An integrated mechanical push-pull arm driven drop-out fuse

Abstract

The application relates to an integrated mechanical push-pull arm driven drop-out fuse, and belongs to the technical field of fuses. The device comprises a composite insulator, the upper end and the lower end of the composite insulator are respectively fixedly provided with an upper contact mounting support and a lower contact support base, a lock catch pressing block is arranged in the upper contact mounting support, a transmission push rod is fixedly arranged on one side of the upper contact mounting support, and a contact pressing spring is arranged on the outer side of the transmission push rod. When the tripping force arm is adjusted, the device can automatically adjust the lubricating oil supply amount of the linkage wedge-shaped plate, the extrusion plate, the cam and the oil storage bag, realizes automatic oil supply and oil supplement of the rotating shaft sliding bearing, avoids bearing corrosion or oil overflow, and simultaneously adjusts the pre-tightening damping of the buffer spring through the rack, the driven gear and the threaded rod, matches the drop impact of the fuse tube, suppresses the large swing of the fuse tube, and reduces the damage risk of the lead and the insulator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuse technology, specifically to a drop-out fuse with an integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive. Background Technology

[0002] Drop-out fuses, also known as outdoor high-voltage drop-out fuses or links, are outdoor short-circuit and overload protection devices suitable for 10kV overhead distribution lines and the high-voltage side of distribution transformers. They consist of an insulated support base, an upper duckbill stationary contact, a lower fixed support, a detachable fuse tube, a fuse wire, a hinged rotating bearing, and mounting hardware. Their core working principle is as follows: During normal operation, the fuse wire is pulled tight, causing the fuse tube to engage upwards between the upper and lower contacts, forming a conductive path. When a short circuit or sustained overload occurs, the fuse wire melts due to heat. The fuse tube, no longer restrained by tension, rotates downwards around the lower hinged fulcrum under its own weight, forming a visible air-isolated break, cutting off the fault circuit. They provide short-circuit protection, overload protection, and clear disconnection point isolation, and are widely used in rural distribution networks, pole-mounted transformers, and overhead branch lines. However, existing drop-out fuses have the following drawbacks in practical use:

[0003] Different capacity transformers correspond to fuse tubes of different weights and specifications. In older equipment, bearing corrosion significantly increases rotational resistance, making it impossible for the fixed lever arm's output torque to adapt to changing operating conditions. Insufficient torque can cause the fuse tube to become stuck after the fuse blows, preventing it from falling properly and potentially leading to fuse tube rupture and phase-to-phase short circuits. Excessive torque results in rigid impact on the contacts during closing, causing deformation of the duckbill contacts, increased contact resistance, and continuous heating that erodes conductive components. Furthermore, the fuse tube directly and rigidly impacts the upper and lower contacts during closing, which, with frequent operation over a long period, can easily cause wear and breakage of the tungsten alloy contacts. After a faulty fuse blows, the fuse tube falls freely without damping restraint, and the impact force directly acts on the insulators and leads, easily causing porcelain insulator cracking and high-voltage lead wire pull. The equipment is prone to breakage; it also lacks a mechanical limiting structure, making the swing amplitude of the molten tube uncontrollable. Excessive swing amplitude can easily cause arc discharge to the ground and between phases, expanding the scope of the fault. Furthermore, the sliding bearings at the upper and lower rotation fulcrums of the molten tube are exposed for a long time, and rainwater and dust can easily corrode and accumulate dirt and become stuck after penetrating the friction pairs. The existing equipment only applies grease once at the factory and does not have an automatic oil replenishment structure during operation. Maintenance personnel need to climb the pole and shut down the power to manually add grease, which is a lot of maintenance work. If the inspection is missed, it can easily lead to a major safety hazard of the molten tube not falling. At the same time, the traditional lubrication oil supply is constant. In heavy load and frequent operation scenarios, the oil supply is insufficient, while in light load scenarios, the grease accumulates excessively and forms sludge, which can aggravate bearing seizure.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, innovative designs are urgently needed based on existing approaches. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive to solve the problems mentioned in the background. The technical solution of this invention addresses the problem that the existing technical solutions are too simplistic and provides a solution that is significantly different from the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive, comprising a composite insulator, wherein an upper contact mounting bracket and a lower contact support base are respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the composite insulator, and a locking block is installed inside the upper contact mounting bracket, and a transmission push rod is fixedly fixed through one side inside the upper contact mounting bracket, and a contact clamping spring is sleeved on the outside of the transmission push rod; an upper stationary contact duckbill cover is provided inside the upper contact mounting bracket below the locking block.

[0007] It also includes an electric push rod, which is horizontally fixed to the crossarm on the power distribution line pole, and the output end of the electric push rod is fixed with an insulated transmission connecting rod. The lower contact support base has a lower hanging ear locking block mounted on the front end of the mounting ear through the central rotating shaft, and a fusible tube is rotatably hinged above the lower hanging ear locking block.

[0008] A push-pull arm is connected to the outer side of the lower contact support base, and sliding grooves are provided on the inner side of the push-pull arm and the left and right sides of the lower contact support base. A slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove, and a rotating shaft is connected between the two sliders by a bearing. A self-lubricating component is provided inside the lower contact support base, and a buffer component is provided at the bottom of the push-pull arm.

[0009] Preferably, the end of the insulated transmission link away from the electric push rod is hinged to the lug on the push-pull arm, and the inner side of the push-pull arm is hinged to the outer side of the lower end of the molten tube.

[0010] Preferably, a threaded hole is provided on the side of the slider on the push-pull arm, and a locking bolt is threadedly connected to the left side of the inside of the push-pull arm, and the locking bolt and the threaded hole are threadedly connected.

[0011] Preferably, the self-lubricating component includes a cam, which is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of one end of the rotating shaft. A limit frame is bolted to the side of the slider on the lower contact support base, and an oil reservoir is provided on one side inside the limit frame. A pressure plate is slidably connected to the other side inside the limit frame, and a wedge plate is fixedly connected to the rear side of the pressure plate.

[0012] An adjusting plate is rotatably connected to the inclined opening of the wedge plate. Oil storage boxes are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the upper surface of the lower contact support base. The oil storage boxes and the oil storage bladder are connected through an oil inlet pipe. An oil outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the oil storage bladder. An oil guide cotton strip is provided at the end of the oil outlet pipe away from the oil storage bladder. A one-way valve is installed inside both the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the cam corresponds to the position of the wedge plate and the adjusting plate, the interior of the wedge plate is hollow, and the side of the extrusion plate away from the wedge plate contacts the outer surface of the oil reservoir.

[0014] The oil reservoir is connected to the inside of the oil outlet pipe. The end of the oil outlet pipe away from the oil inlet pipe extends into the inside of the slider, and the end of the oil guide cotton strip away from the oil outlet pipe extends into the bearing position of the rotating shaft.

[0015] Preferably, a drive plate is connected through the top of the inner wall of the extrusion plate, and a guide rod is fixedly connected above the right side of the drive plate. A moving block is slidably connected to the lower surface of the adjustment plate, and the moving block and the opposite surface of the drive plate are hinged through a movable plate. Guide grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the lower contact support base above the slide groove.

[0016] Preferably, the drive plate is slidably disposed inside the extrusion plate, and the end of the guide rod away from the drive plate is embedded and slidably disposed inside the guide groove, wherein the guide groove adopts a combination structure of two reverse inclined grooves.

[0017] Preferably, the buffer assembly includes two fixed cylinders and a baffle. Both fixed cylinders are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the push-pull arm by bolts. A shock-absorbing rod is slidably connected through the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder. An adjusting plate is slidably connected to the upper part of the inside of the fixed cylinder. A buffer spring is connected between the adjusting plate and the shock-absorbing rod. The two ends of the buffer spring are respectively fixed to the opposite sides of the adjusting plate and the shock-absorbing rod.

[0018] A threaded rod is connected to a bearing on one side inside the push-pull arm, and a driven gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the upper end of the threaded rod, and a threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the threaded rod. A rack is fixedly connected to the front end of the slider on the push-pull arm, and the baffle is horizontally fixed to the crossarm on the power distribution line pole.

[0019] Preferably, the bottom of the threaded sleeve extends into the interior of the fixed cylinder, and the bottom end of the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the adjusting disc by bolts. The rack and the driven gear are positioned correspondingly, and the rack and the driven gear are meshed together.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. In this invention, when the device adjusts the slider to change the length of the tripping lever arm, the slider simultaneously drives the wedge plate and the extrusion plate to move horizontally. The guide rod on the extrusion plate rises and falls along the guide groove. The tilt angle of the adjustment plate is adjusted by the drive plate and the movable plate, changing the stroke of the cam extruding the oil reservoir, thereby achieving adaptive adjustment of the lubrication supply. Under heavy-load conditions with a larger tripping lever arm, the oil output of the oil reservoir can be increased. The lubricating grease is fully wetted by the oil outlet pipe and the oil guide cotton strip, which can alleviate the bearing corrosion and jamming. Under light-load conditions with a smaller tripping lever arm, the oil output can be reduced, avoiding grease overflow and dust accumulation. There is no need for maintenance personnel to climb up to add grease separately, reducing the workload of outdoor line maintenance and maintaining the smoothness of the fuse tube's drop rotation.

[0022] 2. In this invention, during the process of adjusting the tripping lever arm by sliding the slider, the rack at the bottom of the slider moves synchronously, meshing with and driving the driven gear and threaded rod to rotate, which in turn drives the threaded sleeve and adjusting plate to rise and fall, stretching or compressing the buffer spring and adaptively changing the preload damping of the buffer spring. When the tripping lever arm is too large and the impact of the fuse tube falling is stronger, the preload of the buffer spring increases synchronously, improving the energy absorption effect of the shock absorber hitting the baffle, restraining the fuse tube from swinging too much, and reducing the possibility of high-voltage lead wire breakage and composite insulator impact damage. When the tripping lever arm is too small and the impact of the fuse tube's own weight is weak, the preload of the buffer spring decreases synchronously, reducing the buffer resistance and reducing the probability of the fuse tube getting stuck and unable to fall. There is no need to separately disassemble and adjust the buffer components, improving the stability of fault disconnection and reducing the impact range of short circuit and overload faults.

[0023] 3. In this invention, when the fusible tube rotates downward around the lower end of the rotating shaft and falls, the rotating shaft drives the cam to squeeze the adjusting plate, causing the oil reservoir to output lubricating grease. After the fusible tube is closed and lifted to reset, the cam releases the squeeze, and the oil reservoir relies on its own elastic rebound to form a negative pressure, which draws grease from the oil reservoir through the oil inlet pipe to complete automatic oil replenishment. The one-way valves installed on the oil inlet and outlet pipes can restrict the one-way flow of lubricating oil, reduce grease leakage, backflow, and oil circuit dust accumulation and blockage, and are suitable for complex outdoor working conditions such as sandstorms, rain and snow, continuously providing lubrication protection for the sliding bearing of the rotating shaft. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary separation structure of the fusion tube of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fusible tube and the lower hanging ear locking block of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the contact compression spring and the upper contact mounting bracket of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5This is a side sectional view of the push-pull arm and fixed cylinder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a side sectional view of the slider and limiting frame of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the drive plate and the extrusion plate of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Composite insulator; 2. Upper contact mounting bracket; 3. Lower contact support base; 4. Fusible tube; 5. Lower hanging ear locking block; 6. Locking pressure block; 7. Contact clamping spring; 8. Transmission push rod; 9. Upper stationary contact duckbill cover; 10. Electric push rod; 11. Insulated transmission connecting rod; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Slide groove; 14. Slider; 15. Push-pull arm; 1601. Cam; 1602. Limiting frame; 1603. Oil reservoir; 1604. Wedge plate; 1605. Adjusting plate; 1606. Extrusion. Plate; 1607, Drive plate; 1608, Guide rod; 1609, Movable plate; 1610, Moving block; 1611, Guide groove; 1612, Oil inlet pipe; 1613, Oil outlet pipe; 1614, Oil reservoir; 1615, Oil guide cotton strip; 1701, Fixed cylinder; 1702, Shock absorber rod; 1703, Rack; 1704, Driven gear; 1705, Threaded rod; 1706, Threaded sleeve; 1707, Adjusting plate; 1708, Buffer spring; 1709, Baffle; 18, Threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention in order to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, based on the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention.

[0035] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive, including a composite insulator 1, an upper contact mounting bracket 2 and a lower contact support base 3 respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the composite insulator 1, and a locking block 6 installed inside the upper contact mounting bracket 2, and a transmission push rod 8 is fixedly installed through one side inside the upper contact mounting bracket 2, and a contact compression spring 7 is sleeved on the outside of the transmission push rod 8, and an upper stationary contact duckbill cover 9 is provided inside the upper contact mounting bracket 2 below the locking block 6;

[0036] It also includes an electric push rod 10, which is horizontally fixed to the crossarm on the power distribution line pole, and the output end of the electric push rod 10 is fixed with an insulated transmission connecting rod 11. The lower contact support base 3 has a lower hanging ear locking block 5 mounted on the front end of the mounting ear through the central rotating shaft, and a fuse tube 4 is rotatably hinged above the lower hanging ear locking block 5.

[0037] A push-pull arm 15 is connected to the outer side of the lower contact support base 3. Slide grooves 13 are provided on the inner side of the push-pull arm 15 and on the left and right sides of the lower contact support base 3. A slider 14 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove 13. A rotating shaft 12 is connected between the two sliders 14 by a bearing. The end of the insulating transmission rod 11 away from the electric push rod 10 is hinged to the lug on the push-pull arm 15. The inner side of the push-pull arm 15 is hinged to the outer side of the lower end of the fuse tube 4. A threaded hole 18 is provided on the side of the slider 14 on the push-pull arm 15. A locking bolt is threaded through the left side of the push-pull arm 15, and the locking bolt is threaded to the threaded hole 18.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, after the equipment is installed, the controller provides positive power to extend the electric push rod 10. The thrust is transmitted through the insulated transmission link 11 to push the push-pull arm 15 forward. The floating execution end of the push-pull arm 15 lifts the fuse tube 4 and engages the upper conductive connector of the fuse tube 4 with the upper stationary contact duckbill cover 9. The bottom buffer component of the push-pull arm 15 buffers the closing impact and reduces contact wear. The contact clamping spring 7 in the upper contact mounting bracket 2 pushes the locking block 6 to clamp the upper stationary contact duckbill cover 9 with the fuse tube 4, stabilizing the conductive circuit and preventing accidental drops caused by vibration. The operator loosens the locking bolt and slides the slider 14. The slider 14 drives the rotating shaft 12 to change the fulcrum distance between the lower contact support base 3 and the push-pull arm 15, thereby adjusting the tripping lever arm to adapt to various fuse tubes 4 and operating conditions, reducing the probability of tripping failure or malfunction.

[0039] The lower contact support base 3 is equipped with a self-lubricating component, which includes a cam 1601. The cam 1601 is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of one end of the rotating shaft 12. A limit frame 1602 is bolted to the side of the upper slider 14 of the lower contact support base 3. An oil reservoir 1603 is provided on one side inside the limit frame 1602. A compression plate 1606 is slidably connected to the other side inside the limit frame 1602. A wedge plate 1604 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the compression plate 1606. The positions of the cam 1601, the wedge plate 1604, and the adjusting plate 1605 are corresponding. The interior of the wedge plate 1604 is hollow. The side of the compression plate 1606 away from the wedge plate 1604 is in contact with the outer surface of the oil reservoir 1603.

[0040] An adjusting plate 1605 is rotatably connected to the inclined opening of the wedge plate 1604. Oil storage boxes 1614 are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper surface of the lower contact support base 3. The oil storage boxes 1614 and the oil storage bladder 1603 are connected through an oil inlet pipe 1612. An oil outlet pipe 1613 is fixedly connected to the side of the oil storage bladder 1603. An oil guide cotton strip 1615 is provided at the end of the oil outlet pipe 1613 away from the oil storage bladder 1603. A one-way valve is installed inside the oil inlet pipe 1612 and the oil outlet pipe 1613. The oil storage bladder 1603 is connected to the inside of the oil outlet pipe 1613. The end of the oil outlet pipe 1613 away from the oil inlet pipe 1612 extends into the inside of the slider 14. The end of the oil guide cotton strip 1615 away from the oil outlet pipe 1613 extends into the bearing position of the rotating shaft 12.

[0041] A drive plate 1607 is connected through the top of the inner wall of the extrusion plate 1606, and a guide rod 1608 is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the drive plate 1607. A moving block 1610 is slidably connected to the lower surface of the adjustment plate 1605, and the moving block 1610 and the opposite surface of the drive plate 1607 are hinged through a movable plate 1609. Guide grooves 1611 are provided on both the left and right sides of the lower contact support base 3 above the slide groove 13. The drive plate 1607 is slidably disposed inside the extrusion plate 1606, and the end of the guide rod 1608 away from the drive plate 1607 is embedded and slidably disposed inside the guide groove 1611. The guide groove 1611 adopts a two-section reverse inclined groove combination structure.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, if there is a line overload, transformer overload, or short circuit fault, the controller reverses the power supply, the electric push rod 10 retracts, and the push-pull arm 15 moves backward via the insulated transmission link 11. The middle section of the push-pull arm 15 drags the hook to pull the locking block 6, overcoming the elasticity of the contact clamping spring 7 to release the upper stationary contact duckbill cover 9 from the fuse tube 4. The fuse tube 4 falls around the rotating shaft 12 by its own weight to isolate the fault. The rotating shaft 12 drives the cam 1601 to squeeze the adjusting plate 1605, pushes the wedge plate 1604 and the squeezing plate 1606 to squeeze the oil reservoir 1603, and the lubricating oil lubricates the rotating shaft 1603 through the oil outlet pipe 1613 and the oil guide cotton strip 1615. 2. Sliding bearing; When the circuit is closed and reset, the cam 1601 is released, and the oil reservoir 1603 rebounds and is replenished with oil from the oil reservoir box 1614 through the oil inlet pipe 1612. The oil inlet pipe 1612 and the oil outlet pipe 1613 are controlled by one-way valves to prevent leakage and blockage. When the slider 14 is adjusted to change the tripping lever arm, the slider 14 is linked to the wedge plate 1604 and the extrusion plate 1606. The guide rod 1608 rises and falls along the guide groove 1611. The tilt angle of the adjusting plate 1605 is adjusted by the drive plate 1607 and the movable plate 1609, which adaptively changes the stroke of the cam 1601 extruding the oil reservoir 1603. The oil supply is increased under heavy load and decreased under light load to adapt to the bearing lubrication requirements.

[0043] The bottom of the push-pull arm 15 is provided with a buffer assembly, which includes two fixed cylinders 1701 and a baffle 1709. The two fixed cylinders 1701 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the push-pull arm 15 by bolts. A shock-absorbing rod 1702 is slidably connected through the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 1701. An adjusting plate 1707 is slidably connected to the upper part of the inside of the fixed cylinder 1701. A buffer spring 1708 is connected between the adjusting plate 1707 and the shock-absorbing rod 1702. The two ends of the buffer spring 1708 are respectively fixed to the opposite sides of the adjusting plate 1707 and the shock-absorbing rod 1702.

[0044] A threaded rod 1705 is connected to a bearing on one side inside the push-pull arm 15. A driven gear 1704 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the upper end of the threaded rod 1705, and a threaded sleeve 1706 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the threaded rod 1705. A rack 1703 is fixedly connected to the front end of the slider 14 on the push-pull arm 15. A baffle 1709 is horizontally fixed to the crossarm on the power distribution line pole. The bottom of the threaded sleeve 1706 extends into the interior of the fixed cylinder 1701. The bottom end of the threaded sleeve 1706 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the adjusting plate 1707 by bolts. The rack 1703 and the driven gear 1704 are positioned correspondingly, and the rack 1703 and the driven gear 1704 are meshed.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, after the locking clamp is completely released, the upper end of the fuse tube 4 loses its limiting constraint and falls downward around the lower end rotating shaft 12 under its own gravity, forming a fault isolation break. During the falling and swinging process of the fuse tube 4, the shock-absorbing rod 1702 at the bottom of the fixed cylinder 1701 swings synchronously with the fuse tube 4 and hits the baffle 1709, causing the shock-absorbing rod 1702 to retract and squeeze the buffer spring 1708. Through the compression and energy absorption of the buffer spring 1708, the large swing of the fuse tube 4 is effectively suppressed, avoiding the high-voltage lead wire to break, the composite insulator 1 to be damaged by impact, and the problem of short-circuit discharge to ground and between phases. The tripping force is adjusted by sliding the slider 14. When the arm is extended, the bottom rack 1703 of the slider 14 moves synchronously and engages with the driven gear 1704 to rotate. The driven gear 1704 drives the coaxial threaded rod 1705 to rotate, causing the threaded sleeve 1706 to drive the adjusting plate 1707 to move vertically, thereby stretching or compressing the buffer spring 1708 and adaptively adjusting the preload and damping stiffness of the buffer spring 1708. When the arm is large and the impact of the drop is strong, the preload of the buffer spring 1708 increases, and the buffering effect is enhanced. When the arm is small and the load is light, the preload of the buffer spring 1708 decreases, and the buffering is more gentle, effectively avoiding the problem of tripping and jamming or insensitive action caused by excessively hard buffering.

[0046] Working principle: When using this integrated mechanical push-pull arm driven drop-out fuse, firstly, the drop-out fuse is installed at an angle on the crossarm of the power distribution line pole. After the initial installation of the equipment, the controller outputs power in the positive direction, and the electric push rod 10 extends outward axially. The output thrust is transmitted horizontally and smoothly through the insulated transmission link 11, thereby pushing the push-pull arm 15 forward. A floating actuator is set at the front end of the push-pull arm 15. During the forward movement of the push-pull arm 15, it flexibly pushes the lower support seat of the fuse tube 4, gradually lifting the fuse tube 4 upward, so that the upper conductive connector of the fuse tube 4 is smoothly locked into the locking buckle of the upper stationary contact duckbill cover 9. At the moment the upper contact engages with the latch, the bottom buffer component of the push-pull arm 15 undergoes flexible compression first, effectively absorbing the rigid impact generated by mechanical pushing, avoiding contact deformation, cracking and wear caused by hard metal impact, and extending the service life of the contact; during the continuous feeding and tightening process of the push-pull arm 15, the contact clamping spring 7 inside the upper contact mounting bracket 2 continuously pushes the latching block 6 forward, so that the upper stationary contact duckbill cover 9 always maintains a constant clamping force on the upper conductive head of the fusion tube 4, effectively reducing contact resistance, ensuring stable conduction of the conductive circuit, and at the same time avoiding loosening and accidental falling caused by equipment vibration, thus improving the long-term operational reliability of outdoor power distribution networks.

[0047] When a power distribution line or transformer experiences prolonged overload, a circuit current continuously exceeding the rated current, or a short-circuit fault, the controller outputs power in reverse. The electric push rod 10 retracts axially and pulls the push-pull arm 15 backward via the insulated transmission link 11. The drag hook in the middle of the push-pull arm 15 moves backward with it, simultaneously pulling the locking block 6 inside the duckbill cover 9 of the upper stationary contact backward, overcoming the pre-tightening force of the contact clamping spring 7, and gradually releasing the duckbill's locking constraint on the upper end of the fuse tube 4. When the lock is fully unlocked, the upper end of the fuse tube 4 loses its clamping limit and, under its own gravity, rapidly rotates downward around the lower rotating shaft 12, achieving fault isolation. During the fall of the fuse tube 4, the shock-absorbing rod 1702 at the bottom of the fixed cylinder 1701 swings with the fuse tube 4 and simultaneously impacts the baffle 1709, causing the shock-absorbing rod 1702 to retract and squeeze the buffer spring 1708, absorbing energy through spring compression. The system absorbs the instantaneous impact energy of the falling fuse tube 4, achieving multi-stage buffering during the fall. This effectively suppresses the large swing of the fuse tube 4, preventing the high-voltage lead wire from being pulled and broken, the composite insulator 1 from being damaged by impact, and short-circuit accidents caused by arc discharge to ground or between phases. As the fuse tube 4 falls and rotates around the lower rotating shaft 12, the rotating shaft 12 simultaneously drives the matching cam 1601 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the cam 1601, it continuously squeezes the adjusting plate 1605 on the wedge plate 1604, forcing the wedge plate 1604 to undergo horizontal displacement, which in turn drives the squeezing plate 1606 to move synchronously and squeeze the oil reservoir 1603. After being compressed, the lubricating grease inside the oil reservoir 1603 is squeezed out unidirectionally through the oil outlet pipe 1613 and evenly penetrates into the friction gap of the sliding bearing of the rotating shaft 12 through the oil guide cotton strip 1615, realizing real-time automatic lubrication of the bearing friction pair, effectively eliminating the hidden dangers of shaft corrosion, dirt accumulation and jamming, and reducing the frequency of maintenance personnel climbing to inject oil.

[0048] When the subsequent equipment is electrically closed again and the fuse tube 4 is lifted upwards, the rotating shaft 12 rotates in the opposite direction. The cam 1601 then releases the squeezing limit on the adjusting plate 1605. The oil reservoir 1603 automatically resets and rebounds due to its own elastic deformation, driving the squeezing plate 1606 and the wedge plate 1604 to reset synchronously. During the reset process, a slight negative pressure is formed inside the oil reservoir 1603. The lubricating grease is automatically drawn from the oil reservoir box 1614 through the oil inlet pipe 1612 to complete the automatic oil replenishment and storage. Both the oil inlet pipe 1612 and the oil outlet pipe 1613 are equipped with a one-way valve structure, which can strictly limit the flow of lubricating oil and avoid problems such as grease turbulence, back suction, leakage, and dust accumulation. This ensures that the oil circuit is clean and unobstructed for a long time and is suitable for outdoor environments with sand, dust, rain and snow.

[0049] On-site, the effective tripping lever arm can be manually adjusted according to the specifications of the fuse tube 4, the aging degree of the equipment, and the line load conditions. During adjustment, the staff loosens the locking bolts with tools to release the limit constraint of the slider 14, and adjusts the position of the slider 14 by sliding it back and forth according to the actual working conditions. During the movement of the slider 14, the rotating shaft 12 is simultaneously driven to move horizontally, changing the distance between the force support points of the rotating shaft 12 and the lower contact support base 3 and the push-pull arm 15, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the effective tripping lever arm length, adapt to the tripping torque requirements of light and heavy fuse tubes 4, new and old equipment, and different resistance conditions, and avoid the tripping being too weak to fall or the tripping being too sensitive and malfunctioning.

[0050] While the slider 14 slides back and forth to adjust the lever arm, it simultaneously drives the wedge plate 1604 and the extrusion plate 1606 to move as a whole. The guide rod 1608 on the extrusion plate 1606 is limited and assembled inside the guide groove 1611. The guide groove 1611 adopts a two-section reverse inclined groove combination structure. While the guide rod 1608 moves horizontally with the extrusion plate 1606, it is subjected to the extrusion action of the inclined groove to generate vertical lifting displacement. The guide rod 1608 further drives the drive plate 1607 to move vertically, so that the hinged movable plate 1609 is linked to push and pull the adjustment plate 1605 to change the tilt angle, thereby accurately changing the effective extrusion stroke and extrusion force of the cam 1601 on the oil reservoir 1603 when it rotates. This achieves the following: the large lever arm automatically increases the single oil injection volume under heavy load conditions, and the small lever arm automatically decreases the oil injection volume under light load conditions, so as to achieve the adaptive matching of lubrication force with working conditions, and the grease supply is matched with the friction loss of the rotating shaft, avoiding dry grinding due to lack of oil or excessive grease overflow.

[0051] While the slider 14 slides horizontally to adjust the lever arm, the rack 1703 integrated at the bottom of the slider 14 moves horizontally in sync. The rack 1703 meshes with and drives the driven gear 1704 to rotate, which in turn drives the coaxial threaded rod 1705 to rotate synchronously. The threaded rod 1705 drives the threaded sleeve 1706 to rise and fall vertically, which in turn drives the adjusting plate 1707 to move up and down, thereby stretching or compressing the buffer spring 1708 and precisely changing the initial preload and damping stiffness of the buffer spring 1708. When the lever arm is increased and the tripping pull force and drop impact force increase, the preload of the buffer spring 1708 increases synchronously, and the damping automatically strengthens to adapt to heavy-load and high-impact conditions. When the lever arm is decreased and the tripping load is smaller, the preload of the buffer spring 1708 decreases automatically, and the damping becomes softer to avoid excessively stiff buffering that could cause tripping jamming and insensitive operation.

[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive, comprising a composite insulator (1), wherein an upper contact mounting bracket (2) and a lower contact support base (3) are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the composite insulator (1), and a locking block (6) is installed inside the upper contact mounting bracket (2), and a transmission push rod (8) is fixedly installed through one side inside the upper contact mounting bracket (2), and a contact clamping spring (7) is sleeved on the outside of the transmission push rod (8), and an upper stationary contact duckbill cover (9) is provided inside the upper contact mounting bracket (2) below the locking block (6); Its features are: It also includes an electric push rod (10), which is horizontally fixed to the crossarm on the power distribution line pole, and the output end of the electric push rod (10) is fixed with an insulated transmission link (11). The lower contact support base (3) has a lower hanging ear locking block (5) mounted on the front end of the mounting ear through the central rotating shaft, and a fusible tube (4) is rotatably hinged above the lower hanging ear locking block (5). The lower contact support base (3) is connected to a push-pull arm (15) on the outside, and the inner side of the push-pull arm (15) and the left and right sides of the lower contact support base (3) are provided with sliding grooves (13). The inner wall of the sliding groove (13) is slidably connected to a slider (14), and a rotating shaft (12) is connected between the two sliders (14) by a bearing. The lower contact support base (3) is provided with a self-lubricating component, and the bottom of the push-pull arm (15) is provided with a buffer component.

2. The drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the insulating transmission link (11) away from the electric push rod (10) is hinged to the lug on the push-pull arm (15), and the inner side of the push-pull arm (15) is hinged to the outer side of the lower end of the molten tube (4).

3. The drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threaded hole (18) is provided on the side of the slider (14) on the push-pull arm (15). A locking bolt is threaded through the left side of the push-pull arm (15), and the locking bolt and the threaded hole (18) are threaded together.

4. A drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-lubricating component includes a cam (1601), which is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of one end of the rotating shaft (12). A limit frame (1602) is bolted to the side of the slider (14) on the lower contact support base (3). An oil reservoir (1603) is provided on one side inside the limit frame (1602). A pressure plate (1606) is slidably connected to the other side inside the limit frame (1602). A wedge plate (1604) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the pressure plate (1606). An adjusting plate (1605) is rotatably connected to the inclined opening of the wedge plate (1604). Oil storage boxes (1614) are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the upper surface of the lower contact support base (3). The oil storage box (1614) and the oil storage bladder (1603) are connected through an oil inlet pipe (1612). An oil outlet pipe (1613) is fixedly connected to the side of the oil storage bladder (1603). An oil guide cotton strip (1615) is provided at the end of the oil outlet pipe (1613) away from the oil storage bladder (1603). A one-way valve is installed inside both the oil inlet pipe (1612) and the oil outlet pipe (1613).

5. A drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cam (1601) is positioned corresponding to the wedge plate (1604) and the adjusting plate (1605). The wedge plate (1604) has a hollow interior. The side of the extrusion plate (1606) away from the wedge plate (1604) is in contact with the outer surface of the oil reservoir (1603). The oil reservoir (1603) is connected to the inside of the oil outlet pipe (1613). The end of the oil outlet pipe (1613) away from the oil inlet pipe (1612) extends into the inside of the slider (14). The end of the oil guide cotton strip (1615) away from the oil outlet pipe (1613) extends into the bearing position of the rotating shaft (12).

6. A drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive according to claim 4, characterized in that: A drive plate (1607) is connected through the top of the inner wall of the extrusion plate (1606), and a guide rod (1608) is fixedly connected above the right side of the drive plate (1607). A moving block (1610) is slidably connected to the lower surface of the adjustment plate (1605), and the moving block (1610) and the opposite surface of the drive plate (1607) are hinged by a movable plate (1609). Guide grooves (1611) are provided on both the left and right sides of the lower contact support base (3) above the slide groove (13).

7. A drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drive plate (1607) is slidably disposed inside the extrusion plate (1606), and the end of the guide rod (1608) away from the drive plate (1607) is embedded and slidably disposed inside the guide groove (1611), which adopts a two-section reverse inclined groove combination structure.

8. A drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly includes two fixed cylinders (1701) and a baffle (1709). The two fixed cylinders (1701) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the push-pull arm (15) by bolts. A shock-absorbing rod (1702) is slidably connected through the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (1701). An adjusting plate (1707) is slidably connected to the upper part of the inside of the fixed cylinder (1701). A buffer spring (1708) is connected between the adjusting plate (1707) and the shock-absorbing rod (1702). The two ends of the buffer spring (1708) are respectively fixed to the opposite sides of the adjusting plate (1707) and the shock-absorbing rod (1702). The push-pull arm (15) has a threaded rod (1705) connected to a bearing on one side, and a driven gear (1704) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the upper end of the threaded rod (1705). A threaded sleeve (1706) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the threaded rod (1705). A rack (1703) is fixedly connected to the front end of the slider (14) on the push-pull arm (15). The baffle (1709) is horizontally fixed to the crossarm on the power distribution line pole.

9. A drop-out fuse with integrated mechanical push-pull arm drive according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the threaded sleeve (1706) extends into the interior of the fixed cylinder (1701). The bottom end of the threaded sleeve (1706) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the adjusting plate (1707) by bolts. The rack (1703) and the driven gear (1704) are positioned correspondingly, and the rack (1703) and the driven gear (1704) are meshed.

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