A high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal leading device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of signal transmission, and discloses a high-temperature and high-pressure-resistant multi-core integrated signal leading-out device, which comprises a main body, a plurality of plug pins, an insulating sleeve, a first sealing element, a second sealing element and a third sealing element, the number of channels and the diameter of the plug pins can be customized according to sensor channels and connector specifications. The main body comprises a mounting flange, an integrated signal penetrating section and a stepped sealing section; the insulating sleeve is a glass, ceramic or glass-ceramic high-temperature insulating sealing body, and is solidified between the main body and the plug pins through pressure sintering to form a metal-nonmetal airtight sealing joint. The second sealing element of the stepped sealing section is subjected to controlled gap deformation along an annular pressure guide surface under the action of internal pressure of a container and the constraint of the third sealing element, and provides radial holding constraint to an integrated insulating sealing interface through an annular coupling wall of the main body, so that the interface opening trend in high-temperature thermal cycles is offset.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of signal transmission technology, and in particular to a multi-core integrated signal output device resistant to high temperature and high pressure. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature and high-pressure vessels such as hot isostatic pressing equipment typically require the transmission of internal temperature, pressure, strain, or condition monitoring signals to an external control system during operation. Among existing signal transmission structures, a common approach is a split-type wire sealing scheme. This scheme usually consists of a cup holder, a cone plug, an insulating gasket, a temperature sensing lead or other signal line, a pull rod, and mounting fixtures. During installation, the wire needs to be passed through the fit gap between the cup holder and the cone plug. Then, hydraulic pressure, press fitting, or thread pre-tightening methods are used to force deformation of the wire or seal, forming a sealing interface between the metal shell and the wire.

[0003] The aforementioned split-type conductor sealing solution can achieve basic sealing under normal temperature or low-to-medium pressure conditions, but it is prone to several problems under high-temperature and high-pressure coupling conditions. First, the sealing effect of the conductor depends on the on-site installer's control over the amount of compression and deformation. Insufficient deformation will cause leakage, while excessive deformation may damage the conductor cross-section or insulation layer. Second, in multi-core weak signal scenarios, the different degrees of deformation under pressure on different conductors will lead to inconsistencies in the effective length, cross-sectional area, contact state, and insulation boundary of each channel, thus introducing error sources that are difficult to compensate for uniformly. Third, under high-temperature conditions, the thermal expansion mismatch between the main metal, insulation components, and conductors will cause gap changes at the original sealing interface, and under high pressure conditions, soft seals may also fail due to extrusion if they lack rigid support.

[0004] While existing general-purpose electrical penetration devices and some high-temperature and high-pressure signal connection devices can achieve multi-channel signal transitions or pressure vessel wall connections, their structures often focus on general electrical connections, experimental device connections, or multi-component serial transitions, neglecting consideration for the inheritance of existing interfaces in hot isostatic pressing equipment, consistency of multi-core temperature measurement, rapid field replacement, and coordinated external multi-stage sealing. Therefore, there is a need for a multi-core integrated signal lead-out device that is compatible with existing high-temperature and high-pressure vessel interfaces, can complete the internal sealing of multi-core signal channels during the manufacturing stage, and forms a stable external seal during high-temperature and high-pressure operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal lead-out device, so as to reduce the dependence on field pressing experience of traditional split wire sealing, improve the consistency of multi-core weak signal channels, and further enable the external high-pressure sealing structure and the internal insulation sealing interface to form a force synergy, thereby improving the airtightness, insulation and maintainability under high-temperature and high-pressure long-term operation conditions.

[0006] According to a first aspect of this application, a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal lead-out device is provided. The device includes a main body, multiple male pins, an insulating sleeve, a first seal, a second seal, and a third seal. The main body includes a mounting flange for fixed connection to an interface of a high-temperature and high-pressure vessel, an integrated signal penetration section connected to the mounting flange, and a stepped sealing section integrally connected to the integrated signal penetration section. Multiple male pins are axially disposed within the integrated signal penetration section, and the insulating sleeve is disposed between the male pins and the main body, forming an integrated insulating and sealing interface together with the main body and the male pins.

[0007] The stepped sealing section has a first step, a second step, and a third step along the direction away from the mounting flange. The first seal is located at the first step, the second seal is located at the second step, and the third seal is located at the third step. The second step includes an annular pressure-guiding surface facing the second seal, and the second seal is sandwiched between the annular pressure-guiding surface, the inner wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel interface, and the third seal.

[0008] When the internal pressure of the container acts on the effective pressure-bearing surface of the main body, the second seal undergoes controlled gap-filling deformation along the annular pressure-guiding surface under the axial restraint of the third seal, generating a radial compressive force towards the axis of the main body. The main body forms a continuous annular coupling wall between the second step and the integrated insulating seal interface, allowing this radial compressive force to be transmitted to the outer periphery of the integrated insulating seal interface, forming a radial clamping constraint on the sealing interface between the insulating sleeve and the main body.

[0009] Thus, the first seal undertakes the initial sealing during the pre-tightening stage, the second seal undertakes the compensation and filling of gaps and radial compression transmission during the pressurization stage, and the third seal undertakes the prevention of extrusion and axial limiting. The outer sealing structure is no longer only used to block the gap between the body and the container interface, but can also provide compression constraints on the internal insulation sealing interface during high-temperature thermal cycling to counteract the interface opening tendency caused by thermal expansion mismatch, thereby forming a synergistic effect of external seal self-gain and internal seal protection.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the mounting flange is provided with multiple connection holes for fasteners to pass through and fix the body to the water-cooled plate or pressure vessel interface of the hot isostatic pressing equipment; the external dimensions of the mounting flange, the position of the connection holes, and the axial installation direction of the body are matched with the existing signal lead-out interface.

[0011] In another possible implementation, multiple male pins form a multi-core rigid pin array, which can be a central plus circumferential array, a concentric circle array, a rectangular array, or a partitioned array. The number and diameter of the male pins are determined based on the number of signal channels, signal type, withstand voltage insulation spacing, and external connector specifications of the sensors inside the container. One end of each male pin is used for electrical connection with the sensors or internal connectors inside the container, and the other end is used for electrical connection with the external control cables, instruments, or control systems.

[0012] In another possible implementation, the insulating sleeve is a high-temperature insulating seal, which can be a glass seal, a ceramic seal, or a glass-ceramic seal. The high-temperature insulating seal is solidified under pressure sintering between the body and the male pin, forming a metal-non-metal hermetically sealed connection with both the body and the male pin. An annular sealing boundary is formed between the outer periphery of the high-temperature insulating seal and the body, and this annular sealing boundary is located within the radial constraint path of the annular coupling wall.

[0013] In another possible implementation, the annular pressure-guiding surface is a conical surface, an arc surface, or a polygonal transition surface; when the annular pressure-guiding surface is a conical surface, the angle between the annular pressure-guiding surface and the radial plane of the body is 5° to 25°. Within this angle range, the axial compression component can be converted into a radial compression component acting on the body while maintaining the controlled filling capacity of the second seal.

[0014] In another possible implementation, the body, male pin, and insulating sleeve are selected according to the material combination required for a metal-nonmetal hermetic seal, without being limited to using the same heat-resistant alloy for the body and male pin. The sealing area of ​​the body and male pin in contact with the insulating sleeve can be made of Kovar alloy, and the insulating sleeve can be made of glass or ceramic; the body can also be made of stainless steel, with the glass, ceramic, or glass-ceramic sintered and solidified under pressure to form a hermetic seal with the body and male pin. The outer circumferential surface of the body forms a thermally conductive contact surface, which is used to conform to the inner wall of the water-cooled plate, metal mounting base, or equipment mounting groove to reduce the temperature rise in the sealing section and connection area.

[0015] In another possible implementation, when the male connector is used to extract the thermocouple signal, the connection point between the male connector and the thermocouple conductor, compensating wire, or connector is located on the outside of the water-cooled plate, the outside of the equipment housing, or other low-temperature constant-temperature zone, so that the thermoelectric potential change introduced by the connection point is kept to a small fixed error; this fixed error can be eliminated by standard thermocouple calibration or by compensation from the control system.

[0016] In another possible implementation, when the male pin is used to extract strain signals, electrochemical signals, or other weak signals, the body is electrically connected to the device body and grounded to form a shielding structure; the non-metallic sintered surface of the insulating sleeve is located between adjacent male pins and between the male pin and the body to form insulation isolation and suppress insulation leakage and weak signal crosstalk.

[0017] According to a second aspect of this application, a high-temperature and high-pressure vessel signal lead-out assembly is provided, including a high-temperature and high-pressure vessel interface and the aforementioned high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal lead-out device. The inner wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel interface, together with the second step and the third seal, defines the controlled gap space of the second seal, so that the second seal both compensates for the interface gap and transmits the radial compressive force to the main body during the pressurization process.

[0018] According to a third aspect of this application, a method for installing and sealing a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal lead-out device is provided, comprising: during the manufacturing stage, configuring multiple male pins according to the required number of signal channels and pin diameters; assembling the main body, insulating sleeve, and multiple male pins; and solidifying the insulating sleeve between the main body and the male pins through pressure sintering to seal an integrated internally sealed signal transmission unit; during the field installation stage, setting a first sealing element, a second sealing element, and a third sealing element at the first step, the second step, and the third step, respectively; aligning the mounting flange with the high-temperature and high-pressure container interface and pre-tightening it with fasteners; and during the pressurization process of the container, controlling the filling of the gap along the annular pressure guiding surface with the second sealing element, and transmitting the radial compressive force to the outer periphery of the integrated insulating sealing interface through the annular coupling wall.

[0019] The present invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal lead-out device that integrates a factory-finished integrated inner sealing signal through unit, a mounting flange that can inherit the interface of old equipment, a three-level outer seal with pre-tightening sealing / compensation filling / anti-extrusion support, and an annular pressure guiding surface and an annular coupling wall into a force-coordinated structure. This structure can reduce on-site assembly fluctuations, improve the consistency of multi-core signals, and enhance the stability of the inner and outer sealing interfaces under long-term operation under high temperature and high pressure.

[0020] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a front perspective view of a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal output device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This illustration shows a three-dimensional rear view of a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal output device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This paper shows the overall structure and axial cross-sectional view of a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal extraction device provided in an embodiment of this application. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Main body; 2. Male pin; 3. Insulating sleeve; 4. First seal; 5. Second seal; 6. Third seal; 7. Anti-misfit key; 8. Connecting hole; 9. Stepped sealing section; 91. First step; 92. Second step; 93. Third step. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific implementation of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal lead-out device provided in this application embodiment includes a main body 1, multiple male pins 2, an insulating sleeve 3, a first sealing element 4, a second sealing element 5, a third sealing element 6, a mis-connection key 7, and a connecting hole 8. The main body 1 serves as the load-bearing skeleton of the device, bearing both the mechanical load of the interface connection with the high-temperature and high-pressure container and the internal signal penetration structure and external sealing structure.

[0024] The upper part of the main body 1 forms a mounting flange. The mounting flange can be a rounded square flange, a circular flange, an elliptical flange, or other flange structures that match the equipment interface. Multiple connection holes 8 are provided on the mounting flange for bolts or other fasteners to pass through, allowing the main body 1 to be fixed to the water-cooled plate of the hot isostatic pressing equipment, the end cover of the pressure vessel, or other vessel interfaces. For retrofitting existing equipment, the location of the connection holes 8 and the external dimensions of the mounting flange can be designed according to the interface dimensions of the original split-type signal lead-out device, so that the original interface does not require significant modification.

[0025] A single-piece signal penetration section is formed in the middle of the main body 1. Multiple male pins 2 are arranged through the main body 1 along its axial direction, forming a multi-core rigid pin array. Unlike traditional flexible wires, the male pins 2 maintain a relatively stable geometric length, cross-sectional area, and spatial position during assembly and operation, without forming a main seal through flattening, necking, or bending on-site. An insulating sleeve 3 is placed between the male pins 2 and the main body 1. The insulating sleeve 3 can cover or surround multiple male pins 2, forming an electrical insulation boundary between the male pins 2 and the main body 1.

[0026] During the manufacturing stage, the main body 1, insulating sleeve 3, and multiple male pins 2 can be formed into an integrated internally sealed signal penetration unit through pressure sintering. Specifically, glass, ceramic or glass-ceramic powder, pre-formed rings, or slurry can be arranged between the through hole of the main body 1 and the male pins 2. Axial or radial pressure is applied to this non-metallic material using tooling, and it is kept at the corresponding sintering or softening temperature, so that it densifies and solidifies under pressure and forms a metal-non-metal hermetically sealed connection with the main body 1 and the male pins 2. The insulating sleeve 3, after pressure sintering and solidification, can compensate for a certain thermal expansion difference through residual compressive stress and dense filling. This integrated internally sealed signal penetration unit has two functions: first, it keeps each male pin 2 electrically insulated when passing through the main body 1, avoiding short circuit between the signal channel and the main body 1; second, it prevents the medium from leaking along the gap between a single male pin 2 and the main body 1.

[0027] The lower part of the main body 1 forms a stepped sealing section. The stepped sealing section has a first step, a second step, and a third step sequentially along the direction away from the mounting flange. A first seal 4 is located at the first step, a second seal 5 at the second step, and a third seal 6 at the third step. After installation, the first seal 4, the second seal 5, and the third seal 6 are located between the main body 1 and the interface of the high-temperature, high-pressure vessel, together forming a layered external seal.

[0028] The second step differs from a simple straight groove used to place a sealing ring; it includes an annular pressure-guiding surface facing the second seal 5. The annular pressure-guiding surface can be a conical surface, an arc surface, or a zigzag transition surface; when it is a conical surface, the angle between the annular pressure-guiding surface and the radial plane of the body 1 can be from 5° to 25°. This angle range allows the second seal 5 to undergo controlled micro-deformation along the pressure-guiding surface when axially compressed, while preventing it from being squeezed outwards without restraint under high pressure.

[0029] The first sealing element 4 primarily serves as a pre-tightening initial seal. During on-site installation, the fasteners pass through the connection hole 8 and press the main body 1 against the equipment interface surface. The first sealing element 4 is compressed first, establishing contact stress. Thus, the device already possesses initial airtightness before the container is pressurized and can meet the sealing requirements during the equipment vacuuming or low-pressure leak detection phases.

[0030] The second seal 5 primarily functions as a high-pressure compensation filler and a radial compression transfer agent. When the internal pressure of the container acts on the effective pressure-bearing surface of the main body 1, the main body 1 further presses against the equipment interface surface, and the second seal 5 is constrained between the inner wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure container interface, the annular pressure-guiding surface, and the third seal 6. Due to this constraint, the second seal 5 is not simply flattened along the axial direction, but rather, while compensating for the minute gap between the main body 1 and the interface, it forms a radial compression component force towards the axis of the main body 1.

[0031] The main body 1 forms a continuous annular coupling wall between the second step and the integrated insulating seal interface. The annular coupling wall transmits the radial compressive force generated by the second seal 5 to the outer periphery of the annular sealing boundary between the insulating sleeve 3 and the main body 1. In this way, the external three-stage sealing structure not only seals the container interface, but also applies radial clamping constraint to the integrated inner sealing signal penetration unit during pressurization and thermal cycling, counteracting the interface opening tendency caused by the thermal expansion difference between the main body 1, the insulating sleeve 3, and the male pin 2.

[0032] The third seal 6 primarily serves as an anti-extrusion support and axial limiting component. The second seal 5, under high pressure, has the ability to compensate for gaps; however, without rigid boundary constraints, it may be extruded from the effective sealing area. The third seal 6 can be made of metal support rings, metal triangular gaskets, metal retaining rings, or other rigid anti-extrusion components to limit the axial displacement and deformation range of the second seal 5, ensuring that the second seal 5 remains within the effective sealing area corresponding to the annular pressure-conducting surface.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first sealing element 4 is an elastic sealing ring or a metal-coated elastic ring, the second sealing element 5 is a high-temperature resistant resin ring, a composite polymer ring, a polyetheretherketone ring, a polytetrafluoroethylene composite ring, or a soft metal gap-filling ring, and the third sealing element 6 is a metal support ring, a metal triangular gasket, a metal retaining ring, or a rigid anti-extrusion component. These three elements form a progressive relationship along the pressure build-up process: initially, the first sealing element 4 establishes the initial seal; during the pressurization process, the second sealing element 5 compensates for the gap and transmits the radial compressive force to the main body 1; and during the stable high-pressure stage, the third sealing element 6 constrains the second sealing element 5 and forms a high-pressure support.

[0034] This application also considers thermal expansion coordination under high-temperature conditions. The material selection for the main body 1, the male pin 2, and the insulating sleeve 3 is based on the overall matching of the metal-non-metal hermetically sealed joint, without requiring the main body 1 and the male pin 2 to necessarily be made of the same type of high-temperature resistant alloy. For example, the sealing area where the main body 1 and the male pin 2 contact the insulating sleeve 3 can be made of Kovar alloy, and the insulating sleeve 3 can be made of glass or ceramic, so that the linear expansion properties of the metal and non-metal are similar and easy to encapsulate; or, the main body 1 can be made of stainless steel, and the insulating sleeve 3 can be made of glass, ceramic, or glass-ceramic, and after being solidified by pressure sintering, it can be encapsulated with the stainless steel main body 1 and the male pin 2, so as to use the residual compressive stress generated by pressure solidification to compensate for a certain expansion difference. Through the above material combination and the radial clamping constraint transmitted by the annular coupling wall, the risk of cracking at the sealing interface can be reduced.

[0035] In one target operating condition, the device of this application is used for the interface of a high-temperature and high-pressure vessel where the pressure medium is an inert gas, which may be argon, nitrogen, or helium. The device can withstand a maximum target pressure of 300 MPa and a maximum target temperature of 200°C; the target temperature here refers to the temperature that the installation and sealing area where the device body 1, insulating sleeve 3, male pin 2, and first to third sealing elements 4 to 6 are located need to withstand.

[0036] The number and diameter of multiple male pins 2 can be customized according to usage requirements. When determining the number of male pins 2, it can be configured based on the number of channels for temperature, pressure, strain, electrochemical, or condition monitoring signals; when determining the diameter of male pins 2, it can comprehensively consider signal type, mechanical strength, plug-in connection specifications, withstand voltage insulation spacing between adjacent channels, and minimum wall thickness of insulation sleeve 3 after pressure sintering.

[0037] When the device of this application is used for thermocouple signal output, the connection point between the male pin 2 and the thermocouple conductor, compensating wire, or external connector is usually located on the outside of the water-cooled plate, the outside of the equipment housing, or other low-temperature constant-temperature zone. Because the temperature in this area is low and fluctuates little, the thermoelectric potential generated by different metal materials at the connection point has a small impact; for any remaining fixed temperature measurement error, it can be compensated for through standard thermocouple calibration, cold junction compensation, or control system correction.

[0038] When the device of this application is used to extract strain signals, electrochemical signals, or other weak signals, the main body 1 is metal-connected to the device body and grounded, so that the main body 1 forms a shielding structure on the outside of the multiple male pins 2. The glass, ceramic, or glass-ceramic sintered surface of the insulating sleeve 3 is a non-metallic insulating surface, located between adjacent male pins 2 and between male pins 2 and the main body 1, and does not form a conductive leakage path; through factory insulation resistance testing and withstand voltage testing, the insulation isolation performance between each channel and between each channel and the main body 1 can be confirmed, thereby suppressing weak signal crosstalk.

[0039] During the manufacturing stage, after the main body 1, insulating sleeve 3, and multiple male pins 2 form an integrated internal sealing signal penetration unit, airtightness, insulation resistance, and withstand voltage tests can be performed. During the structural design stage, the angle of the annular pressure-conducting surface, the compression amount of the second seal 5, and the limiting position of the third seal 6 can be determined based on the material hardness, working pressure, working temperature, and the interface dimensions of the high-temperature, high-pressure vessel. The determination of these parameters ensures that the deformation of the second seal 5 remains within the effective sealing area, without relying on an undefined force efficiency coefficient.

[0040] The use of a rigid pin array in this application also helps maintain the consistency of multi-core weak signals. The male pin 2 is a rigid straight pin structure, which does not rely on conductor plastic deformation to form a seal during installation. Therefore, the effective length, cross-sectional area and spatial position of each channel are more stable. Combined with the low-temperature constant temperature connection point, the grounding shield body 1 and the non-metallic sintered insulating surface of the insulating sleeve 3, it helps to improve the predictability, compensability and anti-crosstalk capability of thermocouple, strain, electrochemical, voltage or other weak signal channels.

[0041] In some embodiments, a thermally conductive contact surface is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the main body 1, and the thermally conductive contact surface is in contact with the inner wall of the water-cooled plate, the metal mounting base, or the equipment mounting groove. By increasing the contact area and reducing the contact thermal resistance, the heat of the main body 1 can be conducted to the water-cooled plate or the mounting base, reducing the temperature rise of the sealing section, thereby delaying the material aging of the first seal 4 and the second seal 5.

[0042] In some embodiments, the insertion area of ​​the main body 1 is provided with a mis-insertion prevention key 7. The mis-insertion prevention key 7 is used to cooperate with the keyway of the corresponding female connector, so that the male connector 2 and the female connector can only be inserted in one direction, thereby reducing the risk of mis-insertion, reverse insertion, or incorrect connection. For scenarios with mixed leads of multi-core thermocouples, pressure compensation, strain monitoring, or status switches, the mis-insertion prevention key 7 makes it easier for maintenance personnel to maintain the corresponding channel relationship on site.

[0043] In one embodiment for multi-zone temperature monitoring of a hot isostatic pressing (HIP) system, a signal lead-out device is installed at the water-cooled plate interface of the HIP system to lead the thermocouple signals from multiple zones within the hot zone to the external control console. The mounting flange of the main body 1 matches the original equipment interface. On-site personnel sequentially arrange the first seal 4, the second seal 5, and the third seal 6 on the stepped sealing section, and then tighten the main body 1 using the original interface bolts. The connection point between the male pin 2 and the thermocouple conductor or compensating wire is located in the low-temperature constant-temperature zone outside the water-cooled plate. The thermoelectric potential change caused by material differences at the connection point is small and can be corrected through standard thermocouple calibration or cold junction compensation. Since the main body 1, the insulating sleeve 3, and the male pin 2 have been integrated into an internally sealed signal penetration unit during the manufacturing stage, there is no need to handle the sealing relationship between each thermocouple wire and the metal shell on-site. The multiple male pins 2 maintain a stable geometric shape, which is beneficial for the consistent management of the multi-zone temperature channels.

[0044] In one embodiment for extracting mixed monitoring signals from an ultra-high pressure vessel, multiple male pins 2 can be divided into different functional groups. The central area is used for temperature signal channels, and the surrounding area is used for pressure, strain, electrochemical, or status switch signal channels. An insulating sleeve 3 forms a stable insulating boundary between the main body 1 and each male pin 2. After the main body 1 is connected to the equipment body and grounded, it can act as a shield, reducing the risk of weak signals such as strain and electrochemical signals being affected by external electromagnetic interference or crosstalk from adjacent channels. A three-stage external seal forms a high-pressure seal at the vessel interface. By concentrating different types of weak signals within the same main body 1, the number of vessel wall penetration interfaces can be reduced, and the maintenance target can be converged into a single standardized module.

[0045] In one embodiment of replacing and upgrading a traditional split-type signal output device, the mounting flange and connection hole 8 positions of the main body 1 are designed according to the original equipment interface dimensions, and the number and arrangement of the male pins 2 are configured according to the number of signal channels of the original equipment. During replacement, the original wire deformation sealing assembly is removed, the interface surface is cleaned, the entire device of this application is placed into the original interface and locked, and then the internal female connector and external control cable are connected. This embodiment transforms the original field-formed wire sealing into a combination of a factory-prefabricated internal seal and a field-level three-stage external seal, which helps to shorten maintenance time and reduce rework risks.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical concept of this application, equivalent substitutions or modifications can be made to the shape of the main body 1, the number of male pins 2, the diameter and arrangement of the male pins 2, the material of the insulating sleeve 3, the sealing material combination of the main body 1 and the male pins 2, the material combination of the first sealing element 4 to the third sealing element 6, and the connector form. All such equivalent substitutions or modifications should fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal output device, characterized in that, The device is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure container interfaces where the pressure medium is an inert gas; the device includes a main body, multiple male pins, an insulating sleeve, a first sealing element, a second sealing element, and a third sealing element; The main body includes a mounting flange for fixed connection with the interface of a high-temperature and high-pressure vessel, an integrated signal penetration section connected to the mounting flange, and a stepped sealing section integrally connected to the integrated signal penetration section. Multiple male pins are disposed through the integral signal penetration section along the axial direction of the main body. The insulating sleeve is disposed between the male pin and the main body, and together with the main body and the male pin, forms an integral insulating and sealing interface, so that the multiple male pins are electrically insulated and airtightly isolated from the main body when passing through the main body. The stepped sealing section has a first step, a second step, and a third step arranged in a graded manner along the direction away from the mounting flange. The first sealing element is disposed at the first step, the second sealing element is disposed at the second step, and the third sealing element is disposed at the third step. The second step includes an annular pressure guiding surface facing the second sealing element, and the third sealing element is located on the side of the second sealing element away from the first sealing element. The second seal is sandwiched between the annular pressure guiding surface, the inner wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure container interface, and the third seal. When the pressure inside the container acts on the effective pressure-bearing surface of the main body, the second seal undergoes controlled gap-filling deformation along the annular pressure guiding surface under the axial limitation of the third seal, and generates a radial compressive force toward the axis of the main body. The main body forms a continuous annular coupling wall between the second step and the integrated insulating sealing interface. The radial compressive force is transmitted through the annular coupling wall to the outer periphery of the integrated insulating sealing interface. This is used to apply radial clamping constraint to the sealing interface between the insulating sleeve and the main body under high temperature and high pressure conditions to counteract the interface opening tendency caused by thermal expansion mismatch. The first seal is used to form an initial seal, and the third seal is used to prevent the second seal from being squeezed out and to limit the axial range of the controlled gap deformation.

2. The high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal output device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting flange is provided with multiple connection holes for fasteners to pass through and fix the main body to the water cooling plate or pressure vessel interface of the hot isostatic pressing equipment; the external dimensions of the mounting flange, the position of the connection holes, and the axial installation direction of the main body are matched with the existing signal lead-out interface.

3. The high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal output device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple male pins constitute a multi-core rigid pin array, which can be a central plus circumferential array, a concentric circle array, a rectangular array, or a partitioned array. The number and diameter of the male pins are determined based on the number of signal channels, signal type, withstand voltage insulation spacing, and external connector specifications of the sensors inside the container. One end of each male pin is used for electrical connection with the sensors or internal connectors inside the container, and the other end is used for electrical connection with the external control cables, instruments, or control systems.

4. The high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal output device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating sleeve is a high-temperature insulating seal, which is a glass seal, a ceramic seal, or a glass-ceramic seal. The high-temperature insulating seal is solidified by pressure sintering between the main body and the male pin, forming a metal-non-metal hermetically sealed connection with the main body and the male pin. An annular sealing boundary is formed between the outer periphery of the high-temperature insulating seal and the main body, and the annular sealing boundary is located within the radial constraint path of the annular coupling wall.

5. The high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal output device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The materials of the body, the male pin, and the insulating sleeve are any of the following: the body and the male pin are made of Kovar alloy in the sealing area in contact with the insulating sleeve, and the insulating sleeve is made of glass or ceramic; or, the body is made of stainless steel, and the insulating sleeve is made of glass, ceramic, or glass-ceramic solidified under pressure and forms an hermetically sealed connection with the body and the male pin.

6. The high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal output device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sealing element is an elastic sealing ring or a metal-coated elastic ring; the second sealing element is a high-temperature resistant resin ring, a composite polymer ring, a polyetheretherketone ring, a polytetrafluoroethylene composite ring, or a soft metal gap-filling ring; and the third sealing element is a metal support ring, a metal triangular gasket, a metal retaining ring, or a hard anti-extrusion component.

7. The high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal output device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular pressure guiding surface is a conical surface, an arc surface, or a broken line transition surface; when the annular pressure guiding surface is a conical surface, the angle between the annular pressure guiding surface and the radial plane of the main body is 5° to 25°, so as to convert the axial compression component of the second seal into the radial compression component.

8. The high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal output device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer circumferential surface of the main body forms a thermally conductive contact surface, which is used to fit against the inner wall of the water-cooled plate, the metal mounting base, or the equipment mounting groove to conduct the heat of the main body to the water-cooled plate, the metal mounting base, or the equipment mounting groove.

9. A signal extraction component for a high-temperature, high-pressure vessel, characterized in that, The device includes a high-temperature and high-pressure vessel interface with an inert gas as the pressure medium and a multi-core integrated signal lead-out device resistant to high temperature and high pressure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; the main body is fixed to the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel interface via the mounting flange, the stepped sealing section extends into the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel interface, the inner wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel interface, together with the second step and the third sealing element, defines the controlled filling space of the second sealing element, and a plurality of male pins lead out the temperature, pressure, strain, electrochemical or condition monitoring signals inside the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel to an external control system.

10. A method for installing and sealing a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant multi-core integrated signal output device based on any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: During the manufacturing stage, multiple male pins are configured according to the required number of signal channels and pin diameter. The main body, the insulating sleeve, and the multiple male pins are assembled. The insulating sleeve is solidified between the main body and the male pins by pressure sintering to seal them into an integrated internally sealed signal penetration unit. The integrated internal sealing signal penetration unit was tested for air tightness, insulation resistance and withstand pressure to confirm that the device meets the usage requirements of inert gas as the pressure medium, withstand target pressure not exceeding 300MPa and withstand target temperature not exceeding 200℃. During the on-site installation phase, the first seal, the second seal, and the third seal are respectively placed at the first step, the second step, and the third step, and the second seal is positioned between the annular pressure guiding surface and the inner wall of the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel interface. Align the mounting flange with the high-temperature and high-pressure vessel interface and pre-tighten it with fasteners to form an initial seal with the first sealing element. During the pressurization process of the container, the internal pressure of the container is applied to the effective pressure-bearing surface of the main body, so that the second seal is controlled to fill the gap along the annular pressure-guiding surface under the axial limit of the third seal, and the radial compression component generated by the second seal is transmitted to the outer periphery of the integrated insulating sealing interface through the annular coupling wall.

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