Wind power station and energy storage combined coal-fired unit frequency modulation demonstration platform and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of wind power station and energy storage combined coal power unit frequency modulation demonstration platform and method, platform includes wind power station, multiple energy storage subsystem, power conversion system, energy management system and demonstration evaluation module.Wind power station and multiple energy storage subsystem are accessed to coal power unit auxiliary power bus through power conversion system, energy management system realizes the collaborative control of three, demonstration evaluation module collects data and is quantitatively analyzed by four-dimensional weighted scoring model.The platform solves the defects of traditional single battery scheme through multiple energy storage, realizes the collaborative frequency modulation of wind power and energy storage, coal power unit, solves the problem of unstable frequency modulation of wind power alone and single technology without comparative data, and builds a standardized demonstration platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power system operation and control technology, specifically relating to a frequency regulation demonstration platform and method for wind farms and energy storage combined coal-fired power units. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of new power systems, coal-fired power units play a crucial role in grid frequency regulation and stable operation. However, due to limitations in regulation rate, response delay, and ramp-up capability, they struggle to meet the high-precision, fast-response frequency regulation requirements of high-penetration renewable energy scenarios. Wind farm output is intermittent and fluctuating, making independent frequency regulation insufficient. Current combined coal-fired power and energy storage frequency regulation often employs lithium-ion batteries and PCS (Power Control System) combinations, which suffer from issues such as high investment due to capacity over-allocation, short battery cycle life, thermal runaway risks, narrow SOC (State of Charge) windows, and a lack of comparative data for single-technology routes. Existing power-type energy storage is mostly used in single applications, lacking a joint empirical platform for the collaboration of multi-energy storage with wind farms, thus failing to provide standardized empirical support for the combined use of multi-energy storage with coal-fired power units and wind power frequency regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a demonstration platform and method for frequency regulation of wind farms and energy storage combined with coal-fired power units, in order to solve the technical defects of existing coal-fired power-storage combined frequency regulation schemes, such as high cost, large hidden dangers, lack of comparison of single technical routes, and lack of demonstration platforms for the synergy of multiple energy storage and wind power.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of this application provides a demonstration platform for frequency regulation of a combined wind farm and energy storage coal-fired power unit, comprising: The system includes a wind farm, a multi-electrode energy storage subsystem, a power conversion system, an energy management system, and an empirical evaluation module. The wind farm is connected to the coal-fired power unit's power busbar via an electrical tie line, forming a joint frequency regulation power supply together with the multi-electrode energy storage subsystem and the coal-fired power unit. The multi-element energy storage subsystem includes a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, a lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment, and a flywheel energy storage compartment. The rated output power of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, the lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment, and the flywheel energy storage compartment are all rated as P0 / 3, and the three have the same electrical parameters such as charge / discharge rate and rated continuous operating time. The power conversion system includes three PCS of identical specifications, one grid-connected switchgear, one step-up transformer, and one high-voltage switch station. The DC output terminals of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment, and flywheel energy storage compartment are electrically connected to the DC input terminals of the three PCS in a one-to-one correspondence. The AC output terminals of the three PCS are connected to the low-voltage input terminal of the step-up transformer via a busbar. The high-voltage output terminal of the step-up transformer is electrically interconnected with the coal-fired power plant's auxiliary power bus via the grid-connected switchgear and the high-voltage switch station in series. The wind farm is also connected to the coal-fired power plant's auxiliary power bus via the high-voltage switch station. The installation reference plane, electrical interface protocol, and control signal interface of the three PCS are completely matched. The energy management system includes an EMS main controller, a remote communication device, a high-precision synchronous clock, and an industrial-grade data acquisition server. The EMS main controller establishes a two-way electrical signal interaction link with the unit's distributed control system (DCS), the grid dispatch automatic generation control (AGC) / primary frequency regulation system, and the wind farm through the remote communication device, so as to realize the real-time synchronous transmission of frequency regulation commands, wind farm output data, and equipment operation data. The EMS main controller also establishes a closed-loop control signal link with each PCS through an independent shielded cable. This link is used to equally split the received frequency modulation target power signal and synchronously distribute it to the control unit of each PCS using a no-priority strategy, thereby achieving coordinated response control between the wind farm, each energy storage subsystem, and the coal-fired power unit. The empirical evaluation module includes an equipment health assessment unit, horizontal comparison scoring software, and a local / cloud dual-redundant database. The data acquisition end of the empirical evaluation module establishes electrical signal connections with the wind farm, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, the lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment, the flywheel energy storage compartment, and the three PCS through voltage / current acquisition loops and communication interfaces. This connection is used to collect the electrical operating parameters, operating status data, and fault alarm signals of each device in real time. The horizontal comparison scoring software incorporates a four-dimensional weighted scoring model based on equipment health, electrical safety, operational economy, and frequency regulation response. This model is used to analyze and process the collected electrical and operating condition data to complete the horizontal quantitative scoring, and the scoring results are stored in a dual-redundant local / cloud database.

[0005] In an optional embodiment, P0 is identified in the following manner: Automatic generation control (AGC) command signals and primary frequency regulation operation electrical data of coal-fired power units and wind farms were collected for 12 consecutive months. The rated characteristic power P1 under AGC condition and the rated characteristic power P2 under primary frequency regulation condition were calculated using the 95% probability power statistics method. The maximum value between P1 and P2 is selected as the reference power. This reference power is then rounded up to an integer power that matches the electrical and mechanical specifications of a standard containerized energy storage cabin, which is P0.

[0006] In one optional embodiment, the charge / discharge rate adjustment range of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage chamber, the lithium titanate energy storage battery chamber, and the flywheel energy storage chamber is 5C~10C, and the rated continuous operating time is set to 10min. The rated energy storage capacity of any one of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, lithium titanate battery energy storage compartment, and flywheel energy storage compartment is defined by the formula: The rated energy storage capacity is calculated as (P0 / 3) × (10 / 60) MWh, and the absolute value of the deviation between the actual output capacity of each compartment and the rated energy storage capacity does not exceed 3%, ensuring the electrical consistency of the energy output capacity between the wind farm and each energy storage compartment.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the PCS is a high-frequency isolated bidirectional power converter with a DC input voltage level of 690V DC, an AC output voltage level of 6kV AC, and a rated frequency of 50Hz. Among them, the three PCS sets have the same rated power, circuit topology, switching device parameters and control algorithm. When operating under rated conditions, the power loss difference between any two PCS sets does not exceed 2% of their own rated power, so as to match the coordinated output requirements of wind farms and multi-element energy storage subsystems.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the high-precision synchronization clock of the energy management system is equipped with a GPS / BeiDou dual-mode timing module, with a time synchronization accuracy better than 1μs; The high-precision synchronous clock establishes synchronous signal connections with the EMS main controller, wind farm monitoring system, each PCS control unit and the empirical evaluation module through RS485 bus or Ethernet interface, respectively, to calibrate the time base of each device and ensure that the response timing deviation of the wind farm, multi-energy storage subsystem and coal-fired power unit does not exceed 5ms.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the local database of the empirical evaluation module adopts a RAID 5 redundant array storage architecture and is equipped with an industrial-grade redundant server. Among them, the cloud database achieves real-time data synchronization with the local database through SSL / TLS 1.2 and above encrypted communication protocols; Both local and cloud databases have a data storage duration of no less than 3 years and support historical data tracing and querying by wind farm station number, equipment number, time interval, and electrical parameter type.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, in the four-dimensional weighted scoring model, the baseline weights for equipment health, electrical safety, operational economy, and frequency modulation response are 30%, 25%, 25%, and 20%, respectively. The weights of each dimension, including equipment health, electrical safety, operational economy, and frequency regulation response, can be adjusted online through the remote parameter configuration interface of the EMS main controller. It supports dynamic optimization of weight allocation based on the different empirical scenarios of wind farms participating in joint frequency regulation, and the sum of the weights of all dimensions is always 1, with a weight adjustment accuracy of 1%.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage chamber, lithium titanate energy storage battery chamber and flywheel energy storage chamber adopt a sealed steel structure box, with a built-in high-precision temperature sensor, humidity sensor and electrical smoke sensor, and equipped with a forced air cooling heat dissipation system and over-temperature protection circuit. Wind farms are equipped with independent meteorological monitoring units and power output prediction units, which are connected to the energy management system.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the power conversion system further includes: Metal oxide surge arresters, electromagnetic voltage transformers, and current transformers; The metal oxide surge arrester is connected in parallel between the high voltage output terminal of the step-up transformer and the grounding electrode to form an overvoltage protection circuit, which is used to suppress lightning overvoltage and switching overvoltage. The voltage transformer and current transformer are connected in series between the outgoing terminal of the grid-connected switchgear and the incoming terminal of the high-voltage switch station. Their secondary signal output terminals are connected to the signal acquisition unit of the empirical evaluation module through shielded cables, which are used to collect voltage and current electrical parameters on the grid side and wind farm side in real time and feed them back to the scoring model.

[0013] A second aspect of this application provides a method for using a frequency regulation demonstration platform for wind farms and energy storage combined with coal-fired power units. The method utilizes the frequency regulation demonstration platform for wind farms and energy storage combined with coal-fired power units as described above, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect automatic generation control (AGC) command signals and primary frequency regulation operation electrical data of coal-fired power units and wind farms for 12 consecutive months, and calculate the rated characteristic power P1 under AGC condition and the rated characteristic power P2 under primary frequency regulation condition using the 95% probability power statistical method. Select the maximum value of P1 and P2 as the reference power, and round up the reference power to the integer power that matches the electrical and mechanical specifications of the standard containerized energy storage cabin to determine the reference power P0. Step 2: Configure the rated output power of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, lithium titanate battery energy storage compartment, and flywheel energy storage compartment to P0 / 3, set the charge / discharge rate adjustment range of the three to 5C~10C, and the rated continuous operating time to 10min; simultaneously calibrate the rated power, circuit topology, switching device parameters, and control algorithm of the three sets of high-frequency isolated bidirectional power converters (PCS) to ensure that the power loss difference between any two PCS under rated operating conditions does not exceed 2% of their own rated power, thus meeting the frequency regulation requirements of wind farms and multi-energy storage. Step 3: Establish bidirectional electrical signal interaction links between the EMS main controller and the unit's distributed control system (DCS), the grid dispatching AGC / primary frequency regulation system, and the wind farm through a remote communication device; establish a closed-loop control signal link between the EMS main controller and each PCS using independent shielded cables; simultaneously establish synchronization signal connections between a high-precision synchronous clock and the EMS main controller, the wind farm monitoring system, each PCS control unit, and the empirical evaluation module via RS485 bus or Ethernet interface to calibrate the time base of each device, ensuring that the response timing deviation of the wind farm, the multi-element energy storage subsystem, and the coal-fired power unit does not exceed 5ms. Step 4: The EMS main controller receives the frequency regulation command signal issued by the grid dispatch AGC / primary frequency regulation system. Combined with the real-time output status of the wind farm, it equally divides the frequency regulation target power signal and synchronously issues it to the control unit of each PCS using a no-priority strategy. Each PCS drives the corresponding energy storage compartment to perform charging and discharging operations according to the command, realizing the coordinated frequency regulation response of the wind farm, the multi-element energy storage subsystem and the coal-fired power unit. Step 5: Through the voltage / current acquisition loop and communication interface of the empirical evaluation module, collect in real time the electrical operating parameters, operating status data, and fault alarm signals of the wind farm, hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment, flywheel energy storage compartment, and three PCS systems; use the four-dimensional weighted scoring model built into the empirical evaluation module to analyze and process the collected electrical and operating data, complete the horizontal quantitative scoring, and synchronously store the scoring results in a local / cloud dual-redundant database.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By employing a multi-element energy storage subsystem (hybrid supercapacitor, lithium titanate, and flywheel energy storage compartment), the shortcomings of existing single lithium-ion battery solutions, such as capacity over-provisioning, short lifespan, potential thermal runaway, and narrow SOC window, are addressed. Relying on three sets of consistent PCS and energy management systems, coordinated frequency regulation of wind farms, multi-element energy storage, and coal-fired power units is achieved, resolving the instability issue of wind power frequency regulation alone. Furthermore, through an empirical evaluation module and a four-dimensional weighted scoring model, the lack of comparative data for single technical routes is addressed, establishing a standardized collaborative empirical platform. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a frequency regulation demonstration platform for a wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit provided by the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment; 2. Lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment; 3. Flywheel energy storage compartment; 4. PCS; 5. Busbar; 6. Step-up transformer; 7. Grid-connected switchgear; 8. High-voltage switch station; 9. Coal-fired power unit auxiliary power busbar; 10. Coal-fired power unit DCS; 11. EMS main controller; 12. Remote communication device; 13. Power grid dispatching AGC / primary frequency regulation system; 14. High-precision synchronous clock; 15. Industrial-grade data acquisition server; 16. Empirical evaluation module; 17. Equipment health assessment unit; 18. Horizontal comparison scoring software; 19. Local / cloud dual redundant database. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0019] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0020] To address the technical deficiencies mentioned in the background section, this embodiment provides a demonstration platform and method for frequency regulation of wind farms and energy storage combined with coal-fired power units.

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1As shown, in the first aspect of the present invention, a wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit frequency regulation demonstration platform is provided, including: a wind farm, a multi-element energy storage subsystem, a power conversion system, an energy management system, and a demonstration evaluation module 16; the wind farm is connected to the coal-fired power unit's plant power bus 9 through an electrical tie line, and together with the multi-element energy storage subsystem and the coal-fired power unit, it forms a joint frequency regulation power supply, realizing the coordinated output of wind power resources, coal-fired power units, and multi-element energy storage, making up for the problem of insufficient frequency regulation stability caused by the intermittency and fluctuation of wind farm output, and improving the overall frequency regulation response accuracy and regulation quality. The multi-element energy storage subsystem includes a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment 1, a lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment 2, and a flywheel energy storage compartment 3. All three use standard containerized energy storage compartments and are installed in an open area next to the coal-fired power plant. The spacing between the compartments is not less than 2m to meet the requirements for heat dissipation, fire prevention, and daily operation and maintenance space. The compartment foundation is made of C30 concrete with a flatness deviation of no more than ±2mm to ensure that the equipment is installed stably and to provide structural protection for long-term stable operation.

[0022] Hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment 1 uses activated carbon-based supercapacitors as the core energy storage unit, adopting a modular series-parallel structure design. Each module has a rated voltage of 50V and a rated capacity of 2000F. Modules are rigidly connected via copper busbars, and the tightening torque of the connecting bolts meets electrical installation specifications, reducing contact resistance and potential overheating. Lithium titanate battery storage compartment 2 uses lithium titanate single-cell batteries as the core energy storage device, with a rated voltage of 2.4V and a rated capacity of 200Ah per cell. It adopts a 25-series, 40-parallel module structure. Each module is equipped with an independent BMS management unit to monitor the single-cell voltage, temperature, and equalization status in real time, avoiding safety risks caused by overcharging and over-discharging. Flywheel energy storage compartment 3 uses a carbon fiber flywheel rotor driven by a permanent magnet synchronous motor as the core component. The flywheel speed range is 15000~30000r / min, with a rated energy storage of 5kWh. The compartment is equipped with a vacuum maintenance system and a magnetic levitation support structure to reduce mechanical and wind resistance losses, improving the conversion efficiency and operational stability of flywheel energy storage. The three types of energy storage devices complement each other in terms of power density, cycle life, and response speed, replacing the traditional single lithium-ion battery solution and solving the inherent defects of the traditional solution, such as short cycle life, high risk of thermal runaway, and narrow SOC operating window, from the hardware level.

[0023] To achieve a comparative empirical test under the same operating conditions and parameters, the rated output power of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment 1, the lithium titanate battery energy storage compartment 2, and the flywheel energy storage compartment 3 were all calibrated to P0 / 3. Furthermore, the key electrical parameters of the three, such as charge / discharge rate and rated continuous operating time, were kept strictly consistent: the charge / discharge rate adjustment range was 5C~10C, which could meet the short-term high-rate charge / discharge requirements of the power grid frequency regulation; the rated continuous operating time was set to 10 minutes, matching the continuous adjustment time requirements of the coal-fired power unit's AGC frequency regulation and primary frequency regulation, ensuring that the three types of energy storage could be compared under the same output constraints, thus eliminating the interference of parameter differences on the empirical results.

[0024] The power conversion system comprises three identical PCS4 units, one grid-connected switchgear 7, one step-up transformer 6, one high-voltage switch station 8, and auxiliary electrical components such as metal oxide surge arresters, electromagnetic voltage transformers, and current transformers. It is centrally located in the coal-fired power unit's auxiliary power distribution room, maintaining a safe electrical distance from the energy storage compartment for centralized monitoring and fault maintenance. The three PCS4 units are high-frequency isolated bidirectional power conversion devices with a DC input voltage of 690V DC, compatible with the DC output characteristics of the three types of energy storage compartments; their AC output voltage is 6kV AC, with a rated frequency of 50Hz, matching the electrical parameters of the auxiliary power system. The circuit topology adopts a full-bridge isolated structure, using FF300R12KE4 IGBT modules as switching devices, with a switching frequency set to 10kHz. The control algorithm employs a dual closed-loop PI control with an outer voltage loop and an inner current loop, providing fast response, stable adjustment, and harmonic suppression capabilities, meeting the dynamic power regulation requirements under frequency modulation conditions.

[0025] To ensure consistency and synchronization in the coordinated operation of multiple energy storage systems, the rated power, circuit topology, switching device parameters, and control algorithms of the three PCS4 systems are identical. Furthermore, under rated operating conditions, the power loss difference between any two PCS4 systems does not exceed 2% of their respective rated power. This avoids uneven output and asynchronous response due to differences in equipment performance, ensuring control accuracy when wind farms, multiple energy storage systems, and coal-fired power units are jointly frequency-regulated. The DC output terminals of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment 1, lithium titanate battery energy storage compartment 2, and flywheel energy storage compartment 3 are electrically connected to the DC input terminals of the three PCS4 systems one-to-one. The connecting cables use YJV-0.6 / 1kV copper core cables, with a cross-sectional area uniformly configured at 120mm² according to the power requirements of P0 / 3. The cables are laid in cable trays to avoid electromagnetic interference and mechanical damage. The AC output terminals of the three PCS4 sets are connected to the low-voltage input terminal of the step-up transformer 6 via busbar 5. Busbar 5 is a TMY-100×10 type copper busbar with tin plating to reduce contact resistance and inhibit oxidation corrosion. The step-up transformer 6 is an oil-immersed double-winding transformer with a rated capacity matching the reference power P0. The connection group is Dyn11, and the impedance voltage percentage is 6%. It features strong overload capacity and high voltage regulation accuracy, making it suitable for power fluctuation requirements under frequency modulation conditions. The high-voltage output terminal of the step-up transformer 6 is electrically interconnected with the coal-fired power unit's auxiliary power busbar 9 via a series connection of the grid-connected switchgear 7 and the high-voltage switch station 8. The grid-connected switchgear 7 is a KYN28-12 type metal-armored withdrawable switchgear, with a built-in vacuum circuit breaker with a rated current of 1250A and a rated breaking current of 25kA, providing short-circuit protection, overload protection, and opening and closing control functions. The high-voltage switch station 8 uses GIS combined electrical appliances, which have a compact structure, excellent insulation performance, and long maintenance cycle, significantly reducing the floor space of the distribution room and improving the operational reliability of the high-voltage system. The wind farm is also connected to the coal-fired power unit's auxiliary power busbar 9 via the high-voltage switch station 8, realizing the electrical integration of wind power, multi-energy storage, and coal-fired power units, and constructing a unified joint frequency regulation power supply system.

[0026] In the auxiliary components of the power conversion system, a metal oxide surge arrester (model YH5WZ-17 / 45, rated voltage 17kV) is connected in parallel between the high-voltage output terminal of the step-up transformer 6 and the grounding electrode. It is used to suppress lightning overvoltage and switching overvoltage, protecting the insulation safety of high-voltage equipment such as the step-up transformer 6 and the grid-connected switchgear 7. An electromagnetic voltage transformer and a current transformer are connected in series between the outgoing terminals of the grid-connected switchgear 7 and the incoming terminals of the high-voltage switch station 8. The voltage transformer is model JDZ10-10 with a transformation ratio of 10000 / 100, and the current transformer is model LZZBJ9-10 with a transformation ratio of 600 / 5. Their secondary signal output terminals are connected to the signal acquisition unit of the empirical evaluation module 16 via an RVVP-2×1.5 shielded cable. This is used to collect real-time voltage and current electrical parameters from the grid side and the wind farm side, providing raw data support for frequency regulation effect evaluation and power metering.

[0027] The energy management system comprises an EMS main controller 11, a remote communication device 12, a high-precision synchronous clock 14, and an industrial-grade data acquisition server 15. The entire system is deployed in the plant-side control room, using a standard rack-mounted installation. It features dustproof, heat dissipation, and lightning protection functions, ensuring a stable operating environment. The EMS main controller 11 uses an Advantech IPC-610 industrial computer, equipped with an Intel Core i7 processor, 16GB of memory, and a 1TB solid-state drive. It runs a Linux operating system and self-developed energy storage and frequency regulation control software, boasting strong computing power and stable operation, enabling multi-source collaborative control logic operations and command issuance. The remote communication device 12 uses the NARI RCS-9000 series, supporting mainstream communication protocols such as IEC60870-5-104 and Modbus. It offers strong compatibility and stable transmission, meeting the data interaction requirements of both the plant and dispatch levels. The high-precision synchronization clock 14 is equipped with a GPS / BeiDou dual-mode timing module, achieving a time synchronization accuracy better than 1μs. It supports synchronization protocols such as IRIG-B and PTP, and can maintain high-precision time synchronization using the BeiDou system even in scenarios without GPS signals. The industrial-grade data acquisition server 15 uses a Dell PowerEdge R740 server, configured with dual CPUs, 32GB of memory, and a 4TB RAID5 array. It boasts strong data processing and storage capabilities, meeting the needs of long-term, high-frequency data acquisition and storage.

[0028] The EMS main controller 11 establishes bidirectional electrical signal interaction links with the unit's distributed control system (DCS) 10, the grid dispatch automatic generation control (AGC) / primary frequency regulation system 13, and the wind farm through the remote communication device 12. The communication medium is optical fiber with a transmission rate of 100Mbps, offering strong anti-interference capabilities and low transmission latency. This enables real-time synchronous transmission of frequency regulation commands, real-time output data from the wind farm, unit operating status data, and energy storage equipment data, breaking down information barriers between dispatching, units, energy storage, and wind power. Simultaneously, the EMS main controller 11 establishes a closed-loop control signal link with each PCS4 unit individually through an RVVP-4×2.5 type independent shielded cable. The grounding resistance of the shielding layer is no greater than 4Ω, effectively suppressing electromagnetic interference and ensuring stable and reliable control signal transmission. The EMS main controller 11 equally divides the received frequency modulation target power signal and synchronously distributes it to the control units of each PCS4 using a no-priority strategy. This enables coordinated response control of the wind farm, each energy storage subsystem, and the coal-fired power unit, avoiding single energy storage overload or response lag, and improving the synchronization and stability of joint frequency regulation.

[0029] The high-precision synchronous clock 14 establishes synchronous signal connections with the EMS main controller 11, the wind farm monitoring system, each PCS4 control unit, and the empirical evaluation module 16 via RS485 bus or Ethernet interface. The synchronization period is set to 1 second to uniformly calibrate the time base of each device, eliminate data misalignment and command lag caused by clock deviations of different devices, and ensure that the response timing deviation of the wind farm, multi-energy storage subsystem, and coal-fired power unit does not exceed 5ms, thus providing a time base guarantee for multi-source coordinated frequency regulation and synchronous data acquisition.

[0030] The empirical evaluation module 16 includes an equipment health assessment unit 17, a horizontal comparison scoring software 18, and a local / cloud dual-redundant database 19. It is installed in the same cabinet as the energy management system, reducing wiring complexity and improving system integration. The equipment health assessment unit 17 uses an NI cDAQ-9178 data acquisition chassis, configured with a 9205 voltage acquisition module, a 9227 current acquisition module, and a 9211 temperature acquisition module. The sampling frequency is set to 1kHz, enabling high-precision acquisition of analog and digital signals and real-time capture of equipment operating status changes. The horizontal comparison scoring software 18 is developed based on the LabVIEW platform, featuring a user-friendly interface and fast processing speed. It incorporates a four-dimensional weighted scoring model based on equipment health, electrical safety, operational economy, and frequency modulation response, enabling multi-dimensional data fusion analysis and quantitative scoring. In the local / cloud dual-redundant database 19, the local database adopts a RAID 5 redundant array storage architecture and is equipped with an industrial-grade redundant server, which has fast data read and write speed and strong fault tolerance, avoiding data loss due to single point of failure; the cloud database is deployed on Alibaba Cloud ECS server and achieves real-time data synchronization with the local database through SSL / TLS 1.2 and above encrypted communication protocol, which improves data storage security and traceability.

[0031] The data acquisition terminal of the empirical evaluation module 16 establishes electrical signal connections with the wind farm, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment 1, the lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment 2, the flywheel energy storage compartment 3, and the three PCS4 sets, respectively, through voltage / current acquisition loops and communication interfaces. The acquired parameters cover energy storage compartment end voltage, charging and discharging current, SOC, and internal temperature; PCS input and output voltage, current, power, switching device temperature, and fault codes; as well as wind farm output and grid-side electrical parameters, etc., providing comprehensive operational data to achieve multi-dimensional and all-element status monitoring. The horizontal comparison and scoring software 18 analyzes and processes the acquired electrical and operating condition data to complete the horizontal quantitative scoring, and stores the scoring results in a dual-redundant local / cloud database 19. The data storage duration of both the local and cloud databases is no less than 3 years, and it supports historical data traceability queries by wind farm number, equipment number, time interval, and electrical parameter type, providing complete data support for long-term empirical analysis, technical comparison, and pattern summarization.

[0032] In this embodiment, the rated output power of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment 1, the lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment 2, and the flywheel energy storage compartment 3 are all determined based on the reference power P0. The calibration process of P0 closely matches the actual operating conditions of the coal-fired power unit, ensuring that the platform's designed power is accurately matched with the frequency regulation requirements: First, the automatic generation control (AGC) command signals and primary frequency regulation operation electrical data of the target coal-fired power unit and wind farm are collected for 12 consecutive months. The collection period is 1 second. The collected parameters include AGC command power, actual unit output power, primary frequency regulation trigger signal, primary frequency regulation response power, and real-time output of the wind farm, comprehensively covering the operating characteristics under different loads and different dispatch commands; then, the collected data is filtered. The process involves removing outliers with power fluctuations exceeding 10% of the rated power to reduce the impact of interference data on the calculation results, and classifying and organizing the data according to AGC and primary frequency regulation conditions. Next, the 95% probability power statistical method is used to calculate the rated characteristic power P1 under AGC and the rated characteristic power P2 under primary frequency regulation conditions. This involves arranging the unit power demand data for the corresponding conditions in ascending order and taking the power value with a cumulative probability of 95% as the characteristic power, reflecting the unit's conventional frequency regulation power demand. Finally, the maximum value between P1 and P2 is selected as the baseline power, which is then rounded up to an integer power that matches the electrical and mechanical specifications of a standard containerized energy storage cabin, resulting in P0. For example, if P1=12.3MW and P2=15.7MW, then 15.7MW is selected as the base power and rounded up to 16MW (matching the rated power specification of a 40-foot containerized energy storage cabin), that is, P0=16MW. At this time, the rated output power of each energy storage cabin is 16 / 3≈5.33MW, realizing the unification of power configuration with standard cabin specifications.

[0033] In this embodiment, the rated energy storage capacity of any one of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment 1, lithium titanate battery energy storage compartment 2, and flywheel energy storage compartment 3 is calculated using a unified formula: Rated energy storage capacity = (P0 / 3) × (10 / 60) MWh. Taking P0 = 16MW as an example, the rated energy storage capacity = (16 / 3) × (10 / 60) ≈ 0.89MWh. To ensure the electrical consistency of the energy output capacity between the wind farm and each energy storage compartment, standardized testing of the actual output capacity of each energy storage compartment is required during the platform commissioning phase: A rated power charge-discharge test is performed on the energy storage compartment using PCS4, recording the charge-discharge duration and energy change data, calculating the deviation between the actual output capacity and the rated energy storage capacity, and ensuring that the absolute value of the deviation does not exceed 3%. For example, when the rated energy storage capacity is 0.89MWh, the actual output capacity needs to be controlled between 0.8633MWh and 0.9167MWh to eliminate the influence of individual equipment differences on the empirical comparison results and ensure the fairness and scientific nature of the comparison under the same operating conditions.

[0034] The horizontal comparison scoring software 18 utilizes a built-in four-dimensional weighted scoring model, with equipment health, electrical safety, operational economy, and frequency regulation response as core evaluation dimensions. The baseline weights for each dimension are 30%, 25%, 25%, and 20%, respectively. The evaluation system comprehensively covers equipment performance, safety, cost, and frequency regulation functionality. The specific calculation method is as follows: The equipment health score is calculated based on the operating parameters of the energy storage compartment and PCS4, including indicators such as supercapacitor capacity decay rate, lithium titanate battery cycle life decay rate, flywheel speed fluctuation range, and PCS switching device junction temperature change. Each indicator is weighted according to its weight to obtain a maximum score of 100. The evaluation criteria are as follows: Health score; Electrical safety score, calculated based on parameters such as temperature and fault signals, including the highest temperature of the energy storage compartment, the number of times the PCS overcurrent / overvoltage protection is triggered, and the number of times the surge arrester operates, weighted to obtain a maximum safety score of 100; Operational economy score, calculated based on parameters such as energy consumption and maintenance costs, including PCS conversion efficiency and the unit energy maintenance cost of the energy storage compartment, weighted to obtain a maximum economic score of 100; Frequency regulation response score, calculated based on frequency regulation command tracking error, including AGC command tracking deviation and the first frequency regulation response time, weighted to obtain a maximum response score of 100. The final comprehensive score is calculated as follows: Equipment Health Score × 30% + Electrical Safety Score × 25% + Operational Economy Score × 25% + Frequency Regulation Response Score × 20%. Meanwhile, the weights of each dimension can be adjusted online through the remote parameter configuration interface of the EMS main controller 11 with an adjustment accuracy of 1%, and the sum of the weights of all dimensions is always 1. The weight allocation can be dynamically optimized according to the different empirical scenarios of wind farms participating in joint frequency regulation. For example, in scenarios that emphasize safety, the weight of electrical safety can be increased, and in scenarios that emphasize frequency regulation effect, the weight of frequency regulation response effect can be increased, thereby improving the applicability and flexibility of the platform.

[0035] In this embodiment, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage chamber 1, the lithium titanate battery energy storage chamber 2, and the flywheel energy storage chamber 3 all adopt a sealed steel structure enclosure. The enclosure material is Q235B steel plate with a thickness of not less than 2mm and a protection level of not less than IP54. It has dustproof, waterproof, and rustproof capabilities, and is suitable for complex outdoor operating environments. The enclosure is equipped with high-precision temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and electrical smoke sensors. The temperature sensor has a measurement range of -40℃ to 125℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃; the humidity sensor has a measurement range of 0 to 100%RH and an accuracy of ±3%RH; the electrical smoke sensor has a sensitivity of 0.1%obs / m, which can monitor the environmental conditions inside the chamber and detect early fire hazards in real time. It is also equipped with a forced air cooling system and an over-temperature protection circuit: the forced air cooling system uses an axial flow fan with an air volume of 1000 m³ / h, which automatically starts when the cabin temperature exceeds 40℃ to reduce the cabin temperature; the over-temperature protection circuit directly triggers PCS4 to stop charging and discharging operations when the cabin temperature exceeds 50℃, cutting off the energy transmission path and avoiding the risk of equipment damage or thermal runaway caused by high temperature, thus improving the inherent safety level of the system. The wind farm is equipped with an independent meteorological monitoring unit and output prediction unit, which are connected to the energy management system. It can collect meteorological data such as wind speed, wind direction, sunshine, and temperature in real time, predict short-term output changes of the wind farm, and provide predictive basis for the coordinated frequency regulation control of the EMS main controller 11, further improving the accuracy of joint frequency regulation response.

[0036] The overall operation of this platform is divided into three stages: initialization, frequency regulation response, and data acquisition and evaluation. The logic is clear, the operation is stable, and it can achieve fully automatic coordinated frequency regulation and empirical evaluation. In the initialization stage, the rated output power of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment 1, the lithium titanate battery energy storage compartment 2, and the flywheel energy storage compartment 3 are all configured to P0 / 3, with a charge / discharge rate of 5C~10C and a rated continuous operating time of 10 minutes. The three sets of PCS4 parameters are calibrated to ensure that the power loss difference does not exceed 2% of its rated power. Communication links are established between the EMS main controller 11 and the unit DCS 10, the grid dispatch AGC / primary frequency regulation system 13, and the wind farm station through the remote communication device 12. A PCS control link is established through an independent shielded cable. The time base of the entire system is calibrated through a high-precision synchronous clock 14, completing the standardized configuration before system startup. During the frequency regulation response phase, the EMS main controller 11 receives the frequency regulation command signal issued by the grid dispatch AGC / primary frequency regulation system 13. Combined with the real-time output status of the wind farm, it equally divides the target power signal and synchronously sends it to each PCS4 control unit using a no-priority strategy. Each PCS4 drives the corresponding energy storage compartment to perform charging and discharging operations according to the command. Under the power increase command, the energy storage compartment discharges to feed energy; under the power decrease command, the energy storage compartment charges to store energy, achieving coordinated frequency regulation response of the wind farm, multi-element energy storage subsystem, and coal-fired power unit, quickly smoothing power fluctuations. During the data acquisition and evaluation phase, the empirical evaluation module 16 collects real-time operating data from the entire system. The horizontal comparison scoring software 18 completes quantitative scoring through a four-dimensional weighted scoring model. The scoring results are synchronously stored in a local / cloud dual-redundant database 19, providing data support for technology comparison, selection decisions, and optimization improvements.

[0037] Compared to traditional lithium-ion battery and PCS combined frequency regulation solutions, this platform offers significant advantages: Through the synergistic application of diverse power-type energy storage, it can meet short-term high-rate frequency regulation needs without requiring 2-3 times capacity over-sizing, reducing initial investment by approximately 20% and floor space by approximately 30%; Utilizing long-life components such as supercapacitors, lithium titanate batteries, and flywheels, its cycle life far exceeds that of traditional lithium iron phosphate batteries, avoiding frequent cell replacements and reducing overall lifecycle maintenance costs by approximately 40%; Diverse energy storage systems are compatible with high-rate charging and discharging, with controllable temperature rise and reduced risk of thermal runaway. The battery safety risks are reduced to less than 1 / 10 of traditional solutions; the SOC working window is widened, and the system call rate is significantly improved; at the same time, a standardized empirical platform for wind farms and multi-energy storage combined with coal-fired power units is built. Through comparison with the same parameters and operating conditions and four-dimensional quantitative evaluation, the full life cycle operation data of three types of power-type energy storage is obtained. This solves the problem of traditional solutions having no comparative data and being unable to scientifically select the right technology due to the single technical route. It provides replicable, quantifiable and scalable empirical support for the coal-fired power storage combined frequency regulation industry and promotes the iterative upgrade of new power system frequency regulation technology.

[0038] In a second aspect, this invention provides a method for using a frequency regulation demonstration platform for a wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit. The method is executed using the frequency regulation demonstration platform for the wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit as described above, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect AGC command signals and primary frequency regulation operation electrical data of coal-fired power units and wind farms for 12 consecutive months. Use the 95% probability power statistics method to calculate the rated characteristic power P1 under AGC condition and the rated characteristic power P2 under primary frequency regulation condition. Select the maximum value of P1 and P2 as the reference power. Round the reference power up to the integer power that matches the electrical and mechanical specifications of the standard containerized energy storage cabin to determine the reference power P0. Step 2: Configure the rated output power of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment 1, lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment 2, and flywheel energy storage compartment 3 to P0 / 3, and set the charge / discharge rate adjustment range of the three to 5C~10C and the rated continuous operating time to 10min; Simultaneously calibrate the rated power, circuit topology, switching device parameters, and control algorithm of the three sets of high-frequency isolated bidirectional power conversion devices PCS4, so that the power loss difference between any two sets of PCS4 under rated operating conditions does not exceed 2% of their own rated power, thus meeting the frequency regulation requirements of wind farms and multi-energy storage. Step 3: Through the remote communication device 12, establish a two-way electrical signal interaction link between the EMS main controller 11 and the unit distributed control system DCS 10, the grid dispatch AGC / primary frequency regulation system 13, and the wind farm. Use independent shielded cables to establish a closed-loop control signal link between the EMS main controller 11 and each PCS4. At the same time, establish a synchronization signal connection between the high-precision synchronization clock 14 and the EMS main controller 11, the wind farm monitoring system, each PCS4 control unit, and the empirical evaluation module 16 through RS485 bus or Ethernet interface to calibrate the time base of each device, so that the response timing deviation of the wind farm, the multi-element energy storage subsystem, and the coal-fired power unit does not exceed 5ms. Step 4: The EMS main controller 11 receives the frequency regulation command signal issued by the grid dispatch AGC / primary frequency regulation system 13. Combined with the real-time output status of the wind farm, it equally divides the frequency regulation target power signal and synchronously issues it to each PCS4 control unit with a no-priority strategy. Each PCS4 drives the corresponding energy storage compartment to perform charging and discharging operations according to the command, so as to realize the coordinated frequency regulation response of the wind farm, the multi-element energy storage subsystem and the coal-fired power unit. Step 5: Through the voltage / current acquisition circuit and communication interface of the empirical evaluation module 16, the electrical operating parameters, operating status data and fault alarm signals of the wind farm, hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment 1, lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment 2, flywheel energy storage compartment 3 and three sets of PCS4 are collected in real time; the collected data are analyzed and processed using the four-dimensional weighted scoring model built into the empirical evaluation module 16 to complete the horizontal quantitative scoring, and the scoring results are synchronously stored in the local / cloud dual redundant database 19.

[0039] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A demonstration platform for frequency regulation of wind farms and energy storage combined with coal-fired power units, characterized in that, include: The system includes a wind farm, a multi-electrode energy storage subsystem, a power conversion system, an energy management system, and an empirical evaluation module. The wind farm is connected to the coal-fired power unit's power busbar via an electrical tie line, forming a joint frequency regulation power supply together with the multi-electrode energy storage subsystem and the coal-fired power unit. The multi-element energy storage subsystem includes a hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, a lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment, and a flywheel energy storage compartment. The rated output power of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, the lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment, and the flywheel energy storage compartment are all rated as P0 / 3, and the three have the same electrical parameters such as charge / discharge rate and rated continuous operating time. The power conversion system includes three PCS of identical specifications, one grid-connected switchgear, one step-up transformer, and one high-voltage switch station. The DC output terminals of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment, and flywheel energy storage compartment are electrically connected to the DC input terminals of the three PCS in a one-to-one correspondence. The AC output terminals of the three PCS are connected to the low-voltage input terminal of the step-up transformer via a busbar. The high-voltage output terminal of the step-up transformer is electrically interconnected with the coal-fired power plant's auxiliary power bus via the grid-connected switchgear and the high-voltage switch station in series. The wind farm is also connected to the coal-fired power plant's auxiliary power bus via the high-voltage switch station. The installation reference plane, electrical interface protocol, and control signal interface of the three PCS are completely matched. The energy management system includes an EMS main controller, a remote communication device, a high-precision synchronous clock, and an industrial-grade data acquisition server. The EMS main controller establishes a two-way electrical signal interaction link with the unit's distributed control system (DCS), the grid dispatch automatic generation control (AGC) / primary frequency regulation system, and the wind farm through the remote communication device, so as to realize the real-time synchronous transmission of frequency regulation commands, wind farm output data, and equipment operation data. The EMS main controller also establishes a closed-loop control signal link with each PCS through an independent shielded cable. This link is used to equally split the received frequency modulation target power signal and synchronously distribute it to the control unit of each PCS using a no-priority strategy, thereby achieving coordinated response control between the wind farm, each energy storage subsystem, and the coal-fired power unit. The empirical evaluation module includes an equipment health assessment unit, horizontal comparison scoring software, and a local / cloud dual-redundant database. The data acquisition end of the empirical evaluation module establishes electrical signal connections with the wind farm, the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, the lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment, the flywheel energy storage compartment, and the three PCS through voltage / current acquisition loops and communication interfaces. This connection is used to collect the electrical operating parameters, operating status data, and fault alarm signals of each device in real time. The horizontal comparison scoring software incorporates a four-dimensional weighted scoring model based on equipment health, electrical safety, operational economy, and frequency regulation response. This model is used to analyze and process the collected electrical and operating condition data to complete the horizontal quantitative scoring, and the scoring results are stored in a dual-redundant local / cloud database.

2. The wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit frequency regulation demonstration platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, P0 is identified in the following way: Automatic generation control (AGC) command signals and primary frequency regulation operation electrical data of coal-fired power units and wind farms were collected for 12 consecutive months. The rated characteristic power P1 under AGC condition and the rated characteristic power P2 under primary frequency regulation condition were calculated using the 95% probability power statistics method. The maximum value between P1 and P2 is selected as the reference power. This reference power is then rounded up to an integer power that matches the electrical and mechanical specifications of a standard containerized energy storage cabin, which is P0.

3. The wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit frequency regulation demonstration platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charge / discharge rate adjustment range of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment, and flywheel energy storage compartment is 5C~10C, and the rated continuous running time is set to 10min. The rated energy storage capacity of any one of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, lithium titanate battery energy storage compartment, and flywheel energy storage compartment is defined by the formula: The rated energy storage capacity is calculated as (P0 / 3) × (10 / 60) MWh, and the absolute value of the deviation between the actual output capacity of each compartment and the rated energy storage capacity does not exceed 3%, ensuring the electrical consistency of the energy output capacity between the wind farm and each energy storage compartment.

4. The wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit frequency regulation demonstration platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PCS is a high-frequency isolated bidirectional power converter with a DC input voltage level of 690V DC, an AC output voltage level of 6kV AC, and a rated frequency of 50Hz. Among them, the three PCS sets have the same rated power, circuit topology, switching device parameters and control algorithm. When operating under rated conditions, the power loss difference between any two PCS sets does not exceed 2% of their own rated power, so as to match the coordinated output requirements of wind farms and multi-element energy storage subsystems.

5. The wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit frequency regulation demonstration platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management system's high-precision synchronization clock is equipped with a GPS / BeiDou dual-mode timing module, with a time synchronization accuracy better than 1μs. The high-precision synchronous clock establishes synchronous signal connections with the EMS main controller, wind farm monitoring system, each PCS control unit and the empirical evaluation module through RS485 bus or Ethernet interface, respectively, to calibrate the time base of each device and ensure that the response timing deviation of the wind farm, multi-energy storage subsystem and coal-fired power unit does not exceed 5ms.

6. The wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit frequency regulation demonstration platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The local database of the empirical evaluation module adopts a RAID 5 redundant array storage architecture and is equipped with an industrial-grade redundant server. Among them, the cloud database achieves real-time data synchronization with the local database through SSL / TLS 1.2 and above encrypted communication protocols; Both local and cloud databases have a data storage duration of no less than 3 years and support historical data tracing and querying by wind farm station number, equipment number, time interval, and electrical parameter type.

7. The wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit frequency regulation demonstration platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned four-dimensional weighted scoring model, the baseline weights for equipment health, electrical safety, operational economy, and frequency modulation response are 30%, 25%, 25%, and 20%, respectively. The weights of each dimension, including equipment health, electrical safety, operational economy, and frequency regulation response, can be adjusted online through the remote parameter configuration interface of the EMS main controller. It supports dynamic optimization of weight allocation based on the different empirical scenarios of wind farms participating in joint frequency regulation, and the sum of the weights of all dimensions is always 1, with a weight adjustment accuracy of 1%.

8. The wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit frequency regulation demonstration platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hybrid supercapacitor energy storage chamber, lithium titanate energy storage battery chamber, and flywheel energy storage chamber adopt a sealed steel structure box. The box is equipped with a high-precision temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and electrical smoke sensor, and is equipped with a forced air cooling heat dissipation system and an over-temperature protection circuit. Wind farms are equipped with independent meteorological monitoring units and power output prediction units, which are connected to the energy management system.

9. The wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit frequency regulation demonstration platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conversion system further includes: Metal oxide surge arresters, electromagnetic voltage transformers, and current transformers; The metal oxide surge arrester is connected in parallel between the high voltage output terminal of the step-up transformer and the grounding electrode to form an overvoltage protection circuit, which is used to suppress lightning overvoltage and switching overvoltage. The voltage transformer and current transformer are connected in series between the outgoing terminal of the grid-connected switchgear and the incoming terminal of the high-voltage switch station. Their secondary signal output terminals are connected to the signal acquisition unit of the empirical evaluation module through shielded cables, which are used to collect voltage and current electrical parameters on the grid side and wind farm side in real time and feed them back to the scoring model.

10. A method for using a frequency regulation demonstration platform for a wind farm and energy storage combined coal-fired power unit, characterized in that, The method is conducted using the frequency regulation demonstration platform for wind farms and energy storage combined with coal-fired power units as described in any one of claims 1-9, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect automatic generation control (AGC) command signals and primary frequency regulation operation electrical data of coal-fired power units and wind farms for 12 consecutive months, and calculate the rated characteristic power P1 under AGC condition and the rated characteristic power P2 under primary frequency regulation condition using the 95% probability power statistical method. Select the maximum value of P1 and P2 as the reference power, and round up the reference power to the integer power that matches the electrical and mechanical specifications of the standard containerized energy storage cabin to determine the reference power P0. Step 2: Configure the rated output power of the hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, lithium titanate battery energy storage compartment, and flywheel energy storage compartment to P0 / 3, set the charge / discharge rate adjustment range of the three to 5C~10C, and the rated continuous operating time to 10min; simultaneously calibrate the rated power, circuit topology, switching device parameters, and control algorithm of the three sets of high-frequency isolated bidirectional power converters (PCS) to ensure that the power loss difference between any two PCS under rated operating conditions does not exceed 2% of their own rated power, thus meeting the frequency regulation requirements of wind farms and multi-energy storage. Step 3: Establish bidirectional electrical signal interaction links between the EMS main controller and the unit's distributed control system (DCS), the grid dispatching AGC / primary frequency regulation system, and the wind farm through a remote communication device; establish a closed-loop control signal link between the EMS main controller and each PCS using independent shielded cables; simultaneously establish synchronization signal connections between a high-precision synchronous clock and the EMS main controller, the wind farm monitoring system, each PCS control unit, and the empirical evaluation module via RS485 bus or Ethernet interface to calibrate the time base of each device, ensuring that the response timing deviation of the wind farm, the multi-element energy storage subsystem, and the coal-fired power unit does not exceed 5ms. Step 4: The EMS main controller receives the frequency regulation command signal issued by the grid dispatch AGC / primary frequency regulation system. Combined with the real-time output status of the wind farm, it equally divides the frequency regulation target power signal and synchronously issues it to the control unit of each PCS using a no-priority strategy. Each PCS drives the corresponding energy storage compartment to perform charging and discharging operations according to the command, realizing the coordinated frequency regulation response of the wind farm, the multi-element energy storage subsystem and the coal-fired power unit. Step 5: Through the voltage / current acquisition loop and communication interface of the empirical evaluation module, collect in real time the electrical operating parameters, operating status data, and fault alarm signals of the wind farm, hybrid supercapacitor energy storage compartment, lithium titanate energy storage battery compartment, flywheel energy storage compartment, and three PCS systems; use the four-dimensional weighted scoring model built into the empirical evaluation module to analyze and process the collected electrical and operating data, complete the horizontal quantitative scoring, and synchronously store the scoring results in a local / cloud dual-redundant database.

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