Linearly adjustable resistor and method for adjusting resistance
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611242767.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-08-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
AI Technical Summary
[0004]基于此，有必要针对现有的数字变阻器无法实现连续调节且调节精度不高的问题，提供一种线性可调电阻器及电阻调节方法
Smart Images
Figure CN123017662A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, and in particular to a linearly adjustable resistor and a method for adjusting the resistance. Background Technology
[0002] In circuit design, resistors are commonly used and essential electronic components, and resistance value control technology is increasingly widely used in various fields.
[0003] Currently, most digital rheostats control the resistance value through digital signals to ensure the output resistance meets the target value. However, existing digital rheostats are resistor arrays, which cannot achieve continuous adjustment and have low adjustment accuracy, thus failing to adequately meet user needs. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a linearly adjustable resistor and a resistance adjustment method to address the problems of existing digital rheostats being unable to achieve continuous adjustment and having low adjustment accuracy.
[0005] A linearly adjustable resistor includes: a fixed resistor and a variable resistor, wherein the variable resistor and the fixed resistor are connected in series to form a series circuit, and a power supply is connected to both ends of the series circuit; a driving element, which is drivenly connected to the variable resistor and used to adjust the resistance value of the variable resistor; an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, which is connected to both ends of the fixed resistor and used to acquire the voltage value across the fixed resistor; and a control unit, which is electrically connected to the driving element and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit respectively; wherein the control unit is configured to calculate the actual resistance value of the variable resistor based on the voltage value acquired by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, compare the actual resistance value of the variable resistor with a target resistance value, and control the driving element to continuously adjust the variable resistor according to the comparison result until the actual resistance value of the variable resistor is equal to the target resistance value of the variable resistor.
[0006] The aforementioned linear adjustable resistor, by using the voltage across the fixed resistor as a feedback signal and combining it with the known power supply voltage and the resistance value of the fixed resistor, can accurately deduce the actual resistance value of the variable resistor. It continuously samples, calculates, compares, and adjusts to ensure that the actual resistance value of the variable resistor eventually reaches the target resistance value. The entire adjustment process forms a closed-loop feedback mechanism, which effectively improves the accuracy and stability of resistance adjustment and can control the error within the set accuracy range. In addition, due to the adoption of digital sampling and automatic feedback mechanisms, errors and response delays caused by manual intervention are avoided, significantly improving the automation level and dynamic response capability of the linear adjustable resistor.
[0007] In some embodiments, the actual resistance value of the variable resistor is calculated according to the following formula: R X =R0(V 总 / V0-1), where R X R0 is the actual resistance value of the variable resistor, and R0 is the resistance value of the fixed resistor. 总 V is the power supply voltage, and V0 is the voltage value of the fixed resistor.
[0008] In some embodiments, the fixed resistor has a resistance of 200 ohms and the power supply has a voltage of 5V.
[0009] In some embodiments, the resistance value of the variable resistor is adjustable from 0 ohms to 200 ohms.
[0010] A resistance adjustment method, applied to the aforementioned linear adjustable resistor, includes the following steps: S1, connecting a variable resistor and a fixed resistor in series to form a series circuit, and connecting a power supply across the two ends of the series circuit; S2, adjusting the variable resistor to a target resistance value; S3, acquiring the voltage value across the fixed resistor, and calculating the actual resistance value of the variable resistor based on the acquired voltage value; S4, comparing the actual resistance value of the variable resistor with the target resistance value; S5, if the actual resistance value is not equal to the target resistance value, continuously adjusting the variable resistor and repeating steps S3, S4, and S5 until the actual resistance value of the variable resistor is equal to the target resistance value.
[0011] The aforementioned resistance adjustment method uses the voltage across the fixed resistor as a feedback signal. Combined with the known power supply voltage and the resistance value of the fixed resistor, it can accurately deduce the actual resistance value of the variable resistor. It continuously samples, calculates, compares, and adjusts to ensure that the actual resistance value of the variable resistor eventually reaches the target resistance value. The entire adjustment process forms a closed-loop feedback mechanism, which effectively improves the accuracy and stability of resistance adjustment and can control the error within the set accuracy range. In addition, due to the use of digital sampling and automatic feedback mechanisms, errors and response delays caused by manual intervention are avoided, significantly improving the automation level and dynamic response capability of the linear adjustable resistor.
[0012] In some embodiments, the actual resistance value of the variable resistor is calculated according to the following formula: R X =R0(V 总 / V0-1), where R X R0 is the actual resistance value of the variable resistor, and R0 is the resistance value of the fixed resistor. 总 V is the power supply voltage, and V0 is the voltage value of the fixed resistor.
[0013] In some embodiments, the resistance value R0 of the fixed resistor is 200 ohms, and the power supply voltage V 总 The voltage is 5V, and the resistance value of the variable resistor can be adjusted from 0 ohms to 200 ohms.
[0014] In some embodiments, the fixed resistor is configured as a replaceable sampling resistor, and the variable resistor is configured as a replaceable wire-wound rheostat; by replacing the sampling resistor and the wire-wound rheostat with different resistance values, the linearly adjustable resistor can linearly output a resistance value within an arbitrary range.
[0015] In some embodiments, the resistance value output by the linearly adjustable resistor is less than or equal to 0.001%.
[0016] In some embodiments, the linearly adjustable resistor further includes a control unit and a drive connected to the variable resistor; the control unit adjusts the stroke of the drive according to the difference between the actual resistance value of the variable resistor and the target resistance value according to a proportional, integral, and derivative superposition algorithm, so that the drive linearly adjusts the actual resistance value of the variable resistor. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a linearly adjustable resistor in some embodiments of this application.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the resistance adjustment method in some embodiments of this application.
[0019] Figure label:
[0020] 100, Fixed resistor; 200, Variable resistor; 300, Analog-to-digital converter circuit; 400, Power supply. Detailed Implementation
[0021] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0022] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0024] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "initial," "connected," "linked," and "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0025] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0026] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.
[0027] Please refer to Figure 1In one embodiment, the linearly adjustable resistor includes a fixed resistor 100, a variable resistor 200, a driving element, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuit 300, and a control unit. The variable resistor 200 is connected in series with the fixed resistor 100 to form a series circuit, and a power supply 400 is connected to both ends of the series circuit. The driving element is drivenly connected to the variable resistor 200 and is used to adjust the resistance value of the variable resistor 200. The ADC circuit 300 is connected to both ends of the fixed resistor 100 and is used to acquire the voltage value across the fixed resistor 100. The control unit is electrically connected to the driving element and the ADC circuit 300, respectively. The control unit is configured to calculate the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200 based on the voltage value acquired by the ADC circuit 300, compare the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200 with the target resistance value, and control the driving element to continuously adjust the variable resistor 200 according to the comparison result until the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200 is equal to the target resistance value of the variable resistor 200.
[0028] It should be noted that the variable resistor 200, the fixed resistor 100, and the power supply 400 form a complete series circuit. Since the current in the variable resistor 200 and the fixed resistor 100 is equal, the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200 can be calculated by measuring the voltage across the fixed resistor 100. The analog-to-digital converter 300 samples the voltage across the fixed resistor 100, converts the analog signal into a digital signal, and transmits it to the control unit. The control unit processes the data based on a preset algorithm and generates corresponding drive commands, which are sent to the drive unit. After receiving the command, the drive unit fine-tunes the sliding contact of the variable resistor 200 through a mechanical transmission structure, thereby changing its effective resistance length and achieving continuous linear adjustment of the resistance value.
[0029] The aforementioned linear adjustable resistor, by using the voltage across the fixed resistor 100 as a feedback signal, combined with the known voltage of the power supply 400 and the resistance value of the fixed resistor 100, can accurately deduce the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200. It continuously samples, calculates, compares, and adjusts to ensure that the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200 ultimately reaches the target resistance value. The entire adjustment process forms a closed-loop feedback mechanism, effectively improving the accuracy and stability of resistance adjustment and keeping the error within the set precision range. Furthermore, the use of digital sampling and automatic feedback mechanisms avoids errors and response delays caused by manual intervention, significantly improving the automation level and dynamic response capability of the linear adjustable resistor.
[0030] In the embodiments of this application, the driving component is connected to the variable resistor 200 and is used to adjust the resistance value of the variable resistor 200. The stroke of the driving component is linearly related to the change in the resistance value of the variable resistor 200, ensuring the continuity and repeatability of the output resistance value throughout the adjustment range. The driving component can be a stepper motor, servo motor, or linear actuator, etc., and its output shaft is connected to the sliding end of the variable resistor 200 through a gear, lead screw, or linkage mechanism, thereby achieving precise control of the resistance value.
[0031] In the embodiments of this application, the analog-to-digital converter circuit 300 is connected across the fixed resistor 100 and is used to acquire the voltage value across the fixed resistor 100. The analog-to-digital converter circuit 300 can accurately convert analog voltage signals into digital signals. The reference voltage of the analog-to-digital converter circuit 300 is kept consistent with the power supply voltage 400 to eliminate measurement errors caused by reference voltage fluctuations and improve the system's anti-interference capability in complex electromagnetic environments.
[0032] In the embodiments of this application, the control unit is electrically connected to the driving component and the analog-to-digital converter circuit 300, respectively. The control unit is configured to run a closed-loop control algorithm, process the voltage data uploaded by the analog-to-digital converter circuit 300 in real time, and dynamically generate driving commands based on a preset resistance calculation model. The control unit may be implemented as a microcontroller unit, a digital signal processor, or an application-specific integrated circuit.
[0033] For details, please refer to Figure 1 The actual resistance of the variable resistor 200Ω is calculated using the following formula: R X =R0(V 总 / V0-1), where R X R0 is the actual resistance of the variable resistor 200 ohms, and R0 is the resistance of the fixed resistor 100 ohms. 总 V0 is the voltage of the 400V power supply and the voltage of the 100Ω fixed resistor.
[0034] It is understandable that the above formula is derived based on the voltage divider principle of series circuits: in a series circuit, the current is the same everywhere, and the total voltage is equal to the sum of the voltages across each resistor. Therefore, the loop current I = V0 / R0 can be calculated from the voltage V0 across the fixed resistor 100, and thus the voltage across the variable resistor 200 is V. 总 -V0, ultimately leading to R X =(V 总 -V0) / I=R0(V 总 / V0-1).
[0035] The benefits here are: it not only simplifies the resistance calculation process but also improves real-time performance and accuracy, avoiding contact resistance errors that may be introduced by directly measuring the voltage of the variable resistor 200. Furthermore, by using the power supply voltage 400 as a reference and sharing the same voltage source with the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 300, systematic deviations caused by fluctuations in the power supply 400 are effectively eliminated, further improving the overall measurement and adjustment accuracy.
[0036] For a specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The fixed resistor 100 has a resistance of 200 ohms, and the power supply 400 has a voltage of 5V.
[0037] The beneficial effect here is that this parameter configuration allows the analog-to-digital converter circuit 300 to operate within a better voltage sampling range, which helps to improve the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of the analog-to-digital conversion, thereby enhancing the overall adjustment accuracy and reliability of the system.
[0038] In the embodiments of this application, the fixed resistor 100 has a resistance of 200 ohms, and the voltage across the fixed resistor 100 varies within the range of 0V to 2.5V. This voltage range is compatible with the input range of commonly used analog-to-digital converters, ensuring that the sampled data has a high number of significant bits and a low quantization error. In other embodiments, the resistance of the fixed resistor 100 can also be other values. The specific value can be optimized according to the actual application requirements and the input characteristics of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 300 to balance measurement sensitivity and stability.
[0039] In the embodiments of this application, the voltage of the power supply 400 is 5V. This voltage value is regulated to ensure its stability, avoiding the impact of power supply 400 fluctuations on the accuracy of resistance calculation, and reducing the overall system power consumption while ensuring measurement accuracy. In other embodiments, the voltage of the power supply 400 can also be other values. The specific value can be adjusted according to the reference voltage range of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 300 and the system power consumption requirements to adapt to the hardware platform in different application scenarios.
[0040] For a specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The resistance of the variable resistor 200 is adjustable from 0 ohms to 200 ohms.
[0041] The beneficial effects here are: the adjustment range is matched with the resistance value of the fixed resistor 100, which enables symmetrical and linear voltage division output across the entire range, thus improving the dynamic response performance and adjustment resolution of the control system; at the same time, the system has the highest voltage sensitivity when the target resistance value is near the midpoint of the range, thereby ensuring that high measurement accuracy and stability are maintained throughout the entire adjustment range.
[0042] In the embodiments of this application, the resistance adjustment range of the variable resistor 200 is 0 ohms to 200 ohms. This allows the voltage across the fixed resistor 100 to linearly decrease from approximately 5V (close to the power supply 400) to approximately 2.5V as the variable resistor 200 gradually increases from zero to 200 ohms. This provides a sufficiently wide and stable voltage variation range for the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 300, facilitating high-precision sampling and resistance value inversion. In other embodiments, the resistance adjustment range of the variable resistor 200 can also be other numerical ranges. The specific numerical range can be flexibly configured according to the requirements of adjustment accuracy, power consumption, and circuit size in the actual application scenario.
[0043] Please refer to Figure 2 In one embodiment, the resistance adjustment method is applied to the above-mentioned linearly adjustable resistor. The resistance adjustment method includes the following steps:
[0044] S1. Connect the variable resistor 200 and the fixed resistor 100 in series to form a series circuit, and connect the power supply 400 to both ends of the series circuit.
[0045] S2. Adjust the variable resistor 200 to the target resistance value;
[0046] S3. Collect the voltage value across the fixed resistor 100, and calculate the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200 based on the collected voltage value.
[0047] S4. Compare the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200Ω with the target resistance value;
[0048] S5. If the actual resistance value is not equal to the target resistance value, continue to adjust the variable resistor 200 and repeat steps S3, S4 and S5 until the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200 is equal to the target resistance value.
[0049] Understandably, this resistance adjustment method achieves high-precision resistance control through a closed-loop feedback mechanism. In step S3, the voltage acquisition is completed by the analog-to-digital converter 300, which converts the analog signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the control unit. The control unit analyzes the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200 in real time according to the preset resistance calculation model and compares it with the target resistance value in step S4. If there is a deviation, a corresponding drive command is generated in step S5 to control the drive unit to fine-tune the variable resistor 200 until the actual resistance value converges to the target resistance value.
[0050] The aforementioned resistance adjustment method uses the voltage across the fixed resistor 100 as a feedback signal. Combined with the known voltage of the power supply 400 and the resistance value of the fixed resistor 100, it can accurately deduce the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200. It continuously samples, calculates, compares, and adjusts the resistance to ensure that the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200 ultimately reaches the target resistance value. The entire adjustment process forms a closed-loop feedback mechanism, effectively improving the accuracy and stability of resistance adjustment and keeping the error within the set precision range. Furthermore, the use of digital sampling and automatic feedback mechanisms avoids errors and response delays caused by manual intervention, significantly improving the automation level and dynamic response capability of the linear adjustable resistor.
[0051] In the embodiments of this application, adjusting the variable resistor 200 to the target resistance value in step S2 can be achieved in the following ways: the user inputs the target resistance value through the human-machine interface, the control unit receives the target value, generates a preliminary drive command based on the difference between the current initial position of the variable resistor 200 and the target resistance value, and sends it to the drive component, which then drives the sliding contact of the variable resistor 200 to move towards the target position; or, the control unit finds the drive component stroke parameters corresponding to the target resistance value from a pre-stored calibration table and directly drives the variable resistor 200 to quickly approach the target resistance value, thereby shortening the adjustment time and improving the system response efficiency.
[0052] In the embodiments of this application, in step S3, a high-precision analog-to-digital converter can be used to sample the voltage signal. The sampling frequency is set according to the dynamic response requirements of the system to ensure that voltage changes can be captured in real time during the adjustment of the variable resistor 200. In addition, during the voltage acquisition process, a software filtering algorithm can be introduced to smooth the raw data, effectively suppressing high-frequency noise interference and further improving the reliability and repeatability of the resistance value inversion.
[0053] In the embodiments of this application, in step S5, if the actual resistance value is not equal to the target resistance value, the variable resistor 200 is continuously adjusted, and steps S3, S4, and S5 are repeated until the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200 is equal to the target resistance value. That is, the control unit can dynamically adjust the adjustment step size of the drive component, initially using a larger step size to quickly approach the target value, and later switching to a fine-tuning mode to precisely correct residual errors, thereby ensuring both adjustment speed and final accuracy. In addition, the system can also record key parameters during each adjustment process for subsequent self-calibration or fault diagnosis, further enhancing the intelligence level and long-term operational stability of the equipment.
[0054] For details, please refer to Figure 1 The actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200 ohms is calculated according to the following formula: R X =R0(V 总 / V0-1), where RX R0 is the actual resistance of the variable resistor 200 ohms, and R0 is the resistance of the fixed resistor 100 ohms. 总 V0 is the digital voltage value of a fixed resistor of 100V, and the power supply voltage is 400V.
[0055] It should be noted that the above formula is derived based on the voltage divider principle of series circuits: in a series circuit, the current is the same everywhere, and the total voltage is equal to the sum of the voltages across each resistor. Therefore, the loop current I = V0 / R0 can be calculated from the voltage V0 across the fixed resistor 100, and thus the voltage across the variable resistor 200 is V. 总 -V0, ultimately leading to R X ==(V 总 -V0) / I=R0(V 总 / V0-1).
[0056] The benefits here are: it not only simplifies the resistance calculation process but also improves real-time performance and accuracy, avoiding contact resistance errors that may be introduced by directly measuring the voltage of the variable resistor 200. Furthermore, by using the power supply voltage 400 as a reference and sharing the same voltage source with the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 300, systematic deviations caused by fluctuations in the power supply 400 are effectively eliminated, further improving the overall measurement and adjustment accuracy.
[0057] For a specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The fixed resistor R0 has a resistance of 200 ohms and a power supply voltage of 400V. 总 It is 5V, and the resistance of the variable resistor 200 is adjustable from 0 ohms to 200 ohms.
[0058] It is understandable that when the variable resistor 200 is 0 ohms, the voltage across the fixed resistor 100 is 5V; when the variable resistor 200 is 200 ohms, the voltage across the fixed resistor 100 is approximately 2.5V. This voltage variation range is within the optimal operating range of the analog-to-digital converter, which is beneficial for obtaining higher sampling accuracy and system stability.
[0059] The beneficial effects here are: this parameter combination configuration results in smooth current changes throughout the entire adjustment range, reducing the load capacity requirements of the 400V power supply and minimizing thermal noise interference caused by sudden current changes. Furthermore, because the fixed resistor 100 and the variable resistor 200 are matched, the voltage division ratio exhibits a good linear relationship across the entire range, facilitating the establishment of an accurate mapping model for the control unit.
[0060] Please refer to Figure 1 The fixed resistor 100 is configured as a replaceable sampling resistor, and the variable resistor 200 is configured as a replaceable wire-wound rheostat; by replacing the sampling resistor and the wire-wound rheostat with different resistance values, the linear adjustable resistor can be made to linearly output a resistance value within any range.
[0061] The beneficial effects here are: the replaceable structure of the sampling resistor and the wire-wound rheostat facilitates maintenance and calibration, effectively extends the service life, and supports rapid adaptation in application scenarios with different accuracy levels or power levels, thereby improving the versatility and practicality of linear adjustable resistors.
[0062] In the embodiments of this application, the fixed resistor 100 is configured as a replaceable sampling resistor. For example, the sampling resistor adopts a modular plug-in structure, which makes it easy for users to quickly replace resistor elements with different resistance values according to actual needs. The interface is equipped with anti-misinsertion design and electrical isolation measures to ensure the safety and reliability of the replacement process.
[0063] In the embodiments of this application, the variable resistor 200 is configured as a replaceable wire-wound rheostat. For example, the wire-wound rheostat adopts a standardized interface and mechanical positioning structure to ensure that the alignment accuracy of the sliding contact and the transmission mechanism is not affected after replacement. Its resistance wire material and winding process can be selected from high-stability alloys or high-temperature resistant materials according to the application environment to meet the long-term operation requirements under different load conditions.
[0064] For details, please refer to Figure 1 The resistance accuracy of the linear adjustable resistor output is less than or equal to 0.001%.
[0065] The beneficial effect here is that the linear adjustable resistor has high resistance accuracy, which can meet the stringent requirements of high-precision instruments, precision testing equipment and automatic calibration systems for resistance stability.
[0066] In the embodiments of this application, the resistance accuracy of the linearly adjustable resistor output is less than or equal to 0.001%, which is achieved through high-resolution analog-to-digital conversion, closed-loop feedback control, and low-temperature coefficient resistive materials.
[0067] For more specific details, please refer to Figure 1 The linearly adjustable resistor also includes a control unit and a drive unit connected to the variable resistor 200. The control unit adjusts the stroke of the drive unit according to the difference between the actual resistance value and the target resistance value of the variable resistor 200, based on a proportional, integral, and differential superposition algorithm, so that the drive unit linearly adjusts the actual resistance value of the variable resistor 200.
[0068] The beneficial effect here is that by optimizing the proportional, integral, and derivative parameters, it is possible to adapt to the dynamic response requirements under different load characteristics, ensuring high-precision and low-hysteresis resistance adjustment across the entire range.
[0069] In embodiments of this application, the linearly adjustable resistor further includes a control unit and a drive unit connected to the variable resistor 200. The drive unit can be implemented as a stepper motor, servo motor, or linear actuator, and its output shaft is mechanically coupled to the sliding contact of the variable resistor 200 to ensure that the drive command can be accurately converted into a resistance change. During operation, the drive unit responds to the adjustment signal issued by the control unit, driving the sliding contact to move smoothly along the resistive body, thereby realizing continuous and stepless adjustment of the resistance value of the variable resistor 200.
[0070] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0071] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A linearly adjustable resistor, characterized in that, include: A fixed resistor (100) and a variable resistor (200) are connected in series to form a series circuit, and a power supply (400) is connected to both ends of the series circuit. A driving component is connected to the variable resistor (200) and is used to adjust the resistance value of the variable resistor (200); An analog-to-digital converter circuit (300) is connected across the fixed resistor (100) and is used to acquire the voltage value across the fixed resistor (100). The control unit is electrically connected to the drive unit and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit (300), respectively; The control unit is configured to calculate the actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200) based on the voltage value collected by the analog-to-digital converter circuit (300), compare the actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200) with the target resistance value, and control the drive to continuously adjust the variable resistor (200) according to the comparison result until the actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200) is equal to the target resistance value of the variable resistor (200).
2. The linearly adjustable resistor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200) is calculated according to the following formula: R X =R0(V 总 / V0-1), where R X R0 is the actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200), and V is the resistance value of the fixed resistor (100). 总 V0 is the voltage of the power supply (400) and the voltage of the fixed resistor (100).
3. The linearly adjustable resistor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed resistor (100) has a resistance of 200 ohms, and the power supply (400) has a voltage of 5V.
4. The linearly adjustable resistor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The resistance of the variable resistor (200) is adjustable from 0 ohms to 200 ohms.
5. A resistance adjustment method, applied to a linearly adjustable resistor as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Connect the variable resistor (200) and the fixed resistor (100) in series to form a series circuit, and connect the power supply (400) to both ends of the series circuit. S2. Adjust the variable resistor (200) to the target resistance value; S3. Collect the voltage value across the fixed resistor (100) and calculate the actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200) based on the collected voltage value; S4. Compare the actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200) with the target resistance value; S5. If the actual resistance value is not equal to the target resistance value, the variable resistor (200) is continuously adjusted, and steps S3, S4 and S5 are repeated until the actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200) is equal to the target resistance value.
6. The resistance adjustment method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200) is calculated according to the following formula: R X =R0(V 总 / V0-1), where R X R0 is the actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200), and V is the resistance value of the fixed resistor (100). 总 V0 is the voltage of the power supply (400) and the voltage of the fixed resistor (100).
7. The resistance adjustment method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The resistance R0 of the fixed resistor (100) is 200 ohms, and the voltage V of the power supply (400) is... 总 The voltage is 5V, and the resistance of the variable resistor (200) is adjustable from 0 ohms to 200 ohms.
8. The resistance adjustment method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed resistor (100) is configured as a replaceable sampling resistor, and the variable resistor (200) is configured as a replaceable wire-wound rheostat. By replacing the sampling resistor and the wire-wound rheostat with different resistance values, the linearly adjustable resistor can be made to linearly output a resistance value within any range.
9. The resistance adjustment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The resistance accuracy of the linear adjustable resistor output is less than or equal to 0.001%.
10. The resistance adjustment method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The linearly adjustable resistor also includes a control unit and a drive unit connected to the variable resistor (200); The control unit adjusts the stroke of the drive component according to the difference between the actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200) and the target resistance value using a proportional, integral, and differential superposition algorithm, so that the drive component linearly adjusts the actual resistance value of the variable resistor (200).