An aidc combined cooling heating and power system coupled with wind power and combined heat and power

Abstract

The application provides an AIDC (artificial intelligence data center) cascade utilization of waste heat and combined cooling heating and power system for coupling wind power and combined heat and power, and the system has the core load of the artificial intelligence data center, and comprises a power supply module, a waste heat recovery module, a refrigeration module and a seasonal switching mechanism. The wind storage integrated system in the power supply module directly supplies power to the data center as the main green power supply, and the remaining power is connected to the grid; the coal-fired combined heat and power module is connected to the grid and operates as the base load power supply to supplement the remaining load; the waste heat recovery module collects and distributes flue gas waste heat, steam extraction heating and low-grade waste heat generated by the data center; the refrigeration module utilizes the waste heat to drive three-stage absorption refrigeration machines in parallel operation to meet the cooling demand of the data center; the seasonal switching mechanism automatically switches the summer, winter and transition operation modes according to the environmental temperature; in the application, the wind power and the combined heat and power are cooperatively supplied, the cooling energy consumption is greatly reduced through the cascade utilization of waste heat, and the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of integrated energy systems and data center energy-saving technology, specifically involving an AIDC combined cooling and power system that couples wind power generation, energy storage system and cogeneration unit, and realizes multi-source waste heat cascade utilization. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the scale and number of large-scale AI data centers are growing rapidly. Data centers require a continuous and stable power supply to ensure uninterrupted server operation; their high-density server deployment generates a large amount of heat, requiring a continuous and stable cooling supply.

[0003] Currently, data center power supply solutions have the following shortcomings: there are certain requirements for the proportion of green electricity on the power supply side, and traditional solutions mainly rely on grid power supply, with limited access to renewable energy sources such as wind power; if all renewable energy sources such as wind power are used, their volatility and intermittency make it difficult to guarantee the continuous and stable operation of the data center; the use of electrically driven compression chillers results in a large proportion of power consumption in the cooling system and low energy utilization efficiency; coal-fired power plants generate a large amount of waste heat from flue gas during power generation, and the data center itself generates a large amount of low-grade waste heat, which is directly emitted, resulting in waste of waste heat energy; there is a lack of seasonal adaptability, and the difference in load between winter and summer is not fully considered. In winter, electric cooling is used, and natural cold sources cannot be utilized.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, an AIDC waste heat cascade utilization combined cooling and power system is provided, which couples wind power and cogeneration. It adopts a wind-storage integrated system as the main green power source and a collaborative power generation architecture with coal-fired power plants connected to the grid. Through a multi-stage absorption refrigeration system, the system realizes the cascade utilization of waste heat from coal-fired power plant flue gas, extracted steam for heating, and low-grade waste heat from data centers, achieving reliable power supply and green energy saving. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes an AIDC waste heat cascade utilization and combined cooling and power system that couples wind power and cogeneration.

[0006] The specific plan is as follows:

[0007] A combined cooling and power (CCHP) system for AIDC waste heat utilization, integrating wind power and combined heat and power (CHP), with an AI data center as the core load, includes:

[0008] Power supply modules include a wind power generation system, an energy storage system, and a coal-fired cogeneration module. The wind power generation system and energy storage system are directly connected, serving as the primary green electricity source to directly power the AI ​​data center. The coal-fired cogeneration module is connected to the grid as a baseload power source to supplement the remaining load.

[0009] Waste heat recovery module: responsible for collecting, transporting and distributing heat from three sources, and managing them according to temperature grade; the three sources of heat are: waste heat from flue gas of coal-fired power plants, steam extraction from coal-fired power plants for heating, and low-grade waste heat from data centers;

[0010] Cooling module: includes single-effect absorption chiller, double-effect absorption chiller, low-grade absorption chiller and natural cooling device. The chilled water outlets of each chiller are connected in parallel and then connected to the cooling water supply pipeline of the data center to meet the cooling needs of the data center.

[0011] Seasonal switching mechanism: The ambient temperature is compared with the temperature threshold to determine the operating mode; the operating modes include summer operating mode, winter operating mode and transitional operating mode.

[0012] Furthermore, in the power supply module, the wind power generation system and the energy storage system are integrated to form a wind-storage integrated system, which serves as the main green power source to directly supply power to the data center, with surplus power fed into the grid; the energy storage system is used to smooth out the fluctuations of wind power generation, forming a stable and dispatchable green power source; at the same time, it works in conjunction with the coal-fired cogeneration module to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the data center.

[0013] Furthermore, in the power supply module, the coal-fired cogeneration module operates connected to the grid as a base load power source to supplement the remaining load, including:

[0014] On the power supply side: The high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated by the boiler enters the high-pressure cylinder, medium-pressure cylinder and low-pressure cylinder in sequence to do work, drive the generator to generate electricity, and supplement the data center's remaining power demand through grid connection.

[0015] Heating side: The extracted steam discharged from the intermediate pressure cylinder serves as a high-grade heat source. The extracted steam is used to supply heat to the double-effect absorption chiller. The extracted steam from the intermediate pressure cylinder releases heat and condenses on the side of the heating network heater. The exhaust steam discharged from the low pressure cylinder releases heat and condenses on the condenser. The condensate from the condenser and the heating network heater is returned to the deaerator, realizing the recycling of the working fluid.

[0016] Furthermore, the power supply module determines the power supply mode based on the wind power output and the data center's electrical load:

[0017] When the wind power output exceeds the data center load and the energy storage system is fully charged, the excess electricity is fed into the grid.

[0018] When the wind power output is less than the data center load, the energy storage system discharges to fill the short-term, small-amplitude gap between the wind power output and the load, thus smoothing out output fluctuations.

[0019] When the state of charge of the energy storage system is below the lower threshold and the output of wind power is still insufficient, the coal-fired power plant increases its output to supplement the remaining power demand through the power grid.

[0020] Furthermore, the heat from the three sources in the waste heat recovery module is as follows:

[0021] Waste heat from flue gas in coal-fired power plants: High-temperature flue gas emitted from the boilers of coal-fired power plants is transported to the waste heat recovery module through flue gas pipelines. The flue gas temperature is relatively high and belongs to medium-to-high grade waste heat.

[0022] Steam extraction for heating from coal-fired power plants: During the power generation process, the steam turbine of a coal-fired power plant extracts some steam, which is then transported to the waste heat recovery module through the extraction pipeline. The extracted steam has a high temperature and is considered high-grade waste heat.

[0023] Low-grade waste heat from data centers: Data center servers generate a large amount of heat during operation. This heat is carried away by a cooling medium, forming low-grade waste heat. After being collected through recovery pipelines, it is transported to a low-grade absorption chiller.

[0024] Furthermore, the waste heat distribution process is as follows:

[0025] Waste heat from boiler flue gas is transported to the generator of a single-effect absorption chiller via flue gas pipeline; steam extraction from the intermediate-pressure cylinder is transported to the generator of a double-effect absorption chiller via steam extraction pipeline; and low-grade waste heat from the artificial intelligence data center is transported to the generator of a low-grade absorption chiller via waste heat recovery pipeline.

[0026] Furthermore, the cooling module specifically includes:

[0027] Single-effect absorption chiller: driven by the waste heat of flue gas from coal-fired power plants, its generator is connected to the waste heat recovery pipeline of flue gas, and adopts a single-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle. It uses the waste heat of flue gas to evaporate the water vapor in the lithium bromide solution. After condensation and throttling, the water vapor evaporates at low pressure in the evaporator to absorb heat and produce chilled water.

[0028] Double-effect absorption chiller: driven by steam extraction and heating from a coal-fired power plant, its generator is connected to the steam extraction pipeline; it adopts a double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle, using steam extraction and heating to carry out two generation processes, and its energy efficiency is higher than that of a single-effect chiller, producing chilled water;

[0029] Low-grade absorption chiller: driven by the low-grade waste heat of the data center itself, its generator is connected to the waste heat recovery pipeline; it adopts a low-grade lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle, operates at a relatively low heat source temperature, has relatively low energy efficiency, and produces chilled water.

[0030] Furthermore, the refrigeration module employs a three-stage absorption chiller operating in parallel, with the following cooling load distribution strategy:

[0031] The system acquires the data center's cooling load demand L(t) and the available waste heat from flue gas in real time. Steam extraction for heating and the low-grade waste heat of the data center itself Based on the energy efficiency ratio of each type of refrigeration unit. , , Calculate their maximum cooling capacity respectively. , , .

[0032] when At that time, with the goal of maximizing the overall energy efficiency ratio of the system, an objective function is constructed. The constraints are , , , Solving this optimization problem yields the optimal output allocation for each chiller. , , The controller adjusts the operating parameters of each chiller to track the target output.

[0033] when At that time, the three-stage absorption chiller operates at full load, and the insufficient cooling load is supplemented by natural cooling devices or electric chillers.

[0034] Furthermore, the seasonal switching mechanism includes:

[0035] Summer operation mode: When the ambient temperature is higher than the first preset threshold, the summer operation mode is entered. All levels of absorption refrigeration systems operate simultaneously, utilizing the high-grade waste heat from the coal-fired power plant and the low-grade waste heat from the data center to meet the cooling demand.

[0036] Winter operation mode: When the ambient temperature is below the second preset threshold, the winter operation mode is entered. Natural cooling technology is used first to handle the main cooling load of the data center, and the coal-fired power plant switches to cogeneration mode to use extracted steam to supply heat to the outside.

[0037] Transitional operation mode: When the ambient temperature is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, the system enters the transitional operation mode. Natural cooling devices are used first to handle the basic cooling load, and the absorption chillers are started in order of energy efficiency for the remaining portion. Among them, double-effect absorption chillers are started first, followed by single-effect chillers, and finally low-efficiency chillers. The first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0038] An operational process for an AIDC waste heat cascade utilization and combined cooling and power system that couples wind power and cogeneration includes the following steps:

[0039] S1: After the system starts, it detects the state of charge of the energy storage system, the output status of the coal-fired power plant, and the operating status of each level of chiller. Based on the comparison between the ambient temperature and the preset threshold, it determines the operating mode.

[0040] S2: Perform power supply coordination control based on real-time electrical load, wind power output, and energy storage system charge status;

[0041] S3: The waste heat recovery module collects and distributes waste heat from flue gas and extracted steam for heating, as well as low-grade waste heat generated by the operation of the artificial intelligence data center itself.

[0042] S4: Waste heat is transferred to the cooling module, and the three-stage absorption chillers operate in parallel. The generated chilled water is collected and sent to the cooling terminal of the artificial intelligence data center to meet the cooling requirements.

[0043] S5: Continuously monitor changes in ambient temperature, data center load, and the operating status of each device, and dynamically adjust the operating mode and equipment output allocation.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0045] (1) Adopting a coordinated power supply architecture that uses wind power generation and energy storage system as the main green power source and coal-fired power plant grid connection to meet the requirements of green energy use, ensure uninterrupted power supply to data centers, and solve the problem of intermittent fluctuations in renewable energy.

[0046] (2) Through multi-stage absorption refrigeration system, the waste heat from flue gas of coal-fired power plant, steam extraction for heating and low-grade waste heat from data center are utilized in stages to make full use of multi-source waste heat and reduce cooling energy consumption.

[0047] (3) The operating mode is automatically switched according to the load characteristics of winter and summer. In summer, the three-level refrigeration works together to provide cooling, and in winter, natural cooling and cogeneration are combined, resulting in a significant improvement in overall energy efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the system operation in this invention.

[0050] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram:

[0051] 1-Boiler, 2-High-pressure cylinder, 3-Medium-pressure cylinder, 4-Low-pressure cylinder, 5-Generator, 6-High-pressure heater, 7-Deaerator, 8-Low-pressure heater, 9-Condenser, 10-Heating network heater. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 1The AIDC waste heat cascade utilization and combined cooling and power system described in this invention is a combined cooling and power system that couples wind power and cogeneration, with an artificial intelligence data center as the core load.

[0054] The power supply modules include: a wind power generation system, an energy storage system, and a coal-fired combined heat and power module.

[0055] Power supply process: The wind power generation system is directly connected to the energy storage system, serving as the main green electricity source to directly supply power to the artificial intelligence data center. The coal-fired combined heat and power module is connected to the grid as a baseload power source to supplement the surplus load.

[0056] The power supply module determines the power supply method based on the wind power output and the electrical load of the artificial intelligence data center:

[0057] When the wind power output exceeds the data center load and the energy storage system is fully charged, the excess electricity is fed into the grid.

[0058] When the wind power output is less than the data center load, the energy storage system discharges to fill the short-term, small-amplitude gap between the wind power output and the load, thus smoothing out output fluctuations.

[0059] When the state of charge of the energy storage system is below the lower threshold and the output of wind power is still insufficient, the coal-fired power plant increases its output to supplement the remaining power demand through the grid.

[0060] The coal-fired cogeneration module includes: boiler 1, high-pressure cylinder 2, medium-pressure cylinder 3, low-pressure cylinder 4, generator 5, high-pressure heater 6, deaerator 7, low-pressure heater 8, condenser 9, and heating network heater 10.

[0061] Steam flow: High-temperature, high-pressure steam generated by boiler 1 enters high-pressure cylinder 2 to perform work. Steam discharged from high-pressure cylinder 2 enters intermediate-pressure cylinder 3 to continue performing work. Steam discharged from intermediate-pressure cylinder 3 enters low-pressure cylinder 4 to perform work, driving generator 5 to generate electricity. The exhaust steam after performing work enters condenser 9 for condensation.

[0062] Feedwater flow: The condensate in the condenser 9 flows through the low-pressure heater 8, deaerator 7 and high-pressure heater 6 in sequence for heating, and then returns to the boiler 1 to form a working fluid circulation loop;

[0063] Steam extraction heating process: The exhaust steam from the intermediate-pressure cylinder 3 is divided into two paths: one path enters the low-pressure cylinder 4 to continue doing work, and the other path is used as heating extraction steam to enter the heat source side of the heating network heater 10. After releasing heat and condensing in the heating network heater 10, the extracted steam forms condensate, which returns to the deaerator 7, realizing the recycling of the working fluid.

[0064] Waste heat recovery module:

[0065] Flue gas waste heat: The high-temperature flue gas emitted by boiler 1 is transported to the waste heat recovery module through the flue gas pipeline. The temperature is relatively high and it belongs to medium-to-high grade waste heat.

[0066] Steam extraction heating: The steam extracted from the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 is transported to the waste heat recovery module through the steam extraction pipeline. The temperature is relatively high, and it belongs to high-grade waste heat.

[0067] Low-grade waste heat in data centers: A large amount of heat generated during the operation of AI data center servers is carried out by the cooling medium, forming low-grade waste heat. After being collected by the waste heat recovery pipeline, it is transported to a low-grade absorption chiller.

[0068] Waste heat distribution process:

[0069] The waste heat from the flue gas emitted by boiler 1 is transported to the generator of the single-effect absorption chiller via a flue gas pipeline; the steam extraction heating from the intermediate-pressure cylinder 3 is transported to the generator of the double-effect absorption chiller via a steam extraction pipeline; and the low-grade waste heat from the artificial intelligence data center is transported to the generator of the low-grade absorption chiller via a waste heat recovery pipeline.

[0070] The refrigeration module includes: a single-effect absorption chiller, a double-effect absorption chiller, a low-grade absorption chiller, and a natural cooling device, with each level of chiller operating in parallel.

[0071] Refrigeration process:

[0072] The single-effect absorption chiller is driven by the waste heat of the flue gas from boiler 1 and adopts a single-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle. It uses the waste heat of the flue gas to evaporate the water vapor in the lithium bromide solution. After condensation and throttling, the water vapor evaporates at low pressure in the evaporator to absorb heat and produce chilled water.

[0073] The double-effect absorption chiller is driven by the extraction of steam from the intermediate-pressure cylinder 3 for heating. It adopts a double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle and uses the extraction of steam for heating to carry out two generation processes. Its energy efficiency is higher than that of the single-effect chiller, and it produces chilled water.

[0074] The low-grade absorption chiller is driven by the low-grade waste heat of the artificial intelligence data center and adopts a low-grade lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle. It can operate at a relatively low heat source temperature to produce chilled water.

[0075] The chilled water generated by the three-stage absorption chillers is collected through their respective outlet pipes and then uniformly transported to the cooling terminal of the artificial intelligence data center. The cooling water absorbs the heat generated by the servers, heats up, and returns to each chiller, forming a cooling cycle.

[0076] Regarding the optimized allocation of cooling load for a three-stage absorption chiller:

[0077] Taking a specific control cycle as an example, suppose the real-time cooling load of the data center at the current time t is L(t) = 5000kW. The waste heat recovery module currently provides flue gas waste heat Q1(t) = 3000kW, extraction steam heating Q2(t) = 2500kW, and low-grade waste heat from the data center Q3(t) = 2000kW. The COP1 of the single-effect absorption chiller is 0.7, the COP2 of the double-effect absorption chiller is 1.2, and the COP3 of the low-grade absorption chiller is 0.5.

[0078] The maximum cooling capacities of the three-stage refrigeration units are as follows:

[0079]

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] The total maximum cooling capacity is 6100kW, which is greater than the current cooling load of 5000kW, therefore optimized allocation is initiated.

[0083] objective function The constraints are , , , .

[0084] After solving the problem (using the Lagrange multiplier method or a linear programming solver), the optimal power output allocation is obtained as: C1 = 1400kW, C2 = 3000kW, and C3 = 600kW. Based on this, the system controller adjusts parameters such as the solution circulation rate and generation temperature of each stage of the chiller to ensure that each unit operates at the target output. At this point, the overall system COP reaches its optimal value. .

[0085] If the cooling load suddenly increases to 7000kW during the high-temperature period in summer, while the total maximum cooling capacity is only 6100kW, then all three-stage chillers will operate at full load (C1=2100, C2=3000, C3=1000), and the remaining 900kW of cooling load will be supplemented by electric chillers or natural cooling devices.

[0086] Seasonal switching mechanisms include:

[0087] Summer operation mode: When the ambient temperature is higher than the first preset threshold, the summer operation mode is entered, and the single-effect absorption chiller, double-effect absorption chiller and low-grade absorption chiller operate simultaneously to meet the cooling needs of the artificial intelligence data center.

[0088] Winter Operation Mode: When the ambient temperature is below the second preset threshold, the system enters winter operation mode, prioritizing the activation of natural cooling devices to handle the main cooling load of the AI ​​data center. When natural cooling capacity is insufficient, absorption chillers are activated as needed as a supplement, with the activation order being: double-effect absorption chillers first, followed by single-effect absorption chillers, and finally low-grade absorption chillers. Simultaneously, a portion of the steam extracted from the intermediate-pressure cylinder 3 of the coal-fired cogeneration module is used to drive the absorption chillers, while the other portion enters the heating network heater 10 for external heating.

[0089] Transitional operation mode: When the ambient temperature is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, the transitional operation mode is entered. The natural cooling device is started first to bear the basic cooling load. The insufficient part is supplemented by the absorption chiller in the order of energy efficiency from high to low: first start the double-effect absorption chiller, then start the single-effect absorption chiller, and finally start the low-grade absorption chiller.

[0090] The first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0091] Figure 2 The system flowchart of this invention includes the following steps:

[0092] S1: After the system starts up, it detects the charge status of the energy storage system, the output status of the coal-fired cogeneration module, and the operating status of each device.

[0093] Comparison of ambient temperature and temperature threshold:

[0094] If the ambient temperature is higher than the first preset threshold, the system will enter summer operation mode.

[0095] If the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset threshold, the system will enter winter operation mode.

[0096] If the ambient temperature is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, it is determined that the system will enter a transitional operation mode; wherein the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0097] S2: Based on real-time electrical load, wind power output, and energy storage system charge status, power supply coordination control is executed. In the power supply module, the wind power generation system and the energy storage system are directly connected, serving as the main green electricity supply source to directly supply power to the artificial intelligence data center; the coal-fired cogeneration module is connected to the grid, serving as the base load power source to supplement the remaining load, ensuring the continuity and stability of power supply to the artificial intelligence data center, while maximizing the utilization rate of wind power generation.

[0098] S3: Waste heat recovery module recovers waste heat: High-temperature flue gas is transported to the waste heat recovery module through the flue gas pipeline, and extracted steam is transported to the waste heat recovery module through the steam extraction pipeline. Low-grade waste heat generated by the operation of the artificial intelligence data center server is collected through the waste heat recovery pipeline.

[0099] S4: Waste heat is transferred to the refrigeration module. High-grade flue gas waste heat drives a single-effect absorption chiller, high-grade steam extraction heat drives a double-effect absorption chiller, and low-grade waste heat drives a low-grade absorption chiller. The three-stage absorption chillers operate in parallel, and the generated chilled water is collected and sent to the cooling terminal of the artificial intelligence data center to meet the cooling requirements.

[0100] S5: During system operation, it monitors changes in ambient temperature in real time, automatically switches to the corresponding operating mode, and dynamically adjusts the output of power supply equipment and the output distribution of each chiller according to changes in the electrical and cooling loads of the artificial intelligence data center.

[0101] The method and specific implementation of the present invention have been described in detail above. Of course, in addition to the examples described above, the present invention may have other embodiments, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined cooling and power (CCHP) system for the cascade utilization of waste heat from AIDC (AIDC) systems that couple wind power and cogeneration, characterized in that, With artificial intelligence data centers as the core load, including: Power supply modules include a wind power generation system, an energy storage system, and a coal-fired cogeneration module. The wind power generation system and the energy storage system are directly connected and serve as the main green electricity source, directly supplying power to the artificial intelligence data center. The coal-fired cogeneration module is connected to the grid and serves as the baseload power source to supplement the remaining load. Waste heat recovery module: responsible for collecting, transporting and distributing heat from three sources, and managing them according to temperature grade; the three sources of heat are: waste heat from flue gas of coal-fired power plants, steam extraction from coal-fired power plants for heating, and low-grade waste heat from data centers; Cooling module: includes single-effect absorption chiller, double-effect absorption chiller, low-grade absorption chiller and natural cooling device. The chilled water outlets of each chiller are connected in parallel and then connected to the cooling water supply pipeline of the data center to meet the cooling needs of the data center. Seasonal switching mechanism: The ambient temperature is compared with the temperature threshold to determine the operating mode; the operating modes include summer operating mode, winter operating mode and transitional operating mode.

2. The AIDC waste heat cascade utilization and combined cooling and power system coupling wind power and cogeneration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the power supply module, the wind power generation system and the energy storage system are integrated to form a wind-storage integrated system, which serves as the main green power source to directly supply power to the data center, with surplus power fed into the grid. The energy storage system is used to smooth out the fluctuations in wind power generation, forming a stable and dispatchable green power source. At the same time, it works in conjunction with the coal-fired cogeneration module to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the data center.

3. The AIDC waste heat cascade utilization and combined cooling and power system coupling wind power and cogeneration as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the power supply module, the coal-fired cogeneration module operates connected to the grid, serving as a baseload power source to supplement the remaining load, including: On the power supply side: The high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated by the boiler enters the high-pressure cylinder, medium-pressure cylinder and low-pressure cylinder in sequence to do work, drive the generator to generate electricity, and supplement the data center's remaining power demand through grid connection; Heating side: The extracted steam discharged from the intermediate pressure cylinder serves as a high-grade heat source. The extracted steam is used to supply heat to the double-effect absorption chiller. The extracted steam from the intermediate pressure cylinder releases heat and condenses on the side of the heating network heater. The exhaust steam discharged from the low pressure cylinder releases heat and condenses on the condenser. The condensate from the condenser and the heating network heater is returned to the deaerator, realizing the recycling of the working fluid.

4. The AIDC waste heat cascade utilization and combined cooling and power system coupling wind power and cogeneration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module determines the power supply method based on the wind power output and the data center's electrical load. When the wind power output exceeds the data center load and the energy storage system is fully charged, the excess electricity is fed into the grid. When the wind power output is less than the data center load, the energy storage system discharges to fill the short-term, small-amplitude gap between the wind power output and the load, thus smoothing out output fluctuations. When the state of charge of the energy storage system is below the lower threshold and the output of wind power is still insufficient, the coal-fired power plant increases its output to supplement the remaining power demand through the power grid.

5. The AIDC waste heat cascade utilization and combined cooling and power system coupling wind power and cogeneration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery module contains heat from three sources, as follows: Waste heat from flue gas in coal-fired power plants: High-temperature flue gas emitted from the boilers of coal-fired power plants is transported to the waste heat recovery module through flue gas pipelines. The flue gas temperature is relatively high and belongs to medium-to-high grade waste heat. Steam extraction for heating from coal-fired power plants: During the power generation process, the steam turbine of a coal-fired power plant extracts some steam, which is then transported to the waste heat recovery module through the extraction pipeline. The extracted steam has a high temperature and is considered high-grade waste heat. Low-grade waste heat from data centers: Data center servers generate a large amount of heat during operation. The heat is carried away by the cooling medium, forming low-grade waste heat. After being collected by the recovery pipeline, it is transported to a low-grade absorption chiller.

6. The AIDC waste heat cascade utilization and combined cooling and power system coupling wind power and cogeneration as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The waste heat distribution process is as follows: Waste heat from boiler flue gas is transported to the generator of a single-effect absorption chiller via flue gas pipeline; steam extraction from the intermediate-pressure cylinder is transported to the generator of a double-effect absorption chiller via steam extraction pipeline; and low-grade waste heat from the artificial intelligence data center is transported to the generator of a low-grade absorption chiller via waste heat recovery pipeline.

7. The AIDC waste heat cascade utilization and combined cooling and power system coupling wind power and cogeneration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling module specifically includes: Single-effect absorption chiller: driven by the waste heat of flue gas from coal-fired power plants, its generator is connected to the waste heat recovery pipeline of flue gas, and adopts a single-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle. It uses the waste heat of flue gas to evaporate the water vapor in the lithium bromide solution. After condensation and throttling, the water vapor evaporates at low pressure in the evaporator to absorb heat and produce chilled water. Double-effect absorption chiller: driven by steam extraction and heating from a coal-fired power plant, its generator is connected to the steam extraction pipeline; it adopts a double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle, using steam extraction and heating to carry out two generation processes, and its energy efficiency is higher than that of a single-effect chiller, producing chilled water; Low-grade absorption chiller: driven by the low-grade waste heat of the data center itself, its generator is connected to the waste heat recovery pipeline; it adopts a low-grade lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle, operates at a relatively low heat source temperature, has relatively low energy efficiency, and produces chilled water.

8. A combined cooling and power system for AIDC waste heat utilization coupled with wind power and cogeneration as described in any one of claims 7, characterized in that, The refrigeration module uses a three-stage absorption chiller operating in parallel, and its cooling load distribution method is as follows: At time t, obtain the real-time cooling load demand L(t) of the data center and the available waste heat from the flue gas. Steam extraction for heating Low-grade waste heat from data centers ; Calculate the maximum cooling capacity of a single-effect absorption chiller. The maximum cooling capacity of a double-effect absorption chiller The maximum cooling capacity of a low-grade absorption chiller ; , and These are the energy efficiency ratios of various levels of refrigeration units; like The goal is to achieve the highest overall system energy efficiency. The optimization problem is then solved to obtain the optimal output of each chiller. , , ; like If all refrigeration units operate at full capacity, the shortfall will be supplemented by natural cooling devices or electric refrigeration units.

9. A combined cooling and power system for AIDC waste heat utilization coupled with wind power and cogeneration as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The seasonal switching mechanism includes: Summer operation mode: When the ambient temperature is higher than the first preset threshold, the summer operation mode is entered. All levels of absorption refrigeration systems operate simultaneously, utilizing the high-grade waste heat from the coal-fired power plant and the low-grade waste heat from the data center to meet the cooling demand. Winter operation mode: When the ambient temperature is below the second preset threshold, the winter operation mode is entered. Natural cooling technology is used first to handle the main cooling load of the data center, and the coal-fired power plant switches to cogeneration mode to use extracted steam to supply heat to the outside. Transitional operation mode: When the ambient temperature is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, the system enters the transitional operation mode. Natural cooling devices are used first to handle the basic cooling load, and the absorption chillers are started in order of energy efficiency for the remaining portion. Among them, double-effect absorption chillers are started first, followed by single-effect chillers, and finally low-efficiency chillers. The first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

10. A combined cooling and power system for AIDC waste heat utilization coupled with wind power and cogeneration, as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The system's operation process includes the following steps: S1: After the system starts, it detects the state of charge of the energy storage system, the output status of the coal-fired power plant, and the operating status of each level of chiller. Based on the comparison between the ambient temperature and the preset threshold, it determines the operating mode. S2: Perform power supply coordination control based on real-time electrical load, wind power output, and energy storage system charge status; S3: The waste heat recovery module collects and distributes waste heat from flue gas and extracted steam for heating, as well as low-grade waste heat generated by the operation of the artificial intelligence data center itself. S4: Waste heat is transferred to the cooling module, and the three-stage absorption chillers operate in parallel. The generated chilled water is collected and sent to the cooling terminal of the artificial intelligence data center to meet the cooling requirements. S5: Continuously monitor changes in ambient temperature, data center load, and the operating status of each device, and dynamically adjust the operating mode and equipment output allocation.

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