A voltage regulating system applied to a power distribution network and a mounting structure

Abstract

The application relates to a voltage regulating system and mounting structure applied to a power distribution network, which comprises an input end VI, an output end VO, a magnetic latching relay K1, a magnetic latching relay K6, a first voltage regulating unit, a second voltage regulating unit and a voltage sampling module; the input end VI is connected with a fuse F1, the magnetic latching relay K1 and the magnetic latching relay K6 respectively; the fuse F1 is connected with a voltage regulating capacitor C217 and a filter inductor L16 respectively; the filter inductor L16 is connected with the first voltage regulating unit; the voltage regulating capacitor C217 is connected with a filter inductor L15 and a fuse F3 respectively; the fuse F3 is connected with the output end VO, the magnetic latching relay K1 and the magnetic latching relay K6 respectively; the filter inductor L15 is connected with the second voltage regulating unit; the voltage sampling module is connected with the filter inductor L15; the magnetic latching relay K1 and the magnetic latching relay K6 form a magnetic latching relay array; one relay in the relay array needs one I / O port to output a driving signal; two relays not adopting the relay array need two I / O ports to output the driving signals; and I / O ports can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of voltage regulation technology for power distribution networks, and particularly to a voltage regulation system and installation structure for use in power distribution networks. Background Technology

[0002] With the integration of new energy power generation systems such as photovoltaic power generation, wind power, and energy storage systems into low-voltage distribution networks, the transformation to clean energy power generation has been promoted. However, this has also brought challenges to the safety of low-voltage distribution networks. Due to the high impedance and long power supply distance of low-voltage distribution network lines, their node voltages are extremely sensitive to power fluctuations from distributed energy sources, such as photovoltaic power generation, easily causing frequent voltage fluctuations. Therefore, voltage regulation devices are generally installed to stabilize the voltage. Existing AC / AC voltage regulation devices typically require multiple sets of relays to switch between different voltage levels. These relays usually employ independent control methods, with each relay configured with an independent drive circuit and control I / O port. As the number of voltage regulation levels increases, the consumption of control chip I / O resources multiplies, and the number of drive circuits increases accordingly, leading to complex control board layout, increased costs, and limited scalability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a voltage regulation system and installation structure for use in power distribution networks, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A voltage regulation system for a power distribution network includes an input terminal VI, an output terminal VO, fuses F1 and F3, magnetic latching relays K1 and K6, a voltage regulating capacitor C217, a filter inductor L16 and L15, a first voltage regulating unit, a second voltage regulating unit, and a voltage sampling module. The input terminal VI is connected to one end of fuse F1, the third pin of magnetic latching relay K1, and the third pin of magnetic latching relay K6. The other end of fuse F1 is connected to one end of voltage regulating capacitor C217 and one end of filter inductor L16. The other end of filter inductor L16 is connected to the first voltage regulating unit. The other end of voltage regulating capacitor C217 is connected to one end of filter inductor L15 and one end of fuse F3. The other end of fuse F3 is connected to the output terminal VO, the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K1, and the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K6. The other end of filter inductor L15 is connected to the second voltage regulating unit. The voltage sampling module is connected to the other end of filter inductor L15 and is used to collect the output voltage signal.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, magnetic latching relays K1 and K6 are connected in parallel to form a magnetic latching relay array. One relay array requires one I / O port to output a drive signal, while two relays without an array require two I / O ports to output drive signals. Therefore, I / O ports can be saved, allowing the I / O resources of the control chip to be used for more critical parts. When the mains voltage is within the normal range, magnetic latching relays K1 and K6 are closed, and current flows directly from the input terminal VI to the output terminal VO, reducing system losses. When the voltage exceeds the limit and adjustment is needed, magnetic latching relay K1... When the magnetic latching relay K6 is disconnected, the current flows through fuse F1, filter inductor L16, the first voltage regulating unit, voltage regulating capacitor C217, filter inductor L15, the second voltage regulating unit, and fuse F3 to form a voltage regulating circuit. Through the switching combination of the magnetic latching relays in the first and second voltage regulating units, the input voltage is regulated and output after passing through the main voltage regulating circuit, so that the output voltage is restored to the normal range. Filter inductors L16 and L15 and voltage regulating capacitor C217 form a low-pass filter network to suppress high-frequency harmonics generated by switching. The voltage sampling module collects the output voltage in real time to provide feedback signals for closed-loop voltage regulation control.

[0006] In a further embodiment, the first voltage regulating unit includes a high-voltage terminal VH, a low-voltage terminal VL, magnetic latching relays K3, K7, K8, and K2, a compensation capacitor C74, and a compensation capacitor C25. The high-voltage terminal VH is connected to the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K3, the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K7, and one end of compensation capacitor C74. The other end of compensation capacitor C74 is connected to protective ground. The low-voltage terminal VL is connected to the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K8, the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K2, and one end of compensation capacitor C25. The other end of compensation capacitor C25 is connected to protective ground. The third pins of magnetic latching relays K3 and K7 are interconnected and jointly connected to the other end of filter inductor L16. The third pins of magnetic latching relays K8 and K2 are interconnected and jointly connected to the other end of filter inductor L16.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the first voltage regulating unit adopts a dual-relay parallel structure. Magnetic latching relays K3 and K7 are connected in parallel to form a high-voltage side switching group, and magnetic latching relays K8 and K2 are connected in parallel to form a low-voltage side switching group. The relay array is driven by row and column control, reducing the number of I / O ports occupied by the control chip. Compensation capacitors C74 and C25 are connected to the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal to ground, respectively, forming a common-mode filter network. This can suppress common-mode interference and high-frequency noise generated by switching action, protecting the subsequent circuit from electromagnetic interference. Furthermore, the magnetic latching relays do not require continuous power supply after state switching to maintain their current state, thereby reducing system standby power consumption.

[0008] In a further embodiment, the second voltage regulating unit includes a high-voltage terminal VH, a low-voltage terminal VL, a magnetic latching relay K4, a magnetic latching relay K9, a magnetic latching relay K5, and a magnetic latching relay K10. The high-voltage terminal VH is connected to the fourth pin of the magnetic latching relay K4 and the fourth pin of the magnetic latching relay K9, respectively. The low-voltage terminal VL is connected to the fourth pin of the magnetic latching relay K5 and the fourth pin of the magnetic latching relay K10, respectively. The third pins of the magnetic latching relays K4 and K9 are interconnected and jointly connected to the other end of the filter inductor L15. The third pins of the magnetic latching relays K5 and K10 are interconnected and jointly connected to the other end of the filter inductor L15.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the second voltage regulating unit is structurally symmetrical with the first voltage regulating unit, forming a bidirectional voltage regulating capability. The magnetic latching relays K4 and K9 are connected in parallel to form a high-voltage side switch group, and the magnetic latching relays K5 and K10 are connected in parallel to form a low-voltage side switch group. By using the same relay array control method, the number of I / O ports occupied can be saved.

[0010] In a further embodiment, a common-mode surge protection unit is also included, which includes a varistor MOV4, a gas discharge tube GDT1, and a coupling capacitor C24. One end of the varistor MOV4 is connected to the neutral line N and one end of the coupling capacitor C24, respectively. The other end of the varistor MOV4 is connected to one end of the gas discharge tube GDT1, and the other end of the gas discharge tube GDT1 is connected to the other end of the coupling capacitor C24.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the varistor MOV4 is connected to the neutral line N, and the other end is connected to one end of the gas discharge tube GDT1. The other end of the gas discharge tube GDT1 is connected to the protective ground. The coupling capacitor C24 is connected in parallel across the two ends of the series branch of MOV4 and GDT1. The varistor MOV4 has a fast response speed and can quickly conduct to start clamping when the surge voltage arrives; the gas discharge tube GDT1 has a large current carrying capacity and can discharge a large amount of current when surge energy is continuously injected. At the same time, the coupling capacitor C24 provides an additional low-impedance bypass path for high-frequency common-mode interference signals, enhancing the protection unit's ability to suppress high-frequency transient interference.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the voltage sampling module includes a sampling capacitor C231, a chip U28, filter capacitors C232, C233, C234, and C235, a current-limiting resistor R16, a current-limiting resistor R30, and an inductor L19. One end of the sampling capacitor C231 is connected to the other end of the filter inductor L15, and the other end of the sampling capacitor C231 is connected to the chip U28. The chip U28 is connected to one end of the filter capacitor C232, one end of the filter capacitor C233, and the filter inductor L19. One end of capacitor C234, one end of filter capacitor C235, one end of current-limiting resistor R16, one end of current-limiting resistor R30, and one end of inductor L19 are connected to the ground. The other ends of filter capacitor C232, filter capacitor C233, filter capacitor C234, and filter capacitor C235 are respectively grounded. Chip U28 is grounded. The other end of current-limiting resistor R16 is connected to V3- terminal, the other end of current-limiting resistor R30 is connected to V3+ terminal, and the other end of inductor L19 is connected to +5VA terminal.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the sampling capacitor C231 is connected to the other end of the filter inductor L15, coupling the AC voltage signal on the output side to the chip U28. The sampling capacitor C231 serves to isolate the DC bias, preventing the DC component from affecting the sampling accuracy. The chip U28 conditions the input AC voltage signal, converting it into a signal suitable for acquisition by the subsequent analog-to-digital converter. The output terminal of the chip U28 is equipped with filter capacitors C232, C233, C234, and C235 grounded, respectively filtering out noise and ripple in different frequency bands to obtain a cleaner sampling signal. Current-limiting resistors R16 and R30 are connected in series at the V3- and V3+ terminals, respectively, limiting the output current to protect the subsequent sampling circuit. Inductor L19 is connected in the +5VA power supply circuit to suppress high-frequency interference on the power line from entering the chip U28, thereby realizing the acquisition and conditioning of the output voltage signal and providing a stable and reliable feedback signal for voltage regulation control.

[0014] In a further embodiment, an installation structure for a voltage regulating system applied to a power distribution network includes a base, a mounting plate fixedly installed on the top of the base, a receiving groove formed on the top of the mounting plate, and multiple support columns symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the mounting plate. The top of the support columns on the front side is fixedly installed with the same first fixing plate, and the top of the support columns on the rear side is fixedly installed with the same second fixing plate. A left-right symmetrical connecting plate is provided between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate. The front end of the connecting plate is fixedly installed with the first fixing plate, and the rear end of the connecting plate is fixedly installed with the second fixing plate. A connecting box is fixedly installed on the left side of the mounting plate.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the base is used to support the mounting plate and can be fixedly installed on the utility pole. The receiving groove at the top of the mounting plate can accommodate large electrical components. The space formed by the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate and the connecting plates on both sides, in conjunction with the height of the support column, can accommodate taller components in the receiving groove. The connection box on the left side can centrally arrange the wiring terminals and external lines, which facilitates the connection of lines during on-site installation and construction, and also facilitates the quick troubleshooting of line faults during subsequent operation and maintenance.

[0016] In a further embodiment, the left side of the connecting box is open, and a guide rail is fixedly installed on the inner right side of the connecting box. The direction of the guide rail is front and back, and the guide rail is used to facilitate the installation of electrical components. A cabinet door is hinged to the left side of the connecting box, and an installation door is hinged to the right connecting plate. The installation door is located at the top of the second fixed plate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the left side of the connection box is fully open and has a hinged cabinet door. During daily inspections and troubleshooting, operators can open the cabinet door to carry out maintenance, thereby improving maintenance efficiency. The guide rail fixed on the right side of the connection box extends horizontally in the front-to-back direction. Electrical components such as circuit breakers, intermediate relays, and terminal blocks can be directly snapped onto the guide rail through the base clips, and the installation spacing can be freely adjusted by sliding along the guide rail. After opening the installation door, the components in the receiving slot can be directly contacted from the top of the device, which facilitates the maintenance of the components in the receiving slot.

[0018] In a further embodiment, multiple partitions are fixedly installed on the inner right side of the connecting box, the partitions being located at the top of the guide rail. A first connecting seat and a second connecting seat are symmetrically fixedly installed front-to-back inside the connecting box, the second connecting seat being located on top of the first connecting seat. A first top plate is fixedly installed between the first connecting seats, and a second top plate is fixedly installed between the second connecting seats. A gap is left between the first and second top plates and the inner right end face of the connecting box. Multiple connecting holes are provided on the first top plate for installing electrical components. The partitions are located to the right of the first top plate. Multiple through holes are provided on the right side of the connecting box, the through holes being located to the right of the second top plate. Connectors pass through the through holes. A clearance hole is provided at the inner bottom of the connecting box to allow passage for connecting wires. By adopting the above technical solution, the first top plate and the second top plate can be used to install discrete components that are not suitable for snap-on guide rail installation. External cables of different voltage levels are introduced into the connection box from the connector at the through hole on the right side and connected to the wiring terminals in the corresponding partition to avoid misconnection. The clearance hole at the bottom is used to allow the connection cables between the main circuit inside the platform and the terminal block inside the connection box to avoid cable compression and damage.

[0019] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By adopting an array matrix driving method for magnetic latching relays, all magnetic latching relay coils are grouped and connected into a row and column control network. Compared with the traditional independent driving method where each relay occupies a separate I / O port, this reduces the I / O resource consumption of the control chip, lowers the wiring complexity and hardware cost of the control board, and at the same time, when the system is upgraded and expanded, only the row and column nodes need to be expanded, without the need to redesign the driving circuit.

[0020] 2. By using dual magnetic latching relays connected in parallel to form each switch group, the current carrying capacity of a single group is increased to twice that of a single relay, meeting the power supply requirements of high current loads. At the same time, the dual relay structure provides hardware redundancy. When one relay fails and cannot conduct normally, the other relay can still maintain the current path and work normally, avoiding equipment shutdown due to a single component failure, improving the system's fault tolerance and power supply continuity, and ensuring the stability of the power distribution network. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connecting box of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connecting seat of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit of Embodiment 2; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of area A; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of area B; Figure 7 yes Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of area C; Figure 8 yes Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of region D; Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of embodiment 3; Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of embodiment 4; Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of embodiment 5.

[0022] In the diagram, 1 is the base; 2 is the mounting plate; 3 is the support column; 4 is the first fixing plate; 5 is the second fixing plate; 6 is the connecting plate; 7 is the connecting box; 8 is the guide rail; 9 is the mounting door; 10 is the partition; 11 is the first connecting seat; 12 is the second connecting seat; 13 is the first top plate; 14 is the second top plate; and 15 is the joint. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, any descriptions of orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0025] Example 1: like Figures 1-3As shown, an installation structure for a voltage regulation system applied to a power distribution network includes a base 1, which can be installed on a utility pole. An installation plate 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 1. The top of the installation plate 2 has a receiving groove. Multiple support columns 3 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the installation plate 2. A first fixing plate 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the front support column 3, and a second fixing plate 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the rear support column 3. A left-right symmetrical connecting plate 6 is provided between the first fixing plate 4 and the second fixing plate 5. The front end of the connecting plate 6 is fixedly installed to the first fixing plate 4, and the rear end of the connecting plate 6 is fixedly installed to the second fixing plate 5. A connecting box 7 is fixedly installed on the left side of the installation plate 2. To reduce the weight of the installation plate 2, weight-reducing grooves are provided around its perimeter. To ensure the load-bearing capacity of the installation plate 2, reinforcing plates are fixedly installed within the weight-reducing grooves. This reduces the overall structural weight while maintaining the structural strength of the installation plate 2, preventing deformation and bending of the installation plate 2 after heavy electrical components are installed in the receiving grooves, thus improving structural stability.

[0026] The left side of the connection box 7 is open, and a guide rail 8 is fixedly installed on the inner right side of the connection box 7. The direction of the guide rail 8 is back and forth. The guide rail 8 is used to facilitate the installation of electrical components. Standard guide rail 8 mounting components such as circuit breakers, terminal blocks, and intermediate relays can be directly snapped onto the guide rail 8 through the base buckle, and the installation spacing can be adjusted by sliding along the guide rail 8 to adapt to different numbers of external lines. The assembly is highly flexible. The left side of the connection box 7 is hinged with a cabinet door, and the right side connection plate 6 is hinged with an installation door 9. The installation door 9 is located on the top of the second fixed plate 5. After the installation door 9 is flipped up and opened, the power components in the receiving slot can be directly accessed from the top, so that the fixed plate structure does not need to be disassembled, thereby improving the efficiency of on-site maintenance and component replacement.

[0027] Multiple partitions 10 are fixedly installed on the inner right side of the connection box 7. The partitions 10 are located on top of the guide rail 8. The partitions 10 can prevent electromagnetic coupling interference from the high-voltage circuit to the sampling and control signal lines, thus improving signal stability. A first connecting seat 11 and a second connecting seat 12 are symmetrically fixedly installed in the connection box 7. The second connecting seat 12 is located on top of the first connecting seat 11. A first top plate 13 is fixedly installed between the first connecting seats 11, and a second top plate 14 is fixedly installed between the second connecting seats 12. There is a gap between the first top plate 13 and the second top plate 14 and the inner right end face of the connection box 7. Non-guide rail type components such as surge protectors and voltage transmitters can be fixed to the first top plate 13 and the second top plate 14 with screws. The top plate 14 is designed with a layered layout to make full use of the internal space. The first top plate 13 has multiple connection holes. The partition 10 is located on the right side of the first top plate 13. The right side of the connection box 7 has multiple through holes, which are located on the right side of the second top plate 14. A connector 15 is installed through the through hole. The connector 15 is a waterproof gland. The external cable is introduced into the equipment from the connector 15, which serves both as a cable fixation and waterproof sealing function to prevent rainwater and moisture from seeping into the equipment along the cable. The bottom of the connection box 7 has a clearance hole to avoid the wires being connected. The edge of the clearance hole is fitted with a rubber protective coil to prevent the insulation layer from being cut by the metal hole edge when the cable is bent, thereby improving the safety of the wiring and the long-term reliability of operation.

[0028] Example 2: like Figures 4-8As shown, a voltage regulation system for a power distribution network includes an input terminal VI, an output terminal VO, fuses F1 and F3, magnetic latching relays K1 and K6, a voltage regulating capacitor C217, filter inductors L16 and L15, and a voltage sampling module. One end of the input terminal VI is connected to one end of fuse F1, and one end of fuse F1 is also connected to the third pin of magnetic latching relays K1 and K6. The input terminal VI is used to connect to the single-phase AC input line of the power distribution network, and the output terminal VO is used to output regulated AC power to the load side. Fuses F1 and F3... These components are connected in series in the input and output main circuits, respectively, as overcurrent and short-circuit fault breaking protection elements. In case of a fault, they quickly fuse and disconnect the circuit, preventing damage to the downstream voltage regulating components and load. The other end of fuse F1 is connected to one end of voltage regulating capacitor C217 and one end of filter inductor L16. The other end of filter inductor L16 is connected to voltage node V11 and one end of capacitor C22. The other end of inductor L16 is connected to the first voltage regulating unit. The other end of capacitor C22 is connected to the neutral line N. Capacitor C22 is connected in parallel between the input side live wire and neutral line, forming an input differential mode filter branch, used for... To absorb differential-mode high-frequency noise in the circuit and optimize the input-side power quality, the other end of the voltage regulating capacitor C217 is connected to one end of the filter inductor L15 and one end of the fuse F3. The other end of the fuse F3 is connected to the output terminal VO. The fourth pins of the magnetic latching relays K1 and K6 are interconnected and connected to the other end of the fuse F3. The other end of the filter inductor L15 is connected to the voltage node V01 and the second voltage regulating unit. The voltage sampling module is connected to the voltage node V01 and is used to collect the output-side voltage signal. The magnetic latching relay K1 and the magnetic... The parallel connection of relays K6 forms a bypass direct-through branch. When the input voltage is within the normal voltage range of the power distribution network, the control magnetic latching relays K1 and K6 close, and the input terminal VI is directly connected to the output terminal VO through the closed contacts, achieving zero-loss direct-through power supply. At this time, the AC / AC converter does not work, and the system operates at the lowest power consumption. When the input voltage exceeds the upper limit of the normal voltage, the control magnetic latching relays K1 and K6 open, and the magnetic latching relays K3 and K7 in the first voltage regulating unit close, connecting the input terminal VI to the high-voltage terminal VH. In the second voltage regulating unit, the magnetic latching relays K3 and K7 close, and the input terminal VI is connected to the high-voltage terminal VH. When relays K5 and K10 are closed, the low-voltage terminal VL is connected to the output terminal VO, reducing the excessively high input voltage to the normal range before supplying power to the load. When the input voltage falls below the normal lower voltage limit, relays K1 and K6 are opened, and relays K8 and K2 in the first voltage regulating unit are closed, connecting the input terminal VI to the low-voltage terminal VL. In the second voltage regulating unit, relays K4 and K9 are closed, connecting the high-voltage terminal VH to the output terminal VO, raising the excessively low input voltage to the normal range before supplying power to the load.The high-potential ends of coils in the same row are connected together to form a row control line, and the low-potential ends of coils in the same column are connected together to form a column control line. The controller selects and drives a specific group of relays by combining row and column selection signals in a matrix scanning manner. Compared with the traditional one-to-one independent driving method, this application uses a total of five relay arrays, so only five I / O ports are needed to realize all control functions. In contrast, driving ten relays independently requires ten I / O ports, saving half of the I / O resources. Furthermore, when the system power needs to be upgraded and the number of parallel relays needs to be increased, only the corresponding row and column nodes need to be expanded in the array, without adding control chip I / O ports or redesigning the drive circuit, thus enhancing scalability.

[0029] The first pin of magnetic latching relay K1 is connected to the control signal terminal RLY1-1, and the second pin is connected to the common control terminal RLY0-1. Similarly, the first pin of magnetic latching relay K6 is connected to the control signal terminal RLY1-1, and the second pin is connected to the common control terminal RLY0-1. The high-end coils of both magnetic latching relays are connected to the row control terminal RLY1-1, and the low-end coils are connected to the column control terminal RLY0-1. Using a row-column array drive method, only one row signal and one column signal are needed to synchronously control the engagement and disengagement of the two relays. Compared to an independent drive scheme, this reduces one control I / O resource and one drive circuit, simplifying control board wiring and reducing hardware costs. The parallel design of the dual relay contacts doubles the single-loop current carrying capacity, reduces contact on-resistance and operating temperature rise, and the magnetic latching relays rely on permanent magnet force to maintain the contact state. After switching, no continuous power supply is required, reducing system standby power consumption and long-term operating energy consumption.

[0030] The first voltage regulating unit includes a high-voltage terminal VH, a low-voltage terminal VL, magnetic latching relays K3, K7, K8, and K2, a compensation capacitor C74, and a compensation capacitor C25. One end of the high-voltage terminal VH is connected to the fourth pin of both magnetic latching relays K3 and K7. The fourth pins of both magnetic latching relays K3 and K7 are connected to one end of the compensation capacitor C74, and the other end of the compensation capacitor C74 is connected to protective ground. The first pins of magnetic latching relays K3 and K7 are connected to the RLY3.1 terminal, and the second pins of both magnetic latching relays K3 and K7 are connected to the RLY2.1 terminal. The third pin of magnetic latching relay K3... The pins of the magnetic latching relay K7 and the third pin of the magnetic latching relay K7 are interconnected and connected to the other end of the filter inductor L16. Through the compensation capacitor C74, they are connected between the high-voltage side circuit and the protective ground, forming a common-mode filter branch to ground. This can effectively discharge the common-mode electromagnetic interference generated by the switching action, prevent high-frequency interference from coupling along the line to the sampling and control circuit, and ensure the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the system. The coils of the magnetic latching relay K3 and the magnetic latching relay K7 are connected in parallel at the same end, forming the high-voltage side switch group of the first voltage regulating unit. They also adopt row and column array drive logic, which can reuse some control signals with the through switch group, further saving the I / O resources of the control chip. The dual-contact parallel design not only improves the current carrying capacity, but also has redundant operation capability. Even when a single relay contact deteriorates, the circuit can still maintain normal conduction, improving the long-term operational reliability of the system.

[0031] One end of the low-voltage terminal VL is connected to the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K8 and the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K2. The fourth pins of both magnetic latching relays K8 and K2 are connected to one end of compensation capacitor C25. The other end of compensation capacitor C25 is connected to protective ground. The first pins of magnetic latching relays K2 and K8 are connected to terminal RLY5-1. The second pins of magnetic latching relays K2 and K8 are connected to terminal RLY4-1. The third pins of magnetic latching relays K3 and K7 are interconnected and share a common connection with filter inductor L16. At the other end, magnetic latching relays K3 and K7 are connected in parallel to form a high-voltage side switch group, and magnetic latching relays K8 and K2 are connected in parallel to form a low-voltage side switch group. The common terminal of both switch groups is connected to the output terminal of the filter inductor L16. Through the compensation capacitor C25, it is connected between the low-voltage side circuit and the protective ground, forming a symmetrical common-mode filter structure with the high-voltage side compensation capacitor C74. This effectively suppresses common-mode interference on both the high and low voltage sides, ensuring the stability of the voltage regulation circuit. Magnetic latching relays K8 and K2 are connected in parallel to form the low-voltage side switch group of the first voltage regulation unit. They use the same type of components as the high-voltage side switch group to ensure matching current carrying capacity.

[0032] The second voltage regulating unit includes a high-voltage terminal VH, a low-voltage terminal VL, and magnetic latching relays K4, K9, K5, and K10. One end of the high-voltage terminal VH is connected to the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K4 and the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K9. The first pins of magnetic latching relays K4 and K9 are connected to terminal RLY7.1. The second pins of magnetic latching relays K4 and K9 are connected to terminal RLY6.1. The third pins of magnetic latching relays K4 and K9 are connected to terminal RLY6.1. They are interconnected and connected together to the other end of the filter inductor L15; the second voltage regulating unit and the first voltage regulating unit on the input side are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the voltage regulating capacitor C217, forming a complete bidirectional range switching architecture. Through different combinations of the two-sided switch groups, flexible switching between boost and buck voltage regulation modes can be achieved, covering the scenario of bidirectional voltage over-limit in the distribution network. The magnetic latching relay K4 and magnetic latching relay K9 are connected in parallel to form the output side high voltage switch group. They adopt independent row and column control signals and can cooperate independently with the input side switch group to realize different winding access combinations, expanding the coverage and adjustment accuracy of the voltage regulation range.

[0033] One end of the low-voltage terminal VL is connected to the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K10 and the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K5 respectively. The first pin of magnetic latching relay K10 and the first pin of magnetic latching relay K5 are respectively connected to the RLY9-1 terminal. The second pin of magnetic latching relay K5 and the second pin of magnetic latching relay K10 are respectively connected to the RLY8-1 terminal. The third pin of magnetic latching relay K5 and the third pin of magnetic latching relay K10 are interconnected and connected together to the other end of filter inductor L15. When the system is working in buck mode, the high-voltage terminal VH is connected on the input side and the low-voltage terminal VL is connected on the output side. The voltage regulation circuit reduces the amplitude of the excessively high mains voltage, so that the output voltage drops back to the normal allowable range.

[0034] The voltage sampling module includes sampling capacitor C231, chip U28, filter capacitors C232, C233, C234, and C235, current-limiting resistors R16 and R30, and inductor L19. Chip U28 includes pins C1, C2, VCC, GND, GNDS, VOUT, and VREF. One end of sampling capacitor C231 is connected to voltage node V01, and the other end is connected to pin C1. Pin C2 is connected to the neutral line N, and GNDS... The VCC pin is grounded. The VCC pin is connected to one end of filter capacitor C232 and one end of filter capacitor C233. The other ends of filter capacitors C232 and C233 are connected to each other and grounded. The GND pin is connected to the other end of filter capacitor C233 and grounded. The VCC pin is also connected to one end of inductor L19. The other end of inductor L19 is connected to the +5VA terminal. The VOUT pin is connected to one end of current-limiting resistor R30 and one end of filter capacitor C235. The other end of current-limiting resistor R30 is connected to the V3+ terminal. Filter capacitor C2... The other end of chip 35 is grounded. Pins VREF are connected to one end of filter capacitor C234 and one end of current-limiting resistor R16, respectively. The other end of current-limiting resistor R16 is connected to V3- terminal. The other end of filter capacitor C234 is connected to the other end of filter capacitor C235 and grounded. Through the parallel connection of filter capacitors C232 and C233 on the power supply side, together with the series inductor L19, an LC power supply filter network is formed to block high-frequency interference on the power line from entering the sampling chip and ensure the stability of the sampling reference. Chip U28 is a dedicated AC voltage isolation sampling chip. It can linearly convert the input high-voltage AC signal into a low-voltage differential signal that is compatible with the back-end ADC acquisition, with good linearity and temperature stability, ensuring sampling accuracy across the entire voltage range. The current-limiting resistors R16 and R30 on the output side are connected in series in the differential signal circuit to limit the current when the output is short-circuited, protecting the sampling chip and the back-end ADC interface from overcurrent damage. Filter capacitors C234 and C235 respectively filter the differential signal to ground, thereby filtering out high-frequency noise in the sampling signal and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the sampling data.

[0035] Example 3: like Figure 9As shown, a voltage regulation system applied to a power distribution network is described. Voltage node V11 can be connected to one end of varistor MOV3, and voltage node V01 can be connected to one end of varistor MOV1. The other ends of varistor MOV3 and varistor MOV1 are both connected to the neutral line N. Varistors MOV1 and MOV3 are differential mode surge protection devices, respectively connected to the neutral line, forming a two-stage differential mode overvoltage protection for input and output. When an operational overvoltage or lightning-induced differential mode surge occurs in the line, the varistor quickly changes from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance state, dissipating the surge energy to the neutral line. At the same time, it clamps the voltage at both ends within the safe range that the downstream circuit can withstand. The nominal voltage of the varistor is selected to be higher than the maximum continuous operating voltage of the power grid, and the current carrying capacity matches the system protection level. It forms a protection coordination with the main circuit fuses F1 and F3. When the surge energy exceeds the tolerance limit of the varistor and causes a short circuit, the fuse blows quickly to isolate the fault and avoid the risk of equipment fire.

[0036] Example 4: like Figure 10 As shown, a voltage regulation system applied to a power distribution network also includes an auxiliary filter branch. The auxiliary filter branch includes a high-voltage terminal VH, a filter inductor L17, a filter capacitor C3, a filter capacitor C10, and an auxiliary output terminal VH1. One end of the high-voltage terminal VH is connected to one end of the filter inductor L17, and the other end of the filter inductor L17 is connected to the auxiliary output terminal VH1, one end of the filter capacitor C3, and one end of the filter capacitor C10. The other end of the filter capacitor C3 is connected to the other end of the filter capacitor C10 and the neutral line N. The filter inductor L17 is used to suppress high-frequency differential-mode current interference. The filter capacitor C3 uses a large-capacity film capacitor to filter out low-frequency voltage ripple, and the filter capacitor C10 uses a high-frequency ceramic capacitor to filter out MHz-level high-frequency noise. The two capacitors complement each other to achieve a wide-band filtering effect. In addition to its power supply function, the auxiliary output terminal VH1 can also serve as the high-voltage side voltage detection terminal of the voltage regulation circuit, providing an additional voltage reference signal for the control unit and improving the accuracy of voltage regulation control. The auxiliary branch is independently wired and maintains a safe electrical distance from the main power circuit to reduce high-current electromagnetic coupling interference.

[0037] Example 5: like Figure 11As shown, a voltage regulation system applied to a power distribution network further includes a common-mode surge protection unit. The common-mode surge protection unit includes a varistor MOV4, a gas discharge tube GDT1, and a coupling capacitor C24. One end of the varistor MOV4 is connected to the neutral line N and one end of the coupling capacitor C24, respectively. The other end of the varistor MOV4 is connected to one end of the gas discharge tube GDT1. The other end of the gas discharge tube GDT1 is connected to the other end of the coupling capacitor C24. The other end of the gas discharge tube GDT1 is also connected to connectors J14 and J20. Connector J2 and connector J15, the common-mode surge protection unit is connected between the neutral line and the protective ground. It is used to suppress common-mode overvoltages caused by lightning induction and switching operations, protecting the internal weak current components of the equipment from damage caused by common-mode surges. When a high-frequency transient common-mode surge occurs, coupling capacitor C24 first provides a low-impedance discharge path for the high-frequency component. Subsequently, varistor MOV4 quickly conducts to clamp the surge voltage. When the surge energy continues to increase, gas discharge tube GDT1 breaks down and conducts, discharging the large current to the protective ground, achieving the final release of energy. The varistor and gas discharge tube adopt a series structure. During normal operation, the gas discharge tube bears the system power frequency voltage, which can reduce the continuous leakage current of the varistor. Connectors J14, J20, J2, and J15 can achieve equipotential connection of the internal protective ground, chassis ground, and external lightning protection ground, ensuring the lowest impedance of the surge discharge path and avoiding equipment damage caused by ground potential difference.

[0038] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0039] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A voltage regulation system for use in power distribution networks, characterized in that: The system includes an input terminal VI, an output terminal VO, fuses F1 and F3, magnetic latching relays K1 and K6, a voltage regulating capacitor C217, a filter inductor L16 and L15, a first voltage regulating unit, a second voltage regulating unit, and a voltage sampling module. The input terminal VI is connected to one end of fuse F1, the third pin of magnetic latching relay K1, and the third pin of magnetic latching relay K6. The other end of fuse F1 is connected to one end of voltage regulating capacitor C217 and one end of filter inductor L16. The other end of filter inductor L16 is connected to the first voltage regulating unit. The other end of voltage regulating capacitor C217 is connected to one end of filter inductor L15 and one end of fuse F3. The other end of fuse F3 is connected to the output terminal VO, the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K1, and the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K6. The other end of filter inductor L15 is connected to the second voltage regulating unit. The voltage sampling module is connected to the other end of filter inductor L15 and is used to collect the output voltage signal.

2. A voltage regulation system for use in a power distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first voltage regulating unit includes a high-voltage terminal VH, a low-voltage terminal VL, magnetic latching relays K3, K7, K8, and K2, a compensation capacitor C74, and a compensation capacitor C25. The high-voltage terminal VH is connected to the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K3, the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K7, and one end of compensation capacitor C74. The other end of compensation capacitor C74 is connected to protective ground. The low-voltage terminal VL is connected to the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K8, the fourth pin of magnetic latching relay K2, and one end of compensation capacitor C25. The other end of compensation capacitor C25 is connected to protective ground. The third pins of magnetic latching relays K3 and K7 are interconnected and jointly connected to the other end of filter inductor L16. The third pins of magnetic latching relays K8 and K2 are interconnected and jointly connected to the other end of filter inductor L16.

3. A voltage regulation system for use in a power distribution network according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second voltage regulating unit includes a high-voltage terminal VH, a low-voltage terminal VL, a magnetic latching relay K4, a magnetic latching relay K9, a magnetic latching relay K5, and a magnetic latching relay K10. The high-voltage terminal VH is connected to the fourth pin of the magnetic latching relay K4 and the fourth pin of the magnetic latching relay K9. The low-voltage terminal VL is connected to the fourth pin of the magnetic latching relay K5 and the fourth pin of the magnetic latching relay K10. The third pins of the magnetic latching relays K4 and K9 are interconnected and connected to the other end of the filter inductor L15. The third pins of the magnetic latching relays K5 and K10 are interconnected and connected to the other end of the filter inductor L15.

4. A voltage regulation system for use in a power distribution network according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a common-mode surge protection unit, which includes a varistor MOV4, a gas discharge tube GDT1 and a coupling capacitor C24. One end of the varistor MOV4 is connected to the neutral line N and one end of the coupling capacitor C24, respectively. The other end of the varistor MOV4 is connected to one end of the gas discharge tube GDT1, and the other end of the gas discharge tube GDT1 is connected to the other end of the coupling capacitor C24.

5. A voltage regulation system for use in a power distribution network according to claim 4, characterized in that: The voltage sampling module includes a sampling capacitor C231, a chip U28, filter capacitors C232, C233, C234, and C235, current-limiting resistors R16 and R30, and an inductor L19. One end of the sampling capacitor C231 is connected to the other end of the filter inductor L15, and the other end of the sampling capacitor C231 is connected to the chip U28. The chip U28 is connected to one end of the filter capacitor C232, one end of the filter capacitor C233, and one end of the filter capacitor C234. One end of the filter capacitor C235, one end of the current limiting resistor R16, one end of the current limiting resistor R30, and one end of the inductor L19 are connected. The other ends of the filter capacitors C232, C233, C234, and C235 are grounded respectively. Chip U28 is grounded. The other end of the current limiting resistor R16 is connected to the V3- terminal, the other end of the current limiting resistor R30 is connected to the V3+ terminal, and the other end of the inductor L19 is connected to the +5VA terminal.

6. An installation structure for a voltage regulating system applied to a power distribution network according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The system includes a base (1), on which a mounting plate (2) is fixedly installed. The top of the mounting plate (2) has a receiving groove. Multiple support columns (3) are symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the mounting plate (2). The top of the support column (3) on the front side is fixedly installed with the same first fixing plate (4), and the top of the support column (3) on the rear side is fixedly installed with the same second fixing plate (5). A left-right symmetrical connecting plate (6) is provided between the first fixing plate (4) and the second fixing plate (5). The front end of the connecting plate (6) is fixedly installed with the first fixing plate (4), and the rear end of the connecting plate (6) is fixedly installed with the second fixing plate (5). A connecting box (7) is fixedly installed on the left side of the mounting plate (2).

7. The installation structure of a voltage regulating system applied to a power distribution network according to claim 6, characterized in that: The left side of the connecting box (7) is open, and a guide rail (8) is fixedly installed on the inner right side of the connecting box (7). The direction of the guide rail (8) is front and back. The guide rail (8) is used to facilitate the installation of electrical components. A cabinet door is hinged on the left side of the connecting box (7), and an installation door (9) is hinged on the right side connecting plate (6). The installation door (9) is located on the top of the second fixed plate (5).

8. The installation structure of the voltage regulation system applied to the power distribution network according to claim 7, characterized in that: Multiple partitions (10) are fixedly installed on the inner right side of the connecting box (7). The partitions (10) are located on the top of the guide rail (8). A first connecting seat (11) and a second connecting seat (12) are fixedly installed symmetrically in front and behind the connecting box (7). The second connecting seat (12) is located on top of the first connecting seat (11). A first top plate (13) is fixedly installed between the first connecting seats (11). A second top plate (14) is fixedly installed between the second connecting seats (12). 3) There is a gap between the second top plate (14) and the right end face of the connecting box (7). The first top plate (13) has multiple connecting holes for installing electrical components. The partition (10) is located on the right side of the first top plate (13). The right side of the connecting box (7) has multiple through holes, which are located on the right side of the second top plate (14). A connector (15) is passed through the through hole. The bottom end of the connecting box (7) has a clearance hole for avoiding the wires being connected.

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