Wind farm station hybrid super capacitor-based unit primary frequency modulation method and device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on wind power station hybrid super capacitor unit primary frequency modulation method and device, method includes collecting coal power unit side frequency data and wind power station output fluctuation data, power shortage is calculated in combination with wind power characteristics, configure matching hybrid super capacitor energy storage system, it is deeply coupled with wind power station, unit frequency modulation loop, synchronous response primary frequency modulation and wind power fluctuation suppression demand, monthly dynamic calibration adjustment energy storage parameter, solve the defect such as insufficient multi-source coupling, energy storage mismatch is not reasonable, improve energy storage adaptability and power grid frequency stability, adapt to the frequency modulation demand under new energy high penetration rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of primary frequency regulation control technology for wind farms and coal-fired power units, specifically relating to a method and device for primary frequency regulation of units based on hybrid supercapacitors in wind farms. Background Technology

[0002] As the core power source of the power system, the primary frequency regulation performance of coal-fired power units directly affects the frequency stability and power supply reliability of the power grid. With the advancement of the dual-carbon strategy, the penetration rate of wind farms continues to increase. The intermittent and fluctuating characteristics of wind farm output easily cause frequency disturbances in the power grid, further exacerbating the frequency regulation pressure on coal-fired power units. Existing primary frequency regulation of coal-fired power units mostly relies on the response of their own speed control systems. However, due to limitations such as mechanical inertia and regulation delay, there are problems such as slow response speed and insufficient frequency regulation accuracy. It is difficult to simultaneously meet the conventional frequency regulation needs and the additional frequency regulation needs caused by the output fluctuations of wind farms, and thus cannot meet the stringent requirements of the power grid for frequency regulation response.

[0003] To improve this situation, the industry has attempted to introduce energy storage systems to assist frequency regulation, with supercapacitors attracting significant attention due to their advantages such as fast charging and discharging speeds and long cycle life. However, existing energy storage-assisted frequency regulation solutions generally do not consider the impact of power output fluctuations at wind farms, fail to achieve deep coupling between wind farms, energy storage systems, and coal-fired power unit frequency regulation circuits, and exhibit unreasonable matching between energy storage capacity and power deficit and wind power fluctuation mitigation needs. Furthermore, the lack of dynamic verification and adjustment mechanisms results in low energy storage response efficiency and poor long-term adaptability, failing to fully leverage the dual functions of auxiliary frequency regulation and wind power fluctuation mitigation, and making it difficult to meet the grid frequency regulation needs under high penetration rates of new energy sources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and device for primary frequency regulation of a unit based on a hybrid supercapacitor in a wind farm, in order to solve the technical defects of coal-fired power units, such as slow frequency regulation response, low accuracy, failure to consider wind power fluctuations, insufficient multi-source coupling, unreasonable energy storage matching, and lack of dynamic verification.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: A first aspect of this application provides a primary frequency regulation method for wind turbine units based on hybrid supercapacitors in wind farms, comprising: Collect frequency data from coal-fired power units and power output fluctuation data from wind farms, and combine the power output fluctuation characteristics of wind farms to determine the power deficit of the coal-fired power units. Configure a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system that matches the power deficit and the demand for smoothing power output fluctuations in wind farms; deeply couple the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, wind farms, and coal-fired power unit frequency regulation circuits; When the frequency difference on the side of the coal-fired power unit exceeds the dead zone, or when the power output fluctuation of the wind farm causes frequency disturbance of the unit, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, which is deeply coupled with the frequency regulation circuit of the coal-fired power unit, is fully charged and discharged to simultaneously respond to the primary frequency regulation demand and the power output fluctuation smoothing demand of the wind farm. After the frequency difference on the side of the coal-fired power unit returns to the dead zone and the wind power output tends to stabilize, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system starts slow recharging. The cumulative distribution ratio of effective frequency difference on the coal-fired power unit side and power output fluctuation of wind farm is checked monthly. If the ratio is lower than the preset value, the maximum effective frequency difference is increased proportionally, the power deficit is recalculated, and the matching parameters of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system are adjusted to ensure that the energy storage response is continuously adapted to the needs of unit frequency regulation and wind farm fluctuation smoothing.

[0006] Furthermore, the process of collecting frequency data from coal-fired power units and power output fluctuation data from wind farms to determine the power deficit of the coal-fired power units specifically includes: Raw data of the unit-side frequency of the coal-fired power unit and the raw data of the output fluctuation of the wind farm were collected in one-second increments over the past year. A comprehensive database was formed using the two types of raw data, and the power deficit of the coal-fired power unit was calculated based on the data in the comprehensive database.

[0007] Furthermore, the power deficit of the coal-fired power unit was calculated, specifically as follows: Based on the original frequency data of coal-fired power units and the original power output fluctuation data of wind farms in the comprehensive database, the effective frequency difference is first calculated, and then dead zone data with an effective frequency difference less than or equal to zero, invalid points generated under abnormal operating conditions, and invalid data corresponding to extreme power output fluctuations of wind farms are removed. Using 0.001 Hz as the step size, a probability density curve is plotted for the remaining effective frequency difference after elimination, and the cumulative distribution is calculated. The minimum effective frequency difference maximum value that makes the cumulative distribution ratio not less than 95% is selected. The power deficit of the coal-fired power unit is calculated by dividing the maximum value by 50 and the product of the unit side speed inequality rate, and then multiplying by the rated power of the unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the deep coupling of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, wind farm, and coal-fired power unit frequency regulation circuit specifically includes: The hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is connected to the 6 kV busbar section of the plant via a step-up transformer and a bidirectional converter, and the wind farm is connected to the plant via a box-type transformer, so that the three are deeply coupled with the frequency regulation circuit of the coal-fired power unit.

[0009] Furthermore, after the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system initiates slow recharge, it also includes: By using slow recharge to maintain the remaining power of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system within the range of 30% to 70%, and reserving the adjustment margin required for smoothing the output fluctuations of wind farms, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system can respond to the subsequent primary frequency regulation of coal-fired power units and the fluctuation smoothing needs of wind farms.

[0010] Furthermore, the preset value is 94%, and the specific percentage of the proportional increase is 5%.

[0011] A second aspect of this application provides a deep coupling system for primary frequency regulation of a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to synchronously acquire frequency data from coal-fired power units and power output fluctuation data from wind farms; the power deficit calculation module is used to calculate the power deficit of coal-fired power units by combining the power output fluctuation characteristics of wind farms. The configuration module is used to configure a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system that matches the power deficit and the demand for smoothing power output fluctuations in wind farms; the coupling connection module is used to deeply couple the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, wind farms, and coal-fired power unit frequency regulation circuits. The charging and discharging control module is used to control the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to fully charge and discharge when the frequency difference on the coal-fired power unit side exceeds the dead zone or the frequency disturbance caused by the power output fluctuation of the wind farm station. It synchronously responds to the needs of primary frequency regulation and wind power fluctuation suppression. After the frequency difference returns to the dead zone and the wind power output stabilizes, it controls the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to start slow recharging. The parameter verification and adjustment module is used to verify the cumulative distribution ratio of the effective frequency difference on the coal-fired power unit side and the power output fluctuation of the wind farm station every month. If the ratio is lower than the preset value, the maximum effective frequency difference will be increased proportionally, the power deficit will be recalculated and the energy storage matching parameters will be adjusted to ensure that the energy storage response is continuously adapted to the needs of unit frequency regulation and wind farm station fluctuation smoothing.

[0012] A third aspect of this application provides a mobile device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of a primary frequency regulation method for a wind farm-based hybrid supercapacitor as described above.

[0013] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a primary frequency regulation method for a wind farm-based hybrid supercapacitor as described above.

[0014] A fifth aspect of this application provides a computer program product including computer instructions that instruct a computing device to perform an operation corresponding to a primary frequency regulation method for a wind farm-based hybrid supercapacitor, as described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By collecting dual-source data from coal-fired power units and wind farms, and calculating power deficits based on wind power characteristics, the system addresses the shortcomings of not considering wind power fluctuations and unreasonable energy storage matching. Furthermore, by deeply coupling a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system with the frequency regulation circuits of wind farms and generating units, the system resolves the problem of insufficient multi-source coupling. Monthly dynamic verification and adjustment of energy storage parameters address the lack of dynamic verification and poor long-term adaptability, compensating for the slow frequency regulation response and low accuracy of the generating units themselves. This achieves a dual effect of multi-source coordinated frequency regulation and wind power fluctuation mitigation, improving energy storage response efficiency and long-term adaptability, enhancing grid frequency stability, and meeting the frequency regulation needs under high new energy penetration rates. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of a primary frequency regulation method for a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor is provided by the present invention. Figure 2 This invention provides a schematic diagram of a primary frequency regulation system for a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0020] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0021] To address the technical deficiencies mentioned in the background section, this embodiment provides a method and apparatus for primary frequency regulation of a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor.

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1 As shown, in a first aspect of the present invention, a method for primary frequency regulation of a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor is provided, comprising: S101. Collect frequency data from the coal-fired power unit and power output fluctuation data from the wind farm, and combine the power output fluctuation characteristics of the wind farm to determine the power deficit of the coal-fired power unit. For example, raw unit-side frequency data f of a coal-fired power unit for nearly one year is collected in one-second increments. A database is formed using the raw data, and the effective frequency difference is calculated based on the raw frequency data in this database. The power deficit of the coal-fired power unit was determined.

[0023] The power deficit of the coal-fired power unit was calculated as follows: Based on the original frequency data of the coal-fired power units in the database, the effective frequency difference is first calculated, and then dead zone data with an effective frequency difference less than or equal to zero, as well as invalid points generated under abnormal operating conditions, are removed. With a step size of 0.001 Hz, a probability density curve is plotted for the remaining effective frequency difference after removal, and the cumulative distribution is calculated. The minimum effective frequency difference maximum value that makes the cumulative distribution ratio not less than 95% is selected. The power deficit of the coal-fired power unit is calculated by dividing the maximum value by 50 and the product of the unit-side speed inequality rate, and then multiplying by the rated power of the unit.

[0024] Specifically, the calculation formula is: Δf=|f-50|-0.033, and then dead zone data with Δf≤0 and invalid points generated under abnormal operating conditions are removed.

[0025] Using a step size of 0.001Hz, plot the probability density curve for the remaining effective frequency difference after elimination, and calculate its cumulative distribution F(Δf). Select the minimum effective frequency difference maximum value Δfmax that makes the cumulative distribution proportion F(Δfmax) ≥ 95%; S1014. Calculate the power deficit ΔPmax according to the preset formula, the formula is ΔPmax=Δfmax / (50 δ%) P, where δ% is the unit-side speed inequality rate, P is the rated power of the coal-fired power unit, and finally the power deficit ΔPmax of the coal-fired power unit is obtained.

[0026] S102. Configure a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system that matches the power deficit and the demand for smoothing out power fluctuations in wind farms; For example, based on the power deficit ΔPmax obtained in step S101, a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system with an energy storage capacity of 10 min is configured, and the system size is set to ΔPmax×10 min (for example, when ΔPmax is 8 MW, the energy storage system size is 8 MW×10 min).

[0027] Then, the cycle life of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is ≥80,000 times, the charge-discharge rate is ≥6C, and it has high safety performance with no risk of fire or explosion, and can be centrally deployed in the factory.

[0028] Finally, based on the aforementioned core parameters and performance requirements, we selected a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system that meets the standards to ensure that its power, capacity, and performance indicators are precisely matched with the power deficit and frequency regulation requirements of coal-fired power units.

[0029] S103. Deeply couple the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, wind farm, and coal-fired power unit frequency regulation circuit; For example, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is connected to the 6kV bus section of the plant via a step-up transformer and a bidirectional converter; specifically, a 6kV / 0.69kV step-up transformer and a bidirectional PCS (bidirectional converter) are configured, wherein the efficiency of the bidirectional PCS must be ≥92% to ensure the high efficiency of energy conversion and transmission.

[0030] Then, the selected and configured hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is connected to the 6kV busbar section of the coal-fired power unit through the 6kV / 0.69kV step-up transformer to establish an electrical connection path between the energy storage system and the unit's frequency regulation circuit.

[0031] Finally, through the specific access methods and equipment configurations described above, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is deeply coupled with the frequency regulation circuit of the coal-fired power unit, ensuring that the energy storage system can accurately respond to the unit's frequency regulation signal and quickly participate in the primary frequency regulation action.

[0032] S104. When the frequency difference on the side of the coal-fired power unit exceeds the dead zone, or when the power output fluctuation of the wind farm causes frequency disturbance of the unit, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, which is deeply coupled with the frequency regulation circuit of the coal-fired power unit, is fully charged and discharged to simultaneously respond to the primary frequency regulation demand and the power output fluctuation smoothing demand of the wind farm. After the frequency difference on the side of the coal-fired power unit returns to the dead zone and the wind power output tends to stabilize, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system starts slow recharging. For example, by slow recharging, the remaining power of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is maintained in the range of 30% to 70%, so that the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system can respond to the primary frequency regulation requirements of subsequent coal-fired power units.

[0033] Specifically, the frequency difference status of the coal-fired power unit is monitored in real time. When the frequency difference exceeds the dead zone range, the primary frequency regulation response mechanism of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is triggered. The hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system starts full charging and discharging within 100ms, outputting or absorbing the corresponding power according to the primary frequency regulation requirements. The entire process does not require the coal-fired power unit's own speed regulation system to participate in the response. Then, the frequency difference change is continuously monitored. When the frequency difference of the coal-fired power unit returns to the dead zone and the dead zone state is maintained for 5s, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is controlled to exit the frequency regulation response state.

[0034] When the slow recharge mode is activated, the SOC (remaining power) of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is maintained in the range of 30%-70% through recharge control, so as to prepare energy reserves for subsequent primary frequency regulation needs. This operation strategy can be optimized and adjusted according to the two local regulations.

[0035] S105. Monthly check the cumulative distribution ratio of effective frequency difference on the coal-fired power unit side and power output fluctuation of wind farm. If the ratio is lower than the preset value, increase the maximum effective frequency difference proportionally, recalculate the power deficit and adjust the matching parameters of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to ensure that the energy storage response is continuously adapted to the needs of unit frequency regulation and wind farm fluctuation smoothing.

[0036] For example, the preset value is 94%, and the specific percentage of the proportional increase is 5%.

[0037] Specifically, the latest frequency operation data from the coal-fired power units is extracted monthly, and the effective frequency difference is recalculated and its cumulative distribution ratio F(Δfmax) is calculated according to the calculation logic of the above steps. Next, the preset value is set to 94%, and the cumulative distribution ratio F(Δfmax) calculated this time is compared with the preset value.

[0038] If F(Δfmax) ≥ 94%, the original matching parameters of the current hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system will remain unchanged; if F(Δfmax) < 94%, the effective frequency difference maximum value Δfmax will be automatically increased by 5%, and then calculated according to the formula ΔPmax = Δfmax / (50 δ%) P recalculates the updated power deficit ΔPmax.

[0039] Finally, based on the updated power deficit ΔPmax, the matching parameters of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system are adjusted to ensure that its power and capacity configuration are always accurately matched with the actual frequency regulation requirements of the coal-fired power units, thus ensuring the reliability and effectiveness of the subsequent primary frequency regulation response.

[0040] A second aspect of this invention provides a deep coupling system for primary frequency regulation of a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes: The data acquisition module is used to synchronously acquire frequency data from coal-fired power units and power output fluctuation data from wind farms; the power deficit calculation module is used to calculate the power deficit of coal-fired power units by combining the power output fluctuation characteristics of wind farms. The configuration module is used to configure a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system that matches the power deficit and the demand for smoothing power output fluctuations in wind farms; the coupling connection module is used to deeply couple the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, wind farms, and coal-fired power unit frequency regulation circuits. The charging and discharging control module is used to control the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to fully charge and discharge when the frequency difference on the coal-fired power unit side exceeds the dead zone or the frequency disturbance caused by the power output fluctuation of the wind farm station. It synchronously responds to the needs of primary frequency regulation and wind power fluctuation suppression. After the frequency difference returns to the dead zone and the wind power output stabilizes, it controls the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to start slow recharging. The parameter verification and adjustment module is used to verify the cumulative distribution ratio of the effective frequency difference on the coal-fired power unit side and the power output fluctuation of the wind farm station every month. If the ratio is lower than the preset value, the maximum effective frequency difference will be increased proportionally, the power deficit will be recalculated and the energy storage matching parameters will be adjusted to ensure that the energy storage response is continuously adapted to the needs of unit frequency regulation and wind farm station fluctuation smoothing.

[0041] The aforementioned system drives the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to fully respond to frequency regulation requirements within 100ms through a charge and discharge control module, replacing the unit's own speed regulation system with a response time of 5-10s. This completely solves the hysteresis problem caused by mechanical inertia, effectively compensates for the unit's own slow frequency regulation response and low accuracy, significantly improves frequency regulation accuracy, and, in conjunction with full charge and discharge control, achieves a first-time frequency regulation qualification rate of ≥99%, helping to reduce assessment costs and obtain frequency regulation compensation.

[0042] The hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system selected by the configuration module has a cycle life of ≥80,000 cycles, far exceeding the 3,000-6,000 cycles of lithium-ion batteries. It also eliminates the risk of fire and explosion, and does not require a complex fire protection and heat dissipation system. It avoids the shortcomings of lithium-ion batteries, such as short auxiliary frequency regulation life, safety issues, thermal runaway hazards, and large footprint, while achieving a cycle life of 80,000-100,000 cycles (30 years without replacement), demonstrating outstanding safety and economy. At the same time, the module is designed as a 10-minute capacity energy storage system, which can cover minute-level power deficits without the need for additional energy storage for replenishment, simplifying the system structure and solving the problem of insufficient energy in double-layer supercapacitors.

[0043] The coupling connection module achieves deep coupling between the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system and the unit's frequency regulation circuit through a 6kV / 0.69kV step-up transformer and a bidirectional PCS (efficiency ≥92%). Combined with the monthly dynamic adjustment mechanism of the parameter verification and adjustment module, it solves the problems of low coupling degree, poor adaptability, and mismatch between fixed configuration and actual needs in existing energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation. It can ensure that the energy storage system always matches the unit's frequency regulation needs without manual intervention, thus ensuring long-term operational reliability.

[0044] In addition, this system enables more than 95% of the unit's frequency regulation actions to be performed without self-response, reduces the number of valve actions by 70%, extends equipment life by 15,000 hours, extends the overhaul cycle from 6 years to 8 years, reduces coal consumption and valve erosion, and the energy storage system can be centrally arranged in the plant, saving land acquisition and fire protection costs. The annual net profit of a 330MW unit can reach 18-22 million yuan, with an investment payback period of only 4-5 years.

[0045] A third aspect of the present invention provides a mobile device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a primary frequency regulation method for a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor as described above.

[0046] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a primary frequency regulation method for a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor as described above.

[0047] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product including computer instructions that instruct a computing device to perform an operation corresponding to a primary frequency regulation method for a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor.

[0048] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for primary frequency regulation of a wind farm unit based on a hybrid supercapacitor, characterized in that, include: Collect frequency data from coal-fired power units and power output fluctuation data from wind farms, and combine the power output fluctuation characteristics of wind farms to determine the power deficit of the coal-fired power units. Configure a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system that matches the power deficit and the need to smooth out power fluctuations in wind farms; The hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, wind farm, and coal-fired power unit frequency regulation circuit are deeply coupled. When the frequency difference on the side of the coal-fired power unit exceeds the dead zone, or when the power output fluctuation of the wind farm causes frequency disturbance of the unit, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, which is deeply coupled with the frequency regulation circuit of the coal-fired power unit, is fully charged and discharged to simultaneously respond to the primary frequency regulation demand and the power output fluctuation smoothing demand of the wind farm. After the frequency difference on the side of the coal-fired power unit returns to the dead zone and the wind power output tends to stabilize, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system starts slow recharging. The cumulative distribution ratio of effective frequency difference on the coal-fired power unit side and power output fluctuation of wind farm is checked monthly. If the ratio is lower than the preset value, the maximum effective frequency difference is increased proportionally, the power deficit is recalculated, and the matching parameters of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system are adjusted to ensure that the energy storage response is continuously adapted to the needs of unit frequency regulation and wind farm fluctuation smoothing.

2. The method for primary frequency regulation of a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of collecting frequency data from coal-fired power units and power output fluctuation data from wind farms to determine the power deficit of the coal-fired power units specifically includes: Raw data of the unit-side frequency of the coal-fired power unit and the raw data of the output fluctuation of the wind farm were collected in one-second increments over the past year. A comprehensive database was formed using the two types of raw data, and the power deficit of the coal-fired power unit was calculated based on the data in the comprehensive database.

3. The method for primary frequency regulation of a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The power deficit of the coal-fired power unit was calculated as follows: Based on the original frequency data of coal-fired power units and the original power output fluctuation data of wind farms in the comprehensive database, the effective frequency difference is first calculated, and then dead zone data with an effective frequency difference less than or equal to zero, invalid points generated under abnormal operating conditions, and invalid data corresponding to extreme power output fluctuations of wind farms are removed. Using 0.001 Hz as the step size, a probability density curve is plotted for the remaining effective frequency difference after elimination, and the cumulative distribution is calculated. The minimum effective frequency difference maximum value that makes the cumulative distribution ratio not less than 95% is selected. The power deficit of the coal-fired power unit is calculated by dividing the maximum value by 50 and the product of the unit side speed inequality rate, and then multiplying by the rated power of the unit.

4. The method for primary frequency regulation of a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The deep coupling of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, wind farm, and coal-fired power unit frequency regulation circuit specifically includes: The hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system is connected to the 6 kV busbar section of the plant via a step-up transformer and a bidirectional converter, and the wind farm is connected to the plant via a box-type transformer, so that the three are deeply coupled with the frequency regulation circuit of the coal-fired power unit.

5. The method for primary frequency regulation of a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system starts slow recharge, it also includes: By using slow recharge to maintain the remaining power of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system within the range of 30% to 70%, and reserving the adjustment margin required for smoothing the output fluctuations of wind farms, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system can respond to the subsequent primary frequency regulation of coal-fired power units and the fluctuation smoothing needs of wind farms.

6. The method for primary frequency regulation of a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preset value is 94%, and the specific percentage of the proportional increase is 5%.

7. A deep coupling system for primary frequency regulation of a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to synchronously collect frequency data from coal-fired power units and power output fluctuation data from wind farms. The power deficit calculation module is used to calculate the power deficit of coal-fired power units by combining the output fluctuation characteristics of wind farms. The configuration module is used to configure a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system that matches the needs of power deficit and wind farm output fluctuation mitigation. The coupling connection module is used to deeply couple the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system, wind farm, and coal-fired power unit frequency regulation circuit; The charging and discharging control module is used to control the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to fully charge and discharge when the frequency difference on the coal-fired power unit side exceeds the dead zone or the frequency disturbance caused by the power output fluctuation of the wind farm station. It synchronously responds to the needs of primary frequency regulation and wind power fluctuation suppression. After the frequency difference returns to the dead zone and the wind power output stabilizes, it controls the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage system to start slow recharging. The parameter verification and adjustment module is used to verify the cumulative distribution ratio of the effective frequency difference on the coal-fired power unit side and the power output fluctuation of the wind farm station every month. If the ratio is lower than the preset value, the maximum effective frequency difference will be increased proportionally, the power deficit will be recalculated and the energy storage matching parameters will be adjusted to ensure that the energy storage response is continuously adapted to the needs of unit frequency regulation and wind farm station fluctuation smoothing.

8. A mobile device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the primary frequency regulation method for a wind farm based on a hybrid supercapacitor as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the primary frequency regulation method for a unit based on a hybrid supercapacitor in a wind farm as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product comprising computer instructions, characterized in that, The computer instructions instruct the computing device to perform the operation corresponding to the unit primary frequency regulation method based on the hybrid supercapacitor of the wind farm as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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