High-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment for waste battery recycling

Abstract

The application discloses a high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment for waste battery recycling and processing, and belongs to the field of waste battery recycling and solid waste resource processing, which comprises a hollow cylinder, a first supporting part and a second supporting part rotatably connected with two ends of the hollow cylinder, and a feeding part arranged in the second supporting part; further comprising a driving part located below the hollow cylinder, a gear ring fixed to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder and engaged with the driving part for transmission; an annular baffle is arranged in the hollow cylinder, two independent inner cavities are arranged in the fixed shaft body, the inner part of the cylinder is divided into a preheating and electrolyte removing area and a high-temperature pyrolysis area, and partitioned suction is performed through a rotary joint and a negative pressure suction part. This effectively realizes the spatial independent collection of low-boiling-point solvent vapor and high-boiling-point polymer cracking gas, blocks the flow path of heavy tar to the low-temperature area, and prevents the adhesion and coking caused by the combination of heavy tar condensation and fine powder when meeting cold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste battery recycling and solid waste resource utilization, and more specifically, to a high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis device for waste battery recycling and processing. Background Technology

[0002] Waste battery recycling refers to the collection, dismantling, crushing, physical sorting, and thermochemical treatment of various secondary batteries (such as waste lithium-ion batteries) that have lost their original use value. The aim is to safely eliminate residual electrical energy and harmful components, and maximize the extraction of valuable metals (such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium) and carbon materials such as graphite.

[0003] High-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment refers to a continuous heat treatment device that uses an external heat source to indirectly or directly heat waste materials in a closed high-temperature environment without oxygen, in the absence of oxygen, or filled with inert protective gas, so as to cause the organic polymer components in solid waste (such as electrolyte solvent, separator, PVDF binder, etc. in batteries) to break thermochemical bonds and convert them into combustible gas, tar or small molecule organic gas.

[0004] In existing waste battery recycling processes, externally heated rotary kilns are typically used as pyrolysis equipment. The crushed waste battery particles are propelled from the feed end to the discharge end within the rotating cylinder. Through multiple independent heating zones configured on the outside of the cylinder, temperature gradient control is achieved, thereby allowing organic components with different boiling points to be heated and vaporized stepwise.

[0005] However, existing rotary pyrolysis equipment suffers from a significant technical problem during operation: Because the equipment typically employs a single-chamber integrated pipe for centralized gas extraction, during pyrolysis, the high-boiling-point heavy tar gas generated in the high-temperature pyrolysis section (generally 550℃~650℃) easily flows towards the lower-temperature preheating section (generally 200℃~300℃) under the influence of gas phase pressure and temperature convection. When this gaseous heavy tar comes into contact with the low-temperature pipe wall in the front-end low-temperature zone or with unheated waste battery black powder particles, it rapidly condenses and adheres to the fine powder, forming large areas of coked hard shells or solid-liquid-gas mixed agglomerates on the inner wall of the cylinder, the outer wall of the shaft, and the surface of the extraction channel. This not only clogs the extraction channel and reduces heat transfer efficiency but also hinders the smooth transport of materials. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis device for recycling and processing waste batteries.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0008] A high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis device for recycling and processing waste batteries includes a hollow cylinder, a first support part and a second support part respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the hollow cylinder, and a feeding part disposed in the second support part.

[0009] It also includes a drive unit located below the hollow cylinder and a gear ring fixed to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder and meshing with the drive unit for transmission;

[0010] The hollow cylinder is also equipped with a gradient temperature control component, which includes a shaft located inside the hollow cylinder and fixed at both ends to the first support and the second support respectively; two inner cavities independently opened inside the shaft for separating low-boiling-point solvent vapor and high-boiling-point polymer cracking gas during the solid material processing of waste batteries; two sets of gas passage holes opened outside the shaft and connected to the two inner cavities; an annular baffle fixed outside the shaft and attached to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder; a material passage cavity opened at the lower end of the annular baffle; a rotary joint fixed to one side of the first support and connected to one inner cavity; and a negative pressure suction part fixed to one side of the second support and connected to the other inner cavity at its input end.

[0011] Furthermore, the first support portion includes an inner support portion extending into the hollow cylinder and rotatably connected to the hollow cylinder, a bottom support portion fixed to the lower end of the inner support portion, and a discharge port opened at the lower end of the inner support portion for discharging materials from the hollow cylinder; the rotary joint is fixed to the outer surface of one side of the inner support portion.

[0012] Furthermore, two sets of variable pitch spiral blades are integrally formed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, and the two sets of variable pitch spiral blades are located on both sides of the annular baffle.

[0013] Furthermore, the shaft body is also equipped with a heat transfer and cleaning assembly, which includes a heat pipe rotatably connected to an inner cavity communicating with a rotary joint, a first auger plate fixed to the outer surface of the heat pipe, and multiple connecting brackets fixed to the outer surface of one end of the heat pipe. One side of each of the multiple connecting brackets is fixed to the inner tube of the rotary joint. The first support is rotatably connected to a first gear and a second gear meshing with the first gear, and the second gear is fixed to the outside of the inner tube of the rotary joint. A first motor is fixed to the outer surface of one side of the first support, and the output shaft of the first motor is connected to the first gear. A conductive slip ring is also provided on one side of the first support, and the rotor of the conductive slip ring is fixed to the outside of the inner tube of the rotary joint and electrically connected to the heat pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner cavity that is connected to the negative pressure suction part 78, and a second auger plate is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating rod. A connecting shaft is rotatably connected inside the shaft, and both ends of the connecting shaft extend into the two inner cavities and are respectively connected to the heat pipe and the rotating rod. A dynamic sealing element for dynamically sealing the connecting shaft is provided inside the shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the airway orifice is provided with a swirling section, which includes a throat provided on the inner wall of the airway orifice, an inclined surface opened at the junction of the throat and the outer surface of the shaft, and a plurality of swirling flanges arranged in a circular array on the inner wall of the throat.

[0016] Furthermore, the hollow cylinder is also provided with an anti-sticking component. The anti-sticking component includes multiple striking parts disposed on the outer surface of the shaft, a rotating rod located inside the hollow cylinder and rotatably connected at both ends to the first support part and the second support part, respectively, and multiple levers integrally formed on the outer surface of the rotating rod for driving the multiple striking parts to strike the shaft. A second motor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one side of the second support part, and the output shaft of the second motor passes through the second support part and is fixedly connected to the rotating rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the striking part includes two side plates symmetrically fixed to the outer surface of the shaft body, a rotating column located between the two side plates and rotatably connected to the two side plates by a torsion spring, a plate integrally formed on the outer surface of the rotating column, and a striking ball head fixed to the lower end of the plate body.

[0018] Furthermore, two support rollers for supporting the hollow cylinder are provided below the hollow cylinder, and the drive unit is located between the two support rollers.

[0019] Furthermore, the feeding part includes a feeding channel opened inside the second support part and a material discharge chute connected to the feeding channel, a material guide plate fixed to one side of the second support part and extending into the hollow cylinder body on one side, and a material cylinder fixed to the upper end of the second support part, and the output end of the material cylinder is connected to the feeding channel.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) By setting an annular baffle inside the hollow cylinder and two independent inner cavities inside the fixed shaft, the inside of the cylinder is divided into a preheating and electrolyte removal zone and a high-temperature pyrolysis zone, and the zone is drawn in by a rotary joint and a negative pressure suction unit. This effectively achieves the independent spatial collection of low-boiling-point solvent vapor and high-boiling-point polymer pyrolysis gas, blocks the flow path of heavy tar to the low-temperature zone, and structurally prevents the adhesion and coking caused by the condensation of heavy tar and the combination of micro powder when it encounters cold.

[0022] (2) By setting a rotating heat pipe in the inner cavity and using a conductive slip ring to provide electric heating, the temperature of the inner wall of the inner cavity is maintained above the critical temperature of the gaseous tar, thus preventing physical condensation on the transmission path. At the same time, the rotating first and second auger blades can not only disrupt the laminar flow boundary of the gas flow and keep the gas turbulent to ensure uniform heating, but also act as a built-in scraper to continuously clean the inner wall of the inner cavity, thus realizing the active collection and transportation of solid and gas two-phase flow.

[0023] (3) The gas passage of this application is equipped with a slope, a throat and a swirling flange. When the pyrolysis gas passes through the gas passage under vacuum suction, the flow channel cross-section shrinks, triggering the Venturi effect and causing the flow velocity to increase instantaneously. Under the guidance of the swirling flange, a high-speed swirling flow is formed, which uses strong flow field shear force to clean the powder accumulated in the gas passage and ensures that the flow channel is unobstructed.

[0024] (4) The anti-sticking component of this application uses a second motor to drive a lever to periodically move the plate of the striking part, and uses a torsion spring to reset and drive the striking ball head to strike the shaft in a regular manner. The instantaneous high acceleration generated by the impact produces shear stress on the contact surface between the shaft and the shell, causing the local hard coke and sticky dust to break and peel off instantly. At the same time, the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration caused by the impact also disrupts the static accumulation state of tar vapor. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-stick component structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal mass transport and cleaning assembly structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the swirl section structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0033] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0034] 1. Hollow cylinder; 11. Variable pitch spiral blade; 2. First support part; 21. Inner support part; 22. Bottom support part; 23. Discharge port; 3. Second support part; 31. Material cylinder; 32. Feed channel; 33. Drop chute; 34. Feed guide plate; 4. Support roller; 5. Gear ring; 6. Drive part; 7. Gradient temperature control assembly; 71. Shaft; 72. Inner cavity; 73. Air passage; 74. Annular baffle; 75. Material conveying chamber; 76. Rotary joint; 77. Conductive slip ring; 78. 8. Negative pressure suction section; 9. Heat and mass conveying and cleaning assembly; 10. First motor; 11. First gear; 12. Second gear; 13. Connecting frame; 14. Heat pipe; 15. Connecting shaft; 16. Dynamic seal; 17. Rotating rod; 18. Anti-stick assembly; 19. Second motor; 10. Rotating rod; 10. Side plate; 11. Rotating column; 12. Plate body; 13. Striking ball head; 14. Toggle lever; 15. Swirl section; 16. Inclined surface; 17. Throat; 18. Swirl flange. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 8 A high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis device for recycling and processing waste batteries includes a hollow cylinder 1, a first support part 2 and a second support part 3 respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the hollow cylinder 1, and a feeding part disposed in the second support part 3; two rollers 4 for supporting the hollow cylinder 1 are also disposed below the hollow cylinder 1, and the driving part 6 is located between the two rollers 4.

[0037] The feeding section includes a feeding channel 32 opened inside the second support section 3 and a material drop trough 33 connected to the feeding channel 32, a material guide plate 34 fixed to one side of the second support section 3 and extending into the hollow cylinder 1 on one side, and a material cylinder 31 fixed to the upper end of the second support section 3, and the output end of the material cylinder 31 is connected to the feeding channel 32.

[0038] It also includes a drive unit 6 located below the hollow cylinder 1 and a gear ring 5 fixed to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder 1 and meshing with the drive unit 6 for transmission;

[0039] The hollow cylinder 1 is also provided with a gradient temperature control component 7. The gradient temperature control component 7 includes a shaft 71 located inside the hollow cylinder 1 and fixed at both ends to the first support part 2 and the second support part 3 respectively; two inner cavities 72 independently opened inside the shaft 71; two sets of air passage holes 73 opened outside the shaft 71 and connected to the two inner cavities 72; an annular baffle 74 fixed outside the shaft 71 and whose outer periphery is in contact with the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 1; a material passage 75 opened at the lower end of the annular baffle 74; a rotary joint 76 fixed to one side of the first support part 2 and whose inner tube is connected to one inner cavity 72; and a negative pressure suction part 78 fixed to one side of the second support part 3 and whose input end is connected to the other inner cavity 72.

[0040] The first support part 2 includes an inner support part 21 that extends into the hollow cylinder 1 and is rotatably connected to the hollow cylinder 1, a bottom support part 22 that is fixed to the lower end of the inner support part 21, and a discharge port 23 that is opened at the lower end of the inner support part 21 for discharging the material inside the hollow cylinder 1; the rotary joint 76 is fixed to the outer surface of one side of the inner support part 21.

[0041] Two sets of variable pitch spiral blades 11 are integrally formed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 1, and the two sets of variable pitch spiral blades 11 are located on both sides of the annular baffle 74.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, the crushed waste battery material in the feed cylinder 31 enters the discharge chute 33 through the feed channel 32, slides down from the discharge chute 33 onto the feed plate 34, and falls from the feed plate 34 into the hollow cylinder 1. The hollow cylinder 1 adopts the same cylinder as the externally heated rotary kiln and has the function of multi-stage independent heating. In this application, the right section of the hollow cylinder 1 is the preheating and electrolyte removal section, which controls the temperature of the material that just enters at 200-300℃ to evaporate the low-boiling-point electrolyte solvent; the left section is the polymer cracking section, which controls the temperature of the material to rise to 550-650℃ to crack the PVDF binder, separator, and plastic shell at high temperature. The drive unit 6 can drive the hollow cylinder 1 to rotate. When the hollow cylinder 1 rotates, the variable pitch spiral blades 11 on its inner wall can drive the material inside the hollow cylinder 1 to move from right to left, and finally discharge through the discharge port 23.

[0043] The annular baffle 74 inside the hollow cylinder 1 can divide the interior of the hollow cylinder 1 into two regions (preheating and electrolyte removal region and high-temperature pyrolysis region). The material passage chamber 75 opened on the annular baffle 74 allows the material (i.e. solid battery particles) in the right region to pass through and enter the left region, but blocks the lateral flow of the gas phase flow field between the two regions in the internal space.

[0044] In traditional high-temperature pyrolysis treatment of waste batteries, as the material continuously moves forward, high-boiling-point heavy tar (such as PVDF pyrolysis products) generated in the high-temperature zone inevitably flows towards the low-pressure or low-temperature feed end. Once the heavy tar encounters the low-temperature material and pipe wall at 200℃-300℃ at the front end, it will instantly condense and adhere to black powder, forming a large-scale solid-liquid-gas mixed agglomerate. In this application, the gas generated by the material in the two regions at high temperature can enter the two inner cavities 72 through two sets of gas passages 73 respectively. The negative pressure suction unit 78 can collect low-boiling-point solvent gas through the set of gas passages 73 located in the right section region (preheating and electrolyte removal region). The electrolyte solvent evaporates and is immediately drawn away by the gas passages 73, preventing it from entering the high-temperature zone and undergoing thermal condensation. A rotary joint 76 is connected to an external pump body. The operation of the pump body creates a negative pressure within the rotary joint 76, thereby collecting the high-temperature pyrolysis gas through the set of gas passages 73 in the left section (high-temperature pyrolysis zone). As large molecules begin to pyrolyze, the resulting heavy tar is immediately captured and drawn away by the gas passages 73, preventing it from flowing forward. The two gaseous components are spatially decoupled, preventing cross-flow and eliminating the problem of heavy components condensing and coking upon cooling.

[0045] The negative pressure suction section 78 primarily extracts electrolyte solvent gas (high concentration, low fluoride, high calorific value). This gas is highly pure and can be directly fed into a low-energy condensation and recovery system to recover high-value-added organic solvents, or directly used as low-corrosion fuel for reburning. The rotary joint 76 primarily extracts polymer cracking gas and high-concentration toxic gases. This gas is targeted and confined within a corrosion-resistant inner tube, physically isolating it from the gas extracted from the preheating section. This effectively reduces the total volume of mixed gas entering the downstream neutralization and treatment system, allowing the downstream waste gas treatment system to operate at a smaller design flow rate, thereby optimizing the overall equipment's energy consumption.

[0046] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the shaft 71 is further provided with a heat transfer and cleaning assembly 8. The heat transfer and cleaning assembly 8 includes a heat pipe 85 rotatably connected to an inner cavity 72 that communicates with a rotary joint 76, a first auger plate fixed to the outer surface of the heat pipe 85, and a plurality of connecting brackets 84 fixed to the outer surface of one end of the heat pipe 85. One side of each of the plurality of connecting brackets 84 is fixed to the inner tube of the rotary joint 76. The first support part 2 is rotatably connected to a first gear 82 and a second gear 83 that meshes with the first gear 82. The second gear 83 is fixed to the outside of the inner tube of the rotary joint 76. A first motor 81 is fixed to the outer surface of one side of the first support part 2. The output shaft of the first motor 81 is connected to the first gear 82. A conductive slip ring 77 is also provided on one side of the first support part 2. The rotor part of the conductive slip ring 77 is fixed to the outside of the inner tube of the rotary joint 76 and electrically connected to the heat pipe 85. The stator part is fixed to the first support part 2.

[0047] A rotating rod 88 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity 72, which is connected to the negative pressure suction part 78. A second auger plate is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating rod 88. A connecting shaft 86 is rotatably connected inside the shaft 71. The two ends of the connecting shaft 86 extend into the two inner cavities 72 and are respectively connected to the heat pipe 85 and the rotating rod 88. A dynamic sealing element 87 is provided inside the shaft 71 for dynamically sealing the connecting shaft 86. Considering that the high-temperature pyrolysis gas extracted from the inner cavity 72, which is connected to the rotary joint 76, contains heavy tar, the dynamic sealing element 87 adopts a high-temperature resistant combined sealing structure, including a cooling circulation sleeve fitted outside the connecting shaft 86 and a flexible graphite filler layer located between the cooling circulation sleeve and the connecting shaft 86. Alternatively, the dynamic sealing element 87 is a labyrinth-type gas seal assembly, which forms positive pressure by introducing a small amount of inert protective gas into the sealing gap to prevent high-temperature tar gas from intruding into the bearing area and causing physical condensation and coking.

[0048] By adopting the above technical solution, the first motor 81 is controlled to drive the first gear 82 and the second gear 83 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 83 drives the inner tube of the rotary joint 76 to rotate. The rotation of the inner tube of the rotary joint 76 drives the heat pipe 85 to rotate. The rotation of the heat pipe 85 drives the rotating rod 88 to rotate through the connecting shaft 86. The first auger plate on the heat pipe 85 and the second auger plate on the rotating rod 88 rotate synchronously.

[0049] The conductive slip ring 77 can provide electrical energy to the heat pipe 85, which is an electric heating core. The heat pipe 85 generates heat to maintain the pipe wall temperature of the inner cavity 72 above 450°C, ensuring that the high-boiling-point tar drawn into the inner cavity 72 from the high-temperature pyrolysis zone remains in a gaseous state during transmission in the inner cavity 72 and does not condense.

[0050] The rotation of the first and second auger blades within the inner cavity 72 is equivalent to introducing a high-frequency stirrer inside the cavity 72. This disrupts the laminar boundary layer, creating a turbulent flow state for the gas within the cavity 72, ensuring uniform temperature across the gas and eliminating microscopic condensation points. Simultaneously, when the heat pipe 85 in the inner cavity 72, used to draw away polymer cracked gas, rotates, its external first auger blades form a built-in shaftless screw conveyor. Even if fine powder or condensed tar settles, it will be immediately captured by the rotating blades and forcibly pushed axially towards the collection system at the rear, achieving active collection and transport of the solid-gas two-phase flow. If the gap between the outer diameter of the auger blade flange and the inner wall of the inner cavity 72 is controlled within a small range (e.g., 1-3 mm), the rotating auger blades can also act as scrapers. They not only prevent material buildup (because the heat pipe 85 itself is the highest temperature source) but also continuously scrape the inner wall of the inner cavity 72, maintaining a smooth, low-resistance interior.

[0051] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a swirling section 10 is provided in the air passage 73. The swirling section 10 includes a throat 102 provided on the inner wall of the air passage 73, an inclined surface 101 opened at the connection between the throat 102 and the outer surface of the shaft 71, and a plurality of swirling flanges 103 arranged in a circular array on the inner wall of the throat 102.

[0052] By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined surface 101 and the throat 102 can form a Venturi effect. When the pyrolysis gas enters the air passage 73 under vacuum suction, the cross-section of the flow channel suddenly shrinks, the gas velocity increases instantaneously, and a high-speed swirling flow is formed under the guidance of the swirling flange 103. This high-energy airflow generates a strong flow field shear force in the air passage 73, preventing the black powder particles carried by the airflow from depositing in the air passage 73, and directly flushing them into the inner cavity 72, thus preventing the air passage 73 from becoming blocked.

[0053] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the hollow cylinder 1 is also provided with an anti-sticking component 9. The anti-sticking component 9 includes multiple striking parts disposed on the outer surface of the shaft 71, a rotating rod 92 located inside the hollow cylinder 1 and rotatably connected at both ends to the first support part 2 and the second support part 3 respectively, and multiple levers 97 integrally formed on the outer surface of the rotating rod 92 for driving the multiple striking parts to strike the shaft 71 respectively. A second motor 91 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the second support part 3, and the output shaft of the second motor 91 passes through the second support part 3 and is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 92.

[0054] The striking part includes two side plates 93 symmetrically fixed to the outer surface of the shaft 71, a rotating column 94 located between the two side plates 93 and rotatably connected to the two side plates 93 by a torsion spring, a plate 95 integrally formed on the outer surface of the rotating column 94, and a striking ball head 96 fixed to the lower end of the plate 95. To avoid mechanical interference and ensure that the hollow cylinder 1 drives the variable pitch spiral blade 11 to rotate without colliding with the anti-stick component 9, a safety gap is reserved between the inner circumference of the variable pitch spiral blade 11 on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 1 and the anti-stick component 9.

[0055] By adopting the above technical solution, the second motor 91 can drive the rotating rod 92 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod 92 drives the lever 97 to rotate. When the lever 97 rotates, it will contact the plate 95 and cause the plate 95 to rotate, causing the striking ball head 96 to separate from the outer surface of the shaft 71. When the lever 97 rotates to 90 degrees, the lever 97 separates from the plate 95, and the torsion spring generates a force to drive the plate 95 to rotate and reset. The rotation of the plate 95 drives the striking ball head 96 to move and make the striking ball head 96 contact the outer surface of the shaft 71, completing the striking of the shaft 71. The instantaneous high acceleration brought about by the striking will generate shear stress on the contact surface between the shaft 71 and the hard shell. This stress exceeds the brittle fracture limit of the shell, causing the hard coke inside the air passage 73 and the inner cavity 72 to instantly undergo microscopic lattice tearing, turning into fragments and peeling off, which are carried away by the airflow. Furthermore, the slight high-frequency vibrations of the metal wall caused by each impact directly affect the airflow boundary layer adjacent to the wall, creating mechanical disturbances. These disturbances alter the local airflow stability, increase the turbulence of the flow field, thereby disrupting the static accumulation of tar vapors and reducing their probability of adhering to the inner wall of the air passage 73.

[0056] Usage: The crushed waste battery material falls from the feed cylinder 31, slides through the feed channel 32 and the discharge chute 33 onto the feed plate 34, and is then fed into the hollow cylinder 1. The drive unit 6 operates and drives the gear ring 5 to rotate, causing the hollow cylinder 1, supported by two support rollers 4, to rotate. Two sets of variable-pitch spiral blades 11, integrally formed on its inner wall, push the material from right to left. During the movement, the temperature of the preheating and electrolyte removal zone on the right side of the hollow cylinder 1 is controlled between 200 and 300 degrees Celsius. The evaporated low-boiling-point solvent gas enters the corresponding inner cavity 72 through the gas duct 73 on the right side and is then absorbed by the external... The negative pressure suction section 78 targets and draws away the solid material to prevent it from entering the high-temperature zone and undergoing a thermal condensation reaction. Meanwhile, the solid material, propelled by the variable-pitch spiral blade 11, enters the polymer pyrolysis zone on the left side through the material passage 75 at the lower end of the annular baffle 74. The polymer pyrolysis zone controls the temperature to rise to 550-650 degrees Celsius. The resulting polymer pyrolysis gas containing heavy tar is drawn into the corresponding inner cavity 72 on the left side by the external pump body on the left through the rotary joint 76 and the gas passage 73. The first motor 81 drives the inner tube of the rotary joint 76 to rotate via the first gear 82 and the second gear 83, thereby driving the heat pipe 85 and connecting... The shaft 86 and the rotating rod 88 rotate synchronously. The conductive slip ring 77 energizes the heat pipe 85, which serves as the electric heating core, to maintain its temperature above 450 degrees Celsius, preventing the high-boiling-point tar from condensing during its transmission within the inner cavity 72. Simultaneously, the first and second auger blades on the outer surfaces of the heat pipe 85 and the rotating rod 88 generate gas disturbance during rotation, preventing condensation and forcibly pushing micro-powder or condensate towards the rear for collection. They also scrape the inner wall of the inner cavity 72. When the pyrolysis gas passes through the gas passage 73, it is guided by the swirling section 10, composed of the inclined surface 101, the throat 102, and the swirling flange 103, forming a high-speed swirling flow. This is achieved using a venturi. The flow field shear force generated by the Li effect sweeps away the deposited black powder particles; at the same time, the second motor 91 drives the rotating rod 92 and the lever 97 to rotate. The lever 97 regularly moves the plate 95 to drive the rotating column 94 to rotate between the two side plates 93. When it loses contact, the torsion spring drives the striking ball head 96 to reset and strike the shaft 71. The instantaneous high shear stress generated by the strike and the high frequency micro-amplitude vibration of the metal wall cause the adhering shell on the outer surface of the shaft 71 to break and fall off. Finally, the exhaust gas and solid particles that have been pyrolyzed are effectively separated, and the solid material is discharged through the discharge port 23 at the lower end of the inner support part 21 in the first support part 2.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concepts, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis device for recycling and processing waste batteries, comprising a hollow cylinder (1), a first support part (2) and a second support part (3) respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the hollow cylinder (1), and a feeding part disposed within the second support part (3), characterized in that: It also includes a drive unit (6) located below the hollow cylinder (1) and a gear ring (5) fixed to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder (1) and meshing with the drive unit (6) for transmission. The hollow cylinder (1) is also provided with a gradient temperature control component (7). The gradient temperature control component (7) includes a shaft (71) located inside the hollow cylinder (1) and fixed at both ends to the first support part (2) and the second support part (3) respectively; two inner cavities (72) independently opened inside the shaft (71) for separating low boiling point solvent vapor and high boiling point polymer cracking gas during the solid material treatment of waste batteries; two sets of gas passage holes (73) opened outside the shaft (71) and connected to the two inner cavities (72); an annular baffle (74) fixed outside the shaft (71) and whose outer periphery is attached to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder (1); a material passage cavity (75) opened at the lower end of the annular baffle (74); a rotary joint (76) fixed to one side of the first support part (2) and whose inner tube is connected to one inner cavity (72); and a negative pressure suction part (78) fixed to one side of the second support part (3) and whose input end is connected to the other inner cavity (72).

2. The high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment for recycling and processing waste batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support part (2) includes an inner support part (21) that extends into the hollow cylinder (1) and is rotatably connected to the hollow cylinder (1), a bottom support part (22) fixed to the lower end of the inner support part (21), and a discharge port (23) opened at the lower end of the inner support part (21) for discharging the material inside the hollow cylinder (1); the rotary joint (76) is fixed to the outer surface of one side of the inner support part (21).

3. The high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment for recycling and processing waste batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow cylinder (1) has two sets of variable pitch spiral blades (11) integrally formed on its inner wall, and the two sets of variable pitch spiral blades (11) are located on both sides of the annular baffle (74).

4. The high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment for recycling and processing waste batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft (71) is also equipped with a heat transfer and cleaning assembly (8). The heat transfer and cleaning assembly (8) includes a heat pipe (85) rotatably connected to an inner cavity (72) that communicates with a rotary joint (76), a first auger plate fixed to the outer surface of the heat pipe (85), and multiple connecting brackets (84) fixed to the outer surface of one end of the heat pipe (85). One side of each of the multiple connecting brackets (84) is fixed to the inner tube of the rotary joint (76). The first support part (2) is rotatably connected to a first gear. (82) and a second gear (83) meshing with the first gear (82), and the second gear (83) is fixed outside the inner tube of the rotary joint (76). A first motor (81) is fixed to the outer surface of one side of the first support part (2), and the output shaft of the first motor (81) is connected to the first gear (82). A conductive slip ring (77) is also provided on one side of the first support part (2), and the rotor part of the conductive slip ring (77) is fixed outside the inner tube of the rotary joint (76) and electrically connected to the heat pipe (85).

5. The high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment for recycling and processing waste batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating rod (88) is rotatably connected in the inner cavity (72) connected to the negative pressure suction part (78), and a second auger plate is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating rod (88). A connecting shaft (86) is rotatably connected inside the shaft body (71), and both ends of the connecting shaft (86) extend into the two inner cavities (72) and are respectively connected to the heat pipe (85) and the rotating rod (88). A dynamic sealing element (87) for dynamically sealing the connecting shaft (86) is provided inside the shaft body (71).

6. The high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment for recycling and processing waste batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air passage (73) is provided with a swirling section (10), which includes a throat (102) provided on the inner wall of the air passage (73), an inclined surface (101) opened at the connection between the throat (102) and the outer surface of the shaft (71), and a plurality of swirling flanges (103) arranged in a circular array on the inner wall of the throat (102).

7. The high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment for recycling and processing waste batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hollow cylinder (1) is also provided with an anti-sticking component (9). The anti-sticking component (9) includes multiple striking parts on the outer surface of the shaft (71), a rotating rod (92) located inside the hollow cylinder (1) and rotatably connected at both ends to the first support part (2) and the second support part (3), and multiple levers (97) integrally formed on the outer surface of the rotating rod (92) for driving the multiple striking parts to strike the shaft (71). A second motor (91) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one side of the second support part (3), and the output shaft of the second motor (91) passes through the second support part (3) and is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (92).

8. The high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment for recycling and processing waste batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that: The striking part includes two side plates (93) symmetrically fixed to the outer surface of the shaft (71), a rotating column (94) located between the two side plates (93) and rotatably connected to the two side plates (93) by a torsion spring, a plate (95) integrally formed on the outer surface of the rotating column (94), and a striking ball head (96) fixed to the lower end of the plate (95).

9. The high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment for recycling and processing waste batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two rollers (4) are provided below the hollow cylinder (1) to support the hollow cylinder (1), and the drive unit (6) is located between the two rollers (4).

10. The high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis equipment for recycling and processing waste batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding section includes a feeding channel (32) opened inside the second support section (3) and a material drop trough (33) connected to the feeding channel (32), a material guide plate (34) fixed to one side of the second support section (3) and extending into the hollow cylinder (1) on one side. The upper end of the second support section (3) is also fixedly connected to a material cylinder (31), and the output end of the material cylinder (31) is connected to the feeding channel (32).

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