Insulating gasket, cover plate assembly, single battery, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides an insulating gasket, a cover plate assembly, a single battery, a battery pack and a vehicle. The insulating gasket is used to realize electrical isolation between a fixing ring on the side of a pole and a cover plate, and the insulating gasket is a ceramic composite. The heat conduction capacity of the insulating gasket is much better than that of a traditional plastic part. The insulating gasket can effectively realize electrical isolation between the fixing ring and the cover plate, and can efficiently conduct heat generated by the pole to the cover plate and diffuse outward with the help of the cover plate, so as to realize rapid heat dissipation of the pole, effectively inhibit the local temperature rise of the pole from being too high, thereby help to maintain stable charging and discharging power of the single battery, ensure full play of the charging and discharging performance of the single battery, and at the same time help to reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the single battery and ensure the use safety of the single battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power battery technology, and in particular to an insulating gasket, a cover plate assembly, a single cell, a battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] A single battery cell includes a core, a terminal post, a cover plate, and a retaining ring. The cover plate has a terminal post hole through which the terminal post passes. The retaining ring fixes the terminal post in the terminal post hole. One end of the terminal post is connected to the core, and the other end is connected to an external conductive connector. The terminal post enables the charging and discharging function of the single battery cell.

[0003] The retaining ring is mostly made of metal and has a certain degree of conductivity. To prevent the retaining ring from directly contacting the cover plate and causing a short circuit in the individual battery, a plastic part is usually placed between the retaining ring and the cover plate. The plastic part is used to achieve electrical isolation between the two and avoid the risk of short circuit.

[0004] However, plastic parts typically have low thermal conductivity, and their placement between the retaining ring and the cover plate creates significant thermal resistance. During the charging and discharging of a single battery, the heat generated by the current flowing through the terminal is difficult to conduct through the plastic parts to the cover plate and dissipate outwards through the cover plate. This can easily cause excessive local temperature rise in the terminal, which not only limits the charging and discharging power of the single battery and affects its charging and discharging performance, but also increases the risk of thermal runaway in the single battery and threatens its safety in use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides an insulating gasket, a cover plate assembly, a single cell, a battery pack, and a vehicle, to at least solve the problem in the prior art where the plastic part disposed between the retaining ring and the cover plate affects the heat dissipation of the terminal post, resulting in excessive temperature rise of the terminal post.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application is implemented as follows: This application provides an insulating gasket for achieving electrical isolation between the fixing ring on the periphery of the pole post and the cover plate, wherein the insulating gasket is a ceramic composite.

[0007] Optionally, the insulating gasket includes a ceramic layer and a reinforcing layer, the reinforcing layer being connected to at least one side of the ceramic layer along the first direction; wherein, the first direction is the thickness direction of the insulating gasket, and the plasticity of the reinforcing layer is greater than that of the ceramic layer.

[0008] Optionally, the reinforcing layer is a metal layer.

[0009] Optionally, the dimension of the reinforcing layer along the first direction is smaller than the dimension of the ceramic layer along the first direction; and / or, the projection of the reinforcing layer along the first direction lies within the projection of the ceramic layer along the first direction.

[0010] Optionally, the size range of the insulating pad along the first direction is 0.5mm-1.5mm; wherein the size of the reinforcing layer along the first direction accounts for no more than 20% of the size of the insulating pad along the first direction.

[0011] Optionally, the ceramic layer is any one of an alumina layer, a zirconium oxide layer, an aluminum nitride layer, and a boron nitride layer.

[0012] Optionally, the metal layer is any one of an aluminum alloy layer, a copper layer, a titanium alloy layer, or a stainless steel layer.

[0013] This application also provides a cover plate assembly, including a cover plate, a pole post, a retaining ring, and an insulating gasket as described in any one of the above; the cover plate is provided with a pole post hole that extends through the cover plate in a first direction, and the pole post passes through the pole post hole; the retaining ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pole post and fixes the pole post in the pole post hole; the insulating gasket is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pole post and disposed between the retaining ring and the cover plate to achieve electrical isolation between the retaining ring and the cover plate.

[0014] Optionally, the fixing ring has an inner ring surface and an outer ring surface that are radially opposite to each other along the pole hole, wherein the inner ring surface is connected to the pole; and along the first direction, the projection of the outer ring surface is located within the projection of the insulating gasket.

[0015] Optionally, the cover plate assembly further includes a sealing ring, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pole post, with the side of the sealing ring facing away from the pole post abutting against the wall of the pole post hole; the side of the insulating gasket near the pole post abutting against the sealing ring.

[0016] This application also provides a single battery cell, including a housing, an electrode core, and a cover plate assembly as described in any of the above claims; the electrode core is disposed within the housing, the electrode core has a tab, the cover plate is disposed on the tab side and connected to the housing, and the terminal post is connected to the tab.

[0017] This application also provides a battery pack, including the aforementioned single battery cell.

[0018] This application also provides a vehicle including the aforementioned battery pack.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the insulating gasket described in this application has the following advantages: The insulating gasket in this application is a ceramic composite. The thermal conductivity of the insulating gasket is far superior to that of traditional plastic parts. It can effectively achieve electrical isolation between the fixing ring and the cover plate, and can also efficiently conduct the heat generated by the current flowing through the terminal to the cover plate, and then diffuse it outward with the help of the cover plate to achieve rapid heat dissipation of the terminal. This effectively suppresses excessive local temperature rise of the terminal, thereby helping to maintain a stable charging and discharging power of the single battery, ensuring the full performance of the charging and discharging of the single battery, and at the same time helping to reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the single battery, ensuring the safety of the single battery in use. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the cover plate assembly in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is one of the cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the cover plate assembly in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the insulating gasket in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the insulating gasket in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a second cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cover plate assembly in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is the third cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cover plate assembly in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a single battery cell in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Cover plate, 10-Pole post hole, 101-Upper surface, 102-Lower surface, 11-Main substrate, 12-Lower plastic, 2-Pole post, 3-Fixing ring, 31-Outer ring surface, 4-Insulating gasket, 41-Ceramic layer, 42-Reinforcing layer, 5-Sealing ring, 6-Explosion-proof valve, 7-Shell, 8-Pole core, 81-Pole tab, 82-Insulating film, Z-First direction. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0024] It should be understood that the phrase "some embodiments" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "some embodiments" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0025] The following detailed description of specific embodiments provides an insulating gasket, cover plate assembly, single cell, battery pack, and vehicle provided in this application.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 An insulating gasket is provided in this application embodiment to achieve electrical isolation between the fixing ring 3 on the periphery of the pole post 2 and the cover plate 1, wherein the insulating gasket 4 is a ceramic composite.

[0027] Specifically, the insulating pad 4 provided in this application embodiment is applied to a single battery cell. The single battery cell includes a terminal post 2, a cover plate 1, a fixing ring 3, etc. The cover plate 1 has a terminal post hole 10, the terminal post 2 passes through the terminal post hole 10, and the fixing ring 3 fixes the terminal post 2 in the terminal post hole 10. The charging and discharging function of the single battery cell can be realized through the terminal post 2.

[0028] In existing technologies, to prevent short circuits in individual cells caused by direct contact between the retaining ring 3 and the cover plate 1, a plastic component is typically placed between the retaining ring 3 and the cover plate 1. This plastic component provides electrical isolation between the two, mitigating the risk of short circuits. However, the thermal conductivity of the plastic component is low, typically in the range of 0.1 W / m·K to 0.3 W / m·K. When placed between the retaining ring 3 and the cover plate 1, it creates significant thermal resistance, hindering the transfer of heat from the electrode post 2 to the cover plate 1. This can easily lead to excessively high local temperatures in the electrode post 2, thereby affecting the charge and discharge performance of the individual cell and threatening its safety. Based on this, in this embodiment, an insulating gasket 4 is used instead of a plastic part. The insulating gasket 4 is a ceramic composite part, and the thermal conductivity of the ceramic composite part can typically reach 20W / m·K-170W / m·K, which is much higher than that of the plastic part. That is, the thermal conductivity of the insulating gasket 4 is much better than that of the traditional plastic part. The insulating gasket 4 can effectively achieve electrical isolation between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1, and can also efficiently conduct the heat generated by the current flowing through the electrode post 2 to the cover plate 1, and diffuse it outward with the help of the cover plate 1 to achieve rapid heat dissipation of the electrode post 2. This effectively suppresses the excessive local temperature rise of the electrode post 2, thereby helping to maintain a stable charging and discharging power of the single battery, ensuring the full performance of the charging and discharging of the single battery, and at the same time helping to reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the single battery and ensure the safety of the single battery.

[0029] Among them, the insulating gasket 4 can be a ceramic-polymer composite, such as using alumina and aluminum nitride ceramic particles as inorganic fillers, filled into a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) polymer matrix for composite molding; the insulating gasket 4 can also be a ceramic-metal matrix composite, using alumina or zirconium oxide ceramic layers and a thin metal substrate; the insulating gasket 4 can also be a ceramic matrix composite, using alumina fiber or mullite fiber as reinforcing phase, and the matrix is ​​selected as alumina or silicon nitride ceramic.

[0030] Reference Figures 3 to 6 In some optional embodiments of this application, the insulating pad 4 includes a ceramic layer 41 and a reinforcing layer 42, wherein the reinforcing layer 42 is connected to at least one side of the ceramic layer 41 along a first direction Z; wherein the first direction Z is the thickness direction of the insulating pad 4, and the plasticity of the reinforcing layer 42 is greater than that of the ceramic layer 41.

[0031] In this embodiment, the ceramic layer 41 is any one of the following: aluminum oxide layer, zirconium oxide layer, aluminum nitride layer, and boron nitride layer. The above-mentioned ceramic materials have excellent electrical insulation properties, which can ensure the electrical isolation effect between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1. At the same time, they have a high thermal conductivity, which can efficiently transfer the heat generated by the current flow of the electrode post 2, realize the rapid heat dissipation of the electrode post 2, and avoid excessive local temperature rise of the electrode post 2.

[0032] The reinforcing layer 42 is connected to at least one side of the ceramic layer 41 along the first direction Z, meaning that the reinforcing layer 42 can be connected to one side of the ceramic layer 41 along the first direction Z, or it can be connected to both sides of the ceramic layer 41 along the first direction Z. Figure 3 The diagram shows how the reinforcing layer 42 is connected to the upper side of the ceramic layer 41, and the insulating gasket 4 abuts against the retaining ring 3 through the reinforcing layer 42; as shown Figure 5 The diagram shows how the reinforcing layer 42 is connected to the underside of the ceramic layer 41, and the insulating gasket 4 abuts against the cover plate 1 through the reinforcing layer 42; as shown Figure 4 and Figure 6 The diagram shows that the reinforcing layer 42 is connected to both sides of the ceramic layer 41 respectively. The insulating gasket 4 abuts against the fixing ring 3 through the upper reinforcing layer 42 and abuts against the cover plate 1 through the lower reinforcing layer 42.

[0033] The reinforcing layer 42 has greater plasticity than the ceramic layer 41. For example, the reinforcing layer 42 can be a metal layer or an alloy layer, or a high-polymer toughness film layer, such as a polyimide (PI) film layer or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film layer. The ceramic layer 41 is usually brittle and is prone to cracking and breakage when molded alone. By adding a reinforcing layer 42 with greater plasticity, the overall plastic deformation capacity, structural strength, and impact resistance of the insulating gasket 4 can be improved. During assembly, it is more conducive to dispersing the stress on the ceramic layer 41, reducing stress concentration, and preventing the ceramic layer 41 from being damaged or broken under pressure. This helps to ensure the structural integrity of the insulating gasket 4 and maintain its good insulation and thermal conductivity. Furthermore, the reinforcement layer 42 also allows the ceramic layer 41 to be smaller in size along the first direction Z, that is, the ceramic layer 41 to be thinner, which helps to reduce the overall thickness of the insulating pad 4 and improve the space utilization of the electrode core 8 in the first direction Z while keeping the size of the single cell unchanged.

[0034] It should be noted that when the reinforcing layer 42 is connected to only one side of the ceramic layer 41, the reinforcing layer 42 can only contact either the fixing ring 3 or the cover plate 1 to ensure that the ceramic layer 41 can achieve electrical isolation between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1. When the reinforcing layer 42 is connected to both sides of the ceramic layer 41, the ceramic layer 41 needs to isolate the reinforcing layers 42 on both sides so that the reinforcing layers 42 on both sides do not come into contact, in order to ensure that the ceramic layer 41 can achieve electrical isolation between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1.

[0035] In some optional embodiments of this application, the reinforcing layer 42 is a metal layer. The metal layer can be any one of aluminum alloy, copper, titanium alloy, or stainless steel. These metal materials exhibit good chemical stability, strong corrosion resistance, and the ability to maintain structural integrity over a long period. They are also easily processed into thin-layer structures, facilitating composite molding with the ceramic layer 41. Furthermore, the metal layer possesses strong plastic deformation capabilities, which can disperse and buffer localized stress concentrations generated during assembly, effectively protecting the ceramic layer 41 and preventing it from breaking under pressure. Simultaneously, the metal layer has excellent thermal conductivity, which, combined with the highly thermally conductive ceramic layer 41, further enhances the overall thermal conductivity of the insulating gasket 4, accelerating the outward conduction of heat from the electrode post 2.

[0036] The metal layer and the ceramic layer 41 can be connected by brazing or by bonding. This embodiment does not limit the connection method between the two.

[0037] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some optional embodiments of this application, the size of the reinforcing layer 42 along the first direction Z is smaller than the size of the ceramic layer 41 along the first direction Z; and / or, the projection of the reinforcing layer 42 along the first direction Z is located within the projection of the ceramic layer 41 along the first direction Z.

[0038] Wherein, the dimension of the reinforcing layer 42 along the first direction Z is smaller than the dimension of the ceramic layer 41 along the first direction Z, and the dimension of the reinforcing layer 42 along the first direction Z is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in h1, the dimensions of the ceramic layer 41 along the first direction Z are as follows: Figure 3 As shown in h2, that is, h1 < h2, the thickness of the reinforcing layer 42 is less than the thickness of the ceramic layer 41. This arrangement serves two purposes: firstly, the ceramic layer 41 primarily provides electrical isolation between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1, therefore its thickness needs to be relatively thick to ensure effective electrical isolation between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1. Secondly, if the ceramic layer 41 is too thin, the reinforcing layer 42 may simultaneously contact both the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1, increasing the risk of a short circuit in the individual battery cell.

[0039] The projection of the reinforcing layer 42 along the first direction Z is located within the projection of the ceramic layer 41 along the first direction Z, which means that the area of ​​the reinforcing layer 42 does not exceed the area of ​​the ceramic layer 41. The edge of the reinforcing layer 42 is placed on the ceramic layer 41 and will not exceed the edge of the ceramic layer 41. This can effectively prevent the reinforcing layer 42 from contacting the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1 at the same time, reducing the risk of short circuit in a single cell.

[0040] The insulating pad 4 can satisfy the following conditions: the size of the reinforcing layer 42 along the first direction Z is smaller than the size of the ceramic layer 41 along the first direction Z, and the projection of the reinforcing layer 42 along the first direction Z is located within the projection of the ceramic layer 41 along the first direction Z. Either of these two conditions can be satisfied at the same time to achieve a better effect.

[0041] In some optional embodiments of this application, the dimension of the insulating gasket 4 along the first direction Z ranges from 0.5mm to 1.5mm; wherein the dimension of the reinforcing layer 42 along the first direction Z accounts for no more than 20% of the dimension of the insulating gasket 4 along the first direction Z. The overall thickness of the insulating gasket 4 is controlled within the range of 0.5mm to 1.5mm, which satisfies the molding conditions of the ceramic layer 41 and the reinforcing layer 42 without excessively occupying space in the first direction Z, thus facilitating the thinner design of the insulating gasket 4. Specifically, limiting the thickness of the reinforcing layer 42 to within 20% of the overall thickness of the insulating gasket 4, for example, when the overall thickness of the insulating gasket 4 is 0.5mm, the thickness of the reinforcing layer 42 does not exceed 0.1mm; when the overall thickness of the insulating gasket 4 is 1.5mm, the thickness of the reinforcing layer 42 does not exceed 0.3mm. This ensures that the ceramic layer 41 constitutes the majority of the thickness of the insulating gasket 4, thereby guaranteeing the electrical isolation and efficient heat conduction of the insulating gasket 4. Meanwhile, the reinforcing layer 42 within the aforementioned thickness range can fully utilize its plastic deformation function to absorb concentrated stress during assembly and protect the ceramic layer 41. It can also reduce the risk of short circuits caused by edge movement and metal exposure due to excessive thickness of the reinforcing layer 42, while taking into account the electrical isolation performance, thermal conductivity and heat dissipation performance, and structural strength of the insulating gasket 4.

[0042] Reference Figures 1 to 6 This application also provides a cover plate assembly, which includes a cover plate 1, a pole post 2, a fixing ring 3, and an insulating gasket 4 as described in any of the above embodiments; the cover plate 1 is provided with a pole post hole 10 that passes through the cover plate 1 in the first direction Z, and the pole post 2 passes through the pole post hole 10; the fixing ring 3 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pole post 2 and fixes the pole post 2 in the pole post hole 10; the insulating gasket 4 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pole post 2 and disposed between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1 to achieve electrical isolation between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, the cover plate 1 serves as the main support structure of the cover plate assembly, primarily composed of a main substrate 11 and a lower plastic 12. The main substrate 11 is typically made of aluminum sheet, possessing excellent strength and rigidity as well as certain electrical conductivity, providing a mounting base for components such as the electrode post 2, fixing ring 3, and insulating gasket 4. The lower plastic 12 is connected to the surface of the main substrate 11 facing the electrode core, relying on its own insulating properties to achieve electrical isolation between the main substrate 11 and the electrode core, preventing direct contact between the main substrate 11 and the electrode core from causing a short circuit in the individual battery. The cover plate 1 is provided with an electrode post hole 10 penetrating the cover plate 1 along the first direction Z. In other words, the electrode post hole 10 penetrates the main substrate 11 and the lower plastic 12 along the first direction Z, providing an assembly channel for the electrode post 2. Figure 1 As shown, the cover plate 1 has an upper surface 101 and a lower surface 102 disposed opposite to each other along the first direction Z. The upper surface 101 is the surface of the main substrate 11 facing away from the lower plastic 12 and facing the outside of the single cell. The lower surface 102 is the surface of the lower plastic 12 facing away from the main substrate 11 and facing the inside of the single cell and facing the electrode core.

[0044] Terminal 2 includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal, such as... Figure 1 The cover plate assembly shown includes two terminals 2, one of which is a positive terminal and the other is a negative terminal. The positive and negative terminals are installed in the same way on the cover plate 1, so the following embodiments will not distinguish between them. The terminal 2 passes through the terminal hole 10 on the cover plate 1. One end of the terminal 2 extends into the housing 7 of the single cell and connects to the tab on the electrode core. The other end of the terminal 2 extends to the outside of the cover plate 1 and connects to external busbars and other conductive components, thereby constructing a conductive path extending from the internal electrode core of the single cell to the outside, realizing the charging and discharging function of the single cell.

[0045] The retaining ring 3 is disposed on the upper surface 101 of the cover plate 1, that is, the retaining ring 3 is disposed close to the outer side of the single cell. The retaining ring 3 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the terminal post 2, which can fix the terminal post 2 in the terminal post hole 10. For example, the retaining ring 3 can be a riveting block. A press riveting process is used to apply axial and radial pressure to the riveting block with a special press riveting tool, so that the riveting block undergoes plastic deformation to form an interlocking structure, thereby locking and fixing the terminal post 2 in the terminal post hole 10 of the cover plate 1.

[0046] An insulating gasket 4 is disposed between the fixing ring 3 and the upper surface 101 of the cover plate 1, and is fitted around the outer periphery of the pole post 2. For example... Figure 2As shown, the insulating gasket 4 abuts against the fixing ring 3 on one side along the first direction Z, and against the upper surface 101 of the cover plate 1 on the other side, achieving electrical isolation between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1, preventing short circuits in the individual battery caused by direct contact between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1. The insulating gasket 4 is the type described in any of the above embodiments; that is, the thermal conductivity of the insulating gasket 4 is far superior to that of traditional plastic parts. It can effectively achieve electrical isolation between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1, and efficiently conduct the heat generated by the current flowing through the electrode 2 to the cover plate 1, where it diffuses outwards, achieving rapid heat dissipation of the electrode 2. This effectively suppresses excessive local temperature rise in the electrode 2, thereby helping to maintain stable charging and discharging power of the individual battery, ensuring the full performance of the individual battery's charging and discharging capabilities, and reducing the risk of thermal runaway in the individual battery, thus ensuring the safety of the individual battery in use. (Refer to...) Figure 2 In some optional embodiments of this application, the fixing ring 3 has an inner ring surface and an outer ring surface 31 that are radially opposite to each other along the pole hole 10, wherein the inner ring surface is connected to the pole 2; along the first direction Z, the projection of the outer ring surface 31 is located within the projection of the insulating pad 4.

[0047] In this embodiment, the retaining ring 3 undergoes plastic deformation, causing its inner ring surface to tightly abut against the outer peripheral surface of the electrode post 2, thus locking the electrode post 2 into the electrode post hole 10 of the cover plate 1. The projection of the outer ring surface 31 of the electrode post 2 along the first direction Z lies within the projection of the insulating pad 4 along the first direction Z, meaning that the outer edge of the retaining ring 3 along the radial direction of the electrode post hole 10 will not exceed the outer edge of the insulating pad 4 along the radial direction of the electrode post hole 10. This prevents the outer edge of the retaining ring 3 from contacting the upper surface 101 of the cover plate 1, further avoiding the risk of a short circuit in a single battery cell caused by contact between the retaining ring 3 and the cover plate 1.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some optional embodiments of this application, the cover plate assembly further includes a sealing ring 5, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pole post 2, and the side of the sealing ring 5 away from the pole post 2 abuts against the hole wall of the pole post hole 10; the side of the insulating gasket 4 near the pole post 2 abuts against the sealing ring 5.

[0049] In this embodiment, the sealing ring 5 is made of materials such as rubber and silicone, which has excellent deformation and sealing capabilities. The sealing ring 5 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the electrode post 2 and abuts against the hole wall of the electrode post hole 10. It can fill the gap between the electrode post 2 and the electrode post hole 10, realize the sealing protection of the outer periphery of the electrode post 2, prevent the electrolyte or gas inside the electrode core from overflowing outward, and at the same time block external water vapor and other impurities from entering the electrode core, thus maintaining the performance of the single battery cell.

[0050] The insulating gasket 4 abuts against the sealing ring 5 on the side closest to the terminal post 2. This provides more comprehensive protection on the outer circumference of the terminal post 2, preventing electrolyte or gas from leaking out between the insulating gasket 4 and the sealing ring 5. It also prevents external moisture and other impurities from entering the terminal post through this area, thus maintaining the performance of the individual battery cell. Furthermore, the contact between the insulating gasket 4 and the sealing ring 5 enhances the electrical isolation between the insulating gasket 4 and the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1, reducing the risk of short circuits in the individual battery cell. Additionally, the contact between the insulating gasket 4 and the sealing ring 5 creates a continuous heat conduction path. The heat generated by current flowing through the terminal post 2 can be directly transferred to the insulating gasket 4 or the cover plate 1 through the sealing ring 5, and then diffused outwards via the insulating gasket 4 or the cover plate 1, further improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the terminal post 2.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pole post 2 includes a column portion and a plate portion connected to each other. The pole post 2 mentioned in all embodiments of this application is inserted into the pole post hole 10 on the cover plate 1. Specifically, the column portion of the pole post 2 is inserted into the pole post hole 10 on the cover plate 1, and the plate portion of the pole post 2 is connected to one side of the column portion along the first direction Z and placed on one side of the lower surface 102 of the cover plate 1. The pole post 2 is connected to the electrode tab on the pole core through the plate portion. The two can be connected by welding. The plate portion can increase the connection area between the pole post 2 and the electrode tab, thereby enhancing the connection reliability between the pole post 2 and the electrode tab.

[0052] The sealing ring 5 is fitted around the outer periphery of the pole post 2, specifically the outer periphery of the pole body. One side of the sealing ring 5 is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the pole body, and the other side of the sealing ring 5 is in close contact with the hole wall of the pole post hole 10. The side of the sealing ring 5 near the plate body extends radially outward along the pole post hole 10 to form an extension. The lower side of the extension is in close contact with the surface of the plate body, and the upper side of the extension is in close contact with the lower surface 102 of the cover plate 1. This creates a tighter contact relationship, which is more conducive to enhancing the sealing and protective effect of the sealing ring 5 on the outer periphery of the pole post 2.

[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cover plate assembly also includes an explosion-proof valve 6. The cover plate 1 has a valve hole that runs through the cover plate 1 along the first direction Z. The explosion-proof valve 6 is installed in the valve hole. When the internal pressure of the single cell rises abnormally to a certain threshold, the explosion-proof valve 6 can open to release pressure, thereby releasing the high-pressure gas in the casing 7, reducing the risk of the single cell exploding, and improving the safety of the single cell.

[0054] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8This application embodiment also provides a single battery cell, including a housing 7, an electrode core 8, and a cover plate assembly; the electrode core 8 is disposed inside the housing 7, the electrode core 8 has an electrode tab 81, the cover plate 1 is disposed on the side of the electrode tab 81 and connected to the housing 7, and the electrode post 2 is connected to the electrode tab 81.

[0055] In this embodiment, the housing 7 serves as the main support and load-bearing structure of the single battery cell. An accommodating cavity for housing the electrode core 8 is formed inside the housing 7. The electrode core 8 is arranged within this cavity, with its tab 81 facing the opening of the cavity. A cover plate 1 is fitted into the opening of the cavity, i.e., the side with the tab 81 of the electrode core 8. The cover plate 1 is fixedly connected to the opening end of the housing 7. The connection between the cover plate 1 and the housing 7 can be achieved by any of the following methods: fastener locking assembly, welding, or riveting, as long as the connection reliability is guaranteed. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this method. A terminal post 2 is inserted into the terminal post hole 10. One end of the terminal post 2 extends into the accommodating cavity and is welded to the tab 81 leading out from the electrode core 8, thus achieving an electrical connection between the terminal post 2 and the tab 81. The other end of the terminal post 2 extends to the outside of the cover plate 1 and connects to external busbars or other conductive components, thereby constructing a conductive path extending from the internal electrode core 8 to the outside of the single battery cell, realizing the charging and discharging function of the single battery cell. The surface of the electrode core 8 is also covered with an insulating film 82 to achieve electrical isolation between the electrode core 8 and the casing 7, and to prevent the two from contacting each other and causing a short circuit in the single cell.

[0056] The cover plate assembly adopts the cover plate assembly described in any of the above embodiments. The cover plate assembly eliminates the plastic part between the fixing ring 3 and the upper surface 101 of the cover plate 1 in the traditional method. Instead, it adopts an insulating gasket 4 made of ceramic composite material. The thermal conductivity of the insulating gasket 4 is much better than that of the traditional plastic part. The insulating gasket 4 can not only effectively realize the electrical isolation between the fixing ring 3 and the cover plate 1, but also efficiently conduct the heat generated by the current flow of the electrode 2 to the cover plate 1, and diffuse it outward with the help of the cover plate 1 to realize the rapid heat dissipation of the electrode 2. This effectively suppresses the excessive local temperature rise of the electrode 2, thereby helping to maintain the stable charging and discharging power of the single battery, ensuring the full performance of the charging and discharging of the single battery, and reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the single battery, thus ensuring the safety of the single battery.

[0057] This application embodiment also provides a battery pack, including individual batteries. Specifically, there are multiple individual batteries, and the battery pack also includes a housing, a busbar assembly, etc. Multiple individual batteries are disposed in the housing and form a battery pack by means of series connection, parallel connection, or series-parallel connection. The battery pack is electrically connected to the busbar assembly, which is used to lead out the current in the battery pack to realize the charging and discharging function of the battery pack.

[0058] The individual battery cells used in the above embodiments are all battery cells described in the above embodiments. The battery cells use the cover plate assembly described in any of the above embodiments, which helps to ensure the full performance of the battery pack's charging and discharging capabilities, reduces the risk of thermal runaway in the battery pack, and ensures the safety of the battery pack in use.

[0059] This application also provides a vehicle including a battery pack. Specifically, the vehicle is an electric vehicle, including a hybrid vehicle or a pure electric vehicle. The battery pack, as a key energy storage component of the electric vehicle, supplies electrical energy to the vehicle's drive motor. The structural reliability and safety performance of the battery pack directly affect the vehicle's driving safety. The battery pack uses the battery pack described in the above embodiments, and the battery pack uses the single-cell battery described in the above embodiments. The single-cell battery uses the cover plate assembly described in any of the above embodiments, thereby facilitating the protection of the vehicle's driving safety.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the term "comprising" or any other variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An insulating gasket for achieving electrical isolation between a retaining ring on the periphery of a pole post and a cover plate, characterized in that, The insulating pad (4) is a ceramic composite.

2. The insulating gasket according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating pad (4) includes a ceramic layer (41) and a reinforcing layer (42), the reinforcing layer (42) being connected to at least one side of the ceramic layer (41) along a first direction (Z); Wherein, the first direction (Z) is the thickness direction of the insulating pad (4), and the plasticity of the reinforcing layer (42) is greater than that of the ceramic layer (41).

3. The insulating gasket according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reinforcing layer (42) is a metal layer.

4. The insulating gasket according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The dimension of the reinforcing layer (42) along the first direction (Z) is smaller than the dimension of the ceramic layer (41) along the first direction (Z); And / or, the projection of the reinforcing layer (42) along the first direction (Z) lies within the projection of the ceramic layer (41) along the first direction (Z).

5. The insulating gasket according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The size range of the insulating pad (4) along the first direction (Z) is 0.5mm-1.5mm; The dimension of the reinforcing layer (42) along the first direction (Z) is no more than 20% of the dimension of the insulating pad (4) along the first direction (Z).

6. The insulating gasket according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The ceramic layer (41) is any one of the following: aluminum oxide layer, zirconium oxide layer, aluminum nitride layer, and boron nitride layer.

7. The insulating gasket according to claim 3, characterized in that, The metal layer is any one of aluminum alloy, copper, titanium alloy, and stainless steel.

8. A cover plate assembly, characterized in that, Includes a cover plate (1), a pole post (2), a retaining ring (3), and an insulating gasket (4) as described in any one of claims 1-7; The cover plate (1) is provided with a pole hole (10) that passes through the cover plate (1) in the first direction (Z), and the pole (2) passes through the pole hole (10). The fixing ring (3) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pole post (2) and fixes the pole post (2) in the pole post hole (10); The insulating pad (4) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pole post (2) and is disposed between the fixing ring (3) and the cover plate (1) to achieve electrical isolation between the fixing ring (3) and the cover plate (1).

9. The cover plate assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fixing ring (3) has an inner ring surface and an outer ring surface (31) arranged radially opposite to each other along the pole hole (10), wherein the inner ring surface is connected to the pole (2); Along the first direction (Z), the projection of the outer annular surface (31) lies within the projection of the insulating pad (4).

10. The cover plate assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cover plate assembly also includes a sealing ring (5), which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pole post (2), and the side of the sealing ring (5) away from the pole post (2) abuts against the hole wall of the pole post hole (10). The insulating gasket (4) abuts against the sealing ring (5) on the side near the pole (2).

11. A single-cell battery, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (7), an electrode core (8), and a cover plate assembly as described in any one of claims 8-10; the electrode core (8) is disposed within the housing (7), the electrode core (8) has an electrode tab (81), the cover plate (1) is disposed on the side of the electrode tab (81) and connected to the housing (7), and the electrode post (2) is connected to the electrode tab (81).

12. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the single-cell battery as described in claim 11.

13. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in claim 12.

Images