Box-type substation, circuit breaker, energy storage system, and data center

Abstract

A box-type substation, circuit breaker, energy storage system and data center, relates to the technical field of switch. Multiple breaking units are arranged along the height direction of the circuit breaker, which can effectively reduce the size of the circuit breaker along its length direction, realize the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker, the operating mechanism and the multiple breaking units are arranged along the length direction of the circuit breaker, and the operating mechanism and the multiple breaking units occupy the space of the circuit breaker in the width direction as much as possible, which can reduce the size of the circuit breaker along its width direction, install more circuit breakers along the width direction of the circuit breaker on a single side of the low-voltage cabinet, realize large-capacity access, and improve the power density of the low-voltage cabinet. The axial direction of the output shaft in the operating mechanism extends along the width direction of the circuit breaker, which can shorten the size of the output shaft along the width direction of the circuit breaker, reduce the occupied space of the output shaft in the width direction of the circuit breaker, and effectively reduce the size of the circuit breaker along its width direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of switch technology, and in particular to a prefabricated substation, circuit breaker, energy storage system and data center. Background Technology

[0002] In electrical equipment with circuit breakers installed (such as prefabricated substations and energy storage devices), the circuit breakers installed inside the electrical equipment adopt a three-phase lateral (i.e., the width direction of the circuit breaker) distribution structure. This structure results in a large width of a single circuit breaker, which makes it difficult to effectively compress the width of the entire electrical equipment. The size of the circuit breaker limits the ability of the electrical equipment to achieve a higher density and more circuit layout in a limited space, becoming a bottleneck to increasing the capacity of the electrical equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a prefabricated substation, circuit breaker, energy storage system, and data center, which can arrange more circuit breakers side by side along the width direction of the circuit breaker on one side of the low-voltage cabinet, thereby increasing the power density of the low-voltage cabinet.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a prefabricated substation, comprising a low-voltage switchgear and a transformer. The low-voltage switchgear is equipped with a circuit breaker for connecting a photovoltaic inverter and the transformer. The circuit breaker includes an operating mechanism, a transmission component, and multiple breaking units, arranged along the length of the circuit breaker. The operating mechanism includes an output shaft extending axially along the width of the circuit breaker. The transmission component extends along the height of the circuit breaker and connects to the multiple breaking units, and is drively connected to the output shaft. The multiple breaking units are arranged along the height of the circuit breaker and housed within the low-voltage switchgear. Each breaking unit includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The moving contact is connected to the transmission component, and the stationary contact is located on the side of the transmission component facing away from the output shaft along the length of the circuit breaker. The transmission component can move under the drive of the output shaft and drive the moving contacts of the multiple breaking units to move, so that the moving contact contacts contact or separate from the corresponding stationary contact.

[0005] In the prefabricated substation of this application, multiple disconnection units are arranged along the height direction of the circuit breaker, which can effectively reduce the size of the circuit breaker along its length direction and realize the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker. On this basis, the operating mechanism and multiple disconnection units are arranged as a whole along the length direction of the circuit breaker, so as to avoid the operating mechanism and multiple disconnection units occupying the space of the circuit breaker in its width direction as much as possible, thus reducing the size of the circuit breaker in its width direction. In this way, more circuit breakers can be installed side by side along the width direction of the circuit breaker on one side of the low-voltage cabinet, realizing large-capacity access and improving the power density of the low-voltage cabinet.

[0006] In addition, the output shaft in the operating mechanism extends axially along the width direction of the circuit breaker. In order to ensure that the output shaft can stably transmit power to the transmission component perpendicular to the output shaft, the dimension of the output shaft along the width direction of the circuit breaker can be shortened. This can reduce the space occupied by the output shaft in the width direction of the circuit breaker, effectively reduce the size of the circuit breaker along its width direction, and the diameter of the output shaft can be increased to improve the torsional stiffness and bending stiffness of the output shaft.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the operating mechanism further includes an upper link, a lower link, and a frame. One end of the upper link is mounted to the frame, and the other end is connected to the lower link. One end of the output shaft is mounted to the frame, and the other end is connected to the lower link. The circuit breaker also includes a handle connected to the upper link. The handle is used to drive the upper link to move, which in turn drives the output shaft to move via the lower link.

[0008] The operator can apply force to the handle, causing it to move the upper and lower connecting rods relative to the frame, and thus the output shaft. This movement, via a transmission mechanism, drives the closing or opening of each disconnecting unit. Only the upper connecting rod and the output shaft are mounted on the frame. The lower connecting rod connects the upper connecting rod and the output shaft, eliminating the need for additional parts to separately fix the lower connecting rod. This reduces the number of parts used, allowing for a compact layout of the operating mechanism and facilitating the miniaturization of the circuit breaker.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the circuit breaker further includes a driving gear, a driven gear, a first transmission gear, and a second transmission gear. The driving gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft. The driven gear is fixedly connected to the transmission component. The first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are fixedly connected, with their axes coinciding. The axis of the first transmission gear, the axis of the driving gear, and the axis of the driven gear are perpendicular. The first transmission gear meshes with the driving gear, and the second transmission gear meshes with the driven gear. The output shaft drives the transmission component to move through the driving gear, the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear, and the driven gear.

[0010] It can be understood that the driving gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft, with its axis coinciding with the output shaft's axis. The axial direction of the driving gear is parallel to the axial direction of the output shaft, meaning both extend along the width direction of the circuit breaker. The driven gear is fixedly connected to the transmission component, with its axial direction parallel to the extension direction of the transmission component, meaning both extend along the height direction of the circuit breaker. The axes of the first and second transmission gears coincide, their axial directions are parallel, and the axis of the first transmission gear is perpendicular to both the axes of the driving and driven gears, meaning both extend along the length direction of the circuit breaker. With this configuration, as the output shaft rotates around its axis, driving the driving gear, the driving gear simultaneously drives the first and second transmission gears to rotate. The second transmission gear then drives the driven gear it meshes with to rotate, thereby driving the transmission component extending along the height direction of the circuit breaker to rotate. This causes multiple moving contacts connected to the transmission component to rotate simultaneously, achieving contact and separation with their corresponding stationary contacts.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, each breaking unit further includes input terminals and output terminals. One end of the input terminal is connected to the moving contact, and the other end is used to connect to the photovoltaic inverter. One end of the output terminal is connected to the stationary contact, and the other end is connected to the transformer. The other ends of the multiple input terminals are located on one side of the circuit breaker along its height direction, and the other ends of the multiple output terminals are located on the other side of the circuit breaker along its height direction.

[0012] The other end of the input terminal and the other end of the output terminal are located on opposite sides of the disconnecting unit along the height direction of the circuit breaker, which can save the amount of branch copper busbars in the low-voltage cabinet and reduce the manufacturing cost of the box-type substation.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the circuit breaker further includes a housing and an arc-collecting device. The housing houses the operating mechanism, transmission components, and multiple disconnecting units. The arc-collecting device is mounted on the exterior sidewall of the housing along the length of the circuit breaker, away from the operating mechanism. The arc-collecting device has an arc-extinguishing channel that connects the interior of the housing to the interior of the low-voltage switchgear.

[0014] Typically, along the length of the circuit breaker, the operating mechanism is closer to the operating surface of the low-voltage switchgear than the multiple breaking units. The operating surface is used by operators for maintenance and operation of the circuit breaker and other components. The arc-collecting device is located on the side wall of the casing away from the operating mechanism. In this configuration, the arc-extinguishing channel is located on the same side of the casing away from the operating mechanism. When an arc is generated during the breaking process of the multiple breaking units within the casing, the high-temperature gas produced during arc extinguishing can be concentrated and further cooled within the arc-extinguishing channel. The gas is then directionally discharged into the low-voltage switchgear through the arc-extinguishing channel, reducing the impact on other components within the switchgear. Furthermore, the high-temperature gas cooled by the arc-extinguishing channel can be directly ejected from the side of the casing away from the operating mechanism into the low-voltage switchgear, effectively improving the safety performance of the low-voltage switchgear.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the arc extinguishing channel has an arc-spraying port that connects the arc extinguishing channel and the interior of the low-voltage cabinet, and the arc-spraying port is located on the side of the arc extinguishing channel away from the housing in the length direction of the circuit breaker.

[0016] The arc-extinguishing nozzle is directly set on the side of the arc-extinguishing channel away from the casing along the length of the circuit breaker. This allows the high-temperature gas discharged from the arc-extinguishing nozzle to be ejected from the side away from the operating mechanism and the operating surface and the operator into the low-voltage cabinet. This effectively improves the safety performance of the low-voltage cabinet.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the arc collecting device further includes a sealant covering the arc nozzle, which can be ruptured by gas within the arc extinguishing channel, thereby allowing the arc extinguishing channel to connect to the interior of the low-voltage cabinet through the arc nozzle.

[0018] The sealant effectively covers the arc-extinguishing nozzle when the circuit breaker is in the closed state, preventing moisture and dust from entering the housing through the nozzle and arc-extinguishing channel, thus ensuring the insulation performance of each breaking unit. Furthermore, when the high-temperature gas generated during the breaking process enters the arc-extinguishing channel, the impact force of the gas can force open the sealant at the nozzle, allowing the gas to escape normally into the low-voltage cabinet and relieve pressure on the circuit breaker. The thickness of the sealant can be adjusted to achieve both effective sealing and easy opening.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the arc collecting device further includes multiple filters spaced apart within the arc extinguishing channel.

[0020] Multiple filters are installed within the arc-extinguishing channel. When high-temperature gas passes through the mesh of the filters, it encounters resistance, effectively reducing its flow velocity within the channel and thus cooling it down. Furthermore, the multiple filters layer by layer remove particulate matter trapped in the high-temperature gas, reducing the particulate matter content ejected from the arc nozzle and ensuring the insulation performance of the low-voltage switchgear.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the housing is provided with multiple arc-extinguishing chambers, the number of arc-extinguishing chambers being equal to the number of multiple breaking units. The gases in the multiple arc-extinguishing chambers are not interconnected. Each arc-extinguishing chamber houses the moving contact and stationary contact of the corresponding breaking unit. Each arc-extinguishing chamber is provided with an exhaust port, which is located between the arc-extinguishing chamber and the arc-extinguishing channel along the length of the circuit breaker, and the exhaust port connects the arc-extinguishing chamber and the arc-extinguishing channel.

[0022] In other words, the high-temperature gas generated during the arc extinguishing process in one arc extinguishing chamber will not enter other arc extinguishing chambers. Multiple independent arc extinguishing chambers are set up inside the casing, each corresponding to the moving and stationary contacts of a breaking unit. In this way, the arc generated during the breaking process of the breaking unit can be extinguished within its own arc extinguishing chamber, reducing the possibility of arc flash or arc propagation. This facilitates achieving zero arc flash and zero propagation, reducing the risk of short circuits between different breaking units caused by arc flash, and effectively preventing cross-arcs between breaking units in different arc extinguishing chambers. Furthermore, the high-temperature gas generated in each arc extinguishing chamber can enter the arc extinguishing channel through its respective exhaust port for further cooling within the arc extinguishing channel.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, at least one filter screen is provided in the arc-extinguishing channel located between two adjacent exhaust holes.

[0024] With this configuration, the high-temperature gas entering the arc-extinguishing channel from the downstream exhaust port is less likely to flow back to the upstream exhaust port due to the obstruction of the filter and upstream gas, thus reducing the risk of arcing between different breaking units.

[0025] Secondly, this application provides a circuit breaker including an operating mechanism, a transmission member, and multiple breaking units. The operating mechanism and the multiple breaking units are arranged along the length direction of the circuit breaker. The operating mechanism includes an output shaft, which extends axially along the width direction of the circuit breaker. The transmission member extends along the height direction of the circuit breaker and connects to the multiple breaking units, and is drively connected to the output shaft. The multiple breaking units are arranged along the height direction of the circuit breaker. Each breaking unit includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The moving contact is connected to the transmission member, and the stationary contact is located on the side of the transmission member facing away from the output shaft along the length direction of the circuit breaker. The transmission member can move under the drive of the output shaft and drive the moving contacts of the multiple breaking units to move, so that the moving contact contacts contact or separate from the corresponding stationary contact.

[0026] Thirdly, this application provides an energy storage system, which includes an energy storage device, the energy storage device being equipped with a battery module and a circuit breaker as provided in the second aspect, the circuit breaker being used to connect the input terminal of the energy storage device and the battery module, and / or, the circuit breaker being used to connect the output terminal of the energy storage device and the battery module.

[0027] In the energy storage system of this application, the circuit breaker provided in the second aspect of this application is used, which allows more circuit breakers to be installed side by side along the width direction of the circuit breaker on a single side of the energy storage device, thereby achieving large-capacity access and improving the power density of the energy storage device.

[0028] Fourthly, this application provides a data center including an uninterruptible power supply, an AC feeder cabinet, and a row-head cabinet, wherein the AC feeder cabinet is equipped with a circuit breaker as provided in the second aspect, and the circuit breaker is electrically connected between the uninterruptible power supply and the row-head cabinet.

[0029] In the data center of this application, by using the circuit breaker provided in the second aspect of this application, more circuit breakers can be installed side by side on one side of the AC feeder cabinet along the width direction of the circuit breaker, thereby achieving high-capacity access and improving the power density of the AC feeder cabinet. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a photovoltaic system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A simplified diagram of a prefabricated substation provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This application provides a schematic diagram of the architecture of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a data center architecture provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a low-voltage switchgear and circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a circuit breaker provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an operating mechanism, transmission component and multiple moving contacts in a circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the plan view of the circuit breaker. Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the circuit breaker along line IX-IX. Figure 10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a circuit breaker provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 11 A simplified structural diagram of a circuit breaker in the closed state, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 A simplified structural diagram of a circuit breaker in the tripped state, provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 13 A simplified structural diagram of a circuit breaker in the open state, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 14 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a circuit breaker from one perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 15 for Figure 14 The diagram shows the exploded structure of a circuit breaker from one perspective. Figure 16 for Figure 14 The diagram shows the exploded structure of the circuit breaker from another perspective. Figure 17 A schematic diagram illustrating the connection between a circuit breaker and a busbar in a low-voltage cabinet according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 18 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a circuit breaker from another perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 19 This is an exploded view of a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 20 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an arc collecting device and housing provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: X - Length direction of circuit breaker; Y - Width direction of circuit breaker; Z - Height direction of circuit breaker; 10 - Enclosure; 20 - Low-voltage switchgear; 30 - Transformer; 40 - Circuit breaker; 41 - Operating mechanism; 411 - Output shaft; 412 - Linkage assembly; 42 - Transmission component; 43 - Disconnection unit; 431 - Moving contact; 432 - Stationary contact; 433 - Trip unit; 434 - Trip lever; 4341 - Traction lever; 436 - Input terminal; 4361 - First connection part; 4362 - Second connection part; 4363 - First bend part; 437 - Output terminal; 4371 - Third connection part; 4372 - Fourth connection part; 4373 - Second bend part; 438 - Arc extinguishing grid; 4381 - Notch; 44 - Hand Handle; 45-Gear assembly; 451-Driving gear; 452-Driven gear; 453-First transmission gear; 454-Second transmission gear; 455-Connecting shaft; 46-Housing; 461-Upper housing; 462-Lower housing; 463-Arc extinguishing chamber; 464-Exhaust port; 47-Arc collecting device; 471-Arc extinguishing channel; 472-Arc spray nozzle; 473-Sealant; 474-Filter screen; 100-Photovoltaic module; 200-Photovoltaic inverter; 300-Box substation; 400-Energy storage converter; 500-Step-up substation; 600-Power grid; 700-Energy storage system; 701-Energy storage device; 702-Battery module; 800-Uninterruptible power supply; 900-AC feeder cabinet; 1000-Chain cabinet. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a photovoltaic system provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic system includes photovoltaic modules 100, photovoltaic inverters 200, box-type substations 300, energy storage converters 400, booster stations 500, power grids 600, and energy storage systems 700.

[0035] Photovoltaic module 100 converts solar energy into direct current (DC) through the photovoltaic effect. Photovoltaic inverter 200 converts the DC output of photovoltaic inverter 100 into alternating current (AC), and further transmits the AC to the corresponding prefabricated substation 300. Prefabricated substation 300 converts the low-voltage AC output of photovoltaic inverter 200 into medium-voltage AC, and further transmits the AC to step-up substation 500, power grid 600, or the prefabricated substation 300 corresponding to energy storage system 700. Energy storage system 700 is used to store unstable electrical energy from photovoltaic module 100. Energy storage system 700 includes an energy storage device, and the DC power from the energy storage device is converted into AC power by energy storage converter 400. Energy storage converter 400 is also used to convert AC power from the prefabricated substation 300 corresponding to energy storage system 700 into DC power to charge energy storage system 700.

[0036] Among them, the 300 prefabricated substation integrates medium and low voltage complete sets of equipment and transformers into a prefabricated and assembled box with a specific appearance. After being transported to the site, it can be directly connected and used, and has the advantages of convenient installation, flexible layout, short construction period, and easy relocation.

[0037] The prefabricated substation 300 is equipped with a circuit breaker 40. In the prefabricated substation 300 corresponding to the photovoltaic inverter 200, the circuit breaker 40 is installed in the circuit connecting the photovoltaic inverter 200 and the step-up substation 500. The circuit breaker 40 can disconnect the electrical connection between the photovoltaic inverter 200 and the step-up substation 500. Similarly, in the prefabricated substation 300 corresponding to the energy storage converter 400, the circuit breaker 40 is installed in the circuit connecting the energy storage converter 400 and the step-up substation 500. The circuit breaker 40 can also disconnect the electrical connection between the energy storage converter 400 and the step-up substation 500.

[0038] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of a prefabricated substation 300 provided in one embodiment of this application. The prefabricated substation 300 includes a low-voltage switchgear 20 and a transformer 30, both of which can be housed within a enclosure 10. The enclosure 10 effectively prevents external rainwater and dust from entering, providing a safe and stable operating environment for the low-voltage switchgear 20 and the transformer 30.

[0039] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an energy storage system 700 provided in one embodiment of this application. The energy storage system 700 includes an energy storage device 701, which includes a battery module 702 and a circuit breaker 40. When the energy storage device 701 is a battery pack, the battery module 702 is a battery module composed of multiple batteries; when the energy storage device 701 is an energy storage cabinet, the battery module 702 is a battery cluster composed of multiple battery packs. The circuit breaker 40 is connected in the series circuit of the battery module 702.

[0040] In one embodiment, the energy storage device includes an input terminal and an output terminal. The input terminal can be used to receive direct current (DC) power from a photovoltaic system, and the output terminal can be used to supply DC power to a load. A circuit breaker 40 can be disposed between the input terminal and the battery module 702, and the circuit breaker 40 can connect or disconnect the electrical connection between the energy storage device 701 and the photovoltaic system. Alternatively, the circuit breaker 40 can be disposed between the battery module 702 and the output terminal, and the circuit breaker 40 can connect or disconnect the electrical connection between the energy storage device 701 and the load.

[0041] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a data center architecture provided in one embodiment of this application. The data center includes an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) 800, an AC feeder cabinet 900, and a power supply unit 1000. The AC input terminal of the UPS 800 can be connected to the power grid 600, and the DC input terminal of the UPS 800 can be connected to an energy storage device 701. The output terminal of the UPS 800 is connected to the load via the AC feeder cabinet 900 and the power supply unit 1000. Under normal power grid conditions, the UPS 800 delivers AC power from the power grid 600 to the load. Under abnormal power grid conditions, the UPS 800 converts the DC power output from the energy storage device 701 into AC power and delivers it to the load. Thus, the UPS 800 can provide a stable and reliable AC power supply to the load, achieving uninterrupted power supply.

[0042] The AC feeder cabinet 900 is equipped with a circuit breaker 40, which is electrically connected between the uninterruptible power supply 800 and the head unit 1000. For example, one end of the circuit breaker 40 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the uninterruptible power supply 800. The head unit 1000 is equipped with a circuit breaker, which can be a miniature circuit breaker or a molded case circuit breaker. The other end of the circuit breaker 40 in the AC feeder cabinet 900 is connected to the circuit breaker in the head unit 1000.

[0043] In other embodiments, the circuit breaker 40 can also be applied to compact power distribution rooms in industrial parks, secondary power distribution on offshore wind power platforms, and electric vehicle charging piles / supercharging stations. In compact power distribution rooms, using the circuit breaker 40 provided in this application allows for a more compact layout of the circuit breaker 40 within the low-voltage switchgear, reducing the floor space of the power distribution room or accommodating more feeder circuits within the same space, thereby increasing the power density of the power distribution room. In offshore platforms where space is available, using the circuit breaker 40 provided in this application allows for the layout of more circuit breakers 40, increasing the overall power density of the platform. High-power charging stations require dense power distribution to support more charging terminals. The low-voltage cabinet equipped with the circuit breaker 40 of this application can serve as the power distribution center of the charging station, efficiently managing power from the electrical system and distributing it to each charging pile, contributing to the miniaturization and high power output of the low-voltage cabinet.

[0044] This application uses a prefabricated substation 300 as an example to illustrate the application of circuit breaker 40.

[0045] With the increasing demands for energy storage power density and cost-effectiveness, the main competition in the prefabricated substation market lies in how to continuously increase its capacity within the limited space of the enclosure. This requires minimizing the space occupied by auxiliary equipment such as low-voltage switchgear inside the prefabricated substation, leaving more space for the transformer, thereby increasing the transformer's energy density and reducing overall production costs.

[0046] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a low-voltage switchgear 20 and a circuit breaker 40 provided in one embodiment of this application. The low-voltage switchgear 20 is equipped with a circuit breaker 40, which connects a photovoltaic inverter and a transformer 30. Alternatively, the circuit breaker 40 can also connect an energy storage converter and a transformer 30. The circuit breaker 40 is used to connect or disconnect the circuit in which it is located. For example, under normal power-on conditions, the circuit breaker 40 connects the photovoltaic inverter and the transformer 30, allowing the AC power output from the photovoltaic inverter to be transmitted to the transformer 30 via the circuit breaker 40, whereby the transformer 30 converts the low-voltage AC power output from the photovoltaic inverter into medium-voltage AC power. Furthermore, for example, when a short circuit occurs in the circuit in which the circuit breaker 40 is located, the circuit breaker 40 is in the open state, disconnecting the photovoltaic inverter from the transformer 30 and preventing the short-circuit current from damaging the photovoltaic inverter and the transformer 30, etc.

[0047] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a circuit breaker 40 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an operating mechanism 41, a transmission member 42, and multiple moving contacts 431 in a circuit breaker 40 according to an embodiment of this application. The circuit breaker 40 includes an operating mechanism 41, a transmission member 42, and multiple breaking units 43. The operating mechanism 41 and the multiple breaking units 43 are arranged along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40. The operating mechanism 41 includes an output shaft 411, which extends axially along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40. The output shaft 411 is connected to the transmission member 42. The operating mechanism 41 can drive the output shaft 411 to rotate under the action of an external force, and drive the transmission member 42 to move through the output shaft 411, thereby driving the multiple breaking units 43 to close or open. For example, the circuit breaker 40 also includes a handle 44, which is connected to the operating mechanism 41 and protrudes from the low-voltage cabinet. The operating mechanism 41, the transmission member 42, and the multiple breaking units 43 are all located inside the low-voltage cabinet. In practical applications, the operator can apply a pushing force to the handle 44, which drives the output shaft 411 in the operating mechanism 41 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission component 42 to move, so as to drive multiple disconnection units 43 to close or open.

[0048] A transmission member 42 extends along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40 and connects to multiple breaking units 43. The multiple breaking units 43 are arranged along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40 and housed within a low-voltage cabinet. Each breaking unit 43 includes a moving contact 431 and a stationary contact 432. The moving contact 431 is connected to the transmission member 42. The stationary contact 432 is located on the side of the transmission member 42 facing away from the output shaft 411 along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40. The transmission member 42 extends along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40 and connects to the moving contacts 431 of the multiple breaking units 43. The transmission member 42 can move under the drive of the output shaft 411, causing the moving contacts 431 of the multiple breaking units 43 to move, so that the moving contacts 431 contact or separate from the corresponding stationary contacts 432. It is understood that when the moving contacts 431 of multiple disconnecting units 43 are in contact with the corresponding stationary contacts 432, the circuit breaker 40 is in the closed state, connecting the photovoltaic inverter and the transformer. When the moving contacts 431 of multiple disconnecting units 43 are separated from the corresponding stationary contacts 432, the circuit breaker 40 is in the open state, thereby disconnecting the photovoltaic inverter from the transformer.

[0049] The stationary contact 432 is located on one side of the corresponding moving contact 431 along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40. During the process of switching the circuit breaker 40 from the open state to the closed state, the moving contact 431 rotates under the drive of the transmission member 42. The moving contact 431 rotates toward the corresponding stationary contact 432 in a plane perpendicular to the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40, thereby contacting the corresponding stationary contact 432 and realizing the closing of the circuit breaker 40.

[0050] In the prefabricated substation of this application, multiple disconnection units 43 are arranged along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40, which can effectively reduce the size of the circuit breaker 40 along its length direction X, realizing the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker 40. On this basis, the operating mechanism 41 and multiple disconnection units 43 are arranged as a whole along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40, so as to avoid the operating mechanism 41 and multiple disconnection units 43 occupying the space of the circuit breaker 40 in its width direction Y, reducing the size of the circuit breaker 40 in its width direction Y. In this way, more circuit breakers 40 can be installed side by side on one side of the low-voltage cabinet along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40, realizing large-capacity access and improving the power density of the low-voltage cabinet. Compared to the traditional circuit breaker which uses a three-phase lateral distribution (i.e., multiple breaking units 43 are distributed along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40), the width of the circuit breaker 40 in this application is reduced by 50%, which increases the number of circuit breakers 40 installed in the low-voltage cabinet in the horizontal direction (in the same direction as the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40) by 50%, thereby increasing the power density of the low-voltage cabinet by more than 60%, thus improving the overall capacity of the prefabricated substation. The design of the circuit breaker 40 in the prefabricated substation significantly improves the power output of a single prefabricated substation and reduces the land occupation and unit capacity cost of the prefabricated substation.

[0051] In addition, the axial direction of the output shaft 411 in the operating mechanism 41 extends along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40. In order to ensure that the output shaft 411 can stably transmit power to the transmission member 42 perpendicular to the output shaft 411, the dimension of the output shaft 411 along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40 can be shortened. This can reduce the space occupied by the output shaft 411 in the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40, effectively reduce the dimension of the circuit breaker 40 along its width direction Y, and the diameter of the output shaft 411 can be increased to improve the torsional stiffness and bending stiffness of the output shaft 411.

[0052] The operating mechanism 41 also includes a linkage assembly 412, which is connected to the handle 44. When the operator applies force to the handle 44, the handle 44 can drive the linkage assembly 412 to move, and through the linkage assembly 412, drive the transmission component 42 to move, thereby driving multiple moving contacts 431 to move, thus realizing the opening and closing of the circuit breaker 40.

[0053] Please see Figure 7The circuit breaker 40 also includes a gear assembly 45 for connecting the output shaft 411 and the transmission component 42. For example, the gear assembly 45 includes a driving gear 451, a driven gear 452, a first transmission gear 453, and a second transmission gear 454. The driving gear 451 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 411. For instance, the driving gear 451 is located at the end of the output shaft 411 along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40. Both can be integrally formed to reduce connection steps and ensure the synchronization and reliability of the driving gear 451 and the output shaft 411. In other embodiments, the driving gear 451 and the output shaft 411 can be connected together by welding or snap-fitting. The axis of the driving gear 451 coincides with the axis of the output shaft 411, and the axial direction of the driving gear 451 is parallel to the axial direction of the output shaft 411; that is, both axial directions extend along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40.

[0054] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a plan view of circuit breaker 40. Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the circuit breaker 40 along line IX-IX. The driven gear 452 is fixedly connected to the transmission member 42, and is sleeved on the transmission member 42. The driven gear 452 and the transmission member 42 can be integrally formed to reduce connection steps and ensure the synchronization and reliability of the driven gear 452 and the transmission member 42. In other embodiments, the driven gear 452 and the transmission member 42 can be connected together by welding or snap-fitting. The axial direction of the driven gear 452 is parallel to the extension direction of the transmission member 42; that is, the axial direction of the driven gear 452 and the extension direction of the transmission member 42 are both in the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40.

[0055] The first transmission gear 453 and the second transmission gear 454 are connected and fixed, and are coaxially arranged. The axes of the first transmission gear 453 and the second transmission gear 454 coincide, and their axial directions are parallel. The coincidence of their axes ensures the synchronicity of their transmission. The first transmission gear 453 and the second transmission gear 454 can be arranged opposite each other along the length X of the circuit breaker 40 and can be connected and fixed via a connecting shaft 455. When the first transmission gear 453 rotates, it drives the second transmission gear 454 to rotate synchronously through the connecting shaft 455. The axis of the first transmission gear 453 is perpendicular to the axis of the driving gear 451 and the axis of the driven gear 452; that is, the axial directions of the first transmission gear 453 and the second transmission gear 454 both extend along the length X of the circuit breaker 40. The first transmission gear 453 meshes with the driving gear 451, and the second transmission gear 454 meshes with the driven gear 452. The output shaft 411 drives the transmission component 42 to move through the driving gear 451, the first transmission gear 453, the second transmission gear 454, and the driven gear 452. Among them, the first transmission gear 453, the second transmission gear 454, the driving gear 451, and the driven gear 452 are all bevel gears.

[0056] With this configuration, the output shaft 411 rotates along its axial direction and drives the drive gear 451 to rotate. At the same time, the drive gear 451 drives the first transmission gear 453 and the second transmission gear 454 to rotate simultaneously. The second transmission gear 454 drives the driven gear 452 that meshes with it to rotate, thereby driving the transmission component 42 that extends along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40 to rotate, so that multiple moving contacts 431 connected to the transmission component 42 rotate simultaneously, realizing contact and separation with the corresponding stationary contacts 432.

[0057] Along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40, the first transmission gear 453, the second transmission gear 454, and the connecting shaft 455 connecting the two are all located between the output shaft 411 and the transmission member 42. The first transmission gear 453 is positioned towards the output shaft 411, and the second transmission gear 454 is positioned towards the transmission member 42.

[0058] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a circuit breaker 40 provided in one embodiment of this application. Each breaking unit 43 also includes a trip unit 433, which is located on the side of the transmission member 42 facing away from the stationary contact 432 in the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40. Simultaneously, the trip unit 433 is also located on the side of the first transmission gear 453 and the second transmission gear 454 in the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40. The arrangement of the trip unit 433 does not obstruct the rotation of the first transmission gear 453 and the second transmission gear 454. The trip units 433 of multiple breaking units 43 are connected by a trip rod 434, which extends along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40. The trip rod 434 is coupled to the operating mechanism 41 through a traction rod 4341. The trip rod 434 can rotate and drive the traction rod 4341 to engage or unlock with the operating mechanism 41, realizing overcurrent protection for multiple breaking units 43 and improving the synchronization of tripping of multiple breaking units 43.

[0059] The transmission component 42 can be a rotating shaft. When the operator applies force through the handle 44, the handle 44 transmits power to the transmission component 42 through the linkage assembly 412 via the driving gear 451, the first transmission gear 453, the second transmission gear 454, and the driven gear 452, and drives the transmission component 42 to rotate. For example, when the transmission component 42 rotates counterclockwise, the transmission component 42 drives the moving contact 431 to rotate at a certain angle, so that the moving contact 431 contacts the corresponding stationary contact 432, thereby closing the circuit breaker 40. When the operator applies a reverse force through the handle 44, the handle 44 transmits power to the transmission component 42 via the linkage assembly 412 through the driving gear 451, the first transmission gear 453, the second transmission gear 454, and the driven gear 452. This causes the transmission component 42 to rotate in the opposite direction. For example, when the transmission component 42 rotates clockwise, it causes the moving contact 431 to rotate by a certain angle, separating the moving contact 431 from the corresponding stationary contact 432, thus closing the circuit breaker 40. When a fault short-circuit with a large current occurs in the circuit containing the circuit breaker 40, the large current in the circuit releases the linkage assembly 412 of the operating system through the trip unit 433. This linkage assembly 412 then drives the transmission component 42 to rotate, causing the moving contact 431 to rotate, separating the moving contact 431 from the corresponding stationary contact 432, thus opening the circuit breaker 40. The trip unit 433 can be an electromagnetic trip unit. When a fault short-circuit current occurs in the circuit where the circuit breaker 40 is located, the large current in the circuit activates the electromagnetic armature, thereby driving the trip lever 434 to drive the operating mechanism 41 to trip. This, in turn, causes the moving contact 431 to separate from the corresponding stationary contact 432 via the transmission component 42. Alternatively, the trip unit 433 can be a thermal trip unit. When a fault short-circuit current occurs in the circuit where the circuit breaker 40 is located, the large current in the circuit causes the bimetallic strip to bend due to heat. This causes the trip lever 434 to drive the operating mechanism 41 to trip, resulting in the transmission component 42 causing the moving contact 431 to separate from the corresponding stationary contact 432.

[0060] The following is combined with Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 The closing, opening, and tripping processes of circuit breaker 40 are illustrated with examples. Figure 11 This is a simplified structural diagram of a circuit breaker 40 in the closed state, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 This is a simplified structural diagram of a circuit breaker 40 in a tripped state, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 13 This is a simplified structural diagram of a circuit breaker 40 in an open state, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13In the diagram, points O, f, D, and M are fixed hinge points, while points A, B, C, and R are movable hinge points. Point H is the position for tripping. Fd represents the tripping force to achieve tripping. GH represents the contour surface of the tripping p. OA represents the output shaft 411, MH represents the locking element, RN represents the reset lever of the handle 44, T represents the handle 44, BC represents the upper linkage, and AB represents the lower linkage. When the circuit breaker 40 is in the closed or open state, the frame in the linkage assembly 412 is OC; when the circuit breaker 40 is in the tripped state, the frame in the linkage assembly 412 is OD.

[0061] For example, one end of the upper connecting rod BC is mounted on the frame OC (OD), and the other end of the upper connecting rod BC is connected to the lower connecting rod AB. One end of the output shaft 411 is mounted on the frame OC (OD), and the other end of the output shaft 411 is connected to the lower connecting rod AB. The handle 44 is used to drive the upper connecting rod BC to move, which in turn drives the output shaft 411 to move via the lower connecting rod AB. The operator can apply force to the handle 44, causing the handle 44 to move the upper connecting rod BC and the lower connecting rod AB relative to the frame OC (OD), and to move the output shaft 411, thereby driving each disconnecting unit 43 to close or open via the transmission component 42. Only the upper connecting rod BC and the output shaft 411 are mounted on the frame OC (OD), and the lower connecting rod AB connects the upper connecting rod BC and the output shaft 411 mounted on the frame OC (OD). There is no need to set up additional parts to fix the lower connecting rod AB separately, reducing the use of parts and achieving a compact layout of the operating mechanism 41, which is beneficial for the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker 40.

[0062] The closing process of circuit breaker 40: The trip latch P is locked by the locking element MH. At this time, point C of the upper connecting rod BC can be regarded as a fixed hinge point. The upper connecting rod BC, the lower connecting rod AB, the output shaft 411 and the frame OC form a four-bar linkage (i.e., the linkage assembly 412). In this case, the operator turns the handle 44 counterclockwise around point f. The spring BR drives the upper connecting rod BC to rotate clockwise around point C. The upper connecting rod BC drives the lower connecting rod AB to move, and the lower connecting rod AB drives the output shaft 411 to rotate counterclockwise around point O. The output shaft 411 drives the transmission component 42 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the moving contact 431 to rotate a certain angle through the transmission component 42, so that the moving contact 431 contacts the corresponding stationary contact 432, realizing the closing of circuit breaker 40.

[0063] The tripping process of circuit breaker 40: When circuit breaker 40 is in the closed state, if a fault short-circuit large current occurs in the circuit where circuit breaker 40 is located, trip unit 433 ( Figure 10As shown, the trip lever 434 and the traction lever 4341 move. The traction lever 4341 unlocks the locking element MH and further unlocks the jump buckle P. The jump buckle P rotates counterclockwise around point D and drives the linkage assembly 412 to move. At this time, point D is the fixed hinge point and point C is the movable hinge point. The linkage assembly 412 includes the upper linkage BC, the lower linkage AB, the output shaft 411 and the frame OD. The output shaft 411 rotates clockwise, thereby driving the transmission component 42 to rotate clockwise. The transmission component 42 drives the moving contact 431 to rotate a certain angle, so that the moving contact 431 separates from the corresponding stationary contact 432. At this time, the handle 44 returns to the initial state, and the N point of the reset lever RN of the handle 44 is tangent to the contour surface GH of the jump buckle P.

[0064] The tripping process of circuit breaker 40: The trip lever P is locked by the locking element MH. At this time, point C of the upper connecting rod BC can be regarded as a fixed hinge point. The upper connecting rod BC, the lower connecting rod AB, the output shaft 411, and the frame OC form a four-bar linkage (i.e., the linkage assembly 412). In this case, the operator turns the handle 44 clockwise around point f. The spring BR drives the upper connecting rod BC to rotate counterclockwise around point C. The upper connecting rod BC drives the lower connecting rod AB to move. The lower connecting rod AB drives the output shaft 411 to rotate clockwise around point O. The output shaft 411 drives the transmission component 42 to rotate clockwise. Thus, the transmission component 42 drives the moving contact 431 to rotate a certain angle, so that the moving contact 431 separates from the corresponding stationary contact 432, realizing the tripping of circuit breaker 40.

[0065] In summary, circuit breaker 40 can switch between the closed and open states. When a large fault current occurs in the circuit containing circuit breaker 40, circuit breaker 40 switches from the closed state to the tripped state. When the operator rotates handle 44 clockwise around point f, the reset rod RN of handle 44 pushes the contour surface GH of trip p, causing trip p to rotate clockwise to the open state, thus switching circuit breaker 40 from the tripped state to the open state.

[0066] Please see Figure 14 and Figure 15 , Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a circuit breaker 40 from one perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 15 for Figure 14 The diagram shows an exploded view of the circuit breaker 40. The circuit breaker 40 also includes a housing 46, which encloses an operating mechanism 41, a transmission component 42, and multiple disconnecting units 43. The housing 46 may include an upper housing 461 and a lower housing 462, which are connected and fixed by a multi-riveting structure, giving the housing 46 enhanced explosion-proof performance and heat dissipation capabilities.

[0067] Each disconnecting unit 43 also includes an input terminal 436 and an output terminal 437. One end of the input terminal 436 is connected to the moving contact 431, and the other end of the input terminal 436 is used to connect to the photovoltaic inverter. One end of the output terminal 437 is connected to the stationary contact 432, and the other end of the output terminal 437 is connected to the transformer.

[0068] Specifically, one end of the input terminal 436 is located inside the housing 46. This end can be connected to the moving contact 431 via a trip unit 433. For example, the bimetallic strip of the trip unit 433 and the moving contact 431 are connected by a flexible wire, and one end of the input terminal 436 is directly connected to the bimetallic strip of the trip unit 433. The other end of the input terminal 436 extends out of the housing 46 along the height Z direction of the circuit breaker 40 to facilitate connection to the photovoltaic inverter via the busbar inside the low-voltage switchgear.

[0069] Please combine them together Figure 16 , Figure 16 for Figure 14 The diagram shows an exploded view of the circuit breaker 40 from another perspective. One end of the output terminal 437 is located inside the housing 46. This end is positioned opposite the stationary contact 432 in the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40. One end of the output terminal 437 can be directly fixed to the stationary contact 432, reducing intermediate wiring and saving costs. The other end of the output terminal 437 extends out of the housing 46 along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40 to facilitate connection to the busbar inside the low-voltage switchgear. This busbar connects to the transformer. The busbar connecting the output terminal 437 is different from the busbar connecting the input terminal 436.

[0070] In summary, the housing 46 fully accommodates the moving contact 431 and the stationary contact 432 of the disconnecting unit 43, and partially accommodates the input terminal 436 and the output terminal 437 of the disconnecting unit 43.

[0071] like Figure 14 As shown, in the same breaking unit 43, the other end of the output terminal 437 and the other end of the corresponding input terminal 436 are arranged opposite each other in the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40. The other ends of the input terminal 436 and the output terminal 437 can be located on the same straight line in the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40. When the circuit breaker 40 is in the closed state, the shortest internal current path can be achieved from the input terminal 436 to the output terminal 437, reducing the internal heat generation of the breaking unit 43. Furthermore, this facilitates efficient use of space in the breaking unit 43, achieving a compact structural layout, thereby contributing to the miniaturization design of the circuit breaker 40.

[0072] Please combine Figure 14 and Figure 17 , Figure 17This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the circuit breaker 40 and the busbar inside the low-voltage cabinet 20 according to an embodiment of this application. In this application, the other ends of the multiple input terminals 436 are located on one side of the circuit breaker 40 along its height direction Z, and the other ends of the multiple output terminals 437 are located on the other side of the circuit breaker 40 along its height direction Z. That is to say, the other ends of the input terminals 436 of the multiple disconnecting units 43 are all located on the same side of the housing 46 along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40 (such as below the housing 46), and the multiple input terminals 436 are arranged at intervals along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40. The busbar inside the low-voltage cabinet 20 can extend along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40 to below the other ends of the multiple input terminals 436. That is, the busbar is arranged in a straight line, saving the amount of branch copper busbars inside the low-voltage cabinet 20 and reducing manufacturing costs. The other ends of the output terminals 437 of the multiple disconnecting units 43 are all located on the same side of the housing 46 along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40 (such as above the housing 46), and the other ends of the multiple output terminals 437 are arranged at intervals along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40. The busbar in the low-voltage cabinet 20 can extend along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40 to above the other ends of the multiple output terminals 437. That is, the busbar is arranged in a straight line, which saves the amount of branch copper busbars in the low-voltage cabinet 20 and reduces the manufacturing cost.

[0073] Please see Figure 14 In one embodiment, the other end of the input terminal 436 can be led out from the lower housing 462 and partially exposed on the side of the lower housing 462 opposite to the upper housing 461. The input terminal 436 exposed outside the lower housing 462 is connected and fixed to the lower housing 462, which plays a fixing role for this part of the input terminal 436, ensuring the stability of the connection between the input terminal 436 and the busbar. In addition, the input terminal 436 exposed outside the lower housing 462 can directly exchange heat with the air in the low-voltage cabinet, improving the heat dissipation capacity of the input terminal 436.

[0074] The other end of the output terminal 437 can be led out from the upper shell 461 and partially exposed on the side of the upper shell 461 opposite to the lower shell 462. The output terminal 437 exposed outside the upper shell 461 is connected and fixed to the upper shell 461, which plays a fixing role in this part of the output terminal 437, ensuring the stability of the connection between the output terminal 437 and the busbar. In addition, the output terminal 437 exposed outside the upper shell 461 can directly exchange heat with the air in the low-voltage cabinet, improving the heat dissipation capacity of the output terminal 437.

[0075] Please see Figure 14 and Figure 15The input terminal 436 includes a first connecting portion 4361, a second connecting portion 4362, and a first bending portion 4363. The first connecting portion 4361 is housed within the housing 46 and is fixedly connected to the trip unit 433. The second connecting portion 4362 protrudes outside the housing 46 (e.g., protruding from the side of the lower housing 462 facing away from the upper housing 461). Thus, the second connecting portion 4362 directly exchanges heat with the air inside the low-voltage cabinet, achieving natural cooling of the input terminal 436. One end of the second connecting portion 4362 is connected to the first bending portion 4363, thereby connecting to the first connecting portion 4361 through the first bending portion 4363. The other end of the second connecting portion 4362 (i.e., the other end of the input terminal 436) is used to connect to the busbar, thereby connecting to the photovoltaic inverter through the busbar.

[0076] like Figure 15 As shown, for example, the first connection part 4361 has a flat plate structure. The first connection part 4361 can be connected to the trip unit 433 as a whole. Since the trip units 433 of the multiple disconnection units 43 are arranged along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40, the first connection part 4361 of the multiple input terminals 436 can be arranged along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40. Since the other ends of the multiple input terminals 436 are arranged along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40, and the other ends of the multiple input terminals 436 and the other ends of the multiple output terminals 437 are arranged opposite each other along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40, in the disconnecting unit 43 closest to the bottom of the housing 46 (the bottom of the housing 46 is the side of the circuit breaker 40 facing away from the other end of the output terminal 437 in the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40), the second connecting portion 4362 of its input terminal 436 can extend straight out beyond the edge of the lower housing 462 along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40; in other disconnecting units 43, the second connecting portion 4362 of the corresponding input terminal 436 is bent, for example, the orthographic projection of the second connecting portion 4362 along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40 is "L" shaped, so that the other ends of the second connecting portions 4362 of the multiple disconnecting units 43 are arranged at intervals along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40, and it is convenient to connect the corresponding second connecting portion 4362 through the corresponding first bending portion 4363.

[0077] Please see Figure 16 and Figure 18 , Figure 18This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the circuit breaker 40 from another perspective, according to an embodiment of this application. The output terminal 437 includes a third connecting portion 4371, a fourth connecting portion 4372, and a second bending portion 4373. The third connecting portion 4371 is housed within the housing 46 and is fixedly connected to the stationary contact 432. The fourth connecting portion 4372 protrudes outside the housing 46 (e.g., protruding from the side of the upper housing 461 facing away from the lower housing 462). The fourth connecting portion 4372 directly exchanges heat with the air inside the low-voltage cabinet, achieving natural cooling of the output terminal 437. One end of the fourth connecting portion 4372 is connected to the second bending portion 4373, thereby connecting to the third connecting portion 4371 via the second bending portion 4373. The other end of the fourth connecting portion 4372 (i.e., the other end of the output terminal 437) is used to connect to the busbar, thereby connecting to the transformer via the busbar.

[0078] like Figure 16 As shown, for example, the third connection part 4371 has a flat plate structure. The third connection part 4371 can be connected to the trip unit 433 as a whole. Since the stationary contacts 432 of the multiple disconnection units 43 are arranged along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40, the third connection part 4371 of the multiple output terminals 437 can be arranged along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40. Since the other ends of the multiple output terminals 437 are arranged along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40, and the other ends of the multiple output terminals 437 and the other ends of the multiple input terminals 436 are arranged opposite each other along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40, in the disconnecting unit 43 closest to the top of the housing 46 (the top of the housing 46 is the side of the circuit breaker 40 facing away from the other end of the input terminal 436 in the height direction Z), the fourth connecting portion 4372 of its output terminal 437 can extend straight out beyond the edge of the upper housing 461 along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40; in other disconnecting units 43, the fourth connecting portion 4372 of the corresponding output terminal 437 is bent, for example, the orthographic projection of the fourth connecting portion 4372 along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40 is "L" shaped, so that the other ends of the fourth connecting portions 4372 of the multiple disconnecting units 43 are arranged at intervals along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40, and it is convenient to connect the corresponding third connecting portion 4371 through the corresponding second bending portion 4373.

[0079] Please see Figure 19 , Figure 19This is an exploded structural diagram of a circuit breaker 40 provided in an embodiment of this application. Each breaking unit 43 also includes a plurality of arc-extinguishing grid plates 438. In one breaking unit 43, the plurality of arc-extinguishing grid plates 438 are disposed on the side of the transmission member 42 facing the stationary contact 432 along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40. The plurality of arc-extinguishing grid plates 438 are arranged at intervals along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40. The plurality of arc-extinguishing grid plates 438 are generally disposed opposite to part of the stationary contact 432 along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40. The arc generated during the breaking process of the moving contact 431 and the corresponding stationary contact 432 can be extinguished by passing through the plurality of arc-extinguishing grid plates 438 sequentially along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40, so that the arc extinguishing path is the longest, the arc is divided into multiple broken arc segments, and finally extinguished.

[0080] The arc-extinguishing grid plate 438 has a notch 4381, which is located on the side of the arc-extinguishing grid plate 438 facing the moving contact 431 in the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40. The notches 4381 of multiple arc-extinguishing grid plates 438 together form a channel, in which a portion of the moving contact 431 can extend into the channel and move along the width direction Y of the circuit breaker 40 under the drive of the transmission member 42. When the moving contact 431 and the stationary contact 432 generate an arc during the breaking process, the arc can be quickly led to the multiple arc-extinguishing grid plates 438, cut into multiple short arcs by the multiple arc-extinguishing grid plates 438 and fully cooled, thereby improving the arc-extinguishing effect.

[0081] The housing 46 is provided with multiple arc-extinguishing chambers 463, the number of which is equal to the number of breaking units 43. The gases in the multiple arc-extinguishing chambers 463 are not interconnected. Each arc-extinguishing chamber 463 houses the moving contact 431 and stationary contact 432 of the corresponding breaking unit 43, and also houses multiple corresponding arc-extinguishing grid plates 438. That is to say, the high-temperature gas generated during the arc-extinguishing process in one arc-extinguishing chamber 463 will not enter other arc-extinguishing chambers 463. The housing 46 is provided with multiple independent arc-extinguishing chambers 463, each of which corresponds to the moving contact 431 and stationary contact 432 of a breaking unit 43. In this way, the arc generated during the breaking process of the breaking unit 43 can be extinguished in its own arc-extinguishing chamber 463, reducing the possibility of arc flash or arc propagation. This is conducive to achieving zero arc flash and zero propagation, reducing the risk of short circuits between different breaking units 43 caused by arc flash, and effectively preventing arc crosstalk between breaking units 43 in different arc-extinguishing chambers 463. In addition, the high-temperature gas generated in each arc-extinguishing chamber 463 can enter the arc-extinguishing channel 471 through its respective exhaust port 464, where it is further cooled.

[0082] Each arc-extinguishing chamber 463 is provided with an exhaust port 464, which is located on the side wall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 463 away from the operating mechanism 41 along the length X of the circuit breaker 40. The exhaust port 464 connects the corresponding arc-extinguishing chamber 463 to the interior of the low-voltage cabinet. Typically, along the length X of the circuit breaker 40, the operating mechanism 41 is closer to the operating surface of the low-voltage cabinet than the multiple disconnecting units 43. The operating surface is used by operators to maintain or operate the circuit breaker 40 and other devices. By placing the exhaust port 464 on the side wall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 463 away from the operating mechanism 41 along the length X of the circuit breaker 40, the high-temperature gas generated in each arc-extinguishing chamber 463 can be discharged through its respective exhaust port 464 to the side of the housing 46 away from the operating mechanism 41. The high-temperature gas is then ejected into the low-voltage cabinet from the side away from the operator, which can effectively improve the safety performance of the low-voltage cabinet.

[0083] Please combine them together Figure 20 , Figure 20 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the arc collecting device 47 and the housing 46 provided in an embodiment of this application. The circuit breaker 40 also includes the arc collecting device 47, which is disposed on the side wall of the housing 46 on the side away from the operating mechanism 41 in the length X direction of the circuit breaker 40. That is, the arc collecting device 47 is located on the side of the exhaust port 464 away from the multiple arc-extinguishing chambers 463 in the length X direction of the circuit breaker 40. The arc collecting device 47 has an arc-extinguishing channel 471, which connects the interior of the housing 46 and the interior of the low-voltage cabinet. The arc-extinguishing channel 471 is located on the side of the housing 46 away from the operating mechanism 41. When an arc is generated during the breaking process of the multiple breaking units 43 in the housing 46, the high-temperature gas generated during the arc extinguishing process can be concentrated into the arc-extinguishing channel 471, further cooled in the arc-extinguishing channel 471, and then directionally discharged into the low-voltage cabinet through the arc-extinguishing channel 471, reducing the impact on other components in the low-voltage cabinet. Furthermore, the high-temperature gas cooled by the arc-extinguishing channel 471 can be directly ejected from the side of the housing 46 away from the operating mechanism 41 into the low-voltage cabinet, which can effectively improve the safety performance of the low-voltage cabinet.

[0084] Specifically, the arc-extinguishing channel 471 is connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber 463 through the exhaust port 464, so that the high-temperature gas generated in each arc-extinguishing chamber 463 can enter the arc-extinguishing channel 471 through the corresponding exhaust port 464 for further cooling, reducing the risk of arcing between different breaking units 43, and is directionally discharged into the low-voltage cabinet through the unified arc-extinguishing channel 471.

[0085] To ensure the airtightness between the arc collecting device 47 and the vent 464, a sealing ring can be installed at the connection between the vent 464 and the arc collecting device 47 to reduce the possibility of air leakage from the connection between the vent 464 and the arc collecting device 47.

[0086] The arc extinguishing channel 471 has an arc-spraying port 472, which connects the arc extinguishing channel 471 and the interior of the low-voltage cabinet. The arc-spraying port 472 is located on the side of the arc extinguishing channel 471 away from the housing 46 along the length X of the circuit breaker 40. The arc-spraying port 472 is directly set on the side of the arc extinguishing channel 471 away from the housing 46 along the length X of the circuit breaker 40, so that the high-temperature gas discharged from the arc-spraying port 472 is far away from the operating mechanism 41 and is sprayed into the low-voltage cabinet from the side away from the operating surface and the operator. This can effectively improve the safety performance of the low-voltage cabinet.

[0087] The arc nozzle 472 is located on the side of the arc extinguishing channel 471 away from the housing 46 in the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40. Compared with the arc nozzle 472 being located on the side of the arc extinguishing channel 471 along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40, the input terminal 436 and the output terminal 437 can be led out from opposite sides of the housing 46 along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40. In this way, the busbar connecting the input terminal 436 can extend along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40 to the bottom of the input terminal 436. The branch copper busbar does not need to go around to the side of the multiple disconnecting units 43 away from the operating mechanism 41 to connect to the busbar. In addition, the busbar connecting the output terminal 437 can also extend along the length direction X of the circuit breaker 40 to the top of the output terminal 437. The branch copper busbar does not need to go around to the side of the multiple disconnecting units 43 away from the operating mechanism 41 to connect to the busbar, shortening the size of the branch copper busbar, thereby saving the amount of branch copper busbar in the low voltage cabinet.

[0088] like Figure 20 As shown, for example, the arc collecting device 47 also includes sealant 473, which covers the arc nozzle 472. The sealant 473 can be broken by the gas in the arc extinguishing channel 471, so that the arc extinguishing channel 471 can connect to the interior of the low-voltage cabinet through the arc nozzle 472. The sealant 473 has a layered structure, sealing and covering the arc nozzle 472. When the circuit breaker 40 is in the closed state, due to the obstruction of the sealant 473, the interior of the low-voltage cabinet and the arc extinguishing channel 471 are not interconnected. Gas in the low-voltage cabinet cannot enter the arc extinguishing channel 471 through the arc nozzle 472, and similarly, gas in the arc extinguishing channel 471 cannot enter the low-voltage cabinet through the arc nozzle 472. This effectively prevents humid gas, dust, etc., from entering the interior of the housing 46 through the arc nozzle 472 and the arc extinguishing channel 471, ensuring the insulation performance of each disconnecting unit 43. Furthermore, when the high-temperature gas generated during the disconnection process of each disconnecting unit 43 enters the arc-extinguishing channel 471, the impact force of the high-temperature gas can break open the sealant 473 at the arc-ejection port 472, allowing the high-temperature gas in the arc-extinguishing channel 471 to be normally ejected into the low-voltage cabinet, thereby relieving pressure on the circuit breaker 40. The thickness of the sealant 473 can be adjusted to both conceal it and make it easier to break open.

[0089] The arc collecting device 47 also includes multiple filters 474, which are spaced apart within the arc extinguishing channel 471. By installing multiple filters 474 within the arc extinguishing channel 471, the high-temperature gas encounters resistance as it passes through the mesh of the filters 474, effectively reducing its flow velocity within the arc extinguishing channel 471 and achieving cooling. Furthermore, the multiple filters 474 can filter out particulate matter entrained in the high-temperature gas layer by layer, reducing the particulate matter content ejected from the arc nozzle 472 and ensuring the insulation performance within the low-voltage switchgear.

[0090] Since each arc-extinguishing chamber 463 is equipped with an exhaust port 464, the arrangement direction of the multiple arc-extinguishing chambers 463 is the same as the arrangement direction of the multiple breaking units 43. That is, the multiple arc-extinguishing chambers 463 are arranged along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40, and the multiple exhaust ports 464 are also arranged at intervals along the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40. In order to reduce or avoid the occurrence of backflow of airflow in the arc-extinguishing channel 471, at least one filter screen 474 is provided in the arc-extinguishing channel 471 located between two adjacent exhaust ports 464 in the height direction Z of the circuit breaker 40. In this way, under the obstruction of the filter screen 474 and the upstream gas, the high-temperature gas entering the arc-extinguishing channel 471 from the exhaust port 464 located downstream is not likely to backflow to the exhaust port 464 located upstream, reducing the risk of arcing between different breaking units 43. The airflow direction of the high-temperature gas discharged from the arc-extinguishing chamber 463 through the arc-extinguishing channel 471 is as follows: Figure 20 As shown by the hollow arrow in the diagram. Furthermore, in the gas flow direction, at least one filter screen 474 is also provided at the arc-extinguishing channel 471 between the exhaust port 464 closest to the arc-extinguishing port 472 and the arc-extinguishing channel 472. In this way, high-temperature air entering the arc-extinguishing channel 471 from the exhaust port 464 closest to the arc-extinguishing port 472 can be filtered and cooled by the filter screen 474 downstream of the filter port, thereby reducing the particulate matter content ejected from the arc-extinguishing chamber 463 connected to the exhaust port 464 into the low-pressure cabinet.

[0091] In other embodiments, a one-way filter valve can be provided in the arc extinguishing channel 471 to prevent gas from flowing back into other disconnecting units 43 and causing arcing.

[0092] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A prefabricated substation, characterized in that, It includes a low-voltage switchgear and a transformer, wherein the low-voltage switchgear is equipped with a circuit breaker for connecting the photovoltaic inverter and the transformer; The circuit breaker includes an operating mechanism, a transmission component, and multiple breaking units. The operating mechanism and the multiple breaking units are arranged along the length of the circuit breaker. The operating mechanism includes an output shaft, the axial direction of which extends along the width of the circuit breaker. The transmission component extends along the height of the circuit breaker and connects to the multiple breaking units. The transmission component is drively connected to the output shaft. The multiple breaking units are arranged along the height of the circuit breaker and housed within the low-voltage cabinet. Each breaking unit includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The moving contact is connected to the transmission component. The stationary contact is located on the side of the transmission component facing away from the output shaft along the length of the circuit breaker. The transmission component can move under the drive of the output shaft and drive the moving contact of the multiple breaking units to move, so that the moving contact contacts or separates from the corresponding stationary contact.

2. The prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating mechanism further includes an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, and a frame. One end of the upper connecting rod is mounted on the frame, and the other end of the upper connecting rod is connected to the lower connecting rod. One end of the output shaft is mounted on the frame, and the other end of the output shaft is connected to the lower connecting rod. The circuit breaker also includes a handle, which is connected to the upper connecting rod. The handle is used to drive the upper connecting rod to move and, through the lower connecting rod, drive the output shaft to move.

3. The prefabricated substation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The circuit breaker further includes a driving gear, a driven gear, a first transmission gear, and a second transmission gear. The driving gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft, and the driven gear is fixedly connected to the transmission component. The first transmission gear and the second gear are fixedly connected, with their axes coinciding. The axes of the first transmission gear, the driving gear, and the driven gear are perpendicular. The first transmission gear meshes with the driving gear, and the second transmission gear meshes with the driven gear. The output shaft drives the transmission component to move through the driving gear, the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear, and the driven gear.

4. The prefabricated substation according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Each of the circuit breaker units further includes an input terminal and an output terminal. One end of the input terminal is connected to the moving contact, and the other end of the input terminal is used to connect to the photovoltaic inverter. One end of the output terminal is connected to the stationary contact, and the other end of the output terminal is connected to the transformer. The other ends of the plurality of input terminals are located on one side of the circuit breaker along the height direction of the circuit breaker, and the other ends of the plurality of output terminals are located on the other side of the circuit breaker along the height direction of the circuit breaker.

5. The prefabricated substation according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The circuit breaker also includes a housing and an arc collecting device. The housing houses the operating mechanism, the transmission component, and the plurality of disconnecting units. The arc collecting device is installed on the side wall of the housing away from the operating mechanism along the length of the circuit breaker. The arc collecting device has an arc extinguishing channel that connects the interior of the housing and the interior of the low-voltage switchgear.

6. The prefabricated substation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The arc extinguishing channel has an arc spraying port, which connects the arc extinguishing channel and the interior of the low-voltage cabinet. The arc spraying port is located on the side of the arc extinguishing channel away from the housing in the length direction of the circuit breaker.

7. The prefabricated substation according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The arc collecting device also includes a sealant that covers the arc nozzle. The sealant can be broken by the gas in the arc extinguishing channel so that the arc extinguishing channel can connect to the interior of the low-voltage cabinet through the arc nozzle.

8. The prefabricated substation according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The arc collecting device also includes multiple filter screens, which are spaced apart within the arc extinguishing channel.

9. The prefabricated substation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The housing is provided with multiple arc-extinguishing chambers, the number of which is equal to the number of multiple breaking units. The gas in the multiple arc-extinguishing chambers is not interconnected. Each arc-extinguishing chamber houses the moving contact corresponding to the breaking unit. Each arc-extinguishing chamber is provided with an exhaust port, which is located between the arc-extinguishing chamber and the arc-extinguishing channel along the length of the circuit breaker. The exhaust port connects the arc-extinguishing chamber and the arc-extinguishing channel.

10. The prefabricated substation according to claim 9, characterized in that, At least one filter screen is provided in the arc-extinguishing channel located between two adjacent exhaust holes.

11. A circuit breaker, characterized in that, The circuit breaker includes an operating mechanism, a transmission component, and multiple breaking units. The operating mechanism and the multiple breaking units are arranged along the length direction of the circuit breaker. The operating mechanism includes an output shaft, and the axial direction of the output shaft extends along the width direction of the circuit breaker. The transmission component extends along the height direction of the circuit breaker and connects to the plurality of disconnecting units; the transmission component is drivenly connected to the output shaft. The plurality of breaking units are arranged along the height direction of the circuit breaker. Each breaking unit includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The moving contact is connected to the transmission member. The stationary contact is located on the side of the transmission member away from the output shaft in the length direction of the circuit breaker. The transmission member can move under the drive of the output shaft and drive the moving contact of the plurality of breaking units to move, so that the moving contact contacts or separates from the corresponding stationary contact.

12. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The device includes an energy storage device, which is equipped with a battery module and a circuit breaker as described in claim 11, wherein the circuit breaker is used to connect the input terminal of the energy storage device and the battery module, and / or, the circuit breaker is used to connect the output terminal of the energy storage device and the battery module.

13. A data center, characterized in that, It includes an uninterruptible power supply, an AC feeder cabinet, and a head unit cabinet, wherein the AC feeder cabinet is equipped with a circuit breaker as described in claim 11, and the circuit breaker is electrically connected between the uninterruptible power supply and the head unit cabinet.

Images