Energy management architecture and energy management method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage control, and specifically discloses an energy management architecture and an energy management method. The energy management architecture comprises a master energy management system, a slave energy management system and a plurality of power conversion systems; a communication end of the master energy management system is connected with a communication end of the slave energy management system; the power conversion system comprises at least one adjustable subsystem whose control right is dispatched and distributed by the master energy management system or the slave energy management system, and the adjustable subsystem is simultaneously connected with a control end of the master energy management system and a control end of the slave energy management system. The slave energy management system generates a dispatch control request when a communication state with the master energy management system is abnormal, and the dispatch control request is transmitted to the master energy management system through the adjustable subsystem. The master energy management system generates a check result signal feedback to the slave energy management system in correspondence. In the case that the check result does not pass, the slave energy management system takes over the control right of the adjustable subsystem, thereby avoiding double master conflict caused by mis-switching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage control technology, and in particular to an energy management architecture and energy management method. Background Technology

[0002] As energy storage systems continue to expand in scale and their application scenarios become more complex, higher demands are placed on their high availability, fault isolation capabilities, and flexible scalability. Therefore, Energy Management Systems (EMS) typically employ a master-slave architecture to achieve control redundancy and improve system reliability. The master and slave EMS systems synchronize states and coordinate control through a communication network to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the energy storage system.

[0003] In actual operation, when a network failure (such as interrupted heartbeat signal or abnormal communication link) prevents the primary and secondary EMS from accurately determining each other's operating status, the secondary EMS may misjudge the primary EMS as malfunctioning and take over system control. If the original primary EMS is still operating normally at this time, a "dual-master" operating state may be formed, where two primary EMSs operate in parallel. In this state, the two primary EMSs may simultaneously issue control commands to the same PCS or other controlled devices, leading to control command conflicts, such as issuing contradictory charging and discharging commands at the same time. This can cause abnormal operation of the energy storage system and even safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide an energy management architecture and energy management method, which aims to solve the technical problem that energy storage management systems in the prior art are prone to erroneous switching and cause dual-master conflict failures.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an energy management architecture, which includes: a master energy management system, a slave energy management system, and multiple power conversion systems; The communication terminal of the main energy management system is connected to the communication terminal of the slave energy management system; The power conversion system includes at least one adjustable subsystem whose control is scheduled and allocated by the main energy management system or the slave energy management system. The adjustable subsystem is connected to both the control terminal of the main energy management system and the control terminal of the slave energy management system. When the slave energy management system receives a communication status abnormality from the master energy management system at the communication terminal, it generates a scheduling control request and sends the scheduling control request to the master energy management system through the adjustable subsystem. Upon receiving the scheduling control request, the main energy management system generates a verification result signal and sends the verification result signal to the slave energy management system through the adjustable subsystem. The energy management system takes over control of the adjustable subsystem if the verification result of the verification result signal fails.

[0006] In one embodiment, the slave energy management system operates as the master energy management system after taking over control of the adjustable subsystem; The primary energy management system operates as a secondary energy management system after the communication status recovers from an anomaly.

[0007] In one embodiment, the main energy management system also maintains control over the adjustable subsystem if the verification result of the verification result signal from the slave energy management system passes.

[0008] In one embodiment, the main energy management system and the slave energy management system respectively store mapping management relationships, which include: a set of fixed-control power conversion systems, a set of adjustable subsystems composed of the adjustable subsystems, and the maximum number of power conversion systems that each energy management system can handle under its computing power threshold. When the energy management system takes over control of the adjustable subsystem, it shall, according to the mapping management relationship, take over the adjustable subsystem within the range that the number of power conversion systems it currently manages does not exceed the maximum number of power conversion systems that the energy management system can handle.

[0009] In one embodiment, the energy management architecture further includes: a PCC meter, a protection meter, and a metering meter; The input terminal of the meter is connected to each of the power conversion systems, the output terminal of the meter is connected to the input terminal of the protection meter, the output terminal of the protection meter is connected to the input terminal of the PCC meter, and the output terminal of the PCC meter is connected to the main energy management system and the slave energy management system respectively. The metering meter collects electrical energy data from the energy management architecture, the protection meter collects abnormal status data from the power conversion system, and the PCC meter collects energy dispatch data. After taking over control of the adjustable subsystem, the energy management system schedules the controlled adjustable subsystem based on the power data, the abnormal state data, and the energy scheduling data.

[0010] Secondly, the present invention also proposes an energy management method, which is applied to the energy management architecture described in the first aspect above. Specifically, the energy management method includes: In the event of an abnormal communication status received from the main energy management system, a scheduling control request is generated; The scheduling control request is sent to the main energy management system through the adjustable subsystem; Receive the verification result signal returned by the main energy management system based on the scheduling control request; If the verification result of the verification result signal fails, control of the adjustable subsystem is taken over.

[0011] In one embodiment, the step of taking over control of the adjustable subsystem when the verification result signal fails includes: If the verification result of the verification result signal fails, the mapping management relationship is obtained; The maximum number of power conversion systems that can be supported is determined based on the aforementioned mapping management relationship; Take control of the adjustable subsystem based on the number of maximum power conversion systems.

[0012] Thirdly, the present invention also proposes an energy management method, which is applied to the energy management architecture described in the first aspect above. Specifically, the energy management method includes: Receive scheduling control requests transmitted from the energy management system; Generate a verification result signal based on the scheduling control request; The verification result signal is sent to the slave energy management system through the adjustable subsystem to schedule control of the adjustable subsystem.

[0013] In one embodiment, the step of generating a verification result signal according to the scheduling control request includes: The computing load rate is obtained by comparing the number of power conversion systems currently under actual control with the maximum number of power conversion systems. When the computing load rate is lower than the acceptance threshold, calculate the link quality score of the communication link with the adjustable subsystem; If the link quality score exceeds the scheduling threshold, determine whether the request power corresponding to the scheduling control request is within the available power range of the adjustable subsystem; If so, the verification result signal is generated.

[0014] In one embodiment, when the computing load rate is lower than the capacity threshold, the step of calculating the link quality score of the communication link with the adjustable subsystem includes: When the computing power load rate is lower than the acceptance threshold, the communication delay of the communication link between the system and the adjustable subsystem is normalized to obtain the normalized delay. The normalized delay and the packet loss rate of the communication link are weighted and calculated to obtain the quality of the communication link.

[0015] This invention proposes an energy management architecture and method. The energy management architecture includes a master energy management system, a slave energy management system, and multiple power conversion systems. The communication terminals of the master energy management system and the slave energy management systems are connected. Each power conversion system includes at least one adjustable subsystem whose control is allocated by either the master or slave energy management system. The adjustable subsystem is connected to both the control terminals of the master and slave energy management systems. When the slave energy management system experiences an abnormal communication with the master energy management system, it generates a scheduling control request, which is transmitted to the master energy management system via the adjustable subsystem. The master energy management system then generates a verification result signal and feeds it back to the slave energy management system. If the verification result fails, the slave energy management system takes over control of the adjustable subsystem. Because both the scheduling control request and the verification result signal are transmitted via the adjustable subsystem, even if the communication terminal between the master and slave is abnormal, there is still a verification channel independent of the communication terminal. This allows the slave energy management system to obtain the actual computational response of the master energy management system, reducing the probability of false alarms and preventing dual-master parallel control. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the energy management architecture of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the energy management architecture of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first process of the energy management method of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second process of the energy management method of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third process of the energy management method of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth process of the energy management method of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10. Main energy management system; 20. Slave energy management system; 30. Power conversion system; 301. Adjustable subsystem; 40. PCC meter; 50. Protection meter; 60. Metering meter. Detailed Implementation

[0018] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0021] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the energy management architecture of the present invention. The present invention proposes an energy management architecture including: a main energy management system 10, a slave energy management system 20, and multiple power conversion systems 30. The communication terminal of the main energy management system 10 is connected to the communication terminal of the slave energy management system 20; the power conversion system 30 includes at least one adjustable subsystem 301 whose control is scheduled and allocated by the main energy management system 10 or the slave energy management system 20, and the adjustable subsystem 301 is simultaneously connected to the control terminal of both the main energy management system 10 and the slave energy management system 20.

[0023] It should be noted that the slave energy management system 20 can generate a scheduling control request when it receives a communication status anomaly from the master energy management system 10 at the communication terminal, and send the scheduling control request to the master energy management system 10 through the adjustable subsystem 301. Upon receiving the scheduling control request, the master energy management system 10 can generate a verification result signal and send the verification result signal to the slave energy management system 20 through the adjustable subsystem 301. The slave energy management system 20 can take over control of the adjustable subsystem 301 if the verification result signal fails.

[0024] It is understandable that the energy management architecture can be the overall control architecture in an energy storage system used for energy acquisition, analysis, scheduling, and control. The main energy management system 10 and the slave energy management system 20 can be control units that perform energy management functions, such as industrial controllers, embedded controllers, or servers with computing and communication capabilities. The main energy management system 10 and the slave energy management system 20 can be identical in hardware form; their main difference lies in their different roles during operation. The power conversion system (PCS) can be a device in the energy storage system that realizes bidirectional energy conversion, for example, it can be constructed as an energy storage converter to complete the conversion and regulation of charging and discharging power between the DC and AC sides. The adjustable subsystem 301 can be the part of the power conversion system 30 whose control rights can be transferred between the main energy management system 10 and the slave energy management system 20; that is, the control affiliation is not fixed to a particular energy management system but can be scheduled and allocated within the power conversion system 30.

[0025] It should be understood that the communication terminal can be the interface for exchanging status and data between various energy management systems, and the control terminal can be the interface for each energy management system to issue control commands to the power conversion system 30. The scheduling control request can be a request signal generated by the energy management system 20 after detecting a communication anomaly to verify the control capability of the main energy management system 10. The verification result signal can be a signal output by the main energy management system 10 after calculating and judging the scheduling control request, used to characterize whether it still possesses effective control capability.

[0026] It should be noted that the power conversion system 30 must include at least one adjustable subsystem 301. The minimum number of adjustable subsystems 301 is one, but the maximum number is not limited and can be flexibly configured according to the capacity and scheduling requirements of the energy storage system. Power conversion systems 30 not included in the adjustable subsystems 301 can be fixedly controlled by a specific energy management system. The definition of communication status anomalies is based on whether the master and slave sides can accurately determine each other's operating status through the communication terminal. For example, situations where the heartbeat signal is interrupted, the communication link times out, or messages are continuously lost, making it impossible for either side to confirm the other's status, can all be classified as communication status anomalies. The adjustable subsystem 301 is connected to both the master and slave control terminals.

[0027] Understandably, a passing verification result indicates that the main energy management system 10 still possesses effective scheduling calculation and control capabilities; a failing verification result indicates that the main energy management system 10's control capabilities are abnormal. In specific implementations, if a verification result is not obtained within a preset time, it can also be treated as a failing verification result. The main energy management system 10 can also maintain control over the adjustable subsystem 301 if the verification result signal from the energy management system 20 passes.

[0028] In one possible implementation, under normal operation, the main energy management system (MMS) performs energy scheduling for all power conversion systems, while the slave energy management system (SMS) remains in standby mode and periodically receives heartbeats from the MMS via a communication terminal. If the SMS fails to receive a heartbeat from the MMS for three consecutive heartbeat cycles, indicating a communication anomaly, it generates a scheduling control request and sends it to the MMS via the adjustable subsystem. Upon receiving the request, the MMS performs calculations and generates a verification result signal, which is then sent back to the SMS via the adjustable subsystem. The SMS can obtain the verification result signal by periodically polling the adjustable subsystem. If the verification result is negative, the SMS takes over control of the adjustable subsystem and continues scheduling the corresponding power conversion system; otherwise, it remains in standby mode. Therefore, even in the event of a communication failure between the master and slave systems, the actual control capability of the MMS can still be verified using the adjustable subsystem as a bypass, helping to avoid direct master takeover due to communication failure and reducing the probability of dual-master conflicts.

[0029] Furthermore, the energy management system 20 can operate as the master energy management system 10 after taking over control of the adjustable subsystem 301; the master energy management system 10 can operate as the slave energy management system 20 after the communication status recovers from an anomaly.

[0030] It should be noted that operating as the main energy management system 10 can mean undertaking the leading control responsibility for energy dispatch, that is, issuing dispatch commands to the power conversion system 30 and performing calculation verification; operating as the slave energy management system 20 can mean switching to standby mode and monitoring the status of the other party, temporarily not taking the lead in dispatch. The role of the same control unit can be interchanged at different times; its hardware itself does not change, but the responsibilities it performs during operation change.

[0031] It should be understood that maintaining control over the adjustable subsystem 301 can mean that the main energy management system 10 continues to maintain the scheduling ownership of the adjustable subsystem 301, and there is no transfer of control. That is, the main energy management system 10 still issues scheduling instructions and manages the adjustable subsystem 301.

[0032] It should be noted that this process corresponds to the process of taking over control from the energy management system 20, with the verification result serving as the dividing line: if the verification result passes, the main energy management system 10 maintains control and the slave energy management system 20 does not take over; if the verification result fails, the slave energy management system 20 takes over. Therefore, the control attribution of the adjustable subsystem 301 has a definite direction at any given time, and there will be no situation where both the main and slave systems simultaneously claim control.

[0033] It is easy to understand that the energy management system primarily infers the survival status of the master energy management system based on the communication status between the master and slave. If the communication endpoint itself malfunctions, the judgment based on the status inference is easily distorted, potentially leading to false preemptive master control and dual-master conflicts. In this embodiment, the slave energy management system generates a scheduling control request and forwards it to the master energy management system via the adjustable subsystem. The master energy management system then performs the calculation on the scheduling control request and sends back a verification result signal via the adjustable subsystem. Since both the scheduling control request and the verification result signal are transmitted via the adjustable subsystem, even if there is an anomaly between the master and slave communication endpoints, the slave energy management system can still obtain the actual calculation response from the master energy management system. Only when the verification result fails does the slave energy management system take over control of the adjustable subsystem, helping to reduce the probability of false preemptive master control and prevent parallel control by two masters. Because this verification channel reuses the existing power conversion system and connection relationships, there is no need to introduce an additional arbitration controller or hardware interlocking circuit, which helps to improve system cost and deployment complexity and provides better engineering adaptability in complex network environments.

[0034] Based on the first embodiment of this application, in the second embodiment of this application, the content that is the same as or similar to that in Embodiment 1 above can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the energy management architecture in this application. The energy management architecture also includes: a PCC meter 40, a protection meter 50, and a metering meter 60; the input terminal of the metering meter 60 is connected to each power conversion system 30, the output terminal of the metering meter 60 is connected to the input terminal of the protection meter 50, the output terminal of the protection meter 50 is connected to the input terminal of the PCC meter 40, and the output terminal of the PCC meter 40 is connected to the main energy management system 10 and the slave energy management system 20, respectively.

[0035] It should be noted that the metering meter 60 collects the power data of the energy management architecture, the protection meter 50 collects the abnormal status data of the power conversion system 30, and the PCC meter 40 collects the energy dispatch data. After the energy management system 20 takes over the control of the adjustable subsystem 301, it dispatches the adjustable subsystem 301 based on the power data, abnormal status data, and energy dispatch data.

[0036] It should be understood that the PCC meter 40 can be a meter installed at the point of common coupling (PCC) to measure the energy exchange between the energy storage system and the grid. The protection meter 50 can be a meter used to monitor the operating status of the power conversion system 30 and identify abnormal conditions. The metering meter 60 can be a meter used to collect various electrical energy data of the power system in real time. Electrical energy data can be data reflecting the electrical energy status, such as voltage, current, power, and quantity; abnormal state data can be state data characterizing abnormalities in the power conversion system 30, such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature; energy dispatch data can be data reflecting the energy transmission, reception, and dispatch of the energy storage system at the PCC. The three types of meters are connected in a cascaded structure from the power conversion system 30 side to the PCC side, jointly providing the energy management system with the operating information required for dispatch.

[0037] It is easy to understand that after the energy management system 20 takes over the adjustable subsystem 301, it needs to continue the scheduling responsibilities of the original main energy management system 10. If it lacks a complete understanding of the system's power status, abnormal conditions of the power conversion system 30, and energy scheduling status, accurate scheduling after takeover will be difficult. This embodiment sets up three types of meters and provides their data to the main and slave energy management systems, enabling the slave energy management system 20 to perform scheduling based on power data, abnormal status data, and energy scheduling data after takeover. This helps improve the accuracy of scheduling after takeover and the continuity of energy storage system operation.

[0038] Furthermore, the main energy management system 10 and the secondary energy management system 20 respectively store mapping management relationships, which include: a set of fixed-control power conversion systems 30, a set of adjustable subsystems 301 composed of adjustable subsystems 301, and the maximum number of power conversion systems 30 that each energy management system can handle under its computing power threshold.

[0039] It should be noted that, when the energy management system 20 takes over control of the adjustable subsystem 301, it can, according to the mapping management relationship, take over the adjustable subsystem 301 within the range that the number of power conversion systems 30 currently under its actual control does not exceed the maximum number of power conversion systems 30 that the energy management system 20 can handle.

[0040] It should be understood that the mapping management relationship can be a set of configuration data describing the control affiliation between the power conversion system 30 and the energy management system and characterizing the topology of control transferability. The set of power conversion systems 30 with fixed control can be a set of power conversion systems 30 with fixed control affiliation and not participating in transfer; the set of adjustable subsystems 301 can be a set of power conversion systems 30 whose control rights can be transferred between master and slave. The maximum number of power conversion systems 30 that each energy management system can handle under its computing power threshold can be the upper limit of the number of power conversion systems 30 that the energy management system can simultaneously manage without exceeding its own computing power limit. The computing power threshold can be an indicator of the upper limit of the computing power of the energy management system, such as corresponding to the allowed boundaries of its processor load, scheduling operation cycle, etc.

[0041] Understandably, the mapping management relationships are stored separately in the primary energy management system 10 and the secondary energy management system 20. The current baseline for the actual number of power conversion systems 30 under control is the sum of the number of power conversion systems 30 already under the fixed control of the secondary energy management system 20 and the number of adjustable subsystems 301 to be taken over this time. The constraint during takeover is that the sum of these numbers does not exceed the maximum number of power conversion systems 30 that the secondary energy management system 20 can handle.

[0042] It is easy to understand that without constraints on the number of power conversion systems that can be taken over, a slave energy management system might take over more power conversion systems than its own computing power can handle at once after becoming the master, leading to delays or even failures in scheduling operations, which could jeopardize system operation. This solution upgrades control from being statically bound to a specific energy management system to system resources that can be scheduled, calculated, and verified based on a mapping management relationship. Furthermore, it constrains the takeover by setting a maximum limit on the number of power conversion systems, ensuring that the takeover scale is compatible with the actual computing power of the slave energy management system, thus improving the stability of scheduling operations after takeover.

[0043] Furthermore, another embodiment of the present invention provides an energy management method. This energy management method is applied to the energy management architecture described above. (Refer to...) Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a first flowchart illustrating the energy management method of the present invention, which includes: Step S10: If a communication status abnormality is received from the main energy management system, a scheduling control request is generated.

[0044] It should be noted that the energy management method in this embodiment can be a processing flow executed from the energy management system side. Taking over control of the adjustable subsystem can be a process where the energy management system switches the scheduling of the adjustable subsystem from the main energy management system to its own scheduling and allocation.

[0045] It is understandable that a dispatch control request can be a request signal generated by the energy management system to verify the control capabilities of the main energy management system after it detects a communication anomaly.

[0046] Step S20: Send the scheduling control request to the main energy management system through the adjustable subsystem.

[0047] It should be noted that an adjustable subsystem can be the part of a power conversion system whose control authority can be transferred between the main energy management system and the secondary energy management system. In other words, the control ownership is not fixed to a certain energy management system but can be scheduled and allocated to the power conversion system.

[0048] Step S30: Receive the verification result signal returned by the main energy management system based on the scheduling control request.

[0049] It should be noted that the verification result signal can be a signal output by the main energy management system after calculating and judging the scheduling control request, used to characterize whether it still possesses effective control capabilities.

[0050] Step S40: If the verification result of the verification result signal fails, take over the control of the adjustable subsystem.

[0051] It should be noted that a passing verification result indicates that the main energy management system still possesses effective scheduling calculation and control capabilities; a failing verification result indicates an abnormality in the control capabilities of the main energy management system. In practical implementation, if a verification result is not obtained within a preset time, it can also be treated as a failing verification result. The main energy management system can also maintain control over the adjustable subsystem even if the verification result signal from the energy management system passes.

[0052] Furthermore, referring to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second process of the energy management method of the present invention. Step S40 includes: Step S401: If the verification result of the verification result signal fails, obtain the mapping management relationship.

[0053] Step S402: Determine the maximum number of power conversion systems that can be supported based on the mapping management relationship.

[0054] Step S403: Take control of the adjustable subsystem based on the number of maximum power conversion systems.

[0055] It should be understood that when the verification result fails, the mapping management relationship is obtained, and then the maximum number of power conversion systems that can be handled by the energy management system is read from the mapping management relationship. Finally, the adjustable subsystems are taken over with this number as the upper limit. The meaning of taking over in this way is to ensure that the number of power conversion systems actually controlled by the energy management system after the takeover does not exceed the maximum number of power conversion systems.

[0056] In this embodiment, upon receiving an abnormal communication status from the main energy management system, a scheduling control request is generated. This request is then sent to the main energy management system via the adjustable subsystem. A verification result signal returned by the main energy management system based on the scheduling control request is received. If the verification result signal fails, control of the adjustable subsystem is taken over. Since both the scheduling control request and the verification result signal are transmitted via this bypass of the adjustable subsystem, even if the communication between the master and slave systems is abnormal, there remains an independent verification channel. This allows the slave energy management system to obtain the true operational response of the main energy management system, reducing the probability of false alarms and preventing parallel control by two masters.

[0057] Furthermore, another embodiment of the present invention provides another energy management method. This energy management method is applied to the energy management architecture described above. (Refer to...) Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third process of the energy management method of the present invention, which includes: Step S11: Receive the scheduling control request transmitted from the energy management system.

[0058] It should be noted that the energy management method in this embodiment can be a processing flow executed by the main energy management system.

[0059] Step S21: Generate a verification result signal based on the scheduling control request.

[0060] It should be noted that generating a verification result signal based on a scheduling control request can be a process in which the main energy management system performs scheduling calculations on the received scheduling control request, determines whether it currently has the capacity to accept the scheduling request, and then outputs a signal to characterize the determination.

[0061] Step S31: Send the verification result signal to the energy management system through the adjustable subsystem to schedule control of the adjustable subsystem.

[0062] It is understandable that the control of the adjustable subsystem can refer to the verification result signal being used by the energy management system to determine whether to take over the adjustable subsystem, thereby completing the scheduling confirmation of the control ownership of the adjustable subsystem between the master and slave sides.

[0063] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth process of the energy management method of the present invention. Step S12 includes: Step S211: Obtain the computing load rate based on the ratio of the number of power conversion systems currently under actual control to the maximum number of power conversion systems.

[0064] It should be noted that the computing power load rate can be the ratio of the number of power conversion systems currently managed by the main energy management system to its maximum number of power conversion systems. This ratio characterizes the degree of computing power occupancy and can determine whether the main EMS is overloaded and unable to handle new dynamic PCS scheduling requests. See the formula for details: ; Where, N Mcurr The number of PCS currently managed by the primary EMS (the total number of fixed PCS currently actually managed by the primary EMS and the total number of dynamically managed PCS by the primary EMS), N Mmax L represents the maximum number of power conversion systems. M The value range is 0 to 100%.

[0065] Step S212: When the computing load rate is lower than the acceptance threshold, calculate the link quality score of the communication link between the system and the adjustable subsystem.

[0066] It should be noted that the acceptance threshold can be the computing power load boundary used to determine whether the main energy management system can accept new scheduling requests; for example, it can be set to 80%, L. M When the load is ≤80%, the main EMS computing power can handle new requests; otherwise, it will be overloaded.

[0067] Understandably, when the computing load rate is below the capacity threshold, the communication latency of the communication link between the system and the adjustable subsystem is normalized to obtain the normalized latency: ; Furthermore, the normalized delay and the packet loss rate of the communication link are weighted and calculated to obtain the communication link quality. Setting the packet loss rate weight to 0.6 and the delay weight to 0.4, the following condition is met: ; The calculated link quality value is between 0 and 1.

[0068] It should be understood that communication delay can be the time spent on round-trip or one-way transmission of data on the communication link between the main energy management system and the adjustable subsystem; normalized delay can be a dimensionless value obtained by mapping the communication delay to a certain fixed interval; packet loss rate can be the proportion of the number of lost packets on the communication link to the total number of sent packets; weighted operation can be an operation that calculates the weighted result of normalized delay and packet loss rate according to their respective weights.

[0069] Step S213: If the link quality score exceeds the scheduling threshold, determine whether the request power corresponding to the scheduling control request is within the available power range of the adjustable subsystem.

[0070] It should be noted that the link quality score can be an indicator that quantifies the availability of the communication link between the main energy management system and the adjustable subsystem. The scheduling threshold can be the boundary of the link quality score for judging whether the communication link meets the scheduling requirements; specifically, it can be set to 0.8. If the link quality score is greater than or equal to 0.8, the link quality meets the scheduling requirements. The available power range can be the power range that the adjustable subsystem is allowed to handle under current operating conditions.

[0071] Understandably, the first step is to determine whether the dispatch request from the EMS is valid and whether the primary EMS can execute it. The specific determination method could be: ; The value is 1 when it is valid and 0 when it is invalid.

[0072] Furthermore, the above indicators can be weighted to output the current control scheduling PCS status of the master controller: ; Weight configuration: w1=0.6 (computing power), w2=0.2 (links), w3=0.2 (instructions), and satisfying: ; Score range: 0~100 points; Judgment threshold: If S ≥ 80, the verification passes (indicating that the main EMS is normal); if S < 80, the verification fails (indicating that the main EMS is abnormal).

[0073] This embodiment uses the judgment of computing power, link, and requested power. Only when all three pass will a verification result signal be generated. This makes the verification conclusion closer to the actual control capability of the main energy management system, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of master-slave determination in communication anomaly scenarios.

[0074] Since the energy management method adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0075] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element.

[0076] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy management architecture, characterized in that, The energy management architecture includes: a master energy management system, a slave energy management system, and multiple power conversion systems; The communication terminal of the main energy management system is connected to the communication terminal of the slave energy management system; The power conversion system includes at least one adjustable subsystem whose control is scheduled and allocated by the main energy management system or the slave energy management system. The adjustable subsystem is connected to both the control terminal of the main energy management system and the control terminal of the slave energy management system. When the slave energy management system receives a communication status abnormality from the master energy management system at the communication terminal, it generates a scheduling control request and sends the scheduling control request to the master energy management system through the adjustable subsystem. Upon receiving the scheduling control request, the main energy management system generates a verification result signal and sends the verification result signal to the slave energy management system through the adjustable subsystem. The energy management system takes over control of the adjustable subsystem if the verification result of the verification result signal fails.

2. The energy management architecture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slave energy management system operates as the master energy management system after taking over control of the adjustable subsystem. The primary energy management system operates as a secondary energy management system after the communication status recovers from an anomaly.

3. The energy management architecture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main energy management system also maintains control over the adjustable subsystem if the verification result of the verification result signal from the slave energy management system passes.

4. The energy management architecture as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The main energy management system and the slave energy management system respectively store mapping management relationships, which include: a set of fixed-control power conversion systems, a set of adjustable subsystems composed of the adjustable subsystems, and the maximum number of power conversion systems that each energy management system can handle under its computing power threshold. When the energy management system takes over control of the adjustable subsystem, it shall, according to the mapping management relationship, take over the adjustable subsystem within the range that the number of power conversion systems it currently manages does not exceed the maximum number of power conversion systems that the energy management system can handle.

5. The energy management architecture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management architecture also includes: PCC meters, protection meters, and metering meters; The input terminal of the meter is connected to each of the power conversion systems, the output terminal of the meter is connected to the input terminal of the protection meter, the output terminal of the protection meter is connected to the input terminal of the PCC meter, and the output terminal of the PCC meter is connected to the main energy management system and the slave energy management system respectively. The metering meter collects electrical energy data from the energy management architecture, the protection meter collects abnormal status data from the power conversion system, and the PCC meter collects energy dispatch data. After taking over control of the adjustable subsystem, the energy management system schedules the controlled adjustable subsystem based on the power data, the abnormal state data, and the energy scheduling data.

6. An energy management method, characterized in that, The method is applied to the energy management architecture as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the energy management method comprises: In the event of an abnormal communication status received from the main energy management system, a scheduling control request is generated; The scheduling control request is sent to the main energy management system through the adjustable subsystem; Receive the verification result signal returned by the main energy management system based on the scheduling control request; If the verification result of the verification result signal fails, control of the adjustable subsystem is taken over.

7. The energy management method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of taking over control of the adjustable subsystem when the verification result signal fails includes: If the verification result of the verification result signal fails, the mapping management relationship is obtained; The maximum number of power conversion systems that can be supported is determined based on the aforementioned mapping management relationship; Take control of the adjustable subsystem based on the number of maximum power conversion systems.

8. An energy management method, characterized in that, The method is applied to the energy management architecture as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the energy management method comprises: Receive scheduling control requests transmitted from the energy management system; Generate a verification result signal based on the scheduling control request; The verification result signal is sent to the slave energy management system through the adjustable subsystem to schedule control of the adjustable subsystem.

9. The energy management method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The step of generating a verification result signal according to the scheduling control request includes: The computing load rate is obtained by comparing the number of power conversion systems currently under actual control with the maximum number of power conversion systems. When the computing load rate is lower than the acceptance threshold, calculate the link quality score of the communication link with the adjustable subsystem; If the link quality score exceeds the scheduling threshold, determine whether the request power corresponding to the scheduling control request is within the available power range of the adjustable subsystem; If so, the verification result signal is generated.

10. The energy management method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, When the computing load rate is lower than the capacity threshold, the step of calculating the link quality score of the communication link with the adjustable subsystem includes: When the computing power load rate is lower than the acceptance threshold, the communication delay of the communication link between the system and the adjustable subsystem is normalized to obtain the normalized delay. The normalized delay and the packet loss rate of the communication link are weighted and calculated to obtain the quality of the communication link.

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