An energy storage battery system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of batteries and discloses an energy storage battery system which comprises a battery pack, a heat spreading plate, a liquid supply pipe and a spray valve. The battery pack comprises a plurality of battery monomers. The heat spreading plate is arranged on the side surface of the battery monomers. The heat spreading plate is provided with an evaporation cavity and a first interface. The evaporation cavity is filled with a liquid working medium. The first interface is communicated with the evaporation cavity. The liquid supply pipe is arranged on the upper side of the battery pack. The liquid supply pipe is provided with a plurality of spray heads which are directed to the top surface of the battery monomers. The spray valve comprises a shell and a valve core. The shell is provided with an inner cavity, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. The liquid inlet is communicated with the liquid supply pipe. The liquid outlet is communicated with the spray head. The valve core is movably arranged in the inner cavity and is used for disconnecting or conducting the flow channel between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet. The shell is further provided with a second interface which is communicated with the first interface. The valve core is provided with a pressure-bearing part which separates the flow channel and the second interface. The heat spreading plate plays a reliable heat blocking role in the temperature rising process before thermal runaway. When the working medium is phase changed to form sufficient gas pressure, a mechanical valve opening signal is generated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an energy storage battery system. Background Technology

[0002] In new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, battery cells are the core components for converting electrical energy into chemical energy. Battery packs are typically composed of multiple closely packed battery cells, and thermal runaway in one cell can cause widespread thermal propagation problems.

[0003] For example, Chinese invention patent application CN120879056A discloses an energy storage battery system and its control method. The energy storage battery system includes a battery cabinet, several battery packs, a water supply mechanism, and a monitoring mechanism. The battery cabinet includes a cabinet body; each battery pack is housed within the cabinet body, and each battery pack includes a shell, several battery cells, a detector, a controllable nozzle, a pressure relief valve, and several liquid cooling plates. Pressure relief holes are provided on the side walls of the shell. Each battery cell is installed inside the shell, and the detector and controllable nozzle are also installed inside the shell. The water supply mechanism includes a water tank and a water pump, with the pump outlet connected to the controllable nozzle. The detector monitors the status of the battery cells in real time. In the event of thermal runaway, the controllable nozzle opens, and the water pump delivers water from the water tank to the controllable nozzle for spraying water, which can quickly cool and extinguish the fire, effectively preventing the thermal runaway from spreading to surrounding battery packs.

[0004] The existing energy storage battery systems described above have detectors inside the battery pack casing, including temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and optical flame detectors. However, these detectors rely on the BMS to receive the detection signals and control the valves (controllable nozzles) to open. The response is only triggered when the temperature / pressure reaches a threshold, at which point the battery has already experienced or is close to thermal runaway. This means that the system cannot reliably block the temperature rise process before thermal runaway, resulting in poor overall system safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is that the response is only triggered when the temperature / pressure reaches a threshold, at which point the battery has already experienced or is close to thermal runaway. This makes it impossible to reliably block thermal runaway during the temperature rise process before thermal runaway, resulting in poor overall system safety.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a technical solution for an energy storage battery system: Energy storage battery systems include: A battery pack consists of multiple battery cells arranged in sequence. A heat spreader is disposed on the side of the battery cell; the heat spreader is provided with an evaporation chamber and a first interface, the evaporation chamber is filled with a liquid working fluid, and the first interface is connected to the evaporation chamber; A liquid supply pipe is located on the upper side of the battery pack. The liquid supply pipe is equipped with multiple nozzles, each of which faces the top surface of the individual battery cell. A spray valve includes a housing and a valve core. The housing has an inner cavity and an inlet and an outlet communicating with the inner cavity. The inlet is connected to the supply pipe, and the outlet is connected to the spray head. The valve core is movably disposed in the inner cavity and is used to disconnect or open the flow channel between the inlet and the outlet. The housing is also provided with a second interface, which is connected to the first interface; the valve core is provided with a pressure-bearing part that separates the flow channel and the second interface, and the pressure-bearing part is used to convert steam pressure into valve core driving force.

[0007] Furthermore, the plurality of battery cells are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction, and the heat spreader is disposed at the interval between two adjacent battery cells; and / or, the heat spreader is disposed on the outside of the battery cells at the end of the battery pack.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner cavity extends along the height direction of the housing, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are located in the middle of the housing, and the second interface is spaced below the liquid inlet or the liquid outlet; the pressure-bearing part is located at the bottom of the valve core, and the space below the pressure-bearing part of the inner cavity communicates with the second interface.

[0009] Furthermore, the valve core is provided with a stepped portion in the middle, the stepped portion being thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom; when the valve core is reset, the upper section of the stepped portion is located between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet to disconnect the flow channel; when the valve core is lifted, the lower section of the stepped portion is located between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet to open the flow channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner cavity is provided with a constriction neck in the middle, the liquid inlet is provided through one side of the constriction neck, the liquid outlet is provided through the other side of the constriction neck, and the inner wall of the constriction neck is slidably sealed with the upper section of the stepped portion.

[0011] Furthermore, the spray valve also includes a top pressure spring and an elastic pin. The top pressure spring is located in the inner cavity and connected to the valve core. The elastic pin is located in the housing and is used to lock the valve core when it moves to the open position.

[0012] Furthermore, one of the spray valves is connected to one of the heat spreaders; and / or, at least two adjacent heat spreaders along the arrangement direction of the battery pack are connected to one spray valve; and / or, at least two adjacent spray valves along the length direction of the liquid supply pipe are connected to one heat spreader.

[0013] Furthermore, one of the spray valves is connected to one of the spray nozzles, and the spray area of ​​one of the spray nozzles covers the top surface of at least one of the battery cells; and / or, one of the spray valves is connected to at least two of the spray nozzles, which are arranged at intervals along a direction parallel to the arrangement of the battery pack, and the spray area of ​​one of the spray nozzles covers the top surface of at least one of the battery cells.

[0014] Furthermore, the heat spreader includes a frame, a first wall, a second wall, and an array of support pillars. The first wall and the second wall are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The frame connects the first wall and the second wall and forms the evaporation chamber. The array of support pillars are dispersed in the evaporation chamber and abut against the first wall and the second wall respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, a pressure branch pipe is connected between the first interface and the second interface, and the pressure branch pipe is also equipped with a one-way valve. The one-way valve is open from the first interface to the second interface and closed from the second interface to the first interface.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the energy storage battery system of this invention has the following advantages: The system employs a design comprising a battery pack, a heat spreader, a liquid supply pipe, and a spray valve. The battery pack includes multiple battery cells arranged sequentially. The heat spreader is located on the side of each battery cell and has a connected evaporation chamber and a first interface. The evaporation chamber is filled with a liquid working fluid. The heat spreader, acting as a heat dissipation component on the side of the battery cell, utilizes the high thermal conductivity of the heat spreader and the phase change of the liquid working fluid within the evaporation chamber (the process of changing from liquid to gas) to quickly absorb the heat generated by the battery cells, keeping them within their operating temperature range and preventing abnormally high temperatures due to insufficient heat dissipation.

[0017] When a battery cell is about to experience thermal runaway, the vapor chamber can rapidly dissipate heat during the temperature rise process before runaway. The higher the side temperature of the battery cell, the more liquid working fluid in the evaporation chamber will change to a gaseous state. Compared with traditional air-cooled, liquid-cooled, or immersion-type solutions, this energy storage battery system has a greater heat absorption capacity due to the vapor chamber (which utilizes the thermodynamic properties of working fluid phase change). This ensures reliable thermal blocking during the temperature rise process before thermal runaway and also prevents thermal interference between adjacent battery cells, thus improving the safety of the energy storage battery system.

[0018] The liquid supply pipe is located on the upper side of the battery pack, with multiple nozzles facing the top surface of the individual battery cells. The spray valve includes a housing and a valve core. The housing has an inner cavity, an inlet, an outlet, and a second interface. The valve core is movably located within the inner cavity. The second interface of the housing is connected to the first interface of the spray valve, and the valve core has a pressure-bearing part. The first interface of the heat spreader is connected to the second interface of the spray valve. The gaseous working fluid smoothly enters the housing of the spray valve from the evaporation chamber. As the temperature of the individual battery cells continues to rise, the evaporation rate of the liquid working fluid increases, resulting in greater pressure on the pressure-bearing part of the valve core.

[0019] Furthermore, when a battery cell has experienced or is close to thermal runaway, gas pressure can drive the valve core to move, opening the flow channel between the liquid inlet and outlet. When the spray is activated, the extinguishing agent in the supply pipe is sprayed through the spray valve and nozzle to cool the top surface of the battery cell. This spray triggering timing does not depend on excessively high temperature or pressure thresholds; instead, a mechanical valve opening signal is generated when the working fluid phase change on the heat spreader creates sufficient gas pressure. This eliminates the need for the BMS to receive and process the signal, making the valve opening response more direct and reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy storage battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of an energy storage battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the energy storage battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the spray valve (when the flow channel is disconnected) according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the spray valve (when the flow channel is open) according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the heat spreader plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an energy storage battery system according to other embodiments of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Battery pack; 10. Battery cell; 2. Heat spreader; 20. Evaporation chamber; 21. First interface; 22. Frame; 23. First wall; 24. Second wall; 25. Array support; 26. Capillary wick; 27. Insulating layer; 3. Liquid supply pipe; 30. Storage tank; 4. Nozzle; 5. Spray valve; 51. Shell; 510. Inner cavity; 511. Liquid inlet; 512. Liquid outlet; 513. Second interface; 514. Flow channel; 515. Neck; 52. Valve core; 521. Pressure bearing part; 522. Stepped part; 523. Slot; 53. Top pressure spring; 54. Elastic pin; 55. End cap; 6. Pressure branch pipe; 7. Liquid cooling plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" used to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0024] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the energy storage battery system of this embodiment includes: a battery pack 1, a heat spreader 2, a liquid supply pipe 3, and a spray valve 5; the battery pack 1 includes a plurality of battery cells 10 arranged in sequence; the heat spreader 2 is disposed on the side of the battery cell 10; the heat spreader 2 is provided with an evaporation chamber 20 and a first interface 21, the evaporation chamber 20 is filled with a liquid working fluid (not shown in the figure), and the first interface 21 is connected to the evaporation chamber 20.

[0026] It should be noted that the liquid working medium can be pure water, the effective volume of the evaporation chamber 20 is 15.65 mL, and the mass of the liquid working medium it fills is 3.0 g. Regardless of normal operation or abnormal high temperature, the evaporation chamber 20 always contains both liquid and gas phases. As the temperature increases, more of the liquid working medium in the evaporation chamber 20 evaporates into the gas phase, that is, the gas pressure increases.

[0027] In some embodiments of this application, the liquid working medium may also be deionized water, alcohols, ketones, refrigerants or dielectric working mediums, or mixtures of water-ethanol, water-isopropanol, etc.

[0028] Furthermore, the liquid supply pipe 3 is located on the upper side of the battery pack 1, and the liquid supply pipe 3 is equipped with multiple nozzles 4, each nozzle 4 facing the top surface of the battery cell 10. The liquid supply pipe 3 is also connected to a storage tank 30 for storing fire extinguishing agent. The spray valve 5 includes a housing 51 and a valve core 52. The housing 51 has an inner cavity 510 and an inlet 511 and an outlet 512 communicating with the inner cavity 510. The inlet 511 is connected to the liquid supply pipe 3, and the outlet 512 is connected to the nozzle 4. The valve core 52 is movably located in the inner cavity 510 and is used to disconnect or open the flow channel 514 between the inlet 511 and the outlet 512.

[0029] The housing 51 is also provided with a second interface 513, which is connected to the first interface 21; the valve core 52 is provided with a pressure-bearing part 521 that separates the flow channel 514 and the second interface 513. The pressure-bearing part 521 is used to convert the steam pressure into the valve core driving force. When the steam pressure on the pressure-bearing part 521 reaches the opening threshold, the valve core 52 moves to open the flow channel 514.

[0030] The energy storage battery system adopts a design of battery pack 1, heat spreader 2, liquid supply pipe 3 and spray valve 5. The heat spreader 2 is a heat dissipation component on the side of the battery cell 10. Utilizing the high thermal conductivity of the heat spreader 2 and the phase change of the liquid working medium in the evaporation chamber 20 (the process of changing from liquid to gas), the heat generated by the battery cell 10 can be quickly absorbed, keeping the battery cell 10 within the operating temperature range and avoiding abnormal high temperature of the battery cell 10 due to insufficient heat dissipation capacity.

[0031] When a battery cell 10 is about to experience thermal runaway, the heat spreader 2 can rapidly dissipate heat during the temperature rise process before thermal runaway. The higher the side temperature of the battery cell 10, the more liquid working fluid in the evaporation chamber 20 will change to a gaseous state. Compared with traditional air-cooled, liquid-cooled plate 7 or immersion-type solutions, this energy storage battery system has a greater heat absorption capacity (utilizing the thermodynamic characteristics of working fluid phase change), ensuring a reliable thermal blocking effect during the temperature rise process before thermal runaway, while also avoiding thermal interference between adjacent battery cells 10, thus improving the safety of the energy storage battery system.

[0032] The liquid supply pipe 3 is located on the upper side of the battery pack 1. The multiple nozzles 4 of the liquid supply pipe 3 are all facing the top surface of the battery cell 10. The first interface 21 of the heat spreader 2 is connected to the second interface 513 of the spray valve 5. The gaseous working fluid smoothly enters the housing 51 of the spray valve 5 from the evaporation chamber 20. As the temperature of the battery cell 10 continues to rise, the amount of liquid working fluid evaporates is greater, and the pressure generated on the pressure bearing part 521 of the valve core 52 is greater.

[0033] When a battery cell 10 has experienced or is close to thermal runaway, the valve core 52 can be moved by gas pressure to open the flow channel 514 between the liquid inlet 511 and the liquid outlet 512. When the spray is activated, the extinguishing agent in the supply pipe 3 is sprayed onto the top surface of the battery cell 10 through the spray valve 5 and the nozzle 4 to cool it down. The timing of this spray activation does not depend on excessively high temperature or pressure thresholds. Instead, a mechanical valve opening signal is generated when the working fluid in the heat spreader 2 undergoes a phase change and forms sufficient gas pressure. This eliminates the need for the BMS to receive and process the signal, making the valve opening response more direct and reliable.

[0034] In this embodiment, the normal operating temperature of the heat spreader 2 is 20℃~90℃, the design trigger temperature of the spray valve 5 is 139℃, the nominal opening pressure difference of the spray valve 5 (considering the resistance factors such as sealing friction of the valve core 52) is 0.25MPa, and the opening absolute pressure (steam pressure threshold) is 0.35MPa.

[0035] In some embodiments of this application, the amount of liquid working fluid charged can be 10% to 35% of the effective volume. Additionally, the design trigger temperature of the spray valve 5 can be 130°C to 160°C, the absolute opening pressure (steam pressure threshold) of the spray valve 5 can be 0.30 MPa to 0.55 MPa, and the nominal opening pressure difference (considering resistance factors such as sealing friction of the valve core 52) can be 0.20 MPa to 0.45 MPa.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, multiple battery cells 10 are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction, and a heat spreader 2 is disposed at the interval between two adjacent battery cells 10; furthermore, the heat spreader 2 is disposed on the outer side of the battery cells 10 at the end of the battery pack 1. Not only are heat spreaders 2 clamped between two adjacent battery cells 10, but heat spreaders 2 are also disposed on the outer side of the battery cells 10 at the end of the battery pack 1, ensuring that at least one heat spreader 2 is attached to the side of each battery cell 10, thereby meeting the requirements for efficient heat dissipation and triggering spraying.

[0037] In some embodiments of this application, in order to meet different usage requirements, the heat dissipation plate 2 can be clamped between two adjacent battery cells 10, eliminating the need to set the heat dissipation plate 2 on the outside of the battery cells 10 at the end of the battery pack 1, which can also avoid thermal impact between adjacent battery cells 10.

[0038] like Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the inner cavity 510 extends along the height direction of the housing 51. The inlet 511 and the outlet 512 are located in the middle of the housing 51, and the second interface 513 is spaced below the outlet 512. The pressure-bearing part 521 is located at the bottom of the valve core 52, and the space below the pressure-bearing part 521 in the inner cavity 510 communicates with the second interface 513. The space below the pressure-bearing part 521 in the inner cavity 510 constitutes a gas pressure chamber, and the gas pressure chamber is separated from the space above the pressure-bearing part 521 and the flow channel 514.

[0039] The gas pressure chamber is connected to the evaporation chamber 20 in sequence through the second interface 513, the pressure branch pipe 6, and the first interface 21. The gas pressure in the evaporation chamber 20 and the gas pressure chamber can increase synchronously. The gas pressure acts on the pressure-bearing part 521 to generate pressure, which can lift the valve core 52 (overcoming the spring pressure and the sliding friction of the valve core 52) to open the flow channel 514.

[0040] Furthermore, the valve core 52 is provided with a stepped section 522 in the middle, which is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. When the valve core 52 is reset, the upper section of the stepped section 522 is located between the inlet 511 and the outlet 512 to disconnect the flow channel 514. When the valve core 52 is lifted, the lower section of the stepped section 522 is located between the inlet 511 and the outlet 512 to open the flow channel 514. By lifting or resetting the valve core 522 with a wider upper section and a narrower lower section, the control purpose of opening or closing the flow channel 514 is achieved.

[0041] As a further preferred embodiment, the inner cavity 510 is further provided with a constriction neck 515 in the middle. The liquid inlet 511 is provided through one side of the constriction neck 515, and the liquid outlet 512 is provided through the other side of the constriction neck 515. The inner wall of the constriction neck 515 is slidably sealed with the upper section of the stepped portion 522. By providing the constriction neck 515 in the middle of the inner cavity 510, its smaller radial cross-sectional area can be used to axially limit the pressure-bearing portion 521, and at the same time, it can form a reliable sealing effect with the upper section of the stepped portion 522, ensuring that the extinguishing agent in the flow channel 514 will not leak out when disconnected, and that the extinguishing agent in the flow channel 514 will not leak into the gas pressure chamber or the upper space of the inner cavity 510 (where the top pressure spring 53 is located) when connected.

[0042] In addition, the spray valve 5 also includes a pressure spring 53 and an elastic pin 54. The pressure spring 53 is located in the upper space of the inner cavity 510 and is connected to the valve core 52. The top of the housing 51 is provided with an end cap 55. The elastic pin 54 is located in the end cap 55 and inside the housing 51. The elastic pin 54 is used to lock the valve core 52 when it moves to the open position. When the valve core 52 is pushed up to the open position by gas pressure, the elastic pin 54 is inserted into the slot 523 of the valve core 52 to lock it, so that the spray valve 5 remains open and sprays, preventing the valve core 52 from disconnecting the flow channel 514 again due to gas pressure fluctuations, thereby ensuring the reliability of the thermal blocking protection.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a spray valve 5 is connected to a heat spreader 2, and a spray nozzle 4 is connected to a spray area of ​​a spray nozzle 4 covering the top surface of a battery cell 10. When a battery cell 10 experiences an abnormal temperature rise, the heat spreader 2 on at least one side rapidly dissipates heat, simultaneously exerting pressure on the corresponding spray valve 5. If the opening absolute pressure (vapor pressure threshold) is reached, fire extinguishing agent is sprayed onto the top surface of the battery cell 10.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, at least two adjacent heat spreaders 2 along the arrangement direction of the battery pack 1 are connected to a spray valve 5, and each spray valve 5 is connected to at least two nozzles 4. The at least two nozzles 4 are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction parallel to the battery pack 1, and the spray area of ​​one nozzle 4 covers the top surface of at least one battery cell 10. That is to say, the heat spreader 2 and the spray valve 5 are designed in a many-to-one manner. When any heat spreader 2 heats up to the design trigger temperature, the spray valve 5 will open, resulting in higher response sensitivity.

[0045] It should be noted that a pressure branch pipe 6 is connected between the first interface 21 and the second interface 513. The pressure branch pipe 6 is also equipped with a one-way valve (not shown in the figure). The one-way valve allows flow from the first interface 21 to the second interface 513 and prevents reverse flow from the second interface 513 to the first interface 21. The one-way valve on the pressure branch pipe 6 prevents reverse air leakage between adjacent heat spreaders 2 through the spray valve 5, and avoids the inability to form an effective spray triggering mechanism due to the interconnection of the evaporation chambers 20 of multiple heat spreaders 2.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, at least two adjacent spray valves 5 along the length of the liquid supply pipe 3 are connected to a heat spreader 2; correspondingly, one spray valve 5 is connected to one nozzle 4, and the spray area of ​​one nozzle 4 covers the top surface of at least one battery cell 10. That is, the heat spreader 2 and the spray valves 5 are designed in a one-to-many manner. When one heat spreader 2 heats up to the design trigger temperature, multiple spray valves 5 will open, triggering a larger spray range.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the heat spreader 2 includes a frame 22, a first wall 23, a second wall 24, and array supports 25. The first wall 23 and the second wall 24 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The frame 22 connects the first wall 23 and the second wall 24 to form an evaporation chamber 20. The array supports 25 are dispersed in the evaporation chamber 20 and abut against the first wall 23 and the second wall 24 respectively. The inner sides of the first wall 23 and the second wall 24 are provided with capillary wicks 26, which can increase the surface area and heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, the outer sides of the first wall 23 and the second wall 24 are provided with insulating layers 27 to prevent the heat spreader 2 from causing battery short circuits.

[0048] It should be noted that after the heat spreader 2 is evacuated, injected with liquid, and sealed, the evacuation and injection pipe is still retained and can be used as the second interface 513 of the spray valve 5 as the pressure branch pipe 6. After evacuation (before injection), the residual pressure of the evaporation chamber 20 needs to reach 1-100 Pa. The total thickness of the heat spreader 2 is 2.5 mm, the thickness of the single-sided wall panel (first wall 23, second wall 24) is 0.45 mm, the diameter of the array support column 25 is 1.6 mm, and the center distance of the array support column 25 is 10 mm. The array support column 25 can withstand external pressure, limit excessive deformation of the wall panel, and maintain the flow space.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, the total thickness of the heat spreader 2 can be any size between 2.2mm and 3.5mm, the thickness of the single-side wall panel (first wall 23, second wall 24) can be any size between 0.40mm and 0.60mm, the diameter of the array support column 25 can be any size between 1.2mm and 2.2mm, and the center distance of the array support column 25 can be any size between 8mm and 12mm.

[0050] The energy storage battery system also includes a liquid cooling plate 7, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the liquid cooling plate 7 is located on the lower side of the battery pack 1 and contacts the heat spreader 2. The refrigerant inside the liquid cooling plate 7 can remove the heat absorbed by the heat spreader 2, ensuring efficient heat dissipation during normal operation. In addition, during abnormal temperature rise, the heat absorption rate of the heat spreader 2 is greater than the heat dissipation rate of the liquid cooling plate 7, ensuring that the pressure generated by the heat spreader 2 reaches the absolute opening pressure (vapor pressure threshold) of the spray valve 5 at the designed trigger temperature, thus ensuring reliable spraying.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage battery system, characterized in that, include: The battery pack (1) includes multiple battery cells (10) arranged in sequence. A heat spreader (2) is provided on the side of the battery cell (10); the heat spreader (2) is provided with an evaporation chamber (20) and a first interface (21), the evaporation chamber (20) is filled with a liquid working fluid, and the first interface (21) is connected to the evaporation chamber (20). Liquid supply pipe (3) is located on the upper side of the battery pack (1). The liquid supply pipe (3) is provided with multiple nozzles (4), and each nozzle (4) is arranged facing the top surface of the battery cell (10). The spray valve (5) includes a housing (51) and a valve core (52). The housing (51) has an inner cavity (510) and an inlet (511) and an outlet (512) communicating with the inner cavity (510). The inlet (511) is connected to the supply pipe (3), and the outlet (512) is connected to the spray head (4). The valve core (52) is movably disposed in the inner cavity (510) and is used to disconnect or open the flow channel (514) between the inlet (511) and the outlet (512). The housing (51) is also provided with a second interface (513), which is connected to the first interface (21); the valve core (52) is provided with a pressure-bearing part (521) that separates the flow channel (514) and the second interface (513), and the pressure-bearing part (521) is used to convert steam pressure into valve core driving force.

2. The energy storage battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple battery cells (10) are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction, and the heat spreader (2) is provided at the interval between two adjacent battery cells (10); and / or, the heat spreader (2) is provided on the outside of the battery cells (10) at the end of the battery pack (1).

3. The energy storage battery system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner cavity (510) extends along the height direction of the housing (51), the liquid inlet (511) and the liquid outlet (512) are located in the middle of the housing (51), and the second interface (513) is spaced below the liquid inlet (511) or the liquid outlet (512); the pressure bearing part (521) is located at the bottom of the valve core (52), and the space below the pressure bearing part (521) of the inner cavity (510) is connected to the second interface (513).

4. The energy storage battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The valve core (52) is further provided with a stepped portion (522) in the middle, which is thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom. When the valve core (52) is reset, the upper section of the stepped portion (522) is located between the liquid inlet (511) and the liquid outlet (512) to disconnect the flow channel (514). When the valve core (52) is lifted, the lower section of the stepped portion (522) is located between the liquid inlet (511) and the liquid outlet (512) to open the flow channel (514).

5. The energy storage battery system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner cavity (510) is also provided with a constriction neck (515) in the middle. The liquid inlet (511) is provided through one side of the constriction neck (515), and the liquid outlet (512) is provided through the other side of the constriction neck (515). The inner wall of the constriction neck (515) is slidably sealed with the upper section of the stepped portion (522).

6. The energy storage battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The spray valve (5) also includes a top pressure spring (53) and an elastic pin (54). The top pressure spring (53) is located in the inner cavity (510) and connected to the valve core (52). The elastic pin (54) is located in the housing (51) and is used to lock the valve core (52) when it moves to the open position.

7. The energy storage battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, One of the spray valves (5) is connected to one of the heat spreaders (2); and / or, at least two adjacent heat spreaders (2) along the arrangement direction of the battery pack (1) are connected to one of the spray valves (5); and / or, at least two adjacent spray valves (5) along the length direction of the liquid supply pipe (3) are connected to one of the heat spreaders (2).

8. The energy storage battery system according to claim 7, characterized in that, One of the spray valves (5) is connected to one of the nozzles (4), and the spray area of ​​one of the nozzles (4) is provided to cover the top surface of at least one of the battery cells (10); and / or, one of the spray valves (5) is connected to at least two of the nozzles (4), which are arranged at intervals along an arrangement direction parallel to the battery pack (1), and the spray area of ​​one of the nozzles (4) is provided to cover the top surface of at least one of the battery cells (10).

9. The energy storage battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The heat spreader (2) includes a frame (22), a first wall (23), a second wall (24) and an array support (25). The first wall (23) and the second wall (24) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The frame (22) connects the first wall (23) and the second wall (24) and forms the evaporation chamber (20). The array support (25) is dispersed in the evaporation chamber (20) and abuts against the first wall (23) and the second wall (24) respectively.

10. The energy storage battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, A pressure branch pipe (6) is connected between the first interface (21) and the second interface (513). The pressure branch pipe (6) is also equipped with a one-way valve. The one-way valve is open from the first interface (21) to the second interface (513) and closed from the second interface (513) to the first interface (21).

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