Radiating structure, radiating assembly, antenna system, communication device and communication system

Abstract

The application provides a radiation structure, a radiation assembly, an antenna system, a communication device and a communication system, relates to the technical field of communication, and aims to solve the problem of poor phase center stability of an antenna system. The radiation structure provided by the application comprises a first radiator, a grounding arm and a plurality of first feeding arms, the first end of the grounding arm is located in the central region of the radiator, the first ends of the plurality of first feeding arms are all located in the radiator, and the first ends of the plurality of first feeding arms are all distributed around the central region of the first radiator. In the radiation structure provided by the application, the first end of the grounding arm is located in the central region of the first radiator, the central grounding of the first radiator can be realized, the phase center performance of the first radiator can be effectively improved, the first ends of the plurality of first feeding arms are all distributed around the first end of the grounding arm, the phase center performance of the first radiator can be further improved, and the first radiator has better phase center stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a radiating structure, radiating component, antenna system, communication equipment, and communication system. Background Technology

[0002] An antenna system mainly includes components such as a radiator and a feed line. The radiator, as the main component of the antenna, is primarily used for the radiation and reception of electromagnetic waves. The radiator is connected to the feed line, which transmits radio frequency signals to the radiator, enabling it to radiate electromagnetic waves. Additionally, the radiator can also transmit received electromagnetic waves from the outside world to the feed line, thus enabling the transmission and reception of wireless signals.

[0003] Satellite navigation systems are rapidly developing towards higher precision, wider coverage, and more diversified services. For example, satellite navigation systems primarily rely on satellite radiators to achieve their wireless communication and positioning functions. The phase center stability of the antenna has a crucial impact on positioning accuracy and communication performance, and improving the phase center stability of the antenna is currently a hot research topic. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a radiating structure, radiating component, antenna system, communication equipment, and communication system with good phase center stability.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a radiating structure, including a first radiator, a grounding arm, and a plurality of first feed arms. The first radiator includes a first radiating surface, a first end of the grounding arm is located in the central region of the first radiator, and a second end of the grounding arm extends in a direction away from the first radiating surface. The first ends of the plurality of first feed arms are all located on the first radiator, and the second ends of the plurality of first feed arms all extend in a direction away from the first radiating surface. The first ends of the plurality of first feed arms are distributed around the first end of the grounding arm.

[0006] In the radiating structure provided in this application, the first end of the grounding arm is located in the central region of the first radiator, which can achieve central grounding of the first radiator and effectively improve the phase center performance of the first radiator. In addition, the first ends of multiple first feed arms are distributed around the first end of the grounding arm, which can further improve the phase center performance of the first radiator and make the first radiator have better phase center stability.

[0007] In one example, the first radiator, the grounding arm, and multiple first feed arms are integrated into a single structure, which improves the ease of fabrication and structural stability of the radiating structure.

[0008] In one example, the first radiator has a first notch, and the first end of the grounding arm is located at a portion of the edge of the first notch to facilitate the fabrication of the radiating structure using cutting and bending processes to improve material utilization efficiency.

[0009] In one example, the shape of the first notch can be larger than that of the grounding arm, allowing the grounding arm to be bent outwards from the inside of the first notch. This method improves the ease of fabrication of the radial structure, saves material, and increases material utilization efficiency.

[0010] In one example, the width of the first notch can be less than or equal to 0.1λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the radiating structure. By reasonably constraining the width of the first notch, it is possible to avoid a significant impact on the operating performance of the radiating structure due to the opening of the first notch.

[0011] In one example, the length of the first notch can be less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the radiating structure. By reasonably constraining the length of the first notch, it is possible to avoid a significant impact on the operating performance of the radiating structure due to the opening of the first notch.

[0012] In one example, the first radiator has multiple second notches, each corresponding to a multiple first feed arms. In the one-to-one correspondence between the second notches and the first feed arms, the first end of the first feed arm is located at a portion of the edge of the second notch, facilitating the fabrication of the radiating structure using cutting and bending processes to improve material utilization efficiency.

[0013] In one example, the shape of the second notch can be larger than that of the first feed arm, allowing the first feed arm to be folded outward from the inside of the second notch. This method improves the ease of fabrication of the radial structure, saves material, and increases material utilization efficiency.

[0014] In one example, at least two second gaps can be symmetrical about the first gap. Alternatively, it can be considered that at least two first feed arms are symmetrical about the grounding arm. This approach can effectively improve the phase center stability of the radiating structure.

[0015] In one example, the first end of the first feed arm is located at the edge of the second notch near the central region of the first radiator. This helps to reduce the conductive path between the first feed arm and the ground arm, allowing the radiating structure to achieve a lower operating frequency within a smaller size, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the radiating structure.

[0016] Secondly, this application also provides a radiating assembly. The radiating assembly includes a first radiating structure and a second radiating structure, the first radiating structure being the aforementioned radiating structure. The second radiating structure includes a second radiator and a plurality of second feed arms. The resonant frequencies of the first radiator and the second radiator of the first radiating structure (or radiating structure) are different. The second radiator includes a second radiating surface, and the first ends of the plurality of second feed arms are all connected to the second radiator, while the second ends of the plurality of second feed arms extend in a direction away from the second radiating surface. The first radiating surface and the second radiating surface have the same orientation, and the second radiator is located on the side of the first radiating surface facing the first radiator, or the second radiator is located on the side of the first radiating surface away from the first radiator.

[0017] In the radiating component provided in this application, by equipping it with a first radiating structure and a second radiating structure, the radiating component can have a wider operating frequency band. In addition, the first radiating structure and the second radiating structure are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the first radiating surface (or the second radiating surface), which can effectively reduce the area occupied by the radiating component, enabling the radiating component to be used in spaces with high space requirements.

[0018] In one example, the first ends of multiple second feed arms are distributed around the central region of the second radiator, which makes the second radiating structure have good phase center stability and also helps to improve the phase center stability of the entire radiating assembly.

[0019] In one example, the second radiator and the second feed arm are an integral structure. This approach improves the ease of fabrication and structural stability of the second radiating structure.

[0020] In one example, along a direction perpendicular to the first radiating surface of the first radiator, the projection of the central region of the second radiator onto the central region of the first radiator overlaps. This method allows the entire radiating assembly to have better phase center stability.

[0021] In one example, the second radiator is located on the side opposite to the first radiating surface of the first radiator. The second radiator has a first window and multiple second windows, with multiple first feed arms corresponding one-to-one with the multiple second windows. A grounding arm passes through the first window, and the multiple first feed arms pass through the multiple second windows respectively. By setting the first and second windows in the second radiator, structural interference between the first and second radiating structures can be avoided.

[0022] In one example, the first window is located in the central region of the second radiator, and multiple second windows are distributed around the central region of the second radiator. This approach helps to improve the phase center stability of the radiating component.

[0023] In one example, the grounding arm is fixedly connected to at least a portion of the edge of the first window, which ensures the connection stability between the first and second radiating structures and facilitates the fixing of the radiating components to the antenna system.

[0024] In one example, the grounding arm makes conductive contact with at least a portion of the edge of the first window. This method enables the grounding connection of the second radiator, improving the phase center stability of the second radiating structure.

[0025] In one example, within at least a one-to-one correspondence between the first feed arm and the second window, the first feed arm is fixedly connected to at least a portion of the edge of the second window. This ensures the connection stability between the first and second radiating structures and facilitates the fixing of the radiating components to the antenna system.

[0026] In one example, the second radiator is located on one side facing the first radiating surface of the first radiator. The first radiator has multiple third windows, and multiple second feed arms correspond one-to-one with each third window. Specifically, in the one-to-one correspondence between the second feed arms and the third windows, the second feed arms pass through the third windows. By setting the third windows, structural interference between the first and second radiating structures can be avoided.

[0027] In one example, the second feed arm is fixedly connected to at least a portion of the edge of the third window. This ensures the stability of the connection between the first and second radiating structures and also facilitates the fixing of the radiating components to the antenna system.

[0028] Thirdly, this application also provides an antenna system. The antenna system includes a floor and at least one of the aforementioned first radiating structures. Alternatively, the antenna system includes at least one of the aforementioned radiating components, which are located on a first side of the floor.

[0029] The grounding arm of the first radiator is electrically connected to the floor. The floor also includes multiple through holes. Multiple first feed arms and multiple through holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. In the one-to-one correspondence of through holes and first feed arms, the first feed arms pass through the floor.

[0030] In the antenna system provided in this application, by equipping it with the aforementioned first radiating structure, the antenna system exhibits better phase center stability, effectively improving its reliability and positioning accuracy. Furthermore, by equipping it with the aforementioned radiating components, the antenna system achieves a wider operating bandwidth, enhancing its compatibility and applicability.

[0031] In one example, the grounding arm is fixedly connected to the ground, and / or at least one first feed arm is fixedly connected to the ground, thereby enabling the first radiating structure or radiating assembly to be fixedly connected to the ground.

[0032] In one example, the antenna system also includes a feed network located on the second side of the floor, with a second end of a first feed arm electrically connected to the feed network, enabling the feed network to feed the first radiator through the first feed arm.

[0033] Fourthly, this application also provides a communication device including the aforementioned antenna system. By equipping the communication device with the aforementioned antenna system, the communication device can have better phase center stability, effectively improving the reliability and positioning accuracy of the antenna system.

[0034] Fifthly, this application also provides a communication system, including core network equipment and the aforementioned communication device, wherein the communication device is communicatively connected to the core network equipment. By equipping the communication system with the aforementioned antenna, the communication system can achieve better reliability and positioning accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna system applied to a base station, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a CPE provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a side view of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 A side view of a radiating structure applied in an antenna system, as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another antenna system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a radiating component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an additional radiation structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 11 A side view of a radiating component applied in an antenna system, as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 12 A side view of a radiating component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 13 A side view of another radiating component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] To facilitate understanding of the radiation structure provided in the embodiments of this application, its application scenarios will be introduced first below.

[0051] The radiating structure provided in this application embodiment can be applied to antenna systems, network devices, and terminal devices. This radiating structure can be applied to various possible communication devices or communication systems. For example, it can be applied to satellite systems or navigation systems. As another example, it can be applied to the network device or the terminal device, or it can be used in conjunction with the network device or the terminal device. The antenna system includes, but is not limited to, any one or more of passive antennas, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems, and massively multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems.

[0052] The network equipment in this application includes radio access network (RAN) equipment. RAN equipment may also be referred to as an access network node or access network entity. RAN equipment forms part of a communication system and is used to assist terminal equipment in achieving wireless access. RAN equipment includes base stations or base station modules. For example, a base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system; a Node B (NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system; an Evolutionary Node B (eNB or eNodeB) or Transmission Reception Point (TRP) in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system; a Next Generation Node B (gNodeB or gNB) in a 5th Generation (5G) or New Radio (NR) system; an access network device in an Open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN) system; a radio controller in a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN); or a wireless... Access nodes in Wi-Fi systems, next-generation base stations in future mobile communication systems, servers, vehicles, in-vehicle equipment, wearable devices, or base stations in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology (e.g., roadside units, RSUs), etc., are not specifically limited in this application embodiment. Base stations can be macro base stations, micro base stations, pico base stations, indoor stations, relay nodes, or donor nodes, etc., and are not limited in this application embodiment. In this application embodiment, the base station module can be a hardware module, a software module, or a combination of hardware and software. For example, a base station module can be a radio unit (RU), an RF unit, or the base station's antenna system, etc.The radio frequency (RF) unit can be, but is not limited to, a remote radio unit (RRU), a micro remote radio unit (pRRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH). Exemplarily, the functionality of the RU can be physically implemented by the RF unit. Optionally, the base station module can use the same or different names in different systems. For example, in an O-RAN system, the RU can also be called an open (O)-RU.

[0053] The terminal device in this application can be customer premises equipment (CPE). For example, the CPE can convert mobile cellular signals, such as signals from global system for mobile communication (GSM), WCDMA, LTE, 5G, or future mobile communication systems, into wireless local area network (WLAN) signals. For example, the CPE can convert WLAN signals into mobile cellular signals. WLAN signals include, but are not limited to, wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) signals, Bluetooth signals, or Zigbee signals. In some embodiments, the CPE can be a fixed wireless access (FAW) device. FAW is a technology combining fixed-line and wireless communication, which can provide broadband access services to users. Alternatively, the terminal device in this application can also be an indoor distribution system (lampsite). An indoor distribution system can, for example, be used to introduce base station signals indoors, solving the problem of indoor blind spot coverage. Alternatively, the terminal device in this application may be user equipment (UE), mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, wearable device, vehicle, drone, helicopter, airplane, ship, robot, robotic arm, or smart home device, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the form of the terminal device.

[0054] Figure 1 A structural example diagram of antenna system 20 applied to base station 01 is shown. (Reference) Figure 1Base station 01 includes antenna system 20 (also referred to as antenna 20), radio frequency unit 011, and baseband unit (BBU) 012. Optionally, radio frequency unit 011 and antenna system 20 can be integrated into a single unit (not shown). For example, this integrated unit can be an AAU. Optionally, base station 01 may also include one or more of the following: antenna adjustment bracket 013, mounting bracket 014, cables 015 and 016, grounding device 017, and connector seal 018. For example, antenna system 20 can be mounted on mounting bracket 014 via antenna adjustment bracket 013, wherein antenna adjustment bracket 013 is used to adjust the downtilt angle of antenna system to facilitate antenna system 20 in receiving or transmitting signals. As another example, base station 01 may not include antenna adjustment bracket 02, as long as it includes a bracket capable of mounting antenna system 20 on mounting bracket 014, which may not have downtilt angle adjustment function. As yet another example, antenna system 20 may also be directly mounted on mounting bracket 014. Mounting bracket 014 can be a pole or a tower, etc., without restriction.

[0055] Antenna system 20 may include radome 021. Various components are typically housed inside antenna system 20, which is covered or enclosed by radome 021, such as antenna arrays, reflectors (or base plates). Figure 1 (not shown in the image), and the power supply network (or power distribution network, power supply circuit, power distribution circuit, etc.). Figure 1 The antenna system includes one or more of the following: a remote control unit (RCU) and a transmission structure (not shown in the diagram). The radome 021 possesses excellent electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the effects of harsh external environments in terms of mechanical performance, thus protecting the internal components of the radome 021 from external environmental influences. The antenna system includes one or more antenna arrays. An antenna array includes one or more radiating elements. The radiating elements of the antenna system can also be called antenna elements (e.g., [missing information]). Figure 1(Shown as 022). An antenna element, often simply called an element, radiates electromagnetic waves. The feed network of an antenna system performs the feeding function, that is, the function of transmitting electrical signals. In the antenna field, the feeding function can also be called the power supply function, or in other words, providing energy. The function of the feed network is to feed signals to the radiating elements of the antenna with a certain amplitude and phase, or to feed signals received from the radiating elements to the signal processing unit of the base station with a certain amplitude and phase. Optionally, the feed network may include transmission lines. The transmission lines may be coaxial lines, microstrip lines (or striplines), or other forms of transmission lines, without limitation. Optionally, the feed network may also include at least one of the following devices: phase shifter, power divider, combiner, filter, bridge, and German Institute for Standardization (DIN) connector, etc.

[0056] The antenna system 20 can be connected to the radio frequency unit 011 via cable 018.

[0057] Grounding device 017 is installed on cable 015. Grounding device 017 can perform functions such as electrical grounding, lightning protection, overvoltage protection, and maintenance of equipment performance, which helps to ensure the stability and safety of base station 01.

[0058] The connector seal 018 can be located at the connection between the radome 021 of the antenna system 20 and the cable 016, and / or, the connector seal 018 can be located at the connection between the grounding device 017 and the cable 015, to provide insulation and sealing. For example, the connector seal 018 can be insulating sealing tape or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulating adhesive. The connector seal 018 can also have other structures and is not limited to the form of tape.

[0059] Figure 2A structural example of a CPE, denoted as CPE03, is shown. CPE03 includes an antenna system 20, a communication module 031, and a housing 032. The antenna system 20 and the communication module 031 can be respectively disposed on the housing 032 or disposed inside the housing 032. The antenna system 20 can be connected to the communication module 031. Thus, the communication module 031 can send signals to the antenna system 20 to cause the antenna system 20 to radiate electromagnetic waves; or, the communication module 031 can also receive signals from the antenna system 20 and process those signals. In an exemplary embodiment, CPE03 includes an antenna system 20 and another antenna system (not shown), whereby the antenna system 20 is used to transmit and receive mobile cellular signals, and the other antenna system is used to transmit and receive WLAN signals, etc. For example, the communication module 031 receives mobile cellular signals from the antenna system 20, processes those signals, converts them into WLAN signals, and then transmits them through the other antenna system. For example, the communication module 031 receives a WLAN signal from the other antenna system, processes the signal, converts it into a mobile cellular signal, and then transmits it through the antenna system 20.

[0060] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The structure of base station 01 and terminal equipment (CPE 03 is shown as an example) in this application is merely an example. The actual shape, size, location, and construction of the components in the base station and terminal equipment are not subject to change. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The examples provided are not limited to these. Optionally, the base station and terminal equipment may include more or fewer components to achieve other functions. For example, the base station 01 may also be equipped with more antennas to be able to transmit and receive more signals. Similarly, the terminal equipment may also include components such as circuit boards and / or heat sinks; this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0061] The radiating structure provided in the embodiments of this application can be used to realize wireless signal transmission between different terminals, as well as wireless signal transmission between a satellite and a terminal. In summary, the radiating structure provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied to a variety of communication devices with wireless signal transmission requirements.

[0062] With the widespread application of various navigation satellite systems, the radiating structure, as a key component for receiving satellite signals, plays a crucial role in positioning accuracy, signal stability, and multi-system compatibility. To improve positioning accuracy and signal stability, the radiating structure needs to possess good phase center stability.

[0063] One commonly used radiating structure is the helical antenna, where the radiation pattern is spiral. However, helical antennas are relatively large and unsuitable for applications in devices with strict space requirements.

[0064] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a radiation structure that is small in size and has good phase center stability.

[0065] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the radial structure 10. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the radial structure 10.

[0067] In one example, the radiating structure 10 includes a radiator 11, a grounding arm 12, and multiple feed arms. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The diagram shows four feed arms: feed arm 13a, feed arm 13b, feed arm 13c, and feed arm 13d. The radiator 11 includes a radiating surface 110. The first end 121 of the grounding arm 12 is located in the central region D1 of the radiator 11, and the second end 122 of the grounding arm 12 extends in a direction away from the radiating surface 110. The first ends 131a, 131b, 131c, and 131d of feed arms 13a, 132a, 132b, 132c, and 132d of feed arms 13a, 132b, 132c, and 132d all extend in a direction away from the radiating surface 110. Among them, the first end 131a of feed arm 13a, the first end 131b of feed arm 13b, the first end 131c of feed arm 13c, and the first end 131d of feed arm 13d are all distributed around the central region D1 of radiator 11.

[0068] The radiating structure 10, also known as an oscillator or radiating element, is a unit that constitutes the basic structure of an antenna and can effectively transmit or receive electromagnetic waves.

[0069] It should be noted that the phase center refers to the location of a theoretical reference point or equivalent point source in the radiating structure 10 when radiating or receiving electromagnetic waves, at which the phase change of the electromagnetic wave exhibits uniform or symmetrical characteristics. The stability of the phase center directly affects the positioning accuracy and reliability of the navigation system. If the phase center of the radiating structure 10 is not stable, it will cause phase changes in the received signal, thereby causing positioning errors in the navigation system.

[0070] In the example provided in this application, the first end 121 of the grounding arm 12 is located in the central region D1 of the radiator 11, and the first ends 131a of the feed arm 13a, 131b of the feed arm 13b, 131c of the feed arm 13c, and 131d of the feed arm 13d are all distributed around the central region D1 of the radiator 11. The distances between the first end 131a of the feed arm 13a and the first end 121 of the grounding arm 12, the distances between the first end 131b of the feed arm 13b and the first end 121 of the grounding arm 12, the distances between the first end 131c of the feed arm 13c and the first end 121 of the grounding arm 12, and the distances between the first end 131d of the feed arm 13d and the first end 121 of the grounding arm 12 can be the same or substantially the same, so that the radiation structure 10 has good phase center stability.

[0071] Here, "basically the same" means that the distance between the first end of different feed arms and the first end of the corresponding grounding arm may have a dimensional error. For example, this dimensional error may be less than or equal to 1 / 2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the radiation structure 10.

[0072] Furthermore, when a signal propagates in a transmission line, a phase difference will occur between different positions along the transmission direction. Based on this, a phase difference will occur when a signal is transmitted through two transmission lines or paths of different lengths, but no phase difference will occur when transmitted through two transmission lines or paths of the same length. In the example provided in this application, the signal is transmitted from the first end 131a of the feed arm 13a to the first end 121 of the ground arm 12, from the first end 131b of the feed arm 13b to the first end 121 of the ground arm 12, from the first end 131c of the feed arm 13c to the first end 121 of the ground arm 12, and from the first end 131d of the feed arm 13d to the first end 121 of the ground arm 12. Therefore, when the distances between the first end 131a of the feed arm 13a and the first end 121 of the ground arm 12, the distances between the first end 131b of the feed arm 13b and the first end 121 of the ground arm 12, the distances between the first end 131c of the feed arm 13c and the first end 121 of the ground arm 12, and the distances between the first end 131d of the feed arm 13d and the first end 121 of the ground arm 12 are the same, there will be no phase difference between the signals, which makes the radiation structure 10 have good phase center stability.

[0073] The grounding arm 12 is used to realize the grounding connection of the radiator 11, and the feeding arm is used to realize the feeding connection between the radiator 11 and the feeding network.

[0074] like Figure 6As shown, when the radiating structure 10 is used in the antenna system 20, the grounding arm 12 can be electrically connected to the ground plane 21 of the antenna system 20 to achieve the grounding connection of the radiator 11. Feed arms 13a, 13b, 13c, and 13d can be connected to the feed ports in the feed network 22 to achieve the feed connection between the radiator 11 and the feed network 22, allowing the feed signal in the feed network 22 to be transmitted to the radiator 11 through the four feed arms, so that the radiator 11 radiates electromagnetic waves outward. Alternatively, the electromagnetic waves received by the radiator 11 can also be transmitted to the feed network 22 through the four feed arms.

[0075] The following section provides an example of some possible structures for the radiating structure 10.

[0076] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the example provided, the radiator 11 in the radiating structure 10 is a sheet with a square cross-section. In other examples, the radiator 11 may also be a sheet with a rectangular or other polygonal cross-section. Alternatively, the radiator 11 may also be a sheet with a circular, elliptical, or other irregular cross-section. It should be understood that this application does not limit the shape of the radiator 11 sheet.

[0077] Alternatively, it can be understood that, in one example, the radiator 11 can be a structural shape that satisfies symmetry characteristics. For example, the radiator 11 can be symmetrical about a certain horizontal plane or about a certain axis, such that the radiator 11 has a distinct geometric center A. Alternatively, the radiator 11 can also be other structural shapes that do not satisfy symmetry characteristics. For example, the radiator 11 can be an irregular shape. In this case, the geometric center A of the radiator 11 can be its centroid, or it can be the center of geometric concepts such as the incenter, circumcenter, or orthocenter. This application does not make specific limitations.

[0078] The first end 121 of the grounding arm 12 being located in the central region D1 of the radiator 11 can be: the first end 121 of the grounding arm 12 being located at any position in the central region D1 of the radiator 11. Alternatively, the first end 121 of the grounding arm 12 being located at or near the geometric center A of the radiator 11. Alternatively, it can be understood that the central region D1 can be the region surrounding the geometric center A.

[0079] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4In the example provided, the radiating structure 10 includes four feed arms: feed arm 13a, feed arm 13b, feed arm 13c, and feed arm 13d, all of which have identical shapes. The first ends of the four feed arms are located on the radiator 11, and the second ends of all four feed arms extend in a direction away from the radiating surface 110. When the radiating structure 10 is used in an antenna, it effectively improves the ease of connection between the feed arms and the feed network. For example, when the four feed arms have identical shapes, their second ends are located in the same plane, allowing them to be connected to the feed network simultaneously, thus providing better connection convenience.

[0080] It should be noted that in some examples, the shapes of the four feed arms may also differ. For example, the width dimensions of the different feed arms may vary. Alternatively, some feed arms may be straight, while others may be curved or have other bent structural shapes.

[0081] In addition, the second ends of the four feed arms extend in a direction away from the radiation surface 110, including: the extension direction of the second end of the feed arm is perpendicular to the radiation surface 110, or the angle between the extension direction of the second end of the feed arm and the radiation surface 110 is within 90°, for example, it can be any angle in the range of 60° to 90°.

[0082] In one example, all four feed arms are straight and parallel. In other examples, the four feed arms may be approximately parallel or have a small angular deviation relative to a horizontal plane. For example, if the angle difference between any two feed arms relative to a horizontal plane is 0°, then the two feed arms are parallel; if the angle difference is any angle between 0° and 30°, then the two feed arms are approximately parallel.

[0083] In one example, the four feed arms can be of the same length, ensuring that no phase deviation occurs when the signal propagates in different feed arms, thus further improving the phase center stability of the radiating structure 10. When a signal propagates in a transmission line, a phase difference occurs between different positions along the transmission direction. Therefore, a phase difference will occur when the signal propagates in two transmission lines or paths of different lengths, but no phase difference will occur when it propagates in two transmission lines or paths of the same length. In the example provided in this application, the four feed arms are of the same length, ensuring that no phase difference exists when the signal propagates in the four feed arms, thereby improving the phase center stability of the radiating structure 10.

[0084] In some examples, the lengths of the four feed arms can also have a certain difference. For example, the length difference between any two feed arms can be less than or equal to 1 / 2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the radiating structure 10. When the length difference between any two feed arms is less than or equal to 1 / 2λ, the phase difference generated after the signal is transmitted in those two feed arms will also be less than or equal to 1 / 2λ. The resulting phase difference is small and will not significantly degrade the phase center stability of the radiating structure 10.

[0085] In one implementation, the first ends 131a of feed arm 13a, 131b of feed arm 13b, 131c of feed arm 13c, and 131d of feed arm 13d are all uniformly distributed around the first end 121 of ground arm 12. That is, the first ends of the four feed arms are rotate symmetrical about 90° around the first end 121 of ground arm 12, which allows the radiating structure 10 to radiate a better circularly polarized signal, thus improving the circular polarization performance of the radiating structure 10. Alternatively, in some examples, when the first end 121 of ground arm 12 is located in the central region D1 of radiator 11, it can also be considered that the first ends 131a of feed arm 13a, 131b of feed arm 13b, 131c of feed arm 13c, and 131d of feed arm 13d are all uniformly distributed around the central region D1 of radiator 11.

[0086] Circularly polarized signals, also known as circularly polarized waves, refer to electromagnetic waves whose electric field vector rotates around the propagation direction during propagation, forming a circular trajectory. This rotation can be clockwise or counterclockwise. In one implementation, the radiator 11 can be fed simultaneously by multiple feed points, with adjacent feed points arranged orthogonally. In the example provided in this application, the first ends of the four feed arms are rotate symmetrical about the first end 121 of the grounding arm 12 by 90°, resulting in a 90° phase difference between signals input from adjacent feed arms, thus generating circularly polarized waves.

[0087] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4 The example provided illustrates the situation using a radial structure 10 that includes four feed arms. In other examples, the radial structure 10 may include fewer or more feed arms. For example, the radial structure 10 may include two feed arms. Alternatively, the radial structure 10 may include six or eight feed arms, etc. The present application does not limit the specific number of feed arms.

[0088] In one example, the radiating structure 10 may include multiple feed arms, the first ends of which are all located on the radiator 11, and the second ends of which extend in a direction away from the radiating surface 110. The first ends of the multiple feed arms are distributed around the first end 121 of the grounding arm 12.

[0089] In one example, the first end of the grounding arm 12 can be connected to the radiator 11 by welding or other means to achieve a fixed connection and electrical connection between the grounding arm 12 and the radiator 11. Either feeder arm can also be connected to the radiator 11 by welding or other means to achieve a fixed connection and electrical connection between the feeder arm and the radiator 11.

[0090] Alternatively, in one example, the radiator 11, grounding arm 12, feed arm 13a, feed arm 13b, feed arm 13c, and feed arm 13d can be an integral structure, which is beneficial to improving the ease of manufacturing and structural stability of the radiating structure 10, and can also reduce the manufacturing cost of the radiating structure 10.

[0091] In one example, when the radiating structure 10 is a single piece, it can specifically be a sheet metal part. For example, the radiating structure 10 can be manufactured using processes such as stamping, cutting, or bending to improve material utilization efficiency.

[0092] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, in one example provided in this application, the radiator 11 has a first notch 111, and the first end of the grounding arm 12 is located at a portion of the edge of the first notch 111. The shape profile of the first notch 111 can be larger than or equal to the shape profile of the grounding arm 12, allowing the grounding arm 12 to be formed by bending it outwards from the first notch 111. When fabricating the radiating structure 10, cutting and bending processes can be used to form the radiator 11 and the grounding arm 12, offering advantages such as low manufacturing cost and ease of fabrication.

[0093] Here, the edge of the notch 111 refers to the inner wall of the first notch 111. For example, in Figure 3 In the example provided, the first gap 111 is rectangular and has four inner walls, which together form the edge of the gap 111.

[0094] When setting the first notch 111, its shape and outline can be varied.

[0095] For example, such as Figure 5As shown, in one example provided in this application, the first notch 111 is rectangular. In one possible example, the length L of the first notch 111 can be less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the radiating structure 10. By constraining the length of the first notch 111, a significant impact on the operating performance of the radiating structure 10 can be avoided. Specifically, the presence of the first notch 111 in the radiator 11 affects the current distribution within the radiator 11, thereby affecting the radiation performance of the radiator 11. Generally, the larger the length of the first notch 111, the greater the impact. In the example provided in this application, by constraining the length of the first notch 111, a significant impact on the functional performance of the radiating structure 10 can be avoided.

[0096] In one possible example, the width H of the first notch 111 can be less than or equal to 0.1λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the radiating structure 10. By reasonably constraining the width of the first notch 111, a significant impact on the operating performance of the radiating structure 10 due to the opening of the first notch 111 can be avoided. Specifically, opening the first notch 111 in the radiator 11 affects the current distribution in the radiator 11, thereby affecting the radiation performance of the radiator 11. Generally, the larger the width of the first notch 111, the greater the impact. In the example provided in this application, by constraining the width of the first notch 111, a significant impact on the functional performance of the radiating structure 10 due to the opening of the first notch 111 can be avoided.

[0097] It is understood that the above example is exemplified by the first notch 111 having a rectangular shape. In other examples, the first notch 111 may also have other shapes such as an ellipse. In addition, when the grounding arm 122 is formed by bending from the inside to the outside of the first notch 111, the shape of the first notch 111 may be greater than or equal to the shape of the grounding arm 122, which will not be elaborated here.

[0098] In addition, the radiator 11 has multiple second notches, and each of the multiple second notches corresponds to a multiple feeding arm, which allows the feeding arm to be bent outward from the corresponding second notch, thus having the advantages of low manufacturing cost and convenient manufacturing.

[0099] Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, the radiator 11 includes four second notches, namely second notch 112a, second notch 112b, second notch 112c, and second notch 112d. The first end 131a of the feed arm 13a is located at least partially at the edge of the second notch 112a, the first end 131b of the feed arm 13b is located at least partially at the edge of the second notch 112b, the first end 131c of the feed arm 13c is located at least partially at the edge of the second notch 112c, and the first end 131d of the feed arm 13d is located at least partially at the edge of the second notch 112d.

[0100] Among them, the feeding arm 13a is formed by folding from the inside to the outside of the second notch 112a, the feeding arm 13b is formed by folding from the inside to the outside of the second notch 112b, the feeding arm 13c is formed by folding from the inside to the outside of the second notch 112c, and the feeding arm 13d is formed by folding from the inside to the outside of the second notch 112d. It has the advantages of low manufacturing cost and convenient manufacturing.

[0101] The size of the radiator 11 has a decisive influence on its resonant frequency (or operating frequency). For example, the larger the size of the radiator 11, the lower its resonant frequency. Conversely, the smaller the size of the radiator 11, the higher its resonant frequency.

[0102] When it is necessary to reduce the resonant frequency of the radiator 11, this can be achieved by increasing the size of the radiator 11. However, as the size of the radiator 11 increases, its occupied area also increases, which significantly restricts its miniaturization design.

[0103] The distance between the feed point and the ground point of the radiator 11 also has a significant impact on the resonant frequency of the radiator 11. Generally, the smaller the distance between the feed point and the ground point, the lower the resonant frequency of the radiator 11. Conversely, the larger the distance between the feed point and the ground point, the higher the resonant frequency of the radiator 11.

[0104] In the example provided in this application, in order to achieve a miniaturized design of the radiating structure 10 and at the same time reduce its operating frequency, the distance between the feed point and the ground point of the radiator 11 can be reduced.

[0105] For example, such as Figure 3As shown, in one example provided in this application, the first end 131a of the feed arm 13a is located at the edge of the second notch 112a near the central region D1 of the radiator 11. The first end 131b of the feed arm 13b is located at the edge of the second notch 112b near the central region D1 of the radiator 11. The first end 131c of the feed arm 13c is located at the edge of the second notch 112c near the central region D1 of the radiator 11. The first end 131d of the feed arm 13d is located at the edge of the second notch 112d near the central region D1 of the radiator 11. Therefore, the operating frequency of the radiating structure 10 can be reduced by decreasing the distance between the feed point and the ground point of the radiator 11, and a miniaturized design can be achieved.

[0106] Furthermore, when setting the second notch, its shape and size can be similarly set to the first notch 111 described above. Simply put, the length of the second notch can be less than or equal to 0.2λ, and the width of the second notch can be less than or equal to 0.1λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the radiation structure 10. By reasonably constraining the size of the second notch, a significant impact on the operating performance of the radiation structure 10 can be avoided.

[0107] Furthermore, when the radiating structure 10 is used in an antenna, the arrangement of the radiating structure 10 can be varied.

[0108] like Figure 6 As shown, in one example provided in this application, the antenna system 20 includes a ground plane 21 and a feed network 22. A radiating structure 10 is located on a first side 21a of the ground plane 21, and the feed network 22 is located on a second side 21b of the ground plane 21. The radiating structure 10 is grounded to the ground plane 21 and fed to the feed network 22. By equipping the antenna system 20 with the aforementioned radiating structure 10, the antenna achieves better operational reliability and positioning accuracy.

[0109] The floor 21, also known as a base plate or reflector, effectively reflects the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator 11, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the radiator 11. Additionally, the floor 21 blocks electromagnetic waves from the back (such as the second side 21b) to prevent other electromagnetic waves from adversely affecting the radiation performance of the radiator 11. In one example, the floor 21 can be a metal plate or a conductive layer in a printed circuit board. The floor 21 can adopt various commonly used types, and this application does not limit the specific structural type of the floor 21.

[0110] The feed network 22 may include at least one of the following devices: phase shifter, filter, amplifier, etc. In one example, the number and type of devices in the feed network 22 can be reasonably set according to actual needs, and this application does not limit this. Alternatively, in some examples, the antenna system 20 may also include a cavity (or phase shifter cavity), and the feed network 22 can be disposed in the cavity. The cavity can be a metal cavity or other types of cavity. The main function of the cavity is to provide effective housing space for the feed network 22 to improve the structural safety of the feed network 22. In addition, the cavity can also play a role in electromagnetic shielding to prevent external electromagnetic waves from adversely affecting the performance of the feed network 22.

[0111] The power supply network 22 and the floor 21 can be fixedly connected by welding or bonding. Alternatively, the power supply network 22 and the floor 21 can also be fixedly connected by screws, rivets, or other fasteners. Commonly used methods can be employed to achieve this connection, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0112] In the example provided in this application, the radiating structure 10 can be effectively fixed in the antenna system 20 by the grounding arm 12 or the feed arm.

[0113] like Figure 7 As shown, in one example provided in this application, the floor 21 has five through holes, namely through hole 211a, through hole 211b, through hole 211c, through hole 211d and through hole 211e.

[0114] See also Figure 4 and Figure 7 The second end 122 of the grounding arm 12 can pass through the fixed through hole 211e, thereby achieving a fixed and conductive connection between the grounding arm 12 (or the radial structure 10) and the ground 21. The grounding arm 12 and the through hole 211e can be configured with an interference fit. Alternatively, the grounding arm 12 and the ground 21 can be connected by welding or other methods to achieve a fixed and conductive connection. An interference fit is a mechanical connection method where the interference between the through hole and the shaft (or a part passing through the through hole) is greater than zero to achieve a tight connection. For example, the cross-section of the grounding arm 12 can be larger than the cross-section of the through hole 211e to achieve an interference fit.

[0115] In addition, the feed arms 13a, 13b, 13c and 13d in the radiation structure 10 are set in a one-to-one correspondence with the through holes 211a, 211b, 211c and 211d in the floor 21.

[0116] Specifically, the second end 132a of the feed arm 13a passes through the through hole 211a and connects to the feed network 22 to achieve a conductive connection between the feed network 22 and the feed arm 13a. Correspondingly, the second end 132b of the feed arm 13b passes through the through hole 211b and connects to the feed network 22 to achieve a conductive connection between the feed network 22 and the feed arm 13b. The second end 132c of the feed arm 13c passes through the through hole 211c and connects to the feed network 22 to achieve a conductive connection between the feed network 22 and the feed arm 13c. The second end 132d of the feed arm 13d passes through the through hole 211d and connects to the feed network 22 to achieve a conductive connection between the feed network 22 and the feed arm 13d.

[0117] Specifically, the diameter of through hole 211a is larger than the outer diameter of feed arm 13a, creating a gap between feed arm 13a and the inner wall of through hole 211a to prevent conductive connection between feed arm 13a and ground 21. Similarly, the diameter of through hole 211b is larger than the outer diameter of feed arm 13b, creating a gap between feed arm 13b and the inner wall of through hole 211b to prevent conductive connection between feed arm 13b and ground 21. The diameter of through hole 211c is larger than the outer diameter of feed arm 13c, creating a gap between feed arm 13c and the inner wall of through hole c to prevent conductive connection between feed arm 13c and ground 21. The diameter of through hole 211d is larger than the outer diameter of feed arm 13d, creating a gap between feed arm 13d and the inner wall of through hole d to prevent conductive connection between feed arm 13d and ground 21.

[0118] It should be noted that, in one example, the feed network 22 can be fixedly connected to the ground plane 21. The second end of the feed arm (such as the second end 132a of the feed arm 13a) is fixedly connected to the feed network 22. Therefore, the radiating structure 10 can be fixed in the antenna system 20 via the feed arm 13a.

[0119] Alternatively, in one example, the antenna system 20 may also include an insulating connector (not shown in the figure). This insulating connector may be located between the feed arm and the through-hole in the ground plane 21 to achieve a fixed connection between the feed arm and the ground plane 21 and to prevent electrical connection between the feed arm and the ground plane 21.

[0120] In summary, in one example, the grounding arm 12 can achieve both a fixed connection and an electrical connection between the radiating structure 10 and the floor 21. Alternatively, at least one feeder arm can achieve a fixed connection between the radiating structure 10 and the floor 21 via an insulating connector. Alternatively, at least one feeder arm can also achieve a fixed connection between the radiating structure 10 and the power supply network, thus effectively improving the ease and flexibility of installation of the radiating structure 10.

[0121] In addition, there are currently multiple satellite navigation systems in the world. For example, the Global Positioning System (GPS), the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), the Galileo satellite navigation system, and the BeiDou system.

[0122] The signal frequency bands of the aforementioned different navigation systems may differ. To ensure compatibility with multiple navigation systems, the antenna system 20 can support multi-band operating modes.

[0123] In one example, multiple radiating structures 10 can be configured in the antenna system 20.

[0124] For example, in Figure 8 In the example provided, the antenna system 20 may include two radiating structures, namely radiating structure 10a and radiating structure 10b. The resonant frequency of the radiator 11a in radiating structure 10a is different from the resonant frequency of the radiator 11b in radiating structure 10b. By setting radiating structures 10a and 10b, the bandwidth of the antenna system 20 can be effectively improved, enabling the antenna system 20 to be effectively compatible with different navigation systems. In one example, the antenna system 20 may include one radiating structure, or it may include more than two such radiating structures; this application does not limit the specific number of radiating structures.

[0125] Among them, Figure 8 In the example provided, radiating structures 10a and 10b are spaced apart on the floor 21. This arrangement increases the area occupied by the radiating structures in the antenna system 20, making it unsuitable for applications in space-constrained devices.

[0126] Therefore, this application embodiment also provides a radiation component, which may include a radiation structure 10 and another radiation structure 30. The radiation structure 10 and the radiation structure 30 are arranged in a stacked manner, which can effectively reduce the area occupied by the radiation component and facilitate the miniaturization design of the radiation component.

[0127] For ease of distinction, the above-mentioned radiation structure 10 will be referred to as the first radiation structure 10, the radiator 11 in the radiation structure 10 will be referred to as the first radiator 11, and the radiation structure 30 will be referred to as the second radiation structure 30.

[0128] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, in one example provided in this application, the radiating component includes a first radiating structure 10 and a second radiating structure 30.

[0129] The following section will first introduce one possible specific structure of the second radiating structure 30.

[0130] like Figure 10 As shown, the second radiating structure 30 includes a second radiator 31 and a plurality of second feed arms. The second radiator 31 has a second radiating surface 310. The first end 321a of the second feed arm 32a is connected to the second radiator 31, the first end 321b of the second feed arm 32b is connected to the second radiator 31, the first end 321c of the second feed arm 32c is connected to the second radiator 31, and the first end 321d of the second feed arm 32d is connected to the second radiator 31. In addition, the second ends 322a of the second feed arm 32a, 322b of the second feed arm 32b, 322c of the second feed arm 32c, and 322d of the second feed arm 32d all extend in a direction away from the second radiating surface 310. The first ends 321a, 321b, 321c, and 321d of the second feed arms 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d are all distributed around the geometric center B of the second radiator 31. The distances between the first ends 321a, 32b, 32c, and 32d of the second feed arms 32a, 321d, and 32d of the second feed arms 32a, 321b, 32c, and 32d are substantially the same, resulting in good phase center stability for the second radiating structure 30. "Substantially the same" means that dimensional errors are permissible. For example, this dimensional error can be less than or equal to 1 / 2λ', where λ' is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the second radiating structure 30. When the distance difference between the first end of any two second feed arms and the geometric center B is less than or equal to 1 / 2λ', the phase difference generated after the signal is transmitted between the first end of the second feed arm and the geometric center B will also be less than or equal to 1 / 2λ'. The phase difference is small and will not significantly degrade the phase center stability of the second radiation structure 30.

[0131] The second radiator 31 can be a structural shape that satisfies symmetry, giving it a distinct geometric center B. Alternatively, the second radiator 31 can be a structural shape that does not satisfy symmetry; for example, it can be an irregular shape. In this case, the geometric center B of the second radiator 31 can be its centroid, or it can be the center of a geometric concept such as the incenter, circumcenter, or orthocenter. This application does not impose any specific limitations. In other words, the distribution of the first ends of multiple second feed arms around the geometric center B of the second radiator 31 can also be considered as the distribution of the first ends of multiple second feed arms around the central region D2 of the second radiator 31.

[0132] In one example, the second radiator 31, the second feed arm 32a, the second feed arm 32b, the second feed arm 32c, and the second feed arm 32d can be an integral structure. This improves the ease of fabrication and structural stability of the second radiating structure 30, and also reduces the manufacturing cost of the second radiating structure 30.

[0133] In one example, when the second radiating structure 30 is a one-piece structure, it can specifically be a sheet metal part. For example, the second radiating structure 30 can be manufactured using processes such as stamping, cutting, or bending to improve material utilization efficiency.

[0134] exist Figure 10 In the example provided, the first end 321a of the second feed arm 32a, the first end 321b of the second feed arm 32b, the first end 321c of the second feed arm 32c, and the first end 321d of the second feed arm 32d are all connected to the edge of the second radiator 31. In other examples, the first ends 321a of the second feed arm 32a, 321b of the second feed arm 32b, 321c of the second feed arm 32c, and 321d of the second feed arm 32d may also be connected to other positions of the second radiator 31, which will not be elaborated here.

[0135] In one example, all four second feed arms are straight and parallel. In other examples, the four second feed arms may be approximately parallel or have a small angular deviation. For example, the angle between any two second feed arms may be around 0°, or any angle between 0° and 30°.

[0136] In one example, the lengths of the four second feed arms can be substantially the same, so that the signal has a small phase deviation when propagating in different second feed arms, which can further improve the phase center stability of the second radiation structure 30.

[0137] Alternatively, in another example, some of the second feed arms may also have a bent structural shape. The structural shape of the second feed arm can be reasonably selected and adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0138] like Figure 9 As shown, in one example, the operating frequency of the first radiator 11 can be greater than or less than the operating frequency of the second radiator 31. For example, the area of ​​the first radiator 11 can be greater than the area of ​​the second radiator 31, such that the first radiator 11 has a lower operating frequency and the second radiator 31 has a higher operating frequency. Alternatively, the area of ​​the first radiator 11 can be less than or equal to the area of ​​the second radiator 31, such that the first radiator 11 has a higher operating frequency and the second radiator 31 has a lower operating frequency.

[0139] In summary, by stacking the second radiator 31 in the direction of the radiating surface 110 of the first radiator 11, the entire radiating assembly has multiple operating frequency bands and also has the advantage of miniaturization. When the radiating assembly is used in the antenna system 20, it enables the antenna system 20 to have the advantage of multi-band operation and can achieve effective compatibility with different navigation systems.

[0140] Furthermore, in some examples, along the direction perpendicular to the radiating surface 110 of the first radiator 11, the projection of the central region D2 of the second radiator 31 onto the radiator 11 can coincide with the central region D1 of the radiator 11. This effectively improves the phase center stability of the entire radiating assembly. This coincidence can be partial or complete. Alternatively, in some examples, it can be considered that the projection of the central region D2 of the second radiator 31 onto the radiator 11 intersects with the central region D1 of the radiator 11. This intersection can specifically include both complete and partial coincidence. This method effectively improves the phase center stability of the entire radiating assembly.

[0141] It should be noted that, in Figure 11 The example provided is based on the case where the second radiator 31 is located on the side of the first radiator 11 away from the radiating surface 110. In other examples, the second radiator 31 may also be located in the direction of the radiating surface 110 of the first radiator 11.

[0142] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this application, the following examples will illustrate the two different scenarios described above.

[0143] The following section first describes the specific setup when the second radiator 31 is located on the side of the radiator 11 that is away from the radiating surface 110.

[0144] like Figure 11 As shown, when the radiating components are used in the antenna system 20, the grounding arm 12 of the first radiator 11 needs to be connected to the ground 21, and the feed arms 13a, 13b, 13c and 13d need to be connected to the feed network 22.

[0145] Therefore, to avoid structural interference (or positional interference) between the second radiator 31 and the radiator 11, in one example, a window can be provided in the second radiator 31 for the grounding arm 12 and the feeder arm to pass through. Structural interference refers to obstruction between physical structures. For example, when no window is provided in the second radiator 31, the grounding arm 12 in the radiator 11 cannot pass through the second radiator 31, meaning the second radiator 31 obstructs the grounding arm 12.

[0146] For example, such as Figure 10 As shown, the second radiator 31 includes a first window 33 and multiple second windows. The multiple second windows are designated as second window 34a, second window 34b, second window 34c, and second window 34d.

[0147] After passing through the first window 33, the grounding arm 12 can be connected to the floor 21 to avoid structural interference between the grounding arm 12 and the second radiator 31. The feeding arm 13a corresponds to the second window 34a, the feeding arm 13b corresponds to the second window 34b, the feeding arm 13c corresponds to the second window 34c, and the feeding arm 13d corresponds to the second window 34d.

[0148] Feeding arm 13a passes through the second window 34a and connects to the feeding network 22; feeding arm 13b passes through the second window 34b and connects to the feeding network 22; feeding arm 13c passes through the second window 34c and connects to the feeding network 22; feeding arm 13d passes through the second window 34d and connects to the feeding network 22, so as to avoid structural interference between the feeding arm and the second radiator 31.

[0149] To prevent the feed arm 13 of the radiating structure 10 from becoming electrically connected to the second radiator 31 and thus degrading the radiation performance of the radiating component, the aperture of the second window 34a can be larger than the outer diameter of the feed arm 13a to avoid conductive contact between the feed arm 13a and the second radiator 31. Correspondingly, the aperture of the second window 34b can be larger than the outer diameter of the feed arm 13b to avoid conductive contact between the feed arm 13b and the second radiator 31. The aperture of the second window 34c can be larger than the outer diameter of the feed arm 13c to avoid conductive contact between the feed arm 13c and the second radiator 31. The aperture of the second window 34d can be larger than the outer diameter of the feed arm 13d to avoid conductive contact between the feed arm 13d and the second radiator 31.

[0150] In one example, the second radiating structure 30 needs to be fixed in the antenna system 20, and the fixing method can be varied.

[0151] For example, in one example, the radiating assembly may also include an insulating connector (not shown in the figure), which can be used to achieve a fixed connection between the radiating structure 10 and the second radiating structure 30. When the radiating structure 10 is fixed in the antenna system 20, the second radiating structure 30 can be fixed in the antenna system 20 through the radiating structure 10.

[0152] The insulating connector can be disposed between any corresponding feed arm and the second window to achieve a fixed connection between the feed arm and the second window (second radiator 31). For example, the insulating connector can be disposed between the feed arm 32a and the second window 34a. Furthermore, the insulating connector can prevent the feed arm 32a from contacting the inner wall of the second window 34a, thereby preventing conductive contact between the feed arm 32a and the second radiator 31. That is, the feed arm can be fixedly connected to at least a portion of the edge of the second window via the insulating connector to achieve a fixed connection between the feed arm and the second radiating structure 30, and to prevent electrical connection between the feed arm and the second radiator 31.

[0153] Alternatively, in one implementation, the insulating connector can be disposed between the grounding arm 12 and the first window 33 to achieve a fixed connection between the grounding arm 12 and the second radiator 31.

[0154] Alternatively, in one implementation, the grounding arm 12 can also be connected to the inner wall of the first window 33 to achieve a fixed and conductive connection between the grounding arm 12 and the second radiator 31. That is, the grounding arm 12 can make conductive contact with at least a portion of the edge of the first window 33, allowing the second radiator 31 to be electrically connected to the floor 21 through the grounding arm 12, thereby further improving the phase center stability of the second radiating structure 30. The grounding arm 12 and the first window 33 can be configured with an interference fit. Alternatively, the grounding arm 12 and the second radiator 31 can also be connected by welding or other methods to achieve a fixed and conductive connection between them. In summary, the grounding arm 12 can be fixedly connected to at least a portion of the edge of the first window 33 to achieve a fixed connection between the grounding arm 12 and the second radiating structure 30.

[0155] In one example, the first window 33 can be located at the geometric center B of the second radiator 31. The second windows 34a, 34b, 34c, and 34d can be distributed around the geometric center B of the second radiator 31, such that the projection of the central region D2 of the second radiator 31 onto the radiator 11 coincides with the central region D1 of the radiator 11. This method effectively improves the phase center stability of the entire radiating assembly.

[0156] Furthermore, in the example described above, the second radiator 31 is located on the side of the radiator 11 that is away from the radiating surface 110.

[0157] like Figure 12 As shown, in another example provided in this application, the second radiator 31 may also be located in the direction of the radiating surface 110 of the radiator 11.

[0158] exist Figure 12 In the example provided, the area of ​​the second radiator 31 is larger than the area of ​​the radiator 11, and the second feed arms 32a, 32b, 32c and 32d are all located at the edge of the second radiator 31. Therefore, there is no positional structure interference between the second radiating structure 30 and the radiating structure 10.

[0159] Or, such as Figure 13 As shown, in one example provided in this application, when the area of ​​the second radiator 31 is less than or equal to the area of ​​the first radiator 11, a third window may be provided in the first radiator 11 for the second feed arm to pass through, so as to avoid structural interference between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 31.

[0160] For example, the first radiator 11 includes four third windows, namely third window 113a, third window 113b, third window 113c, and third window 113d. The second feed arm 32a passes through third window 113a, the second feed arm 32b passes through third window 113b, the second feed arm 32c passes through third window 113c, and the second feed arm 32d passes through third window 113d.

[0161] like Figure 1 As shown, this application also provides an antenna system 20, which includes the aforementioned radiating structure 10. Please refer to the accompanying document. Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 The antenna system 20 further includes: a mounting bracket 014 and an antenna adjustment bracket 013. The aforementioned radiating structure 10 is mounted on the mounting bracket 014 via the antenna adjustment bracket 013; or, the antenna system 20 includes: a mounting bracket 014 and the aforementioned radiating structure 10, wherein the aforementioned radiating structure 10 is mounted on the mounting bracket 014.

[0162] In one example, the grounding arm 12 in the radiating structure 10 can be fixedly connected to the ground plane 21 in the antenna system 20 to secure the radiating structure 10 within the antenna system 20. Alternatively, at least one first feed arm (such as first feed arm 13a) in the radiating structure 10 can be fixedly connected to the ground plane 21 to secure the radiating structure 10 within the antenna system 20. Alternatively, the grounding arm 12 and at least one first feed arm in the radiating structure 10 can be fixedly connected to the ground plane 21 to better secure the radiating structure 10 within the antenna system 20.

[0163] In one example, the antenna system 20 may further include a feed network 22, which may be located on the second side of the floor 22, with the second end of each first feed arm in the radiating structure 10 electrically connected to the feed network 22. This establishes a feed connection between the radiator 11 and the feed network 22, allowing the feed signal in the feed network 22 to be transmitted to the radiator 11 through the first feed arms, causing the radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves outward. Alternatively, the electromagnetic waves received by the radiator 11 may also be transmitted to the feed network 22 through the first feed arms.

[0164] The antenna system 20 described above can be applied to multiple devices, including but not limited to: base stations, routers, vehicle antennas, mobile phone antennas, terminals, microwaves, etc.

[0165] This application also provides a communication device 01, which includes the aforementioned antenna system 20 and a radio frequency system connected to the antenna system 20. The deployment configuration of the communication device 01 may include a base station, a relay device, etc., and is not limited thereto.

[0166] Optionally, the communication device 01 may also include a baseband processing unit 012, which is connected to the aforementioned antenna system 20.

[0167] like Figure 14 As shown, this application also provides a communication system, which includes core network equipment and communication equipment, and the communication equipment and core network equipment are communicatively connected. The communication equipment may be, for example, a... Figure 1 The base station 01 shown is an example. Core network equipment may include, but is not limited to, mobility management equipment, serving gateways, and wireless gateways.

[0168] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0169] In this application, "multiple" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0170] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers described above does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

Claims

1. A radial structure, characterized in that, Includes a first radiator, a grounding arm, and multiple first feeder arms; The first radiator includes a first radiating surface; The first end of the grounding arm is located in the central region of the first radiator, and the second end of the grounding arm extends in a direction away from the first radiating surface. The first ends of the plurality of first feed arms are located on the first radiator, and the second ends of the plurality of first feed arms all extend in a direction away from the first radiating surface. The first ends of the plurality of first feed arms are distributed around the first end of the grounding arm.

2. The radiating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiator has a first notch, and the first end of the grounding arm is located at a portion of the edge of the first notch.

3. The radiating structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shape profile of the first notch is greater than or equal to the shape profile of the grounding arm.

4. The radiating structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The width of the first notch is less than or equal to 0.1λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the radiation structure.

5. The radiating structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The length of the first notch is less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the radiation structure.

6. The radiating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first radiator has a plurality of second notches, and the plurality of second notches correspond one-to-one with the plurality of first feed arms; In the one-to-one correspondence between the second notch and the first feed arm, the first end of the first feed arm is located at a portion of the edge of the second notch.

7. The radiating structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first radiator has a first notch, the first end of the grounding arm is located at a portion of the edge of the first notch, and at least two second notches are symmetrical about the first notch.

8. The radiating structure according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The first end of the first feed arm is located at the edge of the second notch near the central region of the first radiator.

9. A radiating component, characterized in that, It includes a first radiating structure and a second radiating structure, wherein the first radiating structure is the radiating structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the second radiating structure includes a second radiator and a plurality of second feed arms, wherein the resonant frequencies of the first radiator and the second radiator are different. The second radiator includes a second radiating surface, the first ends of the plurality of second feed arms are all connected to the second radiator, and the second ends of the plurality of second feed arms all extend in a direction away from the second radiating surface; Wherein, the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface have the same orientation, and the second radiator is located on the side of the first radiating surface facing the first radiator, or the second radiator is located on the side of the first radiating surface away from the first radiator.

10. The radiating component according to claim 9, characterized in that, Along a direction perpendicular to the first radiating surface, the projection of the central region of the second radiator onto the first radiator overlaps with the central region of the first radiator.

11. The radiating assembly according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The second radiator is located on the side opposite to the first radiating surface of the first radiator; The second radiator has a first window and a plurality of second windows, wherein the plurality of first feed arms and the plurality of second windows correspond one-to-one; The grounding arm passes through the first window, and the plurality of first power feeding arms pass through the plurality of second windows respectively.

12. The radiating assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that, The grounding arm is in conductive contact with at least a portion of the edge of the first window.

13. The radiating assembly according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, In the first feeder arm and the second window, which have at least a one-to-one correspondence; The first feed arm is fixedly connected to at least a portion of the edge of the second window.

14. The radiating assembly according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The second radiator is located on one side facing the first radiating surface of the first radiator; The first radiator has multiple third windows, and the multiple second feed arms correspond one-to-one with each of the third windows; In the corresponding second feed arm and the third window, the second feed arm passes through the third window.

15. The radiating assembly according to claim 14, characterized in that, The second feed arm is fixedly connected to at least a portion of the edge of the third window.

16. An antenna system, characterized in that, The antenna system includes a floor and at least one radiating structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, or the antenna system includes at least one radiating component as described in any one of claims 9 to 15, the radiating component being located on a first side of the floor; The grounding arm of the first radiator is electrically connected to the floor. The floor also includes multiple through holes. The multiple first feed arms and the multiple through holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. In the one-to-one correspondence of the through holes and the first feed arms, the first feed arms pass through the floor.

17. The antenna system according to claim 16, characterized in that, The grounding arm is fixedly connected to the floor, and / or at least one of the first power supply arms is fixedly connected to the floor.

18. The antenna system according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, The antenna system also includes a feed network located on the second side of the floor, and the second end of the first feed arm is electrically connected to the feed network.

19. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes the antenna system as described in any one of claims 16 to 18, and further includes a baseband unit connected to the antenna system.

20. A communication system, characterized in that, It includes core network equipment and the communication equipment as described in claim 19, wherein the communication equipment is communicatively connected to the core network equipment.

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