A mechanically interlocked bistable relay

Abstract

The application particularly relates to a mechanical interlocking bistable relay, which realizes state keeping by rigid abutting between two locking members after power-off through a pure mechanical interlocking structure, and discards the dependence on permanent magnets and residual magnetism of armatures. Since the abutting between the locking members is rigid mechanical cooperation of surface contact or line contact, as long as the impact acceleration is not enough to make the locking members produce displacement beyond the abutting surface under the condition of external vibration or impact, the state can be stably kept, and the anti-vibration capacity is obviously superior to that of the structure depending on residual magnetic adsorption. Meanwhile, the electromagnet assembly only needs to be powered in the moment of state switching to overcome the interlocking resistance and drive the movement of the armature, and once the switching is completed and the mechanical interlocking is reestablished, the coil can be powered off, so the power-on time of the coil is extremely short, and the coil heating capacity and system power consumption are effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of relay technology, and specifically to a mechanically interlocked bistable relay. Background Technology

[0002] Bistable relays, as core actuators for circuit on / off control, are widely used in smart homes, industrial control, automotive electronics, and power protection equipment. They maintain a predetermined contact state after power failure without requiring continuous power, effectively reducing system energy consumption. In practical applications, bistable relays switch contacts by receiving set and reset electrical signals, completing the circuit's conduction and disconnection. This meets the control requirements for equipment start-up and shutdown, state maintenance, and safety protection, making them an indispensable basic component in automated control systems.

[0003] Existing bistable relays are mainly divided into single-coil magnetic latching structures and dual-coil magnetic self-locking structures. Single-coil magnetic latching relays rely on permanent magnets for power-off retention. However, permanent magnets are prone to demagnetization under high temperatures and strong demagnetizing magnetic fields, leading to contact state loss after long-term operation and poor anti-interference performance. Traditional dual-coil relays mostly rely on the residual magnetic force of the armature to maintain the state. After power-off, there is no purely mechanical limiting structure, and the armature is prone to displacement under external vibration and impact conditions, resulting in erroneous contact switching. Conventional bistable relays generally have long set and reset pulse durations, resulting in prolonged coil energization time, severe heat generation, and high power consumption. At the same time, relying solely on magnetic retention can lead to fatigue creep of the spring after long-term use, shortening the product's lifespan. Therefore, existing technologies generally suffer from problems such as reliance on permanent magnets or residual magnets for retention, weak vibration resistance, insufficient reliability of power-off retention, and high coil power consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology and to provide a mechanically interlocked bistable relay.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A mechanically interlocked bistable relay includes a housing, an electromagnet module, a linkage module, and a reset module. The electromagnet module includes a first electromagnet assembly and a second electromagnet assembly. The linkage module includes a first linkage component that cooperates with the first electromagnet assembly and a second linkage component that cooperates with the second electromagnet assembly. The reset module includes a first reset component that cooperates with the first linkage component and a second reset component that cooperates with the second linkage component. The first linkage component includes a first armature, a first locking element, and a first moving contact. Both the first locking element and the first moving contact are linked to the first armature. The second linkage component includes a second armature, a second locking element, and a second moving contact. Both the second locking element and the second moving contact are linked to the second armature. It also includes a first stationary contact opposite to the position of the first moving contact and a second stationary contact opposite to the position of the second moving contact. The linkage module has a first stable state in which the first moving contact is disconnected from the first stationary contact, the second moving contact is connected to the second stationary contact, the first locking element is located in the first position, and the second locking element is located in the third position; and a second stable state in which the first moving contact is connected to the first stationary contact, the second moving contact is disconnected from the second stationary contact, the first locking element is located in the second position, and the second locking element is located in the fourth position. When the first electromagnet assembly is energized, it attracts the first armature, causing the linkage module to switch to a first stable state. When the second electromagnet assembly is energized, it attracts the second armature, causing the linkage module to switch to a second stable state. When the linkage module is in the first steady state, the force exerted by the first reset component on the first linkage component causes the first locking member to have a first movement tendency to switch from the first position to the second position, and the second locking member is located in the third position to prevent the first movement tendency, thus locking the linkage module in the first steady state; when the linkage module is in the second steady state, the force exerted by the second reset component on the second linkage component causes the second locking member to have a second movement tendency to switch from the fourth position to the third position, and the first locking member is located in the second position to prevent the second movement tendency, thus locking the linkage module in the second steady state.

[0006] Preferably, the first electromagnet assembly and the second electromagnet assembly are located on both sides of the linkage module and are symmetrically arranged facing each other, and the first linkage assembly and the second linkage assembly are symmetrically arranged facing each other. The first linkage component rotates along the first rotation direction A and the second rotation direction B to give the first locking member a first position and a second position, and the second linkage component rotates along the first rotation direction A and the second rotation direction B to give the second locking member a third position and a fourth position, wherein the first rotation direction A is opposite to the second rotation direction B.

[0007] Preferably, the first electromagnet assembly includes a vertically arranged first coil support, a positioning coil wound around the first coil support, and a first iron core in the shape of an upward-opening U-shape. The first iron core includes a first core portion inserted into a first coil bracket, a first abutment portion located between a positioning coil and a first armature, and a first connecting portion located below the positioning coil and connecting the first core portion and the first abutment portion. The second electromagnet assembly includes a vertically arranged second coil support, a reset coil wound around the second coil support, and a U-shaped second iron core with an upward opening. The second iron core includes a second core portion inserted into the second coil support, a second abutment portion located between the reset coil and the second armature, and a second connecting portion located below the reset coil and connecting the second core portion and the second abutment portion. The first armature includes a vertically arranged first piece. When the positioning coil is energized, the first iron core attracts the first armature, causing the first locking member to rotate to the first position and the first piece to fit against the first abutment. The second armature includes a vertically arranged third piece. When the reset coil is energized, the second iron core attracts the second armature, causing the second locking member to rotate to the fourth position, so that the third piece fits into the second abutment.

[0008] Preferably, the first armature further includes a second portion connected to the upper end of the first portion to form an L-shaped structure, and the second armature further includes a fourth portion connected to the upper end of the third portion to form an L-shaped structure. The portion of the upper end of the first core that protrudes from the first coil support forms a first positioning portion, and the portion of the upper end of the second core that protrudes from the second coil support forms a second positioning portion. The first positioning part is provided with a first rotating slot on both sides, and the second piece is provided with a first rotating arm that is inserted into the first rotating slot to form a rotating engagement with it; The second positioning part is provided with second rotating slots on both sides, and the fourth piece is provided with a second rotating arm that is inserted into the second rotating slots to form a rotating engagement with them.

[0009] Preferably, the upper end of the first coil bracket is provided with a first positioning groove that matches the shape of the second piece, and the end of the second piece away from the first piece is inserted into the first positioning groove, and the first positioning groove restricts the horizontal movement of the second piece; The upper end of the second coil bracket is provided with a second positioning groove that is adapted to the shape of the fourth piece. The end of the fourth piece away from the third piece is inserted into the second positioning groove, and the second positioning groove restricts the horizontal movement of the fourth piece.

[0010] Preferably, the first reset assembly includes a first tension spring, with its two ends fixedly connected to the upper end of the first locking member and the position of the first positioning part above the first rotating jaw, respectively. The second reset assembly includes a second tension spring, with its two ends fixedly connected to the upper end of the second locking member and the position of the second positioning part above the second rotating jaw, respectively. When the linkage module is in the first stable state and the second stable state, both the first and second tension springs are in a stretched state. The lower ends of the first locking member and the second locking member are bent toward each other to form the first locking part and the second locking part, respectively. When the linkage module switches from the second steady state to the first steady state, the first electromagnet assembly attracts the first armature, causing the first locking member to rotate from the second position to the first position, and the restoring force of the second tension spring causes the second locking member to rotate from the fourth position to the third position; when the linkage module switches from the first steady state to the second steady state, the second electromagnet assembly attracts the second armature, causing the second locking member to rotate from the third position to the fourth position, and the restoring force of the first tension spring causes the first locking member to rotate from the first position to the second position. When the linkage module is in the first steady state, the first tension spring exerts a pulling force on the first locking member to drive it to rotate around the first rotational notch in the first rotational direction A, and the second locking part abuts against the top of the first locking part to prevent it from rotating in the first rotational direction A; when the linkage module is in the second steady state, the second tension spring exerts a pulling force on the second locking member to drive it to rotate around the second rotational notch in the second rotational direction B, and the first locking part abuts against the top of the second locking part to prevent it from rotating in the second rotational direction B.

[0011] Preferably, the first linkage component further includes a first linkage block and at least one first movable contact piece, with the first movable contact fixed to the first movable contact piece; the second linkage component further includes a second linkage block and at least one second movable contact piece, with the second movable contact fixed to the second movable contact piece. The first linkage block is fixedly connected to the first piece and the first movable contact piece, and the second linkage block is fixedly connected to the third piece and the second movable contact piece.

[0012] Preferably, the first linkage block, the first piece, and the first locking member are riveted together by a first rivet passing through them, and the second linkage block, the third piece, and the second locking member are riveted together by a second rivet passing through them.

[0013] Preferably, the housing includes an upper shell and a lower fixed base. The lower opening of the upper shell is opposite to and connected to the lower fixed base to form a mounting cavity. The electromagnet module, linkage module, and reset module are located in the mounting cavity, and the electromagnet module and linkage module are plugged into and connected to the lower fixed base.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Through a purely mechanical interlocking structure, this bistable relay maintains its state after power failure by relying on the rigid contact between the two locking components, eliminating the dependence on permanent magnets and residual magnetism of the armature. Since the contact between the locking components is a rigid mechanical fit of surface or line contact, under external vibration or impact conditions, as long as the impact acceleration is insufficient to cause the locking components to displace beyond the contact surface, the state can be stably maintained, exhibiting significantly better vibration resistance than structures relying on residual magnetism. Simultaneously, the electromagnet assembly only needs to be energized at the moment of state switching to overcome interlocking resistance and drive the armature component to move. Once the switching is complete and the mechanical interlock is re-established, the coil can be de-energized. Therefore, the coil energization time is extremely short, effectively reducing coil heat generation and system power consumption. Furthermore, the reset force provided by the reset assembly is only used to drive the locking components to generate a movement tendency and complete the reset action after the obstruction is released. The holding force during the state-holding phase is borne by the mechanical contact between the locking components. The reset assembly does not bear a continuous holding load, therefore the reset elastic element is less prone to fatigue creep, which helps extend the overall service life of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, obtaining other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort still falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional view of the linkage module in the first steady state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the linkage module in the first steady state after the shell has been removed, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the first electromagnet assembly and the first linkage assembly when the linkage module is in the first steady state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first linkage component when the linkage module is in the first steady state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first armature in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second linkage component when the linkage module is in the first steady state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a front view of the linkage module in the second steady state after the shell has been removed, according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the diagram, 1 is the housing; 11 is the upper housing; 12 is the lower fixing seat; 21 is the first coil support; 211 is the positioning coil; 212 is the first positioning groove; 22 is the second coil support; 221 is the reset coil; 222 is the second positioning groove; 31 is the first iron core; 311 is the first core part; 3111 is the first rotating jaw; 312 is the first abutment; 313 is the first connecting part; 32 is the second iron core; 321 is the second core part; 3211 is the second rotating jaw; 322 is the second abutment; 323 is the second connecting part; 41 is the first armature; 411 is the first plate; 412 is the second plate. Part; 4121, First rotating locking arm; 42, Second armature; 421, Third part; 422, Fourth part; 4221, Second rotating locking arm; 51, First moving contact piece; 511, First moving contact; 52, Second moving contact piece; 521, Second moving contact; 611, First stationary contact; 621, Second stationary contact; 71, First locking element; 711, First locking part; 72, Second locking element; 721, Second locking part; 81, First tension spring; 82, Second tension spring; 91, First linkage block; 911, First rivet; 92, Second linkage block; 921, Second rivet. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] It should be noted that all uses of "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of distinguishing two entities or parameters with the same name but different names. It is clear that "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of expression and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Subsequent embodiments will not explain this in detail.

[0019] The directional and positional terms used in this invention, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "top," "bottom," and "side," are merely for reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional and positional terms used are for illustrating and understanding this invention, and not for limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 8As shown in the figure, a mechanically interlocked bistable relay according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1, an electromagnet module, a linkage module, and a reset module. The electromagnet module includes a first electromagnet assembly and a second electromagnet assembly. The linkage module includes a first linkage component cooperating with the first electromagnet assembly and a second linkage component cooperating with the second electromagnet assembly. The reset module includes a first reset component cooperating with the first linkage component and a second reset component cooperating with the second linkage component. The first linkage component includes a first armature 41, a first locking component 71, and a first moving contact 511. The first locking component 71 and the first moving contact 511 are both linked to the first armature 41. The second linkage component includes a second armature 42, a second locking component 72, and a second moving contact 521. The second locking component 72 and the second moving contact 521 are both linked to the second armature 42. It also includes a first stationary contact 611 opposite to the first moving contact 511 and a second moving contact 621. The linkage module has a first stable state where the first moving contact 511 is disconnected from the first stationary contact 611, the second moving contact 521 is connected to the second stationary contact 621, the first locking member 71 is in a first position, and the second locking member 72 is in a third position; and a second stable state where the first moving contact 511 is connected to the first stationary contact 611, the second moving contact 521 is disconnected from the second stationary contact 621, the first locking member 71 is in a second position, and the second locking member 72 is in a fourth position. When the first electromagnet assembly is energized, it attracts the first armature 41, causing the linkage module to switch to the first stable state. When the second electromagnet assembly is energized, it attracts the second armature 42, causing the linkage module to switch to the second stable state. When the linkage module is in the first stable state, the force exerted by the first reset assembly on the first linkage assembly causes the first locking member 71 to have a first movement tendency to switch from the first position to the second position. The linkage module is locked in the first steady state when it is located in the third position that prevents the first movement tendency; when the linkage module is in the second steady state, the force of the second reset component on the second linkage component causes the second locking member 72 to have a second movement tendency to switch from the fourth position to the third position, and the first locking member 71 is locked in the second steady state when it is located in the second position that prevents the second movement tendency.

[0021] In the aforementioned bistable relay, the housing 1 serves as the overall load-bearing and protective component, housing the electromagnet module, linkage module, and reset module within its internal installation space, thus establishing a defined relative positional relationship between the functional modules. The electromagnet module comprises two independent electromagnet assemblies, serving as the set drive source and reset drive source, respectively. Each electromagnet assembly receives a short-duration (30ms) pulse voltage only during state switching and does not participate in state maintenance after power-off. The linkage module consists of two symmetrically arranged linkage components. Each linkage component uses an armature as the motion input component. The locking element and moving contact move synchronously with the armature; that is, the displacement of the armature is simultaneously transmitted to the locking element to change its locking position and to the moving contact to change its on / off state with the corresponding stationary contact. The reset module also comprises two independent reset components, acting on their respective linkage components to provide a continuous reset driving force. However, this reset driving force does not directly maintain the contact state but rather causes the corresponding locking element to tend to move in a certain direction.

[0022] The core working principle of this bistable relay lies in the purely mechanical interlocking relationship formed between the two locking components. Taking the first stable state as an example, at this time, the first moving contact 511 is disconnected from the first stationary contact 611, and the second moving contact 521 is connected to the second stationary contact 621. The first locking component 71 is in the first position, and the second locking component 72 is in the third position. The force applied by the first reset component to the first linkage component causes the first locking component 71 to have a first tendency to move from the first position to the second position. However, the second locking component 72 forms a mechanical abutment with the first locking component 71 at the third position, directly blocking the displacement of the first locking component 71 along the direction of the first tendency to move, thereby mechanically locking the entire linkage module in the first stable state. At this time, even if the electromagnet module is completely de-energized, since the state maintenance depends on the rigid mechanical abutment between the two locking components, rather than the magnetic force of the permanent magnet or the residual magnetism of the armature, there is no problem of state loss due to demagnetization or residual magnetism decay. When switching from the first steady state to the second steady state is required, the second electromagnet assembly is energized to generate electromagnetic attraction, attracting the second armature 42 and causing it to move the second locking member 72 from the third position to the fourth position. After the second locking member 72 leaves the third position, its mechanical obstruction of the first locking member 71 is released, and the reset driving force of the first reset assembly then drives the first locking member 71 from the first position to the second position, simultaneously causing the first moving contact 511 and the first stationary contact 611 to close. After the first locking member 71 reaches the second position, it then forms a mechanical abutment with the second locking member 72 in the fourth position, preventing the second reset assembly from driving the second locking member 72 to move from the fourth position to the third position, thereby locking the linkage module in the second steady state. After the switching is completed, the second electromagnet assembly can be de-energized, and the state is maintained by the mechanical interlock structure. The process of switching from the second steady state back to the first steady state is symmetrical to the above process. The first electromagnet assembly is energized to drive the first armature 41, releasing the first locking member 71 from blocking the second locking member 72. The second reset assembly drives the second locking member 72 to reset to the third position and block the first movement tendency of the first locking member 71 again.

[0023] Through the aforementioned purely mechanical interlocking structure, this bistable relay maintains its state after power failure by relying on the rigid contact between the two locking components, eliminating the dependence on permanent magnets and residual magnetism in the armature. Since the contact between the locking components is a rigid mechanical fit of surface or line contact, under external vibration or impact conditions, as long as the impact acceleration is insufficient to cause the locking components to displace beyond the contact surface, the state can be stably maintained, exhibiting significantly better vibration resistance than structures relying on residual magnetism. Simultaneously, the electromagnet assembly only needs to be energized at the moment of state switching to overcome interlocking resistance and drive the armature component to move. Once the switching is complete and the mechanical interlock is re-established, the coil can be de-energized. Therefore, the coil energization time is extremely short, effectively reducing coil heat generation and system power consumption. Furthermore, the reset force provided by the reset assembly is only used to drive the locking components to generate a movement tendency and complete the reset action after the obstruction is released. The holding force during the state-holding phase is borne by the mechanical contact between the locking components. The reset assembly does not bear a continuous holding load, therefore the reset elastic element is less prone to fatigue creep, which helps extend the overall service life of the product.

[0024] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first electromagnet assembly and the second electromagnet assembly are located on both sides of the linkage module and are symmetrically arranged facing each other. The first linkage assembly and the second linkage assembly are symmetrically arranged facing each other. The first linkage assembly rotates along the first rotation direction A and the second rotation direction B to give the first locking member 71 a first position and a second position. The second linkage assembly rotates along the first rotation direction A and the second rotation direction B to give the second locking member 72 a third position and a fourth position. The first rotation direction A is opposite to the second rotation direction B.

[0025] In this embodiment, two sets of electromagnet assemblies are arranged facing each other along the lateral sides of the linkage module, that is, the magnetic end faces of the first electromagnet assembly and the second electromagnet assembly are opposite to each other, and their magnetic circuit axes are approximately collinear and in opposite directions, forming a left-right symmetrical layout centered on the linkage module. The first linkage assembly and the second linkage assembly are also mirror-symmetrically arranged with the central longitudinal plane of the linkage module as the plane of symmetry. The first armature 41 and the second armature 42 are located on both sides and swing around an independent rotation axis. The first rotation direction A and the second rotation direction B are two opposite circumferential directions around the same rotation axis, for example, the first rotation direction A is clockwise and the second rotation direction B is counterclockwise. When the first linkage assembly rotates around its rotation axis along the first rotation direction A, the first locking member 71 moves from the second position to the first position; when it rotates along the second rotation direction B, the first locking member 71 moves from the first position to the second position. The rotation direction and position correspondence of the second linkage component are similar. When rotating along the first rotation direction A, the second locking member 72 moves from the fourth position to the third position; when rotating along the second rotation direction B, the second locking member 72 moves from the third position to the fourth position. Since the two sets of linkage components are symmetrically arranged facing each other, when the first linkage component rotates along the first rotation direction A, the second linkage component rotates along the second rotation direction B. Their rotation directions are mirror-image correspondences under the symmetrical layout, causing the two locking members to move towards each other in the central area and form abutting engagement. As an alternative embodiment, those skilled in the art can also arrange the two sets of electromagnet components on the same side of the linkage module and arrange them vertically along the longitudinal direction. Correspondingly, the rotation axes of the two sets of linkage components are set to be parallel to each other and staggered longitudinally. By adjusting the extension direction of the locking members, the two can form a cross-abutting engagement in the central area, thus achieving bidirectional mechanical interlocking.

[0026] This embodiment achieves a force balance structure in space through a symmetrical overall layout of two sets of electromagnet assemblies and linkage assemblies. Specifically, the electromagnetic attraction generated when the first electromagnet assembly attracts the first armature 41 points laterally towards one side of the first electromagnet assembly, and the electromagnetic attraction generated when the second electromagnet assembly attracts the second armature 42 points laterally towards one side of the second electromagnet assembly. Due to their symmetrical orientation, the reaction forces of the two electromagnetic attraction forces on the housing 1 are opposite in direction and equal in magnitude, thus canceling each other out in the installation structure of the housing 1, reducing housing deformation and installation loosening caused by unilateral force. In a specific implementation, the distance between the magnetic end faces of the first and second electromagnet assemblies can be set to match the swing stroke of the first armature 41 and the second armature 42, so that when the first armature 41 is attracted to the first electromagnet assembly, the second armature 42, driven by the second reset assembly, moves to a position where it abuts against the second locking member 72, thereby ensuring that the movements of the two linkage assemblies are sequential in time and corresponding in position during the state switching process.

[0027] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first electromagnet assembly includes a vertically arranged first coil support 21, a positioning coil 211 wound around the first coil support 21, and a U-shaped first iron core 31 with an upward opening. The first iron core 31 includes a first core portion 311 inserted into the first coil support 21, a first abutment portion 312 located between the positioning coil 211 and the first armature 41, and a first connecting portion 313 located below the positioning coil 211 and connecting the first core portion 311 and the first abutment portion 312. The second electromagnet assembly includes a vertically arranged second coil support 22, a reset coil 221 wound around the second coil support 22, and a U-shaped second iron core 32 with an upward opening. The second iron core 32 includes a second core portion 321 inserted into the second coil support 22, a second abutment portion 322 located between the reset coil 221 and the second armature 42, and a second core portion 321 located below the reset coil 221 and connecting the second core portion 321. The second connecting portion 323 of the second abutment portion 322, the first armature 41 includes a vertically arranged first piece 411, when the positioning coil 211 is energized, the first iron core 31 attracts the first armature 41 to rotate the first locking member 71 to the first position and the first piece 411 is in contact with the first abutment portion 312; the second armature 42 includes a vertically arranged third piece 421, when the reset coil 221 is energized, the second iron core 32 attracts the second armature 42 to rotate the second locking member 72 to the fourth position and the third piece 421 is in contact with the second abutment portion 322.

[0028] This embodiment defines the specific magnetic circuit structure of the electromagnet assembly. The first coil support 21 is a vertically arranged hollow frame. The positioning coil 211 is wound in a spiral manner around the outer circumference of the first coil support 21. The two leads of the coil are used to receive the positioning electrical pulse signal. The first iron core 31 adopts an upward-opening U-shaped structure, which is formed by the first core 311, the first connecting part 313 and the first abutment 312 connected in sequence to form a U-shaped profile. The first core 311 is inserted into the hollow cavity of the first coil support 21 from below, serving as the central magnetic pole of the magnetic circuit. The first connecting part 313 is located below the positioning coil 211, connecting the lower end of the first core 311 and the lower end of the first abutment 312 into one piece, forming the bottom loop segment of the magnetic circuit. The first abutment 312 extends upward from the first connecting part 313 and is located between the positioning coil 211 and the first armature 41, serving as the outer magnetic pole of the magnetic circuit. When the setting coil 211 is energized, the magnetic field generated by the coil attracts the first armature 41, causing the first plate 411 to swing toward the first abutment 312 until the two surfaces are in contact. The swinging of the first armature 41 simultaneously drives the first locking member 71 to rotate to the first position. The structure and working principle of the second electromagnet assembly are completely symmetrical with those of the first electromagnet assembly. When the reset coil 221 is energized, the second iron core 32 attracts the second armature 42, causing the third plate 421 to contact the second abutment 322, and simultaneously driving the second locking member 72 to rotate to the fourth position.

[0029] This embodiment employs a magnetic circuit structure with a U-shaped iron core and a vertically oriented armature. Since the first abutment 312 of the U-shaped iron core also serves as the attraction and positioning surface for the armature, the first piece 411 is mechanically limited after it comes into contact with the first abutment 312, eliminating the need for an additional armature travel limiting structure and simplifying the overall structure. Furthermore, the upward-opening design of the U-shaped iron core allows the upper end of the first core 311 to extend from the top of the coil support. This extended portion can also serve as a rotational support structure for the armature (see subsequent embodiments for details), achieving multi-functional reuse of the iron core components and reducing the number of parts. This magnetic circuit structure also ensures that all magnetic flux generated by the coil is closed within the U-shaped iron core, resulting in low magnetic leakage and high electromagnetic energy utilization. At the same coil ampere-turns, a greater electromagnetic attraction can be obtained, allowing for a further reduction in the coil energizing pulse width and lower drive power consumption.

[0030] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first armature 41 further includes a second portion 412 connected to the upper end of the first portion 411 and forming an L-shaped structure, and the second armature 42 further includes a fourth portion 422 connected to the upper end of the third portion 421 and forming an L-shaped structure. The portion of the upper end of the first core 311 that extends through the first coil support 21 forms a first positioning portion, and the portion of the upper end of the second core 321 that extends through the second coil support 22 forms a second positioning portion. The first positioning portion is provided with first rotating slots 3111 on both sides, and the second portion 412 is provided with a first rotating arm 4121 that inserts into the first rotating slots 3111 and forms a rotating engagement with them. The second positioning portion is provided with second rotating slots 3211 on both sides, and the fourth portion 422 is provided with a second rotating arm 4221 that inserts into the second rotating slots 3211 and forms a rotating engagement with them.

[0031] This embodiment provides a detailed definition of the rotational support structure for the armature. The first armature 41 is composed of a first portion 411 and a second portion 412 forming an L-shaped bent structure. The first portion 411 is arranged vertically, serving as a magnetic attraction surface that engages with the first abutment 312 of the first iron core 31. The second portion 412 extends horizontally from the upper end of the first portion 411 toward one side of the first iron core 31, serving as a rotational support arm for the armature. The portion of the upper end of the first core 311 that protrudes from the top surface of the first coil support 21 forms a first positioning portion. This positioning portion is the exposed section at the upper end of the iron core, and its left and right sides are respectively machined with first rotational latches 3111, which are groove-shaped structures recessed along the sides of the positioning portion. The end of the second piece 412 extends downward to form a first rotating locking arm 4121. This locking arm is inserted into the first rotating locking slot 3111, and the outer side of the locking arm and the inner side of the slot form a clearance fit, thereby allowing the first armature 41 to swing with the contact surface between the first rotating locking slot 3111 and the first rotating locking arm 4121 as the fulcrum. Since the slots are located on both sides of the positioning part, the locking arms are inserted into the slots from both sides simultaneously, forming double-sided support, and the armature is less likely to sway laterally during rotation. The L-shaped structure of the second armature 42 (the third piece 421 and the fourth piece 422), the second positioning part, the second rotating locking slot 3211, and the second rotating locking arm 4221 are completely symmetrical to the first side in terms of structure and fit. As an alternative embodiment, those skilled in the art can also provide a cylindrical pivot at the top of the first positioning part, and correspondingly provide a shaft hole at the end of the second piece 412 that fits with the pivot. The fit between the pivot and the shaft hole forms a rotating pair, which can also achieve rotatable support for the armature.

[0032] This embodiment integrates the rotational support structure of the armature directly onto the iron core by engaging the rotating latch on the iron core positioning part with the rotating arm on the L-shaped horizontal arm of the armature, eliminating the need for additional independent pivot or hinge parts. The two side walls of the latch provide lateral restraint to the arm, preventing the armature from shifting left or right during swinging. This integrated rotational support structure also reduces the number of parts and positioning references in the assembly process. After the iron core is installed into the coil bracket, the rotational fulcrum position of the armature is automatically determined, and the assembly accuracy is guaranteed by the machining accuracy of the parts, reducing the requirements for assembly tooling. At the same time, the first locking member 71 and the first moving contact 51 are both connected to the first piece 411 (see subsequent embodiments for details). They swing around the rotational fulcrum together with the first piece 411. The movement trajectories of the locking part of the locking member and the moving contact are both arcs centered on the rotational fulcrum. The movement trajectory is determined and can be accurately calculated, facilitating the design of the contact timing between the locking members and the synchronization of the contact opening and closing.

[0033] Optionally, in some embodiments, the upper end of the first coil support 21 is provided with a first positioning groove 212 adapted to the shape of the second piece 412, and the end of the second piece 412 away from the first piece 411 is inserted into the first positioning groove 212, the first positioning groove 212 restricts the horizontal movement of the second piece 412; the upper end of the second coil support 22 is provided with a second positioning groove 222 adapted to the shape of the fourth piece 422, and the end of the fourth piece 422 away from the third piece 421 is inserted into the second positioning groove 222, the second positioning groove 222 restricts the horizontal movement of the fourth piece 422.

[0034] In this embodiment, a positioning groove structure for the horizontal arm end of the armature is added to the upper end of the coil support. A first positioning groove 212 is formed on the upper surface of the first coil support 21. The cross-sectional shape of the groove matches the cross-sectional shape of the second piece 412, i.e., the width of the groove is slightly greater than the thickness of the second piece 412. The end of the second piece 412 furthest from the first piece 411 (i.e., near the end where the first rotating clamp arm 4121 is located) is inserted into the first positioning groove 212. The left and right inner sidewalls of the positioning groove form a clearance fit with the left and right sidewalls of the second piece 412, thereby restricting the displacement of the second piece 412 in the horizontal direction (the transverse direction perpendicular to the length direction of the second piece 412). The upper opening of the first positioning groove 212 is open to avoid obstructing the second piece 412 from swinging around the pivot point along with the first armature 41. The matching relationship between the second positioning groove 222 and the fourth piece 422 is similar.

[0035] In this embodiment, the positioning groove at the upper end of the coil bracket provides lateral restraint to the end of the horizontal arm of the armature, forming a dual support and positioning system with the rotating jaw on the core positioning part. In a specific implementation, the first rotating jaw 3111 provides the main rotation fulcrum and initial lateral restraint to the first rotating arm 4121, and the first positioning groove 212 provides auxiliary lateral restraint to the distal end of the second piece 412. The two restraint points are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the second piece 412, forming a two-point positioning structure. The two-point positioning can effectively suppress the torsional vibration and lateral oscillation that may occur during the swinging of the first armature 41. Especially when the impact load is large at the moment of electromagnetic attraction, the support of the positioning groove at the distal end can significantly reduce the lateral elastic deformation of the armature, ensuring the surface contact accuracy when the first piece 411 and the first abutment 312 are in contact, and avoiding problems such as poor local contact of the magnetic attraction surface and reduced electromagnetic attraction caused by the skew of the armature. Furthermore, the cooperation between the first positioning groove 212 and the second piece 412 also serves as an assembly guide. When assembling the first armature 41 onto the first iron core 31, the end of the second piece 412 is first aligned with the first positioning groove 212 and inserted, and then the first rotating locking arm 4121 is engaged with the first rotating locking slot 3111. The guiding function of the positioning groove makes the alignment of the locking arm and the locking slot more convenient and improves assembly efficiency. This positioning groove structure is directly formed on the coil support without the need for additional parts. It is formed together during the injection molding of the coil support, resulting in low manufacturing cost and reliable structural strength.

[0036] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first reset assembly includes a first tension spring 81, with both ends of the first tension spring 81 fixedly connected to the upper end of the first locking member 71 and the position of the first positioning part above the first rotating bayonet 3111, respectively. The second reset assembly includes a second tension spring 82, with both ends of the second tension spring 82 fixedly connected to the upper end of the second locking member 72 and the position of the second positioning part above the second rotating bayonet 3211, respectively. When the linkage module is in the first stable state and the second stable state, both the first tension spring 81 and the second tension spring 82 are in a stretched state. The lower end of the first locking member 71 and the second locking member 72 are bent towards each other to form the first locking part 711 and the second locking part 721, respectively. When the linkage module switches from the second stable state to the first stable state, the first electromagnet assembly attracts the first armature 41 to rotate the first locking member 71 from the second position to the first position. The reset force of the second tension spring 82 causes the second locking member 72 to... From the fourth position to the third position; when the linkage module switches from the first steady state to the second steady state, the second electromagnet assembly attracts the second armature 42, causing the second locking member 72 to rotate from the third position to the fourth position, and the restoring force of the first tension spring 81 causes the first locking member 71 to rotate from the first position to the second position. When the linkage module is in the first steady state, the first tension spring 81 has a pulling force on the first locking member 71 to drive it to rotate around the first rotation slot 3111 in the first rotation direction A, and the second locking part 721 abuts against the top of the first locking part 711 to prevent it from rotating in the first rotation direction A; when the linkage module is in the second steady state, the second tension spring 82 has a pulling force on the second locking member 72 to drive it to rotate around the second rotation slot 3211 in the second rotation direction B, and the first locking part 711 abuts against the top of the second locking part 721 to prevent it from rotating in the second rotation direction B.

[0037] This embodiment provides detailed specifications for the specific structure of the reset assembly, the locking part structure of the locking member, and the complete state switching mechanical process. The first tension spring 81 is a helical tension spring, with one end attached to the upper end of the first locking member 71 and the other end attached to the first positioning part, with the attachment point located above the first rotating latch 3111. Since the upper attachment point of the first tension spring 81 is located above the rotation fulcrum (first rotating latch 3111), and the lower attachment point is located below and to the side of the upper end of the first locking member 71, i.e., below the rotation fulcrum, the tension generated by the first tension spring 81 after being stretched forms a rotational torque around the first rotating latch 3111 on the first locking member 71. The direction of this torque is the first rotation direction A. The lower end of the first locking member 71 bends towards the second locking member 72 to form a first locking part 711, which is a horizontally extending cantilevered boss with its upper surface serving as a mating surface. The lower end of the second locking member 72 is bent toward the first locking member 71 to form a second locking part 721, and its structure is symmetrical with that of the first locking part 711.

[0038] In the first steady state, the first locking member 71 is located in the first position, and the tension of the first tension spring 81 drives the first locking member 71 to rotate in the first rotation direction A, so that the first locking part 711 has an upward lifting tendency; the second locking member 72 is located in the third position, and the second locking part 721 is exactly above the first locking part 711. The lower end face of the second locking part 721 abuts against the upper end face of the first locking part 711, directly preventing the first locking part 711 from lifting upward, thereby locking the first locking member 71 in the first position. At this time, the second tension spring 82 is also in a stretched state, and its tension drives the second locking member 72 to rotate in the second rotation direction B. However, when the second locking member 72 is in the third position, its movement is constrained by the structure on the side of the first locking member 71 (the first locking part 711 is located below the second locking part 721. When the second locking member 72 rotates in the second rotation direction B, the second locking part 721 will press down on the first locking part 711, while the first locking part 711 is pushed upward by the first tension spring 81, and the two form a force balance). Therefore, the second locking member 72 is also stabilized in the third position.

[0039] When switching from the first steady state to the second steady state, a momentary pulse voltage is applied to the reset coil 221. The second iron core 32 attracts the second armature 42, which in turn drives the second locking member 72 to rotate from the third position to the fourth position along the first rotation direction A (opposite to the driving direction of the second tension spring) against the tension of the second tension spring 82. After the second locking member 72 rotates to the fourth position, the second locking part 721 moves away from above the first locking part 711, and the obstruction to the first locking part 711 is released. The tension of the first tension spring 81 then drives the first locking member 71 to rotate from the first position to the second position along the first rotation direction A, and the first locking part 711 is lifted and moved above the second locking part 721. After the first locking member 71 reaches the second position, the lower end face of the first locking part 711 abuts against the upper end face of the second locking part 721, preventing the second tension spring 82 from driving the second locking member 72 to rotate from the fourth position back to the third position along the second rotation direction B, thereby locking the linkage module in the second stable state. After the switching is completed, the reset coil 221 is de-energized, and the state is maintained by the mechanical abutment between the first locking part 711 and the second locking part 721. The process of switching from the second stable state back to the first stable state is symmetrical to the above. The instantaneous pulse voltage is applied to the setting coil 211 to drive the first armature 41 to drive the first locking member 71 to rotate from the second position back to the first position, releasing the obstruction of the first locking part 711 to the second locking part 721. The second tension spring 82 drives the second locking member 72 to rotate from the fourth position back to the third position, and the second locking part 721 abuts against the first locking part 711 again to complete the locking. As an alternative embodiment, those skilled in the art can also replace the tension spring with a torsion spring, and fit the torsion spring on the rotation fulcrum at the first rotation slot 3111. One end of the torsion spring abuts against the first locking member 71 and the other end abuts against the first positioning part. The torsional elastic force of the torsion spring drives the first locking member 71 to generate a rotational tendency, which can also achieve the reset drive function.

[0040] This embodiment achieves a complete mechanical closed loop of pure mechanical interlocking through the specific structure of the tension spring and the bending locking part. In the specific implementation, the first tension spring 81 and the second tension spring 82 are both in a stretched state in both steady states, ensuring that the tension spring always applies a continuous reset tension to the locking element and there will be no dead point position with zero tension. The upper end of the first tension spring 81 is located above the first rotating latch 3111, so that the line of action of the tension spring is always above the rotation fulcrum. The direction of the torque formed by the tension on the rotation fulcrum is constant in the first rotation direction A, and the torque direction will not be reversed due to the change of the locking element position, thus ensuring the directional stability of the reset driving force. Both the first locking part 711 and the second locking part 721 are horizontal bosses formed by bending their lower ends towards each other. Their mating surfaces are horizontal, allowing the blocking force of one locking part to be transmitted vertically. Since the rotational tendency of the locking element results in a vertical displacement at the locking part, the blocking force is completely opposite to the direction of the movement tendency, maximizing blocking efficiency and preventing the generation of a lateral component force that could cause the locking element to slip off. During state switching, the electromagnet assembly only needs to drive the corresponding locking element to overcome the tension of the spring and rotate a small angle to release the interlock. Subsequently, the other spring automatically completes the reset action. Therefore, the work done by the electromagnet only accounts for a portion of the entire switching process; the other portion is completed by the release of the elastic potential energy of the spring, further reducing coil energy consumption. Simultaneously, since both springs are in a stretched state in steady state but do not bear the holding force (the holding force is borne by the horizontal abutment between the locking parts), the spring load is static tension with a low stress level. This makes them less prone to fatigue fracture or elastic decay during long-term use, which is beneficial for improving the service life and reliability of the reset assembly.

[0041] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first linkage component further includes a first linkage block 91 and at least one first movable contact piece 51, with the first movable contact 511 fixed on the first movable contact piece 51. The second linkage component further includes a second linkage block 92 and at least one second movable contact piece 52, with the second movable contact 521 fixed on the second movable contact piece 52. The first linkage block 91 is fixedly connected to the first piece 411 and the first movable contact piece 51, and the second linkage block 92 is fixedly connected to the third piece 421 and the second movable contact piece 52.

[0042] This embodiment defines the motion transmission structure between the armature and the moving contact in the linkage assembly. The first linkage block 91 is a block-shaped component, serving as an intermediate connecting body between the first armature 41 and the first moving contact 51. One side of the block is fixedly connected to the first plate portion 411, and the other side is fixedly connected to the first moving contact 51, thereby synchronously transmitting the swinging motion of the first armature 41 to the first moving contact 51. The first moving contact 51 is a conductive elastic sheet. The first moving contact 511 is fixed to the free end of the first moving contact 51 by riveting or welding, and moves together with the first moving contact 51. The number of first moving contacts 51 can be one, or multiple contacts can be arranged in parallel to increase the current carrying capacity. In this embodiment, two contacts are specifically provided and arranged on both sides of the first armature 41. When the first armature 41 swings under electromagnetic attraction, the first linkage block 91 swings together with the first piece 411, causing the first moving contact piece 51 to move accordingly, making the first moving contact 511 move closer to or further away from the first stationary contact 611, thus closing or opening the contact. The structure and connection relationship of the second linkage block 92, the second moving contact piece 52, and the second moving contact 521 are symmetrical to the first side.

[0043] This embodiment uses a linkage block as an intermediate connection between the armature and the moving contact, achieving electrical isolation and synchronous motion transmission between the magnetic circuit and the contact part. In a specific implementation, the first linkage block 91 is injection molded from insulating engineering plastic (such as PBT, PET, etc.). It has a first groove adapted to the shape of the first piece 411 and a second groove adapted to the shape of the first moving contact 51. The first piece 411 and the first moving contact 51 are respectively embedded in their corresponding grooves and fastened together by rivets (see subsequent embodiments). The insulating linkage block completely isolates the magnetic armature (conductive and magnetic) from the conductive moving contact, preventing electrical connection between the magnetic circuit and the contact circuit, and preventing large currents from the contact circuit from entering the coil magnetic circuit and causing coil damage or control circuit malfunction. Meanwhile, the linkage block, acting as a rigid connector, precisely transmits the swing of the first piece 411 to the first moving contact 51. During this transmission, there is no elastic deformation or motion lag, ensuring strict synchronization between the movement of the first moving contact 511 and the first locking element 71. This ensures precise timing correspondence between the contact opening / closing action and the interlocking action of the locking element. Furthermore, the linkage block can be configured with multiple moving contact mounting positions as needed, enabling synchronous switching of multiple sets of contacts to meet the control requirements of different load circuits. The first moving contact 51 itself possesses a certain degree of elasticity; when the contact is closed, its elastic deformation provides contact overtravel and contact pressure, ensuring reliable contact between the moving and stationary contacts and reducing contact resistance.

[0044] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first linkage block 91, the first piece 411, and the first locking member 71 are riveted together by a first rivet 911 passing through them, and the second linkage block 92, the third piece 421, and the second locking member 72 are riveted together by a second rivet 921 passing through them.

[0045] This embodiment defines the connection method between the linkage block, the armature plate, and the locking member. The first rivet 911 is a metal cylindrical pin that passes sequentially through the coaxial through holes corresponding to the first linkage block 91, the first plate 411, and the first locking member 71. Then, the two ends of the rivet are upset to form rivet heads with a diameter larger than the through holes, thereby fastening the three parts together along the axial direction of the rivet, with no relative movement between them. The axial direction of the first rivet 911 is perpendicular to the swing plane of the first armature 41, so that the riveted first linkage block 91, the first plate 411, and the first locking member 71 form a rigid swinging body that swings together around the first rotating jaw 3111. The structure and connection method of the second rivet 921 are symmetrical to the first side. As an alternative embodiment, those skilled in the art can also use screws and nuts to replace the rivets, insert the three parts and lock them with screws and nuts, or use laser welding to weld the first piece 411 and the first locking member 71 into one piece and then bond it to the first linkage block 91, which can also achieve a fixed connection of the three parts.

[0046] This embodiment uses a through-type rivet to fasten the linkage block, armature plate, and locking element into a single unit, resulting in a compact connection structure and excellent vibration resistance. In a specific implementation, the first rivet 911 passes through the three parts and has upset heads at both ends. Washers are provided between the rivet heads and the surface of the parts to distribute the riveting pressure and prevent the insulating material of the first linkage block 91 from cracking or deforming under the riveting pressure. The riveting connection is a non-removable permanent connection. During the long-term operation of the relay, even under frequent electromagnetic attraction impacts and external vibrations, the three parts will not loosen or shift relative to each other, ensuring that the movement of the first locking element 71 and the first moving contact piece 51 is always strictly synchronized, avoiding locking position deviation and poor contact due to loose connection. At the same time, a single rivet connects three parts simultaneously, which reduces the number of connecting parts and assembly steps compared to using multiple connecting parts separately, thus reducing manufacturing costs. The axis of the first rivet 911 is perpendicular to the swing plane, so that the rivet itself does not bear bending load, but only bears the shear force and axial clamping force between the three parts. The stress state is reasonable and the connection reliability is high. In addition, the metal material of the rivet can form an equipotential connection between the first piece 411 and the first locking member 71, which helps to equalize the potential between the two metal parts and reduce static electricity accumulation.

[0047] Optionally, in some embodiments, the housing 1 includes an upper shell 11 and a lower fixing seat 12. The lower opening of the upper shell 11 is opposite to and connected to the lower fixing seat 12 to form a mounting cavity. The electromagnet module, linkage module, and reset module are located in the mounting cavity, and the electromagnet module and linkage module are plugged into and connected to the lower fixing seat 12.

[0048] This embodiment defines the structure of the relay housing and the assembly method of the internal modules with the housing. The housing 1 adopts a split structure, with the upper housing 11 being a cover-like component with an open bottom, and the lower fixing base 12 being a plate-like or shallow disc-like base component. The lower edge of the upper housing 11 mates with the upper surface edge of the lower fixing base 12, and the two are connected as one unit by snap-fit, screws, or adhesive, forming a closed mounting cavity. The electromagnet module, linkage module, and reset module are all housed in this mounting cavity and protected by the housing 1 from external dust, moisture, and mechanical damage. The upper surface of the lower fixing base 12 is provided with a plug-in structure (such as a positioning post, slot, etc.) adapted to the shape of the bottom of the electromagnet module. The bottom of the electromagnet module is plugged into the lower fixing base 12 to form a plug-in positioning connection; the linkage module is also plugged into the lower fixing base 12 through its bottom or side positioning structure. The plug-in connection method allows each module to be positioned simply by aligning and inserting it during assembly, eliminating the need for additional fasteners. Assembly is convenient, and the positioning accuracy is guaranteed by the fitting precision of the plug-in structure. As an alternative embodiment, those skilled in the art can also design the housing as a left-right split structure, with the left and right shells fitting together to form a mounting cavity. The lower fixing base is integrally formed with the left or right shell, and the connection method between each module and the housing is adjusted accordingly to side wall slot positioning, which can also achieve module fixation and protection.

[0049] This embodiment employs a split upper and lower housing and plug-in assembly structure, enabling rapid assembly and reliable positioning of the relay's functional modules. In a specific implementation, the upper surface of the lower fixing base 12 is provided with a first slot and a second slot corresponding to the bottom of the first coil support 21 and the bottom of the second coil support 22, respectively. The inner wall shape of the slot matches the outer contour of the bottom of the coil support. After the first coil support 21 and the second coil support 22 are inserted into their corresponding slots from above, their horizontal displacement is limited. Simultaneously, the bottom surface of the slot supports the bottom of the coil support, limiting its vertical displacement. This split plug-in structure allows for automated assembly line operation of the relay. Each module is pre-assembled into sub-assemblies and then sequentially inserted into the lower fixing base 12. Finally, the upper housing 11 is snapped shut to complete the assembly of the entire machine, resulting in high production efficiency and good product consistency.

[0050] The above description discloses only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanically interlocked bistable relay, characterized in that: The system includes a housing (1), an electromagnet module, a linkage module, and a reset module. The electromagnet module includes a first electromagnet assembly and a second electromagnet assembly. The linkage module includes a first linkage component that cooperates with the first electromagnet assembly and a second linkage component that cooperates with the second electromagnet assembly. The reset module includes a first reset component that cooperates with the first linkage component and a second reset component that cooperates with the second linkage component. The first linkage component includes a first armature (41), a first locking element (71), and a first moving contact (511). The first locking element (71) and the first moving contact (511) are both linked to the first armature (41). The second linkage component includes a second armature (42), a second locking element (72), and a second moving contact (521). The second locking element (72) and the second moving contact (521) are both linked to the second armature (42). It also includes a first stationary contact (611) opposite to the position of the first moving contact (511) and a second stationary contact (621) opposite to the position of the second moving contact (521). The linkage module has a first stable state in which the first moving contact (511) is disconnected from the first stationary contact (611), the second moving contact (521) is connected to the second stationary contact (621), the first locking element (71) is in a first position, and the second locking element (72) is in a third position; and a second stable state in which the first moving contact (511) is connected to the first stationary contact (611), the second moving contact (521) is disconnected from the second stationary contact (621), the first locking element (71) is in a second position, and the second locking element (72) is in a fourth position. When the first electromagnet assembly is energized, it attracts the first armature (41), causing the linkage module to switch to the first stable state. When the second electromagnet assembly is energized, it attracts the second armature (42), causing the linkage module to switch to the second stable state. When the linkage module is in the first stable state, the force exerted by the first reset component on the first linkage component causes the first locking member (71) to have a first movement tendency to switch from the first position to the second position, and the second locking member (72) is located in the third position to prevent the first movement tendency, thus locking the linkage module in the first stable state; when the linkage module is in the second stable state, the force exerted by the second reset component on the second linkage component causes the second locking member (72) to have a second movement tendency to switch from the fourth position to the third position, and the first locking member (71) is located in the second position to prevent the second movement tendency, thus locking the linkage module in the second stable state.

2. The mechanically interlocked bistable relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electromagnet assembly and the second electromagnet assembly are located on both sides of the linkage module and are symmetrically arranged facing each other. The first linkage assembly and the second linkage assembly are also symmetrically arranged facing each other. The first linkage component rotates along the first rotation direction A and the second rotation direction B to give the first locking member (71) a first position and a second position, and the second linkage component rotates along the first rotation direction A and the second rotation direction B to give the second locking member (72) a third position and a fourth position, wherein the first rotation direction A is opposite to the second rotation direction B.

3. A mechanically interlocked bistable relay according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first electromagnet assembly includes a vertically arranged first coil support (21), a positioning coil (211) wound around the first coil support (21), and a first iron core (31) with an upward opening. The first iron core (31) includes a first core portion (311) inserted into the first coil bracket (21), a first abutment portion (312) located between the positioning coil (211) and the first armature (41), and a first connecting portion (313) located below the positioning coil (211) and connecting the first core portion (311) and the first abutment portion (312). The second electromagnet assembly includes a vertically arranged second coil support (22), a reset coil (221) wound around the second coil support (22), and a U-shaped second iron core (32) with an upward opening. The second iron core (32) includes a second core portion (321) inserted into the second coil support (22), a second abutment portion (322) located between the reset coil (221) and the second armature (42), and a second connecting portion (323) located below the reset coil (221) and connecting the second core portion (321) and the second abutment portion (322). The first armature (41) includes a vertically arranged first piece (411). When the positioning coil (211) is energized, the first iron core (31) attracts the first armature (41) to make the first locking member (71) rotate to the first position and the first piece (411) fits against the first abutment (312). The second armature (42) includes a vertically arranged third piece (421). When the reset coil (221) is energized, the second iron core (32) attracts the second armature (42) to make the second locking member (72) rotate to the fourth position so that the third piece (421) fits against the second abutment (322).

4. A mechanically interlocked bistable relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first armature (41) further includes a second part (412) connected to the upper end of the first part (411) and forming an L-shaped structure. The second armature (42) further includes a fourth part (422) connected to the upper end of the third part (421) and forming an L-shaped structure. The portion of the upper end of the first core (311) that extends through the first coil support (21) forms a first positioning part, and the portion of the upper end of the second core (321) that extends through the second coil support (22) forms a second positioning part. The first positioning part is provided with a first rotating slot (3111) on both sides, and the second piece (412) is provided with a first rotating arm (4121) that is inserted into the first rotating slot (3111) and rotates therewith. The second positioning part is provided with a second rotating slot (3211) on both sides, and the fourth piece (422) is provided with a second rotating arm (4221) that is inserted into the second rotating slot (3211) and rotates therewith.

5. A mechanically interlocked bistable relay according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the first coil bracket (21) is provided with a first positioning groove (212) that is adapted to the shape of the second piece (412). The end of the second piece (412) away from the first piece (411) is inserted into the first positioning groove (212). The first positioning groove (212) restricts the horizontal movement of the second piece (412). The upper end of the second coil bracket (22) is provided with a second positioning groove (222) that is adapted to the shape of the fourth piece (422). The end of the fourth piece (422) away from the third piece (421) is inserted into the second positioning groove (222), and the second positioning groove (222) restricts the horizontal movement of the fourth piece (422).

6. A mechanically interlocked bistable relay according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first reset assembly includes a first tension spring (81), the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the upper end of the first locking member (71) and the position of the first positioning part above the first rotating jaw (3111), respectively. The second reset assembly includes a second tension spring (82), the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the upper end of the second locking member (72) and the position of the second positioning part above the second rotating jaw (3211), respectively. When the linkage module is in the first stable state and the second stable state, both the first tension spring (81) and the second tension spring (82) are in a stretched state. The lower end of the first locking member (71) and the second locking member (72) are bent toward each other to form the first locking part (711) and the second locking part (721), respectively. When the linkage module switches from the second steady state to the first steady state, the first electromagnet assembly attracts the first armature (41), causing the first locking member (71) to rotate from the second position to the first position, and the restoring force of the second tension spring (82) causes the second locking member (72) to rotate from the fourth position to the third position; when the linkage module switches from the first steady state to the second steady state, the second electromagnet assembly attracts the second armature (42), causing the second locking member (72) to rotate from the third position to the fourth position, and the restoring force of the first tension spring (81) causes the first locking member (71) to rotate from the first position to the second position. When the linkage module is in the first steady state, the first tension spring (81) has a pulling force on the first locking member (71) to drive it to rotate around the first rotation slot (3111) in the first rotation direction A, and the second locking part (721) abuts against the top of the first locking part (711) to prevent it from rotating in the first rotation direction A; when the linkage module is in the second steady state, the second tension spring (82) has a pulling force on the second locking member (72) to drive it to rotate around the second rotation slot (3211) in the second rotation direction B, and the first locking part (711) abuts against the top of the second locking part (721) to prevent it from rotating in the second rotation direction B.

7. A mechanically interlocked bistable relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first linkage component further includes a first linkage block (91) and at least one first movable contact piece (51), with the first movable contact (511) fixed on the first movable contact piece (51). The second linkage component further includes a second linkage block (92) and at least one second movable contact piece (52), with the second movable contact (521) fixed on the second movable contact piece (52). The first linkage block (91) is fixedly connected to the first piece (411) and the first movable contact piece (51), and the second linkage block (92) is fixedly connected to the third piece (421) and the second movable contact piece (52).

8. A mechanically interlocked bistable relay according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first linkage block (91), the first piece (411), and the first locking member (71) are riveted together by the first rivet (911) passing through the three, and the second linkage block (92), the third piece (421), and the second locking member (72) are riveted together by the second rivet (921) passing through the three.

9. A mechanically interlocked bistable relay according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The housing (1) includes an upper shell (11) and a lower fixed seat (12). The lower opening of the upper shell (11) is opposite to and connected to the lower fixed seat (12) to form an installation cavity. The electromagnet module, linkage module, and reset module are located in the installation cavity. The electromagnet module, linkage module, and lower fixed seat (12) are plugged into each other.

Images