Solid oxide fuel cell system and control method thereof
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611209940.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-08-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
AI Technical Summary
但是阳极尾气中含有大量水蒸气，导致进入电堆的燃料浓度降低，影响发电系统的发电效率
[0015]应当理解，本部分所描述的内容并非旨在标识本发明的实施例的关键或重要特征，也不用于限制本发明的范围。本发明的其它特征将通过以下的说明书而变得容易理解。
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Figure CN123018023A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid oxide fuel cell technology, and in particular to a solid oxide fuel cell system and its control method. Background Technology
[0002] Solid oxide fuel cells (SOCs) offer high power generation efficiency, low pollutant emissions, and the ability to directly utilize various hydrocarbon fuels such as natural gas, biomass gas, and coal gasification gas. Compared to other fuel cells, they boast advantages such as high efficiency, a wide range of fuels, and the elimination of the need for precious metal electrodes. However, the anode exhaust gas of SOCs contains a certain amount of fuel, necessitating further utilization to improve efficiency. Unfortunately, the anode exhaust gas contains a significant amount of water vapor, reducing the fuel concentration entering the stack and impacting the power generation efficiency. Simultaneously, the increased power consumption due to the power unit necessitates further optimization of load power consumption to enhance system efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This invention provides a solid oxide fuel cell system and its control method. By connecting a first stack module and a second stack module in series, the second anode exhaust gas generated by the second stack module continues to serve as the fuel source for the first stack module. The first controller can also determine the rotation speed of the radiator based on the relationship between the actual value of the water-to-carbon ratio and a first threshold, thereby adjusting the water-to-carbon ratio of the fuel entering the second stack module. This ensures the required water content of the system while increasing the fuel concentration, thereby improving the system's power generation efficiency.
[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a solid oxide fuel cell system is provided, characterized in that it comprises: a first stack module, a second stack module, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a condenser, a first controller, and a radiator; The first end of the first heat exchanger receives external gas, and the second end of the first heat exchanger is connected to the first end of the first fuel cell stack module; the first heat exchanger is used to heat the gas and then transmit it to the first fuel cell stack module. The second end of the first fuel cell stack module is connected to the first end of the second heat exchanger, and the first fuel cell stack module transmits the first anode exhaust gas generated during operation to the first end of the condenser through the second heat exchanger; the second end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the first end of the condenser, and the third end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the first end of the second fuel cell stack module; the second end of the second fuel cell stack module is connected to the first end of the first heat exchanger, and the second fuel cell stack module transmits the second anode exhaust gas generated during operation to the first heat exchanger. The second end of the condenser is connected to the first end of the radiator, the third end of the condenser is connected to the second end of the radiator, and the fourth end of the condenser is connected to the fourth end of the second heat exchanger; the condenser is used to cool the first anode tail gas and generate liquid water. The radiator is used to dissipate heat from the coolant flowing through the condenser in order to regulate the cooling temperature of the condenser; The first terminal of the first controller is communicatively connected to the fourth terminal of the condenser, and the second terminal of the first controller is communicatively connected to the control terminal of the radiator. The first controller is used to obtain the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode tail gas after it has been treated by the condenser, and to control the rotation speed of the radiator according to the relationship between the water-to-carbon ratio and a first threshold, so as to adjust the amount of water vapor condensed by the condenser in the first anode tail gas.
[0005] Optionally, a circulating pump may also be included; The first end of the circulating pump is connected to the second end of the second fuel cell stack module, and the second end of the circulating pump is connected to the first end of the first heat exchanger. The circulation pump is used to provide power for the circulation of the exhaust gas from the second anode.
[0006] Optionally, a second controller may also be included; The first terminal of the second controller is communicatively connected to the second terminal of the first heat exchanger, and the second terminal of the second controller is communicatively connected to the control terminal of the circulating pump. The second controller is used to obtain the water-to-carbon ratio in the fuel entering the first fuel cell module, and adjust the rotation speed of the circulation pump according to the relationship between the water-to-carbon ratio and a second threshold.
[0007] Optionally, a burner may also be included; The first end of the burner is connected to the second end of the second fuel cell stack module, and the second end of the burner is connected to the third end of the first heat exchanger. The burner is used to burn the second anode exhaust gas and generate high-temperature flue gas; the high-temperature flue gas flows through the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with the external gas.
[0008] Optionally, an anode cooler may also be included; The first end of the anode cooler is connected to the second end of the second fuel cell module, and the second end of the anode cooler is connected to the circulating pump. The anode cooler is used to cool the exhaust gas from the second anode.
[0009] Optionally, a cooling water pump may also be included; The first end of the cooling water pump is connected to the second end of the radiator, and the second end of the cooling water pump is connected to the third end of the condenser. The cooling water pump is used to power the coolant.
[0010] Optionally, a first temperature sensor may also be included; The detection end of the first temperature sensor is located at the second end of the cooling water pump; the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the coolant flowing into the condenser.
[0011] Optionally, a second temperature sensor may also be included; The detection end of the second temperature sensor is located at the second end of the anode cooler, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the second anode exhaust gas.
[0012] Optionally, a water tank may also be included; The water tank is connected to the fourth end of the condenser; the water tank is used to collect and drain excess liquid water from the condenser.
[0013] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a control method for a solid oxide fuel cell system is provided for executing any solid oxide fuel cell system described in the first aspect of the present invention, the control method comprising: Obtain the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode tail gas after condenser treatment; When the water-to-carbon ratio is greater than the first threshold, the rotation speed of the radiator is increased to increase the amount of water vapor condensed in the first anode tail gas. When the water-to-carbon ratio is less than or equal to the first threshold, the rotation speed of the radiator is reduced to decrease the amount of water vapor condensed in the first anode exhaust gas.
[0014] This invention discloses a solid oxide fuel cell system and its control method, comprising: a first fuel cell stack module, a second fuel cell stack module, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a condenser, a first controller, and a radiator; a first end of the first heat exchanger receives external fuel gas, and a second end of the first heat exchanger is connected to a first end of the first fuel cell stack module; the first heat exchanger heats the fuel gas and then transmits it to the first fuel cell stack module; the second end of the first fuel cell stack module is connected to the first end of the second heat exchanger, and the first fuel cell stack module transmits the first anode exhaust gas generated during operation to a first end of the condenser through the second heat exchanger; the second end of the second heat exchanger is connected to a first end of the condenser, and a third end of the second heat exchanger is connected to a first end of the second fuel cell stack module; the second end of the second fuel cell stack module is connected to the first end of the first heat exchanger, and the first... The second fuel cell stack module transmits the second anode exhaust gas generated during operation to the first heat exchanger; the second end of the condenser is connected to the first end of the radiator, the third end of the condenser is connected to the second end of the radiator, and the fourth end of the condenser is connected to the fourth end of the second heat exchanger; the condenser is used to cool the first anode exhaust gas and generate liquid water; the radiator is used to dissipate heat from the coolant flowing through the condenser to regulate the cooling temperature of the condenser; the first end of the first controller is communicatively connected to the fourth end of the condenser, and the second end of the first controller is communicatively connected to the control end of the radiator; the first controller is used to obtain the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode exhaust gas after treatment by the condenser, and control the rotation speed of the radiator according to the relationship between the water-to-carbon ratio and a first threshold to regulate the amount of water vapor condensed by the condenser in the first anode exhaust gas. The fuel cell system provided by this invention uses a first stack module and a second stack module connected in series. The second anode exhaust gas generated by the second stack module continues to serve as the fuel source for the first stack module. The first controller can also determine the rotation speed of the radiator based on the relationship between the actual value of the water-to-carbon ratio and a first threshold, thereby adjusting the water-to-carbon ratio of the fuel entering the second stack module. This ensures that the required water content of the system is met while minimizing the water vapor content, thereby increasing the fuel concentration and improving the system's power generation efficiency.
[0015] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a solid oxide fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a control method for a solid oxide fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0019] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.
[0020] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a solid oxide fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 1 Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are high-temperature fuel cells that directly convert the chemical energy in fuel into electrical energy. They operate under high-temperature conditions and are characterized by high power generation efficiency, strong fuel adaptability, and low emissions.
[0022] This invention provides a solid oxide fuel cell system, comprising: a first stack module 1, a second stack module 2, a first heat exchanger 3, a second heat exchanger 4, a condenser 5, a first controller 6, and a radiator 7; The first end of the first heat exchanger 3 receives external gas, and the second end of the first heat exchanger 3 is connected to the first end of the first fuel cell stack module 1. The first heat exchanger 3 heats the gas and then transmits it to the first fuel cell stack module 1. The second end of the first fuel cell stack module 1 is connected to the first end of the second heat exchanger 4, and the first fuel cell stack module 1 transmits the first anode exhaust gas generated during operation to the first end of the condenser 5 through the second heat exchanger 4. The second end of the second heat exchanger 4 is connected to the first end of the condenser 5, and the third end of the second heat exchanger 4 is connected to the first end of the second fuel cell stack module 2. The second end of the second fuel cell stack module 2 is connected to the first end of the first heat exchanger 3, and the second fuel cell stack module 2 transmits the second anode exhaust gas generated during operation to the first heat exchanger 3. The second end of the condenser 5... The condenser 5 is connected to the first end of the radiator 7, the third end of the condenser 5 is connected to the second end of the radiator 7, and the fourth end of the condenser 5 is connected to the fourth end of the second heat exchanger 4. The condenser 5 is used to cool the first anode tail gas and generate liquid water. The radiator 7 is used to dissipate heat from the coolant flowing through the condenser 5 to regulate the cooling temperature of the condenser 5. The first end of the first controller 6 is communicatively connected to the fourth end of the condenser 5, and the second end of the first controller 6 is communicatively connected to the control end of the radiator 7. The first controller 6 is used to obtain the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode tail gas after it has been treated by the condenser 5, and to control the rotation speed of the radiator 7 according to the relationship between the water-to-carbon ratio and a first threshold value to regulate the amount of water vapor condensed by the condenser 5 in the first anode tail gas.
[0023] Specifically, this embodiment of the invention provides a solid oxide fuel cell system in which a first stack module 1 and a second stack module 2 are connected in series. The first stack module 1 and the second stack module 2 receive fuel gas and air and carry out an electrochemical reaction to realize the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy. During the power generation process, the stack generates heat and anode exhaust gas. The anode exhaust gas can be further used for secondary power generation and combustion recovery. The first end of the first heat exchanger 3 receives external gas, and the second end of the first heat exchanger 3 is connected to the first end of the first fuel cell module 1. The first heat exchanger 3 is used to heat the gas and then transmit it to the first fuel cell module 1. For example, the first heat exchanger 3 transfers the high temperature in the high-temperature tail gas of the second anode generated by the second fuel cell module 2 to the gas at normal temperature (e.g., 20°C) to achieve heating of the gas. The second end of the first fuel cell stack module 1 is connected to the first end of the second heat exchanger 4. The first fuel cell stack module 1 transmits the first anode exhaust gas generated during operation to the first end of the condenser 5 through the second heat exchanger 4. The first fuel cell stack module 1 reacts with the heated fuel gas to generate the first anode exhaust gas, which is then transmitted to the condenser 5 through the second heat exchanger 4. Similarly, the second heat exchanger 4 exchanges heat between the fuel gas and the first anode exhaust gas (here, due to the reaction of the first fuel cell stack module 1, the first anode exhaust gas is also a high-temperature gas) and transmits it to the condenser 5. The third end of the second heat exchanger 4 is connected to the first end of the second fuel cell stack module 2. The second end of the second fuel cell stack module 2 is connected to the first end of the first heat exchanger 3. The second fuel cell stack module 2 transmits the second anode exhaust gas generated during operation to the first heat exchanger 3 to achieve efficient utilization of the second anode exhaust gas. The second anode exhaust gas generated by the second fuel cell stack module 2 is transmitted to the first heat exchanger 3 to continue providing fuel supply to the first fuel cell stack module 1. The second end of condenser 5 is connected to the first end of radiator 7, the third end of condenser 5 is connected to the second end of radiator 7, and the fourth end of condenser 5 is connected to the fourth end of second heat exchanger 4. Condenser 5 is used to cool the tail gas from the first anode and generate liquid water to adjust the water-to-carbon ratio. The radiator 7 is used to dissipate heat from the coolant flowing through the condenser 5 in order to regulate the cooling temperature of the condenser 5; thereby indirectly affecting the water-to-carbon ratio of the fuel flowing into the second fuel cell module 2. The first controller 6 is used to obtain the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode tail gas after being processed by the condenser 5, and to control the rotation speed of the radiator 7 according to the relationship between the water-to-carbon ratio and the first threshold, so as to adjust the amount of water vapor condensed by the condenser 5 in the first anode tail gas. Understandably, when the first controller 6 detects that the actual water-to-carbon ratio is greater than the first threshold, it controls the radiator 7 to increase its rotation speed, which in turn lowers the temperature of the condenser 5, increases the amount of water vapor condensed in the first anode tail gas, and reduces the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode tail gas after treatment by the condenser 5. When the first controller 6 detects that the actual water-to-carbon ratio is less than or equal to the first threshold, it controls the radiator 7 to decrease its rotation speed, raises the temperature of the condenser 5, reduces the amount of water vapor condensed in the first anode tail gas, and increases the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode tail gas after treatment by the condenser 5.
[0024] The solid oxide fuel cell system provided by this invention uses a first stack module and a second stack module connected in series. The second anode exhaust gas generated by the second stack module continues to serve as the fuel source for the first stack module. The first controller can also determine the rotation speed of the radiator based on the relationship between the actual value of the water-to-carbon ratio and a first threshold, thereby adjusting the water-to-carbon ratio of the fuel entering the second stack. This ensures that the required water content of the system is met while minimizing the water vapor content, thereby increasing the fuel concentration ratio and improving the system's power generation efficiency.
[0025] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The solid oxide fuel cell system provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes a circulation pump 8; The first end of the circulating pump 8 is connected to the second end of the second fuel cell module 2, and the second end of the circulating pump 8 is connected to the first end of the first heat exchanger 3; the circulating pump 8 is used to provide power for the circulation of the second anode tail gas.
[0026] Specifically, by adjusting the rotational speed of the circulating pump 8, the water-to-carbon ratio of the fuel transmitted to the first fuel cell stack module 1 is affected; As the rotational speed of the circulating pump 8 increases, the amount of second anode exhaust gas returning to the first fuel cell stack module 1 increases. Since the second anode exhaust gas contains water vapor, the water vapor content in the fuel entering the first fuel cell stack module 1 increases, thereby increasing the water-to-carbon ratio in the fuel entering the first fuel cell stack module 1. As the rotational speed of the circulating pump 8 decreases, the amount of second anode exhaust gas returning to the first fuel cell stack module 1 decreases, the water vapor content in the fuel entering the first fuel cell stack module 1 decreases, thereby decreasing the water-to-carbon ratio in the fuel entering the first fuel cell stack module 1.
[0027] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The solid oxide fuel cell system provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes a second controller 9; The second controller 9 is used to obtain the water-to-carbon ratio in the fuel entering the first fuel cell module 1, and adjust the rotation speed of the circulating pump 8 according to the relationship between the water-to-carbon ratio and the second threshold.
[0028] Specifically, similar to the principle of the first controller 6, when the second controller 9 detects that the actual value of the water-to-carbon ratio in the fuel entering the first fuel cell stack module 1 is less than or equal to the second threshold, it increases the speed of the circulation pump 8, increasing the amount of second anode exhaust gas returning to the first fuel cell stack module 1. Since the second anode exhaust gas contains water vapor, the water vapor content in the fuel entering the first fuel cell stack module 1 increases, thereby increasing the water-to-carbon ratio in the fuel entering the first fuel cell stack module 1. When the second controller 9 detects that the actual value of the water-to-carbon ratio in the fuel entering the first fuel cell stack module 1 is greater than the second threshold, it decreases the speed of the circulation pump 8, decreasing the amount of second anode exhaust gas returning to the first fuel cell stack module 1. Since the second anode exhaust gas contains water vapor, the water vapor content in the fuel entering the first fuel cell stack module 1 decreases, thereby decreasing the water-to-carbon ratio in the fuel entering the first fuel cell stack module 1.
[0029] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The solid oxide fuel cell system provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes a burner 10; The first end of the burner 10 is connected to the second end of the second fuel cell module 2, and the second end of the burner 10 is connected to the third end of the first heat exchanger 3. The burner 10 is used to burn the exhaust gas from the second anode and generate high-temperature flue gas; the high-temperature flue gas flows through the first heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with the external gas.
[0030] Specifically, the burner 10 is used to receive the second anode exhaust gas discharged from the second fuel cell module 2 and to burn the combustible components in the second anode exhaust gas. Since the second anode exhaust gas still contains combustible gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane, combustion by the burner 10 can release the remaining chemical energy in the second anode exhaust gas; the burner 10 is connected to the first heat exchanger 3, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the burner 10 flows through the first heat exchanger 3 and exchanges heat with the fuel entering the system to increase the fuel temperature.
[0031] By utilizing the residual chemical energy in the tail gas of the second anode to preheat the fuel, the system's demand for external heat sources can be reduced, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the system.
[0032] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The solid oxide fuel cell system provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes an anode cooler 11; The first end of the anode cooler 11 is connected to the second end of the second fuel cell stack module 2, and the second end of the anode cooler 11 is connected to the circulating pump 8; The anode cooler 11 is used to cool the tail gas from the second anode.
[0033] Specifically, the anode cooler 11 is located between the second fuel cell stack module 2 and the circulating pump 8 to cool the second anode tail gas discharged from the second fuel cell stack module 2. Since the second anode tail gas discharged from the second fuel cell stack module 2 has a high temperature, the anode cooler 11 cools it by exchanging heat, reducing its temperature to meet the operating temperature requirements of the circulating pump 8. The cooled second anode tail gas then enters the circulating pump 8, where it is transported to the first heat exchanger 3 and re-enters the system to participate in the reaction.
[0034] By installing the anode cooler 11, the heat load in the circulation loop can be reduced, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the circulation pump 8.
[0035] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The solid oxide fuel cell system provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes a cooling water pump 12; The first end of the cooling water pump 12 is connected to the second end of the radiator 7, and the second end of the cooling water pump 12 is connected to the third end of the condenser 5. Cooling water pump 12 is used to power the coolant.
[0036] Specifically, the cooling water pump 12 is installed in the coolant circulation loop to drive the coolant to circulate between the radiator 7 and the condenser 5.
[0037] By setting up a cooling water pump 12, the coolant can be continuously flowed through the condenser 5, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser 5 and enabling the condenser 5 to effectively condense the water vapor in the tail gas of the first anode, so as to maintain the stable operation of the system.
[0038] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The solid oxide fuel cell system provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes a first temperature sensor 13; The detection end of the first temperature sensor 13 is located at the second end of the cooling water pump 12; the first temperature sensor 13 is used to detect the temperature of the coolant flowing into the condenser 5.
[0039] Specifically, the first temperature sensor 13 is positioned between the cooling water pump 12 and the condenser 5 to detect the temperature of the coolant entering the condenser 5. Since the coolant temperature affects the heat exchange capacity of the condenser, the coolant temperature detected by the first temperature sensor can reflect the cooling status of the condenser.
[0040] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The solid oxide fuel cell system provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes a second temperature sensor 14; The detection end of the second temperature sensor 14 is located at the second end of the anode cooler 11, and the second temperature sensor 14 is used to detect the temperature of the second anode exhaust gas.
[0041] Specifically, the second temperature sensor 14 is located between the anode cooler 11 and the circulating pump 8 to detect the temperature of the second anode exhaust gas after being cooled by the anode cooler 11. Since the second anode exhaust gas discharged from the second fuel cell module 2 has a high temperature, the temperature of the second anode exhaust gas is reduced to a range that matches the operating temperature of the circulating pump 8 after being cooled by the anode cooler 11.
[0042] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The solid oxide fuel cell system provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes a water tank 15; Water tank 15 is connected to the fourth end of condenser 5; water tank 15 is used to collect and drain excess liquid water from condenser 5.
[0043] Specifically, the water tank 15 is connected to the fourth end of the condenser 5 to collect and discharge excess liquid water condensed by the condenser 5.
[0044] Based on the same inventive concept Figure 2This is a flowchart of a control method for a solid oxide fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The present invention also provides a control method for a solid oxide fuel cell system, used to execute the solid oxide fuel cell system in any of the above embodiments of the invention. The control method includes: S101. Obtain the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode tail gas after it has been treated by the condenser.
[0045] Specifically, the actual water-to-carbon ratio is calculated based on the detected water vapor content and carbon content; the first threshold is determined based on the requirements of the fuel cell stack and the system operating conditions. This embodiment of the invention does not limit this, for example, it can be a water vapor concentration analyzer, a gas component analyzer, etc.
[0046] S102. When the water-to-carbon ratio is greater than the first threshold, increase the rotation speed of the radiator to increase the amount of water vapor condensed in the tail gas of the first anode.
[0047] Specifically, when the first controller detects that the actual water-to-carbon ratio is greater than the first threshold, it controls the radiator speed to increase, the corresponding condenser temperature to decrease, the amount of water vapor condensed in the first anode tail gas to increase, and the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode tail gas after treatment by the condenser to decrease.
[0048] S103. When the water-to-carbon ratio is less than or equal to the first threshold, reduce the rotation speed of the radiator to reduce the amount of water vapor condensed in the first anode tail gas.
[0049] Specifically, when the first controller detects that the actual water-to-carbon ratio is less than or equal to the first threshold, it controls the radiator speed to decrease, the condenser temperature to increase, the amount of water vapor condensed in the first anode tail gas to decrease, and the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode tail gas after treatment by the condenser to increase.
[0050] The control method for a solid oxide fuel cell system provided in this embodiment of the invention can achieve the same technical effects as the solid oxide fuel cell system provided in the above-described embodiments of the invention, and will not be repeated here.
[0051] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.
Claims
1. A solid oxide fuel cell system, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a first fuel cell stack module, a second fuel cell stack module, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a condenser, a first controller, and a radiator. The first end of the first heat exchanger receives external gas, and the second end of the first heat exchanger is connected to the first end of the first fuel cell stack module; the first heat exchanger is used to heat the gas and then transmit it to the first fuel cell stack module. The second end of the first fuel cell stack module is connected to the first end of the second heat exchanger, and the first fuel cell stack module transmits the first anode exhaust gas generated during operation to the first end of the condenser through the second heat exchanger; the second end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the first end of the condenser, and the third end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the first end of the second fuel cell stack module; the second end of the second fuel cell stack module is connected to the first end of the first heat exchanger, and the second fuel cell stack module transmits the second anode exhaust gas generated during operation to the first heat exchanger. The second end of the condenser is connected to the first end of the radiator, the third end of the condenser is connected to the second end of the radiator, and the fourth end of the condenser is connected to the fourth end of the second heat exchanger. The condenser is used to cool the tail gas from the first anode and to produce liquid water; The radiator is used to dissipate heat from the coolant flowing through the condenser in order to regulate the cooling temperature of the condenser; The first terminal of the first controller is communicatively connected to the fourth terminal of the condenser, and the second terminal of the first controller is communicatively connected to the control terminal of the radiator. The first controller is used to obtain the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode tail gas after it has been treated by the condenser, and to control the rotation speed of the radiator according to the relationship between the water-to-carbon ratio and a first threshold, so as to adjust the amount of water vapor condensed by the condenser in the first anode tail gas.
2. The solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a circulating pump; The first end of the circulating pump is connected to the second end of the second fuel cell stack module, and the second end of the circulating pump is connected to the first end of the first heat exchanger. The circulation pump is used to provide power for the circulation of the exhaust gas from the second anode.
3. The solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a second controller; The first terminal of the second controller is communicatively connected to the second terminal of the first heat exchanger, and the second terminal of the second controller is communicatively connected to the control terminal of the circulating pump. The second controller is used to obtain the water-to-carbon ratio in the fuel entering the first fuel cell module, and adjust the rotation speed of the circulation pump according to the relationship between the water-to-carbon ratio and a second threshold.
4. The solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the burner; The first end of the burner is connected to the second end of the second fuel cell stack module, and the second end of the burner is connected to the third end of the first heat exchanger. The burner is used to burn the second-stage anode exhaust gas and generate high-temperature flue gas; the high-temperature flue gas flows through the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with the external gas.
5. The solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an anode cooler; The first end of the anode cooler is connected to the second end of the second fuel cell module, and the second end of the anode cooler is connected to the circulating pump. The anode cooler is used to cool the exhaust gas from the second anode.
6. The solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes cooling water pumps; The first end of the cooling water pump is connected to the second end of the radiator, and the second end of the cooling water pump is connected to the third end of the condenser. The cooling water pump is used to power the coolant.
7. The solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a first temperature sensor; The detection end of the first temperature sensor is located at the second end of the cooling water pump; the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the coolant flowing into the condenser.
8. The solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a second temperature sensor; The detection end of the second temperature sensor is located at the second end of the anode cooler, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the second anode exhaust gas.
9. The solid oxide fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a water tank; The water tank is connected to the fourth end of the condenser; the water tank is used to collect and discharge excess liquid water from the condenser.
10. A control method for a solid oxide fuel cell system, characterized in that, For implementing the solid oxide fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the control method includes: Obtain the water-to-carbon ratio in the first anode tail gas after condenser treatment; When the water-to-carbon ratio is greater than the first threshold, the rotation speed of the radiator is increased to increase the amount of water vapor condensed in the first anode tail gas. When the water-to-carbon ratio is less than or equal to the first threshold, the rotation speed of the radiator is reduced to decrease the amount of water vapor condensed in the first anode exhaust gas.