An adaptive protection device for a floating photovoltaic cable landing section

Abstract

The application provides a kind of self-adaptive protection device of floating photovoltaic cable landing section, it is related to cable laying technical field, including multistage articulated buoy assembly, tidal self-adaptive length adjusting mechanism, gradually variable stiffness transition section and cable clamping and guiding system;Multistage articulated buoy assembly includes a plurality of sequentially arranged buoy units, each buoy unit is connected by hinged structure, cable guide channel for cable threading is provided in buoy unit, and angle limiting mechanism is provided in hinged structure;Tidal self-adaptive length adjusting mechanism is arranged at the landing end of cable on the shore, and the tidal self-adaptive length adjusting mechanism includes guide bracket, pulley block and counterweight;Gradually variable stiffness transition section is arranged between cable and shore fixed structure, and gradually variable stiffness transition section includes a plurality of elastic support units;Cable clamping and guiding system is arranged in buoy unit, and cable clamping and guiding system includes cable clamping piece, buffer pad and guide roller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable laying technology, and in particular to an adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, floating photovoltaic (PV) power generation technology is increasingly being applied to aquatic environments such as lakes, reservoirs, and nearshore areas. Floating PV systems utilize photovoltaic module platforms on the water surface to deploy solar power generation devices. Compared to traditional ground-mounted PV power generation, this effectively saves land resources and improves the efficiency of water space utilization. During the operation of a floating PV field, the electricity generated typically needs to be transmitted to a shore-based collection station or grid connection via power cables laid on the water. The cable journey from the floating PV field to the shore involves complex conditions such as water surface fluctuations, tidal changes, and constraints from fixed shore structures.

[0003] Because the landing section of the cable is simultaneously subjected to the movement of the floating body, wave impact, water level changes, and its own weight, its stress and bending state will continuously adjust with environmental changes. Therefore, how to ensure the long-term stable operation of the landing section of the floating photovoltaic cable and avoid cable damage caused by excessive bending, tension fluctuations, and stress concentration at the connection has become an important technical problem in the construction, operation, and maintenance of floating photovoltaic projects.

[0004] However, existing technologies still have certain shortcomings: On the one hand, to ensure the bending safety of the cable throughout its entire length, a large number of bending limiters are usually densely arranged along the cable laying direction, resulting in a large amount of material usage, complex installation procedures, and an increase in the overall weight of the cable and resistance to movement in the water; on the other hand, the periodic changes in tidal water levels cause the cable's suspension length to change continuously, causing repeated tension fluctuations in the cable and accelerating cable fatigue aging; in addition, there is a significant abrupt change in stiffness at the connection point between the cable and the rigid fixed structure on the shore, making the connection area prone to stress concentration and becoming a high-risk location for cable failure; at the same time, traditional pontoons mostly use rigid connection methods, and the relative movement between the pontoons under the action of waves will further increase the bending stress of the cable. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the existing technical problem of difficulty in achieving coordinated control of bending deformation, tension fluctuations, and structural stress in the landing section of floating photovoltaic cables, which leads to a high risk of cable fatigue damage and fails to meet the requirements for long-term reliable operation in complex aquatic environments, this invention provides an adaptive protection device for the landing section of floating photovoltaic cables.

[0006] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: An adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a multi-stage articulated float assembly, a tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism, a gradually changing stiffness transition section, and a cable clamping and guiding system. The multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly includes multiple pontoon units arranged sequentially. Each pontoon unit is connected by an articulated structure. Each pontoon unit is provided with a cable guide channel for cable to pass through. The articulated structure is provided with an angle limiting mechanism, which is used to limit the maximum relative rotation angle between adjacent pontoon units. The tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism is located at the shore landing end of the cable. The tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism includes a guide bracket, a pulley block mounted on the guide bracket, and a counterweight. The cable is wound around the pulley block and connected to the counterweight. The gradually stiffening transition section is disposed between the cable and the fixed structure on the shore, and the gradually stiffening transition section includes multiple elastic support units; The cable clamping and guiding system is disposed within the float unit, and the cable clamping and guiding system includes cable clamping components, buffer pads, and guide rollers; The multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly provides buoyancy support and limits the bending radius of the cable. The tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism automatically adjusts the length of the cable according to water level changes. The gradually stiffening transition section enables a flexible transition between the cable and the fixed structure on the shore. The cable clamping and guiding system is used to position, prevent abrasion, and guide the cable, thus achieving adaptive bending protection for the landing section of the floating photovoltaic field cable.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: In this embodiment of the invention, by setting up a multi-stage articulated float assembly, the articulation between multiple float units enables the protective device to rotate adaptively with water surface fluctuations, and excessive bending is limited by an angle limiting structure. This effectively controls the cable bending radius while providing buoyancy support, preventing fatigue damage to the cable due to excessive bending. By setting up a tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism, the cable's suspension length is automatically adjusted according to tidal level changes using a pulley system and counterweight, keeping the cable tension within a stable range and reducing tensile fatigue caused by periodic tidal changes. By setting up a gradually changing stiffness transition section, the cable smoothly transitions from a rigid fixed area on the shore to a flexible area in the water, effectively mitigating abrupt changes in stiffness at the connection point, reducing stress concentration, and improving the structural reliability of the cable landing section. Simultaneously, the cable clamping and guiding system positions, buffers, and guides the cable, reducing friction, collision, and wear between the cable and the protective structure. In summary, this invention enables adaptive bending protection, tidal tension adjustment, and connection stress relief for the landing section of floating photovoltaic field cables in complex aquatic environments, thereby improving the long-term stability and reliability of the cables, extending their service life, and reducing construction, installation, and subsequent maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a multi-stage articulated float assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a pontoon unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a hinged structure angle limiting mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a gradually stiffening transition section structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a cable clamping and guiding system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Reference numerals: 1-Multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly, 2-Tide-adaptive length adjustment mechanism, 3-Gradual stiffness transition section, 4-Cable, 5-Shoreside fixing structure, 10-Pontoon unit, 11-Articulated structure, 12-Cable guide channel, 13-Angle limiting mechanism, 14-Buoyancy cavity, 15-Wear-resistant buffer layer, 16-Connecting flange, 21-Pulley block, 22-Counterweight block, 23-Guide bracket, 24-Tension sensor, 25-Damping adjuster, 31-Elastic support unit, 32-Rigid fixed end, 41-Cable clamp, 42-Buffer pad, 43-Guide roller.

[0017] As shown in the figure, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure to clearly illustrate the structure of the embodiments of the present invention. However, this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to this specific structure, device and environment. Those skilled in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environments according to specific needs. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can use other alternative methods to implement some well-known technologies. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable, comprising: a multi-stage articulated float assembly 1, a tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism 2, a gradually changing stiffness transition section 3, and a cable clamping and guiding system.

[0020] The multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly 1 includes multiple pontoon units 10 arranged sequentially. Each pontoon unit 10 is connected by an articulated structure 11. The pontoon unit 10 is provided with a cable guide channel 12 for the cable 4 to pass through. The articulated structure 11 is provided with an angle limiting mechanism 13, which is used to limit the maximum relative rotation angle between adjacent pontoon units 10.

[0021] The tide-adaptive length adjustment mechanism 2 is located at the shore landing end of the cable 4. The tide-adaptive length adjustment mechanism 2 includes a guide bracket 23, a pulley block 21 set on the guide bracket 23, and a counterweight block 22. The cable 4 is wound around the pulley block 21 and connected to the counterweight block 22.

[0022] The gradually stiffening transition section 3 is located between the cable 4 and the shore fixed structure 5, and the gradually stiffening transition section 3 includes multiple elastic support units 31.

[0023] It should be noted that the gradual stiffness transition section 3 includes at least three elastic support units 31. The multiple elastic support units 31 are cast from polyurethane materials with different stiffnesses and are arranged in a manner that gradually decreases in stiffness from the shore fixed structure 5 to the sea area.

[0024] The elastic support unit 31 is made of polyurethane material, and the material hardness of different elastic support units 31 decreases sequentially along the cable extension direction.

[0025] The cable clamping and guiding system is located inside the float unit 10. The cable clamping and guiding system includes a cable clamping component 41, a buffer pad 42, and a guide roller 43.

[0026] The multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly 1 provides buoyancy support and limits the bending radius of the cable 4. The tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism 2 automatically adjusts the length of the cable 4 according to water level changes. The gradual stiffness transition section 3 achieves a flexible transition between the cable and the fixed structure 5 on the shore. The cable clamping and guiding system is used to position, prevent abrasion and guide the cable 4, thus achieving adaptive bending protection for the landing section of the floating photovoltaic field cable.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the main structure of the adaptive bending protection device for floating photovoltaic field cables consists of a multi-stage articulated buoy assembly 1, a tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism 2, a gradually changing stiffness transition section 3, and a cable clamping and guiding system. The cable 4 extends from the floating photovoltaic field to the shore, relying on the multi-stage articulated buoy assembly 1 for full-length buoyancy support and bending protection. After adaptive adjustment and stress buffering by the tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism 2 and the gradually changing stiffness transition section 3, it is finally stably connected to the fixed structure 5 on the shore. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the multi-stage articulated float assembly 1 is formed by connecting multiple independent float units 10 in series via an articulated structure 11. Each float unit 10 is made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), has an overall cylindrical structure, and a single unit length of 1.5-2 meters and a diameter of 0.5-0.8 meters. The float unit 10 has a closed buoyancy chamber 14 inside, which provides stable buoyancy for the entire assembly, ensuring the cable remains suspended on the water surface. A cable guide channel 12 is reserved at the central axis of the float unit 10 for the cable 4 to pass through and be laid. A wear-resistant buffer layer 15 of polyurethane rubber, 10-20mm thick, is attached to the inner wall of the cable guide channel 12 to effectively buffer the impact of collision between the cable and the float, reducing cable wear and loss. Figure 4As shown, a hinge structure 11 is provided at the connection between adjacent float units 10, using a stainless steel pin hinge method to meet the multi-angle adaptive rotation requirements of the float units. The hinge structure 11 is equipped with an angle limiting mechanism 13, consisting of limiting protrusions and limiting grooves located on the end faces of two adjacent floats. When the float units rotate relative to each other to their limit positions, the limiting protrusions and limiting grooves engage and lock, preventing the floats from bending further. In this embodiment, the maximum bending angle of the float unit is limited to 15°-30°, corresponding to a cable bending radius not less than 15-20 times the cable diameter, strictly conforming to cable safety bending specifications and preventing excessive cable bending damage. Based on the above structural design, the multi-stage hinged float assembly 1 can autonomously suspend on the water surface. Water surface fluctuations caused by waves and tides can be adaptively adapted through the hinged rotation of the float units, while the angle limiting mechanism locks the maximum bending amplitude, ensuring that the cable bending radius is always within a safe range, achieving full-process passive bending protection. Compared to traditional protection solutions, this device does not require bending limiters to be installed along the entire cable. Only a small number of protective structures need to be installed at key nodes such as the site and shoreline, which greatly reduces equipment investment and lowers construction and maintenance costs.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the float unit 10 is made of high-density polyethylene material.

[0029] The float unit 10 is equipped with a closed buoyancy chamber 14, and the cable guide channel 12 is located at the central axis of the float unit 10.

[0030] The inner wall of the cable guide channel 12 is provided with a wear-resistant buffer layer 15.

[0031] It should be noted that, through the above-described design, the float unit is made of high-density polyethylene, which improves the structure's corrosion resistance and resistance to seawater aging, meeting the requirements of long-term operation in aquatic environments. The enclosed buoyancy chamber provides stable and continuous buoyancy support, keeping the cable in a proper suspended state. Simultaneously, the cable guide channel located at the central axis ensures uniform cable stress, and, combined with the wear-resistant buffer layer, effectively reduces friction and collision between the cable and the float, improving the safety and reliability of the cable during operation.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the angle limiting mechanism 13 includes a limiting protrusion and a limiting groove disposed at the connecting end of the float unit 10. The limiting protrusion and the limiting groove cooperate with each other to limit the maximum rotation angle of adjacent float units 10.

[0033] It should be noted that by using the mechanical cooperation of the limiting protrusion and the limiting groove to constrain the rotation range of adjacent float units, excessive bending between float units can be avoided, thereby preventing cable damage due to excessive local curvature. At the same time, this structure can achieve passive limiting without additional power control, improving the stability and reliability of the protective device structure.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism 2 further includes a tension sensor 24 and a damping regulator 25.

[0035] Tension sensor 24 is used to detect the real-time tension status of cable 4.

[0036] The damping regulator 25 is used to adjust the motion damping of the counterweight 22 according to the detection signal of the tension sensor 24, so as to suppress the dynamic oscillation of the cable 4.

[0037] It should be noted that the tension sensor can acquire the stress change state of the cable in real time during operation, and the movement of the counterweight can be dynamically adjusted by the damping regulator. This allows the length adjustment mechanism to adapt to different water level changes and wave disturbance conditions, effectively reducing cable tension fluctuations and dynamic oscillations, improving the stability of the cable during long-term operation, and reducing the risk of fatigue damage.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the cable clamp 41 adopts a split structure and achieves closed clamping through fasteners.

[0039] An elastic anti-slip layer is provided on the inner side of the cable clamp 41 to limit the axial movement of the cable 4.

[0040] It should be noted that the split structure facilitates the installation, disassembly, and maintenance of the cable clamps, improving on-site construction convenience. The elastic anti-slip layer reduces localized pressure on the cable's outer sheath while ensuring clamping stability, preventing axial movement of the cable and improving the cable's positioning accuracy and operational safety inside the float.

[0041] In one possible implementation, guide rollers 43 are disposed at the entrance and exit positions of the cable guide channel 12 and are evenly arranged along the circumference of the cable 4. The guide rollers 43 are used to reduce the frictional resistance during the movement of the cable 4.

[0042] It should be noted that the guide rollers can smoothly guide the movement of the cable as it enters and leaves the float unit, reducing sliding friction resistance when the cable is displaced by tidal changes or wave disturbances, reducing wear on the outer surface of the cable, and improving the flexibility of the cable movement adjustment process.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the elastic support unit 31 is made of polyurethane material.

[0044] It should be noted that the use of polyurethane material to make elastic support units gives the transition structure good elastic buffering capacity and fatigue resistance. It can form a flexible connection between the cable and the fixed structure on the shore, alleviate the stiffness difference between the rigid structure and the flexible cable, reduce stress concentration in the connection area, and improve the structural stability of the cable landing section.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly 1 is provided with connecting flanges 16 at both ends, which are used to connect the multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly 1 to the shore-fixed structure 5.

[0046] It should be noted that setting connecting flanges at both ends of the multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly can improve the reliability of the connection between the protective device and the fixed structure on the shore. At the same time, it facilitates the rapid installation and disassembly of the components, which helps to reduce the difficulty of on-site construction and improve the efficiency of later maintenance and replacement of the device.

[0047] In one possible implementation, it also includes a condition monitoring system.

[0048] The condition monitoring system includes an angle sensor installed at the hinge structure 11, a stress sensor installed at the cable clamp 41, and a water level sensor installed on the shore. The condition monitoring system is used to collect the device's operating status parameters and realize remote monitoring.

[0049] It should be noted that the status monitoring system can acquire information on angle changes, cable stress status, and water level changes in real time during the operation of the device, enabling online monitoring and early warning of anomalies in the operation of the protection device. This facilitates maintenance personnel in timely detection of potential faults and the implementation of maintenance measures, thereby improving the intelligent management level and long-term operational reliability of the device.

[0050] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism 2 is fixedly installed at the cable's landing end on the shore. Its core components include a pulley block 21, a counterweight block 22, and a guide support 23. The guide support 23 is fixedly installed on a concrete foundation on the shore. The pulley block 21, comprising fixed and movable pulleys, is mounted on top of the guide support 23. The cable 4 passes through the pulley block 21 and its end is securely connected to the counterweight block 22. The counterweight block 22 is made of cast iron, with a single unit weighing 50-200 kg. The number can be increased or decreased according to the cable's design tension requirements, allowing for precise adjustment of the counterweight. When the tide level rises, the multi-stage articulated float assembly 1 rises synchronously with the water surface, increasing the required suspension length of the cable 4. The counterweight block 22 automatically descends under gravity, releasing excess cable length through the pulley block 21 to compensate for the suspension. When the tide level falls, the float assembly sinks with the water surface, and the counterweight block 22 automatically rises, retracting excess cable length and preventing cable slack and accumulation. By adjusting the counterweight adaptively, the effects of tidal level fluctuations can be offset in real time, keeping the cable tension in a stable state.

[0051] Furthermore, the tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism 2 is also equipped with a tension sensor 24 and a damping regulator 25. The tension sensor 24 monitors the dynamic tension value of the cable in real time, and the damping regulator 25 is installed at the position of the counterweight guide rod. It adopts the hydraulic damping control principle and can dynamically adjust the damping force according to the tension monitoring signal. When wave disturbance causes the cable to oscillate rapidly, the damping regulator automatically increases the damping force to suppress the oscillation amplitude of the cable and avoid fatigue damage to the cable caused by dynamic impact.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, the gradually changing stiffness transition section 3 is located at the junction of the cable 4 and the shore-fixed structure 5. It consists of three elastic support units 31, arranged sequentially from the rigid fixed end 32 on the shore to the free end in the sea. Each elastic support unit 31 is cast from polyurethane material of different hardness, with hardnesses of Shore A90, Shore A70, and Shore A50 respectively, decreasing gradually from the shore to the sea to form a smooth stiffness transition range. The length of a single elastic support unit is set to 0.5-1 meter, with a cable through-hole reserved in the center for cable installation. This gradually changing stiffness design completely improves the drawbacks of abrupt stiffness changes in traditional rigid fixed structures, effectively dispersing concentrated stress at the connection point. It can reduce the maximum bending stress under dynamic load on the cable by more than 50%, significantly improving the fatigue life and overall stability of the cable connection.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, the cable clamping and guiding system is integrated inside each pontoon unit 10, mainly composed of cable clamping components 41, buffer pads 42, and guide rollers 43. The cable clamping components 41 adopt an upper and lower split structure, and are locked with bolts to precisely fix the cable at the center of the pontoon. A rubber elastic anti-slip layer is provided on the inner surface of the clamping components, which can effectively improve clamping friction and prevent axial movement of the cable. The buffer pads 42 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cable guiding channel 12, which can buffer the collision and compression between the cable and the pontoon wall. Four guide rollers 43 are provided, evenly distributed along the circumference of the channel inlet and outlet. The roller axis is perpendicular to the cable axis, providing rolling guidance during axial movement of the cable, significantly reducing frictional resistance and preventing scratches and damage to the cable sheath. Both ends of the multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly 1 are equipped with stainless steel connecting flanges 16, which enable quick assembly between components and between components and the shore-side fixing structure via bolts. Rubber seals are provided at the connecting flange positions to effectively prevent seawater from entering the cable channel and ensure the cable's sealing and protection performance. Meanwhile, the status monitoring system on this device includes angle sensors installed at the articulated structure, stress sensors at the cable clamps, and water level sensors installed on the shore. These sensors transmit real-time operating data to the remote monitoring platform via underwater cables or wireless communication, enabling maintenance personnel to monitor the device's operating status in real time, promptly identify and handle equipment anomalies, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0054] This invention also provides a method for laying a floating photovoltaic cable landing section, applied to the adaptive protection device of the aforementioned floating photovoltaic cable landing section, the method comprising: S1: Construct a shore foundation at the preset cable landing location, and install the tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism 2 and the gradual stiffness transition section 3 at the shore fixed structure 5.

[0055] S2: Pull the cable 4 on the side of the floating photovoltaic field to the landing position on the shore, so that the cable 4 passes through the gradually stiffening transition section 3 in sequence and is wound around the pulley block 21 of the tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism 2.

[0056] S3: Determine the number of float units 10 based on the length of cable 4, and thread cable 4 sequentially into the cable guide channel 12 of each float unit 10.

[0057] S4: The assembled multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly 1 is hoisted to the water surface, so that one end of the multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly 1 is connected and fixed to the shore fixed structure 5, and the other end of the multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly 1 is extended and deployed along the direction of the floating photovoltaic field area.

[0058] S5: Adjust the weight of the counterweight 22 according to the design operating status of the cable 4, and automatically adjust the suspension length of the cable 4 during the tidal water level change through the cooperation of the pulley block 21 and the counterweight 22.

[0059] S6: Debug the status monitoring system and monitor the adaptive protection device through the debugged status monitoring system.

[0060] Specifically, this invention enables standardized installation and commissioning of a protective device for the landing section of floating photovoltaic cables. By pre-constructing the shoreline foundation and installing adjustment mechanisms and stiffness transition structures, stable support conditions are provided for cable landing. Precise control of the cable laying path is achieved by sequentially threading the cable through a gradually stiffening transition section, a tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism, and float units. By configuring the number of float units according to the cable length and deploying a multi-level articulated float assembly, the cable receives continuous buoyancy support and bending constraints. Adjusting the counterweight parameters allows the device to automatically adjust the cable suspension length according to tidal changes, reducing cable tension fluctuations. Simultaneously, a status monitoring system monitors the device's operating status in real time, enabling abnormal early warning and intelligent maintenance, thus improving the installation efficiency, environmental adaptability, and long-term operational reliability of the floating photovoltaic cable landing section.

[0061] This invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of this invention. To provide the public with a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the preferred embodiments, while those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding of the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable, characterized in that, include: Multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly (1), tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism (2), gradually varying stiffness transition section (3), and cable clamping and guiding system; The multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly (1) includes multiple pontoon units (10) arranged sequentially. Each pontoon unit (10) is connected to the other via an articulated structure (11). Each pontoon unit (10) has a cable guide channel (12) for the cable (4) to pass through. The articulated structure (11) is provided with an angle limiting mechanism (13). The angle limiting mechanism (13) is used to limit the maximum relative rotation angle between adjacent pontoon units (10). The tide-adaptive length adjustment mechanism (2) is located at the shore landing end of the cable (4). The tide-adaptive length adjustment mechanism (2) includes a guide bracket (23), a pulley block (21) on the guide bracket (23), and a counterweight (22). The cable (4) is wound around the pulley block (21) and connected to the counterweight (22). The gradually stiffening transition section (3) is disposed between the cable (4) and the shore fixed structure (5), and the gradually stiffening transition section (3) includes multiple elastic support units (31). The cable clamping and guiding system is located inside the float unit (10). The cable clamping and guiding system includes a cable clamp (41), a buffer pad (42), and a guide roller (43). The multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly (1) provides buoyancy support and limits the bending radius of the cable (4). The tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism (2) automatically adjusts the length of the cable (4) according to the water level change. The gradual stiffness transition section (3) realizes the flexible transition between the cable and the shore fixed structure (5). The cable clamping and guiding system realizes the positioning, anti-wear and guidance of the cable (4), and realizes the adaptive bending protection of the landing section of the floating photovoltaic field cable.

2. The adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The float unit (10) is made of high-density polyethylene material; The float unit (10) is provided with a closed buoyancy cavity (14), and the cable guide channel (12) is located at the central axis of the float unit (10). The inner wall of the cable guide channel (12) is provided with a wear-resistant buffer layer (15).

3. The adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle limiting mechanism (13) includes a limiting protrusion and a limiting groove disposed at the connecting end of the float unit (10). The limiting protrusion and the limiting groove cooperate with each other to limit the maximum rotation angle of adjacent float units (10).

4. The adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism (2) further includes: a tension sensor (24) and a damping regulator (25); The tension sensor (24) is used to detect the real-time tension status of the cable (4); The damping regulator (25) is used to adjust the motion damping of the counterweight (22) according to the detection signal of the tension sensor (24) to suppress the dynamic oscillation of the cable (4).

5. The adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable clamp (41) adopts a split structure and achieves closed clamping through fasteners; The inner side of the cable clamp (41) is provided with an elastic anti-slip layer, which is used to restrict the axial movement of the cable (4).

6. The adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide rollers (43) are located at the entrance and exit of the cable guide channel (12) and are evenly arranged along the circumference of the cable (4). The guide rollers (43) are used to reduce the frictional resistance of the cable (4) during its movement.

7. The adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic support unit (31) is made of polyurethane material.

8. The adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly (1) is provided with connecting flanges (16) at both ends, and the connecting flanges (16) are used to connect the multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly (1) to the shore fixed structure (5).

9. The adaptive protection device for the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: a condition monitoring system; The status monitoring system includes an angle sensor installed at the hinge structure (11), a stress sensor installed at the cable clamp (41), and a water level sensor installed on the shore. The status monitoring system is used to collect device operating status parameters and realize remote monitoring.

10. A method for laying the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable, characterized in that, An adaptive protection device applied to the landing section of a floating photovoltaic cable according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising: S1: Construct a shore foundation at the preset cable landing location, and install the tidal adaptive length adjustment mechanism (2) and the gradual stiffness transition section (3) at the shore fixed structure (5); S2: Pull the cable (4) on the side of the floating photovoltaic field to the landing position on the shore, so that the cable (4) passes through the gradually stiffening transition section (3) in sequence and is wound around the pulley group (21) of the tide adaptive length adjustment mechanism (2). S3: Determine the number of float units (10) according to the length of the cable (4), and thread the cable (4) into the cable guide channel (12) of each float unit (10) in sequence. S4: The assembled multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly (1) is hoisted to the water surface, so that one end of the multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly (1) is connected and fixed to the shore fixed structure (5), and the other end of the multi-stage articulated pontoon assembly (1) is extended and laid along the direction of the floating photovoltaic field. S5: Adjust the weight of the counterweight (22) according to the design operating status of the cable (4), and automatically adjust the suspension length of the cable (4) during the tidal water level change through the cooperation of the pulley group (21) and the counterweight (22). S6: Debug the status monitoring system and monitor the adaptive protection device through the debugged status monitoring system.

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