A power distribution box with wind and sand prevention function

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of distribution boxes, and discloses a wind-sand-prevention distribution box, which comprises a box seat, a box body fixedly installed on the box seat and a box door arranged at the front end of the box body, a heat dissipation flow channel mechanism is arranged in the box body, the heat dissipation flow channel mechanism comprises a bottom air inlet part, a central flow channel and a top air outlet part, the bottom air inlet part is arranged at the bottom of the box body, and the top air outlet part is arranged at the top of the box body; the bottom air inlet part, the central flow channel and the top air outlet part are sequentially communicated to form a longitudinal heat dissipation air duct; the chimney effect of natural rising of hot air is utilized; a forced air exhaust is performed by a servo motor driven air extractor in the top air outlet part; a smooth convection path from bottom to top is formed in the box body; cold air is introduced from the bottom air inlet part, discharged from the top air outlet part after flowing through the central flow channel, and the airflow path is clear and has small resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of distribution box technology, specifically to a distribution box with wind and sand protection function. Background Technology

[0002] Distribution boxes are fundamental equipment in power systems used for power distribution and control, widely used in industrial plants, buildings, municipal facilities, and outdoor power lines. They typically house circuit breakers, contactors, relays, metering instruments, and various protective devices, responsible for safely distributing power from the upstream supply to each branch circuit. Simultaneously, their built-in protective devices automatically cut off power in case of overload, short circuit, or leakage, ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment. The reliable operation of the distribution box directly affects the stability and security of the entire power supply system.

[0003] However, in areas prone to sandstorms, distribution boxes face severe environmental challenges. In sandstorm environments, a large number of dust particles are suspended in the air. These particles move with the airflow, continuously eroding and penetrating the distribution box. During operation, the internal electrical components of the distribution box generate heat. To ensure heat dissipation, the box usually needs to be equipped with ventilation openings or vents. There is an inherent contradiction between this heat dissipation requirement and the need for sand protection: the ventilation openings provide a channel for dust intrusion. Once dust enters the box, it accumulates on the surface of electrical components, leading to poor contact, reduced heat dissipation performance, and decreased insulation performance. In severe cases, it can even cause short circuits or equipment burnout. Simultaneously, dust accelerates the aging of box seals and clogs ventilation filters, further shortening the maintenance cycle and lifespan of the distribution box. Therefore, how to effectively prevent dust intrusion while ensuring effective heat dissipation is a core technical challenge in the design of distribution boxes in sandstorm environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a power distribution box with wind and sand protection function to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a distribution box with wind and sand protection function, comprising a box base, a box body fixedly installed on the box base, and a box door disposed at the front end of the box body. The box is equipped with a heat dissipation and circulation mechanism, which includes a bottom air inlet, a central circulation chamber, and a top air outlet. The bottom air inlet is located at the bottom of the box, the top air outlet is located at the top of the box, and the central circulation chamber is located in the middle of the box and connects the bottom air inlet and the top air outlet respectively, so as to form a longitudinal heat dissipation air duct in the box. Both the bottom air inlet and the top air outlet have an effective ventilation area that can be controlled and adjusted, and the two are adjusted synchronously to reduce the ventilation area to maintain protection in a sand and dust environment, and to increase the ventilation area to enhance heat dissipation in conjunction with forced exhaust when heat dissipation is required. The bottom air inlet and the top air outlet are both inclined relative to the horizontal and vertical planes of the mounting plane on the housing to prevent sand and dust from accumulating at the air outlet.

[0006] According to the above technical solution, the four corners of the box are respectively provided with chamfer structures, and the chamfer structures include a first chamfer located at the upper corner and a second chamfer located at the lower corner; The first chamfer and the second chamfer each have an inclined mounting surface. The top air outlet is mounted on the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer, and the bottom air inlet is mounted on the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer, so that the top air outlet and the bottom air inlet are both inclined relative to the horizontal top surface and the vertical side surface of the housing. The chamfered structure creates a rounded transition surface at the edges of the enclosure to eliminate stress concentration and enhance the structural strength of the enclosure against wind and sand impact. The angle between the inclined mounting surface and the horizontal plane is 30°-60°, and the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer faces upward, while the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer faces downward, so that the airflow from the bottom air inlet and the airflow from the top air outlet are respectively introduced and discharged along the inclined direction to form a guide slope on the outside of the housing.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the bottom air inlet includes: An adjustable air inlet plate is detachably installed on the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer at the bottom of the housing, and the plate surface of the adjustable air inlet plate is adapted to the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer. The first embedded filter screen is embedded in the adjustable air inlet plate and is used for primary filtration of the cold air entering the box.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the adjustable air inlet plate includes a first hollow plate and a first adjustment mechanism disposed at one end of the first hollow plate. The side wall of the first hollow plate has a movable inner cavity, and the first adjustment mechanism is disposed in the movable inner cavity. The first adjustment mechanism includes a first electric telescopic rod fixedly installed in the movable inner cavity and a movable plate fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod. The movable plate is evenly distributed with a plurality of first flow slots, and the first hollow plate is provided with a plurality of second flow slots that correspond one-to-one with the first flow slots. The movable plate moves under the drive of the first electric telescopic rod, so that the first flow groove and the second flow groove are connected to each other or staggered and closed, so as to adjust the opening of the air inlet of the adjustable air inlet plate.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the top air outlet includes: An adjustable air outlet plate is detachably installed on the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer on the upper part of the housing, and the plate surface of the adjustable air outlet plate is adapted to the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer. The second embedded filter is embedded on the outside of the adjustable air outlet plate; The exhaust fan is arranged in a linear array along the length of the adjustable air outlet plate, embedded in the adjustable air outlet plate, and located inside the second embedded filter screen; A servo motor is fixedly mounted on the adjustable air outlet plate, and the output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the corresponding exhaust fan.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the adjustable air outlet plate includes a second hollow plate and a second adjustment mechanism disposed at one end of the second hollow plate. An air outlet is provided through the side wall of the second hollow plate, and the air outlet is composed of a plurality of circumferentially distributed arc-shaped long grooves. The second adjustment mechanism includes a central shaft and a plurality of arc-shaped adjustment plates circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the central shaft. The arc-shaped adjustment plates correspond one-to-one with the arc-shaped long groove and are adapted in shape. The end of the central shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the exhaust fan through an electromagnetic clutch. When the central axis rotates, the arc-shaped adjustment plate correspondingly closes or opens the arc-shaped long groove to adjust the opening of the air outlet of the adjustable air outlet plate.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the heat dissipation mechanism further includes: The bottom guide pipe is connected at one end to the bottom of the central flow chamber and at the other end to the bottom air inlet. The bottom guide pipe is inclined upward from the bottom air inlet toward the central flow chamber along the airflow direction. The top guide pipe is connected at one end to the top of the central flow chamber and at the other end to the top air outlet. The top guide pipe is inclined upward from the central flow chamber to the top air outlet along the airflow direction. A central switching mechanism, located within the central circulation chamber, is used to controllably block or open the vertical circulation of the central circulation chamber when switching between the longitudinal heat dissipation duct and the external horizontal natural wind heat dissipation mode.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the central circulation chamber, the bottom guide pipe and the top guide pipe are all configured as multi-layer composite structures, which include, from the inside to the outside: an inner anti-corrosion layer, a middle heat insulation layer and an outer protective layer.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the central switching mechanism includes: Fixed abutment blocks are respectively fixedly installed on the top and bottom of the inner wall of the central flow chamber. The two fixed abutment blocks are arranged in a mirror image symmetrically, and a flow gap is formed between the two fixed abutment blocks. The movable abutment blocks are movably disposed within the central flow chamber, located above and below the flow gap respectively. Each movable abutment block has a first inclined abutment surface on the side near the corresponding fixed abutment block, and the fixed abutment block has a second inclined abutment surface on the side near the corresponding movable abutment block. A control component is disposed between the upper and lower movable abutment blocks, used to drive the two movable abutment blocks to move towards each other or away from each other, so that the first inclined abutment surface and the second inclined abutment surface are attached to close the flow gap, or to separate the first inclined abutment surface and the second inclined abutment surface to open the flow gap.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the control component includes: A central fixing seat is fixedly installed inside the central circulation compartment; A through guide rod is arranged in a linear array along the length of the central fixed seat and vertically passes through the upper and lower movable abutment blocks. An end limiting plate is fixedly installed at the end of the through guide rod to constrain the movement stroke of the movable abutment block. The second electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the central fixed base. The telescopic ends of the second electric telescopic rod are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding movable abutment blocks, which are used to drive the movable abutment blocks to slide along the through guide rod.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: First, it achieves efficient bottom-up vertical heat dissipation, significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0016] This device forms a longitudinal heat dissipation air duct by connecting the bottom air inlet, the central circulation chamber, and the top air outlet in sequence. It utilizes the chimney effect of hot air rising naturally, and the servo motor in the top air outlet drives the exhaust fan to perform forced exhaust, forming a smooth convection path from bottom to top in the box. Cool air is introduced from the bottom air inlet, flows through the central circulation chamber, and is discharged from the top air outlet. The airflow path is clear and the resistance is small. The heat dissipation efficiency is higher than that of traditional natural heat dissipation methods with side wall openings or horizontal plane openings.

[0017] II. The inclined installation posture effectively prevents sand and dust accumulation and rainwater intrusion. This device mounts the bottom air inlet and the top air outlet on the inclined mounting surfaces of the chamfered corners of the housing, making both mounting planes inclined relative to both the horizontal and vertical planes. Dust and rainwater cannot stay on the inclined surfaces and will slide off naturally, avoiding the problems of dust and water accumulation at the traditional horizontal air inlet and the siphon effect of the side air film at the vertical air inlet. At the same time, the air inlet of the bottom air inlet is relatively raised and tilted to the side, effectively reducing the probability of dust being sucked up from the ground when the exhaust fan is running, and extending the cleaning cycle of the first and second embedded filters.

[0018] Third, the ventilation area can be controlled and adjusted synchronously, taking into account both sand prevention and heat dissipation requirements. This device uses a first electric telescopic rod in the adjustable air inlet plate to drive the movable plate to move, allowing the first and second flow channels to connect or be staggered and closed, thus achieving stepless adjustment of the air inlet opening. The adjustable air outlet plate uses an electromagnetic clutch to engage, causing the central shaft to rotate the arc-shaped adjustment plate, correspondingly closing or opening the arc-shaped channel, achieving stepless adjustment of the air outlet opening. Both adjustments are synchronized, reducing the ventilation area in dusty environments to maintain the protection level, and increasing the ventilation area to enhance heat dissipation when heat dissipation is required, enabling the device to flexibly balance protection and heat dissipation needs according to actual working conditions.

[0019] IV. The central on / off mechanism enables flexible switching between two modes: longitudinal heat dissipation and horizontal natural wind heat dissipation.

[0020] This device uses the second electric telescopic rod in the central on / off mechanism to drive the movable abutment block to slide along the through guide rod, so that the first inclined abutment surface and the second inclined abutment surface are attached or separated, thereby closing or opening the flow gap and realizing the controlled on / off of the vertical flow in the central flow chamber; under normal working conditions, the flow gap is opened to form a longitudinal chimney effect for heat dissipation; under strong external wind conditions, the flow gap is blocked, so that the bottom air inlet and the top air outlet work independently, avoiding the formation of through flow in the longitudinal heat dissipation air duct by strong external wind, effectively preventing turbulence and backflow in the air duct, and enabling the device to adapt to complex external environments with different wind directions and wind forces.

[0021] V. The multi-layered composite structure enhances the pipeline's corrosion resistance, heat insulation, and protection performance. This device uses a multi-layered composite structure for the central flow chamber, bottom guide pipe, and top guide pipe. From the inside out, it includes an inner anti-corrosion layer, a middle heat insulation layer, and an outer protective layer. The inner anti-corrosion layer prevents humid air from corroding the inner wall of the pipe, the middle heat insulation layer reduces heat exchange between the inside and outside of the chamber to avoid condensation, and the outer protective layer resists external sand and dust abrasion and mechanical impact, effectively extending the service life of the heat dissipation and flow mechanism in harsh environments.

[0022] VI. The chamfered structure enhances the structural strength of the enclosure and optimizes external aerodynamic performance. The chamfered structure at the four corners of the enclosure creates a rounded transition surface at the edges, eliminating stress concentration at right angles and enhancing the enclosure's structural strength against wind and sand impacts. Simultaneously, the inclined mounting surface forms a guide slope on the outside of the enclosure, allowing horizontal natural wind to flow smoothly along this slope, reducing the frontal impact of wind and sand on the enclosure, lowering wind resistance, and ensuring that wind and sand glide smoothly along the edges without easily forming turbulence or accumulating around the enclosure. This further enhances the device's adaptability to harsh wind and sand environments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a first perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second perspective view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a third perspective view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a fourth perspective schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the fifth perspective schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the sixth perspective schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 7 This is the seventh perspective schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the eighth perspective schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the ninth perspective schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 10 This is the tenth perspective schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 11 This is the eleventh perspective view of the present invention; Figure 12 This is the twelfth perspective schematic diagram of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-Base, 2-Box body, 3-Box door, 4-Bottom air inlet, 41-Adjustable air inlet plate, 411-First hollow plate, 4111-Modible inner cavity, 412-First adjustment mechanism, 4121-First electric telescopic rod, 4122-Modible plate, 41221-First flow channel, 41222-Second flow channel, 42-First embedded filter, 5-Top air outlet, 51-Adjustable air outlet plate, 511-Second hollow plate, 5111-Air outlet, 512-Second adjustment mechanism, 5121-Central shaft, 5122-Arc-shaped adjustment plate, 5123-Electromagnetic clutch, 52-Second embedded filter, 53-Exhaust fan, 531-Rotating shaft 54-Servo motor, 6-Chamfered structure, 61-First chamfer, 62-Second chamfer, 63-Circular transition surface, 7-Central flow chamber, 71-Longitudinal heat dissipation duct, 72-Bottom guide pipe, 73-Top guide pipe, 74-Multi-layer composite structure, 741-Inner wall anti-corrosion layer, 742-Intermediate heat insulation layer, 743-Outer wall protective layer, 8-Central switch mechanism, 81-Fixed abutment block, 811-Flow gap, 812-Second inclined abutment surface, 82-Moving abutment block, 821-First inclined abutment surface, 83-Control component, 831-Central fixed seat, 832-Through guide rod, 8321-End limiting plate, 833-Second electric telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-12 The present invention provides a technical solution: a distribution box with wind and sand protection function, comprising a box base 1, a box body 2 fixedly installed on the box base 1, and a box door 3 disposed at the front end of the box body 2. The housing 2 is equipped with a heat dissipation and circulation mechanism, which includes a bottom air inlet 4, a central circulation chamber 7, and a top air outlet 5. The bottom air inlet 4 is located at the bottom of the housing 2, the top air outlet 5 is located at the top of the housing 2, and the central circulation chamber 7 is located in the middle of the housing 2 and connects the bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 respectively, so as to form a longitudinal heat dissipation air duct 71 in the housing 2. Both the bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 have an effective ventilation area that can be controlled and adjusted, and the two are adjusted synchronously to reduce the ventilation area to maintain protection in a sand and dust environment, and to increase the ventilation area to enhance heat dissipation in conjunction with forced exhaust when heat dissipation is required. The bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 are both inclined relative to the horizontal and vertical planes of the mounting planes on the housing 2 to prevent sand and dust from accumulating at the air outlets. Specifically, the four corners of the box body 2 are respectively provided with chamfer structures 6, and the chamfer structures 6 include a first chamfer 61 located at the upper corner and a second chamfer 62 located at the lower corner; The first chamfer 61 and the second chamfer 62 each have an inclined mounting surface. The top air outlet 5 is mounted on the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer 61, and the bottom air inlet 4 is mounted on the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer 62, so that the top air outlet 5 and the bottom air inlet 4 are both inclined relative to the horizontal top surface and the vertical side surface of the housing 2. The chamfered structure 6 forms an arc transition surface 63 at the edge of the box 2, so as to eliminate stress concentration and enhance the structural strength of the box 2 against wind and sand impact. The angle between the inclined mounting surface and the horizontal plane is 30°-60°, and the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer 61 is inclined upward, while the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer 62 is inclined downward, so that the airflow of the bottom air inlet 4 and the airflow of the top air outlet 5 are respectively introduced and discharged along the inclined direction to form a guide slope on the outside of the housing 2. Specifically, the bottom air inlet 4 includes: An adjustable air inlet plate 41 is detachably installed on the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer 62 at the lower part of the housing 2, and the plate surface of the adjustable air inlet plate 41 is adapted to the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer 62. The first embedded filter 42 is embedded in the adjustable air inlet plate 41 and is used to perform primary filtration of the cold air entering the box 2. Specifically, the adjustable air inlet plate 41 includes a first hollow plate 411 and a first adjustment mechanism 412 disposed at one end of the first hollow plate 411. The side wall of the first hollow plate 411 has a movable inner cavity 4111, and the first adjustment mechanism 412 is disposed in the movable inner cavity 4111. The first adjustment mechanism 412 includes a first electric telescopic rod 4121 fixedly installed in the movable inner cavity 4111 and a movable plate 4122 fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod 4121. The movable plate 4122 is evenly distributed with a plurality of first flow slots 41221. The first hollow plate 411 is provided with a plurality of second flow slots 41222 that correspond one-to-one with the first flow slots 41221. The movable plate 4122 moves under the drive of the first electric telescopic rod 4121, so that the first flow groove 41221 and the second flow groove 41222 are connected to each other or staggered and closed, so as to adjust the opening of the air inlet of the adjustable air inlet plate 41. Specifically, the top air outlet 5 includes: An adjustable air outlet plate 51 is detachably installed on the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer 61 on the upper part of the housing 2, and the plate surface of the adjustable air outlet plate 51 is adapted to the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer 61. The second embedded filter 52 is embedded on the outside of the adjustable air outlet plate 51; The exhaust fan 53 is arranged in a linear array along the length of the adjustable air outlet plate 51, is embedded in the adjustable air outlet plate 51, and is located inside the second embedded filter screen 52. A servo motor 54 is fixedly installed on the adjustable air outlet plate 51, and the output end of the servo motor 54 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 531 of the corresponding exhaust fan 53. Specifically, the adjustable air outlet plate 51 includes a second hollow plate 511 and a second adjustment mechanism 512 disposed at one end of the second hollow plate 511. An air outlet 5111 is provided through the side wall of the second hollow plate 511, and the air outlet 5111 is composed of a plurality of circumferentially distributed arc-shaped long grooves. The second adjustment mechanism 512 includes a central shaft 5121 and a plurality of arc-shaped adjustment plates 5122 circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the central shaft 5121. The arc-shaped adjustment plates 5122 correspond one-to-one with the arc-shaped long grooves and are adapted in shape. The end of the central shaft 5121 is connected to the rotating shaft 531 of the exhaust fan 53 through an electromagnetic clutch 5123. When the central shaft 5121 rotates, the arc-shaped adjustment plate 5122 correspondingly closes or opens the arc-shaped long groove to adjust the opening of the air outlet of the adjustable air outlet plate 51. Specifically, the heat dissipation mechanism further includes: The bottom guide pipe 72 is connected at one end to the bottom of the central circulation chamber 7 and at the other end to the bottom air inlet 4. The bottom guide pipe 72 is inclined upward from the bottom air inlet 4 toward the central circulation chamber 7 along the airflow direction. The top guide pipe 73 is connected at one end to the top of the central circulation chamber 7 and at the other end to the top air outlet 5. The top guide pipe 73 is inclined upward from the central circulation chamber 7 to the top air outlet 5 along the airflow direction. The central switching mechanism 8 is located in the central circulation chamber 7 and is used to controllably block or open the vertical circulation of the central circulation chamber 7 when switching between the longitudinal heat dissipation duct 71 and the external horizontal natural wind heat dissipation mode. Specifically, the central circulation chamber 7, the bottom guide pipe 72 and the top guide pipe 73 are all configured as multi-layer composite structures 74, which include, from the inside to the outside: an inner wall anti-corrosion layer 741, a middle heat insulation layer 742 and an outer wall protective layer 743. Specifically, the central switching mechanism 8 includes: Fixed abutment blocks 81 are fixedly installed on the top and bottom of the inner wall of the central flow chamber 7, respectively. The two fixed abutment blocks 81 are arranged in a mirror image symmetrically, and a flow gap 811 is formed between the two fixed abutment blocks 81. The movable abutment block 82 is movably disposed in the central circulation chamber 7, located above and below the circulation gap 811 respectively. Each movable abutment block 82 has a first inclined abutment surface 821 on the side close to the corresponding fixed abutment block 81, and the fixed abutment block 81 has a second inclined abutment surface 812 on the side close to the corresponding movable abutment block 82. The control component 83 is disposed between the upper and lower movable abutment blocks 82, and is used to drive the two movable abutment blocks 82 to move towards each other or away from each other, so that the first inclined abutment surface 821 and the second inclined abutment surface 812 are attached to close the flow gap 811, or the first inclined abutment surface 821 and the second inclined abutment surface 812 are separated to open the flow gap 811. Specifically, the control component 83 includes: The central fixing seat 831 is fixedly installed inside the central circulation compartment 7; A through guide rod 832 is arranged in a linear array along the length of the central fixed seat 831 and vertically passes through the upper and lower movable abutment blocks 82. An end limiting plate 8321 is fixedly installed at the end of the through guide rod 832 to constrain the movement stroke of the movable abutment block 82. The second electric telescopic rod 833 is fixedly installed on the central fixed base 831. The telescopic ends of the second electric telescopic rod 833 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding movable abutment blocks 82, which are used to drive the movable abutment blocks 82 to slide along the through guide rod 832.

[0026] I. Overall Architecture and Basic Principles This wind and sand protection distribution box consists of a base 1, a box body 2 fixedly installed on the base 1, and a door 3 located at the front end of the box body 2. The box body 2 is equipped with a heat dissipation and circulation mechanism, which consists of a bottom air inlet 4, a central circulation chamber 7, and a top air outlet 5.

[0027] A bottom air inlet 4 is located at the bottom of the housing 2, a top air outlet 5 is located at the top of the housing 2, and a central flow chamber 7 is located in the middle of the housing 2, connecting the bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 respectively, thereby forming a longitudinal heat dissipation air duct 71 inside the housing 2. This longitudinal heat dissipation air duct 71 is independent of the installation space of electrical components inside the housing, realizing efficient convection with cold air entering from the bottom and hot air being discharged from the top.

[0028] Both the bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 have controllable and adjustable effective ventilation areas, and both are adjusted synchronously. In dusty environments, the ventilation area is reduced to maintain the protection level; when heat dissipation is required, the ventilation area is increased and combined with forced exhaust to enhance heat dissipation. At the same time, the mounting planes of the bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 on the housing 2 are inclined relative to both the horizontal and vertical planes to prevent dust from accumulating at the air outlets.

[0029] This device mounts the bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 on the inclined mounting surfaces of the chamfered corner structure 6 of the housing 2, making the mounting planes of both inclined relative to both the horizontal and vertical planes. This design has advantages over traditional horizontal and vertical air outlets: Compared to horizontal air outlets, the inclined mounting surfaces prevent dust and rainwater from accumulating and allow them to slide off naturally, avoiding the problems of dust and water accumulation at the top horizontal air outlet and blockage by mud and water splashes from the ground at the bottom horizontal air inlet. At the same time, the air inlet position of the bottom air inlet 4 is relatively raised and tilted to the side, effectively reducing the probability of dust being sucked up from the ground when the exhaust fan 53 is running, and extending the cleaning cycle of the first embedded filter screen 42. Compared to the vertical air outlet, the air outlet direction of the top air outlet 5 is diagonally upward, using natural draft to draw the rising hot air. By following the natural flow, the vertical air vents avoid the problem of turbulence and heat dissipation obstruction caused by positive pressure from side winds. Furthermore, the inclined mounting surface of the chamfered structure 6 is located at the edge of the housing 2, so the water film formed by rainwater naturally breaks and drips off at the edge instead of flowing through the air vents, effectively preventing the water film from being siphoned into the housing 2 by the internal negative pressure. In addition, the inclined mounting surface also forms a guide slope on the outside of the housing 2, allowing horizontal natural wind to flow smoothly along the guide slope, reducing the impact of wind and sand on the front of the housing 2 and increasing the heat dissipation area of ​​the outer wall. The chamfered structure 6 also eliminates the stress concentration at the right angle by forming an arc transition surface 63 at the edge of the housing 2, enhancing the structural strength of the housing 2 against wind and sand impact. Therefore, this inclined mounting posture is significantly superior to the traditional horizontal and vertical air vent designs in terms of dust prevention, waterproof membrane, resistance to side winds, airflow guidance, and reinforcement.

[0030] II. Normal heat dissipation process (longitudinal chimney effect mode) 1. Air intake and filtration at the bottom air intake section 4 External cold air first enters the housing 2 through the bottom air inlet 4. The bottom air inlet 4 includes an adjustable air inlet plate 41 and a first embedded filter 42. The adjustable air inlet plate 41 is detachably mounted on the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer 62 at the bottom of the housing 2, and its plate surface is adapted to the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer 62. The first embedded filter 42 is embedded in the adjustable air inlet plate 41 to perform primary filtration of the cold air entering the housing 2, blocking sand and dust particles.

[0031] 2. Adjustment of the opening degree of the adjustable air inlet plate 41 The adjustable air inlet plate 41 includes a first hollow plate 411 and a first adjustment mechanism 412 disposed at one end of the first hollow plate 411. A movable inner cavity 4111 is formed in the side wall of the first hollow plate 411, and the first adjustment mechanism 412 is disposed within the movable inner cavity 4111. The first adjustment mechanism 412 includes a first electric telescopic rod 4121 fixedly installed within the movable inner cavity 4111 and a movable plate 4122 fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod 4121. Multiple first flow slots 41221 are evenly distributed on the movable plate 4122, and multiple second flow slots 41222 corresponding one-to-one with the first flow slots 41221 are formed through the first hollow plate 411.

[0032] When it is necessary to increase the air intake area, the first electric telescopic rod 4121 drives the movable plate 4122 to move, so that the first flow groove 41221 and the second flow groove 41222 are connected to each other, forming an unobstructed air intake channel. When it is necessary to reduce the air intake area to cope with sand and dust, the first electric telescopic rod 4121 drives the movable plate 4122 to move in the opposite direction, so that the first flow groove 41221 and the second flow groove 41222 are misaligned and closed, thereby reducing or even completely closing the air intake opening.

[0033] 3. Airflow enters the central distribution chamber 7 through the bottom guide pipe 72. Filtered cool air enters the bottom guide duct 72 from the bottom air inlet 4. One end of the bottom guide duct 72 is connected to the bottom of the central circulation chamber 7, and the other end is connected to the bottom air inlet 4. It is inclined upward from the bottom air inlet 4 towards the central circulation chamber 7 in the direction of airflow. This inclined upward design follows the upward trend of hot air, reduces airflow resistance, and guides the cool air smoothly into the central circulation chamber 7.

[0034] 4. The conduction status of the central distribution warehouse 7 and the central switching mechanism 8. In normal longitudinal heat dissipation mode, the central switching mechanism 8 is in the open state. The central switching mechanism 8 is located within the central flow chamber 7, and its specific structure includes a fixed abutment block 81, a movable abutment block 82, and a control component 83. The fixed abutment blocks 81 are fixedly installed on the top and bottom of the inner wall of the central flow chamber 7, respectively, with the two fixed abutment blocks 81 arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner, forming a flow gap 811 between them. The movable abutment blocks 82 are movably disposed within the central flow chamber 7, located above and below the flow gap 811, respectively. Each movable abutment block 82 has a first inclined abutment surface 821 on the side near the corresponding fixed abutment block 81, and a second inclined abutment surface 812 is correspondingly provided on the side of the fixed abutment block 81 near the corresponding movable abutment block 82.

[0035] A control component 83 is disposed between two movable abutment blocks 82, and is used to drive the two movable abutment blocks 82 to move towards each other or away from each other. When the control component 83 drives the two movable abutment blocks 82 to move away from each other, the first inclined abutment surface 821 separates from the second inclined abutment surface 812, the flow gap 811 opens, and the airflow can pass through the central flow chamber 7 from bottom to top. The specific structure of the control component 83 includes a central fixed seat 831, a through guide rod 832, and a second electric telescopic rod 833. The central fixed seat 831 is fixedly installed in the central flow chamber 7. The through guide rod 832 is arranged in a linear array along the length direction of the central fixed seat 831, and is vertically arranged through the two movable abutment blocks 82. An end limiting plate 8321 is fixedly installed at the end of the through guide rod 832 to constrain the movement stroke of the movable abutment blocks 82. The second electric telescopic rod 833 is fixedly installed on the central fixed base 831, and its telescopic ends are respectively fixedly connected to corresponding movable abutment blocks 82, which are used to drive the movable abutment blocks 82 to slide along the through guide rod 832. When the second electric telescopic rod 833 retracts, it drives the movable abutment blocks 82 to move in the opposite direction, and the flow gap 811 is opened.

[0036] 5. Airflow enters the top air outlet 5 through the top guide duct 73. Hot air enters the top guide duct 73 through the central circulation chamber 7. One end of the top guide duct 73 is connected to the top of the central circulation chamber 7, and the other end is connected to the top air outlet 5. It is inclined upward from the central circulation chamber 7 to the top air outlet 5 along the airflow direction. This design further guides the hot air to rise smoothly to the top air outlet 5.

[0037] 6. Forced exhaust and filtration of the top air outlet 5 The top air outlet 5 includes an adjustable air outlet plate 51, a second embedded filter 52, an exhaust fan 53, and a servo motor 54. The adjustable air outlet plate 51 is detachably mounted on the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer 61 on the upper part of the housing 2, and its plate surface is adapted to the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer 61. The second embedded filter 52 is embedded in the outer side of the adjustable air outlet plate 51. The exhaust fan 53 is arranged in a linear array along the length direction of the adjustable air outlet plate 51, embedded in the adjustable air outlet plate 51, and located inside the second embedded filter 52. The servo motor 54 is fixedly mounted on the adjustable air outlet plate 51, and its output end is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft 531 of the corresponding exhaust fan 53.

[0038] The servo motor 54 drives the exhaust fan 53 to operate, creating a negative pressure at the top air outlet 5, actively drawing in hot air from the housing 2 and accelerating the airflow within the longitudinal heat dissipation duct 71. The hot air is discharged from the housing 2 after passing through the second embedded filter 52, which prevents external dust from flowing back in when the exhaust fan 53 is stopped.

[0039] 7. Adjustment of the opening degree of the adjustable air outlet 51 The adjustable air outlet plate 51 includes a second hollow plate 511 and a second adjustment mechanism 512 disposed at one end of the second hollow plate 511. An air outlet 5111 is provided through the side wall of the second hollow plate 511, and the air outlet 5111 is composed of multiple circumferentially distributed arc-shaped elongated slots. The second adjustment mechanism 512 includes a central shaft 5121 and multiple arc-shaped adjustment plates 5122 circumferentially disposed on the side wall of the central shaft 5121. The arc-shaped adjustment plates 5122 correspond one-to-one with the arc-shaped elongated slots and are adapted in shape. The end of the central shaft 5121 is connected to the rotating shaft 531 of the exhaust fan 53 via an electromagnetic clutch 5123.

[0040] When the air outlet opening needs to be adjusted, the electromagnetic clutch 5123 engages, causing the rotating shaft 531 of the exhaust fan 53 to drive the central shaft 5121 to rotate, which in turn drives the arc-shaped adjusting plate 5122 to rotate. As the central shaft 5121 rotates, the arc-shaped adjusting plate 5122 correspondingly closes or opens the arc-shaped slot, thereby adjusting the air outlet opening of the adjustable air outlet plate 51. When the air outlet needs to be completely closed, the arc-shaped adjusting plate 5122 completely blocks the arc-shaped slot; when maximum airflow is required, the arc-shaped adjusting plate 5122 completely offsets the arc-shaped slot, ensuring unobstructed airflow.

[0041] III. Protective Measures in Dust-Proof Environments When the concentration of dust in the external environment is high, the system enters a protection priority mode. At this time, the effective ventilation area of ​​the bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 decreases simultaneously. The specific actions are as follows: In the bottom air inlet 4, the first electric telescopic rod 4121 drives the movable plate 4122 to move, so that the first flow groove 41221 and the second flow groove 41222 are misaligned and closed, reducing the opening of the air inlet.

[0042] In the top air outlet 5, the electromagnetic clutch 5123 engages, the central shaft 5121 rotates, and the arc-shaped adjusting plate 5122 partially or completely closes the arc-shaped long slot, reducing the opening of the air outlet.

[0043] Meanwhile, the chamfered structures 6 at the four corners of the enclosure 2 provide protection. The chamfered structures 6 include a first chamfer 61 at the upper corner and a second chamfer 62 at the lower corner. The first chamfer 61 and the second chamfer 62 each have an inclined mounting surface. The top air outlet 5 is mounted on the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer 61, and the bottom air inlet 4 is mounted on the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer 62, so that both the top air outlet 5 and the bottom air inlet 4 are inclined relative to the horizontal top surface and vertical side surface of the enclosure 2, respectively. The angle between the inclined mounting surface and the horizontal plane is 30°-60°, and the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer 61 faces upwards, while the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer 62 faces downwards. This allows the airflow from the bottom air inlet 4 and the airflow from the top air outlet 5 to be guided and discharged along the inclined direction, forming a guide slope on the outside of the enclosure 2.

[0044] Furthermore, the chamfered structure 6 creates a rounded transition surface 63 at the edges of the enclosure 2, eliminating stress concentration and enhancing the structural strength of the enclosure 2 against wind and sand impacts. The inclined mounting surface prevents sand and dust from accumulating at the air vents, and rainwater slides off along the inclined surface, thereby reducing the ventilation area while further improving the protective effect.

[0045] The central distribution chamber 7, bottom guide pipe 72, and top guide pipe 73 are all configured with a multi-layer composite structure 74, which includes, from the inside out: an inner wall anti-corrosion layer 741, a middle heat insulation layer 742, and an outer wall protective layer 743. The inner wall anti-corrosion layer 741 prevents humid air from corroding the inner wall of the pipe; the middle heat insulation layer 742 reduces heat exchange between the inside and outside of the chamber and avoids condensation; the outer wall protective layer 743 resists external sand and dust abrasion and mechanical impact.

[0046] IV. Horizontal Natural Wind Cooling Mode (Windy Weather) When the external horizontal wind is strong, the chimney effect of the longitudinal heat dissipation duct 71 will be interfered with by the external wind pressure, and backflow may even occur. At this time, the system switches to the horizontal natural wind cooling mode. The core feature of this mode is that the central switch mechanism 8 blocks the vertical flow of the central circulation chamber 7, but the bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 remain open, so that two independent airflow areas are formed inside the housing 2, preventing strong external wind from flowing through the longitudinal heat dissipation duct 71.

[0047] 1. The central control mechanism 8 blocks the flow of goods between upstream and downstream. The second electric telescopic rod 833 in the control assembly 83 extends, driving the upper and lower movable abutment blocks 82 to move towards each other along the through guide rod 832. The first inclined abutment surface 821 on the movable abutment block 82 gradually comes into contact with the second inclined abutment surface 812 on the fixed abutment block 81. Finally, the first inclined abutment surface 821 and the second inclined abutment surface 812 are tightly fitted together, sealing the flow gap 811, thereby blocking the vertical flow of the central flow chamber 7. At this time, the longitudinal heat dissipation duct 71 is physically blocked, and strong external wind cannot form a through airflow through the top air outlet 5 and the bottom air inlet 4.

[0048] 2. The bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 remain open. While the central circulation chamber 7 is blocked, the bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 remain open. The first electric telescopic rod 4121 of the bottom air inlet 4 drives the movable plate 4122, keeping the first and second circulation slots 41221 connected, allowing normal air intake. The electromagnetic clutch 5123 of the top air outlet 5 engages, rotating the central shaft 5121 to keep the arc-shaped adjusting plate 5122 offset from the arc-shaped slot, allowing normal exhaust. The exhaust fan 53 can continue operating or reduce its speed according to actual cooling needs.

[0049] 3. Applicable to the following situations In environments with strong but unstable external winds: When the external horizontal wind is strong but the wind direction changes frequently, if the longitudinal heat dissipation duct 71 remains open, strong winds will rush in from the top air outlet 5 or the bottom air inlet 4, forming turbulent reciprocating airflow within the duct, and may even force sand and dust into the housing 2 from the air inlet. By blocking the central circulation chamber 7, the upper and lower air outlets operate independently, effectively avoiding turbulence and backflow.

[0050] In scenarios where there is a large temperature difference between the upper and lower parts inside the cabinet 2: When the heating elements in the upper part of the cabinet 2 are concentrated and the heating elements in the lower part are less numerous, after blocking the central circulation chamber 7, the lower area can rely on the bottom air inlet 4 to independently introduce cold air for local cooling, while the upper area relies on the top air outlet 5 to independently exhaust hot air. The two areas form independent airflow circulation, do not interfere with each other, and the temperature distribution is more uniform.

[0051] In situations where it is necessary to prevent hot air from flowing up and down within the enclosure 2: Some electrical components are sensitive to hot air recirculation. After the central switching mechanism 8 blocks the flow gap 811, the hot air is confined to its respective area and cannot flow up and down within the enclosure 2, effectively protecting temperature-sensitive components.

[0052] Transitional operating conditions with moderate dust concentration but continuous horizontal winds: Completely closing the air inlet and outlet would cause heat to accumulate inside the housing 2, while fully opening the longitudinal air duct would pose a risk of dust entering. In this case, a central shut-off mechanism 8 is used to block the vertical flow while keeping the air outlets at both ends open. The first embedded filter 42 and the second embedded filter 52 can still filter the incoming and outgoing airflow. At the same time, the central shut-off mechanism 8 cuts off the path for dust to flow back from the top to the bottom, achieving a compromise between heat dissipation and protection.

[0053] 4. The auxiliary role of chamfered structure 6 and multi-layer composite structure 74 In this mode, the chamfered corners 6 of the four corners of the enclosure 2 continue to provide protection. The inclined mounting surface forms a guide slope on the outside of the enclosure 2, allowing horizontal natural wind to flow smoothly along the guide slope, reducing the impact of wind and sand on the front of the enclosure 2. The arc transition surface 63 reduces wind resistance, allowing wind and sand to slide smoothly along the edges, making it less likely for turbulence or sand accumulation to form around the enclosure 2.

[0054] The multi-layered composite structure 74 of the central distribution chamber 7, bottom guide pipe 72, and top guide pipe 73 provides thermal insulation. The intermediate thermal insulation layer 742 slows down the loss of heat from inside the chamber to the outside through the pipe wall, while also preventing external high or low temperatures from affecting the temperature inside the chamber through the pipe wall. The inner anti-corrosion layer 741 and the outer protective layer 743 protect the inner and outer walls of the pipes from corrosion and abrasion by sand and dust, respectively.

[0055] 5. Differences from fully enclosed protective modes It should be noted that after the central shut-off mechanism 8 blocks the vertical airflow, if the bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 are also completely closed, the enclosure 2 enters a fully enclosed protection mode. In this mode, the interior of the enclosure 2 is completely isolated from the external environment, and heat dissipation relies on the external horizontal natural wind blowing against the outer wall of the enclosure 2. This mode is suitable for extreme sandstorms, heavy rain, or external winds exceeding the safety threshold. The core difference between this mode and the horizontal natural wind cooling mode is that in the horizontal natural wind cooling mode, the bottom air inlet 4 and the top air outlet 5 remain open, and the first embedded filter 42 and the second embedded filter 52 continue to filter the incoming and outgoing airflow, so the enclosure 2 still has basic airflow cooling capabilities. In the fully enclosed protection mode, all air vents are completely closed, and the enclosure 2 relies solely on natural cooling from the outer wall, offering the highest protection but the lowest heat dissipation. The two modes can be flexibly switched according to actual changes in external wind conditions and sandstorm concentration, together forming a complete wind and sand protection and heat dissipation control system.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distribution box with wind and sand protection function, comprising a box base (1), a box body (2) fixedly installed on the box base (1), and a box door (3) disposed at the front end of the box body (2), characterized in that: The housing (2) is equipped with a heat dissipation and circulation mechanism, which includes a bottom air inlet (4), a central circulation chamber (7) and a top air outlet (5). The bottom air inlet (4) is located at the bottom of the box (2), the top air outlet (5) is located at the top of the box (2), and the central circulation chamber (7) is located in the middle of the box (2) and connects the bottom air inlet (4) and the top air outlet (5) respectively, so as to form a longitudinal heat dissipation air duct (71) in the box (2). Both the bottom air inlet (4) and the top air outlet (5) have an effective ventilation area that can be controlled and adjusted, and both are adjusted synchronously to reduce the ventilation area to maintain protection in a sandy environment, and to increase the ventilation area to cooperate with forced exhaust to enhance heat dissipation when heat dissipation is required. The bottom air inlet (4) and the top air outlet (5) are both inclined relative to the horizontal and vertical planes of the mounting plane on the housing (2) to prevent sand and dust from accumulating at the air outlet.

2. A distribution box with wind and sand protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four corners of the box (2) are respectively provided with chamfer structures (6), and the chamfer structures (6) include a first chamfer (61) located at the upper corner and a second chamfer (62) located at the lower corner. The first chamfer (61) and the second chamfer (62) each have an inclined mounting surface. The top air outlet (5) is mounted on the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer (61), and the bottom air inlet (4) is mounted on the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer (62), so that the top air outlet (5) and the bottom air inlet (4) are both inclined relative to the horizontal top surface and vertical side surface of the housing (2). The chamfered structure (6) forms an arc transition surface (63) at the edge of the box (2) to eliminate stress concentration and enhance the structural strength of the box (2) against wind and sand impact. The angle between the inclined mounting surface and the horizontal plane is 30°-60°, and the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer (61) is inclined upward, while the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer (62) is inclined downward, so that the airflow of the bottom air inlet (4) and the airflow of the top air outlet (5) are introduced and discharged along the inclined direction, respectively, so as to form a guide slope outside the box (2).

3. A distribution box with wind and sand protection function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom air inlet (4) includes: An adjustable air inlet plate (41) is detachably installed on the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer (62) at the lower part of the housing (2), and the plate surface of the adjustable air inlet plate (41) is adapted to the inclined mounting surface of the second chamfer (62); The first embedded filter (42) is embedded in the adjustable air inlet plate (41) and is used to perform primary filtration of the cold air entering the box (2).

4. A distribution box with wind and sand protection function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustable air inlet plate (41) includes a first hollow plate (411) and a first adjustment mechanism (412) disposed at one end of the first hollow plate (411). The side wall of the first hollow plate (411) is provided with a movable inner cavity (4111), and the first adjustment mechanism (412) is disposed in the movable inner cavity (4111). The first adjustment mechanism (412) includes a first electric telescopic rod (4121) fixedly installed in the movable inner cavity (4111) and a movable plate (4122) fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod (4121). The movable plate (4122) is evenly distributed with a plurality of first flow slots (41221). The first hollow plate (411) is provided with a plurality of second flow slots (41222) that correspond one-to-one with the first flow slots (41221). The movable plate (4122) moves under the drive of the first electric telescopic rod (4121), so that the first flow groove (41221) and the second flow groove (41222) are connected to each other or staggered and closed, so as to adjust the opening of the air inlet of the adjustable air inlet plate (41).

5. A distribution box with wind and sand protection function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top air outlet (5) includes: An adjustable air outlet plate (51) is detachably installed on the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer (61) on the upper part of the housing (2), and the plate surface of the adjustable air outlet plate (51) is adapted to the inclined mounting surface of the first chamfer (61). The second embedded filter (52) is embedded on the outside of the adjustable air outlet plate (51); The exhaust fan (53) is arranged in a linear array along the length of the adjustable air outlet plate (51), is embedded in the adjustable air outlet plate (51), and is located inside the second embedded filter screen (52); A servo motor (54) is fixedly installed on the adjustable air outlet plate (51), and the output end of the servo motor (54) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (531) of the corresponding exhaust fan (53).

6. A distribution box with wind and sand protection function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustable air outlet plate (51) includes a second hollow plate (511) and a second adjustment mechanism (512) disposed at one end of the second hollow plate (511). An air outlet (5111) is provided through the side wall of the second hollow plate (511). The air outlet (5111) is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped long grooves evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The second adjustment mechanism (512) includes a central shaft (5121) and a plurality of arc-shaped adjustment plates (5122) arranged circumferentially on the side wall of the central shaft (5121). The arc-shaped adjustment plates (5122) correspond one-to-one with the arc-shaped long groove and are adapted in shape. The end of the central shaft (5121) is connected to the rotating shaft (531) of the exhaust fan (53) through an electromagnetic clutch (5123). When the central shaft (5121) rotates, the arc-shaped adjustment plate (5122) correspondingly closes or opens the arc-shaped long groove to adjust the opening of the air outlet of the adjustable air outlet plate (51).

7. A distribution box with wind and sand protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation mechanism also includes: The bottom guide pipe (72) is connected at one end to the bottom of the central circulation chamber (7) and at the other end to the bottom air inlet (4). The bottom guide pipe (72) is inclined upward from the bottom air inlet (4) towards the central circulation chamber (7) along the airflow direction. The top guide pipe (73) is connected at one end to the top of the central circulation chamber (7) and at the other end to the top air outlet (5). The top guide pipe (73) is inclined upward from the central circulation chamber (7) to the top air outlet (5) along the airflow direction. The central switching mechanism (8) is located in the central circulation chamber (7) and is used to controllably block or open the vertical circulation of the central circulation chamber (7) when switching between the longitudinal heat dissipation duct (71) and the external horizontal natural wind heat dissipation mode.

8. A distribution box with wind and sand protection function according to claim 7, characterized in that, The central circulation chamber (7), the bottom guide pipe (72) and the top guide pipe (73) are all configured as multi-layer composite structures (74), which include, from the inside to the outside: an inner wall anti-corrosion layer (741), a middle heat insulation layer (742) and an outer wall protective layer (743).

9. A distribution box with wind and sand protection function according to claim 7, characterized in that, The central switching mechanism (8) includes: Fixed abutment blocks (81) are fixedly installed on the top and bottom of the inner wall of the central flow chamber (7), respectively. The two fixed abutment blocks (81) are arranged in a mirror image symmetrically, and a flow gap (811) is formed between the two fixed abutment blocks (81). The movable abutment block (82) is movably disposed in the central circulation chamber (7), located above and below the circulation gap (811) respectively. Each movable abutment block (82) has a first inclined abutment surface (821) on the side close to the corresponding fixed abutment block (81), and the fixed abutment block (81) has a second inclined abutment surface (812) on the side close to the corresponding movable abutment block (82). A control component (83) is disposed between the upper and lower movable abutment blocks (82) for driving the two movable abutment blocks (82) to move towards each other or away from each other, so that the first inclined abutment surface (821) and the second inclined abutment surface (812) fit together to close the flow gap (811), or to separate the first inclined abutment surface (821) and the second inclined abutment surface (812) to open the flow gap (811).

10. A distribution box with wind and sand protection function according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control component (83) includes: The central fixed seat (831) is fixedly installed inside the central circulation compartment (7); A through guide rod (832) is arranged in a linear array along the length of the central fixed seat (831) and vertically through the upper and lower movable abutment blocks (82). An end limiting plate (8321) is fixedly installed at the end of the through guide rod (832) to constrain the movement stroke of the movable abutment block (82). The second electric telescopic rod (833) is fixedly installed on the central fixed base (831). The telescopic ends of the second electric telescopic rod (833) are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding movable abutment blocks (82) for driving the movable abutment blocks (82) to slide along the through guide rod (832).

Images