Energy scheduling method and energy storage system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, and discloses an energy scheduling method and an energy storage system. A state-of-charge parameter of each energy storage unit in an energy storage module is acquired; according to the state-of-charge parameter, a plurality of energy storage modules are respectively divided into charging groups and discharging groups; a charging margin corresponding to each charging group and a discharging margin corresponding to each discharging group are acquired, and a difference between the sum of the charging margins of all the charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all the discharging groups is calculated; when the difference exceeds a preset range, the charging and discharging capacity distribution of the energy storage units in the energy storage module is adjusted, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all the charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all the discharging groups after the adjustment is within the preset range. The application improves the energy utilization efficiency in the aging test process, and helps to maintain the relative stability of the power grid power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage system technology, and in particular to an energy dispatching method and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Battery packs and power semiconductor devices must undergo aging tests before being put into practical applications to assess their performance degradation patterns and reliability. Currently, most aging test equipment used in the industry is based on a unidirectional energy flow architecture, managing charge and discharge through energy feedback to the grid or fixed power consumption. While this approach meets basic testing requirements, it has some shortcomings in energy handling: a large amount of electrical energy released during testing is not recycled within the system; it is either directly consumed as heat or entirely fed back to the grid, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency and potential grid power fluctuations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One objective of this application is to provide an energy dispatching method and energy storage system to solve the technical problem of how to improve energy utilization efficiency during aging testing while ensuring the stability of grid power.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application is: providing an energy dispatching method, the method comprising: acquiring the state of charge (SOC) parameters of each energy storage unit in an energy storage module; dividing multiple energy storage modules into charging groups and discharging groups according to the SOC parameters; acquiring the charging margin corresponding to each charging group and the discharging margin corresponding to each discharging group, and calculating the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups; when the difference exceeds a preset range, adjusting the charging and discharging allocation of the energy storage units in the energy storage module so that the difference between the adjusted sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within a preset range.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide an energy storage system, including: an energy storage conversion circuit, including multiple energy storage modules and multiple transformers, each energy storage module including multiple energy storage units, and the multiple energy storage modules and the multiple transformers being connected in a one-to-one correspondence; and a processor, the processor being used to execute the energy scheduling method described above.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is: providing a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the energy scheduling method as described above.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, the computer program including program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the energy scheduling method as described above.

[0008] The energy scheduling method, energy storage system, non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product provided in this application obtain the state-of-charge parameters of the energy storage units in each energy storage module, divide the energy storage modules into charging groups and discharging groups, and calculate in real time the difference between the sum of the charging and discharging margins of all charging groups and all discharging groups. When this difference exceeds a preset range, the energy balance and optimized utilization among the energy storage modules are achieved by adjusting the charging and discharging allocation of the energy storage units. The solution in this application improves the matching degree between charging demand and discharging capacity by coordinating the energy differences among multiple energy storage modules before charging and discharging begins, reducing energy waste caused by charging and discharging imbalances, and lowering the energy exchange demand between the system and the grid, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency during aging tests. Simultaneously, by improving the matching degree between charging demand and discharging capacity, the additional energy exchange demand between the system and the grid can be reduced, and the power fluctuations caused by charging and discharging imbalances can be reduced, thus mitigating the impact on grid operation and improving grid stability. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of an energy scheduling method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of an energy scheduling method provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a method provided in this application embodiment for adjusting the preset discharge value or preset charging value of the energy exchange charging group based on the discharge margin of the discharge group, so that the difference is within a preset range; Figure 6This is a flowchart of a method provided in this application embodiment for adjusting the preset charging value or preset discharging value of the energy exchange discharge group based on the charging margin of the charging group, so that the difference is within a preset range; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy dispatching device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0012] It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the various features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, all of which are within the protection scope of this application. Furthermore, although functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart. Moreover, the terms "first," "second," and "third" used in this application do not limit the data or execution order, but only distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect.

[0013] In the manufacturing and application of battery packs and power semiconductor devices, aging tests are typically required to assess their long-term reliability and performance degradation characteristics. Aging tests involve subjecting the tested battery module or power device to prolonged charge-discharge operation or power loading under controlled electrical or thermal stress conditions. By simulating actual operating conditions, the performance degradation process is accelerated, thereby obtaining key parameters such as capacity decay, internal resistance changes, and failure characteristics. This information is used for product screening, lifetime assessment, and consistency verification.

[0014] In the field of aging testing for battery packs and power semiconductor devices, the aging test devices commonly used in related technologies mostly employ a unidirectional energy flow architecture, achieving charge and discharge management through fixed power consumption, or improving energy utilization by feeding energy back to the grid. However, the unidirectional energy flow architecture typically only supports unidirectional charging or discharging of the battery, making it difficult to form an effective closed-loop utilization of energy between the grid and the load. This results in the energy released during aging being directly lost as heat or fully fed back to the grid, leading to low energy utilization efficiency and power fluctuations affecting the grid. Furthermore, although some solutions attempt to improve energy utilization through energy feedback, practical applications still suffer from insufficient flexibility in charge and discharge direction control and imperfect bidirectional energy flow scheduling strategies. Especially in multi-device parallel aging test scenarios, uneven energy flow distribution or unreasonable scheduling can easily lead to decreased test consistency and even pose risks to system stability and safety.

[0015] Therefore, the relevant technologies struggle to balance energy utilization efficiency with grid power stability. How to achieve efficient energy utilization during the aging test of multiple energy storage modules while suppressing power fluctuations with the grid is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0016] In view of this, this application provides an energy dispatching method that employs an electromechanical integrated distributed battery management system (i.e., an energy storage system). Through the coordinated control of multiple energy storage modules and dual-wire transformers, it achieves bidirectional charge and discharge management of the battery, transformer capacity optimization, and batch aging testing. The method mainly includes: acquiring the state-of-charge (POC) parameters of the energy storage units in each energy storage module; dividing the energy storage modules into charging and discharging groups based on the POC parameters; and calculating in real time the difference between the sum of the charge and discharge margins of all charging and discharging groups. When this difference exceeds a preset range, the energy balance and optimized utilization among the energy storage modules are achieved by adjusting the charge and discharge allocation of the energy storage units. This scheme, by coordinating the energy differences among multiple energy storage modules before charging and discharging begins, can improve the matching degree between charging demand and discharge capacity, reduce energy waste caused by charge and discharge imbalance, and reduce unnecessary energy exchange between the system and the grid, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency during aging testing. Simultaneously, this optimized matching relationship also helps reduce power fluctuations between the system and the grid, making the charging and discharging process more stable, thereby reducing the impact on grid operation and improving overall operational stability.

[0017] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a structural block diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. The energy storage system includes a host computer and an energy storage conversion circuit, with the host computer connected to the energy storage conversion circuit. The energy storage conversion circuit includes multiple energy storage modules and multiple transformers, wherein each energy storage module is connected to a transformer in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0018] Each energy storage module comprises multiple energy storage units for unified charge / discharge control and power scheduling. For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, each energy storage module consists of a combination unit composed of four EP580 modules. Multiple energy storage modules are connected to multiple transformers respectively, for example... Figure 2 Each set of four EP580 modules is connected to a dual-wire transformer. Each EP580 module constitutes an energy storage unit.

[0019] The EP580 module is an integrated battery energy storage power conversion unit that integrates a battery cluster, a bidirectional DC / AC conversion circuit, and a battery management system (BMS). It enables bidirectional charge / discharge control and energy conversion of the battery, and supports communication with a host computer via a CAN bus for monitoring operational status and receiving charge / discharge commands. In this embodiment, four groups of EP580 modules (each group containing four EP580s) are configured as battery charge / discharge control units.

[0020] Transformer (e.g.) Figure 2 The dual-wire transformers shown are positioned on both sides of the system, with their input terminals connected to the power grid and their output terminals connected to the EP580 modules (WP1 to WP4 are the interfaces for four EP580 modules). In this embodiment, the capacity of a single transformer is set to be less than the sum of the rated power of its corresponding connected EP580 modules. This avoids over-configuring transformers based on peak total power, thereby reducing system cost and size. In addition, this design also provides adjustment space for subsequent dynamic power allocation and energy dispatch based on SOC, which is beneficial to improving the overall system operation flexibility and energy utilization efficiency.

[0021] In terms of connection structure, each transformer's output terminal is connected in parallel to a set of EP580 modules, with the left transformer connecting two sets of EP580 modules on the left and the right transformer connecting two sets of EP580 modules on the right. Each set of EP580 modules forms an independent power supply circuit with the corresponding transformer's input terminal through dual windings.

[0022] The output of the EP580 module is connected to the power grid via a transformer, thereby enabling bidirectional energy flow between the power grid and the battery. That is, during charging, energy flows from the power grid to the battery, and during discharging, energy is fed back from the battery to the power grid.

[0023] The CAN bus connects all EP580 modules to the host computer, enabling data exchange (including battery status information, power control commands, and fault signals). The CAN bus can be connected in a ring network, with the four EP580 modules interconnected to achieve real-time communication between groups T1 to T4, and to synchronize the SOC status and charge / discharge commands of each energy storage unit, thus forming a distributed energy storage control network.

[0024] exist Figure 2 The system architecture shown enables both charging and discharging modes. In charging mode, the grid supplies power to the EP580 module via a transformer, and the EP580 module's built-in BMS controls the battery to charge according to a preset current / voltage. In discharging mode, the battery in the EP580 module supplies power to the grid after being inverted. During discharging, the BMS monitors the battery status in real time to prevent overcharging / over-discharging.

[0025] In this embodiment, the host computer sends power commands and preset charging / discharging values ​​via the CAN bus. The EP580 module adjusts the charging / discharging power and direction according to the received commands to ensure that the total output power of the transformer does not exceed its rated capacity. Simultaneously, it optimizes the control of the power purchased from the grid and the feedback power, keeping the power exchange between the system and the grid as low as possible to ensure grid stability. Through this approach, the system is suitable for aging tests involving multiple energy storage modules in parallel, improving the overall stability and energy utilization efficiency of the system while meeting test load requirements.

[0026] It should be noted that, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The energy storage system shown is only an exemplary implementation. The technical solution of this application embodiment is not limited to this specific structure. It can also be adapted or modified according to actual application needs, such as expanding or replacing the number of energy storage modules, transformer configuration, or communication topology.

[0027] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart of an energy scheduling method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is applied to an electronic device, which may specifically be the host computer in the above system embodiments. Specifically, the host computer includes, but is not limited to, industrial control computers, servers, embedded control systems, or other electronic devices with data processing, storage, and communication functions. The method may include the following steps: S11. Obtain the state of charge parameters of each energy storage unit in the energy storage module.

[0028] State of Charge (SOC) is used to represent the current remaining charge state of an energy storage unit, reflecting its charging and discharging capabilities. In some embodiments, each energy storage unit corresponds to one EP580 module; that is, one EP580 module constitutes one energy storage unit. Therefore, the SOC specifically refers to the SOC of each EP580 module. The battery operating parameters can be collected in real time through the BMS built into the EP580 module, and the SOC value is calculated based on the collected voltage, current, and temperature information. This SOC value is then uploaded to the host computer via CAN.

[0029] S12. Based on the state of charge parameters, the multiple energy storage modules are divided into charging groups and discharging groups respectively.

[0030] In this context, a charging group refers to a collection of energy storage modules whose state of charge (SOC) parameters are below a preset charging threshold; that is, energy storage modules in a relatively low state of charge that have charging needs. A discharging group refers to a collection of energy storage modules whose SOC parameters are above a preset discharging threshold; that is, energy storage modules in a relatively high state of charge that have discharging capabilities. Methods for dividing charging and discharging groups include, but are not limited to, division based on preset threshold ranges, division based on SOC ranking, and adaptive division based on dynamic balancing strategies.

[0031] To further improve the precision of charge and discharge scheduling and enhance the balance of energy distribution among multiple energy storage modules, the energy storage units within the energy storage module are further divided and reorganized based on the state of charge distribution characteristics within the module, thereby achieving a finer-grained energy management strategy. Therefore, in some embodiments, step S12 may specifically include: S121. Based on the state of charge parameters, the multiple energy storage units in each energy storage module are divided into charging clusters and discharging clusters.

[0032] Within each energy storage module, the EP580 modules are divided into charging clusters or discharging clusters based on their state of charge parameters and charging / discharging requirements. A charging cluster refers to a set of EP580 modules in a charging state within the same energy storage module, while a discharging cluster refers to a set of EP580 modules in a discharging state within the same energy storage module. The relationship between the number of charging clusters and discharging clusters within the same energy storage module can dynamically change under different operating conditions.

[0033] For example, with Figure 2 Taking the battery management system structure shown as an example, the EP580 modules in the same energy storage module can form different charging and discharging combinations according to the system scheduling strategy, including but not limited to configurations such as two EP580 modules forming a charging cluster, two EP580 modules forming a discharging cluster, or one EP580 module forming a charging cluster and three EP580 modules forming a discharging cluster.

[0034] Depending on the number of energy storage units within the energy storage module, there are different implementation strategies for dividing charging clusters and discharging clusters, thereby adapting to energy dispatching needs at different scales.

[0035] In some embodiments, when the number of energy storage units in the energy storage module is an even number greater than or equal to 2, dividing the multiple energy storage units in each energy storage module into charging clusters and discharging clusters according to the state of charge (SCO) parameters may include: sorting the energy storage units in the energy storage module in descending or ascending order of SCO parameters to obtain a sorting result; based on the sorting result, determining the half of the energy storage units with higher SCO parameters as discharging clusters and the half of the energy storage units with lower SCO parameters as charging clusters; determining the discharge preset value corresponding to the discharging cluster according to the minimum SCO parameter in the discharging cluster, and determining the charging preset value corresponding to the charging cluster according to the maximum SCO parameter in the charging cluster.

[0036] This approach involves sorting energy storage units within the same energy storage module according to their state of charge (SOC) parameters, dividing them into half with higher SOC and half with lower SOC, thus forming discharge clusters and charging clusters respectively. This implements a binary energy allocation strategy based on the sorting results. The discharge clusters provide electrical output, and their discharge capacity is constrained by the minimum SOC parameter within the cluster, determining the corresponding preset discharge value. The charging clusters absorb electrical energy, and their charging capacity is constrained by the maximum SOC parameter within the cluster, determining the corresponding preset charging value. Through this method, the charge / discharge scheduling uses the extreme SOC value as the boundary condition, ensuring the state balance of each energy storage unit while achieving dynamic matching and stable control of charge / discharge power.

[0037] For example, sorting the current SOC of N energy storage units within the same energy storage module yields SOC values ​​from largest to smallest: SOC1, SOC2, ..., SOCi, ..., SOC N (where P) i Let SOC be the current SOC value of the i-th energy storage unit after sorting, where SOC1, SOC2, ..., SOCi, ..., SOCi are the current SOC values. N The corresponding energy storage units are P1, P2...P i ...P M P1, P2...P M / 2 The corresponding energy storage devices are divided into discharge clusters, and P M / 2+1 ...P M The corresponding energy storage devices are divided into charging clusters to obtain the above P. M / 2 Current SOC value M / 2 and P M / 2+1 Current SOC valueM / 2+1 The preset values ​​for discharge and charging are set as follows: the preset value for discharge T1 is (SOC) M / 2 (0), the preset charging value T2 is (100, SOC) M / 2+1 ). Both the discharge preset value and the charging preset value are represented by a binary tuple. In the discharge preset value T1, SOC M / 2 This represents the SOC value of the discharge cluster boundary point determined based on the sorting results of the energy storage units. 0 indicates a discharge control flag or discharge direction control parameter, used to indicate the discharge control state corresponding to the current preset value. In the charging preset value T2, the SOC... M / 2+1 This represents the SOC value of the charging cluster boundary point determined based on the sorting results of the energy storage units. 100 represents the maximum allowable SOC value, which is used as an upper limit constraint on the charging side.

[0038] For example, taking an energy storage module containing four energy storage units P1, P2, P3, and P4 as an example, their current state of charge (SOC) parameters are obtained and sorted in descending order, resulting in SOC1 = 90% (P1), SOC2 = 80% (P2), SOC3 = 70% (P3), and SOC4 = 60% (P4). When the number of energy storage units is four (an even number), based on the sorting results, the half of the energy storage units with the higher SOC are classified as a discharge cluster, i.e., P1 and P2 form a discharge cluster, and the half of the energy storage units with the lower SOC are classified as a charging cluster, i.e., P3 and P4 form a charging cluster. Furthermore, the discharge preset value T1 is determined based on the SOC value of the energy storage unit P2 with a smaller state of charge in the discharge cluster (80%), and the charging preset value T2 is determined based on the SOC value of the energy storage unit P3 with a larger state of charge in the charging cluster (70%), thus obtaining T1 = (80%, 0) and T2 = (100%, 70). T1 and T2 are used to constrain the power distribution and energy balance control in the subsequent charging and discharging scheduling process.

[0039] In this embodiment, when the number of energy storage units in a single energy storage module is an even number greater than or equal to 2, a binary partitioning method based on the sorting of state of charge parameters is adopted to divide the energy storage units into charging clusters and discharging clusters. This scheme can achieve adaptive grouping and boundary constraint control based on the state of charge of the energy storage units, thereby improving the energy balance and scheduling stability when multiple energy storage modules are running in parallel.

[0040] In some embodiments, when the system includes multiple energy storage modules, each energy storage module independently executes the above-described sorting-based charging and discharging cluster partitioning process and determines its corresponding preset charging and discharging values, thereby achieving local balanced scheduling within each energy storage module. Based on this, the host computer coordinates and schedules the charging and discharging states of multiple energy storage modules in a unified manner, thereby achieving system-level energy balance control and overall operational stability optimization.

[0041] In some embodiments, when the number of energy storage units in the energy storage module is an odd number greater than 2, the multiple energy storage units in each energy storage module are divided into charging clusters and discharging clusters according to the state of charge (SCO) parameters. This includes: sorting the energy storage units in the energy storage module according to the SCO parameters in descending or ascending order to obtain a sorting result; based on the sorting result, when the SCO parameters of all energy storage units are greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, or when the SCO parameters of all energy storage units are less than the first preset threshold, determining the number of energy storage units corresponding to the discharging cluster according to a first formula, and selecting energy storage units with higher SCO parameters and a corresponding number from the sorting result as discharging clusters, with the remaining energy storage units as charging clusters; determining the discharge preset value corresponding to the discharging cluster according to the minimum SCO parameter in the discharging cluster, and determining the charging preset value corresponding to the charging cluster according to the maximum SCO parameter in the charging cluster.

[0042] When the number of energy storage units in the energy storage module is an odd number greater than 2, the state of charge (SOC) parameters of each energy storage unit are first sorted to obtain an ordered sequence of energy storage units. Based on this sorting, if the SOC parameters of all energy storage units are higher than or equal to a first preset threshold, or lower than the first preset threshold, the system considers the current energy storage units to be in a relatively consistent high or low SOC state. At this point, the number of energy storage units in the discharge cluster is determined using a first formula, and the corresponding number of energy storage units with higher SOC parameters are selected from the sorting results as the discharge cluster, while the remaining energy storage units are selected as the charging cluster. Thus, a priority-based allocation method based on quantity constraints is used to assign charging and discharging roles, ensuring the continuity and stability of energy scheduling. The first formula is used to determine the number of energy storage units corresponding to the discharge cluster, specifically expressed as (M+1) / 2, where M is the total number of energy storage units in the energy storage module and is an odd number greater than 2.

[0043] Specifically, when the state of charge parameters of all energy storage units are higher than or equal to a first preset threshold, for example, SOC1, SOC2...SOCi...SOC N If all values ​​are ≥50%, then P1, P2...P （M+1） / 2 The corresponding energy storage devices are divided into discharge clusters, and P （M+1） / 2+1 ...P M The corresponding energy storage devices are divided into charging clusters; and the above P is obtained. （M+1） / 2 Current SOC value （M+1） / 2 and P （M+1） / 2+1 Current SOC value （M+1） / 2+1 Set the discharge preset value T1 to (SOC) （M+1） / 2 (0), the preset charging value T2 is (100, SOC) （M+1） / 2+1 ).

[0044] In some embodiments, P1, P2...P （M+1） / 2 The corresponding energy storage devices are divided into charging clusters, and P （M+1） / 2+1 ...P M The corresponding energy storage devices are divided into discharge clusters; and the above P is obtained. （M+1） / 2+1 Current SOC value （M+1） / 2 and P （M+1） / 2+1 Current SOC value （M+1） / 2+1 Set the charging preset value T1 to (SOC) （M+1） / 2 ,0), the preset discharge value T2 is (100, SOC （M+1） / 2+1 ).

[0045] In the above embodiments, when the state of charge (SOC) parameters of all energy storage units within the energy storage module are higher than or equal to a first preset threshold, it indicates that the current energy storage module as a whole is in a high-charge state and has a strong discharge capability. Different charging and discharging role classification methods can be adopted based on different system operation requirements. In some embodiments, energy storage units with higher SOC parameters are preferentially classified as discharge clusters, so that high-charge energy storage units take priority in energy output tasks, thereby releasing energy storage margins and improving the energy flow efficiency within the system. In other embodiments, energy storage units with higher SOC parameters can also be classified as charging clusters, while the remaining energy storage units are classified as discharging clusters, to adapt to specific power regulation requirements or system operation strategies, such as grid-side power balance control or local energy storage equalization regulation. By setting the above different clustering methods, the energy scheduling flexibility and adaptability of the system under different operating conditions can be improved.

[0046] Specifically, when the state of charge parameters of all energy storage units are lower than a first preset threshold, for example, SOC1, SOC2...SOCi...SOC N All are less than 50%. At this point, P1, P2...P （M+1） / 2 The corresponding energy storage devices are divided into discharge clusters, and P （M+1） / 2+1 ...P M The corresponding energy storage devices are divided into charging clusters. And the above P is obtained. （M+1） / 2 Current SOC value （M+1） / 2 and P （M+1） / 2+1 Current SOC value （M+1） / 2+1 The discharge preset value T1 can be set to (SOC). （M+1） / 2 The charging preset value T2 can be set to (100, SOC). （M+1） / 2+1 ).

[0047] For example, if the SOC of each energy storage unit in the current energy storage module is ≥50% (N=5), and assuming that the SOC is ranked as 90%, 85%, 80%, 75%, and 70% (all ≥50%), then it can be divided into: discharge cluster: the first 3 units (P1-P3); charging cluster: the last 2 units (P4-P5); discharge preset value T1 = (80%, 0%), charging preset value T2 = (100%, 75%).

[0048] For example, if the SOC of each energy storage unit in the current energy storage module is <50% (N=5), and assuming that the SOC of each unit is ranked as 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, and 25% (all <50%), then it can be divided into: discharge cluster: the first 3 units (P1-P3); charging cluster: the last 2 units (P4-P5); discharge preset value: T1 = (35%, 0%), charging preset value T2 = (100%, 30%).

[0049] In the above embodiments, the overall state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage units within the current energy storage module is relatively concentrated, and the SOC differences between the energy storage units are relatively small. In this case, by using a clustering method based on sorting results and quantity constraints to classify the charging and discharging roles of the energy storage units, energy flow within the energy storage module can be maintained even when the overall SOC is relatively uniform, avoiding charging and discharging scheduling failures due to excessively similar SOCs among the energy storage units. Simultaneously, by setting corresponding charging and discharging preset values, charging and discharging boundaries can be further constrained, reducing the risk of overcharging or over-discharging, thereby improving the stability and safety of the energy storage module's operation.

[0050] In some embodiments, the method further includes: based on the sorting results, when the state of charge parameters of the energy storage unit include state of charge parameters greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and also include state of charge parameters less than the first preset threshold, determining the energy storage unit corresponding to the state of charge parameters greater than the first preset threshold as a discharge cluster, and determining the energy storage unit corresponding to the state of charge parameters less than or equal to the first preset threshold as a charging cluster; determining the discharge preset value corresponding to the discharge cluster and the charging preset value corresponding to the charging cluster according to the maximum state of charge parameter in the discharge cluster and the minimum state of charge parameter in the charging cluster.

[0051] For example, SOC1, SOC2...SOCi...SOC N When there are energy storage units with a state of charge (SOC) greater than a first preset threshold (e.g., 50%) and energy storage units with a SOC less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the energy storage units with a SOC greater than the first preset threshold can be classified as discharge clusters, and the energy storage units with a SOC less than or equal to the first preset threshold can be classified as charging clusters. Furthermore, the energy storage unit P corresponding to the current maximum SOC value in the discharge cluster can be obtained. max And obtain the energy storage unit P corresponding to the current minimum SOC value in the charging cluster.min Let the energy storage unit P max The current SOC value is SOC max Let the energy storage unit P min The current SOC value is SOC min Since the discharge cluster needs to discharge and the charging cluster needs to charge, and since the discharge cluster needs to perform a discharge operation and the charging cluster needs to perform a charging operation, the preset discharge value T1 and the preset charging value T2 can be set to a range (SOC). min SOC max Any value within ) where SOC min <T1<SOC max SOC min <T2<SOC max Furthermore, to avoid the set discharge preset value T1 and charge preset value T2 being too close to the SOC value that marks the boundary between the discharge cluster and the charge cluster, thus affecting the charge and discharge adjustment range during the aging test of the energy storage device, both the discharge preset value T1 and the charge preset value T2 can be set to the SOC value. max With SOC min The intermediate value, that is, the preset discharge value T1 can be set as T1 = INT((SOC max +SOC min ) / 2) and charging preset value T2=INT((SOC max +SOC min ) / 2), INT() represents the floor function (float operation). By adopting the above setting method, a more reasonable charge and discharge adjustment margin can be reserved for energy storage devices, thereby improving the stability and test results during the aging test process.

[0052] For example, suppose the SOC ranking is SOC1=90% (P1) > SOC2=85% (P2) > SOC3=70% (P3) > SOC4=50% (P4) > SOC5=30% (P5).

[0053] Discharge clusters can be identified: devices with a discharge rate greater than 50% (P1, P2, P3); The charging cluster can be identified as: devices with a charge level of 50% or less (P4, P5).

[0054] According to the rules: the maximum SOC value (SOC1) in the discharge cluster = 90% (P1); the minimum SOC value (SOC5) in the charging cluster = 30% (P5). T1 and T2 must be within the range (SOC5, SOC1) = (30%, 90%), and the integer part of the middle value should be taken (to avoid approaching the boundary).

[0055] Calculate the median: Median = (SOC1 + SOC5) / 2 = (90% + 30%) / 2 = 60% Therefore, the preset discharge value T1 = INT(60%) = 60%; the preset charging value T2 = INT(60%) = 60%.

[0056] In this embodiment, the simultaneous existence of energy storage units with state-of-charge (SOC) parameters higher than a first preset threshold and those lower than or equal to the first preset threshold indicates a significant SOC difference within the current energy storage module. By dividing the SOC-based energy storage units into discharge clusters and the low SOC-based energy storage units into charging clusters, the energy gradient between the energy storage units can be fully utilized to achieve energy transfer within the module, thereby improving energy dispatch efficiency. Furthermore, by using a SOC-based... max and SOC min Determining the preset values ​​for discharge and charge provides a reasonable adjustment target for the charging and discharging process, avoiding setting the charging and discharging boundaries too close to the extreme values, which would result in insufficient adjustment margin. This improves the operational stability, balance, and test reliability of the energy storage module during the aging test process.

[0057] In the above embodiments, the first preset threshold is used as a benchmark threshold for classifying the charging and discharging roles of energy storage units, in order to determine whether the current state of charge of each energy storage unit is in the high-charge range or the low-charge range. In some embodiments, the first preset threshold can be set to 50%, that is, half of the rated capacity of the energy storage unit is used as the reference benchmark for classifying the charging and discharging roles. Of course, in other embodiments, the first preset threshold can also be adaptively adjusted according to the type of energy storage unit, aging test strategy, operating conditions or system scheduling requirements, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0058] S122. Based on the divided charging clusters and discharging clusters, as well as the preset charging values ​​corresponding to the charging clusters and the preset discharging values ​​corresponding to the discharging clusters, determine whether the energy storage modules corresponding to the divided charging clusters and discharging clusters are charging groups or discharging groups.

[0059] After dividing the energy storage units within each energy storage module into charging and discharging clusters, it is necessary to further determine the overall charging and discharging status of the energy storage module based on the preset charging and discharging values ​​corresponding to each cluster, in order to determine the working role of each energy storage module in the current scheduling cycle. Specifically, if the energy storage units within a certain energy storage module are mainly charging clusters, or if their charging demand is greater than their discharging demand, then the energy storage module can be identified as a charging group; if the energy storage units within a certain energy storage module are mainly discharging clusters, or if their discharging capacity is greater than their charging demand, then the energy storage module can be identified as a discharging group.

[0060] Specifically, the charging amount corresponding to the charging cluster is calculated based on the preset charging value corresponding to the charging cluster and the state of charge parameters of each energy storage unit in the charging cluster; the discharging amount corresponding to the discharging cluster is calculated based on the preset discharging value corresponding to the discharging cluster and the state of charge parameters of each energy storage unit in the discharging cluster; when the charging amount is greater than the discharging amount, the energy storage modules corresponding to the divided charging cluster and discharging cluster are determined to be a charging group; when the discharging amount is greater than the charging amount, the energy storage modules corresponding to the divided charging cluster and discharging cluster are determined to be a discharging group.

[0061] In this embodiment, by comparing the magnitude of charging and discharging, the overall energy demand direction of the energy storage module within the current scheduling cycle can be determined. When the charging amount is greater than the discharging amount, it indicates that the energy storage module still has a large energy deficit and needs to obtain more energy from the outside; therefore, the energy storage module is identified as a charging group. When the discharging amount is greater than the charging amount, it indicates that the energy storage module can release more energy and has the ability to output energy to the outside; therefore, the energy storage module is identified as a discharging group.

[0062] The charging amount can be calculated based on the difference between the preset charging value and the current state of charge (SOC) parameter of each energy storage unit in the charging cluster. Specifically, for each energy storage unit in the charging cluster, the difference between its preset charging value and the current SOC parameter can be calculated, and these differences are accumulated to obtain the total charging amount corresponding to the charging cluster. Similarly, the discharging amount can be calculated based on the difference between the current SOC parameter and the preset discharging value of each energy storage unit in the discharging cluster. Specifically, for each energy storage unit in the discharging cluster, the difference between its current SOC parameter and the preset discharging value can be calculated, and these differences are accumulated to obtain the total discharging amount corresponding to the discharging cluster.

[0063] For example, taking energy storage module T1 containing four EP580 energy storage units as an example, after sorting them by SOC from high to low, the state of charge parameters of each energy storage unit are as follows: EP1 = 90%, EP2 = 85%, EP3 = 70%, and EP4 = 60%. According to the aforementioned division rules, EP1 and EP2 are classified as a discharge cluster, and their preset discharge value is set to 80%; EP3 and EP4 are classified as a charging cluster, and their preset charging value is set to 80%. Within this scheduling cycle, in the discharge cluster, EP1 can discharge from 90% to 80%, corresponding to a discharge amount of 10%, and EP2 can discharge from 85% to 80%, corresponding to a discharge amount of 5%. Therefore, the total discharge amount of the discharge cluster is 15%. At the same time, in the charging cluster, EP3 needs to be charged from 70% to 80%, corresponding to a charging amount of 10%, and EP4 needs to be charged from 60% to 80%, corresponding to a charging amount of 20%. Therefore, the total charging amount of the charging cluster is 30%. Since the total charge of the charging cluster is greater than the total discharge of the discharging cluster (30% > 15%), it indicates that the energy that can be released inside the energy storage module is insufficient to fully meet the charging demand, and there is still a 15% energy gap. Therefore, after completing the energy regulation within the group, the energy storage module still needs to obtain additional energy from the outside to meet the charging demand, thus defining energy storage module T1 as a charging group.

[0064] For example, taking energy storage module T3 containing four EP580 energy storage units as an example, their initial state of charge parameters are: EP5 = 50%, EP6 = 45%, EP7 = 40%, and EP8 = 35%. According to the aforementioned division rules, EP5 and EP6 are classified as a discharge cluster, and EP7 and EP8 are classified as a charging cluster. The preset discharge value for the discharge cluster is set to 28%, and the preset charging value for the charging cluster is set to 50%. Within this scheduling cycle, in the charging cluster, EP7 needs to be charged from 40% to 50%, corresponding to a charging amount of 10%, and EP8 needs to be charged from 35% to 50%, corresponding to a charging amount of 15%. Therefore, the total charging amount of the charging cluster is 25%. Simultaneously, in the discharge cluster, EP5 can discharge from 50% to 28%, corresponding to a discharge amount of 22%, and EP6 can discharge from 45% to 28%, corresponding to a discharge amount of 17%. Therefore, the total discharge amount of the discharge cluster is 39%. Since the total discharge capacity of the discharge cluster is greater than the total charge capacity of the charging cluster (39% > 25%), it indicates that the energy available for release within the energy storage module is sufficient to meet the charging needs of the group, and 14% of the releaseable energy remains after the energy balance within the group is achieved. This remaining energy can be used to provide energy support to other energy storage modules or participate in system-level energy dispatch. Therefore, energy storage module T3 is identified as the discharge group.

[0065] S13. Obtain the charging margin corresponding to each charging group and the discharging margin corresponding to each discharging group, and calculate the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups.

[0066] After dividing the energy storage modules into charging and discharging groups, the host computer further summarizes and statistically analyzes the energy reserves of each energy storage module within the system. For each charging group, its corresponding charging reserve is obtained, representing the total energy required for all energy storage units within that group to reach their respective preset charging values. For each discharging group, its corresponding discharging reserve is obtained, representing the total energy that all energy storage units within that group can release before reaching their respective preset discharging values. Next, the host computer sums up the charging reserves of all charging groups to obtain the total system charging demand; simultaneously, it sums up the discharging reserves of all discharging groups to obtain the total system discharging capacity. Subsequently, the difference between the total charging demand and the total discharging capacity is calculated to characterize the degree of energy supply and demand matching within the current system. When the difference is close to zero, it indicates that the charging demand and discharging capacity within the system are basically balanced, and the energy storage modules can achieve a good closed-loop energy flow. When the difference is large, it indicates that there is an imbalance between energy supply and demand within the system. There may be situations where the charging demand is insufficient to be met by the system's internal discharging capacity, or the discharging capacity cannot be fully absorbed by the system. In this case, it is necessary to further adjust the charging and discharging capacity distribution of the energy storage units.

[0067] In some embodiments, obtaining the charging margin corresponding to each charging group and the discharging margin corresponding to each discharging group includes: subtracting the charging amount corresponding to the charging cluster and the discharging amount corresponding to the discharging cluster in the same charging group to obtain the charging margin corresponding to the charging group; and subtracting the discharging amount corresponding to the discharging cluster and the charging amount corresponding to the charging cluster in the same discharging group to obtain the discharging margin corresponding to the discharging group. For energy storage modules classified as charging groups, since their overall charging demand exceeds their discharging capacity, the charging amount corresponding to the charging cluster and the discharging amount corresponding to the discharging cluster within the charging group can be subtracted to obtain the charging margin corresponding to the charging group. The charging margin represents the remaining energy that the energy storage module still needs to replenish from the outside after achieving energy balance within the group. Similarly, for energy storage modules classified as discharging groups, since their overall discharging capacity exceeds their charging demand, the discharging amount corresponding to the discharging cluster and the charging amount corresponding to the charging cluster within the discharging group can be subtracted to obtain the discharging margin corresponding to the discharging group. The discharging margin represents the remaining energy that the energy storage module can release to the outside after meeting the charging demand within the group. The difference operation in this embodiment can more accurately reflect the actual contribution of each energy storage module to the system-level energy dispatch, which provides a basis for energy matching and power allocation among multiple energy storage modules in the future.

[0068] If the difference calculated above is within the preset range, it indicates that the total charging demand and total discharging capacity within the current system are basically balanced, and the energy storage modules can achieve a relatively stable closed-loop energy flow. In this case, the current charging and discharging allocation of the energy storage units can remain unchanged, and the aging test can continue to be performed according to the existing scheduling strategy without additional charging and discharging adjustments. If the difference calculated above is not within the preset range, it indicates that there is a significant energy supply and demand imbalance within the current system, that is, the total charging demand and total discharging capacity of the system cannot be effectively matched, and then step S14 is executed.

[0069] The preset range is used to limit the allowable energy deviation between the total charging demand and the total discharging capacity within the system. This preset range can prevent frequent triggering of charging and discharging adjustments due to minor energy fluctuations. The preset range can be set according to the transformer's rated capacity, the number of energy storage modules, the allowable grid fluctuation range, and the accuracy requirements of aging tests, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0070] S14. When the difference exceeds the preset range, adjust the charging and discharging amount distribution of the energy storage units in the energy storage module so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range.

[0071] The charging or discharging capacity of each energy storage module can be changed by adjusting the charging and discharging power of some energy storage units, or by redistributing the number of energy storage units participating in charging and discharging. For example, when the total charging demand of the system exceeds the total discharging capacity, the discharging capacity of some energy storage units in the discharging clusters can be appropriately increased, or the charging capacity of some energy storage units in the charging clusters can be reduced, in order to narrow the energy gap. Conversely, when the total discharging capacity of the system exceeds the total charging demand, the discharging capacity of some energy storage units can be appropriately reduced, or the charging capacity of some energy storage units can be increased, in order to reduce the energy surplus.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, step S14 above adjusts the charging and discharging distribution of the energy storage units in the energy storage module so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within a preset range. Specifically, this may include: S141. Obtain the number of charging groups and the number of discharging groups. In the above embodiment, charging groups and discharging groups have been divided, and their respective quantities can be determined accordingly.

[0073] S142. When the number of charging groups is 0 and the number of discharging groups is greater than 1, based on the discharge margin corresponding to the discharging group, determine the energy exchange charging group and the energy exchange discharging group from the discharging group, and adjust the discharge preset value or charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all energy exchange charging groups after adjustment and the sum of the discharge margins of all energy exchange discharging groups is within the preset range.

[0074] In this embodiment, the number of charging groups is 0 and the number of discharging groups is greater than 1. This indicates that each energy storage module has a strong overall discharge capacity, and there are no charging groups within the system that can directly absorb energy. This may result in the discharge energy not being fully absorbed within the system, thus increasing the demand for energy feedback to the external power grid and hindering the reduction of power grid fluctuations. Therefore, based on the discharge margin of each discharging group, some energy storage modules can be selected from multiple discharging groups as energy exchange charging groups, and the remaining energy storage modules can be designated as energy exchange discharging groups. The energy exchange charging groups are used to absorb energy released by other discharging groups within the system, while the energy exchange discharging groups are used to continuously output energy. Furthermore, by adjusting the preset discharge or charging values ​​corresponding to the energy exchange charging groups, the charging and discharging targets of their internal energy storage units can be changed, enabling energy storage modules that were originally in a discharging state to have a certain charging demand. This ensures that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all adjusted energy exchange charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all energy exchange discharging groups falls within a preset range, thereby achieving a rebalancing of energy within the system, reducing excess energy feedback to the grid, improving energy utilization efficiency, and enhancing stability during aging tests.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the specific implementation process of determining energy exchange charging groups and energy exchange discharging groups from the discharge groups based on the discharge margin corresponding to the discharge groups, and adjusting the discharge preset value or charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging groups so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of the energy exchange charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of the energy exchange discharging groups is within a preset range may include: S14201. Sort the discharge groups according to their discharge margin from largest to smallest to obtain the sorted discharge groups. Among them, by sorting, the energy storage modules with stronger discharge capacity can be identified first.

[0076] S14202. Determine the number n of energy exchange charging groups based on the number of discharge groups.

[0077] Wherein, when k is even, n = k / 2; when k is odd, n = (k+1) / 2; where k refers to the number of discharge groups. This allows the number of energy storage modules participating in energy absorption to be roughly balanced with the number participating in energy release, thereby improving the energy matching efficiency within the system.

[0078] S14203. From the sorted discharge groups, select the top n discharge groups as energy exchange charging groups, and the remaining discharge groups as energy exchange discharge groups.

[0079] An energy exchange charging group refers to a collection of energy storage modules selected from the original discharging groups. After being adjusted to preset values, these modules can generate charging demand and absorb energy released from other discharging groups. While these modules have discharge capabilities in their original state, by adjusting their corresponding discharge or charging preset values, some of their energy storage units can switch from a discharging state to a charging state, thus participating in energy exchange as energy receivers within the system. An energy exchange discharging group refers to the collection of energy storage modules corresponding to the remaining discharging groups (excluding the energy exchange charging group). These modules maintain their discharge capabilities and continuously output energy to the energy exchange charging group. Through energy transfer between the energy exchange discharging and charging groups, the energy supply and demand relationship within the system can be reconstructed even when charging groups were not previously present, achieving energy balance and reducing the system's dependence on the external power grid.

[0080] S14204. Calculate the total discharge margin corresponding to all energy exchange discharge groups, and divide it equally among n energy exchange charging groups to obtain the average consumption value.

[0081] Specifically, let the remaining k If the total discharge margin for n energy exchange discharge groups is S, then the average consumption value satisfies Q = S / n. This average consumption value represents the theoretically required target charging margin for each energy exchange charging group, ensuring that the total charging demand of all energy exchange charging groups matches the total discharge capacity of the energy exchange discharge groups. The result of Q = S / n can be rounded to the nearest integer if it contains a decimal point.

[0082] S14205. Based on the average consumption value, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange charging group, the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange charging group, and the charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group, the discharge preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group is adjusted to obtain the adjusted discharge preset value.

[0083] Based on the average consumption value Q, the preset discharge value corresponding to each energy exchange charging group is adjusted to make it transition from the original discharge state to the charging state. Specifically, one of the energy exchange charging groups A can be selected as the discharge group to be adjusted, where the state of charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the discharge clusters in this group are respectively a1 and a2, and the preset discharge value before adjustment is C; the state of charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters are respectively b1 and b2, and the preset charging value before adjustment is D. In order to make the energy storage module generate a target charging margin T after conversion (where T=Q), a new preset discharge value X can be solved to satisfy the following formula (1): ((D-b1)+(D-b2))-((a1-X)+(a2-X))=T Formula (1) Herein, ((D-b1)+(D-b2)) represents the total required charging capacity when the charging cluster reaches the preset charging value D, and ((a1-X)+(a2-X)) represents the total dischargeable capacity of the discharge cluster constrained by the adjusted preset discharge value X. The difference between the two gives the net charging margin after the energy storage module is converted into a charging group. By solving for the new preset discharge value X, the net charging margin can be made equal to the target value T, so that the energy storage module is converted into an energy exchange charging group that meets the system scheduling requirements.

[0084] S14206: Determine whether the adjusted preset discharge value is less than the minimum state of charge parameter of the discharge cluster in the energy exchange charging group.

[0085] Specifically, if the preset discharge value X obtained after adjustment is less than the minimum value of the state of charge parameters of each energy storage unit in the discharge cluster, that is, X<Min(a1, a2), it indicates that the adjusted preset discharge value is within a reasonable range, the discharge cluster still has executable discharge space, which can meet the energy scheduling demand of the current energy exchange charging group, and the following step S14207 is executed at this time; otherwise, it indicates that the target charging margin cannot be achieved only by adjusting the preset discharge value, and the preset charging value needs to be further adjusted, and step S14208 is executed at this time.

[0086] S14207: The adjustment of the current energy exchange charging group is completed.

[0087] In some embodiments, it is further determined whether the current discharge group to be adjusted is the last energy storage module among the selected n energy exchange charging groups. If yes, it indicates that all energy exchange charging groups have completed adjustment, and the entire adjustment process ends; if not, another energy storage module is selected from the remaining unadjusted energy exchange charging groups as a new discharge group to be adjusted, and steps S14201 to S14207 are repeatedly executed until all energy exchange charging groups complete adjustment.

[0088] S14208. Based on the average consumption value, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange charging group, the preset discharge value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group, and the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange charging group, the preset charging value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group is adjusted to obtain the adjusted preset charging value.

[0089] If the adjusted discharge preset value X is greater than or equal to the minimum value of the state-of-charge (POC) parameter of each energy storage unit in the discharge cluster (i.e., X is greater than or equal to Min(a1, a2)), it indicates that continuing to rely solely on adjusting the discharge preset value may cause some energy storage units to fail to meet the discharge constraints, thereby affecting the system's operational stability. Therefore, it is necessary to further adjust the charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group based on the average consumption value, the POC parameter of the discharge cluster in the energy exchange charging group, the current discharge preset value, and the POC parameter of the charging cluster to obtain the adjusted charging preset value. This will further change the charging and discharging margin of the energy storage module to meet the target energy exchange requirements.

[0090] Specifically, let the state-of-charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the discharge clusters in discharge group A be a1 and a2, respectively, and the current preset discharge value be C. The state-of-charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters are b1 and b2, respectively. At this time, it is necessary to calculate the new preset charging value X of the charging clusters in discharge group A so that it satisfies formula (2): ((X-b1)+(X-b2))-((a1-C)+(a2-C))= T Formula (2) Where ((X-b1)+(X-b2)) represents the total amount of charge required for the charging cluster to reach the target state of charge under the new preset charging value X, and ((a1-C)+(a2-C)) represents the total amount of discharge that the discharging cluster can release under the current preset discharging value C. The difference between the two yields the adjusted net charging margin of the energy storage module. By solving for the new preset charging value X, this net charging margin can be made equal to the target value T, thereby enabling the energy storage module to complete the conversion from a discharging group to an energy exchange charging group while satisfying the charging and discharging constraints.

[0091] Through steps S14206 to S14208, the preset discharge or charging values ​​corresponding to the energy exchange charging groups are constrained, judged, and dynamically adjusted. This allows each energy exchange charging group to gradually form a charging margin that meets the target requirements, while ensuring that the charging and discharging boundary conditions of the energy storage unit are met. This adjustment method can improve the flexibility and accuracy of energy distribution within the system, enabling the system to effectively build a stable energy exchange relationship even without an initial charging group, achieving energy balance among multiple energy storage modules, and reducing energy dependence on the external power grid during aging tests.

[0092] Furthermore, the method also includes: S14209. Determine whether the adjusted charging preset value is less than or equal to 100.

[0093] Here, 100 represents the maximum allowable value of SOC, which is used as an upper limit constraint on the charging side to prevent overcharging of the energy storage unit during the charging process. If the adjusted charging preset value is less than or equal to 100, it means that the adjusted charging preset value is within a reasonable range and the current energy exchange charging group can meet the charging constraint conditions. At this time, step S14210 is executed.

[0094] S14210, The adjustment of the current energy exchange charging group is complete.

[0095] In some embodiments, it is further determined whether the current discharge group to be adjusted is the last energy storage module among the selected n energy exchange charging groups. If the current discharge group to be adjusted is the last energy storage module, it means that all energy exchange charging groups have been adjusted and the entire adjustment process ends. If the current discharge group to be adjusted is not the last energy storage module, another energy storage module is selected from the remaining unadjusted energy exchange charging groups as the new discharge group to be adjusted, and steps S14208 to S14210 are repeated until all energy exchange charging groups have been adjusted.

[0096] If the adjusted preset charging value is greater than 100, it means that the target energy exchange requirement cannot be met by adjusting the current parameters alone. Further redistribution or adjustment of the charging and discharging parameters is required. The following steps S14211 to S14217 can be executed.

[0097] S14211. Calculate the maximum charging margin generated by the energy exchange charging group based on the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange charging group, the preset discharge value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group, and the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange charging group.

[0098] Specifically, assuming the state of charge (SOC) parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters are b1 and b2, and the SOC parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the discharging clusters are a1 and a2, and the current preset discharge value is C, the maximum charging margin y that the energy storage module can generate when the preset charging value reaches the upper limit of 100 can be expressed as: y = ((100-b1) + (100-b2)) - ((a1-C) + (a2-C)). Here, ((100-b1) + (100-b2)) represents the maximum charging demand that the charging clusters can provide when the SOC reaches 100%; ((a1-C) + (a2-C)) represents the amount of discharge that the discharging clusters can release under the current preset discharge value constraint. The difference between the two yields the theoretically maximum net charging margin that the module can generate.

[0099] S14212. Calculate the difference between the average consumption value and the maximum charging margin to obtain the missing charging margin of the energy exchange charging group.

[0100] The difference between the average consumption value Q and the maximum charging margin y can be used to obtain the unmet charging margin of the current energy exchange charging group, i.e., the missing charging margin R1: R1 = Qy. Here, R1 represents the remaining energy gap that the current energy storage module cannot absorb even after reaching its maximum regulation capacity.

[0101] S14213. Determine whether the missing charging margin is within the preset range. That is, determine whether the missing charging margin R1 is within the preset range. If R1 is within the preset range, it means that the remaining energy deviation is small, and the system can be considered to still meet the allowable error requirements. At this time, step S14214 is executed; if R1 exceeds the preset range, it means that there is still a significant energy imbalance, which requires further processing. At this time, step S14215 is executed.

[0102] For example, if R1 is less than 5, then step S14214 is executed; if R1 is greater than 5, then the adjustment ends and step S14215 is executed.

[0103] S14214. The adjustment of the energy exchange charging group is now complete. Although the energy storage module has not fully reached the theoretical target charging capacity, no further adjustment is needed because the remaining deviation is within the allowable range.

[0104] In some embodiments, it is further determined whether the energy exchange charging group to be adjusted is the last energy storage module among the selected n energy exchange charging groups. If the energy exchange charging group to be adjusted is the last energy storage module, it means that all energy exchange charging groups have been adjusted and the entire adjustment process ends. If the energy exchange charging group to be adjusted is not the last energy storage module, another energy storage module is selected from the remaining unadjusted energy exchange charging groups as the new object to be adjusted, and steps S14211 to S14214 are repeated until all energy exchange charging groups have been adjusted.

[0105] S14215. Determine whether the current energy exchange charging group is the last unadjusted energy exchange charging group. If it is not the last unadjusted energy exchange charging group, execute S14216; if it is the last unadjusted energy exchange charging group, execute S14217.

[0106] S14216. Adjust the discharge preset value of the next energy exchange charging group according to the average consumption value and the missing charging margin.

[0107] Specifically, another discharge group can be selected from the k discharge groups as the next energy exchange charging group to be adjusted, and the target discharge margin T to be absorbed by this energy exchange charging group can be calculated, where: T = Q + (Q y), where Q represents the average consumption value, y represents the maximum charging capacity that the current energy exchange charging group can generate, and Q y represents the remaining charging capacity that the current energy exchange charging group has failed to absorb. By adding this remaining charging capacity to the target absorption capacity of the next energy exchange charging group, the remaining energy can be gradually distributed among multiple energy exchange charging groups, thereby improving the overall energy matching capability of the system.

[0108] S14217. Select a neutral group, and adjust the charging preset value corresponding to the neutral group according to the missing charging margin, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the neutral group, the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the neutral group, and the discharge preset value corresponding to the neutral group, to obtain the adjusted charging preset value.

[0109] If the system still has insufficient charging capacity after all energy exchange charging groups have been adjusted, a neutral group can be selected to participate in energy regulation. A neutral group refers to an energy storage module that is currently neither a charging group nor a discharging group. By adjusting the preset value of the neutral group, it can be converted into a charging group to absorb the remaining charging capacity R1.

[0110] Specifically, let group B be the selected neutral group. The state of charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the discharge clusters in group B are a1 and a2, respectively, and the preset discharge value before adjustment is C; the state of charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters in group B are b1 and b2, respectively, and the preset charging value before adjustment is D. First, calculate the new preset charging value X of group B according to formula (3): Formula (3): ((X-b1)+(X-b2))-((a1-C)+(a2-C))=R1 Where ((X-b1)+(X-b2)) represents the total amount of charge required for the charging clusters in group B to reach the new preset charging value X, and ((a1-C)+(a2-C)) represents the total amount of discharge that the discharging clusters can release under the current preset discharge value constraint. The difference between the two is the net charging margin that group B can generate.

[0111] If the calculated charging preset value X is less than or equal to 100, it means that group B can meet the remaining charging needs by adjusting the charging preset value, and the current adjustment ends.

[0112] If the calculated charging preset value X is greater than 100, it means that adjusting the charging preset value alone cannot meet the energy dispatch requirements. Since 100 represents the maximum allowable value of SOC, the charging preset value is unreasonable. At this time, the discharge preset value of group B is further adjusted to satisfy: ((a1-X)+(a2-X))-((D-b1)+(D-b2))=R1.

[0113] If the calculated discharge preset value X is less than Max(a1, a2), it means that the adjusted discharge preset value is within a reasonable range, and the current adjustment ends; otherwise, it means that group B still cannot completely absorb the remaining charging capacity, and it is necessary to further calculate the charging capacity R2 that group B still lacks after adjustment: R2=R1-[((100-b1)+(100-b2))-((a1-C)+(a2-C))]; then transfer the remaining charging capacity R2 to the next neutral group, and repeat the above adjustment process for the new neutral group until all the remaining charging capacity is absorbed.

[0114] In some embodiments, the neutral group satisfies the following preset conditions, including: each energy storage unit P corresponding to the charging cluster in the neutral group. i The state of charge (SOC) parameter satisfies , For each energy storage unit P i The original charging preset value, The missing charging margin is L, where L is the number of energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters in the neutral group; and / or, the mean of the state-of-charge parameters of all energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters in the neutral group is the smallest among all neutral groups.

[0115] The following example illustrates how energy scheduling is performed when the number of charging groups m=0 and the number of discharging groups k is greater than 1.

[0116] Example 1: Step 1: Initial state setting, taking k=4 as an example:

[0117] Based on the discharge margin, the order is: T2 > T1 > T3 > T4. Therefore, T2 and T1 need to be converted into charging groups. Their discharge and charging preset values ​​are adjusted. At this point, the discharge margin of T3 and T4 is 7% + 5% = 12%. This 12% needs to be allocated to T1 and T2 for absorption, with each receiving 6%. Adjust T1 and T2 by increasing their discharge or charging preset values ​​to achieve a charging margin of 6%.

[0118] First, consider the preset discharge value. If the preset discharge value cannot be adjusted (after adjustment, the preset discharge value is equal to or close to the lowest SOC value of the discharge cluster), then adjust the preset charging value.

[0119] For example: T1 adjusts the discharge preset value. Let the new discharge preset value be x. Then: ((80-70)+(80-60))-((95-x)+(85-x))= 6; thus x = 78.

[0120] Therefore, the new preset discharge value is 78%. Charge amount: (95-x) + (85-x); Discharge amount: (80-70) + (80-60); Resulting charging margin: 6%.

[0121] T2 adjusts the discharge preset value. Let the new discharge preset value be y. Then: (95-55)-((80-y)+(70-y))=6; thus, y = 58.

[0122] Therefore, the new preset discharge value is 58%. Charge amount: (80-y) + (70-y); Discharge amount: (95-55); Resulting charging margin: 6%.

[0123] The adjusted discharge preset values ​​and discharge margins are shown in the table below:

[0124] S143. When the number of charging groups is greater than 1 and the number of discharging groups is 0, based on the charging margin corresponding to the charging group, determine the energy exchange discharging group and the energy exchange charging group from the charging group, and adjust the charging preset value or discharging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharging group so that the difference between the sum of the discharge margins of all adjusted energy exchange discharging groups and the sum of the charging margins of all energy exchange charging groups is within a preset range.

[0125] In this embodiment, the number of charging groups is greater than 1 and the number of discharging groups is 0. This indicates that all energy storage modules are currently exhibiting significant charging demand, and there are no discharging groups within the system capable of directly outputting energy. This may lead to all energy storage modules needing to obtain energy from the external power grid, which is detrimental to reducing the power purchased from the grid and power fluctuations. Therefore, based on the charging margin corresponding to each charging group, some energy storage modules can be selected from multiple charging groups as energy exchange discharging groups, and the remaining energy storage modules can be designated as energy exchange charging groups. The energy exchange discharging groups are used to provide energy to other charging groups within the system, while the energy exchange charging groups are used to absorb energy. Furthermore, by adjusting the preset charging or discharging values ​​corresponding to the energy exchange discharging groups, the charging and discharging targets of their internal energy storage units can be changed, enabling the energy storage modules that were originally in a charging state to have a certain discharging capacity. This establishes an energy exchange relationship between the energy supply side and the energy demand side within the system, achieving a rebalancing of energy within the system, reducing the system's power purchase demand from the external power grid, improving energy utilization efficiency, and enhancing stability during aging tests.

[0126] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, based on the charging margin corresponding to the charging group, the specific process of determining the energy exchange discharge group and the energy exchange charging group from the charging group, and adjusting the charging preset value or discharging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group so that the difference between the sum of the discharge margin of all energy exchange discharge groups and the sum of the charging margin of all energy exchange charging groups is within a preset range may include: S14301. Sort the charging groups according to their remaining charging capacity from largest to smallest to obtain the sorted charging groups. This sorting allows for the priority identification of energy storage modules with higher charging demands, providing a basis for subsequent energy exchange role allocation.

[0127] S14302. Determine the number n of energy exchange discharge groups based on the number of charging groups.

[0128] Specifically, the number of energy storage modules that need to be converted into discharge modules can be determined according to a preset rule based on the total number of charging groups, so as to maintain a relative balance between the number of energy storage modules participating in energy release and the number of energy storage modules participating in energy absorption. Wherein, when m is even, n = m / 2; when m is odd, n = (m+1) / 2. m refers to the number of charging groups. k is the number of discharge groups; in this embodiment, k = 0.

[0129] S14303. From the sorted charging groups, select the top n charging groups as energy exchange discharge groups, and the remaining charging groups as energy exchange charging groups.

[0130] Among them, the energy exchange discharge group refers to a collection of energy storage modules selected from the original charging group, which, after being adjusted to preset values, can generate discharge demand and output energy to other charging groups; the energy exchange charging group maintains the original charging demand and is used to absorb the energy released by the energy exchange discharge group. Through the above division, the energy supply and demand relationship within the system can be constructed even when there are no discharge groups originally.

[0131] S14304. Calculate the total charging capacity corresponding to all energy exchange charging groups and divide it equally among n energy exchange discharging groups to obtain the average consumption value.

[0132] Specifically, let the remaining m If the total charging margin corresponding to n energy exchange charging groups is S, then the average consumption value Q can be expressed as: Q = S / n; where Q represents the target discharge margin that each energy exchange discharge group theoretically needs to provide, so as to ensure that the total discharge margin generated by all energy exchange discharge groups can match the total charging margin in the system, thereby achieving energy offsetting.

[0133] S14305. Based on the average consumption value, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange discharge group, the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange discharge group, and the discharge preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group, the charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group is adjusted to obtain the adjusted charging preset value.

[0134] Specifically, one charging group A can be selected from n energy exchange discharge groups as the charging group to be adjusted. Let the state-of-charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the discharge clusters in charging group A be a1 and a2, respectively, and the preset discharge value before adjustment be C; let the state-of-charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters be b1 and b2, respectively, and the preset charging value before adjustment be D. Let the target discharge margin to be generated by the charging group to be adjusted be T, where T=Q, then the new preset charging value X of the charging clusters in charging group A needs to be solved to satisfy formula (4): Formula (4): ((a1-C)+(a2-C))-((X-b1)+(X-b2))=T Where ((a1-C)+(a2-C)) represents the total discharge amount that the discharge cluster can release under the current discharge preset value constraint, and ((X-b1)+(X-b2)) represents the total charging amount required by the charging cluster under the new charging preset value X. The difference between the two is the adjusted net discharge margin of the energy storage module. By solving for the new charging preset value X, the net discharge margin can be made equal to the target value T, thereby converting the original charging group into an energy exchange discharge group that meets the system scheduling requirements.

[0135] S14306. Determine whether the adjusted preset charging value is greater than or equal to the maximum state of charge parameter of the charging cluster in the energy exchange discharge group, and less than 100.

[0136] Specifically, if the adjusted charging preset value X satisfies: Max(b1, b2) ≤ X<100; If the adjusted charging preset value is within a reasonable range, it means that the charging cluster can provide the target discharge margin while meeting the SOC upper limit constraint. In this case, step S14307 is executed. Otherwise (i.e., the adjusted charging preset value is less than the maximum state of charge parameter of the charging cluster in the energy exchange discharge group, or the adjusted charging preset value is greater than or equal to 100), it means that the target discharge requirement cannot be met by adjusting the charging preset value alone. In this case, step S14308 is executed.

[0137] S14307. The adjustment of the current energy exchange discharge group is complete. Then, it is determined whether the energy exchange discharge group to be adjusted is the last energy storage module in all energy exchange discharge groups. If yes, it means that all energy exchange discharge groups have been adjusted, and the entire adjustment process is complete; if not, another energy storage module is selected from the remaining unadjusted energy exchange discharge groups as the new target for adjustment, and steps S14301 to S14306 are repeated until all energy exchange discharge groups have been adjusted.

[0138] S14308. Based on the average consumption value, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange discharge group, the charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group, and the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange discharge group, the discharge preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group is adjusted to obtain the adjusted discharge preset value.

[0139] When the adjusted charging preset value does not meet the constraints, the discharge preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group is further adjusted based on the average consumption value, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange discharge group, the current charging preset value, and the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters, to obtain the adjusted discharge preset value. Specifically, let the state of charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the discharge clusters be a1 and a2, and the state of charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters be b1 and b2, and the current charging preset value be D. Then the new discharge preset value X satisfies: ((a1-X)+(a2-X))-((D-b1)+(D-b2))= T Formula (5) Where ((a1-X)+(a2-X)) represents the total discharge amount that the discharge cluster can release under the new discharge preset value constraint, and ((D-b1)+(D-b2)) represents the total charging amount required by the charging cluster under the current charging preset value. The difference between the two is the adjusted net discharge margin.

[0140] S14309. Determine whether the adjusted discharge preset value is less than or equal to the minimum state of charge parameter of the discharge cluster in the energy exchange discharge group. That is, if X≤Min(a1,a2), it means that the adjusted discharge preset value is within a reasonable range, and step S14310 is executed; otherwise, step S14311 is executed.

[0141] S14310, The adjustment of the current energy exchange discharge group is complete. Repeat steps S14308 and S14309 until the adjustment of all energy exchange discharge groups is completed.

[0142] S14311. Calculate the maximum discharge margin generated by the energy exchange discharge group based on the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange discharge group, the preset charging value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group, and the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange discharge group.

[0143] Calculate the maximum discharge margin that the current energy exchange discharge group can generate. Specifically, the maximum discharge margin y satisfies: a1 + a2 - ((D-b1)+(D-b2)) = y; where y represents the maximum net discharge margin that the current energy storage module can provide after reaching its maximum regulation capacity.

[0144] S14312. The difference between the average consumption value and the maximum discharge margin is calculated to obtain the discharge margin missing in the energy exchange discharge group.

[0145] The difference between the average consumption value Q and the maximum discharge margin y is used to obtain the current discharge margin R2 of the energy exchange discharge group: R2 = Q – y; where R2 represents the remaining discharge gap that the current energy storage module cannot provide even after completing the maximum adjustment.

[0146] S14313. Determine whether the missing discharge margin is within the preset range.

[0147] If the missing discharge margin is within the preset range, then proceed to step S14314; if the missing discharge margin is not within the preset range, then proceed to step S14315.

[0148] S14314. The adjustment of the current energy exchange discharge group is complete. Although the current energy storage module has not fully reached the theoretical target discharge margin, no further adjustment is required because the remaining deviation is within the allowable range.

[0149] S14315. Determine whether the current energy exchange discharge group is the last unadjusted energy exchange discharge group.

[0150] If it is not the last unadjusted energy exchange discharge group, then proceed to step S14316; if it is the last unadjusted energy exchange discharge group, then proceed to step S14317.

[0151] S14316. Adjust the preset charging value of the next energy exchange discharge group based on the average consumption value and the missing discharge margin.

[0152] Based on the average consumption value Q and the missing discharge margin R2, the charging preset value corresponding to the next energy exchange discharge group is adjusted. Specifically, the target discharge margin T that the next energy exchange discharge group to be adjusted needs to undertake can be expressed as: T = Q + R2, that is, the remaining discharge gap that the current energy storage module cannot provide is transferred to the next energy exchange discharge group to achieve coordinated compensation among multiple energy storage modules.

[0153] S14317. Select a neutral group, and adjust the discharge preset value corresponding to the neutral group according to the missing discharge margin, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the neutral group, the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the neutral group, and the charging preset value corresponding to the neutral group, to obtain the adjusted discharge preset value.

[0154] If, after all energy exchange discharge groups have reached their adjustment limits, the system still has insufficient discharge margin, a neutral group is selected from the system to participate in energy regulation. The neutral group refers to an energy storage module that is currently neither a charging group nor a discharging group. By adjusting the preset discharge value corresponding to the neutral group, it is converted into a new discharge group to further supplement the remaining discharge margin.

[0155] Specifically, a neutral group B is selected as the energy storage module to be adjusted. Let the state-of-charge (SOC) parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the discharge clusters in group B be a1 and a2, respectively, and the initial discharge preset value be C. The SOC parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters are b1 and b2, respectively, and the initial charging preset value is D. First, the initial discharge preset value of group B is adjusted so that group B can provide the missing discharge margin R2. The adjusted initial discharge preset value X of group B satisfies the following formula: Formula (6): ((a1-X)+(a2-X))-((D-b1)+(D-b2))=R2 Where ((a1-X)+(a2-X)) represents the amount of discharge that the discharge cluster in group B can release after adjustment, ((D-b1)+(D-b2)) represents the charging demand corresponding to the charging cluster, and the difference between the two represents the net discharge margin that group B can provide.

[0156] If the calculated discharge preset value X is less than or equal to the minimum value of the state of charge parameters of each energy storage unit in the discharge cluster, that is, X≤Min(a1,a2), it means that the adjusted discharge preset value is reasonable, group B can be successfully converted into a discharge group, and the adjustment is completed.

[0157] If the calculated discharge preset value X is greater than Min(a1, a2), it indicates that adjusting the discharge preset value alone cannot meet the target discharge requirement. Therefore, the charging preset value of group B is further adjusted. The adjusted charging preset value X of group B satisfies the following formula: Formula (7) = R² ((a1-C)+(a2-C))-((X-b1)+(X-b2)) Wherein, ((a1-C)+(a2-C)) represents the discharge amount that the discharge cluster can provide under the original discharge preset value, and ((X-b1)+(X-b2)) represents the charging amount corresponding to the charging cluster under the new charging preset value. The difference between the two represents the net discharge margin that group B can provide after adjustment.

[0158] If the calculated charging preset value X is less than 100, it means that the adjusted charging preset value has not exceeded the SOC upper limit constraint, and group B can complete the adjustment and convert to a discharge group. If the calculated charging preset value X is greater than or equal to 100, it means that group B has reached the charging adjustment upper limit and still cannot fully replenish the remaining discharge margin.

[0159] At this point, the maximum discharge margin y that can be generated by calculation group B is: y = ((a1) C)+(a2 C)) ((100 b1)+(100 b2); Further calculation of the remaining discharge margin after adjustment of group B: R2=R2 y; If the remaining discharge margin R2 is within the preset range, the adjustment ends; otherwise, the remaining discharge gap is allocated to the next neutral group, and the above adjustment process is repeated until all remaining discharge margin is consumed, or there is no neutral group in the system that can continue to participate in the adjustment.

[0160] In some embodiments, the neutral group satisfies the following preset conditions, including: each energy storage unit P corresponding to the charging cluster in the neutral group. i The state of charge (SOC) parameter satisfies , For each energy storage unit P i The original charging preset value, The missing discharge margin is L, where L is the number of energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters in the neutral group; and / or, the average state of charge (SOC) parameter of all energy storage units corresponding to the discharge clusters in the neutral group is the largest among all neutral groups. By preferentially selecting neutral groups with higher average SOC, the remaining energy release capability can be improved, and the risk of over-discharge of energy storage units can be reduced.

[0161] The following example illustrates how energy scheduling is performed when the number of charging groups m is greater than 1 and the number of discharging groups k=0.

[0162] Example 1:

[0163] Based on the charging margin, the order is: T4 > T3 > T1 = T2. Therefore, T3 and T4 need to be converted into a discharge group. Their discharge and charging preset values ​​are adjusted. At this point, the charging margin of T1 and T2 is 10% + 10% = 20%, and this 20% needs to be allocated to T3 and T4 for absorption, with each receiving 10%.

[0164] Adjust the charging preset values ​​for T3 and T4 according to the following formula: ((87-40)+(50-40))-((X-30)+(X-20))= 10, so X≈49; ((45-20)+(40-20))-((X-30)+(X-10))= 10, so X≈38; The T3's new charging preset value is 49%, resulting in a 9% discharge margin.

[0165] The T4's new charging preset value is 38%, resulting in a 9% discharge margin.

[0166] At this point, |total discharge margin - total charging margin| = |18 - 20| = 2%, which is within the error range.

[0167] Example 2:

[0168] Suppose that T1 and T2 need to be converted into a discharge group, and there is a 40% discharge margin that needs to be allocated between T1 and T2, with each group allocating 20%.

[0169] T1 prioritizes adjusting the preset charging value according to the following formula: ((95-80)+(85-80))-((X-70)+(X-60))= 20, so X = 65; At this point, the preset charging value of T1 is 65%, which is less than Max(70, 60) = 70. Therefore, the preset discharging value should be adjusted according to the following formula: ((95-X)+(85-X))-((80-70)+(80-60))= 20, so X = 65; At this point, the new discharge preset value of T1 is 65%, which is less than Min(95,85) = 85. Therefore, the discharge preset value of T1 is changed to 65%, resulting in a 20% discharge margin.

[0170] T2 prioritizes adjusting the preset charging value according to the following formula: ((80-60)+(70-60))-(X-55)= 20, so X = 65; At this point, the T2 new charging preset value is 65% > 55%, so the T2 charging preset value is changed to 65%, resulting in a 20% discharge margin.

[0171] In this embodiment, energy storage module T1 converts from a charging group to a discharging group by adjusting the discharge preset value, generating a 20% discharge margin; energy storage module T2 converts from a charging group to a discharging group by adjusting the charging preset value, also generating a 20% discharge margin. At this point, the total discharge margin generated by T1 and T2 is 20% + 20% = 40%, which is consistent with the 40% discharge margin required by the system target, therefore no further adjustment is needed.

[0172] S144. When the number of charging groups is not equal to 0, the number of discharging groups is not equal to 0, and the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups is less than the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups, adjust the charging preset value corresponding to the charging group according to the difference and the charging margin of the charging group, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range.

[0173] In this embodiment, the number of charging groups m≠0 and the number of discharging groups k≠0, meaning that energy storage modules in both charging and discharging states exist simultaneously in the system. When the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups is less than the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups, it indicates that the energy supply and demand within the system are unbalanced, meaning that the energy released on the discharging side is greater than the energy that the charging side can absorb, resulting in some discharging energy not being effectively consumed within the system. If no adjustment is made, the excess discharging energy may be fed back to the grid, thereby increasing the power exchange between the system and the external grid. In this embodiment, to reduce this energy difference, it is necessary to prioritize improving the energy absorption capacity of the charging groups, enabling them to absorb more energy released by the discharging groups.

[0174] In some embodiments, adjusting the preset charging value corresponding to a charging group based on the difference and the charging margin of the charging group, so that the difference between the sum of the adjusted charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharging groups is within a preset range, includes: calculating the charging increment allocated to each charging group based on the difference and the number of charging groups; determining the charging group to be adjusted from the charging groups, summing the charging increment with the charging margin corresponding to the charging group to be adjusted to obtain the target charging margin of the charging group to be adjusted; adjusting the preset charging value corresponding to the charging group to be adjusted based on the target charging margin, so that the difference between the sum of the adjusted charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharging groups is within a preset range; if the preset charging value corresponding to the adjusted charging group to be adjusted is greater than 100, then adjusting the preset discharge value corresponding to the charging group to be adjusted based on the target charging margin, so that the difference between the sum of the adjusted charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharging groups is within a preset range.

[0175] In some embodiments, if the adjusted discharge preset value corresponding to the charging group to be adjusted does not meet the preset conditions, the method further includes: From the discharge groups, determine the discharge group to be adjusted, and adjust the preset charging or discharging value of the discharge group to be adjusted so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range; wherein, the discharge group to be adjusted satisfies: ,in, This is the original discharge margin corresponding to the discharge group to be adjusted. L represents the missing charging margin, and L is the number of energy storage units corresponding to the discharge clusters in the discharge group to be adjusted. It is any energy storage unit in the discharge cluster of the discharge group to be adjusted. Battery capacity, It is an energy storage unit The current discharge preset value; or, select a neutral group and adjust the charging preset value or discharge preset value of the neutral group so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range; wherein, the neutral group satisfies: 100-Fpi≥ / L, where L is the energy storage unit corresponding to the charging cluster in the neutral group. Quantity, For energy storage units Current charging preset values.

[0176] In this embodiment, firstly, based on the difference between the total discharge margin and the total charging margin, and the number of charging groups, the charging increment Q allocated to each charging group is calculated. This charging increment represents the additional charging amount that each charging group theoretically needs to handle to achieve overall energy balance. Specifically, let the total discharge margin be S1, the total charging margin be S2, and the number of charging groups be m, then the charging increment Q can be expressed as: Q = (S1 - S2) / m.

[0177] Subsequently, one charging group is selected from all m charging groups as the charging group to be adjusted, and the original charging margin Y1 of the charging group is summed with the charging increment Q to obtain the target charging margin T of the charging group to be adjusted: T = Q + Y1. Wherein, T represents the target charging capacity that the charging group to be adjusted should achieve after adjustment.

[0178] Next, based on the target charging margin T, the preset charging value of the charging group to be adjusted is adjusted. Specifically, let the state of charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the discharge clusters in the charging group to be adjusted be a1 and a2, respectively, and the preset discharge value before adjustment be C; let the state of charge parameters of the energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters be b1 and b2, respectively, and the preset charging value before adjustment be D. Then, the preset charging value X after adjustment satisfies: ((X-b1)+(X-b2))-((a1-C)+(a2-C))= T (T=Q+Y1) Formula (8) Where ((X-b1)+(X-b2)) represents the total amount of charge that the adjusted charging cluster can absorb, ((a1-C)+(a2-C)) represents the amount of discharge corresponding to the discharge cluster, and the difference between the two represents the net charge margin generated by the charging group at the end.

[0179] If the adjusted charging preset value X is less than or equal to 100, it means that the charging preset value has not exceeded the SOC upper limit constraint, the current charging group to be adjusted is complete, and the next charging group can be adjusted. If the adjusted charging preset value X is greater than 100, it means that simply increasing the charging preset value cannot meet the target charging margin requirement. In this case, the discharge preset value corresponding to the charging group to be adjusted is further adjusted to reduce the discharge amount within the group, thereby indirectly increasing the net charging margin. The adjusted discharge preset value X satisfies: ((D-b1)+(D-b2))-((a1-X)+(a2-X))= T (T=Q+Y1) Formula (9) If the obtained discharge preset value meets the preset conditions, that is, it does not exceed the minimum SOC of the energy storage unit in the discharge cluster and is not less than 0, it indicates that the discharge preset value is reasonable and the current charging group adjustment is completed.

[0180] If the adjusted discharge preset value still does not meet the preset conditions, it means that the current charging group has reached the adjustment limit and cannot independently absorb all the target charging margin. At this time, calculate the maximum charging margin y that the current charging group can generate, y=((100-b1)+(100-b2))-((a1-C)+(a2-C)), and further calculate the still missing charging margin R1: R1 = T -y; where R1 represents the remaining charging gap that has not been absorbed after all feasible adjustments of the current charging group are completed.

[0181] In some embodiments, after calculating the missing charging margin R1, it can be further determined whether the missing charging margin is within a preset range. If R1 is less than a preset threshold (e.g., 5), it is considered that the current charging group has basically met the energy balance requirements after adjustment, and the remaining error has little impact on the overall system scheduling. Therefore, the adjustment of the current charging group ends, and it is further determined whether there are other charging groups to be adjusted.

[0182] If R1 is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, it means that even if the current charging group reaches its adjustable upper limit, it still cannot absorb all the target charging margin. At this time, it is further determined whether the current charging group to be adjusted is the last charging group. If the current charging group to be adjusted is not the last charging group, the remaining charging gap R1 is added to the target charging margin of the next charging group to be adjusted, and the next charging group continues to bear the remaining charging demand. If the current charging group to be adjusted is the last charging group, it means that all charging groups have reached the adjustment limit, but there is still a remaining charging gap in the system. At this time, the preset value of the discharge group or neutral group can be further adjusted to compensate for the remaining charging gap and achieve system energy balance.

[0183] In some embodiments, when the charging group cannot fully compensate for the missing charging margin, a discharge group to be adjusted can be further selected from the discharge groups for coordinated adjustment. The discharge group to be adjusted must meet the following requirements: This constraint ensures that the discharge group to be adjusted has sufficient discharge reduction space, meaning that the discharge group can still meet the operational constraints after reducing discharge. By adjusting the preset discharge or charging value of the discharge group to be adjusted, the overall discharge of the system can be reduced, thereby reducing the energy difference.

[0184] Alternatively, if a suitable discharge group cannot be found, a neutral group can be selected for regulation. A neutral group refers to an energy storage module that is currently neither a charging group nor a discharging group. The selected neutral group must satisfy: 100 - Fpi ≥ R1 / L. This condition ensures that the neutral group has sufficient remaining charging capacity, allowing it to be converted into a new charging group after increasing the preset charging value, and providing additional charging margin. This is to further eliminate energy imbalances in the system.

[0185] This embodiment dynamically adjusts the preset charging values ​​of charging groups when the total system discharge margin exceeds the total charging margin, thereby improving the rechargeability of each charging group. This allows the charging groups to absorb more energy released by the discharging groups, effectively reducing the energy supply-demand gap within the system. Furthermore, when the adjustment capacity of a single charging group reaches its limit, coordinated compensation can be achieved by adjusting the preset values ​​of other charging groups, discharging groups, or neutral groups, thus preventing overall energy imbalance caused by insufficient adjustment capacity of local energy storage modules. This enhances the energy absorption capacity within the energy storage system, reduces the waste of excess discharge energy, and strengthens the flexibility and stability of energy dispatching under complex operating conditions.

[0186] S145. When the number of charging groups is not equal to 0, the number of discharging groups is not equal to 0, and the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups is greater than the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups, adjust the discharge preset value corresponding to the discharging group according to the difference and the discharge margin of the discharging group, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range.

[0187] In this embodiment, the number of charging groups m≠0 and the number of discharging groups k≠0, meaning that energy storage modules in both charging and discharging states exist simultaneously in the system. When the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups is greater than the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups, it indicates that the current charging demand within the system exceeds the available discharging energy. This means the energy provided by the discharging side is insufficient to fully meet the energy demand of the charging side, resulting in a discharging energy gap in the system. In this case, to reduce the energy difference between the charging and discharging sides, the preset discharging value of each discharging group needs to be dynamically adjusted based on this difference and the corresponding discharging margin of each discharging group. This increases the releaseable energy of the discharging group, allowing more energy storage units to participate in the discharging process, thereby enhancing the system's ability to supply energy to the charging demand.

[0188] In some embodiments, adjusting the discharge preset value corresponding to the discharge group based on the difference and the discharge margin of the discharge group, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups after adjustment and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharge groups is within a preset range, includes: calculating the discharge increment allocated to each discharge group based on the difference and the number of discharge groups; determining the discharge group to be adjusted from the discharge groups, summing the discharge increment with the discharge margin corresponding to the discharge group to be adjusted to obtain the target discharge margin of the discharge group to be adjusted; adjusting the discharge preset value corresponding to the discharge group to be adjusted based on the target discharge margin, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups after adjustment and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharge groups is within a preset range; if the discharge preset value corresponding to the discharge group to be adjusted after adjustment does not meet a preset condition, then adjusting the charging preset value corresponding to the discharge group to be adjusted based on the target discharge margin, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups after adjustment and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharge groups is within a preset range.

[0189] In some embodiments, if the preset charging value corresponding to the adjusted discharge group is greater than 100, the method further includes: From the charging groups, determine the charging group to be adjusted, and adjust the preset charging or discharging value of the charging group to be adjusted so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range; wherein, the charging group to be adjusted satisfies: 0 ,in, This refers to the original charging margin corresponding to the charging group to be adjusted. L represents the missing charging margin, and L is the number of energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters in the charging group to be adjusted. It is any energy storage unit in the charging cluster of the charging group to be adjusted. Battery capacity, It is an energy storage unit The current charging preset value; or, select a neutral group and adjust the charging preset value or discharging preset value of the neutral group so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range; wherein, the neutral group satisfies: Wherein, L is the energy storage unit corresponding to the discharge cluster in the neutral group. Quantity, For energy storage units Current discharge preset value.

[0190] Specifically, firstly, based on the difference between the total charging margin and the total discharging margin, and the number of discharge groups, the discharge increment Q allocated to each discharge group is calculated. This discharge increment represents the additional discharge task that each discharge group theoretically needs to undertake to make up for the discharge gap in the system. Discharge increment Q = (Total charging margin S2 - Total discharging margin S1) / Number of discharge groups k.

[0191] Next, select one discharge group from discharge group k as the discharge group to be adjusted, and add the original discharge margin Y1 of the discharge group to the discharge increment Q to obtain the target discharge margin T corresponding to the discharge group A: T = Q + Y1. The target discharge margin represents the total amount of additional energy that the discharge group A to be adjusted needs to release on the basis of the original discharge.

[0192] Based on this, the preset discharge value corresponding to the discharge group A to be adjusted is adjusted first. Specifically, according to the target discharge margin T=Q+Y1 that the discharge group A to be adjusted needs to release, the preset discharge value of the discharge group A to be adjusted is adjusted. Here, the discharge clusters in discharge group A correspond to two energy storage devices with charge state parameters a1 and a2 respectively, and the preset discharge value before adjustment is C. The charging clusters in discharge group A correspond to two energy storage devices with charge state parameters b1 and b2 respectively, and the preset charging value before adjustment is D. The discharge margin of discharge group A is Y1. To make the discharge group A to be adjusted reach the target discharge margin, the preset discharge value X after the discharge cluster adjustment needs to be calculated, satisfying the following formula: ((a1-X)+(a2-X))-((D-b1)+(D-b2))= T(T=Q+Y1)Formula (10) If the new discharge preset value X is less than or equal to Min(a1, a2) and greater than or equal to 0, it indicates that the adjusted discharge preset value is still within the allowable discharge range of each energy storage unit in the discharge cluster. The current discharge group can release sufficient energy by lowering the discharge cutoff threshold to meet the target discharge demand. At this time, the adjustment of the current discharge group is completed, and it is determined whether there are other discharge groups to be adjusted. If there are no other discharge groups to be adjusted, all adjustments are ended; if there are, the next discharge group is selected from the remaining discharge groups as the new discharge group to be adjusted, A, and the above adjustment process is repeated until all discharge groups to be adjusted are adjusted.

[0193] If the newly obtained discharge preset value X does not meet the above preset conditions, it indicates that adjusting the discharge preset value alone cannot enable the current discharge group to release sufficient energy, or that the adjusted parameters have exceeded the safe operating range allowed by the energy storage unit. In this case, it is necessary to further adjust the charging preset value corresponding to the discharge group A to be adjusted in order to continue to increase the release capacity of the discharge group.

[0194] Specifically, let the state-of-charge (SOC) parameters of the two energy storage devices corresponding to the discharge clusters in discharge group A be a1 and a2, respectively, and the initial discharge preset value be C; let the SOC parameters of the two energy storage devices corresponding to the charging clusters be b1 and b2, respectively, and the initial charging preset value be D. The goal is to solve for the adjusted charging preset value X, which satisfies: ((X-b1)+(X-b2))-((a1-C)+(a2-C))= T (T=Q+Y1) Formula (11) Where T is the target discharge margin that needs to be released by the discharge group A to be adjusted.

[0195] If the new charging preset value X is less than or equal to 100 and greater than or equal to 0, it means that the adjusted charging preset value meets the constraint conditions. The current discharge group can reduce the charging demand within the group by adjusting the charging preset value corresponding to the charging cluster, thereby increasing the net discharge margin of the discharge group to meet the target discharge demand. This adjustment ends. Next, it is determined whether the discharge group A to be adjusted is the last discharge group to be adjusted. If it is, all adjustments end. If not, the next discharge group to be adjusted is obtained, and the above steps are repeated until all discharge groups to be adjusted are adjusted.

[0196] If the obtained new charging preset value X is greater than 100 and / or less than 0, calculate the maximum discharge margin that the discharge group A can generate after adjustment, and calculate the missing discharge margin. When the adjusted charging preset value still does not meet the constraints, it means that the current discharge group has reached the adjustment limit and cannot independently release all the target discharge margin. At this time, calculate the maximum discharge margin y that the discharge group A can generate, y = a1 + a2 - ((D - b1) + (D - b2)), and calculate the missing discharge margin R1 = Ty after the adjustment of the charging group A. Wherein, the maximum discharge margin y corresponds to the maximum net discharge capacity that the energy storage module can provide when the discharge cluster energy storage unit releases as much available power as possible and the charging cluster maintains the current charging preset value. R1 represents the remaining discharge gap that has not been released after the current discharge group has completed all feasible adjustments. If R1 < preset value (e.g., 5), it means that the remaining deviation is within the allowable range, and the current adjustment ends. Otherwise, determine whether the current discharge group A to be adjusted is the last discharge group to be adjusted.

[0197] If the current discharge group A to be adjusted is not the last discharge group to be adjusted, then the next discharge group to be adjusted is adjusted. Another discharge group is selected from the remaining discharge groups as the new discharge group A to be adjusted, and the target discharge margin to be released is calculated: T = R1 + Q + Y1, where Y1 is the original discharge margin corresponding to the newly selected discharge group to be adjusted, and R1 is the remaining discharge margin that the previous discharge group to be adjusted did not complete. That is, the next discharge group needs to inherit the unfinished discharge task of the previous discharge group. Then, the process jumps to the step of "adjusting the preset discharge value of discharge group A according to the required discharge margin T = Q + Y1" to continue adjusting the new discharge group to be adjusted.

[0198] If the current discharge group A to be adjusted is the last discharge group to be adjusted, meaning that after adjusting all discharge groups, the system still has an unreleased discharge margin R1, it indicates that relying solely on discharge group adjustments cannot achieve system energy balance. In this case, further adjustments to the charging group or non-charging / discharging group are needed to supplement the missing discharge margin.

[0199] Further adjustments can be made by selecting a charging group from the charging groups for coordinated regulation. The selected charging group must have an original charging margin greater than R1, and the adjusted charging preset value must still meet the safety constraints. By reducing the charging preset value of the charging group or adjusting its discharging preset value, its charging demand can be reduced, thereby reducing the overall charging-side load of the system and indirectly compensating for the discharging gap.

[0200] Alternatively, a neutral group can be selected for energy regulation. A neutral group refers to an energy storage module that is currently neither a charging group nor a discharging group. By adjusting the preset discharge or charging values ​​of the neutral group, it can be converted into a new discharging group to supplement the system's insufficient discharge margin. The selected neutral group must ensure that the energy storage units within its discharge cluster have sufficient releaseable energy, i.e., satisfying the following: Therefore, when all existing discharge groups have reached their adjustment limits, the adjustable capacity within the system can be expanded by introducing a neutral group, thereby improving the system's energy balance capability.

[0201] When charging and discharging groups coexist and the overall system charging margin exceeds the discharging margin, this solution prioritizes adjusting the discharge preset value corresponding to the discharging group to enhance its discharge capacity. If adjusting the discharge preset value alone cannot meet the target discharge demand, the charging preset value corresponding to the discharging group is further adjusted to further unleash the discharge potential of the energy storage modules. If a single discharging group still has a remaining discharge gap after reaching its adjustment limit, the unfinished discharge tasks are gradually distributed to other discharging groups for coordinated adjustment. When all discharging groups are unable to meet the system's required discharge demand, charging groups or neutral groups are further introduced to participate in energy compensation. This fully leverages the adjustability of each energy storage module within the system, achieving dynamic energy balance between the charging and discharging sides, reducing overall system energy mismatch, improving the energy utilization rate and scheduling flexibility of the energy storage system, and preventing system stability and energy storage unit lifespan from being affected by overcharging and discharging of local energy storage units.

[0202] The following example illustrates how energy scheduling can be performed when the number of charging groups m is not equal to 0 and the number of discharging groups k is not equal to 0.

[0203] Example 1: If the total discharge margin S1 > the total charge margin S2;

[0204] T1 / T2 are charging groups with a total charging margin of 15%, and T3 / T4 / T5 are discharging groups with a total discharging margin of 21%. The total discharging margin minus the total charging margin equals 6%, meaning that each of the T1 and T2 groups needs to generate an additional 3% charging margin.

[0205] Adjust the charging preset values ​​of T1 and T2 according to the following formula: (X-70)+(X-60)-((95-70)+(85-70))=10+3, so X≈92; (X-60)+(X-55)-((80-40)+(70-40))=5+3, so X≈97; The T1 charging preset value is adjusted to 92%, resulting in a charging margin of 14%.

[0206] The T2 charging preset value is adjusted to 97%, resulting in a charging margin of 9%.

[0207] At this point, |Total Discharge Margin - Total Charging Margin| = |21 - 23| = 2%, which is within the error range. The adjusted charging preset value and charging margin are shown in the table below:

[0208] Example 2: If the total discharge margin S1 < the total charge margin S2;

[0209] T1 / T2 / T5 are charging groups with a total charging margin of 26%, and T3 / T4 are discharging groups with a total discharging margin of 12%. |Total discharging margin - Total charging margin| = 14%, meaning that each of T3 and T4 needs to generate an additional 7% discharging margin.

[0210] Adjust the discharge preset values ​​of T3 and T4 according to the following formula: (87-X)+(50-X)-((50-30)+(50-20))=7+7, so X≈37; (45-X)+(40-X)-((50-30)+(50-10))=5+7, so X≈7; The T3 discharge preset value is adjusted to 37%, resulting in a discharge margin of 13%.

[0211] The T4 discharge preset value is adjusted to 7%, resulting in a discharge margin of 11%.

[0212] At this point, |Total Discharge Margin - Total Charging Margin| = |24 - 26| = 2%, which is within the error range. The adjusted discharge preset value and discharge margin are shown in the table below:

[0213] In some embodiments, based on the above-described energy storage module partitioning process, energy margin calculation process, and preset value dynamic adjustment method, a batch aging test process for energy storage devices can be further executed. First, the initial state of charge parameters of each energy storage unit in the multiple energy storage modules to be tested are obtained, and charging clusters and discharging clusters in each energy storage module are partitioned according to preset rules, thereby determining the charging group, discharging group, or neutral group corresponding to each energy storage module. Next, based on the charging and discharging margins of each energy storage module, the total charging margin and total discharging margin within the system are calculated, and it is determined whether the difference between the two is within a preset range. If the difference exceeds the preset range, the preset charging and / or discharging values ​​of the corresponding energy storage modules are dynamically adjusted according to the above embodiments to balance the charging demand and discharging supply within the system. After achieving energy balance, the energy storage units corresponding to the charging group are controlled to perform charging operations, and the energy storage units corresponding to the discharging group are controlled to perform discharging operations, enabling energy exchange between energy storage modules through transformer groups or energy management systems, thereby completing energy cycling with minimal external grid involvement. After one charge-discharge cycle, the real-time state of charge (SOC), voltage, temperature, and capacity decay parameters of each energy storage unit are re-acquired. Based on the updated SOC, cluster partitioning, margin calculation, and energy scheduling are re-executed to enter the next aging test cycle. This process is repeated until preset test conditions are met, such as: completing a preset number of charge-discharge cycles, energy storage unit capacity decay reaching a target threshold, energy storage unit internal resistance growth reaching a target threshold, and reaching a preset test duration. After the test, the aging status and performance consistency of each energy storage device are evaluated based on the capacity retention rate, internal resistance change, charge-discharge efficiency, and temperature rise of each energy storage unit during the aging process.

[0214] Through the aforementioned batch aging test process, multiple energy storage modules can complete a closed-loop energy cycle within the system, reducing the demand for external grid power and lowering test energy consumption and costs. Simultaneously, by dynamically adjusting the charging and discharging strategies of each energy storage module, the energy matching degree between energy storage devices with different states of charge can be improved, preventing some energy storage units from being in extreme charging and discharging states for extended periods, thereby enhancing the stability and efficiency of the aging test.

[0215] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of an energy dispatching device provided in an embodiment of this application. The energy dispatching device 20 can be applied to the energy storage system described in the above embodiment. The energy dispatching device 20 includes, but is not limited to: a state-of-charge parameter acquisition module 201, used to acquire the state-of-charge parameters of each energy storage unit in the energy storage module; a charge / discharge group division module 202, used to divide multiple energy storage modules into charging groups and discharging groups according to the state-of-charge parameters; a charge / discharge margin difference calculation module 203, used to acquire the charging margin corresponding to each charging group and the discharging margin corresponding to each discharging group, and calculate the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups; and an energy dispatching module 204, used to adjust the charge / discharge allocation of the energy storage units in the energy storage module when the difference exceeds a preset range, so that the difference between the adjusted sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within a preset range.

[0216] The energy scheduling device 20 can be a software module, which includes several instructions stored in a memory. The processor can access the memory and execute the instructions to complete the energy scheduling method described in the above embodiments.

[0217] In some embodiments, the energy dispatching device 20 can also be constructed from hardware devices. For example, the energy dispatching device 20 can be constructed from one or more chips, which can work in coordination to complete the energy dispatching methods described in the various embodiments. As another example, the energy dispatching device 20 can also be constructed from various logic devices, such as general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), microcontrollers, ARM (Acorn RISC Machine) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of these components.

[0218] It should be noted that the energy dispatching device 20 described above can execute the energy dispatching method for energy storage systems provided in the embodiments of this application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method. Technical details not described in detail in the embodiments of the energy dispatching device 20 can be found in the energy dispatching method for energy storage systems provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0219] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 30 includes one or more processors 31 and a memory 32. The memory 32 is connected to one or more processors 31, for example, via a bus.

[0220] Processor 31 is configured to support the electronic device 30 in performing the corresponding functions in the methods described in the above method embodiments. Processor 31 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a hardware chip, or any combination thereof. The aforementioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The aforementioned PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.

[0221] Memory 32 is used to store program code, etc. Memory 32 may include volatile memory (VM), such as random access memory (RAM); memory 32 may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid-state drive (SSD); memory 32 may also include combinations of the above types of memory.

[0222] The memory 32 can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer-executable programs, and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the energy scheduling method in the embodiments of this application. The processor 31 executes various functional applications and data processing of the energy scheduling method and energy scheduling device by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 32, that is, it realizes the functions of each module or unit of the energy scheduling method and energy scheduling device provided in the above method embodiments.

[0223] The memory 32 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function. The data storage area may store data created based on the use of the energy dispatching device. In some embodiments, the memory 32 may include memory remotely located relative to the processor 31, and this remote memory may be connected to the energy dispatching device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0224] The one or more modules are stored in the memory 32. When executed by the one or more processors 31, they perform the energy scheduling method in any of the above method embodiments. For example, they perform the method steps described in the above method embodiments to realize the functions of the modules described in the above device embodiments.

[0225] The electronic device 30 in this application embodiment can specifically be the host computer in the above system embodiment, which specifically includes an industrial control computer, a server, an embedded control system, or other electronic devices with data processing, storage, and communication functions, etc.

[0226] This application provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that are executed by one or more processors, for example... Figure 8 One of the processors 31 can enable the one or more processors to execute the energy scheduling method in any of the above method embodiments, for example, to execute the above-described... Figures 3 to 6 The methods, steps, and implementation in the text. Figure 7 The functionality of the modules within.

[0227] This application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions that, when executed by an electronic device, enable the electronic device to perform the energy scheduling method described in any of the above method embodiments, for example, to perform the above-described... Figures 3 to 6 The methods, steps, and implementation in the text. Figure 7 The functionality of the modules within.

[0228] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0229] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of this application shall still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An energy scheduling method, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the state of charge parameters of each energy storage unit in the energy storage module; Based on the state of charge parameters, the multiple energy storage units in each energy storage module are divided into charging clusters and discharging clusters. Based on the division of the charging clusters and the discharging clusters, as well as the preset charging value corresponding to the charging clusters and the preset discharging value corresponding to the discharging clusters, the energy storage modules corresponding to the divided charging clusters and discharging clusters are determined to be charging groups or discharging groups. Obtain the charging margin corresponding to each charging group and the discharging margin corresponding to each discharging group, and calculate the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups. When the difference exceeds the preset range, the charging and discharging distribution of the energy storage units in the energy storage module is adjusted so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the number of energy storage units in the energy storage module is an even number greater than or equal to 2, the step of dividing the multiple energy storage units in each energy storage module into charging clusters and discharging clusters according to the state of charge parameters includes: The energy storage units in the energy storage module are sorted according to the state of charge parameters from largest to smallest or from smallest to largest to obtain the sorting result of the energy storage units; Based on the sorting results, the energy storage units with the higher state of charge parameters are identified as discharge clusters, and the energy storage units with the lower state of charge parameters are identified as charging clusters. The discharge preset value corresponding to the discharge cluster is determined based on the minimum state of charge parameter in the discharge cluster, and the charging preset value corresponding to the charging cluster is determined based on the maximum state of charge parameter in the charging cluster.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the number of energy storage units in the energy storage module is an odd number greater than 2, the step of dividing the multiple energy storage units in each energy storage module into charging clusters and discharging clusters according to the state of charge parameters includes: The energy storage units in the energy storage module are sorted according to the state of charge parameters from largest to smallest or from smallest to largest to obtain the sorting result of the energy storage units; Based on the sorting results, when the state of charge parameters of the energy storage units are all greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, or when the state of charge parameters of the energy storage units are all less than the first preset threshold, the number of energy storage units corresponding to the discharge cluster is determined according to the first formula, and the energy storage units with higher state of charge parameters and corresponding to the number of energy storage units are selected from the sorting results as the discharge cluster, and the remaining energy storage units are selected as the charging cluster. The discharge preset value corresponding to the discharge cluster is determined based on the minimum state of charge parameter in the discharge cluster, and the charging preset value corresponding to the charging cluster is determined based on the maximum state of charge parameter in the charging cluster.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the sorting results, when the state of charge parameters of the energy storage unit include state of charge parameters greater than or equal to the first preset threshold and also include state of charge parameters less than the first preset threshold, the energy storage unit corresponding to the state of charge parameters greater than the first preset threshold is determined as a discharge cluster, and the energy storage unit corresponding to the state of charge parameters less than or equal to the first preset threshold is determined as a charging cluster. Based on the maximum state of charge parameter in the discharge cluster and the minimum state of charge parameter in the charging cluster, the preset discharge value corresponding to the discharge cluster and the preset charging value corresponding to the charging cluster are determined.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the energy storage modules corresponding to the divided charging clusters and discharging clusters are charging groups or discharging groups based on the divided charging clusters and discharging clusters, as well as the charging preset value corresponding to the charging clusters and the discharging preset value corresponding to the discharging clusters, includes: The charging amount corresponding to the charging cluster is calculated based on the preset charging value corresponding to the charging cluster and the state of charge parameter of each energy storage unit in the charging cluster. The discharge amount corresponding to the discharge cluster is calculated based on the preset discharge value corresponding to the discharge cluster and the state of charge parameter of each energy storage unit in the discharge cluster. When the charging amount is greater than the discharging amount, the energy storage modules corresponding to the divided charging clusters and discharging clusters are determined to be charging groups. When the discharge amount is greater than the charging amount, the energy storage modules corresponding to the divided charging clusters and discharge clusters are determined to be discharge groups.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the charging margin corresponding to each charging group and the discharging margin corresponding to each discharging group includes: The charging amount corresponding to the charging cluster and the discharging amount corresponding to the discharging cluster in the same charging group are subtracted to obtain the charging balance corresponding to the charging group. The discharge amount corresponding to the discharge cluster in the same discharge group is subtracted from the charging amount corresponding to the charging cluster to obtain the discharge margin corresponding to the discharge group.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment of the charging and discharging distribution of the energy storage units in the energy storage module, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range, includes: Obtain the number of the charging groups and the number of the discharging groups; When the number of charging groups is 0 and the number of discharging groups is greater than 1, based on the discharge margin corresponding to the discharge group, energy exchange charging groups and energy exchange discharging groups are determined from the discharge groups, and the discharge preset value or charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group is adjusted so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all the adjusted energy exchange charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all the energy exchange discharging groups is within the preset range. When the number of charging groups is greater than 1 and the number of discharging groups is 0, based on the charging margin corresponding to the charging group, energy exchange discharging groups and energy exchange charging groups are determined from the charging groups, and the charging preset value or discharging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharging group is adjusted so that the difference between the sum of the discharge margins of all the adjusted energy exchange discharging groups and the sum of the charging margins of all the energy exchange charging groups is within the preset range. When the number of charging groups is not equal to 0, the number of discharging groups is not equal to 0, and the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups is less than the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups, the charging preset value corresponding to the charging group is adjusted according to the difference and the charging margin of the charging group, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range. When the number of charging groups is not equal to 0, the number of discharging groups is not equal to 0, and the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups is greater than the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups, the discharge preset value corresponding to the discharging group is adjusted according to the difference and the discharge margin of the discharging group, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of determining energy exchange charging groups and energy exchange discharging groups from the discharge groups based on the discharge margin corresponding to the discharge groups, and adjusting the discharge preset value or charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging groups so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all the adjusted energy exchange charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all the energy exchange discharging groups is within the preset range includes: The discharge groups are sorted from largest to smallest according to their discharge margin to obtain the sorted discharge groups. The number of energy exchange charging groups, n, is determined based on the number of discharge groups. From the sorted discharge groups, the top n discharge groups are selected as the energy exchange charging groups, and the remaining discharge groups are selected as the energy exchange discharge groups. Calculate the total discharge margin corresponding to all the energy exchange discharge groups and divide it equally among the n energy exchange charging groups to obtain the average consumption value. Based on the average consumption value, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange charging group, the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange charging group, and the charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group, the discharge preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group is adjusted to obtain the adjusted discharge preset value. If the adjusted discharge preset value is less than the minimum state of charge parameter of the discharge cluster in the energy exchange charging group, then the adjustment of the current energy exchange charging group is completed; repeat the above process of adjusting the discharge preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group until the adjustment of all energy exchange charging groups is completed.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, If the adjusted discharge preset value is greater than or equal to the minimum state of charge parameter of the discharge cluster in the energy exchange charging group, the method further includes: Based on the average consumption value, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange charging group, the discharge preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group, and the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange charging group, the charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group is adjusted to obtain the adjusted charging preset value. If the adjusted charging preset value is less than or equal to 100, the adjustment of the current energy exchange charging group is completed; repeat the above process of adjusting the charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group until the adjustment of all energy exchange charging groups is completed.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, If the adjusted charging preset value is greater than 100, the method further includes: The maximum charging margin generated by the energy exchange charging group is calculated based on the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange charging group, the preset discharge value corresponding to the energy exchange charging group, and the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange charging group. The difference between the average consumption value and the maximum charging margin is calculated to obtain the missing charging margin of the energy exchange charging group. If the missing charging margin is within the preset range, then the adjustment of the current energy exchange charging group is completed; If the missing charging margin is not within the preset range, determine whether the current energy exchange charging group is the last unadjusted energy exchange charging group; If it is not the last unadjusted energy exchange charging group, then adjust the discharge preset value of the next energy exchange charging group according to the average consumption value and the missing charging margin. If it is the last unadjusted energy exchange charging group, then a neutral group is selected, and the charging preset value corresponding to the neutral group is adjusted according to the missing charging margin, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the neutral group, the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the neutral group, and the discharge preset value corresponding to the neutral group, so as to obtain the adjusted charging preset value. The neutral group satisfies the following preset conditions, which include: Each energy storage unit P corresponding to the charging cluster in the neutral group i The state of charge (SOC) parameter satisfies , For each energy storage unit P i The original charging preset value, L represents the missing charging margin, and L represents the number of energy storage units corresponding to the charging cluster in the neutral group. And / or, The mean value of the state of charge parameters of all energy storage units corresponding to the charging cluster in the neutral group is the smallest among all neutral groups.

11. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of determining energy exchange discharge groups and energy exchange charging groups from the charging groups based on the charging margin corresponding to the charging groups, and adjusting the charging preset value or discharging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge groups so that the difference between the sum of the discharge margins of all the adjusted energy exchange discharge groups and the sum of the charging margins of all the energy exchange charging groups is within the preset range includes: The charging groups are sorted from largest to smallest according to their remaining charging capacity to obtain the sorted charging groups. The number of energy exchange discharge groups n is determined based on the number of charging groups; From the sorted charging groups, the top n charging groups are selected as the energy exchange discharge groups, and the remaining charging groups are selected as the energy exchange charging groups. Calculate the total charging capacity corresponding to all the energy exchange charging groups and divide it equally among the n energy exchange discharging groups to obtain the average consumption value. Based on the average consumption value, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange discharge group, the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange discharge group, and the discharge preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group, the charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group is adjusted to obtain the adjusted charging preset value. If the adjusted charging preset value is greater than or equal to the maximum state of charge parameter of the charging cluster in the energy exchange discharge group, and less than 100, then the adjustment of the current energy exchange discharge group is completed; repeat the above process of adjusting the charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group until the adjustment of all energy exchange discharge groups is completed.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, If the adjusted preset charging value is less than the maximum state of charge parameter of the charging cluster in the energy exchange discharge group, or if the adjusted preset charging value is greater than or equal to 100, the method further includes: Based on the average consumption value, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange discharge group, the charging preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group, and the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange discharge group, the discharge preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group is adjusted to obtain the adjusted discharge preset value. If the adjusted discharge preset value is less than or equal to the minimum state of charge parameter of the discharge cluster in the energy exchange discharge group, then the adjustment of the current energy exchange discharge group is completed; repeat the above process of adjusting the discharge preset value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group until the adjustment of all energy exchange discharge groups is completed.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, If the adjusted discharge preset value is greater than the minimum state of charge parameter of the discharge cluster in the energy exchange discharge group, the method further includes: The maximum discharge margin generated by the energy exchange discharge group is calculated based on the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the energy exchange discharge group, the preset charging value corresponding to the energy exchange discharge group, and the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the energy exchange discharge group. The difference between the average consumption value and the maximum discharge margin is calculated to obtain the missing discharge margin of the energy exchange discharge group. If the missing discharge margin is within the preset range, then the adjustment of the current energy exchange discharge group is completed; If the missing discharge margin is not within the preset range, determine whether the current energy exchange discharge group is the last unadjusted energy exchange discharge group; If it is not the last unadjusted energy exchange discharge group, then adjust the charging preset value of the next energy exchange discharge group according to the average consumption value and the missing discharge margin. If it is the last unadjusted energy exchange discharge group, then a neutral group is selected, and the discharge preset value corresponding to the neutral group is adjusted according to the missing discharge margin, the state of charge parameters of the discharge clusters in the neutral group, the state of charge parameters of the charging clusters in the neutral group, and the charging preset value corresponding to the neutral group, so as to obtain the adjusted discharge preset value. The neutral group satisfies the following preset conditions, which include: Each energy storage unit P corresponding to the charging cluster in the neutral group i The state of charge (SOC) parameter satisfies , For each energy storage unit P i The original charging preset value, L represents the missing discharge margin, and L represents the number of energy storage units corresponding to the charging cluster in the neutral group. And / or, The mean value of the state of charge parameters of all energy storage units corresponding to the discharge cluster in the neutral group is the largest among all neutral groups.

14. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the preset charging value corresponding to the charging group based on the difference and the charging margin of the charging group, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range, includes: Based on the difference and the number of charging groups, calculate the charging increment allocated to each charging group; From the charging groups, determine the charging group to be adjusted, and sum the charging increment with the charging margin corresponding to the charging group to be adjusted to obtain the target charging margin of the charging group to be adjusted. Based on the target charging margin, adjust the preset charging value corresponding to the charging group to be adjusted so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups after adjustment and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range. If the adjusted preset charging value of the charging group to be adjusted is greater than 100, then the preset discharging value of the charging group to be adjusted is adjusted according to the target charging margin, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, If the adjusted discharge preset value corresponding to the charging group to be adjusted does not meet the preset conditions, the method further includes: From the discharge groups, determine the discharge group to be adjusted, and adjust the preset charging or discharging value of the discharge group to be adjusted so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range; wherein, the discharge group to be adjusted satisfies: ,in, This is the original discharge margin corresponding to the discharge group to be adjusted. L represents the missing charging margin, and L is the number of energy storage units corresponding to the discharge clusters in the discharge group to be adjusted. It is any energy storage unit in the discharge cluster of the discharge group to be adjusted. Battery capacity, It is an energy storage unit Current discharge preset value; or, Select a neutral group and adjust the preset charging or discharging values ​​of the neutral group so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range; wherein, the neutral group satisfies: 100-Fpi≥R1 / L, where L is the energy storage unit corresponding to the charging cluster in the neutral group. Quantity, For energy storage units Current charging preset values.

16. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the preset discharge value corresponding to the discharge group based on the difference and the discharge margin of the discharge group, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharge groups is within the preset range, includes: Based on the difference and the number of discharge groups, calculate the discharge increment allocated to each discharge group; From the discharge groups, determine the discharge group to be adjusted, and sum the discharge increment with the discharge margin corresponding to the discharge group to be adjusted to obtain the target discharge margin of the discharge group to be adjusted. According to the target discharge margin, adjust the discharge preset value corresponding to the discharge group to be adjusted so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range. If the preset discharge value corresponding to the adjusted discharge group does not meet the preset conditions, the preset charging value corresponding to the discharge group to be adjusted is adjusted according to the target discharge margin, so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all adjusted charging groups and the sum of the discharge margins of all discharge groups is within the preset range.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, If the adjusted preset charging value corresponding to the discharge group to be adjusted is greater than 100, the method further includes: From the charging groups, determine the charging group to be adjusted, and adjust the preset charging or discharging value of the charging group to be adjusted so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range; wherein, the charging group to be adjusted satisfies: 0 ,in, This refers to the original charging margin corresponding to the charging group to be adjusted. L represents the missing charging margin, and L is the number of energy storage units corresponding to the charging clusters in the charging group to be adjusted. It is any energy storage unit in the charging cluster of the charging group to be adjusted. Battery capacity, It is an energy storage unit Current charging preset values; or, Select a neutral group and adjust the preset charging or discharging value of the neutral group so that the difference between the sum of the charging margins of all charging groups and the sum of the discharging margins of all discharging groups is within the preset range; wherein, the neutral group satisfies: Wherein, L is the energy storage unit corresponding to the discharge cluster in the neutral group. Quantity, For energy storage units Current discharge preset value.

18. An energy storage system, characterized in that, include: An energy storage conversion circuit includes multiple energy storage modules and multiple transformers. Each energy storage module includes multiple energy storage units, and the multiple energy storage modules are connected to the multiple transformers in a one-to-one correspondence. A processor connected to the energy storage conversion circuit, the processor being configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

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