Mechanical holding and anti-vibration mechanism, relay / contact, energy saving safety relay / contact

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of mechanical holding and anti-vibration mechanism and the energy-saving safety relay or contactor using the mechanism.The mechanism includes the first movement component along the first axis movement and the second movement component along the second axis movement, two axis perpendicular to each other;Second movement component is in blocking position and is bidirectional interlock with the first movement component, contact point is closed and the breaking state is achieved mechanical holding, and the holding force is provided by the geometric cooperation of non-elastic mechanical structure.The relay or contactor also includes airtight arc-extinguishing cavity and metal elastic component, and the sealed transmission is realized by the elastic deformation of metal elastic component;When power off, the contact is broken to realize automatic reset by the energized output trip pulse drive of energy storage capacitor, and the contact sticking detection is realized by capacitive position detection.The present application realizes zero power consumption holding, two-way occlusion anti-vibration, high-pressure airtight sealing and power-off self-resetting safety linkage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of relay and contactor technology, specifically to a mechanical holding relay (contaminant), and more particularly to a mechanical holding high-voltage DC relay (contaminant) that combines vibration resistance, high-voltage sealing arc extinguishing capability, and automatic reset function after power failure. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, energy storage, and DC charging infrastructure, high-voltage DC relays / contactors, as key switching and protection devices in the battery main circuit, pre-charge circuit, and DC output circuit, directly affect the system's safety, energy consumption, and lifespan due to their holding method, power consumption level, and reliability. These devices face three core technological challenges: first, the holding method of the contact state (determining power consumption, heat generation, and lifespan); second, arc extinguishing and sealing capabilities (determining the reliability of high-voltage DC interruption); and third, power failure safety (determining whether the device can automatically return to the interrupted state after an abnormal power outage). Existing technologies have developed corresponding solutions in each of these three aspects, but all have inherent limitations and have not yet formed an effective combination.

[0003] In terms of holding methods, existing high-voltage DC relays / contactors mainly adopt two schemes: electrical holding (monostable electromagnetic type) and magnetic holding (bistable permanent magnet type). The contact closure of the electrical holding scheme relies on continuous coil energization. Even with energy-saving measures such as power reduction after engagement, the holding power consumption is still in the range of several watts. Long-term energization leads to continuous energy loss and coil heating, accelerating insulation aging and limiting service life. Furthermore, the reduced voltage holding causes a synchronous decrease in electromagnetic attraction, further reducing contact holding force and vibration resistance margin, making contact chattering and even accidental disconnection more likely under continuous vibration conditions such as vehicle operation. The magnetic holding scheme uses permanent magnet attraction to maintain the contact state, with no energization during the holding phase. However, its application in high-voltage DC fields faces significant difficulties: the coupling design of the permanent magnet circuit with the arc-extinguishing magnetic field and armature stroke is complex; the permanent magnet is at risk of demagnetization at high temperatures; and it may accidentally flip under strong vibration. Moreover, after power loss, the magnetic holding maintains the state unchanged (bistable memory characteristic), failing to meet the requirement of self-reset upon power failure. The mechanical holding (bistable pure mechanical) scheme theoretically combines zero power consumption and optimal vibration resistance, but due to the integration problem between the mechanical locking / unlocking mechanism and the bellows transmission component outside the sealed arc extinguishing chamber, it has not yet entered the field of high voltage DC relays. Moreover, as a bistable scheme, it also cannot automatically disconnect after power failure.

[0004] In terms of arc extinguishing and sealing, existing high-voltage DC relays generally adopt a sealed arc-extinguishing chamber structure: the arc-extinguishing chamber is made of a ceramic or epoxy shell, filled with arc-extinguishing gas, and the moving contact achieves dynamic sealing and transmits the opening and closing motion through a metal bellows. Both bellows sealing and ceramic gas-filled arc-extinguishing chambers are maturely applied in electric and magnetic holding products, but they only solve the problems of arc extinguishing and contact environmental protection, and do not involve the selection of holding method; they belong to the infrastructure of high-voltage relays.

[0005] Regarding power failure safety, relevant national standards impose strict requirements on the main circuit contactor of charging facilities: NB / T33001-2018 "Technical Conditions for Off-board Conductive Chargers for Electric Vehicles" stipulates that during charging, when the charger starts and stops suddenly, the protective grounding wire is disconnected, or the connection detection signal line is disconnected, the charger should be able to disconnect the DC output within 100ms. This means that the main circuit contactor must automatically disconnect after power failure—electrical holding schemes naturally meet this requirement, while magnetic holding and mechanical holding are both bistable schemes, maintaining their original state after power failure and cannot be directly applied. To make the bistable scheme meet the power failure safety requirements, an energy storage capacitor can be added to the control circuit as a backup power source after power failure, driving the control circuit to send a reset pulse to unlock the holding mechanism. While energy storage capacitors as backup power sources are a known technology in the field of electronic circuits, there is still no mature solution for how they coordinate with mechanical holding mechanisms to achieve reliable unlocking triggering and orderly reset after power failure. In addition, when a high-voltage DC relay disconnects under load, arc welding may occur between the contacts, causing them to stick together. Existing solutions cannot confirm whether the contacts have truly separated after the power is cut off and the disconnection is triggered, which poses a safety hazard of undetected sticking and subsequent equipment remaining energized.

[0006] In summary, existing technologies face a dilemma: electric holding satisfies power failure safety and can be integrated with a sealed arc-extinguishing chamber, but it has high power consumption, heat generation affecting lifespan, and poor vibration resistance; magnetic holding has zero power consumption and can be integrated with a sealed arc-extinguishing chamber, but it does not self-reset after power failure and has insufficient vibration resistance reliability in high-voltage fields; mechanical holding has zero power consumption and optimal vibration resistance, but it cannot be achieved in a high-voltage sealed arc-extinguishing environment, and it also does not self-reset after power failure; energy storage capacitors can solve the problem of power failure self-reset, but it requires a reliable holding mechanism as a foundation. If the holding mechanism itself is not vibration-resistant enough or cannot enter a high-voltage environment, the energy storage capacitor cannot be used. The existing solutions of the three technical dimensions cannot be directly combined, which means that high-voltage DC relays / contactors can never simultaneously achieve the four key indicators of zero power consumption holding, strong vibration resistance, high-voltage sealed arc-extinguishing, and power failure self-reset. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the aforementioned dilemmas, the purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanically interlocked vibration-damping mechanical holding mechanical relay (contactor), and in particular, a mechanically holding high-voltage DC relay (contactor). By organically combining the three technical features of mechanical holding with vibration-damping interlocking mechanism, bellows-sealed arc-extinguishing transmission structure, and energy storage capacitor backup control circuit, the mechanical holding solution can be reliably implemented for the first time in a high-voltage sealed arc-extinguishing environment, and has an automatic reset function after power failure. At the same time, it meets the four key requirements of zero power consumption holding, strong vibration resistance, high-voltage sealed arc extinguishing, and power failure self-reset.

[0008] To achieve this objective, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a mechanical holding and vibration damping mechanism for use in a relay or contactor, comprising a first moving part and a second moving part, the first moving part being configured to perform a linear reciprocating motion along a first axis, and the second moving part being configured to perform a linear reciprocating motion along a second axis, wherein the first axis and the second axis are perpendicular to each other; The first moving part has a disconnected position and a first closed position on its movement path. When the first moving part is in the disconnected position, the moving contact and the stationary contact of the relay or contactor are electrically disconnected; when the first moving part is in the first closed position, the moving contact and the stationary contact are electrically connected. The second moving part has a release position and a blocking position; When the second moving part is in the disengaged position, it does not obstruct the movement of the first moving part along the first axis; When the second moving part is in the blocking position and the first moving part is in the disconnected position, the second moving part prevents the first moving part from moving from the disconnected position to the first closed position, so as to mechanically maintain the electrically disconnected state of the moving contact and the stationary contact. When the first moving part is in the first closed position, the second moving part prevents the first moving part from moving from the first closed position to the disconnected position, so as to mechanically maintain the electrically connected state of the moving contact and the stationary contact.

[0010] Furthermore, the first moving component also has a second closed position on its movement path, the second closed position being located on the side of the first closed position away from the break position; When the first moving part is in the first closed position and the second moving part is in the blocking position, the second moving part prevents the first moving part from moving from the first closed position to the open position, and the first moving part also prevents the second moving part from moving from the blocking position to the release position, thus forming an interlocking state of mutual engagement. When the first moving part moves to the second closed position, the first moving part releases its obstruction of the second moving part, and the second moving part can move back and forth between the obstructed position and the release position.

[0011] Furthermore, the first moving component is rod-shaped, and a first blocking arm and a second blocking arm are provided radially on the first moving component; The first blocking arm is configured to prevent the first moving part from reciprocating between the first closed position and the open position in the direction of the first axis when the second moving part is in the blocking position. The second blocking arm is configured to block the second moving part from moving from the blocking position to the disengaged position in the direction of the second axis when the first moving part is in the first closed position and the second moving part is in the blocking position, thereby forming a mutually engaged state.

[0012] Furthermore, the second moving component is plate-shaped, and the second moving component has a slot extending along the first axis, through which the first moving component passes; The edge of the slot is provided with a first stop and a second stop; The first stop is configured to abut against the first stop arm in the first axial direction when the second moving part is in the blocking position, thereby preventing the first moving part from reciprocating between the first closed position and the open position. The second stop is configured to: when the first moving part is in the first closed position and the second moving part is in the blocking position, abut against the second blocking arm in the second axis direction to prevent the second moving part from moving from the blocking position to the tripping position; When the first moving component moves to the second closed position along the first axis, the second blocking arm avoids the second stop, and the second moving component can move from the blocking position to the tripping position. When the second moving part is in the disengaged position, both the first stop and the second stop avoid the movement paths of the first and second blocking arms, and the first moving part can reciprocate between the disengaged position and the second closed position.

[0013] Furthermore, the slot includes a first slot, a second slot, and a third slot; along a direction parallel to the second axis, the second slot, the second stop portion, and the third slot are arranged sequentially, with the second stop portion located between the second slot and the third slot; When the second moving component is in the disengaged position, the first blocking arm can pass through the first slot without obstruction along the first axis, and the second blocking arm can pass through the third slot without obstruction along the first axis. When the second moving component is in the blocking position and the first moving component is in the first closed position, the second blocking arm is located in the second slot, and the second blocking arm blocks the second stop portion so that the second moving component cannot move from the blocking position to the tripping position; When the second moving component is in the blocking position and the first moving component is in the second closed position or the open position, the second blocking arm disengages from the second slot, and the second blocking arm does not block the second stop portion, allowing the second moving component to move from the blocking position to the tripping position.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a relay or contactor, including the above-mentioned mechanical holding and anti-vibration mechanism, a moving contact and a stationary contact; the moving contact and the stationary contact are arranged opposite to each other; a first moving component is linked with the moving contact, and when the first moving component moves along a first axis, it drives the moving contact to contact or separate from the stationary contact.

[0015] Furthermore, the relay or contactor is a high-voltage relay or high-voltage contactor; it also includes an airtight arc-extinguishing cavity and a metal elastic component; both the moving contact and the stationary contact are disposed within the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity; the cavity wall of the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity is provided with a through opening, one end of the metal elastic component is airtightly fixedly connected to the edge of the through opening, and the other end is airtightly fixedly connected to the first moving component; the metal elastic component can elastically expand and contract along the first axis as the first moving component moves, so that the first moving component drives the moving contact while maintaining the airtightness of the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a control module, which includes a microprocessor, and a power detection module, a pulse module, an energy storage capacitor, and a position detection module electrically connected to the microprocessor; The power detection module is used to detect the external power supply status and output a power failure signal to the microprocessor when a power failure is detected. The pulse module is used to output drive pulses under the control of the microprocessor to drive the first moving part and the second moving part to move. The energy storage capacitor is used to charge and store energy when the external power supply is normal, and to provide power to the control module when the external power supply is interrupted; After receiving the power failure signal, the microprocessor controls the pulse module to output a trip pulse under the power supply of the energy storage capacitor, driving the second moving part to move from the blocking position to the trip position, releasing the mechanical holding of the first moving part, so that the first moving part returns to the disconnect position and the moving contact separates from the stationary contact; The position detection module is used to detect the position of the first moving part.

[0017] Furthermore, the position detection module includes a capacitance detection module, a first metal body, and a second metal body; The first metal body is fixedly installed and electrically connected to the capacitance detection module; the second metal body is connected to the first moving part and moves synchronously with the first moving part. The first metal body and the second metal body are arranged opposite each other, and a detection capacitor is formed between them. The change in position of the first moving part causes a change in the capacitance value of the detection capacitor. The capacitance detection module detects the capacitance value and outputs it to the microprocessor. The microprocessor determines the position of the first moving part based on the change in capacitance value. After the microprocessor controls the disconnection, if the capacitance value indicates that the first moving part has not reached the disconnection position, the microprocessor determines that the moving contact and the stationary contact are stuck together. During the period when the external power supply is cut off and the energy storage capacitor supplies power, the microprocessor confirms whether the first moving part has reached the disconnection position based on the capacitance value.

[0018] Thirdly, the present invention discloses an energy-saving safety relay or contactor, including the above-mentioned mechanical holding and anti-vibration mechanism, moving contact, stationary contact, airtight arc-extinguishing cavity, metal elastic component and control module; The moving contact and the stationary contact are arranged opposite each other and are both located in the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity; the first moving component is linked with the moving contact; The wall of the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity is provided with a through opening. One end of the metal elastic component is airtightly fixed to the edge of the through opening, and the other end is airtightly fixed to the first moving component. The metal elastic component can elastically stretch and deform along the first axis as the first moving component moves, so that the first moving component can drive the moving contact while maintaining the airtightness of the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity. The control module includes a microprocessor, and a power detection module, a pulse module, an energy storage capacitor, and a position detection module electrically connected to the microprocessor. The power detection module outputs a power failure signal to the microprocessor when it detects an external power failure. The energy storage capacitor charges and stores energy when the external power supply is normal, and provides power to the control module when the external power supply fails. After receiving the power failure signal, the microprocessor controls the pulse module to output a trip pulse under the power supply of the energy storage capacitor, driving the second moving part to move from the blocking position to the trip position, releasing the mechanical holding of the first moving part, causing the first moving part to return to the disconnected position, and separating the moving contact from the stationary contact.

[0019] Furthermore, the position detection module includes a capacitance detection module, a first metal body, and a second metal body; the first metal body is fixedly disposed and electrically connected to the capacitance detection module; the second metal body is connected to the first moving component and moves synchronously with the first moving component; the first metal body and the second metal body are disposed opposite to each other, forming a detection capacitor between them, and the position change of the first moving component causes a change in the capacitance value of the detection capacitor; the capacitance detection module detects the capacitance value and outputs it to the microprocessor, so that the microprocessor can obtain the position of the first moving component accordingly.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The primary effect is the combination of zero-power mechanical retention and strong vibration resistance. After the contacts are closed, the first and second moving parts form an interlocking state, with the holding force provided by the geometric fit of the mechanical structure, independent of electromagnetic or permanent magnet attraction. No power is required during the holding phase, resulting in zero static power consumption. This completely eliminates the energy consumption and heat generation problems caused by long-term coil energization. In addition to mechanical retention in the closed state, this invention also provides mechanical retention in the open state, offering bidirectional, non-elastic mechanical retention. The locking relationship of the interlocking mechanism is determined by the structural geometry and is unaffected by the direction and intensity of vibration. This self-holding structure has significant technical advantages compared to current magnetic and mechanical retention technologies. This technology, when applied to ordinary relays to replace commonly used magnetic latching relays, has excellent development prospects in fields such as electricity meters where magnetic latching relays are widely used.

[0021] A further technical advantage lies in the integration of mechanical holding with high-pressure sealed arc extinguishing. The first moving component, via a metal elastic component, penetrates the airtight arc extinguishing chamber to drive the moving contact. The metal elastic component simultaneously performs both dynamic sealing and motion transmission functions, enabling motion transmission and airtight isolation between the mechanical interlocking mechanism (located in the normal pressure environment outside the airtight arc extinguishing chamber) and the arc extinguishing chamber. The mechanical locking mechanism is not constrained by the high temperature, high pressure, and insulation conditions within the arc extinguishing chamber, and can employ a sufficiently strong push rod, blocking arm, and flat plate slotted structure to ensure locking reliability. In existing technologies, bellows-sealed arc extinguishing chambers are only used with electrical or magnetic holding mechanisms. This invention, for the first time, combines them with a mechanical holding interlocking mechanism, enabling the mechanical holding scheme to enter the high-pressure sealed arc extinguishing environment.

[0022] Furthermore, this invention achieves power-off self-reset and power-loss safety. When the external power supply is interrupted, it automatically resets, meeting the requirement of NB / T 33001-2018 regarding the charger disconnecting the DC output within 100ms in cases of emergency stop or disconnection of the protective grounding wire. Moreover, this invention also implements adhesion detection; compared to mechanically moving switches, this invention uses capacitive detection to ensure long-term reliability.

[0023] It should be noted that the three features provided by this invention are not simply a combination of independent functions: the mechanical holding interlock mechanism provides a holding basis for zero power consumption and vibration resistance, but it is better suited for high-pressure sealed arc extinguishing environments when combined with the metal elastic component sealing transmission component; when combined with the energy storage capacitor and position detection control circuit, it can meet the safety requirements of power failure self-reset and has a wider range of applications. The three promote each other's technical effects. If any one of them is missing, especially the metal elastic component sealing, the application effect of this invention in the field of high-voltage DC relays will be reduced.

[0024] The mechanical holding and vibration-damping mechanism, the relay or contactor including the mechanism, and the energy-saving safety relay or contactor of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, taking a high-voltage DC relay as an example. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage relay according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional view of the high-voltage relay in the disconnected position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional view of the high-voltage relay in the first closed position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional view of the high-voltage relay in the second closed position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a side cross-sectional view of the high-voltage relay in the first closed position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each component of the electronic locking mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the push rod and the moving iron plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the push rod and the moving iron plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the push rod and the moving iron plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the push rod and moving iron plate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the side cross-section of the push rod and the moving iron plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the side cross-section of the push rod and the moving iron plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 14 This is a top view of the push rod and moving iron plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 15 This is a top view of the push rod and moving iron plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 16 This is a structural diagram of the electronic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] The following is an explanation of the labels.

[0042] 1: Electric opening and closing mechanism; 11: First coil; 12: First moving iron core; 13: First stationary iron core; 14: First magnetic yoke; 15: First magnetic pole plate; 16: Push rod; 162: First closed position; 163: Second closed position; 164: Switch blocking arm; 165: Locking blocking arm; 17: First return spring; 2: Electronic locking mechanism; 21: Second coil; 22: Second stationary iron plate; 23: Second magnetic yoke; 231: First square hole; 24: Second magnetic pole plate; 241: Limiting hole; 25: Moving iron plate; 251: Slot; First slot 2511; 2512: Second slot; 2513: Third slot; 252: Switch stop part; 253: Locking stop part; 254: Flat rod; 255: Tripping position; 256: Blocking position; 26: Second reset spring; 27: Magnetic isolation plate; 28: Metal plate; 281: Second square hole; 3: Moving contact; 4: Stationary contact; 5: Airtight arc extinguishing cavity; 51: Ceramic cover; 52: Metal brazing plate; 53: Metal ring bracket; 6: Metal bellows; 7: Control module; 71: Microprocessor; 72: PCB circuit board; 721: Terminal block; 73: Power detection module; 74: Pulse module; 75: Energy storage capacitor; 76: Position detection module; 761: Annular copper foil. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The mechanical holding and vibration-damping mechanisms, relays or contactors, and energy-saving safety relays or contactors in the embodiments of the present invention are based on the same inventive concept and belong to different protection subjects of the same technical solution. They are described together in the following specific embodiments and will not be elaborated separately. This embodiment takes a high-voltage DC relay as an example.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 16 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a high-voltage DC relay, including a mechanical holding and anti-vibration mechanism, a moving contact (3) and a pair of stationary contacts (4).

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, the mechanical holding and vibration damping mechanism includes an electric opening and closing mechanism 1 and an electronic locking mechanism 2. As a preferred embodiment, the electric opening and closing mechanism 1 includes a first coil 11, a first moving iron core 12, a first stationary iron core 13, a first magnetic yoke 14, a first magnetic pole plate 15, and a push rod 16.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, the push rod 16 performs a linear reciprocating motion along the Y (first axis) direction, and has a breaking position 161, a first closed position 162, and a second closed position 163 along its motion path; the second closed position 163 is located on the side of the first closed position 162 away from the breaking position 161. The push rod 16 is provided with a switch blocking arm 164 and a locking blocking arm 165, which extend radially along the push rod 16.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, when the first coil 11 is de-energized, the push rod 16 returns to the disconnected position 161 under the reaction force of the first return spring 17. In this state, the moving contact 3 is electrically disconnected from a pair of stationary contacts 4. like Figure 3 As shown, when the first coil 11 is energized, the first moving iron core 12 moves in the positive Y direction along with the push rod 16 to the first closed position 162. In this state, the moving contact 3 is electrically connected to a pair of stationary contacts 4. like Figure 4 As shown, when the first coil 11 continues to be energized, the first moving iron core 12 continues to move in the positive Y direction along with the push rod 16 to the second closed position 163. In this state, the moving contact 3 and a pair of stationary contacts 4 maintain electrical connection.

[0048] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, as a preferred solution, the electronic locking mechanism 2 includes a second coil 21, a second stationary iron plate 22, a second magnetic yoke 23, a second magnetic pole plate 24, a moving iron plate 25 (i.e., a second moving component), a second return spring 26, a magnetic isolation plate 27, and a metal plate 28.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, the second magnetic pole plate 24 is provided with a limiting hole 241, through which the push rod 16 is passed and its rotational movement around its axis is restricted. The second magnetic yoke 23 has a first square hole 231, and the metal plate 28 has a second square hole 281. The moving iron plate 25 passes through the first square hole 231 and the second square hole 281 and enters the second coil 21, corresponding to the second stationary iron plate 22. The moving iron plate 25 has a flat rod 254, and the second return spring 26 is sleeved into the flat rod 254 to press against the second magnetic yoke 23.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, the moving iron plate 25 reciprocates linearly along the X direction, i.e., the second axis, and has a release position 255 and a blocking position 256 along its movement path. The flat moving iron plate 25 has a slot 251 perpendicular to the plate plane along the Y-axis direction, through which the push rod 16 passes. The edge of the slot 251 has a switch stop 252 that cooperates with the switch stop arm 164. The slot 251 contains a locking stop 253 that cooperates with the locking stop arm 165. The switch stop arm 164, in conjunction with the switch stop 252, controls the movement of the push rod 16 in the Y-axis direction; the locking stop arm 165, in conjunction with the locking stop 253, controls the movement of the moving iron plate 25 in the X-axis direction.

[0051] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown in the embodiment of the invention, the slot 251 includes a first slot 2511, a second slot 2512, and a third slot 2513. The function of the first slot 2511 is to allow the switch blocking arm 164 to pass through the moving iron plate 25 unobstructed in both the positive and negative directions of the Y-axis when the moving iron plate 25 is in the disengaged position 255. The function of the second slot 2512 is to allow the locking blocking arm 165 to enter the second slot 2512 when the moving iron plate 25 is in the blocked position 256, thereby allowing the locking stop part 253 to block the locking blocking arm 165, preventing the moving iron plate 25 from returning from the blocked position 256 to the disengaged position 255 in the positive X-axis direction. The function of the third slot 2513 is to allow the locking blocking arm 165 to pass through the moving iron plate 25 unobstructed in both the positive and negative directions of the Y-axis when the moving iron plate 25 is in the disengaged position 255.

[0052] like Figure 10 , Figure 15 As shown, when the second coil 21 is energized, the moving iron plate 25 moves in the positive X direction to the tripped position 255. In this state, the moving iron plate 25 does not interfere with the movement of the push rod 16. When the second moving component is in the tripped position 255, the push rod 16 can pass through the slot 251 and move unobstructed in the positive Y-axis direction from the disconnected position 161 to the first closed position 162 and then to the second closed position 163, or it can move unobstructed in the reverse Y-axis direction from the second closed position 163 to the first closed position 162 and then to the disconnected position 161. Among them, the switch blocking arm 164 passes through the first slot 2511, and the locking blocking arm 165 passes through the third slot 2513.

[0053] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 14As shown, when push rod 16 is in the second closed position 163 or the open position 161, the second coil 21 is de-energized. Then, under the reaction force of the second return spring 26, the second moving iron plate 25 returns to the blocking position 256 in the opposite direction (X). In this state, the moving iron plate 25 prevents push rod 16 from moving between the open position 161 and the first closed position 162. Figure 8 As shown, before the second coil 21 is de-energized, the push rod 16 is in the second closed position 163. After the first coil is de-energized, the push rod 16 returns from the second closed position 163 to the first closed position 162. Because the switch stop part 252 is located in front of the switch blocking arm 164 in the negative Y-axis direction, the push rod 16 is blocked in the first closed position 162 and cannot move to the open position 161. That is, the moving contact 3 and a pair of stationary contacts 4 are mechanically held in an electrically connected state. Figure 9 As shown, before the second coil 21 is de-energized, the push rod 16 is in the disconnected position 161, and the switch stop part 252 is located in front of the switch blocking arm 164 in the positive direction of the Y axis. The push rod 16 is blocked and cannot move to the first closed position 162, that is, the moving contact 3 and a pair of stationary contacts 4 are mechanically held in the electrically disconnected state.

[0054] like Figure 8 , Figure 12 , Figure 14 As shown, when the push rod 16 is in the first closed position 162, the switch stop part 252 is located in the opposite direction of the switch blocking arm 164 along the Y-axis, preventing the push rod 16 from moving in the opposite direction of the Y-axis. The push rod 16 cannot return from the first closed position 162 to the open position 161. In this state, when the moving iron plate 25 is in the blocking position 256, the locking blocking arm 165 enters the second slot 2512, while the locking stop part 253 is located in the opposite direction of the X-axis, preventing the moving iron plate 25 from moving in the opposite direction of the X-axis. This prevents the moving iron plate 25 from returning from the blocking position 256 to the release position 255, forming an interlocking state of mutual engagement.

[0055] like Figure 11 , Figure 15 As shown, in the interlocked state where the moving iron plate 25 and the push rod 16 are engaged, when the first coil 11 is energized and the push rod 16 moves to the second closed position 163, the locking blocking arm 165 exits the second slot 2512 and is located above the positive Y-axis direction of the moving iron plate 25, thus releasing the obstruction of the locking stop part 253. At this time, the second coil 21 is energized, which allows the moving iron plate 25 to move from the blocking position 256 to the release position 255. After the moving iron plate 25 moves to the release position 255, the push rod 16 can return from the second closed position 163 to the break position 161 via the first closed position 162.

[0056] like Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, after the push rod 16 returns to the break position 161, the locking blocking arm 165 exits the second slot 2512 and is located below the moving iron plate 25 in the opposite direction of the Y axis, thus releasing the obstruction of the locking stop part 253. The moving iron plate 25 can also move from the release position 255 to the blocking position 256.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the push rod 16 is in the disconnected position 161, the pair of stationary contacts 4 are separated from the moving contacts 3, and the moving iron plate 25 is in the blocking position 256. At this time, the switch blocking arm 164 is blocked in the positive Y direction by the switch stop part 252 and cannot move to prevent the pair of stationary contacts 4 and moving contacts 3 from being mistakenly connected due to vibration. At this time, as a preferred solution, the pair of stationary contacts 4 and moving contacts 3 can be electrically connected according to the following engagement process: First, control the second coil 21 to be energized. At this time, the moving iron plate 25 can move from the blocking position 256 to the tripping position 255 along the positive X-axis under the action of electromagnetic force. Then the switch stop part 252 releases the obstruction of the switch blocking arm 164. Next, the first coil 11 is energized, and the first moving iron core 12 can move the push rod 16 from the disconnected position 161 along the positive Y-axis to the first closed position 162 under the action of electromagnetic force. At this time, the moving contact 3 is electrically connected to a pair of stationary contacts 4. While continuing to control the first coil 11 to maintain energization, the push rod 16 moves to the second closed position 163, and the locking arm 165 passes through the third slot 2513 hole 251 and passes through the moving iron plate 25. Then, the second coil 21 is de-energized, and the moving iron plate 25, under the return force of the second return spring 26, returns from the tripped position 255 to the blocking position 256 in the opposite direction of the X-axis. Finally, the first coil 11 is de-energized, and the push rod 16, under the return force of the first return spring 17, returns from the second closed position 163 to the first closed position 162 along the Y-axis in the opposite direction. Since the moving iron plate 25 is already in the blocking position 256, the switch stop part 252 prevents the switch blocking arm 164 from continuing to move, thus keeping the push rod 16 in the first disconnected position 161. The moving contact 3 and a pair of stationary contacts 4 remain electrically connected. At this time, both the first coil 11 and the second coil 21 are de-energized, so there is no need to maintain the contact connection, thus realizing the pulse engagement mechanical holding function. Furthermore, the push rod 16 returns from the second closed position 163 to the first closed position 162. After returning to the first closed position 162, the locking arm 165 enters the second slot 2512. Under the obstruction of the locking stop 253, the moving iron plate 25 cannot move from the blocking position 256 to the release position 255. In this way, the push rod 16 and the moving iron plate 25 form a mutually interlocking state. This is a mechanical hard retention, not a soft retention relying on spring elasticity. Its locking relationship is determined by the structural geometry and is not affected by the direction and intensity of vibration. External strong vibration cannot generate vibration force simultaneously in two mutually perpendicular directions, the X-axis and the Y-axis. Therefore, the mechanical retention and vibration damping effect of this interlock is better than that of magnetic retention and existing mechanical retention.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, as a preferred solution, controlling the electrical separation of a pair of stationary contacts 4 and moving contacts 3 under the above-mentioned interlocking retaining structure can be achieved according to the following disconnection process: First, the first coil 11 is energized, and the first moving iron core 12 moves the push rod 16 from the first closed position 162 along the positive Y-axis to the second closed position 163 under the action of electromagnetic force. At this time, the locking blocking arm 165 disengages from the third slot 2513 and releases the block on the moving iron plate 25. Then, control the second coil 21 to be energized. At this time, the moving iron plate 25 can move from the blocking position 256 to the tripping position 255 along the positive X-axis under the action of electromagnetic force, so that the switch stop part 252 can release the obstruction of the switch blocking arm 164. Then, the first coil 11 is de-energized, and the push rod 16 returns from the second closed position 163 to the first closed position 162 in the opposite direction of the Y axis under the return force of the first return spring 17. Since the moving iron plate 25 is in the tripped position 255 at this time, the switch stop part 252 releases the obstruction of the switch blocking arm 164, so that the push rod 16 can continue to return from the first disconnected position 161 to the disconnected position 161, and the moving contact 3 is electrically disconnected from a pair of stationary contacts 4. Finally, the second coil 21 is de-energized. Since the push rod 16 is in the disconnected position 161 at this time, the locking blocking arm 165 has moved away from the third slot 2513 in the opposite direction of the Y axis, thus releasing the obstruction of the moving iron plate 25. Under the return force of the second return spring 26, the moving iron plate 25 returns from the tripped position 255 to the blocking position 256 in the opposite direction of the X axis. At this time, the switch blocking arm 164 is again blocked by the switch stop part 252 in the positive Y direction and cannot move to the first closed position 162, thus achieving the mechanical blocking to maintain the contact. In the point-break state, compared with the spring force holding break structure used by most relays, the reliability is high and it can avoid false engagement due to strong vibration. The condition for false engagement under this structure is that the moving iron plate 25 must first vibrate from the blocking position 256 to the tripping position 255, and at the same time overcome the resistance of the first return spring 17 in the positive Y direction. However, external vibration cannot generate vibration force in the two mutually perpendicular X and Y axes at the same time. Therefore, the push rod 16 in the break position 161 will not move due to vibration and cause false engagement, which has a mechanical hard holding effect.

[0059] The high-voltage DC relay disclosed in this embodiment of the invention also includes an airtight arc-extinguishing cavity 5 and a metal bellows 6. The airtight arc-extinguishing cavity 5 includes a ceramic cover 51, a metal brazing plate 52, and a metal annular support 53. The ceramic cover 51 and the metal brazing plate 52 are brazed and sealed. The ceramic cover 51 is seamlessly welded to a pair of stationary contacts 4, allowing the pair of stationary contacts 4 to pass through the ceramic cover 51 from the outside and enter the cavity. The metal brazing plate 52 has a central opening and is sealed and welded to one end of the metal bellows 6. The metal annular support 53 enters the interior of the metal bellows 6, and its edge is sealed and welded to the other end of the metal bellows 6, thus forming the entire airtight cavity. The airtight arc-extinguishing cavity 5 can be evacuated or injected with gas. The metal annular support 53 is screwed or welded to the push rod 16. The airtight arc-extinguishing cavity 5 is equipped with an insulating support 54 and a compression spring 55. The moving contact 3 is connected to the insulating support 54, which has a central opening. The metal annular support 53 passes through the insulating support and is welded to a fixing plate.

[0060] The high-voltage DC relay disclosed in this embodiment of the invention also includes a control module 7. The control module 7 includes a microprocessor 71 and a PCB circuit board 72, as well as a power detection module 73, a pulse module 74, an energy storage capacitor 75, and a position detection module 76 electrically connected to the microprocessor 71, with a push rod 16 passing through it. The power detection module 73 is used to detect whether the external power supply is interrupted, and outputs a power interruption signal to the microprocessor 71 when a power interruption is detected; the pulse module 74 is used to control the movement of the first moving part and the second moving part; the energy storage capacitor 75 is used to charge and store energy when the external power supply is normal, and provides power to the control module 7 when the external power supply is interrupted; the position detection module 76 is used to detect the position of the push rod 16. The PCB circuit board 72 includes a terminal block 721 for connecting the external system and the power supply, and the first coil 11 and the second coil 21 are electrically connected to the pulse module 74. The PCB circuit board 72 has a through hole 722 through which the push rod 16 passes.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, as a preferred solution, the position detection module 76 includes a capacitance detection module, an annular copper foil 761 disposed on a PCB circuit board 72, and a metal annular support 53; the annular copper foil 761 is electrically connected to the capacitance detection module; the metal annular support 53 moves synchronously with the push rod 16; a detection capacitor is formed between the copper foil and the metal annular support 53, and the position change of the push rod 16 in the open position 161 or the first closed position 162 causes a change in the capacitance value of the detection capacitor; the capacitance detection module detects the change in capacitance value and outputs it to the microprocessor 71, so that the microprocessor 71 can obtain the position of the push rod 16 accordingly, thereby realizing contact adhesion detection and state detection after external power failure. It is understood that, as an important component with a service life requirement of hundreds of thousands of cycles, the high-voltage relay is obviously more reliable than the micro switch using inductive detection without mechanical wear.

[0062] Since the power detection module 73, pulse module 74, energy storage capacitor 75, position detection module 76, metal touch detection, and microprocessor 71 control are mostly existing technologies, their principles and implementation methods will not be explained in detail here.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, the mechanical holding and anti-vibration mechanism, the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity (5), the metal elastic component (6), and the control module work together to form the energy-saving safety relay or contactor described in this invention.

[0064] The embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following technical effects: The primary effect is the combination of zero-power mechanical retention and strong vibration resistance. After the contacts are closed, the first and second moving parts form an interlocking state, with the retaining force provided by the geometric fit of the mechanical structure, independent of electromagnetic or permanent magnet attraction. No power is required during the retaining phase, resulting in zero static power consumption. This completely eliminates the energy consumption and heat generation problems caused by long-term coil energization. In addition to mechanical retention in the closed state, this invention also provides mechanical retention in the open state, offering bidirectional, non-elastic mechanical retention. The locking relationship of the interlocking mechanism is determined by the structural geometry and is unaffected by the direction and intensity of vibration. This self-retaining structure offers significant technical advantages compared to current magnetic and mechanical retention technologies. A further technical advantage lies in the integration of mechanical holding and high-pressure sealed arc extinguishing in this embodiment of the invention. The first moving component, via a metal elastic component, penetrates the airtight arc extinguishing chamber to drive the moving contact. The metal elastic component simultaneously performs both dynamic sealing and motion transmission functions, enabling motion transmission and airtight isolation between the mechanical interlocking mechanism (located in the normal pressure environment outside the airtight arc extinguishing chamber) and the arc extinguishing chamber. The mechanical locking mechanism is not constrained by the high temperature, high pressure, and insulation conditions within the arc extinguishing chamber, and can employ a sufficiently strong push rod, blocking arm, and flat plate slotted structure to ensure locking reliability. In the prior art, bellows-sealed arc extinguishing chambers are only used with electrical or magnetic holding mechanisms. This embodiment of the invention is the first to combine it with a mechanical holding interlocking mechanism, enabling the mechanical holding scheme to enter the high-pressure sealed arc extinguishing environment.

[0065] Furthermore, this invention implements power-off self-reset and power-loss safety. When the external power supply is interrupted, automatic reset is achieved, meeting the requirement of NB / T 33001-2018 regarding the charger disconnecting the DC output within 100ms in cases of emergency stop, disconnection of the protective grounding wire, etc. Moreover, this invention also implements adhesion detection; compared to mechanically moving switches, this invention uses capacitive detection to ensure long-term reliability.

[0066] The three features provided by this invention are not simply a combination of independent functions: the mechanical holding interlock mechanism provides a foundation for zero power consumption and vibration resistance, but it can only reliably enter the high-voltage sealing and arc-extinguishing environment with the cooperation of the bellows-sealed transmission component. With the cooperation of the energy storage capacitor and the position detection and control circuit, it can meet the safety requirements of power-off self-reset, thus broadening its application range. These three elements mutually promote each other's technical effects; the absence of any one of them, especially the lack of the bellows seal, would reduce the effectiveness of this embodiment's technical solution in the field of high-voltage DC relays. This invention, through the over-travel unlocking design of the bidirectional mechanical interlock mechanism and the push rod-plate slot-hole cooperation structure, establishes a complete technical link of "mechanical holding → high-voltage sealing → power-off safety," enabling the four key indicators of zero power consumption holding, strong vibration resistance, high-voltage sealing and arc extinguishing, and power-off self-reset to be simultaneously met for the first time. It is suitable for demanding applications such as new energy vehicles, energy storage systems, and DC charging facilities.

[0067] The mechanical holding and vibration damping mechanism, relay / contactor, and energy-saving safety relay / contactor provided by the present invention have been described in detail above. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the core design concept of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the principles of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical holding and vibration damping mechanism, applied in a relay or contactor, characterized in that: It includes a first moving part (16) and a second moving part (25), the first moving part (16) being configured to make a linear reciprocating motion along a first axis, and the second moving part (25) being configured to make a linear reciprocating motion along a second axis, the first axis and the second axis being perpendicular to each other; The first moving part (16) has a disconnected position (161) and a first closed position (162) on its movement path. When the first moving part (16) is in the disconnected position (161), the moving contact (3) and the stationary contact (4) of the relay or contactor are electrically disconnected; when the first moving part (16) is in the first closed position (162), the moving contact (3) and the stationary contact (4) are electrically connected. The second moving part (25) has a release position (255) and a blocking position (256); When the second moving part (25) is in the tripped position (255), it does not obstruct the movement of the first moving part (16) along the first axis; When the second moving part (25) is in the blocking position (256) and the first moving part (16) is in the disconnected position (161), the second moving part (25) blocks the first moving part (16) from moving from the disconnected position (161) to the first closed position (162) so as to mechanically maintain the electrical disconnection state between the moving contact (3) and the stationary contact (4). When the first moving part (16) is in the first closed position (162), the second moving part (25) blocks the first moving part (16) from moving from the first closed position (162) to the disconnected position (161) so as to mechanically maintain the electrical connection state between the moving contact (3) and the stationary contact (4).

2. The mechanical holding and vibration damping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first moving part (16) also has a second closed position (163) on its movement path, the second closed position (163) being located on the side of the first closed position (162) away from the break position (161); When the first moving part (16) is in the first closed position (162) and the second moving part (25) is in the blocking position (256), the second moving part (25) blocks the first moving part (16) from moving from the first closed position (162) to the breaking position (161), and the first moving part (16) also prevents the second moving part (25) from moving from the blocking position (256) to the disengaged position (255), forming an interlocking state of mutual engagement; When the first moving part (16) moves to the second closed position (163), the first moving part (16) releases the obstruction of the second moving part (25), and the second moving part (25) can move back and forth between the obstruction position (256) and the release position (255).

3. The mechanical holding and vibration damping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first moving part (16) is rod-shaped, and the first moving part (16) is provided with a first blocking arm (164) and a second blocking arm (165) in the radial direction. The first blocking arm (164) is configured to prevent the first moving part (16) from reciprocating between the first closed position (162) and the broken position (161) in the first axial direction when the second moving part (25) is in the blocking position (256); The second blocking arm (165) is configured to block the second moving part (25) from moving from the blocking position (256) to the disengaged position (255) in the second axial direction when the first moving part (16) is in the first closed position (162) and the second moving part (25) is in the blocking position (256), forming a mutually engaged state.

4. The mechanical holding and vibration damping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second moving part (25) is plate-shaped, and the second moving part (25) has a slot (251) extending along the first axis direction, through which the first moving part (16) passes. The groove (251) has a first stop (252) and a second stop (253) on its edge. The first stop (252) is configured to abut against the first stop arm (164) in the first axial direction when the second moving part (25) is in the blocking position (256), thereby preventing the first moving part (16) from reciprocating between the first closed position (162) and the broken position (161). The second stop (253) is configured to abut against the second stop arm (165) in the second axis direction when the first moving part (16) is in the first closed position (162) and the second moving part (25) is in the blocking position (256), thereby preventing the second moving part (25) from moving from the blocking position (256) to the disengaged position (255). When the first moving part (16) moves to the second closed position (163) along the first axis direction, the second blocking arm (165) avoids the second stop (253), and the second moving part (25) can move from the blocking position (256) to the disengaged position (255). When the second moving part (25) is in the disengaged position (255), the first stop (252) and the second stop (253) both avoid the movement paths of the first blocking arm (164) and the second blocking arm (165), and the first moving part (16) can reciprocate between the disengaged position (161) and the second closed position (163).

5. The mechanical holding and vibration damping mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slot (251) includes a first slot (2511), a second slot (2512), and a third slot (2513); along a direction parallel to the second axis, the second slot (2512), the second stop (253), and the third slot (2513) are arranged in sequence, with the second stop (253) located between the second slot (2512) and the third slot (2513); When the second moving part (25) is in the disengaged position (255), the first blocking arm (164) can pass through the first slot (2511) without obstruction along the first axis, and the second blocking arm (165) can pass through the third slot (2513) without obstruction along the first axis. When the second moving part (25) is in the blocking position (256) and the first moving part (16) is in the first closed position, the second blocking arm (165) is located in the second slot (2512), and the second blocking arm (165) blocks the second stop (253) so that the second moving part (25) cannot move from the blocking position (256) to the tripping position (255). When the second moving part (25) is in the blocking position (256) and the first moving part (16) is in the second closed position or the disengaged position, the second blocking arm (165) disengages from the second slot (2512) and the second blocking arm (165) does not block the second stop (253) so that the second moving part (25) can move from the blocking position (256) to the disengaged position (255).

6. A relay or contactor, characterized in that: It includes the mechanical holding and vibration damping mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, a moving contact (3) and a stationary contact (4); the moving contact (3) and the stationary contact (4) are disposed opposite to each other; the first moving component (16) is linked with the moving contact (3), and when the first moving component (16) moves along the first axis, it drives the moving contact (3) to contact or separate from the stationary contact (4).

7. The relay or contactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The relay or contactor is a high-voltage relay or high-voltage contactor; it also includes an airtight arc-extinguishing cavity (5) and a metal elastic component (6); the moving contact (3) and the stationary contact (4) are both disposed in the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity (5); the cavity wall of the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity (5) is provided with a through opening, one end of the metal elastic component (6) is airtightly fixedly connected to the edge of the through opening, and the other end is airtightly fixedly connected to the first moving component (16); the metal elastic component (6) can elastically stretch and deform along the first axis with the movement of the first moving component (16), so that the first moving component (16) can drive the moving contact (3) while maintaining the airtightness of the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity (5).

8. The relay or contactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a control module, which includes a microprocessor, and a power detection module, a pulse module, an energy storage capacitor and a position detection module electrically connected to the microprocessor; The power detection module is used to detect the external power supply status and output a power failure signal to the microprocessor when a power failure is detected. The pulse module is used to output drive pulses under the control of the microprocessor to drive the first moving part (16) and the second moving part (25) to move. The energy storage capacitor is used to charge and store energy when the external power supply is normal, and to provide power to the control module when the external power supply is interrupted; After receiving the power failure signal, the microprocessor controls the pulse module to output a trip pulse under the power supply of the energy storage capacitor, driving the second moving part (25) to move from the blocking position (256) to the tripping position (255), releasing the mechanical holding of the first moving part (16), so that the first moving part (16) returns to the breaking position (161) and the moving contact (3) separates from the stationary contact (4); The position detection module is used to detect the position of the first moving part (16).

9. The relay or contactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The position detection module includes a capacitance detection module, a first metal body, and a second metal body; The first metal body is fixedly installed and electrically connected to the capacitance detection module; the second metal body is connected to the first moving part (16) and moves synchronously with the first moving part (16); The first metal body and the second metal body are arranged opposite to each other, forming a detection capacitor between them. The position change of the first moving part (16) causes the capacitance value of the detection capacitor to change. The capacitance detection module detects the capacitance value and outputs it to the microprocessor. The microprocessor determines the position of the first moving part (16) based on the change in the capacitance value. After the microprocessor controls the disconnection, if the capacitance value indicates that the first moving part (16) has not reached the disconnection position (161), the microprocessor determines that the moving contact (3) and the stationary contact (4) are stuck together; during the period when the external power supply is cut off and the energy storage capacitor supplies power, the microprocessor confirms whether the first moving part (16) has reached the disconnection position (161) based on the capacitance value.

10. An energy-saving safety relay or contactor, characterized in that: It includes the mechanical holding and vibration damping mechanism, moving contact (3), stationary contact (4), airtight arc extinguishing cavity (5), metal elastic component (6), and control module as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; The moving contact (3) and the stationary contact (4) are arranged opposite to each other and are both located inside the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity (5); the first moving component (16) is linked with the moving contact (3); The airtight arc-extinguishing cavity (5) has a through opening in its cavity wall. One end of the metal elastic component (6) is airtightly fixed to the edge of the through opening, and the other end is airtightly fixed to the first moving component (16). The metal elastic component (6) can elastically stretch and deform along the first axis as the first moving component (16) moves, so that the first moving component (16) can drive the moving contact (3) while maintaining the airtightness of the airtight arc-extinguishing cavity (5). The control module includes a microprocessor, and a power detection module, a pulse module, an energy storage capacitor, and a position detection module electrically connected to the microprocessor. The power detection module outputs a power failure signal to the microprocessor when it detects an external power failure. The energy storage capacitor charges and stores energy when the external power supply is normal, and provides power to the control module when the external power supply fails. After receiving the power failure signal, the microprocessor controls the pulse module to output a trip pulse under the power supply of the energy storage capacitor, driving the second moving part (25) to move from the blocking position (256) to the tripping position (255), releasing the mechanical holding of the first moving part (16), so that the first moving part (16) returns to the disconnected position (161), and the moving contact (3) separates from the stationary contact (4).

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