A spatial feedforward and light-fire flexible cooperative control method, system and device for coping with photovoltaic cloud shading

Abstract

The application discloses a space feedforward and light-fire flexible cooperation control method, system and equipment for coping with photovoltaic cloud shading in the technical field of power system dispatching control. The method comprises the following steps: screening an active state flagpole array from a plurality of preset alternative flagpole arrays according to a real-time wind direction; acquiring active power of each active state flagpole array according to a set sampling period, and calculating power drop rates of each active state flagpole array between adjacent sampling moments; if power drops occur between at least two adjacent active state flagpole arrays at adjacent sampling moments, and the difference between the power drop rates between the adjacent sampling moments is not more than a preset consistency threshold value, it is determined that an effective power drop event occurs; if the effective power drop event occurs, the normalized power drop rate is calculated according to the power drop rates of the active state flagpole arrays between the adjacent sampling moments, and a space feedforward grading early warning judgment based on a threshold value is performed, and a control strategy of a fire-light fire cooperation rate matching is generated according to the early warning level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system dispatch and control technology, and in particular to a spatial feedforward and flexible coordinated control method, system and equipment for dealing with photovoltaic cloud shading. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of new power systems, the installed capacity of new energy sources such as photovoltaic power generation in the power grid is constantly increasing. Because photovoltaic power generation is significantly affected by meteorological conditions, its output exhibits obvious randomness, fluctuation, and intermittency. In particular, the shading phenomenon of photovoltaic arrays caused by the movement of high-altitude clouds can lead to a rapid decrease in the output power of photovoltaic power plants within a short period of time, known as the cloud shading effect. This effect typically presents as a sudden drop in power on a timescale of seconds or even shorter, and has become one of the important factors affecting the frequency stability of the power grid and the safe operation of local power grids.

[0003] To address the issue of photovoltaic power fluctuations, existing grid dispatch typically employs a control strategy that coordinates the regulation of photovoltaic and thermal power units. This means that when photovoltaic output decreases, thermal power units are dispatched to increase their output to compensate for the power shortfall. However, existing technologies still have the following shortcomings in practical applications.

[0004] Existing dispatch control largely relies on post-event adjustments based on changes in grid-connected power or out-of-grid power exceeding limits. This means that the ramp-up response of thermal power units is only triggered after a significant drop in photovoltaic power has already occurred. Since the decline in photovoltaic power under cloud shading typically occurs within seconds, while the output adjustment process of thermal power units, constrained by the inertia of the thermal system, usually occurs within minutes, there is a significant mismatch in response time between the two. This leads to a large power gap that is easily formed in the early stages of cloud shading, thereby impacting the grid frequency.

[0005] Some existing technologies use illumination measurements or power change rate to predict photovoltaic fluctuations in advance. However, these methods typically do not fully consider the spatial distribution characteristics of cloud movement and lack the ability to effectively identify local disturbances. In actual operation, situations such as local shading, short-term equipment anomalies, or the rapid passage of small-scale cloud clusters can all cause short-term power fluctuations, triggering false warnings. This leads to frequent ineffective regulation by thermal power units, reducing regulation efficiency and potentially causing system control oscillations and increased equipment losses.

[0006] Existing solar-thermal power co-control systems often fail to effectively constrain the rate of change in photovoltaic output. Under cloud cover, photovoltaic power tends to decrease rapidly and freely, while the regulation capacity of thermal power units is limited by the number of units and their ramp-up rate, making timely matching difficult. This can lead to insufficient power compensation or regulation mismatch. Furthermore, in terms of grid connection point power control, existing technologies generally lack reasonable hysteresis mechanisms. Even small power fluctuations that the grid itself can absorb still trigger thermal power regulation, easily causing unnecessary frequent actions and over-regulation.

[0007] In summary, existing technologies lack a collaborative control method that can simultaneously address spatial feedforward early warning, effective disturbance identification, and dynamic matching of photovoltaic and thermal power output. There is an urgent need to propose a technical solution that can achieve rapid early warning, graded response, and coordinated control during cloud shading to improve the safety and regulation efficiency of power grid operation. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art such as delayed early warning, insufficient utilization of spatial characteristics, and mismatch between photovoltaic and thermal power regulation rates during the sudden drop in photovoltaic output under cloud shading disturbance conditions. It provides a spatial feedforward and flexible coordinated control method, system, and equipment for photovoltaic cloud shading, thereby improving the operational safety and regulation coordination of high-proportion photovoltaic power systems.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for spatial feedforward and flexible coordinated control of solar and fire power to address photovoltaic cloud shading, comprising:

[0011] Several alternative benchmark arrays are pre-set around the perimeter of the photovoltaic power station, and active benchmark arrays are selected based on real-time wind direction;

[0012] The active power of each active state benchmark array is obtained according to the set sampling period, and the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times is calculated.

[0013] If at least two adjacent active state benchmark arrays experience a power drop at adjacent sampling times, and the difference in power drop rate between adjacent sampling times does not exceed a preset consistency threshold, a valid power drop event is determined to have occurred.

[0014] If an effective power drop event occurs, the normalized power drop rate is calculated based on the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times, and a spatial feedforward hierarchical early warning judgment is performed based on the threshold value to obtain the early warning level;

[0015] A control strategy that matches the fire-light-fire coordination rate is generated based on the warning level.

[0016] Optionally, the step of pre-setting several candidate benchmark arrays around the perimeter of the photovoltaic power station and selecting active benchmark arrays based on real-time wind direction includes:

[0017] The photovoltaic power station is divided into four quadrants: east, south, west, and north, according to geographical boundaries. At least two adjacent photovoltaic arrays are selected as candidate benchmark arrays at each quadrant edge.

[0018] The windward direction is identified based on the real-time wind direction data acquired from the wind measurement tower, and the candidate benchmark array located on the windward side is divided into an active benchmark array.

[0019] Optionally, the power drop rate of each active-state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times is calculated using the following formula:

[0020] ,

[0021] in, Indicates the first The power drop rate of an active-state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times. Indicates the first At the current sampling time, the activated benchmark array active power, Indicates the first The activated benchmark array at the previous sampling time active power, This indicates the rated power of the active-state benchmark array.

[0022] Optionally, the normalized power sag rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0023] ,

[0024] in, This represents the normalized power sag rate. This represents the total number of active state benchmark array groups. Indicates the first The power drop rate of an active-state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times.

[0025] Optionally, the spatial feedforward hierarchical early warning determination based on the threshold value includes:

[0026] like This is considered a normal operating state, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. ;

[0027] like This is considered mild cloud edge occlusion, and the warning level is determined to be [level missing]. ;

[0028] like This is considered moderate cloud cover, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. ;

[0029] like This is considered severe cloud cover, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. ;

[0030] like This is considered extreme cloud cover, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. ;

[0031] in, This represents the normalized power sag rate. , , and This is a preset incremental threshold value.

[0032] Optionally, the control strategy for generating fire-light-fire coordination rate matching based on the warning level includes:

[0033] The warning level is At that time, the output of photovoltaic power plants will be restricted from increasing, while the output of thermal power units will maintain their original regulation rate. ;

[0034] The warning level is At that time, the thermal power unit operates at a certain rate. The photovoltaic power station will proceed slowly uphill, operating at its maximum capacity. Implement a slow descent control;

[0035] The warning level is At that time, the thermal power unit operates at a certain rate. Rapid ramp-up, photovoltaic power stations operate at maximum capacity. Implement rapid descent control;

[0036] The warning level is At that time, the thermal power unit operates at a certain rate. Emergency ramp-up is carried out, and photovoltaic power stations are subject to a no-ascent control and controlled descent at the maximum permissible rate;

[0037] in, , , and This is the preset ramp rate command for thermal power units. The number of controllable thermal power units participating in regulation. , , This indicates the sequence number of the ramp-up rate instruction for the thermal power unit. This indicates the active power of the photovoltaic power station. Indicates the sampling time.

[0038] Optionally, a control strategy for matching the fire-light-fire synergy rate can be implemented through an asymmetric time window control mechanism;

[0039] The asymmetric time window control mechanism includes:

[0040] If the warning level of the current sampling period is not equal to Start the trigger time window;

[0041] If the warning level for multiple consecutive sampling periods within the trigger time window is not equal to Entering the early warning state, the control strategy corresponding to the early warning level of the current sampling period is executed;

[0042] After the control strategy is executed for the first time during the warning state, an exit time window is initiated. During this exit time window, the current control strategy remains unchanged and the effective power of each active benchmark array is continuously monitored. The warning state is lifted only when the exit time window ends and the effective power of each active benchmark array meets the preset recovery criterion.

[0043] Optionally, if the off-grid power at the grid connection point exceeds the first limit threshold, the limit protection control is triggered, forcing all thermal power units to operate at maximum speed. The government will issue additional shares while limiting the rate of decline in photovoltaic power to no more than [a certain percentage]. To suppress the widening of the power gap; among which, This is the preset ramp rate command for thermal power units. The number of controllable thermal power units participating in regulation;

[0044] When the power output at the grid connection point is less than or equal to the second safety threshold, the limit protection control is released.

[0045] Secondly, the present invention provides a spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordinated control system for coping with photovoltaic cloud shading, comprising:

[0046] The initialization module is used to pre-set several candidate benchmark arrays around the perimeter of the photovoltaic power station and select the active benchmark arrays based on the real-time wind direction.

[0047] The effective power drop event determination module is used to acquire the active power of each active state benchmark array according to the set sampling period, and calculate the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times; if at least two adjacent active state benchmark arrays experience power drop at adjacent sampling times, and the difference in power drop rate between adjacent sampling times does not exceed the preset consistency threshold, an effective power drop event is determined to have occurred.

[0048] The early warning and control module is used to calculate the normalized power drop rate based on the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times and to perform spatial feedforward hierarchical early warning judgment based on the threshold value if an effective power drop event occurs, so as to obtain the early warning level; and to generate a control strategy for fire-light-fire coordinated rate matching based on the early warning level.

[0049] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device, comprising:

[0050] Memory, used to store computer instructions;

[0051] A processor for executing the computer instructions to implement the steps of the spatial feedforward and flexible co-control method for responding to photovoltaic cloud shading as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0053] 1. Based on real-time wind direction information, the photovoltaic array at the edge of the windward side is dynamically identified and activated as a feedforward sensing benchmark. The power drop rate of low-frequency sampling is used to construct a cloud obstruction space feedforward early warning index, so as to realize rapid identification and hierarchical early warning of cloud intrusion.

[0054] 2. The ramping rate of thermal power units is adaptively adjusted according to the warning level, and the rate of decrease in photovoltaic output is simultaneously constrained to match the total ramping capacity that thermal power units can provide, thereby achieving graded response and flexible adjustment of solar-thermal synergy.

[0055] 3. By constructing an asymmetric time window control mechanism with fast triggering and slow exit, and combining it with the hysteresis characteristics of grid connection point power regulation, a stable transition in the regulation process and effective execution of the hierarchical control strategy are achieved.

[0056] 4. It can achieve early warning-driven hierarchical response and coordinated control of light and fire during cloud obstruction, and improve the pertinence and coordination of adjustment strategies while ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial feedforward and flexible co-control method for dealing with photovoltaic cloud shading provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments and specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of the present application, rather than limitations thereof. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0059] It should be noted that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] This invention discloses a spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordinated control method for addressing photovoltaic cloud shading, with reference to... Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include the following:

[0062] S1, Several alternative benchmark arrays are pre-set around the perimeter of the photovoltaic power station, and active benchmark arrays are selected based on real-time wind direction;

[0063] S2, obtain the active power of each active state benchmark array according to the set sampling period, and calculate the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times;

[0064] S3. If at least two adjacent active state benchmark arrays experience power drop at adjacent sampling times, and the difference in power drop rate between adjacent sampling times does not exceed a preset consistency threshold, a valid power drop event is determined to have occurred.

[0065] S4. If an effective power drop event occurs, calculate the normalized power drop rate based on the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times, and perform spatial feedforward hierarchical early warning judgment based on the threshold value to obtain the early warning level.

[0066] S5 generates a control strategy that matches the fire-light-fire coordination rate based on the warning level.

[0067] In step S1, considering that cloud movement has significant directional characteristics, the detection method based solely on the total power field has obvious spatial lag. Therefore, this embodiment divides the space at the geographical boundary of the photovoltaic power station. Specifically, the photovoltaic power station is divided into four quadrants: east, south, west, and north, according to the geographical boundary. At least two adjacent photovoltaic arrays are selected as candidate benchmark arrays at each quadrant edge. The wind direction data of the wind measurement tower at the power station is acquired in real time. The direction of cloud arrival is determined based on the wind direction. The candidate benchmark array located on the windward side is set to the active state, and the candidate benchmark array on the leeward side is set to the closed state.

[0068] In step S2, this embodiment employs a low-frequency sampling strategy to acquire the power data of the active-state benchmark array, balancing system implementation complexity with natural filtering characteristics; the power drop rate of each active-state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times is calculated using the following formula:

[0069] ,

[0070] in, Indicates the first The power drop rate of an active-state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times. Indicates the first At the current sampling time, the activated benchmark array active power, Indicates the first The activated benchmark array at the previous sampling time active power, This indicates the rated power of the active-state benchmark array.

[0071] In step S3, to avoid misjudgment caused by local disturbances, a physical redundancy verification mechanism is introduced. Only when at least two adjacent photovoltaic arrays in the active state benchmark array group experience power drop within the same sampling period, and the difference between their power drop rates does not exceed the preset consistency threshold value Kc, is it determined to be a valid power drop event.

[0072] Normalized power sag rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0073] ,

[0074] in, This represents the normalized power sag rate. This represents the total number of active state benchmark array groups. Indicates the first The power drop rate of an active-state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times.

[0075] In step S4, this embodiment sets an incremental threshold value. Spatial feedforward hierarchical early warning determination based on threshold values ​​includes:

[0076] like This is considered a normal operating state, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. ;

[0077] like This is considered mild cloud edge occlusion, and the warning level is determined to be [level missing]. ;

[0078] like This is considered moderate cloud cover, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. ;

[0079] like This is considered severe cloud cover, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. ;

[0080] like This is considered extreme cloud cover, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. .

[0081] In step S5, a control strategy for matching the rate of thermal power generation with solar power generation is generated based on the warning level to address the time-scale mismatch between the rapid drop in photovoltaic power and the regulation capacity of thermal power units; the number of controllable thermal power units participating in the regulation is acquired in real time. And issue corresponding preset ramp rate instructions for thermal power units based on the current warning level. , , or , Simultaneously, a rate constraint is imposed on the power change of the photovoltaic power station, ensuring that its total rate of decrease satisfies: ,in, , This indicates the sequence number of the ramp-up rate instruction for the thermal power unit. express, express.

[0082] The specific control strategies for different warning levels are as follows:

[0083] The warning level is At that time, the output of photovoltaic power plants will be restricted from increasing, while the output of thermal power units will maintain their original regulation rate. ;

[0084] The warning level is At that time, the thermal power unit operates at a certain rate. The photovoltaic power station will proceed slowly uphill, operating at its maximum capacity. Implement a slow descent control;

[0085] The warning level is At that time, the thermal power unit operates at a certain rate. Rapid ramp-up, photovoltaic power stations operate at maximum capacity. Implement rapid descent control;

[0086] The warning level is At that time, the thermal power unit operates at a certain rate. Emergency ramp-up was carried out, and the photovoltaic power station implemented a no-ascent control and a controlled descent at the maximum permissible rate.

[0087] Through the aforementioned rate product constraint mechanism, the photovoltaic power drop rate is always limited by the compensation capability that thermal power units can provide, thereby achieving dynamic matching and smooth transition between the source and the source sides.

[0088] This embodiment also incorporates a slow-exit lockout control with an asymmetric time window. During cloud obstruction, the photovoltaic power may experience a short-term rebound due to the uneven cloud structure. If the system responds immediately, it could lead to frequent reverse adjustments by the thermal power units. Therefore, this embodiment constructs an asymmetric time window control mechanism, including a trigger time window and an exit time window.

[0089] The trigger time window is used to prevent false alarms caused by localized, occasional disturbances. Specifically, when the system first determines that the warning level is not equal to 0, it does not immediately enter the warning state, but instead simultaneously starts the trigger time window. The length of the trigger time window can be set according to the actual power grid's anti-disturbance requirements, for example, it can be set to N consecutive sampling periods, optimized to 2-3 sampling periods. Within the trigger time window, the system continuously monitors and performs feedforward hierarchical warning determination. Only when the warning level remains not equal to 0 throughout the entire trigger time window is a valid large-scale cloud obstruction event determined, and the system officially enters the warning state and executes the corresponding solar-fired flexible coordinated rate matching control strategy. If the warning level returns to 0 within the trigger time window, it is determined to be a localized, short-term disturbance, the trigger time window is cleared, and the system does not enter the warning state. After entering the warning state and executing the fire-light-fire coordinated rate matching control strategy for the first time, an exit time window is initiated. Within the exit time window, the current fire-light-fire coordinated rate matching control strategy is forcibly maintained unchanged, and the effective power of each active benchmark is continuously monitored. The warning state is lifted only when the exit time window ends and the effective power of each active benchmark meets the preset recovery criterion. The preset recovery criterion is that the effective power recovery amplitude of each active benchmark at multiple consecutive sampling times is greater than a preset threshold value. The length of the exit time window is set to T. off The preferred time is 3 to 5 minutes.

[0090] To prevent system instability under extreme operating conditions, this embodiment also includes a grid-connected side fallback protection control based on hysteresis dead zone. A first limit threshold P1 and a second safety threshold P2 are set for the grid-connected power output P, ​​with P1 > P2. When the grid-connected power output P ≥ P1, the limit protection control is triggered. The system ignores the current warning level and forces all thermal power units to operate at maximum speed. The government will issue additional shares while limiting the rate of decline in photovoltaic power to no more than [a certain percentage]. To suppress the widening of the power gap; among which, This is the preset ramp rate command for thermal power units. The number of controllable thermal power units participating in the regulation; when the grid power drops to P≤P2, the limit protection control is released and the hierarchical collaborative control strategy is restored; among them, the interval [P2,P1] constitutes the hysteresis dead zone, which is used to absorb small power fluctuations and avoid frequent switching of control strategies.

[0091] In summary, addressing the issues of strong lag in traditional photovoltaic power fluctuation early warning, coarse regulation strategies, and mismatch between photovoltaic and thermal power regulation rates, this embodiment first dynamically identifies and activates the photovoltaic array at the windward edge based on real-time wind direction information as a feedforward sensing benchmark. It then constructs a cloud obstruction space feedforward early warning index using low-frequency sampled power drop rates, enabling rapid identification and tiered early warning of cloud intrusion. Secondly, it adaptively adjusts the ramp rate of thermal power units according to the early warning level, while simultaneously constraining the photovoltaic output decline rate to match the total ramp capacity provided by the thermal power units, thereby achieving tiered response and flexible regulation in a photovoltaic-thermal power synergy. Finally, by constructing an asymmetric time window control mechanism with fast triggering and slow exit, combined with the hysteresis characteristics of grid-connected power regulation, it achieves a stable transition in the regulation process and effective execution of the tiered control strategy. This embodiment's method can achieve early warning-driven tiered response and photovoltaic-thermal power coordinated control during cloud obstruction, improving the targeting and coordination of regulation strategies while ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system.

[0092] Example 2:

[0093] Based on the same inventive concept as Embodiment 1, this embodiment of the invention discloses a spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordinated control system for coping with photovoltaic cloud shading, comprising:

[0094] The initialization module is used to pre-set several candidate benchmark arrays around the perimeter of the photovoltaic power station and select the active benchmark arrays based on the real-time wind direction.

[0095] The effective power drop event determination module is used to acquire the active power of each active state benchmark array according to the set sampling period, and calculate the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times; if at least two adjacent active state benchmark arrays experience power drop at adjacent sampling times, and the difference in power drop rate between adjacent sampling times does not exceed the preset consistency threshold, an effective power drop event is determined to have occurred.

[0096] The early warning and control module is used to calculate the normalized power drop rate based on the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times and to perform spatial feedforward hierarchical early warning judgment based on the threshold value if an effective power drop event occurs, so as to obtain the early warning level; and to generate a control strategy for fire-light-fire coordinated rate matching based on the early warning level.

[0097] This embodiment also includes an asymmetric time window control module and a grid-connected side fallback protection control module.

[0098] The asymmetric time window control module is used to prevent frequent reverse regulation of thermal power units, including a trigger time window and an exit time window. The trigger time window is used to prevent false alarms caused by local sporadic disturbances. Specifically, when the system first determines that the warning level is not equal to 0, it does not immediately enter the warning state, but instead synchronously starts the trigger time window. Its length can be set according to the actual grid anti-disturbance requirements, for example, it can be set to N consecutive sampling periods, optimized to 2 to 3 sampling periods. Within the trigger time window, the system continuously monitors and performs feedforward hierarchical warning determination. Only when the warning level is continuously not equal to 0 within the entire trigger time window is it determined that a valid large-scale cloud obstruction event has occurred, and the system officially enters the warning state and executes the corresponding solar-thermal flexible coordinated rate matching control strategy. If the warning level returns to 0 within the trigger time window, it is determined to be a local short-term disturbance, the trigger time window is cleared, and the system does not enter the warning state.

[0099] After entering the warning state and executing the fire-light-fire coordinated rate matching control strategy for the first time, an exit time window is initiated. Within the exit time window, the current fire-light-fire coordinated rate matching control strategy is forcibly maintained unchanged, and the effective power of each active benchmark is continuously monitored. The warning state is lifted only when the exit time window ends and the effective power of each active benchmark meets the preset recovery criterion. The preset recovery criterion is that the effective power recovery amplitude of each active benchmark at multiple consecutive sampling times is greater than a preset threshold value. The length of the exit time window is set to T. off The preferred time is 3 to 5 minutes.

[0100] The grid-connected side fallback protection control module is used to prevent system instability under extreme operating conditions. It sets a first limit threshold P1 and a second safety threshold P2 for the grid-connected power output P, ​​and P1 > P2. When the grid-connected power output P ≥ P1, the limit protection control is triggered. The system ignores the current warning level and triggers the limit protection control, forcing all thermal power units to operate at maximum speed. The government will issue additional shares while limiting the rate of decline in photovoltaic power to no more than [a certain percentage]. To suppress the widening of the power gap; among which, This is the preset ramp rate command for thermal power units. The number of controllable thermal power units participating in the regulation; when the grid power drops to P≤P2, the limit protection control is released and the hierarchical collaborative control strategy is restored; among them, the interval [P2,P1] constitutes the hysteresis dead zone, which is used to absorb small power fluctuations and avoid frequent switching of control strategies.

[0101] The specific functions of each module described above are explained in the relevant content of the method in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0102] Example 3:

[0103] This invention discloses a computer device, comprising:

[0104] Memory, used to store computer instructions;

[0105] A processor is used to execute the computer instructions to implement the steps of the spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordinated control method for dealing with photovoltaic cloud shading as described in Embodiment 1.

[0106] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0107] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0108] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0109] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0110] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for spatial feedforward and flexible coordinated control of solar and fire power to address photovoltaic cloud shading, characterized in that, include: Several alternative benchmark arrays are pre-set around the perimeter of the photovoltaic power station, and active benchmark arrays are selected based on real-time wind direction; The active power of each active state benchmark array is obtained according to the set sampling period, and the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times is calculated. If at least two adjacent active state benchmark arrays experience a power drop at adjacent sampling times, and the difference in power drop rate between adjacent sampling times does not exceed a preset consistency threshold, a valid power drop event is determined to have occurred. If an effective power drop event occurs, the normalized power drop rate is calculated based on the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times, and a spatial feedforward hierarchical early warning judgment is performed based on the threshold value to obtain the early warning level; A control strategy that matches the fire-light-fire coordination rate is generated based on the warning level.

2. The spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordinated control method for addressing photovoltaic cloud shading as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of pre-setting several candidate benchmark arrays around the perimeter of the photovoltaic power station and selecting active benchmark arrays based on real-time wind direction includes: The photovoltaic power station is divided into four quadrants: east, south, west, and north, according to geographical boundaries. At least two adjacent photovoltaic arrays are selected as candidate benchmark arrays at each quadrant edge. The windward direction is identified based on the real-time wind direction data acquired from the wind measurement tower, and the candidate benchmark array located on the windward side is divided into an active benchmark array.

3. The spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordinated control method for addressing photovoltaic cloud shading as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times is calculated using the following formula: ， in, Indicates the first The power drop rate of an active-state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times. Indicates the first At the current sampling time, the activated benchmark array active power, Indicates the first The activated benchmark array at the previous sampling time active power, This indicates the rated power of the active-state benchmark array.

4. The spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordinated control method for addressing photovoltaic cloud shading as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The normalized power sag rate is calculated using the following formula: ， in, This represents the normalized power sag rate. This represents the total number of active state benchmark array groups. Indicates the first The power drop rate of an active-state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times.

5. The spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordinated control method for addressing photovoltaic cloud shading as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The threshold-based spatial feedforward hierarchical early warning determination includes: like This is considered a normal operating state, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. ; like This is considered mild cloud edge occlusion, and the warning level is determined to be [level missing]. ; like This is considered moderate cloud cover, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. ; like This is considered severe cloud cover, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. ; like This is considered extreme cloud cover, and the warning level is determined to be [level]. ; in, This represents the normalized power sag rate. , , and This is a preset incremental threshold value.

6. The spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordinated control method for addressing photovoltaic cloud shading as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control strategy for generating fire-light-fire coordination rate matching based on the early warning level includes: The warning level is At that time, the output of photovoltaic power plants will be restricted from increasing, while the output of thermal power units will maintain their original regulation rate. ; The warning level is At that time, the thermal power unit operates at a certain rate. The photovoltaic power station will proceed slowly uphill, operating at its maximum capacity. Implement a slow descent control; The warning level is At that time, the thermal power unit operates at a certain rate. Rapid ramp-up, photovoltaic power stations operate at maximum capacity. Implement rapid descent control; The warning level is At that time, the thermal power unit operates at a certain rate. Emergency ramp-up is carried out, and photovoltaic power stations are subject to a no-ascent control and controlled descent at the maximum permissible rate; in, , , and This is the preset ramp rate command for thermal power units. The number of controllable thermal power units participating in regulation. , , This indicates the sequence number of the ramp-up rate instruction for the thermal power unit. This indicates the active power of the photovoltaic power station. Indicates the sampling time.

7. The spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordinated control method for addressing photovoltaic cloud shading as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A control strategy for matching the rate of fire-light-fire coordination is implemented through an asymmetric time window control mechanism. The asymmetric time window control mechanism includes: If the warning level of the current sampling period is not equal to Start the trigger time window; If the warning level for multiple consecutive sampling periods within the trigger time window is not equal to Entering the early warning state, the control strategy corresponding to the early warning level of the current sampling period is executed; After the control strategy is executed for the first time during the warning state, an exit time window is initiated. During this exit time window, the current control strategy remains unchanged and the effective power of each active benchmark array is continuously monitored. The warning state is lifted only when the exit time window ends and the effective power of each active benchmark array meets the preset recovery criterion.

8. The spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordinated control method for addressing photovoltaic cloud shading as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If the power output at the grid connection point exceeds the first limit threshold, the limit protection control is triggered, forcing all thermal power units to operate at maximum speed. The government will issue additional shares while limiting the rate of decline in photovoltaic power to no more than [a certain percentage]. To suppress the widening of the power gap; among which, This is the preset ramp rate command for thermal power units. The number of controllable thermal power units participating in regulation; When the power output at the grid connection point is less than or equal to the second safety threshold, the limit protection control is released.

9. A spatial feedforward and flexible solar-fire coordination control system for coping with photovoltaic cloud shading, characterized in that, include: The initialization module is used to pre-set several candidate benchmark arrays around the perimeter of the photovoltaic power station and select the active benchmark arrays based on the real-time wind direction. The effective power drop event determination module is used to acquire the active power of each active state benchmark array according to the set sampling period, and calculate the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times; if at least two adjacent active state benchmark arrays experience power drop at adjacent sampling times, and the difference in power drop rate between adjacent sampling times does not exceed the preset consistency threshold, an effective power drop event is determined to have occurred. The early warning and control module is used to calculate the normalized power drop rate based on the power drop rate of each active state benchmark array between adjacent sampling times and to perform spatial feedforward hierarchical early warning judgment based on the threshold value if an effective power drop event occurs, so as to obtain the early warning level; and to generate a control strategy for fire-light-fire coordinated rate matching based on the early warning level.

10. A computer device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer instructions; A processor for executing the computer instructions to implement the steps of the spatial feedforward and flexible co-control method for responding to photovoltaic cloud shading as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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