A power distribution cabinet fault safety management control system

Abstract

The application discloses a power distribution cabinet fault safety management control system and relates to the technical field of power distribution cabinets. The system comprises a power distribution cabinet power distribution module, is used for connecting direct-current electric energy and power distribution, carries out short-circuit protection through corresponding direct-current circuit breakers on three output branches, controls the reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer of the charging capacitor of the direct-current circuit breaker and carries out arcless power-off treatment on the control switch of the direct-current circuit breaker during the fault opening stage of the direct-current circuit breaker, adjusts the reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer state and maintains the charging capacitor in a preset voltage state. Compared with the prior art, the power distribution cabinet fault safety management control system has the beneficial effects that when a short-circuit fault occurs, zero-current action is realized, arcless power-off is completed, the intelligent detection switch action delay is adopted, a multiple redundancy parallel mechanism is used, mechanical aging is compensated and the system fault tolerance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power distribution cabinet technology, specifically a power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system. Background Technology

[0002] In low-voltage power distribution systems, the distribution cabinet, as the core equipment for power distribution and control, directly affects the stable operation of the entire power supply system due to its safety and reliability. However, direct current (DC) differs from alternating current (AC) in that it lacks a natural zero-crossing point. This poses a significant challenge to short-circuit fault protection in DC distribution cabinets. Currently, DC distribution cabinets commonly use DC circuit breakers as short-circuit protection devices for output branches. Traditional DC circuit breakers are prone to generating continuous electric arcs between contacts when interrupting large-current faults. This not only severely erodes the contacts and shortens the circuit breaker's lifespan but may also lead to arc extinguishing failure, causing equipment damage or even fires and other safety accidents. To suppress electric arcs… Some existing technologies attempt to add arc-extinguishing devices or use solid-state switching devices, but the former is bulky and expensive, while the latter has problems such as large conduction losses and limited withstand voltage. It is difficult to achieve efficient arc-free breaking while taking into account both economy and reliability. In addition, during long-term operation of DC circuit breakers, the control switches of DC circuit breakers, i.e., mechanical switches, also have aging problems such as contact wear and spring fatigue. The control switches of DC circuit breakers may experience delays in switching action or failure to break. When the performance of the circuit breaker deteriorates, it is often impossible to provide early warning or proactive intervention, thereby reducing the fault tolerance and power supply safety of the system. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system is provided, comprising:

[0005] The power distribution module of the power distribution cabinet is used to connect DC power and distribute it. It provides short-circuit protection through the corresponding DC circuit breakers on the three output branches. During the fault opening phase of the DC circuit breaker, it controls the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer, and performs arc-free power-off processing on the control switch of the DC circuit breaker. It adjusts the reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states and maintains the charging capacitor at the preset voltage state.

[0006] The output module is connected to the power distribution module of the power distribution cabinet and is used to receive DC power from the three output branches;

[0007] The status detection module is connected to the output module and is used to detect the current and process the signals of the three branches of the output module and output the first detection signal, the second detection signal and the third detection signal respectively. Based on the status of the first detection signal, the second detection signal and the third detection signal, the power failure detection is performed and the first power failure signal, the second power failure signal and the third power failure signal are output respectively.

[0008] The microcontroller module, connected to the output module, the power distribution module of the distribution cabinet, the status detection module, and the auxiliary module, is used to receive the first detection signal, the second detection signal, and the third detection signal. When a short circuit fault occurs in one of the three output branches, it controls the charging capacitor of the corresponding DC circuit breaker on the faulty branch to sequentially perform reverse discharge, reverse charging, and current transfer. The reverse discharge, reverse charging, and current transfer states can be adjusted by adjusting the charging voltage of the charging capacitor. During the stage between reverse discharge and reverse charging, the control switch of the DC circuit breaker is separated and timed operation begins. After the corresponding DC circuit breaker completes the power outage, the timer stops and the switching time is recorded. When the switching time exceeds the set timer threshold, the control auxiliary module connects the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker that is not transmitting power in parallel with the charging capacitor of the first detected DC circuit breaker whose switching timer exceeds the timer threshold.

[0009] The auxiliary module, connected to the power distribution module of the distribution cabinet, is used to connect the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker that is not transmitting power in parallel with the charging capacitor of the first detected DC circuit breaker whose switching time exceeds the timing threshold by changing the power transmission path.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the power distribution module of the power distribution cabinet includes a power supply unit, a first power distribution unit, a second power distribution unit and a third power distribution unit;

[0011] The power supply unit is used to connect to DC power.

[0012] The first power distribution unit is connected to the power supply unit and is used as the first output branch to transmit DC power. The corresponding DC circuit breaker on the output branch is in the fault opening stage. The charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker is controlled to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer and to perform arc-free power-off. The reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states are adjusted and the charging capacitor is kept at a preset voltage state.

[0013] The second power distribution unit is connected to the power supply unit and is used as the second output branch to transmit DC power. During the fault opening stage of the corresponding DC circuit breaker on the output branch, the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker is controlled to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer and to perform arc-free power-off processing. The reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states are adjusted and the charging capacitor is maintained at a preset voltage state.

[0014] The third power distribution unit is connected to the power supply unit and is used as the third output branch to transmit DC power. During the fault opening phase of the corresponding DC circuit breaker on the output branch, it controls the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer and performs arc-free power-off processing, adjusts the reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states and maintains the charging capacitor at the preset voltage state.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the state detection module includes a current detection unit and a power failure detection unit;

[0016] The current detection unit is used to detect and process the current in the three branches of the output module and output the first detection signal, the second detection signal and the third detection signal respectively.

[0017] The power failure detection unit, connected to the current detection unit, is used to perform power failure detection. When the first detection signal is stopped, it outputs a first power failure signal; when the second detection signal is stopped, it outputs a second power failure signal; and when the third detection signal is stopped, it outputs a third power failure signal.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the power supply unit includes a power distribution cabinet interface; the first power distribution unit includes a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a seventh diode, a first capacitor, a first thyristor, a second thyristor, a third thyristor, a fourth thyristor, a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a first control switch, and a first varistor; the output module includes a first port and a first resistor; the microcontroller module includes a first controller;

[0019] Preferably, the first end of the distribution cabinet interface is connected to the anode of the first diode; the cathode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the seventh diode, and the anode of the first thyristor, and is connected to the anode of the third diode via the first power supply; the cathode of the third diode is connected to the first end of the first capacitor and one end of the first varistor, and is connected to the anode of the second thyristor via the second inductor; the cathode of the second thyristor is connected to the cathode of the third thyristor, the other end of the first varistor, the anode of the seventh diode, the stationary terminal of the first control switch, and the first end of the first port; the cathode of the second diode is connected to the first control... The moving terminal of the switch, the control terminal of the first control switch, the control terminal of the first thyristor, the control terminal of the second thyristor, the control terminal of the third thyristor, and the control terminal of the fourth thyristor are respectively connected to the IO9, IO1, IO2, IO3, and IO4 terminals of the first controller. The cathode of the second diode is connected to the moving terminal of the first control switch. The second terminal of the first port is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor. The second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the cathode of the fourth thyristor and the ground terminal. The cathode of the first thyristor is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor and the anode of the third thyristor, and is connected to the anode of the fourth thyristor through the third inductor.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the second power distribution unit includes a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a sixth diode, an eighth diode, a fifth thyristor, a sixth thyristor, a seventh thyristor, an eighth thyristor, a fourth inductor, a fifth inductor, a sixth inductor, a second varistor, and a second control switch; the output module also includes a second port and a second resistor;

[0021] Preferably, the anode of the fourth diode is connected to the first end of the distribution cabinet interface; the cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode, the anode of the fifth thyristor, and the anode of the sixth diode, and is connected to the anode of the fifth diode through the sixth inductor; the cathode of the sixth diode is connected to the moving end of the second control switch; the cathode of the fifth diode is connected to the first end of the second capacitor and one end of the second varistor, and is connected to the anode of the sixth thyristor through the fifth inductor; the cathode of the fifth thyristor is connected to the second end of the second capacitor and the anode of the seventh thyristor, and is connected to the anode of the eighth thyristor through the fourth inductor; the pin of the sixth thyristor is connected to the cathode of the seventh thyristor, the other end of the second varistor, the anode of the eighth diode, the stationary end of the second control switch, and the first end of the second port; the second end of the second port is connected to the first end of the second resistor; the second end of the second resistor is connected to the cathode of the eighth thyristor and ground; the control terminals of the fifth thyristor, the sixth thyristor, the seventh thyristor, the eighth thyristor, and the second control switch are respectively connected to the IO5, IO6, IO7, and IO10 terminals of the first controller.

[0022] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the third power distribution unit includes a circuit breaker device and an output device;

[0023] Preferably, the power supply terminal of the circuit breaker device is connected to the first terminal of the distribution cabinet interface, the first output terminal of the circuit breaker device is connected to the input terminal of the output device, the grounding terminal of the circuit breaker device is connected to the grounding terminal and ground terminal of the output device, and the sampling terminal of the output device is connected to the status detection module.

[0024] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the auxiliary module includes a first electronic switch, a second electronic switch, a third electronic switch, a fourth electronic switch, a fifth electronic switch and a sixth electronic switch;

[0025] Preferably, one end of the first electronic switch and one end of the second electronic switch are respectively connected to the first and second ends of the circuit breaker device; the other end of the second electronic switch is connected to one end of the fifth electronic switch and one end of the fourth electronic switch; the other end of the first electronic switch is connected to one end of the sixth electronic switch and one end of the third electronic switch; the other ends of the third electronic switch and the fourth electronic switch are respectively connected to the second and first ends of the first capacitor; the other ends of the fifth electronic switch and the sixth electronic switch are respectively connected to the first and second ends of the second capacitor; the control terminals of the first and second electronic switches are both connected to the IO11 terminal of the first controller; the control terminals of the third and fourth electronic switches are both connected to the IO12 terminal of the first controller; and the control terminals of the fifth and sixth electronic switches are both connected to the IO13 terminal of the first controller.

[0026] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the current detection unit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor and a first operational amplifier; the power-off detection unit includes a seventh resistor, a first optocoupler, an eighth resistor and a first voltage regulator.

[0027] Preferably, the inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the fifth resistor and then to the first end of the first resistor via the third resistor; the non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the sixth resistor and then to the second end of the first resistor via the fourth resistor; the other end of the sixth resistor is grounded; the output of the first operational amplifier is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor and the IO15 terminal of the first controller and then to the first end of the first optocoupler via the seventh resistor; the second end of the first optocoupler is grounded; the third end of the first optocoupler is connected to the IO14 terminal of the first controller and then to the first voltage regulator via the eighth resistor; the fourth end of the first optocoupler is grounded.

[0028] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the current detection unit further includes a first detection device; the power failure detection unit includes a second detection device;

[0029] Preferably, the first detection terminal and the second detection terminal of the first detection device are respectively connected to the first terminal and the second terminal of the second resistor, the output terminal of the first detection device is connected to the input terminal of the second detection device and the IO16 terminal of the first controller, and the output terminal of the second detection device is connected to the IO17 terminal of the first controller.

[0030] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the current detection unit further includes a third detection device; the power failure detection unit includes a fourth detection device;

[0031] Preferably, the first and second detection terminals of the third detection device are connected to the sampling terminal and grounding terminal of the output device, respectively; the output terminal of the third detection device is connected to the input terminal of the fourth detection device and the IO18 terminal of the first controller; and the output terminal of the fourth detection device is connected to the IO19 terminal of the first controller.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The fault safety management and control system of the present invention controls the charging capacitors in the power distribution module of the power distribution cabinet to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer, so that the microcontroller module controls the control switch in the power distribution module of the power distribution cabinet to achieve zero current operation when a short circuit fault occurs, complete arc-free power interruption, eliminate arc hazards, extend switch life and ensure system safety. Furthermore, when a delay in switch operation is detected in the power distribution module of the power distribution cabinet, the charging capacitors of the DC circuit breakers in the idle branches of the power distribution module of the power distribution cabinet are automatically connected in parallel with the charging capacitors of the DC circuit breakers with delayed switch operation, increasing the discharge energy, compensating for mechanical aging, ensuring reliable interruption of the DC circuit breakers. The use of a multi-redundant parallel mechanism improves the fault tolerance of the system and enhances the safety of the power distribution cabinet. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of a power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of the power distribution module of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram illustrating the principle of the state detection module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 The present invention provides a circuit diagram of a power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a first circuit diagram of a state detection module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a second circuit diagram of the state detection module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a third circuit diagram of the state detection module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A fault safety management and control system for a power distribution cabinet includes: a power distribution module 1, an output module 2, a status detection module 3, an auxiliary module 4, and a microcontroller module 5.

[0043] The power distribution module 1 of the power distribution cabinet is used to connect DC power and distribute it. It provides short-circuit protection through the corresponding DC circuit breakers on the three output branches. During the fault opening phase of the DC circuit breaker, it controls the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer, and performs arc-free power-off processing on the control switch of the DC circuit breaker. It adjusts the reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states and maintains the charging capacitor at the preset voltage state.

[0044] Output module 2 is connected to power distribution module 1 in the power distribution cabinet and is used to receive DC power output from the three output branches;

[0045] The status detection module 3 is connected to the output module 2 and is used to perform current detection and signal processing on the three branches of the output module 2 and output the first detection signal, the second detection signal and the third detection signal respectively. Based on the status of the first detection signal, the second detection signal and the third detection signal, the power failure detection is performed and the first power failure signal, the second power failure signal and the third power failure signal are output respectively.

[0046] The microcontroller module 5 is connected to the output module 2, the power distribution module 1 of the power distribution cabinet, the status detection module 3, and the auxiliary module 4. It is used to receive the first detection signal, the second detection signal, and the third detection signal. When a short circuit fault occurs in one of the three output branches, it controls the charging capacitor of the corresponding DC circuit breaker on the faulty branch to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging, and current transfer in sequence. The reverse discharge, reverse charging, and current transfer states can be adjusted by adjusting the charging voltage of the charging capacitor. During the stage between reverse discharge and reverse charging, the control switch of the DC circuit breaker is separated and timed operation begins. After the corresponding DC circuit breaker completes the power outage, the timer stops and the switching time is recorded. When the switching time exceeds the set timer threshold, the auxiliary module 4 connects the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker that is not transmitting power in parallel with the charging capacitor of the first detected DC circuit breaker whose switching timer exceeds the timer threshold.

[0047] Auxiliary module 4, connected to power distribution module 1 of the power distribution cabinet, is used to connect the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker that is not transmitting power in parallel with the charging capacitor of the first detected DC circuit breaker whose switching time exceeds the timing threshold by changing the power transmission path.

[0048] Furthermore, the power distribution module 1 of the power distribution cabinet includes a power supply unit 101, a first power distribution unit 102, a second power distribution unit 103, and a third power distribution unit 104;

[0049] Power supply unit 101 is used to connect DC power;

[0050] The first power distribution unit 102 is connected to the power supply unit 101 and is used as the first output branch to transmit DC power. In the fault opening stage of the corresponding DC circuit breaker on the output branch, the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker is controlled to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer and to perform arc-free power-off processing. The reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states are adjusted and the charging capacitor is kept at a preset voltage state.

[0051] The second power distribution unit 103 is connected to the power supply unit 101 and is used as the second output branch to transmit DC power. During the fault opening stage of the corresponding DC circuit breaker on the output branch, the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker is controlled to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer and to perform arc-free power-off processing. The reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states are adjusted and the charging capacitor is kept at a preset voltage state.

[0052] The third power distribution unit 104 is connected to the power supply unit 101 and is used as the third output branch to transmit DC power. During the fault opening phase of the corresponding DC circuit breaker on the output branch, it controls the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer and performs arc-free power-off processing, adjusts the reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states and maintains the charging capacitor at a preset voltage state.

[0053] Furthermore, the status detection module 3 includes a current detection unit 301 and a power failure detection unit 302;

[0054] The current detection unit 301 is used to detect the current and process the signals of the three branches of the output module 2 and output the first detection signal, the second detection signal and the third detection signal respectively.

[0055] The power failure detection unit 302 is connected to the current detection unit 301 and is used to perform power failure detection. When the first detection signal is stopped, it outputs a first power failure signal; when the second detection signal is stopped, it outputs a second power failure signal; and when the third detection signal is stopped, it outputs a third power failure signal.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the aforementioned power distribution module 1 of the power distribution cabinet can be a power distribution circuit composed of a power distribution cabinet interface, charging capacitors, inductors, diodes, control switches, etc., which can perform three-way power distribution processing on the incoming DC power. Short-circuit power-off control is achieved through a DC circuit breaker on each branch, composed of charging capacitors, inductors, diodes, control switches, etc. During the fault opening phase, the DC circuit breaker controls the charging capacitor to reverse discharge, reverse charge, and current transfer to perform arc-free power-off processing on the control switch. Furthermore, the charging capacitor can be maintained at a preset voltage state by adjusting the reverse discharge, reverse charge, and current transfer states. This preset voltage state is the minimum pre-charge voltage that allows the control switch to reliably disconnect. The aforementioned output module 2 can be an output circuit composed of an output port, resistors, and output devices. The output ports of the three output branches are connected to the electrical equipment. The aforementioned status detection module 3 can be a status detection circuit composed of operational amplifiers, optocouplers, resistors, etc., which can sample the current of the three output branches of the output module 2, perform signal conversion and signal amplification on the sampled signals, isolate and sample the processed signals, perform signal inversion processing, and perform power-off judgment. The aforementioned auxiliary module 4 can be an auxiliary circuit composed of bidirectional thyristors, which can adjust the zero-voltage window time by controlling the interaction state of the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker on each output branch of the power distribution module 1 in the power distribution cabinet. The aforementioned microcontroller module 5 can be a microcontroller circuit composed of a single-chip microcomputer, which integrates many components such as arithmetic unit, controller, memory, and input / output device, and realizes functions such as signal processing, data storage, module control, and timing control.

[0057] In this embodiment, please refer to the figure. Figure 4 The power supply unit 101 includes a power distribution cabinet interface; the first power distribution unit 102 includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a seventh diode D7, a first capacitor C1, a first thyristor S1, a second thyristor S2, a third thyristor S3, a fourth thyristor S4, a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, a first control switch FS1, and a first varistor M1; the output module 2 includes a first port and a first resistor R1; the microcontroller module 5 includes a first controller U1;

[0058] Specifically, the first end of the distribution cabinet interface is connected to the anode of the first diode D1. The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, the cathode of the seventh diode D7, and the anode of the first thyristor S1. It is also connected to the anode of the third diode D3 via the first power supply. The cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 and one terminal of the first varistor M1, and is connected to the anode of the second thyristor S2 via the second inductor L2. The cathode of the second thyristor S2 is connected to the cathode of the third thyristor S3, the other terminal of the first varistor M1, the anode of the seventh diode D7, the stationary terminal of the first control switch FS1, and the first terminal of the first port. The cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the first control switch... The moving terminal of FS1 is closed. The control terminals of the first control switch FS1, the first thyristor S1, the second thyristor S2, the third thyristor S3, and the fourth thyristor S4 are respectively connected to the IO9, IO1, IO2, IO3, and IO4 terminals of the first controller U1. The cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the moving terminal of the first control switch FS1. The second terminal of the first port is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R1. The second terminal of the first resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the fourth thyristor S4 and ground. The cathode of the first thyristor S1 is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the anode of the third thyristor S3, and is connected to the anode of the fourth thyristor S4 through the third inductor L3.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, the aforementioned second diode D2, third diode D3, seventh diode D7, first capacitor C1, first thyristor S1, second thyristor S2, third thyristor S3, fourth thyristor S4, first inductor L1, second inductor L2, third inductor L3, first control switch FS1, and first varistor M1 can constitute a first DC circuit breaker. The first control switch FS1 is a normally closed mechanical switch, controlled by magnetic attraction. Magnetic attraction is achieved by providing a high level to the control terminal of the first control switch FS1. The first capacitor C1 is... Charging capacitor; the first thyristor S1, the second thyristor S2, the third thyristor S3, and the fourth thyristor S4 mentioned above can all be unidirectional thyristors. Among them, the first thyristor S1 and the second thyristor S2 are responsible for triggering the action and safely opening the mechanical switch, the third thyristor S3 is responsible for commutation and safely deactivating the first thyristor S1 and the second thyristor S2, and the fourth thyristor S4 is responsible for charging the charging capacitor, ensuring that the circuit breaker is always ready, and can adjust the voltage of the charging capacitor to a certain extent, and adjust the zero voltage window time; the first controller U1 mentioned above can be an STM32 microcontroller.

[0060] Furthermore, the second power distribution unit 103 includes a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, a sixth diode D6, an eighth diode D8, a fifth thyristor S5, a sixth thyristor S6, a seventh thyristor S7, an eighth thyristor S8, a fourth inductor L4, a fifth inductor L5, a sixth inductor L6, a second varistor M2, and a second control switch FS2; the output module 2 also includes a second port and a second resistor R2;

[0061] Specifically, the anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the first terminal of the distribution cabinet interface; the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode D8, the anode of the fifth thyristor S5, and the anode of the sixth diode D6, and is connected to the anode of the fifth diode D5 through the sixth inductor L6; the cathode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the moving terminal of the second control switch FS2; the cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor and one terminal of the second varistor M2, and is connected to the anode of the sixth thyristor S6 through the fifth inductor L5; the cathode of the fifth thyristor S5 is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor and the anode of the seventh thyristor S7, and is connected to the eighth thyristor S7 through the fourth inductor L4. The anode of silicon S8, the pin of the sixth thyristor S6 is connected to the cathode of the seventh thyristor S7, the other end of the second varistor M2, the anode of the eighth diode D8, the stationary terminal of the second control switch FS2, and the first terminal of the second port. The second terminal of the second port is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor R2. The second terminal of the second resistor R2 is connected to the cathode of the eighth thyristor S8 and the ground terminal. The control terminals of the fifth thyristor S5, the sixth thyristor S6, the seventh thyristor S7, the eighth thyristor S8, and the control terminal of the second control switch FS2 are respectively connected to the IO5, IO6, IO7, and IO10 terminals of the first controller U1.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, the fifth diode D5, the sixth diode D6, the eighth diode D8, the fifth thyristor S5, the sixth thyristor S6, the seventh thyristor S7, the eighth thyristor S8, the fourth inductor L4, the fifth inductor L5, the sixth inductor L6, the second varistor M2, and the second control switch FS2 constitute the second DC circuit breaker, which operates on the same principle as the first DC circuit breaker; the fifth thyristor S5, the sixth thyristor S6, the seventh thyristor S7, and the eighth thyristor S8 can all be unidirectional thyristors.

[0063] Furthermore, the third power distribution unit 104 includes a circuit breaker device and an output device;

[0064] Specifically, the power supply terminal of the circuit breaker device is connected to the first terminal of the distribution cabinet interface, the first output terminal of the circuit breaker device is connected to the input terminal of the output device, the grounding terminal of the circuit breaker device is connected to the grounding terminal and ground terminal of the output device, and the sampling terminal of the output device is connected to the status detection module 3.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, the circuit structure of the circuit breaker device is the same as that of the fifth diode D5, the sixth diode D6, the eighth diode D8, the fifth thyristor S5, the sixth thyristor S6, the seventh thyristor S7, the eighth thyristor S8, the fourth inductor L4, the fifth inductor L5, the sixth inductor L6, the second varistor M2, and the second control switch FS2, and is used as the third DC circuit breaker; the circuit combination structure of the output device is the same as that of the second port and the second resistor R2, and is connected to the electrical equipment for current sampling.

[0066] In another embodiment, it is not limited to the three output branches of the first port, the second port and the output device. The output branches can be expanded as needed, and the number of DC circuit breakers can be expanded according to the number of expanded output branches. The interaction path of the electronic switch in the auxiliary module 4 can be expanded to realize the interaction of charging capacitors.

[0067] Furthermore, the auxiliary module 4 includes a first electronic switch T1, a second electronic switch T2, a third electronic switch T3, a fourth electronic switch T4, a fifth electronic switch T5, and a sixth electronic switch T6;

[0068] Specifically, one end of the first electronic switch T1 and one end of the second electronic switch T2 are respectively connected to the first and second ends of the circuit breaker device. The other end of the second electronic switch T2 is connected to one end of the fifth electronic switch T5 and one end of the fourth electronic switch T4. The other end of the first electronic switch T1 is connected to one end of the sixth electronic switch T6 and one end of the third electronic switch T3. The other ends of the third electronic switch T3 and the fourth electronic switch T4 are respectively connected to the second and first ends of the first capacitor C1. The other ends of the fifth electronic switch T5 and the sixth electronic switch T6 are respectively connected to the first and second ends of the second capacitor. The control terminals of the first electronic switch T1 and the second electronic switch T2 are both connected to the IO11 terminal of the first controller U1. The control terminals of the third electronic switch T3 and the fourth electronic switch T4 are both connected to the IO12 terminal of the first controller U1. The control terminals of the fifth electronic switch T5 and the sixth electronic switch T6 are both connected to the IO13 terminal of the first controller U1.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, the first electronic switch T1, the second electronic switch T2, the third electronic switch T3, the fourth electronic switch T4, the fifth electronic switch T5, and the sixth electronic switch T6 can all be bidirectional thyristors to control the interaction of the three sets of charging capacitors.

[0070] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The current detection unit 301 includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, and a first operational amplifier OP1; the power failure detection unit 302 includes a seventh resistor R7, a first optocoupler J1, an eighth resistor R8, and a first voltage regulator VCC1.

[0071] Specifically, the inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5 and then to the first end of the first resistor R1 via the third resistor R3. The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6 and then to the second end of the first resistor R1 via the fourth resistor R4. The other end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded. The output of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor R5 and the IO15 terminal of the first controller U1 and then to the first end of the first optocoupler J1 via the seventh resistor R7. The second end of the first optocoupler J1 is grounded. The third end of the first optocoupler J1 is connected to the IO14 terminal of the first controller U1 and then to the first voltage regulator VCC1 via the eighth resistor R8. The fourth end of the first optocoupler J1 is grounded.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, the first operational amplifier OP1 can be an OP07 operational amplifier, which, together with the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6, performs current-to-voltage conversion and signal amplification processing; the first optocoupler J1 can be a PC817 optocoupler.

[0073] Furthermore, the current detection unit 301 also includes a first detection device; the power failure detection unit 302 includes a second detection device.

[0074] Specifically, the first detection terminal and the second detection terminal of the first detection device are respectively connected to the first terminal and the second terminal of the second resistor R2, the output terminal of the first detection device is connected to the input terminal of the second detection device and the IO16 terminal of the first controller U1, and the output terminal of the second detection device is connected to the IO17 terminal of the first controller U1.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the circuit combination structure of the first detection device is the same as that of the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6 and the first operational amplifier OP1; the circuit combination structure of the second detection device is the same as that of the seventh resistor R7, the first optocoupler J1, the eighth resistor R8 and the first voltage regulator VCC1.

[0076] Furthermore, the current detection unit 301 also includes a third detection device; the power failure detection unit 302 includes a fourth detection device.

[0077] Specifically, the first and second detection terminals of the third detection device are connected to the sampling terminal and grounding terminal of the output device, respectively. The output terminal of the third detection device is connected to the input terminal of the fourth detection device and the IO18 terminal of the first controller U1. The output terminal of the fourth detection device is connected to the IO19 terminal of the first controller U1.

[0078] In a specific embodiment, the circuit structure of the third detection device is the same as that of the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6 and the first operational amplifier OP1; the circuit structure of the fourth detection device is the same as that of the seventh resistor R7, the first optocoupler J1, the eighth resistor R8 and the first voltage regulator VCC1.

[0079] The working principle of the power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system of the present invention is as follows: DC power is received through the power distribution cabinet interface. The first control switch FS1, the second control switch FS2, and the control switch inside the circuit breaker device are all normally closed, thus conducting and transmitting DC power. The power is then distributed into three output branches. The first port, the second port, and the output device are respectively connected to the electrical equipment to supply power. The first port is sampled and processed by the first resistor R1, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, and the first operational amplifier OP1. The output first detection signal is received by the IO15 terminal of the first controller U1. The second port is sampled and processed by the second resistor R2 and the first detection device. The output of the second detection signal is received by the IO16 terminal of the first controller U1. The output device performs current sampling and signal processing on the circuit breaker device. The output of the third detection signal is received by the IO18 terminal of the first controller U1. When the first controller U1 determines that a short circuit has occurred in the received signal, it will control the first control switch FS1, the second control switch FS2, or the circuit breaker device corresponding to the short circuit to disconnect the circuit. The first controller U1 compares the first detection signal, the second detection signal, or the third detection signal with a short circuit threshold set internally. If the first detection signal, the second detection signal, or the third detection signal is greater than the short circuit threshold, a short circuit is determined to have occurred. For example, the first capacitor C1 initially has a preset voltage. When the first distribution unit 1 is determined to have a short circuit, the first capacitor C1 initially has a preset voltage. When a short circuit occurs, the first controller U1 will control the first control switch FS1 to open. Before the first control switch FS1 opens, the first controller U1 controls the first thyristor S1 and the second thyristor S2 to conduct, causing the first capacitor C1 to discharge in reverse through the second inductor L2, the first thyristor S1, and the second thyristor S2 to the first control switch FS1, generating an inrush current opposite to the system fault current. This causes the current in the first control switch FS1 to quickly cross zero. When the current in the first control switch FS1 is zero, the first controller U1 controls the first control switch FS1 to open. At the same time, the second diode D2 provides a freewheeling path to ensure that the voltage across the first control switch FS1 is zero, and the current flows through the first capacitor C1, the second thyristor S2, the second thyristor S2, and the second thyristor S2. Inductor L2, first thyristor S1, and second thyristor S2 transfer current. After the first capacitor C1 finishes discharging, it undergoes reverse charging. When the reverse voltage of the first capacitor C1 reaches its maximum value, the first thyristor S1 is disconnected. The first controller U1 controls the third thyristor S3 to conduct, and the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 undergo reverse discharge, thereby transferring part of the current of the second thyristor S2, controlling the second thyristor S2 to disconnect, and DC energy forward charges the first capacitor C1, causing the voltage to rise. After reaching the operating threshold voltage of the first varistor M1, the first varistor M1 absorbs energy. The first controller U1 can control the conduction state of the fourth thyristor S4 to replenish the energy of the first capacitor C1 through the third inductor L3.To ensure reliable disconnection and adaptability to different operating conditions, the first capacitor C1 is equipped with a preset voltage. This voltage can be adjusted to ensure reliable disconnection. Similarly, when the second control switch FS2 or the circuit breaker performs short-circuit protection, arc-free power-off control is implemented to achieve arc-free disconnection of the DC circuit breaker, significantly improving electrical safety and lifespan. Taking the first control switch FS1 as an example, when the first controller U1 controls the first control switch FS1 to operate, the first controller U1 begins timing operation. After the first control switch FS1 is completely disconnected, the IO14 terminal of the first controller U1 becomes high, stopping the timing operation and recording the switching time. If the switching time exceeds the set timing threshold, it indicates that the first control switch FS1 has experienced a switching delay. The next time the first control switch FS1 performs short-circuit protection, the first controller U1 will control the third electronic switch T3 and the fourth electronic switch T4 to conduct. Simultaneously, the first controller U1 will control the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker that is not transmitting power to be connected in parallel with the charging capacitor of the first detected DC circuit breaker whose switching timing time exceeds the timing threshold. Specifically, the first capacitor C1 is the first detected switching timing time. When the first controller U1 detects no current in the output device, it will control the first electronic switch T1 and the second electronic switch T2 to turn on the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker if the timing time exceeds the threshold. This will cause the charging capacitor in the circuit breaker device to be connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1, and the first capacitor C1 will be used for reverse discharge and reverse charging. The varistor in the circuit breaker device can absorb the energy released by the charging capacitor and the fault current. If a second DC circuit breaker has a switching time exceeding the timing threshold, and the preset voltage of the charging capacitor is increased... If the switching speed of the control switch of a DC circuit breaker slows down, the circuit breaker will stop transmitting power. Similarly, if the control switch of the DC circuit breaker whose switching time exceeds the timing threshold for the first time is the second control switch FS2, the first controller U1 can control the first electronic switch T1, the second electronic switch T2, the fifth electronic switch T5, and the sixth electronic switch T6 to conduct, controlling the charging capacitor in the circuit breaker device to work in parallel with the second capacitor. This intelligently detects the switch action delay, compensates for mechanical aging, and employs a multi-redundant parallel mechanism to improve the system's fault tolerance.

[0080] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0081] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fault safety management and control system for power distribution cabinets, characterized in that, The system includes: The power distribution module of the power distribution cabinet is used to connect DC power and distribute it. It provides short-circuit protection through the corresponding DC circuit breakers on the three output branches. During the fault opening phase of the DC circuit breaker, it controls the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer, and performs arc-free power-off processing on the control switch of the DC circuit breaker. It adjusts the reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states and maintains the charging capacitor at the preset voltage state. The output module is connected to the power distribution module of the power distribution cabinet and is used to receive DC power from the three output branches; The status detection module is connected to the output module and is used to detect the current and process the signals of the three branches of the output module and output the first detection signal, the second detection signal and the third detection signal respectively. Based on the status of the first detection signal, the second detection signal and the third detection signal, the power failure detection is performed and the first power failure signal, the second power failure signal and the third power failure signal are output respectively. The microcontroller module, connected to the output module, the power distribution module of the distribution cabinet, the status detection module, and the auxiliary module, is used to receive the first detection signal, the second detection signal, and the third detection signal. When a short circuit fault occurs in one of the three output branches, it controls the charging capacitor of the corresponding DC circuit breaker on the faulty branch to sequentially perform reverse discharge, reverse charging, and current transfer. The reverse discharge, reverse charging, and current transfer states can be adjusted by adjusting the charging voltage of the charging capacitor. During the stage between reverse discharge and reverse charging, the control switch of the DC circuit breaker is separated and timed operation begins. After the corresponding DC circuit breaker completes the power outage, the timer stops and the switching time is recorded. When the switching time exceeds the set timer threshold, the control auxiliary module connects the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker that is not transmitting power in parallel with the charging capacitor of the first detected DC circuit breaker whose switching timer exceeds the timer threshold. The auxiliary module, connected to the power distribution module of the distribution cabinet, is used to connect the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker that is not transmitting power in parallel with the charging capacitor of the first detected DC circuit breaker whose switching time exceeds the timing threshold by changing the power transmission path.

2. The power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power distribution module of the power distribution cabinet includes a power supply unit, a first power distribution unit, a second power distribution unit, and a third power distribution unit; The power supply unit is used to connect to DC power. The first power distribution unit is connected to the power supply unit and is used as the first output branch to transmit DC power. The corresponding DC circuit breaker on the output branch is in the fault opening stage. The charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker is controlled to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer and to perform arc-free power-off. The reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states are adjusted and the charging capacitor is kept at a preset voltage state. The second power distribution unit is connected to the power supply unit and is used as the second output branch to transmit DC power. During the fault opening stage of the corresponding DC circuit breaker on the output branch, the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker is controlled to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer and to perform arc-free power-off processing. The reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states are adjusted and the charging capacitor is maintained at a preset voltage state. The third power distribution unit is connected to the power supply unit and is used as the third output branch to transmit DC power. During the fault opening phase of the corresponding DC circuit breaker on the output branch, it controls the charging capacitor of the DC circuit breaker to perform reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer and performs arc-free power-off processing, adjusts the reverse discharge, reverse charging and current transfer states and maintains the charging capacitor at the preset voltage state.

3. The power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The status detection module includes a current detection unit and a power failure detection unit; The current detection unit is used to detect and process the current in the three branches of the output module and output the first detection signal, the second detection signal and the third detection signal respectively. The power failure detection unit, connected to the current detection unit, is used to perform power failure detection. When the first detection signal is stopped, it outputs a first power failure signal; when the second detection signal is stopped, it outputs a second power failure signal; and when the third detection signal is stopped, it outputs a third power failure signal.

4. The power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power supply unit includes a power distribution cabinet interface; the first power distribution unit includes a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a seventh diode, a first capacitor, a first thyristor, a second thyristor, a third thyristor, a fourth thyristor, a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a first control switch, and a first varistor; The output module includes a first port and a first resistor; the microcontroller module includes a first controller; The first end of the distribution cabinet interface is connected to the anode of the first diode. The cathode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the seventh diode, and the anode of the first thyristor. It is also connected to the anode of the third diode via a first power supply. The cathode of the third diode is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor and one end of the first varistor, and then to the anode of the second thyristor via a second inductor. The cathode of the second thyristor is connected to the cathode of the third thyristor, the other end of the first varistor, the anode of the seventh diode, the stationary terminal of the first control switch, and the first terminal of the first port. The cathode of the second diode is connected to the first control switch... The moving terminal of the switch, the control terminal of the first control switch, the control terminal of the first thyristor, the control terminal of the second thyristor, the control terminal of the third thyristor, and the control terminal of the fourth thyristor are respectively connected to the IO9, IO1, IO2, IO3, and IO4 terminals of the first controller. The cathode of the second diode is connected to the moving terminal of the first control switch. The second terminal of the first port is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor. The second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the cathode of the fourth thyristor and the ground terminal. The cathode of the first thyristor is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor and the anode of the third thyristor, and is connected to the anode of the fourth thyristor through the third inductor.

5. The power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second power distribution unit includes a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a sixth diode, an eighth diode, a fifth thyristor, a sixth thyristor, a seventh thyristor, an eighth thyristor, a fourth inductor, a fifth inductor, a sixth inductor, a second varistor, and a second control switch; the output module also includes a second port and a second resistor; The anode of the fourth diode is connected to the first end of the distribution cabinet interface. The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode, the anode of the fifth thyristor, and the anode of the sixth diode, and is connected to the anode of the fifth diode through the sixth inductor. The cathode of the sixth diode is connected to the moving end of the second control switch. The cathode of the fifth diode is connected to the first end of the second capacitor and one end of the second varistor, and is connected to the anode of the sixth thyristor through the fifth inductor. The cathode of the fifth thyristor is connected to the second end of the second capacitor and the anode of the seventh thyristor, and is connected to the anode of the eighth thyristor through the fourth inductor. The pin of the sixth thyristor is connected to the cathode of the seventh thyristor, the other end of the second varistor, the anode of the eighth diode, the stationary end of the second control switch, and the first end of the second port. The second end of the second port is connected to the first end of the second resistor. The second end of the second resistor is connected to the cathode of the eighth thyristor and the ground terminal. The control terminals of the fifth thyristor, the sixth thyristor, the seventh thyristor, the eighth thyristor, and the second control switch are respectively connected to the IO5, IO6, IO7, and IO10 terminals of the first controller.

6. The power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third power distribution unit includes a circuit breaker device and an output device; The power supply terminal of the circuit breaker device is connected to the first terminal of the distribution cabinet interface, the first output terminal of the circuit breaker device is connected to the input terminal of the output device, the grounding terminal of the circuit breaker device is connected to the grounding terminal and the ground terminal of the output device, and the sampling terminal of the output device is connected to the status detection module.

7. A power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The auxiliary module includes a first electronic switch, a second electronic switch, a third electronic switch, a fourth electronic switch, a fifth electronic switch, and a sixth electronic switch; One end of the first electronic switch and one end of the second electronic switch are respectively connected to the first and second ends of the circuit breaker device. The other end of the second electronic switch is connected to one end of the fifth electronic switch and one end of the fourth electronic switch. The other end of the first electronic switch is connected to one end of the sixth electronic switch and one end of the third electronic switch. The other ends of the third electronic switch and the fourth electronic switch are respectively connected to the second and first ends of the first capacitor. The other ends of the fifth electronic switch and the sixth electronic switch are respectively connected to the first and second ends of the second capacitor. The control terminals of the first and second electronic switches are both connected to the IO11 terminal of the first controller. The control terminals of the third and fourth electronic switches are both connected to the IO12 terminal of the first controller. The control terminals of the fifth and sixth electronic switches are both connected to the IO13 terminal of the first controller.

8. The power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The current detection unit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, and a first operational amplifier; the power-off detection unit includes a seventh resistor, a first optocoupler, an eighth resistor, and a first voltage regulator. The inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the fifth resistor and then to the first end of the first resistor via the third resistor. The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the sixth resistor and then to the second end of the first resistor via the fourth resistor. The other end of the sixth resistor is grounded. The output of the first operational amplifier is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor and the IO15 terminal of the first controller and then to the first end of the first optocoupler via the seventh resistor. The second end of the first optocoupler is grounded. The third end of the first optocoupler is connected to the IO14 terminal of the first controller and then to the first voltage regulator via the eighth resistor. The fourth end of the first optocoupler is grounded.

9. A power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The current detection unit further includes a first detection device; the power failure detection unit includes a second detection device. The first detection terminal and the second detection terminal of the first detection device are respectively connected to the first terminal and the second terminal of the second resistor. The output terminal of the first detection device is connected to the input terminal of the second detection device and the IO16 terminal of the first controller. The output terminal of the second detection device is connected to the IO17 terminal of the first controller.

10. A power distribution cabinet fault safety management and control system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The current detection unit further includes a third detection device; the power failure detection unit includes a fourth detection device. The first and second detection terminals of the third detection device are respectively connected to the sampling terminal and the grounding terminal of the output device. The output terminal of the third detection device is connected to the input terminal of the fourth detection device and the IO18 terminal of the first controller. The output terminal of the fourth detection device is connected to the IO19 terminal of the first controller.

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