combustible waste. The system includes a crushing device, a heating and cracking device, and a microwave plasma cracking device. The crushing device is configured to crush the combustible waste into particles. The heating and cracking device is configured to heat the particles to crack them into solid residues and cracking gas. The microwave plasma cracking device is configured to ionize the cracking gas into a cracking gas plasma jet to crack dioxins and other harmful organic substances in the cracking gas into harmless gas. The microwave plasma cracking device is further configured to heat the combustible waste in the heating and cracking device by using the flame of the cracking gas plasma jet. The system provided by embodiments of the present application can avoid pollution caused by harmful substances in the tail gas, simplify the operation of processing the tail gas, and reduce the energy consumption for heating the combustible waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this application relate to the field of treating radioactive contaminated materials, specifically to a treatment system and method for radioactive combustible waste. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein are provided merely as background information in connection with this application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Nuclear power plants generate a large amount of radioactive combustible solid waste during operation. Although the radioactivity level of this waste is relatively low, its overall volume is large, requiring treatment to reduce its volume.

[0004] Currently, there are still many problems with the technology for treating radioactive combustible waste. Summary of the Invention

[0005] A brief overview of this application is provided below to offer a basic understanding of certain aspects thereof. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive summary of the application. It is not intended to identify key or essential parts of the application, nor is it intended to limit its scope. Its purpose is merely to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that follows.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of this application provide a system and method for treating radioactive combustible waste.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a system for treating radioactive combustible waste, comprising a crushing device, a heating pyrolysis device, and a microwave plasma pyrolysis device. The crushing device is used to crush the combustible waste to obtain combustible waste particles; the heating pyrolysis device is configured to receive the combustible waste particles and heat them to cause the particles to pyrolyze into solid residue and pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds; the microwave plasma pyrolysis device is configured to receive the pyrolysis gas from the heating pyrolysis device and ionize the pyrolysis gas under a microwave alternating electric field to form a pyrolysis gas plasma moment, thereby causing the dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the pyrolysis gas to pyrolyze into harmless gas; the microwave plasma pyrolysis device is further configured to heat the combustible waste within the heating pyrolysis device using the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment.

[0008] The processing system provided in this application first uses a heating pyrolysis device to pyrolyze combustible waste into solid residue and pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds. Then, a microwave plasma pyrolysis device ionizes the pyrolysis gas under a microwave alternating electric field to form a pyrolysis gas plasma moment, thereby pyrolyzing the dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the pyrolysis gas into harmless gases. This avoids atmospheric pollution caused by harmful substances in the exhaust gas and simplifies exhaust gas treatment operations, thus improving the treatment efficiency of radioactive combustible waste. Before heating the combustible waste using the heating pyrolysis device, a crushing device breaks the combustible waste into combustible waste particles, reducing its volume and making it easier to pyrolyze during heating. This increases the pyrolysis rate of the combustible waste in the heating pyrolysis device, further improving the treatment efficiency of radioactive combustible waste. Furthermore, by using the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment to heat the combustible waste in the heating pyrolysis device, the heat of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment can be recovered and utilized, reducing the energy consumption for heating combustible waste.

[0009] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for treating radioactive combustible waste, comprising: S1, crushing the combustible waste to obtain combustible waste particles; S2, heating the combustible waste particles to cause them to decompose and form solid residue and decomposed gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic matter; S3, ionizing the decomposed gas using a microwave alternating electric field to form a decomposed gas plasma moment, causing the dioxins and other harmful organic matter in the decomposed gas to decompose into harmless gas; S4, heating the combustible waste in step S2 using the flame of the decomposed gas plasma moment; S5, discharging the harmless gas into the atmospheric environment; and S6, collecting the solid residue for disposal.

[0010] The processing method provided in this application first heats the combustible waste to form solid residue and cracked gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds. Then, an alternating electric field is used to ionize the cracked gas to form a cracked gas plasma moment, causing the dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the cracked gas to decompose into harmless gases. This allows the exhaust gas to be directly discharged into the atmosphere after the combustible waste treatment is completed, thus avoiding atmospheric pollution caused by harmful substances in the exhaust gas and simplifying the exhaust gas treatment operation, which is beneficial to improving the treatment efficiency of radioactive combustible waste. Before heating the combustible waste, it is first crushed into combustible waste particles, reducing its volume and making it easier to decompose during heating, thus increasing the decomposition rate of the combustible waste and improving the treatment efficiency of radioactive combustible waste. Furthermore, the embodiments of this application utilize the flame of the cracked gas plasma moment to heat the combustible waste, enabling the recovery and utilization of the heat from the cracked gas plasma moment, which helps to reduce the energy consumption of heating combustible waste.

[0011] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a method for treating radioactive combustible waste, which is implemented using the treatment system provided in the embodiments of the first aspect of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Other objects and advantages of this application will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings, and will help to provide a comprehensive understanding of this application.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the processing system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0014] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the processing system is shown.

[0015] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the heating pyrolysis device.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Processing system; 10. Crushing device; 20. Heating pyrolysis device; 201. Heating pyrolysis space; 202. Feed inlet; 203. Discharge outlet; 204. Gas outlet; 205. Flame inlet; 21. Heating pyrolysis body; 22. Heating element; 30. Microwave plasma pyrolysis device; 40. Discharge pipeline; 50. Dust removal and detection device; 60. Collection container; 70. Isolation device; 80. Pressure relief valve.

[0017] It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are shown only in a schematic manner without affecting the reader's understanding. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Exemplary embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For clarity and brevity, not all features of actual implementations are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the development of any such actual embodiment to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as complying with constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary depending on the implementation. Furthermore, it should be understood that while development work can be very complex and time-consuming, such development work is merely a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from the content of this application.

[0019] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring this application with unnecessary details, only the device structure and / or processing steps closely related to the solution according to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to this application are omitted.

[0020] Currently, radioactive combustible waste is usually incinerated. However, the combustion of radioactive combustible waste produces exhaust gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds. The treatment process for these exhaust gases is complex and it is difficult to completely remove dioxins. As a result, the relevant technologies have the problem of high dioxin content in the exhaust gas, making it impossible to directly release the exhaust gas into the atmosphere.

[0021] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of this application provide a system and method for treating radioactive combustible waste.

[0022] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the processing system provided in an embodiment of this application. The processing system 100 provided in the embodiment of this application may include a crushing device 10, a heating pyrolysis device 20, and a microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30. The crushing device 10 is used to crush combustible waste to obtain combustible waste particles; the heating pyrolysis device 20 is configured to receive the combustible waste particles and heat the combustible waste particles to cause the combustible waste particles to pyrolyze to form solid residue and pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic matter; the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30 is configured to receive the pyrolysis gas from the heating pyrolysis device 20 and ionize the pyrolysis gas under a microwave alternating electric field to form a pyrolysis gas plasma moment, so that the dioxins and other harmful organic matter in the pyrolysis gas are pyrolyzed to form harmless gas; the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30 is also configured to use the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment to heat the combustible waste in the heating pyrolysis device 20.

[0023] The processing system 100 provided in the embodiments of this application first uses a heating pyrolysis device 20 to pyrolyze combustible waste into solid residue and pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds. Then, a microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30 pyrolyzes the dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the pyrolysis gas into harmless gas. This avoids air pollution caused by harmful substances in the exhaust gas and simplifies the exhaust gas treatment operation, which is beneficial to improving the treatment efficiency of radioactive combustible waste. Furthermore, before heating the combustible waste using the heating pyrolysis device 20, the combustible waste is first crushed into combustible waste particles by a crushing device 10, which reduces the volume of the combustible waste and makes it easier to pyrolyze during heating, thereby increasing the pyrolysis rate of the combustible waste in the heating pyrolysis device 20 and thus improving the treatment efficiency of radioactive combustible waste. By using the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment to heat the combustible waste in the heating pyrolysis device 20, the heat of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment can be recovered and utilized, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of heating combustible waste.

[0024] The crushing device 10 can be, for example, a screw crusher that crushes combustible waste by pressure.

[0025] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the processing system is shown; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the heating pyrolysis device 20 shown illustrates that, in some embodiments, the heating pyrolysis device 20 may include a heating pyrolysis body 21 and a heating element 22. The heating pyrolysis body 21 is configured to form a heating pyrolysis space 201 and an inlet 202, an outlet 203, an outlet 204, and a flame inlet 205 communicating with the heating pyrolysis space 201. The heating element 22 is used to heat the combustible waste in the heating pyrolysis space 201 to cause the combustible waste to pyrolyze; the inlet 202 is used to receive combustible waste particles; the outlet 203 is used to discharge solid residue from the heating pyrolysis space 201; the outlet 204 is used to discharge pyrolysis gas from the heating pyrolysis space 201 into the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30, or to discharge harmless gas to the outside; the flame inlet 205 is used to allow the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment to enter the heating pyrolysis space 201.

[0026] In this embodiment, the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment enters the heating pyrolysis space 201 through the flame inlet 205, thereby simultaneously heating the combustible waste within the heating pyrolysis space 201 using both the heating element 22 and the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment. This allows the combustible waste to be pyrolyzed into solid residue and pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds. By utilizing the heat from the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment, the energy consumption for heating the combustible waste is reduced, and the heating efficiency is improved. The solid residue can be discharged from the heating pyrolysis space 201 through the discharge port 203 for collection. The solid residue undergoes further processing. The pyrolysis gas, containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds, formed from the pyrolysis of combustible waste, can leave the heated pyrolysis space 201 through the outlet 204 and enter the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30. This ionizes the pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds, forming a pyrolysis gas plasma moment, thus pyrolyzing the dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the pyrolysis gas into harmless gases. These harmless gases can enter the heated pyrolysis space 201 through the flame inlet 205 along with the pyrolysis gas plasma moment, and finally be discharged outwards through the outlet 204. It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, the gas can circulate within the heated pyrolysis space 201 and the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30 through the outlet 204 and the flame inlet 205, and the ultimately formed harmless gas is discharged outwards through the outlet 204. In the embodiments of this application, since the gas can circulate through the gas outlet 204 and the flame inlet 205 within the heating and pyrolysis space 201 and the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30, the generation of soot can be reduced. Furthermore, the gas circulation can also agitate the airflow within the heating and pyrolysis space 201, preventing the local accumulation of radionuclides and thus avoiding an increase in local radiation dose.

[0027] In some embodiments, the heating element 22 is configured to heat the combustible waste within the heating pyrolysis space 201 using electromagnetic force. In such embodiments, electromagnetic heating of the combustible waste can rapidly increase its temperature, enabling it to pyrolyze quickly and thus improving the pyrolysis rate.

[0028] In some embodiments, the heating element 22 includes an electromagnetic coil and a shielding magnetic ring. The shielding magnetic ring is disposed on the radial outer side of the heating and pyrolysis body 21, and the electromagnetic coil is disposed on the radial outer side of the shielding magnetic ring. The electromagnetic coil is used to heat the heating and pyrolysis body 21, and the shielding magnetic ring is configured to confine the divergent magnetic flux of the electromagnetic coil within the effective heating area of ​​the heating and pyrolysis body 21, thereby improving the heating effect.

[0029] In some embodiments, the shielding magnetic ring is a non-ferrite nanocrystalline magnetic shielding magnetic ring, which can confine the divergent magnetic flux to the effective heating region of the heating and cracking space 201, reducing magnetic leakage by 60% and increasing the magnetic flux utilization rate from the conventional 50% to over 85%.

[0030] In some embodiments, the heating pyrolysis apparatus 20 may be an oxygen-free rotary furnace.

[0031] In some embodiments, the turn density of the electromagnetic coil gradually increases from the feed inlet 202 toward the discharge outlet 203. By setting the electromagnetic coil as described above, using a shielded magnetic ring, and simultaneously using the electromagnetic coil and the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment to heat the combustible waste in the heating pyrolysis space 201, the temperature of the heating pyrolysis space 201 can rise rapidly. For example, the temperature of the heating pyrolysis space 201 can rise to 1000°C within half an hour, which is more than twice as fast as the temperature rise rate of the heating pyrolysis space 201 in related technologies.

[0032] In some embodiments, the turns density of the electromagnetic coil gradually increases from the feed inlet 202 towards the discharge outlet 203. This arrangement facilitates the complete pyrolysis of combustible waste and helps ensure the treatment results of combustible waste.

[0033] In some embodiments, the heating element 22 is configured to heat the temperature within the heating pyrolysis space 201 to 800°C-1000°C, so that the combustible waste particles can be pyrolyzed using their own calorific value characteristics to form solid residue and pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds, thereby reducing the volume of combustible solid waste. Due to the high temperature, the heating pyrolysis device 20 can process combustible waste quickly (processing speed of 30-50 kg / h) and can significantly reduce the amount of residue after processing (the mass of the obtained solid residue is 1 / 60 of the mass of the combustible waste, and the volume is reduced by more than 50 times).

[0034] In some embodiments, the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30 may employ a microwave resonant cavity structure to generate microwave resonance, thereby ionizing the pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds to form a pyrolysis gas plasma moment. The temperature of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment can reach above 1500°C, so that the dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the pyrolysis gas can continue to pyrolyze to form harmless gas; and return to the heating pyrolysis device 20 along with the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment.

[0035] In some embodiments, the pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds can be used as a carrier gas in the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30, allowing the dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the exhaust gas from the heating pyrolysis device 20 to undergo direct and rapid high-temperature pyrolysis. No toxic or harmful substances such as dioxins and nitrogen oxides are detected in the exhaust gas flowing from the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30, and the gas meets emission standards. In related technologies, the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30 typically uses a specific gas such as argon as a carrier gas. In this embodiment, the exhaust gas from the heating pyrolysis device 20 is directly used as the carrier gas, causing the exhaust gas to be directly ionized to generate a high-temperature plasma moment for further pyrolysis. The flame of the plasma moment is then used to ignite the combustible waste, and the generated heat is recovered to create an energy-saving effect.

[0036] In some embodiments, the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30 may include a microwave power control system, a waveguide transmission system, a flare system, and a water-cooling circulation system.

[0037] The microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30 is small in size, which helps to miniaturize the entire processing system 100, reduce the footprint, and lower construction and operating costs.

[0038] In some embodiments, the heating pyrolysis body 21 can be inclined, so that the solid residue in the heating pyrolysis space 201 can move along the inner wall of the heating pyrolysis space 201 to the discharge port 203 under the action of gravity, and be discharged from the heating pyrolysis space 201 through the discharge port 203. In such an embodiment, the above arrangement allows the solid residue to roll to the discharge port 203 under its own gravity and leave the heating pyrolysis space 201 through the discharge port 203. Since the solid residue still has a certain degree of radioactivity, this arrangement eliminates the need for manual operation when the solid residue is discharged from the heating pyrolysis space 201, thus protecting the operators.

[0039] In some embodiments, the processing system 100 may further include a collection container 60 for collecting solid residues exiting the heating and pyrolysis space 201 from the discharge port 203. In such embodiments, by collecting the solid residues exiting the heating and pyrolysis space 201 from the discharge port 203 through the collection container 60, the waste can be directly disposed of after the collection container 60 is sealed, without the need for other processing operations, which simplifies the treatment process of radioactive combustible waste.

[0040] Collection container 60, for example, is a high-integrity waste bin.

[0041] In some embodiments, the discharge port 203 is configured to switch between an open and closed state. When the heating element 22 heats the combustible waste in the heating pyrolysis space 201 to cause the combustible waste to pyrolyze, the discharge port 203 is closed to prevent unpyrolyted combustible waste from leaving the heating pyrolysis space 201 through the discharge port 203; when the combustible waste has completed pyrolysis, the discharge port 203 is opened to allow solid residue to leave the heating pyrolysis space 201 through the discharge port 203 and enter the collection container.

[0042] In some embodiments, a collection container is disposed below the discharge port 203 to collect solid residues leaving the heated pyrolysis space 201 from the discharge port 203.

[0043] In some embodiments, the processing system 100 may further include an exhaust pipe 40 and a pressure relief valve 80 disposed on the exhaust pipe 40. When the pressure relief valve 80 is open, the gas in the heating pyrolysis space 201 can enter the exhaust pipe 40. When the pressure relief valve 80 is closed, the gas in the heating pyrolysis space 201 enters the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30 to form a plasma torch, and then returns to the heating pyrolysis space 201.

[0044] In some embodiments, the treatment system 100 may further include a dust removal and detection device 50 disposed in the discharge pipeline 40. Before being discharged, harmless gases discharged from the outlet 204 of the heating and pyrolysis space 201 can first enter the dust removal and detection device 50 for dust removal and detection of toxic and harmful substances such as dioxins and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. Test results show that no toxic and harmful substances such as dioxins and nitrogen oxides were detected in the Go stones discharged after treatment according to the embodiments of this application.

[0045] In some embodiments, the thermal pyrolysis body 21 is further configured to form an air inlet communicating with the thermal pyrolysis space 201. The processing system 100 may also include a purge gas supply component for supplying purge gas to the thermal pyrolysis space 201 through the air inlet, so that residual dust on the inner wall of the thermal pyrolysis space 201 exits from the discharge port 203 and enters the collection container. In such embodiments, the purge gas prevents powder residue from remaining on the inner wall of the thermal pyrolysis space 201; simultaneously, the removal of powder residue by gas purging eliminates the need for manual operation when the powder is discharged from the thermal pyrolysis space 201, thus protecting operators. The air inlet can be a separate opening or share an opening with the feed port 202.

[0046] In some embodiments, the processing system 100 may further include a feeder connected to the crushing device 10, the feeder being used to feed combustible waste into the crushing device 10 so that the combustible waste can be crushed by the crushing device 10.

[0047] In some embodiments, the crushing device 10 can crush combustible waste into particles of 1-2 cm in size. The crushing device 10 can be, for example, a screw crusher that crushes combustible waste under pressure.

[0048] In some embodiments, the processing system 100 may further include two isolation devices 70, one isolation device 70 being disposed between the crushing device 10 and the heating pyrolysis device 20, and the other isolation device 70 being disposed between the heating pyrolysis device 20 and the collection container 60, for ensuring an oxygen-free environment in the heating pyrolysis device 20 when materials are fed into and discharged from the heating pyrolysis device 20.

[0049] In some embodiments, the isolation device 70 includes a sealed space and sealed doors disposed on both sides of the sealed space. Only one of the two sealed doors is opened at a time. For example, for the isolation device 70 disposed between the crushing device 10 and the thermal pyrolysis device 20, during feeding, the sealed door facing the crushing device 10 is opened, and the crushed combustible waste particles enter the sealed space. The sealed door facing the crushing device 10 is then closed. Afterward, the sealed space is evacuated, and then the sealed door facing the thermal pyrolysis device 20 is opened to send the combustible waste particles into the discharge port 203 of the thermal pyrolysis device 20.

[0050] When the heating pyrolysis device 20 discharges material, the sealing door on the side facing the heating pyrolysis device 20 opens, and the solid residue enters the sealed space under the action of gravity. Then the sealing door on the side facing the heating pyrolysis device 20 is closed. After that, the sealed space is evacuated, and then the sealing door facing the collection container 60 is opened, and the solid residue is sent into the collection container 60.

[0051] In this embodiment, by setting up the isolation device 70 and tilting the heating and pyrolysis body 21, the processing system can continuously unload materials during operation, that is, it can run continuously without stopping, thus avoiding the problem of local dose increase caused by the accumulation of radionuclides.

[0052] In some embodiments, the processing system 100 may further include a control element for controlling the feeding element to feed into the crushing device 10 and controlling the opening of the discharge port 203, so as to realize automatic feeding into the heating pyrolysis device 20 and automatic unloading into the heating pyrolysis device 20, so that there is no need for manual feeding and unloading by operators, which is beneficial to protecting operators.

[0053] The control component can be, for example, a PLC control system.

[0054] An embodiment of this application also provides a method for treating radioactive combustible waste, comprising: S1, crushing the combustible waste to obtain combustible waste particles; S2, heating the combustible waste particles to cause them to decompose and form solid residue and decomposed gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic matter; S3, ionizing the decomposed gas using a microwave alternating electric field to form a decomposed gas plasma moment, causing the dioxins and other harmful organic matter in the decomposed gas to decompose into harmless gas; S4, heating the combustible waste particles in step S2 using the flame of the decomposed gas plasma moment; S5, discharging the harmless gas into the atmospheric environment; and S6, collecting the solid residue for disposal.

[0055] The processing method provided in this application first heats the combustible waste to form solid residue and cracked gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds. Then, an alternating electric field is used to ionize the cracked gas to form a cracked gas plasma moment, causing the dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the cracked gas to decompose into harmless gases. This allows the exhaust gas to be directly discharged into the atmosphere after the combustible waste treatment is completed, thus avoiding atmospheric pollution caused by harmful substances in the exhaust gas and simplifying the exhaust gas treatment operation, which is beneficial to improving the treatment efficiency of radioactive combustible waste. Before heating the combustible waste, it is first crushed into combustible waste particles, reducing its volume and making it easier to decompose during heating, thus increasing the decomposition rate of the combustible waste and improving the treatment efficiency of radioactive combustible waste. Furthermore, the embodiments of this application utilize the flame of the cracked gas plasma moment to heat the combustible waste, enabling the recovery and utilization of the heat from the cracked gas plasma moment, which helps to reduce the energy consumption of heating combustible waste.

[0056] In some embodiments, the combustible waste particles can be heated to 800-1000°C in step S2. In related technologies, the temperature during combustible waste incineration is below 800°C, which results in the generation of secondary waste and high dioxin content in the exhaust gas. In the embodiments of this application, by heating the combustible waste particles to 800-1000°C, the generation of secondary waste can be reduced, the dioxin content in the pyrolysis gas can be lowered, and subsequent treatment of the pyrolysis gas can be facilitated.

[0057] In some embodiments, in step S2, the combustible waste particles are heated to 800-1000°C using a segmented heating method. In such embodiments, the segmented heating method allows the combustible waste particles to heat up rapidly; for example, the combustible waste particles can reach 1000°C within half an hour, which is beneficial for the rapid and complete pyrolysis of the combustible waste particles.

[0058] In some embodiments, in step S3, the pyrolysis gas is ionized to a temperature above 1500°C using a microwave alternating electric field. In such embodiments, the above setup ensures that dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the pyrolysis gas are completely pyrolyzed, ensuring that the gas no longer contains harmful substances.

[0059] In some embodiments, in step S1, combustible waste can be crushed into particles of 1-2 cm in size to further improve the pyrolysis rate of the obtained combustible waste particles during heating and pyrolysis.

[0060] In some embodiments, prior to step S5, the process may further include: detecting the harmless gas to determine that it does not contain dioxins, nitrogen oxides, or other harmful substances. By detecting the harmless gas and confirming that it does not contain harmful substances, the harmless gas is then released to ensure that it does not pollute the atmospheric environment.

[0061] The embodiments of this application also provide a method for treating radioactive combustible waste, which is implemented using the treatment system 100 provided in any embodiment of this application.

[0062] In some embodiments, the processing method may include the following steps: S10, crushing combustible waste using a crushing device 10 to obtain combustible waste particles; S20, conveying the combustible waste particles to a heating pyrolysis device 20, heating the combustible waste particles using the heating pyrolysis device 20 to pyrolyze them into solid residue and pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic matter; S30, ionizing the pyrolysis gas using a microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30 to form a pyrolysis gas plasma moment, causing the dioxins and other harmful organic matter in the pyrolysis gas to pyrolyze into harmless gas; S40, heating the combustible waste in the heating pyrolysis device 20 using the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment; S50, discharging the harmless gas into the atmospheric environment; S60, collecting the solid residue using a collection container 60 and disposing of the solid residue.

[0063] In this embodiment, the microwave plasma pyrolysis device 30 ionizes the gas under a microwave alternating electric field to form a pyrolysis gas plasma moment, causing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the pyrolysis gas to decompose into harmless gases. This avoids pollution caused by dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the pyrolysis gas, and also allows the formed harmless gases to be directly discharged into the atmosphere without the need for tail gas treatment, which simplifies the treatment of radioactive combustible waste and improves treatment efficiency. The crushing device 10 crushes the combustible waste into combustible waste particles, which helps to increase the pyrolysis rate of the combustible waste in the heating pyrolysis device 20, thereby improving treatment efficiency. The collection container 60 collects and disposes of the solid residue, eliminating the need for further treatment of the solid residue and simplifying the treatment process of radioactive combustible waste. Furthermore, the embodiments of this application utilize the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment to heat the combustible waste in the heating pyrolysis device 20, which allows for the recovery and utilization of the heat from the pyrolysis gas plasma moment, thus reducing the energy consumption for heating combustible waste.

[0064] Regarding the embodiments of this application, it should also be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0065] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. The scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A system for treating radioactive combustible waste, characterized in that, The processing system includes: Crushing device, heating pyrolysis device, and microwave plasma pyrolysis device, The crushing device is used to crush the combustible waste to obtain combustible waste particles; The heating pyrolysis device is configured to receive the combustible waste particles and heat the combustible waste particles to cause them to pyrolyze into solid residue and pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds. The microwave plasma pyrolysis device is configured to receive pyrolysis gas from the heating pyrolysis device and ionize the pyrolysis gas under a microwave alternating electric field to form a pyrolysis gas plasma moment, so that dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the pyrolysis gas are pyrolyzed into harmless gases. The microwave plasma pyrolysis device is further configured to use the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment to heat the combustible waste within the heating pyrolysis device.

2. The processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating pyrolysis device includes a heating pyrolysis body and a heating element. The heating pyrolysis body is configured to form a heating pyrolysis space and an inlet, an outlet, an air outlet, and a flame inlet communicating with the heating pyrolysis space. The heating element is used to heat the combustible waste in the heating and pyrolysis space to cause the combustible waste to pyrolyze. The feed inlet is used to receive the combustible waste particles; The discharge port is used to discharge the solid residue from the heating and pyrolysis space; The outlet is used to allow the pyrolysis gas to exit the heated pyrolysis space and enter the microwave plasma pyrolysis device, or to discharge harmless gas to the outside; The flame inlet is used to allow the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment to enter the heating and pyrolysis space.

3. The processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heating and pyrolysis body is tilted; The solid residue in the heating and pyrolysis space can move along the inner wall of the heating and pyrolysis space to the discharge port under the action of gravity, so as to be discharged from the heating and pyrolysis space through the discharge port.

4. The processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The processing system further includes a collection container for collecting the solid residue that leaves the heating and pyrolysis space from the discharge port.

5. The processing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heating and pyrolysis body is also configured to form an air inlet communicating with the heating and pyrolysis space. The processing system also includes: A purge gas supply unit is used to supply purge gas to the heated pyrolysis space through the air inlet, so that the dust remaining on the inner wall of the heated pyrolysis space leaves from the discharge port and enters the collection container.

6. A method for treating radioactive combustible waste, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. The combustible waste is crushed to obtain combustible waste particles; S2. Heating the combustible waste particles causes them to decompose, forming solid residue and decomposed gases containing dioxins and other harmful organic compounds; S3. The pyrolysis gas is ionized using a microwave alternating electric field to form a pyrolysis gas plasma moment, thereby causing the dioxins and other harmful organic compounds in the pyrolysis gas to decompose into harmless gases. S4. The combustible waste from step S2 is heated using the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment; S5. Discharge the harmless gas into the atmospheric environment; S6. Collect the solid residue for disposal.

7. The processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, the combustible waste particles are heated to 800-1000°C.

8. The processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the pyrolysis gas is ionized to a temperature above 1500°C using an alternating microwave electric field.

9. A method for treating radioactive combustible waste, characterized in that, The processing method is implemented using the processing system described in any one of claims 1-5.

10. The processing method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10. The combustible waste is crushed using a crushing device to obtain combustible waste particles; S20. The combustible waste particles are conveyed to the heating pyrolysis device, and the combustible waste particles are heated by the heating pyrolysis device to cause them to pyrolyze into solid residue and pyrolysis gas containing dioxins and other harmful organic matter. S30. The microwave plasma pyrolysis device is used to ionize the pyrolysis gas to form a pyrolysis gas plasma moment, so that the dioxins and other harmful organic substances in the pyrolysis gas are pyrolyzed into harmless gases. S40. The combustible waste particles in the heating pyrolysis device are heated using the flame of the pyrolysis gas plasma moment; S50. Discharge the harmless gas into the atmospheric environment; S60. Collect the solid residue using a collection container and dispose of the solid residue.

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