Multiple explosion-proof pressure relief structure of integrated energy storage battery cabinet

Abstract

The application discloses a multiple explosion-proof pressure relief structure of an integrated energy storage battery cabinet, belongs to the field of battery cabinets, and aims at solving the problem that long-term accumulation of viscous substances can cause blockage of a valve port of a pressure relief valve, jamming of a movable part, gradual increase of an opening threshold of a subsequent intermediate pressure relief valve, and sharp decrease of pressure relief sensitivity. The multiple explosion-proof pressure relief structure of the integrated energy storage battery cabinet comprises a battery cabinet main body, a battery main body arranged in the battery cabinet main body, and a low-pressure pipeline arranged in the battery cabinet main body. When a silicon rubber gasket moves to both sides, a negative pressure area is formed on the side close to the intermediate pressure valve. Turbulent flow generated due to blockage of a high-level pressure relief valve is guided to be airflow with a regular direction, so that the viscous substances move farther, thereby achieving the effects of reducing cooling adhesion of the viscous substances near the intermediate pressure valve, reducing the risk of blockage of the valve port and jamming of the movable part, preventing local overheating from escalating into an explosion accident, and improving the safety of the battery cabinet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery cabinets, and in particular to a multi-layer explosion-proof and pressure-relief structure for an integrated energy storage battery cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale application of electrochemical energy storage systems, integrated energy storage battery cabinets are widely used in grid frequency regulation, peak shaving and valley filling, and distributed energy storage scenarios due to their advantages such as high integration, high space utilization, and convenient operation and maintenance. During long-term charge and discharge cycles and complex operating conditions, battery cabinets are prone to thermal runaway due to factors such as cell aging, internal short circuits, and thermal management system failures. This can generate a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas. If the pressure cannot be released in a timely and effective manner, it can easily lead to serious safety accidents such as cabinet explosion, fire, or even explosion. Therefore, explosion-proof pressure relief structures have become one of the core components to ensure the safe operation of energy storage battery cabinets.

[0003] Currently, existing integrated energy storage battery cabinets generally employ a multi-stage explosion-proof pressure relief structure with low, medium, and high-stage pressure relief valves. The core design principle is to achieve gradual pressure release through staged triggering, avoiding secondary risks caused by instantaneous pressure relief. Simultaneously, it ensures the cabinet's sealing performance, reducing the ingress of external moisture, dust, and other impurities, thus guaranteeing stable operation of the battery modules. To further optimize the sealing effect, reduce the connection path between the pressure relief valves and the external environment, and lower the risk of impurity intrusion, the industry generally adopts a design that connects only the high-stage pressure relief valve to the external environment. The low and medium-stage pressure relief valves are only connected to the interior of the cabinet and the respective pressure relief pipelines, without direct contact with the outside.

[0004] However, this design has significant safety hazards, and in actual operation, it is prone to pressure relief failure, which could escalate into a safety accident. When abnormal conditions such as localized overheating occur inside the battery cabinet, and the pressure reaches the opening threshold of the intermediate pressure relief valve but does not meet the opening conditions of the advanced pressure relief valve, the intermediate pressure relief valve will activate to release pressure, venting the high-temperature gas inside into the intermediate-pressure pipeline. Because the advanced pressure relief valve fails to activate, the gas in the intermediate-pressure pipeline cannot be discharged to the outside through the advanced pressure relief valve and can only remain between the intermediate-pressure pipeline and the inner area.

[0005] At this point, localized overheating has clearly occurred inside the battery cabinet. This overheating causes the electrolyte and internal materials of the battery cells to volatilize a viscous substance. This viscous substance enters the medium-pressure pipeline with the airflow discharged from the intermediate pressure relief valve. Because the gas cannot escape smoothly, it is blocked by the advanced pressure relief valve and flows back, creating turbulence within the pipeline. This prevents the airflow from diffusing to both sides, causing the airflow carrying the viscous substance to stagnate at the pressure relief valve and pipeline connections. As the temperature gradually decreases, this viscous substance solidifies and adheres to the intermediate pressure relief valve.

[0006] Long-term accumulation of viscous substances can clog the pressure relief valve orifice and cause moving parts to become stuck. This leads to a gradual increase in the opening threshold of subsequent intermediate pressure relief valves and a significant decrease in pressure relief sensitivity. When the battery cabinet experiences localized overheating and pressure rise again, the intermediate pressure relief valves, which should have activated in time, fail to open, resulting in a continuous accumulation of internal pressure that cannot be released in a timely manner. If the pressure continues to rise and exceeds the threshold of the advanced pressure relief valve, it will trigger a sudden and violent pressure release. If effective pressure release is still not achieved, a small localized overheating fault can escalate into a large-scale explosion, seriously threatening the operational safety of the energy storage system and the safety of surrounding personnel and equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure for an integrated energy storage battery cabinet, which solves the problem that long-term accumulation of viscous substances can cause blockage of the pressure relief valve orifice and jamming of moving parts, resulting in a gradual increase in the opening threshold of the subsequent intermediate pressure relief valve and a significant decrease in pressure relief sensitivity.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure for an integrated energy storage battery cabinet, comprising a battery cabinet body, a battery body disposed inside the battery cabinet body, a low-pressure pipe disposed inside the battery cabinet body, a low-pressure valve disposed inside the low-pressure pipe, a medium-pressure pipe disposed outside the low-pressure pipe, a medium-pressure valve disposed inside the medium-pressure pipe, and a high-pressure valve disposed outside the battery cabinet body, and further comprising a top plate disposed inside the medium-pressure pipe, wherein an elastic mechanism is provided on the side of the top plate away from the medium-pressure valve, and a rotating plate is provided on the side of the top plate close to the medium-pressure valve, and a rotating mechanism is provided on the inner side of the rotating plate; The elastic mechanism allows the top plate to move to both sides when the medium-pressure valve is opened, forming a negative pressure zone on the side near the medium-pressure valve. This guides the turbulent flow caused by the high-pressure valve obstruction into a regular airflow, causing viscous substances to move away from the medium-pressure valve. This reduces the cooling and adhesion of viscous substances near the medium-pressure valve, and lowers the risk of valve port blockage and moving parts jamming.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic mechanism includes a support cylinder fixedly connected to the inner wall of both ends of the medium-pressure pipeline, a spring fixedly connected to the inner side of the support cylinder, a push rod fixedly connected to one end of the spring, the push rod fixedly connected to the top plate, a push cylinder rotatably connected to the side of the top plate near the medium-pressure valve, the push cylinder fixedly connected to the rotating plate, and a silicone rubber gasket fixedly connected to the outer side of the top plate. Silicone rubber gaskets are used to form a seal with the inner wall of medium-pressure pipes when the top plate moves, helping to create a negative pressure zone.

[0010] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the medium-pressure pipe is cylindrical, the inner side of the medium-pressure pipe is in contact with the outer side of the silicone rubber gasket, and the diameter of the rotating plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the medium-pressure pipe. The rotating plate is used to allow high-temperature and high-pressure gas to pass through the gap between the rotating plate and the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipeline, forcing the gas to flow along the wall, accelerating cooling, and reducing the pressure holding time.

[0011] Preferably, the inner surface of the medium-pressure pipe is roughened to increase the contact area with high-temperature and high-pressure gas, accelerate gas cooling, and shorten pressure holding time.

[0012] Preferably, the outer side of the push rod fits against the inner side of the support cylinder, and the cross-sectional shape of the push rod is cuboid, which is used to prevent the push rod from rotating during movement and to ensure the linear motion stability of the top plate and the rotating plate.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a push plate fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating plate, a first hole is provided inside the push rod, a support rod fixed to the inner side wall of both ends of the medium pressure pipe is provided inside the first hole, a guide groove is provided on the outer side of the support rod, a second hole for nesting the support rod is provided inside the rotating plate, and a guide rod fixedly connected to the rotating plate and nested inside the guide groove is provided inside the second hole. The guide groove works in conjunction with the guide rod to drive the rotating plate to rotate when the rotating plate moves axially along the medium-pressure pipeline, so that the push plate pushes the high-temperature and high-pressure gas toward the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the push plate is made of silicone rubber, the top of the push plate is in contact with the inner side of the medium pressure pipe, and multiple push plates are evenly distributed on the outer side of the rotating plate. The push plate is used to guide the gas to flow along the wall to accelerate cooling when the rotating plate rotates, and to scrape off the sticky material adhering to the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe when the top plate is reset.

[0015] Preferably, the guide groove has a spiral structure, and the guide groove and the guide rod are in clearance fit, which is used to convert the linear motion of the rotating plate into rotational motion and ensure that the motion process is smooth and without jamming.

[0016] Preferably, the sticky material scraped off by the pusher plate during the top plate reset process is pushed to the middle of the medium-pressure pipeline and remains suspended under normal air pressure, preventing incompletely solidified impurities from re-adhering to the inner wall or valve port, thus ensuring the long-term unobstructed flow of the medium-pressure pipeline.

[0017] Preferably, the central axis of the top plate, the rotating plate and the medium-pressure pipeline are on the same straight line to ensure that the top plate and the rotating plate are subjected to uniform force during movement, reduce uneven wear, and improve the reliability and repeatability of the pressure relief action.

[0018] 1. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: when the silicone rubber gasket moves to both sides, a negative pressure zone is formed on the side near the medium pressure valve, which guides the turbulence caused by the obstruction of the high-pressure relief valve into a regular airflow, so that the viscous material moves further, thereby reducing the cooling and adhesion of viscous material near the medium pressure valve, reducing the risk of valve port blockage and moving parts jamming, and preventing local overheating from escalating into an explosion accident, thus improving the safety of the battery cabinet.

[0019] 2. In this invention, the rotating plate moves to both sides and is driven to rotate by the spiral guide groove, which pushes the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to move towards the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe, thereby accelerating cooling. This reduces the time the exhaust gas pressure is maintained and the probability of viscous substances being forced into the inner side of the medium-pressure valve, further reducing valve blockage and jamming.

[0020] 3. By using a rotating plate with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the medium-pressure pipe, the exhaust gas must pass through the gap between the rotating plate and the pipe wall, making the exhaust gas closer to the pipe wall. This achieves the effects of forced exhaust gas flow along the wall, enhanced heat exchange efficiency, shortened pressure holding time, and reduced deposition of viscous substances on the medium-pressure valve.

[0021] 4. This invention uses a rotating plate to drive multiple push plates that are equidistantly distributed on the outer side to rotate, pushing the exhaust gas closer to the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe, thereby achieving the effect of further improving the exhaust gas cooling rate and reducing the pressure holding time through active flow guidance.

[0022] 5. By making the inner side of the medium-pressure pipe rough, the contact area with the exhaust gas is increased, thereby achieving the effect of accelerating the cooling speed of the exhaust gas and shortening the pressure holding time.

[0023] 6. This invention reduces the volume of the exhaust gas after cooling, and the top plate is reset under the action of the spring, pushing the plate to move in the opposite direction. Its top end fits against the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe, cleaning up the solidified sticky substances. This achieves the effect of automatically removing impurities attached to the pipe wall after the pressure relief valve is closed, and freeing up cooling space for subsequent exhaust gas.

[0024] 7. The cleaned-off light impurities are pushed to the middle of the pipe and suspended in the center of the pipe under the action of the top plate resetting and maintaining normal air pressure. They do not come into contact with the inner wall, thus preventing the incompletely solidified impurities from re-adhering and solidifying on the inner wall and valve port, and keeping them in a loose and suspended state for subsequent one-time unified discharge, ensuring the long-term smooth flow of the medium-pressure pipeline.

[0025] 8. The present invention cleans impurities by pushing the plate during the cooling process, thereby avoiding the increased adhesion and difficulty in cleaning of impurities after they have completely solidified. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view cross-sectional structural diagram of the battery cabinet body of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at point C; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side cross-sectional structure of the top plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the top plate of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the support rod of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Battery cabinet body; 2. Battery body; 3. Low-pressure pipe; 4. Low-pressure valve; 5. Medium-pressure pipe; 6. Medium-pressure valve; 7. High-pressure valve; 8. Top plate; 9. Elastic mechanism; 10. Rotating mechanism; 91. Support cylinder; 92. Spring; 93. Push rod; 94. Push cylinder; 95. Silicone rubber gasket; 101. Push plate; 102. First hole; 103. Support rod; 104. Guide groove; 105. Second hole; 106. Guide rod; 11. Rotating plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure for an integrated energy storage battery cabinet, comprising a battery cabinet body 1, a battery body 2 disposed inside the battery cabinet body 1, a low-pressure pipe 3 disposed inside the battery cabinet body 1, a low-pressure valve 4 disposed inside the low-pressure pipe 3, a medium-pressure pipe 5 disposed outside the low-pressure pipe 3, a medium-pressure valve 6 disposed inside the medium-pressure pipe 5, a high-pressure valve 7 disposed outside the battery cabinet body 1, and a top plate 8 disposed inside the medium-pressure pipe 5. An elastic mechanism 9 is disposed on the side of the top plate 8 away from the medium-pressure valve 6, and a rotating plate 11 is disposed on the side of the top plate 8 close to the medium-pressure valve 6. A rotating mechanism 10 is disposed on the inner side of the rotating plate 11.

[0030] When abnormal conditions such as localized overheating occur inside the battery cabinet body 1, and the pressure reaches the opening threshold of the intermediate pressure relief valve but does not meet the opening conditions of the advanced pressure relief valve, the intermediate pressure relief valve, i.e., the intermediate pressure valve 6, is activated to release pressure, discharging the high-temperature, high-pressure gas into the intermediate pressure pipeline 5. At this time, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas first collides with the intermediate pressure valve 6 and the high pressure valve 7, with some gas moving to both sides. Since the high pressure valve 7 is not open, the gas cannot be discharged to the outside, forming turbulent flows that collide with each other within the intermediate pressure pipeline 5. The energy of these turbulent flows is largely consumed by the opposing forces in the middle area of ​​the pipeline, making it difficult for the gas and the viscous substances it carries to move long distances to both sides. They tend to stay near the intermediate pressure valve 6 and cool and adhere to it.

[0031] The gas moves to both sides, pushing the rotating plate 11 and the top plate 8 to move. The silicone rubber gasket 95 on the outer side of the top plate 8 moves synchronously. Because the inner side of the medium-pressure pipe 5 is in contact with the outer side of the silicone rubber gasket 95, a momentary negative pressure zone is formed on the side of the top plate 8 near the medium-pressure valve 6 when it moves rapidly. This negative pressure zone guides the chaotic airflow in front, reduces the disorderly collision between turbulent flows, reduces energy consumption in the middle area, and sorts the originally chaotic airflow into a regular airflow, thereby prompting the airflow and viscous substances to move further away from the medium-pressure valve 6.

[0032] It should be noted that when the medium-pressure pipeline 5 is a sealed cavity with both ends closed and the high-pressure valve 7 is not open, the pressure inside the cavity will rise rapidly after gas injection and quickly reach equilibrium with the inside of the battery cabinet body 1. At this point, the medium-pressure valve 6 will automatically stop depressurizing. However, within this pressure range, the overall danger is not significant. At the same time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas gradually cools down after contacting the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipeline 5, and the pressure decreases accordingly, further alleviating pressure accumulation. After the medium-pressure valve 6 stops depressurizing, if the pressure inside the battery cabinet body 1 continues to rise due to thermal runaway and reaches the opening threshold of the high-pressure valve 7, the high-pressure valve 7 will activate, venting the gas to the outside and achieving continuous depressurization. Through the synergistic effect of the above-mentioned negative pressure guidance, cooling and depressurization, and staged depressurization, the probability of viscous substances cooling and adhering near the medium-pressure valve 6 is effectively reduced, the risk of valve blockage and jamming of moving parts is reduced, local overheating faults are prevented from escalating into large-scale explosion accidents, and the safety of the battery cabinet body 1 is improved.

[0033] When the rotating plate 11 moves to both sides, the rotating mechanism 10 provided inside the rotating plate 11 starts to work. The rotating mechanism 10 includes a push plate 101 fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating plate 11, and a first hole 102 provided inside the push rod 93. A support rod 103 fixed to the inner wall of both ends of the medium pressure pipe 5 is provided inside the first hole 102. A guide groove 104 is provided on the outer side of the support rod 103. A second hole 105 for nesting the support rod 103 is provided inside the rotating plate 11. A guide rod 106 fixedly connected to the rotating plate 11 and nested inside the guide groove 104 is provided inside the second hole 105. When the rotating plate 11 moves to both sides, it drives the guide rod 106 to move to both sides. The external structure of 4 is spiral-shaped, and the guide groove 104 and guide rod 106 are fitted with a clearance fit. When the rotating plate 11 moves to both sides, it drives the push plate 101 to rotate. The push plate 101 is made of silicone rubber, and the top of the push plate 101 is in contact with the inner side of the medium-pressure pipe 5. Multiple push plates 101 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the rotating plate 11. The rotating plate 11 drives the push plate 101 to rotate, pushing the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to move towards the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe 5. This allows the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to cool down faster, reduces the pressure holding time of the exhaust gas, and reduces the probability of the exhaust gas pressing viscous substances into the inner side of the medium-pressure valve 6. This further reduces the occurrence of valve port blockage and moving part jamming in the medium-pressure valve 6.

[0034] Because the diameter of the rotating plate 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the medium-pressure pipe 5, the exhaust gas must pass through the narrow gap between the rotating plate 11 and the medium-pressure pipe 5 when passing through the position of the rotating plate 11. This forces the exhaust gas to flow closer to the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe 5, significantly accelerating cooling, shortening the pressure holding time of the exhaust gas, and thus reducing the probability of the exhaust gas forcing viscous substances into the inner side of the medium-pressure valve 6. At the same time, the multiple push plates 101 evenly distributed on the outer side of the rotating plate 11 always remain in contact with the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe 5 during the movement, and continuously scrape the pipe wall as the rotating plate 11 rotates, effectively cleaning the viscous substances that may adhere to the inner wall of the pipe and the surface of the push plates 101 themselves. To further reduce the risk of adhesion, an anti-stick coating such as Teflon or diamond-like carbon coating can be applied to key parts such as the push plates 101, the top plate 8, and the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe 5, making it difficult for viscous substances to solidify and adhere. Even if a small amount remains, it can be carried away by the airflow or scraping action during subsequent movement.

[0035] It is important to emphasize that even in extreme cases where the rotating plate 11 or the top plate 8 becomes stuck, the effective volume of the medium-pressure pipeline 5 will not be able to expand dynamically. After gas injection, the pressure will rise rapidly, causing the high-pressure valve 7 to reach its opening threshold and initiate pressure relief earlier. In this case, the worst outcome is that the high-pressure valve 7 cannot be completely reset after activation and needs to be replaced or a disposable rupture disc needs to be used. However, compared to the original solution where the opening threshold was raised due to blockage of the medium-pressure valve 6, a small problem escalated into a large explosion, leading to the overall explosion of the battery cabinet 1, the safety is improved. Therefore, while providing active anti-blocking function, this structure also has the redundancy characteristic of failure-oriented safety. That is, any local blockage will not cause the overall system pressure relief failure, but will transfer the risk to a higher-level pressure relief link, thus buying valuable time for maintenance personnel to handle the situation.

[0036] When the rotating plate 11 rotates, multiple push plates 101 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the rotating plate 11. The rotating plate 11 drives the push plates 101 to rotate, pushing the exhaust gas closer to the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe 5 to accelerate cooling and reduce the pressure holding time of the exhaust gas.

[0037] Because the inner surface of the medium-pressure pipe 5 is rough, the medium-pressure pipe 5 has more contact surface with the exhaust gas, which in turn makes the exhaust gas cool faster and reduces the pressure holding time of the exhaust gas.

[0038] After the exhaust gas is cooled, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas becomes cooled gas, which reduces the volume of the exhaust gas. This reduces the gas pressure on the inner side of the top plate 8 near the intermediate-pressure valve 6, causing the spring 92, push rod 93, and top plate 8 in the elastic mechanism 9 to move towards the intermediate-pressure valve. The elastic mechanism 9 includes a support cylinder 91 fixedly connected to the inner walls of both ends of the intermediate-pressure pipe 5. A spring 92 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support cylinder 91, and a push rod 93 is fixedly connected to one end of the spring 92. The push rod 93 is fixedly connected to the top plate 8. The top plate 8 rotates on the side near the intermediate-pressure valve 6. A pusher cylinder 94 is connected to the rotating plate 11 in a fixed connection. When the gas pressure decreases, the spring 92 pushes the push rod 93 and the top plate 8 to move towards the medium-pressure valve 6, causing the rotating plate 11 and the guide rod 106 to move in opposite directions, thereby driving the pusher plate 101 to rotate. Because the top of the pusher plate 101 is in contact with the inner side of the medium-pressure pipe 5, the pusher plate 101 can clean off the sticky substances solidified on the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe 5. Since the jet time of the medium-pressure valve 6 is uncertain each time, it can leave space for cooling of the subsequent exhaust gas in time.

[0039] As the pusher plate 101 cleans the sticky substance solidified on the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe 5, it pushes these solid impurities and gases to both sides of the medium-pressure pipe 5. After the impurities collide with the inner wall of the pipe, due to their density being greater than that of air, they will naturally settle to the bottom of the medium-pressure pipe 5 when the airflow is still. At this time, the outer side of the impurities has cooled and solidified and no longer has adhesive properties. The pusher plate 101 scrapes them off simultaneously each time the medium-pressure valve 6 is opened. They can be sucked up by the high-speed airflow and discharged to the outside when the high-pressure valve 7 is opened in the subsequent process, thus achieving unified cleaning.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure for an integrated energy storage battery cabinet, comprising a battery cabinet body (1), a battery body (2) disposed inside the battery cabinet body (1), a low-pressure pipe (3) disposed inside the battery cabinet body (1), a low-pressure valve (4) disposed inside the low-pressure pipe (3), a medium-pressure pipe (5) disposed outside the low-pressure pipe (3), a medium-pressure valve (6) disposed inside the medium-pressure pipe (5), and a high-pressure valve (7) disposed outside the battery cabinet body (1), characterized in that, It also includes a top plate (8) located inside the medium-pressure pipeline (5), with an elastic mechanism (9) on the side of the top plate (8) away from the medium-pressure valve (6) and a rotating plate (11) on the side of the top plate (8) close to the medium-pressure valve (6), and a rotating mechanism (10) on the inner side of the rotating plate (11). The elastic mechanism (9) is used to allow the top plate (8) to move to both sides when the medium pressure valve (6) is opened, forming a negative pressure zone on the side near the medium pressure valve (6), guiding the turbulence caused by the high pressure valve (7) into a regular airflow, causing the viscous substance to move away from the medium pressure valve (6), reducing the viscous substance from cooling and adhering near the medium pressure valve (6), and reducing the risk of valve port blockage and moving parts jamming.

2. The multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure of an integrated energy storage battery cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic mechanism (9) includes a support cylinder (91) fixedly connected to the inner wall of both ends of the medium pressure pipe (5). A spring (92) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support cylinder (91). A push rod (93) is fixedly connected to one end of the spring (92). The push rod (93) is fixedly connected to the top plate (8). A push cylinder (94) is rotatably connected to the side of the top plate (8) near the medium pressure valve (6). The push cylinder (94) is fixedly connected to the rotating plate (11). A silicone rubber gasket (95) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the top plate (8). The silicone rubber gasket (95) is used to form a seal with the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe (5) when the top plate (8) moves, and to help form a negative pressure zone.

3. The multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure of an integrated energy storage battery cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the medium-pressure pipe (5) is cylindrical. The inner side of the medium-pressure pipe (5) is attached to the outer side of the silicone rubber gasket (95). The diameter of the rotating plate (11) is smaller than the inner diameter of the medium-pressure pipe (5). The rotating plate (11) is used to allow high-temperature and high-pressure gas to pass through the gap between the rotating plate (11) and the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe (5), forcing the gas to flow along the wall, accelerating cooling, and reducing the pressure holding time.

4. The multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure of an integrated energy storage battery cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner surface of the medium-pressure pipe (5) is roughened to increase the contact area with high-temperature and high-pressure gas, accelerate the gas cooling rate, and shorten the pressure holding time.

5. The multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure of an integrated energy storage battery cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer side of the push rod (93) is in contact with the inner side of the support cylinder (91), and the cross-sectional shape of the push rod (93) is a cuboid, which is used to prevent the push rod (93) from rotating during the movement and to ensure the linear motion stability of the top plate (8) and the rotating plate (11).

6. The multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure of an integrated energy storage battery cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (10) includes a push plate (101) fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating plate (11). The push rod (93) has a first hole (102) inside. The inner side of the first hole (102) is provided with a support rod (103) fixed to the inner side wall of both ends of the medium pressure pipe (5). The outer side of the support rod (103) is provided with a guide groove (104). The rotating plate (11) has a second hole (105) inside for nesting the support rod (103). The inner side of the second hole (105) is provided with a guide rod (106) fixedly connected to the rotating plate (11) and nested inside the guide groove (104). The guide groove (104) cooperates with the guide rod (106) to drive the rotating plate (11) to rotate when the rotating plate (11) moves along the axial direction of the medium-pressure pipe (5), so that the push plate (101) pushes the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to move towards the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe (5).

7. The multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure of an integrated energy storage battery cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The push plate (101) is made of silicone rubber. The top of the push plate (101) is attached to the inner side of the medium pressure pipe (5), and multiple push plates (101) are evenly distributed on the outer side of the rotating plate (11). The push plate (101) is used to guide the gas to flow along the wall to accelerate cooling when the rotating plate (11) rotates, and to scrape off the sticky substance attached to the inner wall of the medium-pressure pipe (5) when the top plate (8) is reset.

8. The multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure of an integrated energy storage battery cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide groove (104) has a spiral structure, and the guide groove (104) and the guide rod (106) are in clearance fit, which is used to convert the linear motion of the rotating plate (11) into rotational motion and ensure that the motion process is smooth and without jamming.

9. The multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure of an integrated energy storage battery cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sticky substance scraped off by the push plate (101) during the resetting process of the top plate (8) is pushed to the middle of the medium-pressure pipeline (5) and remains suspended under normal air pressure to prevent incompletely solidified impurities from re-adhering to the inner wall or valve port, thus ensuring the long-term smooth flow of the medium-pressure pipeline (5).

10. The multi-layer explosion-proof pressure relief structure of an integrated energy storage battery cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate (8), rotating plate (11) and the central axis of the medium-pressure pipeline (5) are on the same straight line to ensure that the top plate (8) and rotating plate (11) are subjected to uniform force during movement, reduce uneven wear, and improve the reliability and repeatability of the pressure relief action.

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