Antenna radiation module, antenna system and signal transmission method thereof, communication device and communication system

Abstract

The application provides an antenna radiation module, an antenna system, a signal transmission method of the antenna system, a communication device and a communication system. The antenna system comprises an excitation module and an antenna radiation module. The antenna radiation module comprises a reflecting plate, a first feeding radiator and an antenna radiator. The first feeding radiator and the antenna radiator are electrically connected. The excitation module comprises an excitation source and a second feeding radiator. The second feeding radiator is connected with the excitation source. The first feeding radiator and the second feeding radiator are connected in an air interface, and are used for transmitting a feeding signal between the excitation source and the antenna radiator. The signal transmission can be realized without contact between the two and at a certain distance, so that the excitation module and the antenna radiation module can be independently arranged. When one of them needs to be replaced due to maintenance or upgrading, the other one does not need to be replaced, which is beneficial to improving the setting flexibility of the antenna system and reducing the update cost of the antenna system.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510573097.3, filed on April 30, 2025, with the invention entitled "Antenna Radiation Module, Antenna System and Signal Transmission Method Thereof, Communication Equipment and Communication System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of electronic equipment technology, and in particular to an antenna radiation module, an antenna system and its signal transmission method, a communication device and a communication system. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of wireless communication technology and the evolution of base station antennas, the number of channels in the antenna system or the antenna radiating module's roof aperture needs to be changed. Currently, base station installation space is limited. When upgrading a base station antenna system, it's difficult to directly install the next-generation antenna system; the original antenna system must be removed before the upgraded one can be installed. Specifically, in existing technology, when either the number of channels or the antenna radiating module's roof aperture needs to be changed, the entire antenna system must be replaced. The original antenna system cannot be reused, resulting in high base station upgrade costs, and the complex disassembly and assembly process also increases labor costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an antenna radiating module, an antenna system, a signal transmission method thereof, a communication device, and a communication system. The antenna system offers high flexibility in configuration and low cost for upgrades.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides an antenna radiating module. The antenna radiating module includes a reflector, a first feed radiator, and an antenna radiator. The first feed radiator and the antenna radiator are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the reflector; specifically, the antenna radiator can be understood as being disposed on the front side of the reflector, and the first feed radiator is disposed on the back side of the reflector. The first feed radiator and the antenna radiator are electrically connected, and the first feed radiator is used to transmit a feed signal between the excitation module and the antenna radiator. The first feed radiator can be connected to the second feed radiator of the excitation module via an over-the-air interface. Thus, signal transmission can be achieved without physical contact between the two, by maintaining a certain distance between them. This allows the excitation module and the antenna radiating module to be set up independently. When one needs to be replaced due to maintenance or upgrades, the other does not need to be replaced, which improves the flexibility of the antenna system setup and reduces the upgrade cost of the antenna system.

[0006] In one technical solution, a first feed radiator is connected to at least two antenna radiators for transmitting feed signals to the at least two connected antenna radiators. Thus, different antenna radiating modules can include different apertures, and this solution allows for the replacement of antenna radiating modules according to actual needs, thereby adjusting the aperture of the antenna radiating modules.

[0007] The periphery of the first feed radiator can be provided with a shielding structure, which can be a metal structure, thereby reducing signal leakage during the air interface connection process between the first feed radiator and the second feed radiator, shielding interference signals, and improving the reliability of signal transmission between the first feed radiator and the second feed radiator.

[0008] In one specific implementation, a shielding structure is provided around the periphery of each first feed radiator. Shielding structures are present between any two adjacent first feed radiators, resulting in good shielding effectiveness and further improving the performance of the antenna system.

[0009] In another specific implementation, a shielding structure is provided around the periphery of the multiple first feed radiators. This scheme simplifies the shielding structure, thereby simplifying the structure of the antenna radiating module.

[0010] In a specific implementation, the aforementioned shielding structure can be a shielding plate located around the periphery of the first feed radiator, and electrically connected to the reflector. This creates a common ground structure between the shielding plate and the reflector, which improves the shielding effect of the shielding structure.

[0011] The aforementioned antenna radiating module also includes a first radome, within which the first feed radiator and the antenna radiator are disposed. The first radome includes a back plate located on the side of the first feed radiator facing away from the antenna radiator. Specifically, the first radome back plate, the first feed radiator, the reflector, and the antenna radiator are arranged sequentially. The side of the back plate facing away from the first feed radiator has a mounting groove for accommodating at least a portion of the excitation module. This design improves the integration of the antenna system, allowing for a closer mounting arrangement between the excitation module and the antenna radiating module. Furthermore, it enhances the alignment accuracy of the first and second feed radiators, improves their signal transmission efficiency, and ultimately improves the radiation efficiency and overall system efficiency of the antenna system.

[0012] The aforementioned antenna radiating module includes a first radome, a first feed radiator, and an antenna radiator disposed within the first radome. The first radome can include a first opening located on the side of the first feed radiator opposite to the antenna radiator. This design facilitates maintenance and adjustment of the internal structure of the antenna radiating module through the first opening.

[0013] In another technical solution, the antenna radiating module further includes a first radome and a protective frame, with the antenna radiator located inside the first radome. The protective frame surrounds the first feed radiator and is fixedly connected to the first radome. In this solution, the antenna radiator and the first feed radiator are located in different spaces, facilitating separate maintenance of each. Furthermore, the protective frame has a simpler structure and its height is easily adjustable.

[0014] The aforementioned first radome may further include a second substrate and a third housing, with the third housing and the protective frame respectively disposed on opposite sides of the second substrate. The third housing and the second substrate are fastened together to form the first radome, and the antenna radiator is located within the space enclosed by the third housing and the second substrate. The protective frame is fixed to the side of the second substrate facing away from the third housing, and the side of the protective frame facing away from the second substrate is connected to the second radome. Thus, the second substrate, the protective frame, and the second radome enclose a space for accommodating the first feed radiator.

[0015] The second substrate and the reflector are an integral structure, which simplifies the structure of the antenna radiation module.

[0016] Secondly, this application also provides an antenna system. The antenna system includes an excitation module and the antenna radiating module provided in the first aspect. The excitation module includes an excitation source and a second feed radiator, the second feed radiator being connected to the excitation source. The first and second feed radiators are connected via an over-the-air interface for transmitting a feed signal between the excitation source and the antenna radiator. In this scheme, the excitation module and the antenna radiating module can be set independently and only require an over-the-air connection. Therefore, when one needs to be replaced due to maintenance or upgrades, the other does not need to be replaced, which improves the flexibility of the antenna system setup and reduces the cost of the antenna system.

[0017] In the specific technical solution, the distance between the first feed radiator and the second feed radiator is less than or equal to 0.5λ, where λ is the center wavelength of the signal transmitted between the first feed radiator and the second feed radiator. This ensures better reliability of the air interface connection between the first feed radiator and the second feed radiator, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the antenna system.

[0018] The aforementioned first feed radiator includes a first radiating surface, and the second feed radiator includes a second radiating surface, with the first and second radiating surfaces parallel to each other. This results in a large area where the first and second feed radiators face each other, and a small and uniform spacing between them, which can improve the reliability of the air interface connection between the first and second feed radiators.

[0019] Furthermore, the electrical lengths of the first and second feed radiators can be made the same. This facilitates signal transmission between the first and second feed radiators, thereby improving the reliability of the air interface connection between them.

[0020] The first feed radiator includes a first radiating surface, and the orthographic projection of the second feed radiator onto the first radiating surface at least partially coincides with the first feed radiator. This can improve the reliability of the air interface connection between the first and second feed radiators.

[0021] In an antenna system, the number of first feed radiators in the antenna radiating module is greater than or equal to the number of second feed radiators in the excitation module. As long as the second feed radiators of the excitation module can be connected over-the-air to the first feed radiators of the antenna radiating module, the antenna radiating module can include redundant antenna radiators and first feed radiators. The selection of the antenna radiating module is quite flexible; in other words, the excitation module can be adapted to a wide variety of antenna radiating module types.

[0022] In one technical solution, the antenna system is a dual-polarized antenna system, where the antenna radiator, the first feed radiator, and the second feed radiator are all dual-polarized radiators. Specifically, one of the second feed radiators is connected to two signal channels of the excitation source, thereby enabling dual-polarized signal transmission.

[0023] In some implementations, the excitation module can include multiple signal channels, each connected to n second feed radiators, where n ≥ 2 and is a positive integer. A signal channel can be connected to the antenna radiating module through multiple second feed radiators. This approach also enriches the possible configurations of the antenna system, while maintaining a relatively large aperture for the antenna radiating module, which is beneficial for improving the communication performance and space utilization of the antenna system.

[0024] Furthermore, at least n-1 of the aforementioned n second feed radiators are connected to a phase shifter between each second feed radiator and the signal channel. This facilitates the connection of a signal channel to the first feed radiator through the n second feed radiators, and ensures smoother phase transitions between different first feed radiators.

[0025] In the specific technical solution, the antenna radiating module further includes a first radome, and the first feed radiator and the antenna radiator are disposed inside the first radome. The first radome includes a back plate, which is located on the side of the first feed radiator away from the antenna radiator. The side of the back plate away from the first feed radiator has a mounting groove, and at least a portion of the excitation module is accommodated in the mounting groove.

[0026] Furthermore, the aforementioned excitation module may include a second radome, with the excitation source and the second feed radiator located within the second radome, making the excitation module a modular design that is easy to assemble and disassemble. The second radome is a sealed radome. The second radome provides good protection, the excitation module has strong independence, and the assembly process between the excitation module and the antenna radiating module is relatively simple.

[0027] In another technical solution, the second antenna radome has a second opening on the side facing the antenna radiation module, and a first sealing structure is provided between the second antenna radome and the first antenna radome around the second opening. The first antenna radome and the first sealing structure cover the second opening. This solution facilitates the maintenance and adjustment of the internal structure of the excitation module through the second opening.

[0028] In another technical solution, the excitation module includes a second radome comprising a first housing, a first substrate, and a second housing. The first housing and the second housing are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first substrate, forming a receiving space. The excitation source is disposed between the first housing and the first substrate, i.e., the excitation source is disposed within the receiving space formed by the first housing and the first substrate. The second housing and the first substrate also form a receiving space, and the second feed radiator is located between the second housing and the first substrate, i.e., the second feed radiator is disposed within the receiving space formed by the second housing and the first substrate. By disposing of the excitation source and the second feed radiator in different receiving spaces, even if one receiving space is damaged, it does not affect the structural components in the other receiving space.

[0029] A shielding structure can be provided around the first feed radiator, and the second feed radiator is also located within the shielded space enclosed by the shielding structure. Thus, the shielding structure can effectively surround the area between the first and second feed radiators, thereby reducing signal leakage between them and minimizing interference from external signals, thus improving signal transmission efficiency.

[0030] In some technical solutions, the aforementioned antenna radiating module further includes a first radome, with the first feed radiator and the antenna radiator disposed within the first radome. The excitation module includes a second radome, with the excitation source and the second feed radiator located within the second radome. The first radome includes a first opening located on the side of the first feed radiator opposite to the antenna radiator. A second sealing structure is provided between the periphery of the first opening of the first radome and the second radome, with the second radome and the second sealing structure covering the first opening. This solution facilitates maintenance and adjustment of the internal structure of the antenna radiating module through the first opening.

[0031] The antenna radiating module also includes a first radome and a protective frame. The antenna radiator is located inside the first radome. The protective frame surrounds the periphery of the first feed radiator and is fixedly connected to the first radome. The excitation module includes a second radome. The excitation source and the second feed radiator are located inside the second radome. The end of the protective frame away from the first radome is connected to the second radome. The first and second radomes are located on opposite sides of the first feed radiator, respectively, while the protective frame surrounds the periphery of the first feed radiator, thus forming a protective space for the first feed radiator. In this design, the antenna radiator and the first feed radiator are located in different spaces, facilitating separate maintenance of the antenna radiator and the first feed radiator. The protective frame has a relatively simple structure, making it easy to adjust its dimensions along the normal direction of the first feed radiator. This allows for a closer distance between the first and second feed radiators, improving signal transmission between them.

[0032] Regarding the specific structure of the first radome, it can be an independently closed radome, or it can include a second substrate and a third housing, with the third housing and the protective frame respectively disposed on opposite sides of the second substrate. The protective frame is fixed to the side of the second substrate away from the third housing, and the side of the protective frame away from the second substrate is connected to the second radome. Thus, the second substrate, the protective frame, and the second radome enclose a space for accommodating the first feed radiator.

[0033] The second substrate and the reflector are an integral structure, which simplifies the structure of the antenna radiation module.

[0034] Thirdly, this application also provides a communication device. This communication device includes a baseband processing unit and the antenna system provided in the second aspect above. The baseband processing unit is connected to the antenna system. For example, the baseband processing unit can be electrically connected to the excitation module of the antenna system. In this solution, the communication device offers high flexibility in its configuration and low cost for device updates.

[0035] Fourthly, this application also provides a communication system, which includes core network equipment and the communication device provided in the third aspect above. The communication device is communicatively connected to the core network equipment to realize wireless communication functionality. This communication device offers high flexibility in its configuration, and the cost of updating the communication system is low.

[0036] Fifthly, this application also provides a signal transmission method for an antenna system, which is the antenna system provided in the second aspect above. The signal transmission method includes a signal transmission method or a signal reception method. The signal transmission method includes: transmitting a signal sequentially through an excitation source, a second feed radiator, and a first feed radiator to an antenna radiator; then, the antenna radiator transmits the signal to the communication space. The signal reception method includes: the antenna radiator receiving a signal from the communication space; then, the signal sequentially through the antenna radiator, the first feed radiator, and the second feed radiator to the excitation source. Since the first and second feed radiators are connected via an over-the-air interface, the excitation module and the antenna radiation module can be set independently. When one needs to be replaced due to maintenance or upgrades, the other does not need to be replaced, providing high flexibility and reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the communication system in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one antenna structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system in one embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first feed radiator and the second feed radiator in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a partial forward structural diagram of the antenna radiation module in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of an antenna radiation module in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 16 This is a partial back view diagram of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 17 This is a partial back view diagram of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 18 This is a partial back view diagram of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application.

[0064] Figure label:

[0065] 01-Antenna system; 02-Feeder;

[0066] 03-Grounding device; 04-Pole support;

[0067] 05- Mounting bracket; 06- Radio frequency processing unit;

[0068] 20 - Baseband processing unit; 011 - Antenna radome;

[0069] 012-Reflector; 013-Power supply network;

[0070] 014 - Oscillator; 1 - Excitation module;

[0071] 11-Excitation source; 111-Signal channel;

[0072] 12-Second feed radiator; 13-Filter;

[0073] 14-Phase shifter; 15-Second daytime antenna cover;

[0074] 151 - Second opening; 152 - First shell;

[0075] 153 - First substrate; 154 - Second housing;

[0076] 16 - First sealing structure;

[0077] 2-Antenna radiating module; 21-Reflector;

[0078] 22-First feed radiator; 23-Antenna radiator;

[0079] 24-First radome; 241-Backplate;

[0080] 2411 - Mounting groove; 24111 - Side wall;

[0081] 242 - Shielding structure; 243 - First opening;

[0082] 244 - Second substrate; 245 - Third housing;

[0083] 25 - Second sealing structure; 26 - Protective frame;

[0084] 27 - Third sealing structure; A - Normal direction of the first feed radiator;

[0085] B - Normal direction of the second feed radiator. Detailed Implementation

[0086] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0087] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0088] References to “an embodiment” or “a specific embodiment” as used in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and variations thereof mean “including, but not limited to,” unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0089] To facilitate understanding of the antenna radiation module, antenna system and its signal transmission method, communication equipment and communication system provided in the embodiments of this application, their application scenarios will be introduced first below.

[0090] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the communication system in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 1As shown, this application scenario can include communication equipment and terminals. Wireless communication can be achieved between the communication equipment and the terminals. The communication equipment can be located in a base station subsystem (BBS), a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), used for cell coverage of radio signals to enable communication between the terminal equipment and the wireless network. Specifically, the communication equipment can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Node B (NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the communication device may be a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, or a g node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a base station in a future evolved network, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.

[0091] In this application, the antenna can also be used in access network equipment, sometimes also called access nodes. Access network equipment has wireless transceiver capabilities for communicating with terminals. Access network equipment includes, but is not limited to, base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs) in the aforementioned communication systems, next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, future communication networks, access network equipment or modules of access network equipment in Open RAN (ORAN) systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access nodes in WiFi systems. Access network equipment can also be modules or units capable of implementing some of the functions of a base station. For example, access network equipment can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), as described below. In the ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU, DU can also be called open (O)-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CUP-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. The access network equipment can be a macro base station, micro base station, or indoor station, a relay node, a donor node, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Optionally, the access network equipment can also be a server, wearable device, or vehicle-mounted equipment. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). Multiple access network equipment in the communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types. Base stations can communicate with terminals directly or through relay stations. Terminals can communicate with multiple base stations using different access technologies.

[0092] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 2 As shown in the embodiments of this application, a communication device can be understood as a base station, which includes a base station antenna feeder system. In practical applications, the base station antenna feeder system mainly includes an antenna system 01, a feeder line 02, and a grounding device 03, etc. The antenna system 01 is generally fixed to a mast 04 by a mounting bracket 05.

[0093] Additionally, the communication equipment may include a radio frequency (RF) processing unit 06 and a baseband processing unit 20. For example, the RF processing unit 06 can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna system 01, converting it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal and sending it to the baseband processing unit 20. Alternatively, the RF processing unit 06 can be used to up-convert and amplify the IF signal emitted by the baseband processing unit 20, converting it into a wireless signal through the antenna system 01 and transmitting it. The baseband processing unit 20 can be connected to the feed network of the antenna system 01 via the RF processing unit 06. In some embodiments, the RF processing unit 06 may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 20 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0094] In this embodiment of the application, the specific location of the radio frequency processing unit 06 can be selected in several ways, such as... Figure 2 As shown, in one possible embodiment, the radio frequency (RF) processing unit 06 can be integrated with the antenna system 01, while the baseband processing unit 20 is located at the far end of the antenna system 01. The RF processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 can be connected via a feed line 02. In another possible embodiment, the RF processing unit 06 can also be located near the antenna system 01, for example, below the antenna system. In yet another possible embodiment, the RF processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 can both be located at the far end of the antenna system 01.

[0095] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in one embodiment of this application. Please refer to the attached diagram. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the antenna system 01 used in communication equipment may further include an antenna radome 011, a reflector 012 located within the antenna radome 011, and a feed network 013, wherein the reflector 012 may also be referred to as a base plate. In any embodiment of this application, the reflector may be a solid pure metal plate, or it may be a metal plate with holes, or it may be a frequency selective surface, for example, capable of reflecting signals of a certain frequency band on one side of the frequency selective surface and transmitting signals of another frequency band on the other side, etc.

[0096] The main function of the power supply network 013 is to feed signals to the vibrator 014 with a certain amplitude and phase, or to transmit the wireless signals received by the vibrator 014 to the baseband processing unit 20 of the base station with a certain amplitude and phase. It is understood that, in specific implementations, the power supply network 013 may include at least one of the following devices: a phase shifter, a combiner, a transmission or calibration network, or a filter. This application does not limit the components, type, or functions that the power supply network 013 can achieve. For example, as... Figure 3 As shown, the phase shifter is connected to a radiator, a combiner, and / or a filter. The phase shifter may also be connected to a drive or calibration network. Optionally, a combiner and / or filter may be connected between the phase shifter and the radiator.

[0097] Of course, the antenna system 01 described above can also be applied to various other types of communication devices. This application does not limit the application scenarios of the antenna system 01.

[0098] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the mounting bracket 05 may be provided together with the antenna system 01, which can be understood as the antenna system 01 including the mounting bracket 05. Alternatively, the mounting bracket 05 and the antenna system 01 may be provided by different manufacturers, in which case the antenna system 01 does not include the mounting bracket 05. In some application scenarios, when the mounting bracket 05 and the antenna system 01 are provided by different manufacturers, the equipment such as the mast 04 and the mounting bracket 05 may be provided by the site provider. The equipment such as the antenna system 01, the radio frequency processing unit 06, and the baseband processing unit 20 in the base station may be provided by the antenna manufacturer, the base station manufacturer, a non-base station manufacturer, or purchased separately by the operator. Furthermore, in some cases, the base station in the embodiments of this application may not include the mounting bracket 05.

[0099] Regarding the radome 011, in terms of electrical performance, the radome 011 has good electromagnetic wave penetration, thus not affecting the normal transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves between the vibrator 014 and the outside world. In terms of mechanical performance, the radome 011 has good stress resistance and oxidation resistance, thus being able to withstand the corrosion of harsh external environments.

[0100] The 014 element, also known as a radiating element, radiator, or radiating unit, is a basic structural component of an antenna, effectively transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves. In practical applications, the 014 element can be categorized into single-polarized and dual-polarized types. The appropriate type of 014 element can be selected based on specific requirements during configuration.

[0101] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, it includes an excitation module 1 and an antenna radiation module 2. The excitation module 1 is used to power the antenna radiation module 2 to realize signal reception and / or signal transmission of the antenna radiation module 2. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a side structure of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment, the antenna radiation module 2 includes a reflector 21, a first feed radiator 22, and an antenna radiator 23. Both the first feed radiator 22 and the antenna radiator 23 can be used to receive and / or transmit electromagnetic waves. The first feed radiator 22 and the antenna radiator 23 are respectively disposed on both sides of the reflector 21. The antenna radiator 23 is located on the front side of the reflector 21, transmitting or receiving signals towards the front side of the reflector 21. The first feed radiator 22 is located on the back side of the reflector 21, transmitting or receiving signals towards the back side of the reflector 21. The first feed radiator 22 and the antenna radiator 23 are electrically connected, and the first feed radiator 22 is used to transmit feed signals between the excitation module 1 and the antenna radiator 23.

[0102] The excitation module 1 includes an excitation source 11 and a second feed radiator 12, which is connected to the excitation source 11. In some embodiments, a filter 13 or other device may also be connected between the second feed radiator 12 and the excitation source 11. The first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 are connected via an over-the-air interface for transmitting feed signals between the excitation source 11 and the antenna radiator 23. Specifically, the excitation module 1 is located on the side of the antenna radiating module 2 where the first feed radiator 22 is away from the reflector 21, or in other words, the antenna radiating module 2 and the first feed radiator 22 are located on the same side of the reflector 21, with the antenna radiating module 2 located on the back side of the reflector 21. The over-the-air connection between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 means that they do not need to be in contact; signal transmission can be achieved by maintaining a certain distance between them. Thus, the excitation module 1 and the antenna radiating module 2 can be set up independently. When one needs to be replaced due to maintenance or upgrades, the other does not need to be replaced, which is beneficial for improving the flexibility of the antenna system and reducing the cost of the antenna system.

[0103] It is worth noting that in some embodiments, the excitation module 1 described above can serve as the feeding structure for the antenna radiating module 2, used to feed the antenna radiating module 2 and realize the signal reception and / or signal transmission of the antenna radiating module 2.

[0104] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the excitation module 1 itself can also function as an active antenna. In this embodiment, the excitation source 11 feeds the second feed radiator 12, which transmits signals toward or receives signals from the communication space.

[0105] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a signal transmission method for an antenna system, which is implemented using an antenna system provided in any embodiment of this application. Specifically, the signal transmission method may include a method for the antenna system to transmit signals, comprising: transmitting a signal sequentially through an excitation source 11, a second feed radiator 12, and a first feed radiator 22 to an antenna radiator 23; and then the antenna radiator 23 transmitting the signal to the communication space. Specifically, the signal is transmitted from the excitation source 11 to the second feed radiator 12, and this stage can be achieved through a transmission line; then, the signal is transmitted from the second feed radiator 12 to the first feed radiator 22, and this stage can be achieved through an over-the-air connection. Specifically, the second feed radiator 12 transmits the signal, and the first feed radiator 22 receives the signal transmitted by the second feed radiator 12, thereby transmitting the signal to the first feed radiator 22; then, the signal is transmitted from the first feed radiator 22 to the antenna radiator 23, and this stage can be achieved through a transmission line; finally, the signal is radiated to the communication space through the antenna radiator 23. The communication space can refer to the radiation space of the antenna system, that is, the space where the signal sent from the antenna radiator 23 can be transmitted.

[0106] The signal transmission method may further include a method for the antenna system to receive signals. The process of the antenna system receiving signals is the reverse of the process of transmitting signals. The method for the antenna system to receive signals includes: the antenna radiator 23 receiving signals from the communication space; then the signal is transmitted sequentially through the antenna radiator 23, the first feed radiator 22, and the second feed radiator 12 to the excitation source 11. Specifically: the antenna radiator 23 receives signals from the communication space; then, the signal is transmitted from the antenna radiator 23 to the first feed radiator 22, this stage using a transmission line; then, the signal is transmitted from the first feed radiator 22 to the second feed radiator 12, this stage using an over-the-air connection. Specifically, the first feed radiator 22 transmits the signal, and the second feed radiator 12 receives the signal transmitted by the first feed radiator 22, thus the signal is transmitted to the second feed radiator 12; then, the signal is transmitted from the second feed radiator 12 to the excitation source 11, where the signal is received.

[0107] It is worth noting that during the transmission of the signal between the antenna radiator 23 and the excitation source 11, the signal may undergo some transformations, but the specific information it carries is considered to remain unchanged. For example, the specific information carried may include the amplitude and phase information of the signal. For instance, in some transmission processes, the signal may be an electromagnetic wave; for example, the signal transmitted between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 may be an electromagnetic wave. In other transmission processes, it may be a current; for example, the signal transmitted between the antenna radiator 23 and the first feed radiator 22 may be a current.

[0108] In this embodiment, the excitation module 1 and the antenna radiator 23 module are connected via an air interface, without the need for direct electrical connection. Therefore, when maintaining and upgrading the antenna system, only the upgraded module needs to be replaced, while maintaining the air interface connection between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12. This method is low-cost and convenient.

[0109] Specifically, in possible embodiments, the over-the-air connection between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 can be an electrical coupling connection, an electromagnetic induction connection, or an electromagnetic wave connection. That is, the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 may not be the transmitted electromagnetic waves, but may be a coupled electrical connection or an electromagnetic induction connection. In this case, the first feed radiator 22 can be a feed structure, and is not necessarily a radiating surface that transmits electromagnetic waves in a strict sense.

[0110] In the specific technical solution, the excitation source 11 in the excitation module 1 excites the second feed radiator 12 to transmit a signal in the first frequency band. The first frequency band can be understood as including at least one frequency band used for communication. For example, the first frequency band may include at least one communication frequency band in a cellular network, namely (low band, LB) (698MHz-960MHz), (middle band, MB) (1710MHz-2170MHz), or (high band, HB) (2300MHz-2690MHz), or it may also include other communication frequency bands, such as at least some communication frequency bands in sub-6G. Taking an operating frequency band of a cellular network as LB (698MHz-960MHz) as an example, this operating frequency band may include multiple communication frequency bands belonging to this frequency range, such as B5, B8, etc., which can all be understood accordingly in the embodiments of this application.

[0111] The specific forms of the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 are not limited, as long as they can be connected over the air. For example, the feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 can be patches or dipoles.

[0112] To improve the reliability of the air interface connection between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, the spacing between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 should be as small as possible, and the area of ​​the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 facing each other should be as large as possible.

[0113] In some embodiments, the distance between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 is less than or equal to 0.5λ, where λ is the center wavelength of the signal transmitted between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12. Specifically, the center wavelength λ can be the center wavelength of the signal transmitted between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 in free space, or it can be the center wavelength of the signal transmitted between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 in space including the medium. This allows for better reliability of the air interface connection between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, which is beneficial for improving the efficiency of the antenna system. In a further embodiment, the distance between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 can be less than or equal to 0.2λ, or the distance between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 can be less than or equal to 0.1λ.

[0114] In some specific embodiments, the spacing between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 can be 0.02λ, 0.04λ, 0.05λ, 0.06λ, 0.08λ, 0.1λ, 0.12λ, 0.15λ, 0.17λ, 0.19λ, 0.2λ, 0.24λ, 0.25λ, 0.28λ, 0.3λ, 0.31λ, 0.35λ, 0.36λ, 0.37λ, 0.4λ, 0.42λ, 0.43λ, 0.45λ, or 0.48λ, etc.

[0115] The first feed radiator 22 includes a first radiating surface, and the orthographic projection of the second feed radiator 12 onto the first radiating surface at least partially coincides with the first feed radiator 22. In this configuration, the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 are at least partially opposite each other, resulting in better signal transmission performance. In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the second feed radiator 12 onto the first radiating surface can coincide with the first feed radiator 22. Specifically, the orthographic projection of the second feed radiator 12 onto the first radiating surface can be completely located within the first feed radiator 22, or the first feed radiator 22 can be completely located within the orthographic projection of the second feed radiator 12 onto the first radiating surface.

[0116] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first feed radiator and the second feed radiator in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments, the first feed radiator 22 includes a first radiating surface, which is a plane perpendicular to the normal A of the first feed radiator 22; the second feed radiator 12 includes a second radiating surface, which is a plane perpendicular to the normal B of the second feed radiator 12. In this application, the normal of the radiator generally refers to the direction perpendicular to the surface of the radiator. For example, if the radiator is a dipole radiator, the normal of the radiator is the direction perpendicular to the axis of the radiator; if the radiator is a microstrip patch radiator, the normal of the radiator is the direction perpendicular to the patch plane. The first and second radiating surfaces are parallel, and the normal N of the first feed radiator 22 and the normal B of the second feed radiator 12 are parallel. This results in a larger area facing the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, and a smaller and more uniform spacing between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, which can improve the reliability of the air interface connection between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12. The first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 can be sheet-like structures. The first radiating surface can also be understood as the plane where the first feed radiator 22 is located, and the second radiating surface can also be understood as the plane where the second feed radiator 12 is located.

[0117] In a specific embodiment, to improve the reliability of the over-the-air connection between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, the electrical length of the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 can be made the same. This facilitates signal transmission between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, thereby improving the reliability of the over-the-air connection between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12.

[0118] The aforementioned electrical length can be expressed as the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the time it takes for an electrical or electromagnetic signal to travel in a medium to the time required for that signal to travel a distance in free space equal to the physical length of the medium. For example, electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0119]

[0120] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0121] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0122]

[0123] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0124] In some embodiments of this application, the physical length of the radiator can be understood as within ±20%, ±10%, or ±5% of the electrical length of the radiator.

[0125] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 This is a partial forward structural diagram of the antenna radiation module 2 in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the first feed radiator 22 can be connected to one antenna radiator 23, two antenna radiators 23, or more antenna radiators 23. In short, the first feed radiator 22 can be connected to any number of antenna radiators 23 and can be connected to the excitation module 1 provided in this application via an air interface. Therefore, the antenna radiating module 2 can be replaced according to actual needs, thereby adjusting the aperture of the antenna radiating module 2.

[0126] For example, Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, a first feed radiator 22 is connected to two antenna radiators 23. Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, a first feed radiator 22 is connected to three antenna radiators 23. Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, a first feed radiator 22 is connected to four antenna radiators 23. If in... Figure 5 Based on the illustrated embodiment, if it is necessary to increase the aperture of the antenna system, the antenna radiating module 2 can be directly replaced to form... Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment does not require replacing the entire antenna system. If in Figure 7 Based on the illustrated embodiment, if it is necessary to reduce the aperture of the antenna system, the antenna radiating module 2 can be directly replaced to form... Figure 5 The illustrated embodiment does not require replacing the entire antenna system.

[0127] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a side structure of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, in one embodiment, the number of first feed radiators 22 included in the antenna radiating module 2 is greater than or equal to the number of second feed radiators 12 included in the excitation module 1. In this embodiment, the selection of the antenna radiating module 2 is relatively flexible; that is, the excitation module 1 can be adapted to a variety of antenna radiating module 2 types, as long as the second feed radiators 12 of the excitation module 1 can be connected to the first feed radiators 22 of the antenna radiating module 2 via an over-the-air interface. The antenna radiating module 2 can include redundant antenna radiators 23 and first feed radiators 22. Therefore, when there is a requirement to change the excitation module 1, the excitation module 1 can be directly replaced. The original excitation module 1, which may include M second feed radiators 12, can be replaced with an excitation module 1 including M / 2 second feed radiators 12 without replacing the antenna radiating module 2. For example, the excitation module 1 with 128 signal channels 111 can be replaced with an excitation module 1 with 64 signal channels 111, or vice versa. Therefore, when it is necessary to replace the excitation module 1, the antenna radiation module 2 does not need to be replaced; only the excitation module 1 needs to be replaced, thus reducing the cost of replacing the excitation module 1.

[0128] In one technical solution, the number of second feed radiators 12 included in the excitation module 1 is greater than or equal to the number of first feed radiators 22 included in the antenna radiation module 2. Therefore, the second feed radiators 12 of the excitation module 1 may be redundant. In this case, the redundant second feed radiators 12 can also transmit signals to or receive signals from the communication space, working together with the antenna radiators 23 of the antenna radiation module 2.

[0129] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a side structure of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments, the excitation module 1 may include multiple signal channels 111, each signal channel 111 being connected to n second feed radiators 12, where n ≥ 2 and is a positive integer. That is, one signal channel 111 may be connected to two or more second feed radiators 12, thus one signal channel 111 can be connected to the antenna radiating module 2 through multiple second feed radiators 12. This scheme can also enrich the possible configuration schemes of the antenna system, and the antenna radiating module 2 maintains a large aperture, which is beneficial to improving the communication effect and space utilization of the antenna system.

[0130] For example, by replacing the excitation module 1 with 128 signal channels 111 with a 64 signal channel 111, when the antenna system includes the excitation module 1 with 128 signal channels 111, one signal channel 111 can be connected to one second feed radiator 12, thereby feeding all the antenna radiators 23 of the antenna radiating module 2 and making full use of the aperture of the entire antenna radiating module 2. Although the number of channels is reduced, one signal channel 111 can be connected to two second feed radiators 12, so that all the first feed radiators 22 of the antenna module are still connected to the second feed radiators 12 without any interface. One signal channel 111 excites the antenna radiators 23 connected to two feed radiators, without wasting the first feed radiators 22 and antenna radiators 23 of the antenna radiating module 2, making full use of the aperture of the antenna radiating module 2 and improving the utilization rate of the antenna radiating module 2.

[0131] To improve signal transmission performance, at least n-1 of the n second feed radiators 12 connected to the same signal channel 111 are connected to the signal channel 111 via a phase shifter 14. For example, Figure 10 In the illustrated embodiment, a signal channel 111 connects to two second feed radiators 12. One of the second feed radiators 12 is connected to a phase shifter 14, while the other second feed radiator 12 is not connected to a phase shifter 14 for cost-effectiveness. In some embodiments, the other second feed radiator 12 may also be connected to a phase shifter 14. By adding a phase shifter 14, the phase can be made smoother, facilitating the connection of a signal channel 111 to a first feed radiator 22 through n second feed radiators 12, and ensuring smoother phase between different first feed radiators 22.

[0132] In this embodiment, any one of the antenna radiator 23, the first feed radiator 22, and the second feed radiator 12 in the antenna system can be a dual-polarized radiator or a single-polarized radiator. Taking the second feed radiator 12 as an example, when the second feed radiator 12 is electrically connected to a single signal channel 111, the radiation generated by the second feed radiator 12 has single-polarized characteristics, and the second feed radiator 12 is thus a single-polarized radiator. When the second feed radiator 12 is electrically connected to two signal channels 111, the radiation generated by the second feed radiator 12 has dual-polarized characteristics, and the second feed radiator 12 is thus a dual-polarized radiator. The isolation between the two signal channels 111 is also better, and the utilization rate of the radiator is higher, which is beneficial to improving the integration of the antenna system.

[0133] For example, when the second feed radiator 12 is X-shaped, it includes two mutually perpendicular radiating arms. Two signal channels 111 are electrically connected to each of the two radiating arms of the second feed radiator 12 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the radiation polarizations generated by the two radiating arms are orthogonal. The second feed radiator 12 can simultaneously transmit electrical signals through the two signal channels 111.

[0134] It should be understood that in the above embodiments, only the ±45° polarization orthogonal radiation generated by two mutually perpendicular radiating arms is used as an example. In actual production or design, similar effects can be achieved through other polarization orthogonal methods. For example, horizontal polarization and vertical polarization are not limited in this application embodiment. The above embodiments only use the second feed radiator 12 as an example for illustration. All radiators described in the embodiments of this application can be understood accordingly, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail.

[0135] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a side structure of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the antenna system is a dual-polarized antenna system. Specifically, the antenna radiator 23, the first feed radiator 22, and the second feed radiator 12 can all be dual-polarized radiators, with one second feed radiator 12 connected to the two signal channels 111 of the excitation source 11. Thus, one second feed radiator 12 can be a dual-polarized radiator, capable of transmitting signals from both signal channels 111. Correspondingly, the first feed radiator 22 and the antenna radiator 23 are also dual-polarized radiators, thereby enabling the antenna system to be a dual-polarized antenna system and achieve dual-polarized signal transmission.

[0136] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a side structure of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 12 As shown, in some embodiments, the antenna system is a dual-polarized antenna system. Specifically, the antenna radiator 23 and the first feed radiator 22 can both be dual-polarized radiators, but the second feed radiator 12 is a single-polarized radiator. One second feed radiator 12 is connected to one signal channel 111 of the excitation source 11, while one first feed radiator 22 is connected to both second feed radiators 12 via an open interface. Thus, the first feed radiator 22 achieves connection to both signal channels 111 of the excitation source 11. The first feed radiator 22 can transmit signals from both signal channels 111. Since the antenna radiator 23 is also a dual-polarized radiator, the antenna system can be a dual-polarized antenna system, enabling the transmission of dual-polarized signals.

[0137] like Figures 10-12As shown, in some embodiments, the antenna radiating module 2 further includes a first antenna cover 24, in which the first feed radiator 22, reflector 21 and antenna radiator 23 are disposed. Thus, in addition to protecting the first feed radiator 22, reflector 21 and antenna radiator 23, the first antenna cover 24 also facilitates the formation of the antenna radiating module 2 as an integral module, improves the modularity of the antenna radiating module 2, and makes it easier to replace and upgrade the antenna radiating module 2 of the antenna system.

[0138] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the antenna radiation module 2 in an embodiment of this application. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a side structure of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, in some embodiments, the first radome 24 further includes a back plate 241, which is located on the side of the first feed radiator 22 facing away from the antenna radiator 23. In some embodiments, the antenna radiator 23, the reflector 21, the first feed radiator 22, and the back plate 241 are arranged sequentially. Viewed from the antenna system, the back plate 241 is located on the side of the antenna radiating module 2 facing the excitation module 1, between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12. The side of the back plate 241 facing away from the first feed radiator 22 has a mounting groove 2411 for accommodating at least a portion of the excitation module 1. Viewed from the outside of the back plate 241, the back plate 241 has the mounting groove 2411. Viewed from the inside of the first radome 24, the back plate 241 has a protrusion. At least a portion of the structure of the excitation module 1 is accommodated within the mounting groove 2411, which, on the one hand, helps to improve the integration of the antenna system, making the excitation module 1 and the antenna radiating module 2 of the antenna system more closely integrated. On the other hand, it is beneficial to improve the alignment accuracy of the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12. Generally, the signal transmission efficiency is higher when the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 are directly aligned with each other. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the signal transmission efficiency of the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, and improve the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna system.

[0139] The sidewall 24111 of the mounting groove 2411 can be an inclined sidewall 24111, meaning the angle between the sidewall 24111 and the bottom wall of the mounting groove 2411 is not a right angle. In some embodiments, the angle between the sidewall 24111 and the bottom wall is an obtuse angle, which facilitates the fabrication and formation of the backplate 241. The sidewall 24111 also serves as a guide during the installation of the excitation module 1, facilitating the assembly of the excitation module 1 and the alignment of the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed module 12. In some embodiments, the angle between the sidewall 24111 and the bottom wall can be a right angle, meaning the sidewall 24111 and the bottom wall of the mounting groove 2411 are perpendicular to each other. This sidewall 24111 can abut against the excitation module 1, providing a certain degree of fixation and improving the structural stability.

[0140] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application. Figure 16 This is a partial back-view structural diagram of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, in one embodiment, a shielding structure 242 is provided around the first feed radiator 22. This shielding structure 242 is specifically made of metal and is capable of shielding signals. The shielding structure 242 encloses a shielded space. This solution can reduce signal leakage during the over-the-air connection process between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, shield interference signals, and effectively suppress the passive intermodulation source of the excitation module 1, thus improving the performance of the antenna system.

[0141] The specific configuration of the aforementioned shielding structure can be selected in various ways, for example, such as Figure 16 As shown, a shielding structure 242 can be provided around the periphery of all the first feed radiators 22 of the antenna radiating module 2. In this embodiment, a shielding structure 242 refers to a shielding structure 242 that encloses a shielding space. Taking a square shielding space as an example, a shielding structure 242 includes structures in four directions around the periphery of the shielding space. For example, it could be four shielding plates, or four side plates formed by bending a shielding plate. This design simplifies the structure of the antenna radiating module 2.

[0142] Figure 17 This is a partial back-view structural diagram of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 17As shown, in one embodiment, a shielding structure 242 can be provided around the periphery of the plurality of first feed radiators 22 of the antenna radiating module 2. This helps to further reduce interference during the air interface connection process between the first feed radiators 22 and the second feed radiators 12, and further reduce signal leakage during the air interface connection process between the first feed radiators 22 and the second feed radiators 12, thereby further improving the performance of the antenna system.

[0143] In this scheme, the first feed radiators 22 of the antenna radiating module 2 can be divided into groups, with each group comprising multiple first feed radiators 22. A shielding structure 242 is provided around the periphery of each group of first feed radiators 22. In one technical solution, adjacent groups of first feed radiators 22 can share a portion of the shielding structure 242. For example, only one layer of shielding plate is needed between adjacent groups of first feed radiators 22. This scheme simplifies the shielding structure, thereby simplifying the structure of the antenna radiating module 2.

[0144] Figure 18 This is a partial back-view structural diagram of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 18 As shown, in one embodiment, a shielding structure 242 can be provided around the periphery of a first feed radiator 22. In this scheme, any two adjacent first feed radiators 22 are connected by a shielding structure 242, resulting in better shielding and further improving the performance of the antenna system. In another technical solution, two adjacent first feed radiators 22 can share a portion of the shielding structure 242. For example, only one shielding plate needs to be provided between two adjacent first feed radiators 22, thereby simplifying the structure of the antenna radiation module 2.

[0145] like Figure 15 As shown, in one embodiment, the shielding structure 242 can be a shielding plate located inside the first radome 24 and on the periphery of the first feed radiator. This design allows for high flexibility in setting the shielding plate's position and size according to actual needs.

[0146] In a specific embodiment, the shielding plate is located on the side of the reflector 21 facing the first feed radiator 22, which can make the reflector 21 and the shielding plate an integral structure, or the reflector 21 and the shielding plate can be fixedly connected. For example, the reflector 21 and the shielding plate can be plugged in or welded together. Figure 15As shown, the shielding plate can extend from the reflector 21 to near the surface of the first radome 24. In short, maximizing the height of the shielding plate along the first feed radiator 22 towards the second feed radiator 12 improves its shielding effect. Alternatively, the shielding plate can extend from the reflector 21 to the surface of the first radome 24, thus providing sufficient shielding height and further enhancing the shielding effect. In some embodiments, the height of the shielding plate refers to its height along a direction perpendicular to the reflector 21.

[0147] The shielding plate and the reflector 21 are electrically connected, so that the shielding plate and the reflector 21 share a common ground, thus forming a common ground structure, which is beneficial to improving the shielding effect of the shielding structure 242.

[0148] In this embodiment, the shielding plate is located inside the first radome 24 and is also located around the second feed radiator 12. That is, in addition to the first feed radiator 22 being located in the shielding space enclosed by the shielding structure 242, the second feed radiator 12 is also located in the shielding space enclosed by the shielding structure 242. The gap between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12 is also located in the aforementioned shielding space. This can effectively shield interference signals during the over-the-air connection between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, and effectively reduce signal leakage during the over-the-air connection between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, thereby improving the signal transmission effect.

[0149] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a side structure of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 19 As shown, in one embodiment, the first radome 24 further includes a back plate 241 located on the side of the first feed radiator 22 facing away from the antenna radiator 23. The back plate 241 has a mounting groove 2411 on the side facing away from the first feed radiator 22, which is used to accommodate at least a portion of the excitation module 1. The mounting groove 2411 can also have a shielding structure 242 around its periphery, which can include a shielding layer on the sidewall 24111 surface of the mounting groove 2411. In this design, the shielding structure 242 can be fabricated without additional space, reducing the structural complexity of the antenna radiating module 2. In some specific embodiments, the shielding layer can cover the entire sidewall 24111 surface of the mounting groove 2411. Furthermore, the shielding layer can be located inside the first radome 24. Alternatively, the shielding layer can be located outside the first radome 24. This design also allows the second feed radiator 12 to be located within the shielded space enclosed by the shielding structure 242.

[0150] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a side structure of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, in one embodiment, the excitation module 1 includes a second antenna radome 15, with the excitation source 11 and the second feed radiator 12 located inside the second antenna radome 15. Thus, in addition to protecting the excitation source 11 and the second feed radiator 12, the second antenna radome 15 also facilitates the formation of the excitation module 1 as a single, integrated module, improving the modularity of the excitation module 1 and making it easier to replace and upgrade the excitation module 1 of the antenna system.

[0151] like Figure 19 As shown, in one embodiment, the second antenna radome 15 is a sealed antenna radome. In this design, the second antenna radome 15 independently protects the excitation source 11 and the second feed radiator 12, resulting in good protection. Furthermore, the excitation module 1 has strong independence, and the assembly process between the excitation module 1 and the antenna radiating module 2 is relatively simple.

[0152] like Figure 20 As shown, in one embodiment, the second antenna cover 15 has a second opening 151 on the side facing the antenna radiation module 2, and a first sealing structure 16 is provided between the second antenna cover 15 and the first antenna cover 24 on the periphery of the second opening 151, so that the first antenna cover 24 and the first sealing structure 16 cover the second opening 151, thereby sealing the second opening 151 of the second antenna cover 15 using the first antenna cover 24 and the first sealing structure 16. This solution is beneficial for maintaining and adjusting the internal structure of the excitation module 1. As long as the antenna radiation module 2 and the excitation module are separated, the internal structure of the excitation module 1 can be maintained and adjusted through the second opening 151.

[0153] The aforementioned first sealing structure 16 can be a waterproof rubber ring, waterproof adhesive, or waterproof strip, etc. The first sealing structure 16 is located between the first radome 24 and the second radome 15, and is arranged around the second opening 151. This ensures that the first radome 24 and the first sealing structure 16 seal the second opening 151, reducing the probability of rainwater or dust and other impurities entering the second radome 15 through the second opening 151, thereby improving the structural reliability of the antenna system.

[0154] The first sealing structure 16 can be an independent structure installed between the first radome 24 and the second radome 15; or, the first sealing structure 16 can be pre-installed on the first radome 24 before assembling the first radome 24 and the second radome 15; or, the first sealing structure 16 can be pre-installed on the periphery of the second opening 151 of the second radome 15 before assembling the first radome 24 and the second radome 15.

[0155] The size of the second opening 151 can be designed according to actual needs. For example, in some embodiments, the second opening 151 can be located on the side of the second antenna cover 15 facing the first antenna cover 24; or, the second opening 151 can be provided in half of the area of ​​the side of the second antenna cover 15 facing the first antenna cover 24. For example, the second opening 151 can be provided in the area opposite to the critical structural components inside the second antenna cover 15. The critical structural components refer to structural components that are prone to damage or may require replacement and maintenance. That is, critical structural components can also be called structural components that need maintenance.

[0156] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application. Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of an antenna system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, the second radome 15 of the excitation module 1 may include a first housing 152, a first substrate 153, and a second housing 154. The first housing 152 and the second housing 154 are respectively disposed on both sides of the first substrate 153. The first housing 152 and the first substrate 153 are fastened together to form a receiving space, and the second housing 154 is also fastened together with the first substrate 153 to form a receiving space. The excitation source and the second feed radiator 12 are respectively disposed on both sides of the first substrate 153, and the excitation source 11 is disposed between the first housing 152 and the first substrate 153, that is, the excitation source 11 is disposed within the receiving space enclosed by the first housing 152 and the first substrate 153. The second feed radiator 12 is located between the second housing 154 and the first substrate 153, that is, the second feed radiator 12 is located within the receiving space enclosed by the second housing 154 and the first substrate 153. In this scheme, the excitation source 11 and the second feed radiator 12 can be disposed in different receiving spaces. Even if one receiving space is damaged, it will not affect the structural components in the other receiving space. Furthermore, if the excitation source 11 or the second feed radiator 12 in the excitation module 1 is damaged, only the corresponding housing needs to be disassembled for maintenance.

[0157] The first substrate 153 in the above embodiments can be merely an auxiliary component for mounting structural components such as the first housing 152 and the second housing 154. Alternatively, when the excitation module 1 includes a reflector, the reflector is used to reflect the signal radiated by the second feed radiator 12, and the first substrate 153 and the reflector in the excitation module 1 can be an integral structure. For example, the first substrate 153 itself is the reflector in the antenna radiation module 2, or the reflector in the excitation module 1 is fixedly disposed on the first substrate 153, such as by forming a metal layer on the surface of the first substrate 153 as a reflector.

[0158] The filter 13 and other structures in the excitation module 1 can also be disposed on the first substrate 153. Furthermore, the excitation module 1 may also include a feeding network, which can also be disposed on the first substrate 153. The second feeding radiator 12 can also be fixed to the first substrate 153.

[0159] like Figure 21 As shown, in some embodiments, the area of ​​the first substrate 153 may be the same as the opening area of ​​at least one of the first housing 152 or the second housing 154 facing the first substrate 153, that is, the first substrate 153 is just fastened to at least one of the first housing 152 or the second housing 154 to form a complete first radome 24, or in other words, the orthographic projection of the first substrate 153 on the plane where the first radiating surface is located may completely coincide with the orthographic projection of the opening of at least one of the first housing 152 or the second housing 154 facing the second substrate 244 on the plane where the first radiating surface is located.

[0160] like Figure 22 As shown, in some embodiments, the area of ​​the first substrate 153 may be larger than the area of ​​the opening of either the first housing 152 or the second housing 154 toward the first substrate 153. That is, the first substrate 153 extends a partial structure on the side relative to the first housing 152 and the second housing 154. In other words, the orthographic projection of the opening of either the first housing 152 or the second housing 154 toward the first substrate 153 is completely located within the orthographic projection of the first substrate 153 onto the plane of the first radiation surface.

[0161] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application. Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of an antenna system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 24 As shown, in some embodiments, the antenna radiating module 2 further includes a first radome 24, within which the first feed radiator 22 and the antenna radiator 23 are disposed. The first radome 24 includes a first opening 243 located on the side of the first feed radiator 22 facing away from the antenna radiator 23. This design facilitates the maintenance and adjustment of the internal structure of the antenna radiating module 2 through the first opening 243.

[0162] like Figure 23As shown, when the antenna radiating module 2 and the excitation module 1 are specifically installed as an antenna system, the excitation module 1 includes a second radome 15, and the excitation source 11 and the second feed radiator 12 are located inside the second radome 15. The first radome 24 and the second radome 15 are fixedly connected, and a second sealing structure 25 is provided between the periphery of the first opening 243 of the first radome 24 and the second radome 15, and the second radome 15 and the second sealing structure 25 cover the first opening 243. By simply disassembling the antenna radiating module 2 and the excitation module 1, the internal structure of the antenna radiating module 2 can be maintained and adjusted through the first opening 243.

[0163] The second sealing structure 25 can be a waterproof rubber ring, waterproof adhesive, or waterproof strip, etc. The second sealing structure 25 is located between the first radome 24 and the second radome 15, and is arranged around the first opening 243. This ensures that the second radome 15 and the second sealing structure 25 seal the first opening 243, reducing the probability of rainwater or dust and other impurities entering the first radome 24 through the first opening 243, thereby improving the structural reliability of the antenna system.

[0164] The second sealing structure 25 can be an independent structure installed between the first radome 24 and the second radome 15; or, the second sealing structure 25 can be pre-installed on the second radome 15 before assembling the first radome 24 and the second radome 15; or, the second sealing structure 25 can be pre-installed on the periphery of the first opening 243 of the first radome 24 before assembling the first radome 24 and the second radome 15.

[0165] The size of the first opening 243 can be designed according to actual needs. For example, in some embodiments, the first opening 243 can be provided on the side of the first radome 24 facing the second radome 15; or, the first opening 243 can be provided in half of the area of ​​the side of the first radome 24 facing the second radome 15. For example, the first opening 243 can be provided in the area opposite to the critical structural components inside the first radome 24. The critical structural components refer to structural components that are prone to damage or may require replacement and maintenance. That is, critical structural components can also be called structural components that need maintenance.

[0166] In addition, in some embodiments, such as Figure 23As shown, a first opening 243 can be provided in the first radome 24, where the first radome 24 includes a mounting groove 2411. In this embodiment, the second sealing structure 25 may be located between the peripheral sidewall of the second radome 15 and the sidewall 24111 of the mounting groove 2411 of the first radome 24. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the second sealing structure 25 may also be located between the wall panel of the second radome 15 facing the first radome 24 and the bottom wall of the mounting groove 2411 of the first radome 24. Or, as... Figure 24 As shown, a second opening can also be provided in the first radome 24 without including the mounting groove 2411. This application does not limit this. In this embodiment, the second sealing structure 25 may be located between the wall panel of the second radome 15 facing the first radome 24 and the wall panel of the first radome 24 facing the second radome 15.

[0167] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of a side structure of the antenna system in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 25 As shown, in some embodiments, the antenna radiating module 2 includes a first radome 24 and a protective frame 26, with the antenna radiator 23 located inside the first radome 24. The first radome 24 only covers the outside of the antenna radiator 23, while the protective frame 26 surrounds the periphery of the first feed radiator 22, and the protective frame 26 and the first radome 24 are fixedly connected. The end of the protective frame 26 away from the first radome 24 is connected to the second radome 15, that is, the protective frame 26 is connected between the first radome 24 and the second radome 15. This allows the first feed radiator 22 to be located within the space enclosed by the first radome 24, the second radome 15, and the protective frame 26. Specifically, the first radome 24 and the second radome 15 are located on both sides of the first feed radiator 22, while the protective frame 26 surrounds the periphery of the first feed radiator 22, thereby forming a protective space for the first feed radiator 22. In this design, the antenna radiator 23 and the first feed radiator 22 are located in different spaces, facilitating separate maintenance of each. The protective frame 26 has a relatively simple structure, making it easy to adjust its dimensions along the normal direction of the first feed radiator 22. This allows for a closer distance between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, improving signal transmission between them.

[0168] The material of the protective frame 26 in this embodiment can be selected from various options. For example, in some embodiments, the protective frame 26 can be a metal protective frame 26, such as an aluminum alloy or steel protective frame 26. When the protective frame 26 is made of metal, it can serve as a shielding structure, reducing signal leakage during the over-the-air connection process between the first feed radiator 22 and the second feed radiator 12, shielding interference signals, and effectively suppressing the passive intermodulation source of the excitation module 1, thus improving the performance of the antenna system. It can also be used to enhance the radiation characteristics of the side of the second feed radiator 12 facing the first feed radiator 22.

[0169] In some embodiments, the protective frame 26 may also be a non-metallic material, such as a plastic or carbon fiber material. In this embodiment, the protective frame 26 can be lightweight. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the protective frame 26 may be partially metallic and partially non-metallic, for example, by providing a metal layer on the surface of a non-metallic material plate, thereby reducing the weight of the protective frame 26 while maintaining its shielding performance.

[0170] A third sealing structure 27 can also be provided between the aforementioned protective frame 26 and the second radome 15, thereby improving the sealing effect between the protective frame 26 and the second radome 15, improving the waterproof and dustproof effect of the space enclosed by the first radome 24, the second radome 15 and the protective frame 26, and thus improving the structural reliability of the antenna system.

[0171] The aforementioned third sealing structure 27 can be a waterproof rubber ring, waterproof adhesive, or waterproof strip, etc. The aforementioned third sealing structure 27 can be an independent structure installed between the protective frame 26 and the second radome 15; alternatively, the third sealing structure 27 can be pre-installed on the second radome 15 before assembling the antenna radiating module 2 with the protective frame 26 and the second radome 15; alternatively, the third sealing structure 27 can be pre-installed on the side of the protective frame 26 facing the second radome 15 before assembling the antenna radiating module 2 with the protective frame 26 and the second radome 15.

[0172] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application. Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of an antenna system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 26 and Figure 27As shown, in some embodiments, the first radome 24 includes a second substrate 244 and a third housing 245. The third housing 245 and the second substrate 244 are fastened together to form the first radome 24, and the antenna radiator 23 is located within the space enclosed by the third housing 245 and the second substrate 244. The third housing 245 and the protective frame 26 are respectively disposed on both sides of the second substrate 244, that is, the protective frame 26 is fixed to the side of the second substrate 244 away from the third housing 245, and the side of the protective frame 26 away from the second substrate 244 is connected to the second radome 15. Thus, the second substrate 244, the protective frame 26, and the second radome 15 enclose a space for accommodating the first feed radiator 22.

[0173] The arrangement of the second substrate 244 in the above embodiments allows the second substrate 244 and the reflector in the antenna radiation module 2 to be an integral structure. For example, the second substrate 244 itself is the reflector in the antenna radiation module 2, or the reflector in the antenna radiation module 2 is fixedly disposed on the second substrate 244, such as by forming a metal layer on the surface of the second substrate 244 as a reflector.

[0174] like Figure 26 As shown, in some embodiments, the area of ​​the second substrate 244 can be the same as the area of ​​the opening of the third housing 245 toward the second substrate 244, that is, the second substrate 244 is just fastened to the third housing 245 to form a complete first radome 24, or in other words, the orthographic projection of the second substrate 244 on the plane where the first radiating surface is located can completely coincide with the orthographic projection of the opening of the third housing 245 toward the second substrate 244 on the plane where the first radiating surface is located.

[0175] like Figure 27 As shown, in some embodiments, the area of ​​the second substrate 244 can be made larger than the area of ​​the opening of the third housing 245 toward the second substrate 244, that is, the second substrate 244 extends part of the structure on the side relative to the third housing 245, or in other words, the orthographic projection of the opening of the third housing 245 toward the second substrate 244 onto the plane where the first radiation surface is located is completely located within the orthographic projection of the second substrate 244 onto the plane where the first radiation surface is located.

[0176] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna radiating module, characterized in that, It includes a reflector, a first feed radiator, and an antenna radiator. The first feed radiator and the antenna radiator are respectively disposed on both sides of the reflector and are electrically connected. The first feed radiator is used to transmit a feed signal between the excitation module and the antenna radiator.

2. The antenna radiating module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One of the first feed radiators is connected to at least two of the antenna radiators for transmitting a feed signal to the at least two connected antenna radiators.

3. The antenna radiating module as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first feed radiator is provided with a shielding structure on its periphery.

4. The antenna radiating module as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A shielding structure is provided around the periphery of one of the first feed radiators.

5. The antenna radiating module as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A shielding structure is provided around the periphery of each of the first feed radiators.

6. The antenna radiating module as described in any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The shielding structure is a shielding plate, which is located on the periphery of the first feed radiator and is electrically connected to the reflector.

7. The antenna radiating module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a first radome, and the first feed radiator and the antenna radiator are disposed inside the first radome; The first radome includes a back plate located on the side of the first feed radiator away from the antenna radiator. The side of the back plate away from the first feed radiator has a mounting groove for accommodating at least a portion of the excitation module.

8. The antenna radiating module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It also includes a first radome, in which the first feed radiator and the antenna radiator are disposed within the first radome; the first radome includes a first opening located on the side of the first feed radiator away from the antenna radiator.

9. The antenna radiating module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a first radome and a protective frame, with the antenna radiator located inside the first radome; the protective frame surrounds the periphery of the first feed radiator, and the protective frame and the first radome are fixedly connected.

10. The antenna radiating module as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The first radome includes a second substrate and a third housing, with the third housing and the protective frame disposed on opposite sides of the second substrate.

11. The antenna radiating module as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The second substrate and the reflector are an integral structure.

12. An antenna system, characterized in that, It includes an excitation module and an antenna radiating module as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The excitation module includes an excitation source and a second feed radiator. The second feed radiator is connected to the excitation source, and the first feed radiator and the second feed radiator are connected via an air interface for transmitting feed signals between the excitation source and the antenna radiator.

13. The antenna system as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that, The distance between the first feed radiator and the second feed radiator is less than or equal to 0.5λ, where λ is the center wavelength of the signal transmitted between the first feed radiator and the second feed radiator.

14. The antenna system as described in claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The first feed radiator includes a first radiating surface, and the second feed radiator includes a second radiating surface, with the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface being parallel.

15. The antenna system according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that, The electrical length of the first feed radiator is the same as that of the second feed radiator.

16. The antenna system according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that, The first feed radiator includes a first radiating surface, and the orthographic projection of the second feed radiator onto the first radiating surface at least partially coincides with the first feed radiator.

17. The antenna system according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that, The number of first feed radiators included in the antenna radiation module is greater than or equal to the number of second feed radiators included in the excitation module.

18. The antenna system according to any one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that, The antenna radiator, the first feed radiator, and the second feed radiator are all dual-polarized radiators, and one of the second feed radiators is connected to the two signal channels of the excitation source.

19. The antenna system according to any one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that, The excitation module includes multiple signal channels, and each signal channel is connected to n second feed radiators, where n≥2 and is a positive integer.

20. The antenna system as claimed in claim 19, characterized in that, Each of the at least n-1 second feed radiators is connected to the signal channel via a phase shifter.

21. The antenna system according to any one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that, The antenna radiating module further includes a first antenna radome, and the first feed radiator and the antenna radiator are disposed inside the first antenna radome; The first radome includes a back plate located on the side of the first feed radiator away from the antenna radiator. The side of the back plate away from the first feed radiator has a mounting groove, and at least a portion of the excitation module is accommodated in the mounting groove.

22. The antenna system according to any one of claims 12 to 21, characterized in that, The excitation module includes a second antenna radome, and the excitation source and the second feed radiator are located inside the second antenna radome. The second radome is a sealed radome; or, The antenna radiating module further includes a first antenna radome, and the first feed radiator and the antenna radiator are disposed inside the first antenna radome; the second antenna radome has a second opening on the side facing the antenna radiating module, and a first sealing structure is provided between the second antenna radome and the first antenna radome on the periphery of the second opening, and the first antenna radome and the first sealing structure cover the second opening.

23. The antenna system according to any one of claims 12 to 22, characterized in that, The excitation module includes a second antenna radome, which includes a first housing, a first substrate, and a second housing. The first housing and the second housing are respectively disposed on both sides of the first substrate. The excitation source is disposed between the first housing and the first substrate, and the second feed radiator is located between the second housing and the first substrate.

24. The antenna system according to any one of claims 12 to 23, characterized in that, The first feed radiator is surrounded by a shielding structure, and the second feed radiator is also located within the shielding space enclosed by the shielding structure.

25. The antenna system according to any one of claims 12 to 24, characterized in that, The antenna radiating module further includes a first radome, and the first feed radiator and the antenna radiator are disposed inside the first radome; the excitation module includes a second radome, and the excitation source and the second feed radiator are located inside the second radome; The first radome includes a first opening located on the side of the first feed radiator away from the antenna radiator. A second sealing structure is provided between the periphery of the first opening of the first radome and the second radome, and the second radome and the second sealing structure cover the first opening.

26. The antenna system according to any one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that, The antenna radiating module further includes a first radome and a protective frame. The antenna radiator is located inside the first radome. The protective frame surrounds the periphery of the first feed radiator, and the protective frame and the first radome are fixedly connected. The excitation module includes a second antenna radome, and the excitation source and the second feed radiator are located inside the second antenna radome. The end of the protective frame furthest from the first radome is connected to the second radome.

27. The antenna system as claimed in claim 26, characterized in that, The first radome includes a second substrate and a third housing, with the third housing and the protective frame disposed on opposite sides of the second substrate.

28. The antenna system as claimed in claim 27, characterized in that, The second substrate and the reflector are an integral structure.

29. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a baseband processing unit and an antenna system as described in any one of claims 12 to 27, wherein the baseband processing unit is connected to the antenna system.

30. A communication system, characterized in that, It includes core network equipment and the communication equipment as described in claim 29, wherein the communication equipment is communicatively connected to the core network equipment.

31. A signal transmission method for an antenna system, characterized in that, The antenna system is the antenna system according to any one of claims 12 to 27, and the signal transmission method includes: The signal is transmitted sequentially through the excitation source, the second feed radiator, and the first feed radiator to the antenna radiator; The antenna radiator transmits signals into the communication space; or, The antenna radiator receives signals from the communication space; The signal is transmitted to the excitation source sequentially through the antenna radiator, the first feed radiator, and the second feed radiator.

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