A disassembling tool for waste home appliance motor stator

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of old and useless household electrical appliances motor stator disassembling tool, it is related to motor stator disassembling technical field, including desktop, the clamping plate is slidably installed in the top of desktop, the rubber pad is fixedly installed in the one side of clamping plate, the side plate is hinged in the both ends of clamping plate, the elastic belt is fixedly installed in the inboard of side plate, the threaded sleeve is fixedly installed in the bottom of rubber pad, the suction cup is fixedly installed in the top of desktop, the pipeline is fixedly connected in the bottom of suction cup.In the position of motor is initially stabilized, through suction cup adsorption motor bottom, vacuum pump removes the air in the suction cup and motor base, through adsorption multiple motor to further fixed, the vertical direction of motor is fixed again, so that in stator disassembly can keep stable to the vertical position of motor, simultaneously, without great clamping force, the damage to motor shell is very small, subsequent recycling to motor shell is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor stator dismantling technology, and in particular to a dismantling tool for the stator of a waste household appliance motor. Background Technology

[0002] The stator, as the core stationary component in an electric motor that converts electromagnetic energy, typically consists of three parts: the stator core, the stator windings, and the frame. Its core function is to generate a rotating magnetic field through the energized windings, thereby driving the rotor to rotate continuously. In the course of technological evolution, the stator winding structure has gradually developed from the traditional radial mounting structure to the modern axial mounting structure. The latter, due to its higher slot fill factor and more compact end dimensions, has become the mainstream choice for drive motors in current new energy vehicles. It is worth noting that axial winding technology, driven by innovative forms such as flat-wire hairpin windings, has further improved the power density and heat dissipation efficiency of motors, enabling breakthroughs in high-speed and high-torque density in modern drive motors. This technological revolution, while increasing power density, also places higher demands on subsequent manufacturing, maintenance, and recycling processes.

[0003] When disassembling a motor stator in existing equipment, the motor housing is typically clamped and secured first to facilitate the separation of components such as windings, core, and frame. However, most traditional clamping mechanisms lack force control adjustment capabilities and often rely solely on applying a large clamping force to ensure stability during disassembly. Since motor housings are mostly made of aluminum alloy or thin-walled steel, excessive clamping force can easily cause localized indentations, deformation, or even cracks, resulting in irreversible structural damage. Furthermore, the appropriate clamping force required for disassembly varies significantly depending on the model and wall thickness of the motor housing, while existing equipment mostly employs a uniform clamping strategy lacking adaptive adjustment capabilities. This further exacerbates the risk of the housing being over-clamped.

[0004] This damage not only reduces the residual strength and sealing performance of the casing but also decreases its economic viability in recycling or remanufacturing. Current dismantling devices lack the precise control over clamping forces, forcing the scrapping of numerous reusable motor casings, which clearly contradicts the development trends of green manufacturing and resource recycling. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the clamping structure in existing motor stator dismantling devices. By optimizing force distribution and introducing flexible clamping or pressure feedback mechanisms, the mechanical damage to the casing can be effectively reduced while ensuring dismantling stability, thereby improving the recyclability of core components in waste motors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dismantling fixture for the stator of a waste household appliance motor. It aims to improve the secondary recycling rate of the motor housing by using a two-stage fixing method that combines four-sided low-stress clamping with vacuum adsorption to ensure the stability of the dismantling process while avoiding indentation or deformation damage to the motor housing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A dismantling fixture for the stator of a discarded household appliance motor includes a desktop, a clamping plate slidably mounted on the top of the desktop, a rubber pad fixedly mounted on one side of the clamping plate, side plates hinged to both ends of the clamping plate, an elastic band fixedly mounted on the inner side of the side plates, a threaded sleeve fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rubber pad, a suction cup fixedly mounted on the top of the desktop, a pipe fixedly connected to the bottom of the suction cup, a vacuum pump fixedly connected to the bottom of the pipe, a fixed bracket fixedly mounted on the bottom of the desktop, bidirectional threaded rods rotatably mounted on both sides of the fixed bracket, a motor fixedly mounted on the bottom of the desktop, a worm gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor, and a worm wheel meshing with the outer wall of the worm gear; wherein, the motor drives the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate through the worm gear and worm wheel, causing the side clamping plates and rubber pad to move synchronously towards each other, forming a four-sided clamping with the side plates and elastic band; the vacuum pump uses the pipe to allow the suction cup to adhere to the motor base, achieving vertical fixation. This invention utilizes a motor-driven worm gear and worm wheel to rotate a bidirectional threaded rod, causing the side clamps and rubber pads to move synchronously in opposite directions. Simultaneously, the side plates and elastic bands apply elastic clamping to the other two sides of the motor, thus forming a balanced and low-stress initial fixation on all four sides of the motor. Based on this, a vacuum pump uses a pipe to allow suction cups to adsorb the motor base, achieving further vertical locking. This solution organically combines mechanical clamping with vacuum adsorption, ensuring overall stability during disassembly without applying excessive clamping force to the motor casing, effectively preventing indentations or deformation of the casing, and creating favorable conditions for subsequent secondary recycling of the casing.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, a through slot is provided inside the desktop, and the desktop is slidably installed with the threaded sleeve through the through slot. The through slot extends axially along the bidirectional threaded rod, restricting the rotational freedom of the threaded sleeve so that it can only move back and forth in a straight line under the drive of the bidirectional threaded rod, thereby causing the clamping plate and the rubber pad to move synchronously closer to or further away from the motor housing. This embodiment, by providing a through slot inside the desktop and allowing the threaded sleeve to slide against it, while limiting the through slot to extend axially along the bidirectional threaded rod, effectively restricts the rotational freedom of the threaded sleeve, allowing it to move only in a precise straight line under the drive of the bidirectional threaded rod. This structure ensures the alignment and synchronization of the left and right clamping plates and the rubber pad during the clamping process, avoiding uneven force on the motor housing due to misalignment, thereby further improving the stability of the clamping and the protection of the housing.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the rubber pad has an elongated groove inside, through which it is slidably installed with the elastic band. The elastic band can slide within the groove to provide uniform rebound force when the side plate is opened or closed by external force, allowing the side plate to adaptively conform to the side of motor housings of different shapes and sizes. The elongated groove inside the rubber pad and its sliding engagement with the elastic band allow the elastic band to slide freely within the groove. When the side plate opens at different angles due to contact with motor housings of different shapes and sizes, the elastic band can automatically adjust its position within the groove and provide uniform rebound force, thus allowing the side plate to adaptively conform to the side of the motor housing. This design improves the compatibility of the tooling with different models and shapes of motor housings and reduces the complexity of clamping and adjustment.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the fixing bracket has a circular hole inside, through which the pipe is fixedly installed in a through-hole configuration. The fixing bracket provides rotational support for the bidirectional threaded rod and simultaneously limits the pipe's position through the circular hole, preventing it from shaking or bending during vacuum pump operation. While providing rotational support for the bidirectional threaded rod, the fixing bracket's internal circular hole also provides through-hole fixation and limitation for the pipe, preventing it from shaking, bending, or falling off due to vibration during vacuum pump start-up, shutdown, or operation. This integrated structural design simplifies the space layout under the desktop and improves the reliability of the vacuum adsorption system, ensuring that the suction cup can maintain effective negative pressure stably for a long period.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a first mounting plate is rotatably mounted on one end of the bidirectional threaded rod, and the top of the first mounting plate is fixedly mounted to the desktop. The two sections of the bidirectional threaded rod have opposite threads, which respectively engage with the threaded sleeves on both sides, allowing the two clamping plates to move synchronously towards each other or away from each other when the bidirectional threaded rod rotates. One end of the bidirectional threaded rod is fixedly mounted to the desktop via the first mounting plate, and its two sections of threads have opposite threads, which respectively engage with the threaded sleeves on both sides. When the bidirectional threaded rod rotates, the two clamping plates can achieve precise synchronous movement towards each other or away from each other, ensuring the consistency between the clamping center and the motor shaft. This structure makes the clamping action symmetrical and the force evenly distributed, avoiding localized damage to the outer shell caused by excessive clamping force on one side.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, second mounting plates are rotatably mounted at both ends of the worm gear, and the tops of both second mounting plates are fixedly installed to the tabletop. The worm gear and the worm wheel form a self-locking transmission pair. When the motor stops rotating, the worm wheel cannot drive the worm gear in the reverse direction, thereby keeping the clamping plate locked in the clamping state. The clamping force can be maintained without continuous power supply. The worm gear and worm wheel form a self-locking transmission pair. After the motor stops rotating, the worm wheel cannot drive the worm gear in the reverse direction, thereby automatically keeping the clamping plate locked in the clamping state. The clamping force can be maintained without continuous power supply to the motor. This feature not only reduces the energy consumption of the tooling, but more importantly, avoids the safety risk of sudden release of the clamp due to accidental power failure or motor failure, thereby improving the reliability and safety of disassembly operations.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the vacuum pump is fixedly installed to the tabletop, and one side of the worm gear is fixedly installed to the bidirectional threaded rod. The start and stop of the vacuum pump and the start and stop of the motor are independent of each other, allowing for four-sided clamping before vertical adsorption, or maintaining the clamping state after adsorption is released to achieve controlled release of the motor housing. In this embodiment, the independent start and stop of the vacuum pump and the motor allows the operator to flexibly control the order of clamping and adsorption according to actual disassembly needs. For example, four-sided clamping can be completed before vertical adsorption is initiated, or the clamping state can be maintained after adsorption is released to facilitate removal or adjustment of the motor housing. This independent control method improves the adaptability of the tooling to different disassembly processes and also facilitates timely intervention in case of abnormal clamping force, further reducing the risk of housing damage.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a control unit is further included, which is electrically connected to both the motor and the vacuum pump. The control unit is configured to: first activate the motor to drive the clamping plate and side plate to complete four-sided clamping; after the clamping is stable, automatically activate the vacuum pump for adsorption and fixation; after disassembly, first deactivate the vacuum pump to release adsorption, and then control the motor to reverse to release the clamping. This invention, by setting a control unit and configuring the timing of the motor and vacuum pump, achieves automated sequential control of clamping and adsorption: first complete four-sided clamping, and then automatically activate adsorption after stabilization; after disassembly, first release adsorption and then release the clamping. This control logic avoids unstable fixation or improper stress on the shell caused by adsorption too early or clamping too late, improving the standardization and efficiency of operation, while also reducing reliance on operator experience.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the inner surface of the side plate is provided with anti-slip texture, and the elastic band is an elastic rubber band or a spring band. When the side plate is pulled by the elastic band to fit against the other two sides of the motor housing, the anti-slip texture increases the coefficient of friction, preventing the motor from rotating circumferentially during stator disassembly. Simultaneously, the clamping force provided by the elastic band is less than the clamping force provided by the clamping plate and the rubber pad, thus avoiding localized overpressure on the motor housing. In this invention, the anti-slip texture on the inner side of the side plate effectively increases the coefficient of friction with the motor housing, preventing circumferential rotation of the motor during stator disassembly. At the same time, the clamping force provided by the elastic band is designed to be less than the clamping force provided by the clamping plate and the rubber pad, forming a graded force structure: the two sides are elastic light-force clamping, and the other two sides are driving medium-force clamping. This differentiated clamping force distribution, while ensuring overall stability, avoids the risk of overpressure on the housing caused by applying strong clamping force on all four sides, and is particularly suitable for thin-walled or aluminum alloy motor housings.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention first places the base of the motor to be disassembled stably on top of the suction cup. The motor drives the worm gear and worm wheel to rotate, and the worm wheel drives the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate, thereby bringing the threaded sleeves on both sides closer together and causing the rubber pads to clamp the motor from two opposite directions. At the same time, the other two directions are clamped by the side plates and elastic bands. The rebound force of the elastic bands provides a continuous clamping effect for the side plates, thereby forming a balanced constraint force in four directions of the motor. This four-sided clamping mechanism can achieve preliminary reliable stabilization of the motor position without applying clamping force to the motor housing, avoiding the problem of damage to the housing due to excessive force in traditional clamping methods.

[0016] 2. After the initial stabilization of the motor position, this solution further utilizes suction cups to adsorb and fix the bottom of the motor. By starting a vacuum pump, the air between the contact surface between the suction cup and the motor base is removed, forming a negative pressure adsorption, thereby applying additional fixing force to the motor in the vertical direction. This adsorption fixing method works in conjunction with the four-sided clamping mechanism, so that the motor can maintain a high degree of stability in both the horizontal and vertical directions during the subsequent stator disassembly process. At the same time, the entire fixing process does not rely on excessive mechanical clamping force, and the mechanical damage to the motor shell is minimal.

[0017] 3. This design uses a two-stage fixing strategy to reduce the clamping pressure on the motor housing while ensuring the stability of the disassembly operation. This allows the disassembled housing to maintain good structural integrity, which is of great significance for the secondary recycling of the motor: the housing is free of indentations and deformation and can be directly entered into the remanufacturing or material recycling process, thereby improving the overall recyclability and economic value of waste motors. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly tooling for the stator of a used household appliance motor according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a bottom perspective view of the disassembly tooling for the stator of a waste household appliance motor according to the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping plate and its supporting structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a circuit structure block diagram of the control unit in this invention.

[0019] In the attached diagram: 1. Desktop; 2. Clamping plate; 3. Rubber pad; 4. Side plate; 5. Elastic band; 6. Threaded sleeve; 7. Suction cup; 8. Pipe; 9. Vacuum pump; 10. Fixed bracket; 11. Two-way threaded rod; 12. Motor; 13. Worm gear; 14. Worm wheel; 15. First mounting plate; 16. Second mounting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a dismantling fixture for the stator of a waste household appliance motor according to the present invention includes a desktop 1, a clamping plate 2 slidably mounted on the top of the desktop 1, a rubber pad 3 fixedly mounted on one side of the clamping plate 2, side plates 4 hinged to both ends of the clamping plate 2, an elastic band 5 fixedly mounted on the inner side of the side plates 4, a threaded sleeve 6 fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rubber pad 3, a suction cup 7 fixedly mounted on the top of the desktop 1, a pipe 8 fixedly connected to the bottom of the suction cup 7, a vacuum pump 9 fixedly connected to the bottom of the pipe 8, and a fixed bracket 1 fixedly mounted on the bottom of the desktop 1. 0. The fixed bracket 10 has bidirectional threaded rods 11 rotatably mounted on both sides. The bottom of the desktop 1 is fixedly mounted with a motor 12. The output shaft of the motor 12 is fixedly mounted with a worm gear 13. A worm wheel 14 is meshed on the outer wall of the worm gear 13. The motor 12 drives the bidirectional threaded rods 11 to rotate through the worm gear 13 and the worm wheel 14, so that the two side clamping plates 2 and the rubber pads 3 move synchronously towards each other, forming a four-sided clamping together with the side plate 4 and the elastic band 5. The vacuum pump 9 uses the pipe 8 to allow the suction cup 7 to adhere to the motor base, achieving vertical fixation.

[0022] Regarding the coordinated relationship between power transmission and clamping action, after the motor 12 starts, its output shaft drives the worm gear 13 to rotate. The worm gear 13 transmits power to the worm wheel 14, which meshes with it. The worm wheel 14 drives the bidirectional threaded rod 11, which is fixedly connected to it, to rotate together. The rotation of the bidirectional threaded rod 11 drives the threaded sleeves 6 on both sides to move synchronously along its axial direction. Since the top of the threaded sleeve 6 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 2 and the rubber pad 3, the two rubber pads 3 move towards each other in the horizontal direction, applying clamping force from the left and right sides of the motor. At the same time, the side plates 4, which are hinged to both ends of the clamping plate 2, automatically retract inward under the tension of the elastic band 5, applying elastic clamping force from the other two sides of the motor. Thus, the left and right sides are rigidly driven active clamping, and the front and rear sides are elastically pulled passive clamping. The four clamping forces work together in four directions of the motor housing, forming a four-sided balanced constraint. This coordinated mechanism allows the motor to be stably fixed without having to withstand a large single-point clamping force, thereby reducing the risk of the housing being indented or deformed.

[0023] Regarding the guiding and limiting mechanism of the threaded sleeve 6, the through groove inside the desktop 1 extends axially along the bidirectional threaded rod 11. The threaded sleeve 6 passes through this through groove and forms a sliding fit with the desktop 1. When the bidirectional threaded rod 11 rotates, the threaded sleeve 6 tends to rotate with it. However, because the sidewall of the through groove physically obstructs the circumferential movement of the threaded sleeve 6, the threaded sleeve 6 cannot rotate and can only make linear reciprocating movements along the extension direction of the through groove. This guiding structure ensures that the threaded sleeve 6 maintains a straight trajectory when it drives the clamping plate 2 to move, thereby ensuring that the contact surfaces of the left and right rubber pads 3 and the motor housing are always parallel and aligned. Without this guiding structure, the threaded sleeve 6 may deflect under the drive of the bidirectional threaded rod 11, causing the rubber pads 3 to contact the motor housing at an inclined angle, resulting in local pressure concentration and damage to the surface of the housing.

[0024] Regarding the adaptive bonding mechanism between the elastic band 5 and the side plate 4, the elongated groove inside the rubber pad 3 provides a sliding channel for the elastic band 5. Both ends of the elastic band 5 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two side plates 4, with its middle section passing through the elongated groove of the rubber pad 3. When the motor housing is large, the side plate 4, during the closing process driven by the clamping plate 2, is forced to open outwards due to obstruction from the sides of the housing. At this time, the elastic band 5 slides within the elongated groove and undergoes tensile deformation, storing elastic potential energy. When the motor housing is small, the side plate 4 retracts inwards under the recoil force of the elastic band 5 until it adheres to the sides of the housing. Regardless of the width or shape of the motor housing, the elastic band 5 can automatically adjust its position within the elongated groove and its own degree of tension, ensuring that the side plate 4 always adheres to the front and rear sides of the housing with appropriate pressure. This adaptive bonding mechanism allows the same tooling to be compatible with various specifications of discarded household appliance motors without the need for manual adjustment of the initial position of the side plate 4, thereby improving the versatility and convenience of disassembly operations.

[0025] Regarding the multi-functional integrated design of the fixed bracket 10, the fixed bracket 10 is installed at the bottom of the desktop 1, with bidirectional threaded rods 11 rotatably mounted on both sides, providing radial support and axial positioning for the bidirectional threaded rods 11. Furthermore, a circular hole inside the fixed bracket 10 is used to pass through and install the pipe 8. Since the pipe 8 connects the suction cup 7 and the vacuum pump 9, pressure fluctuations and airflow impacts occur inside the pipe 8 during the start-up and shutdown of the vacuum pump 9 and during continuous operation, which can easily cause the pipe 8 to shake or bend. By passing the pipe 8 through the circular hole of the fixed bracket 10, the inner wall of the circular hole forms a radial limit on the pipe 8, while the edges at both ends of the circular hole constrain the bending tendency of the pipe 8, thereby effectively suppressing the vibration of the pipe 8 during operation. This design achieves reliable limiting of the pipe 8 using the existing structure of the fixed bracket 10 without adding any additional fasteners, reflecting a compact and integrated design concept.

[0026] Regarding the thread direction and motion synchronization of the bidirectional threaded rod 11, one end of the bidirectional threaded rod 11 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the tabletop 1 via a first mounting plate 15, which provides end support for the bidirectional threaded rod 11. The bidirectional threaded rod 11 has two threaded sections, one left-handed and the other right-handed, which mate with the threaded sleeves 6 on the left and right sides respectively. When the bidirectional threaded rod 11 rotates around its axis, because the two threaded sections have opposite directions of rotation, the two threaded sleeves 6 will inevitably move in opposite axial directions under the action of the thread driving force, i.e., simultaneously moving towards each other or simultaneously moving away from each other. This reverse rotation design ensures that the movement speed and movement distance of the left and right clamping plates 2 are exactly the same, thus achieving absolutely synchronized clamping action. In contrast, if a single-section threaded engagement with a fixed side limit is used, the synchronization accuracy of the movement on both sides cannot be guaranteed, which can easily cause the motor housing to be pushed to one side during clamping, resulting in uneven load and damage to the housing.

[0027] Regarding the self-locking characteristics and engineering significance of the worm 13 and worm wheel 14, the two ends of the worm 13 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the desktop 1 via the second mounting plate 16. The worm wheel 14 is fixedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod 11, and the central axis of the worm wheel 14 is perpendicularly intersecting the central axis of the worm 13 in space. When the motor 12 drives the worm 13 to rotate, the worm 13 drives the worm wheel 14 to rotate; however, when an external force attempts to drive the worm wheel 14 in the opposite direction, due to the large friction angle between the tooth surface of the worm wheel 14 and the tooth surface of the worm 13, and the helix angle of the worm 13 being smaller than this friction angle, the worm wheel 14 cannot drive the worm 13 to rotate in the opposite direction. This self-locking characteristic means that after the motor 12 stops rotating, the position of the clamping plate 2 will be automatically locked, and the clamping force can be maintained without continuously supplying power to the motor 12. This has important practical significance for the dismantling fixture of the stator of the waste household appliance motor: on the one hand, it reduces the energy consumption and motor heat caused by long-term continuous power supply; on the other hand, it avoids the safety hazards of the clamping force disappearing instantly due to accidental power failure and the motor loosening and falling off during dismantling.

[0028] Regarding the independent start / stop logic and operational flexibility of the vacuum pump 9 and motor 12, the bottom of the vacuum pump 9 is fixedly installed to the tabletop 1 to ensure its stability during operation; one side of the worm gear 14 is fixedly installed to the bidirectional threaded rod 11 to achieve power transmission. The start / stop control circuits of the vacuum pump 9 and motor 12 are independent of each other, allowing the operator to flexibly select the sequence of actions according to the actual situation of the motor housing. For motors with a large weight or a high center of gravity, motor 12 can be started first to complete four-sided clamping, so that the housing is initially stabilized in the horizontal direction, and then vacuum pump 9 can be started for vertical adsorption; for motors with a relatively flat bottom and good sealing, vacuum pump 9 can also be started first for adsorption positioning, and then motor 12 can be started for clamping. In addition, when the motor housing needs to be removed after disassembly, the vacuum pump 9 can be turned off to release the adsorption, but the motor 12 is kept in a stopped state. At this time, the clamping plate 2 and the side plate 4 still maintain the clamping, making it easy for the operator to steadily remove the housing with both hands. After the housing is completely removed, the motor 12 is started to reverse to release the clamping. This flexibility of independent control allows the tooling to adapt to different operating habits and different disassembly conditions.

[0029] Regarding the timing configuration and standardized operation of the control unit, the control unit is electrically connected to the motor 12 and the vacuum pump 9 respectively. It has a preset standard operating sequence, which is as follows: First, the motor 12 is automatically started. The motor 12 drives the worm gear 13, worm wheel 14, double-threaded rod 11, threaded sleeve 6, clamping plate 2, and rubber pad 3 to actively clamp the left and right sides of the motor housing. Simultaneously, the side plate 4, under the action of the elastic band 5, passively clamps the front and rear sides. After the motor 12 continues to run for a preset time to ensure that the four-sided clamping reaches a stable state... The control unit automatically starts the vacuum pump 9, which extracts air between the suction cup 7 and the motor base through the pipe 8, creating negative pressure adsorption to fix the motor vertically for a second time. After the stator disassembly is completed, the control unit first automatically shuts off the vacuum pump 9, and the internal pressure of the suction cup 7 returns to atmospheric pressure, releasing the adsorption on the motor base. After a preset delay, the control unit controls the motor 12 to reverse, driving the clamping plate 2 and rubber pad 3 to move in opposite directions. At the same time, the side plate 4 remains open under the action of the elastic band 5 or returns to its original position with the clamping plate 2, thereby completely releasing the motor housing. This automatic timing control eliminates possible erroneous actions during manual operation, ensures the rationality of the clamping and adsorption sequence, and improves the consistency and efficiency of batch disassembly operations.

[0030] Regarding the comprehensive protection mechanism of the anti-slip texture on the inner side of side plate 4 and the graded clamping force distribution, the inner surface of side plate 4 is processed with anti-slip texture, which can significantly increase the coefficient of friction between side plate 4 and motor housing when they come into contact. During the disassembly of the motor stator, operators typically need to apply a certain torque or tension to separate components such as windings, core, and frame. These external forces can easily cause the motor housing to rotate circumferentially. The presence of the anti-slip texture allows side plate 4 to effectively resist circumferential rotational torque even under the relatively small clamping force provided by elastic band 5, preventing accidental rotation of the motor during disassembly. At the same time, the clamping force provided by elastic band 5 is designed to be significantly less than the driving clamping force provided by clamping plate 2 and rubber pad 3. This graded force-bearing structure has a clear engineering purpose: the left and right side clamps 2 and rubber pads 3 bear the main functions of horizontal positioning and resisting lateral forces, and their clamping force is sufficient to overcome the horizontal reaction force generated during disassembly; the front and rear side plates 4 and elastic bands 5 only provide auxiliary elastic light force clamping, and their main function is to prevent the motor from rotating around the vertical axis, rather than resisting large horizontal loads. Through this differentiated force distribution, the overall stability required for disassembly is ensured, while avoiding the cumulative damage caused by excessive pressure on the shell due to clamping with large force in all four directions. It is especially suitable for the shells of waste household appliance motors with thin walls and low strength, which ensures the structural integrity of the shell to facilitate secondary recycling.

[0031] In this invention, the control unit adopts an existing mature programmable logic controller or microcontroller, such as Siemens S7-200 series, Mitsubishi FX series, or STM32F103 series industrial-grade control chips. The control unit is electrically connected to the motor and vacuum pump through relays or drive modules. The output of the control unit is connected to the forward and reverse control circuit of the motor and the start and stop circuit of the vacuum pump. The input of the control unit can be connected to a start button, an emergency stop button, and a position sensor to receive operation commands and status feedback. The control unit is configured to automatically execute the following functions according to a preset timing sequence: first, output a forward rotation signal of the motor to drive the clamping plate and side plate to complete four-sided clamping and maintain it for a set time. After the clamping is stable, output a vacuum pump start signal to perform adsorption and fixation. After disassembly, first output a vacuum pump stop signal to release adsorption, and then output a motor reverse signal to release clamping. The above-mentioned control unit and its implemented timing sequence control function are all conventional automatic control methods in the field. Its hardware selection, electrical connection method and programming logic have been widely used in various automated clamps and adsorption fixing devices. They belong to existing mature technologies before the application date. The internal circuit and software code will not be described in detail here.

[0032] The working principle of the dismantling fixture for waste household appliance motor stators of the present invention is as follows: In use, the operator first places the base of the motor to be disassembled stably on the suction cup 7 at the top of the table 1, so that the bottom of the motor housing forms a sealed contact surface with the suction cup 7. Then, the equipment is started, and the control unit outputs a forward rotation signal of the motor according to the preset timing. The motor 12 starts to rotate, and its output shaft drives the worm gear 13, which is fixedly installed with it, to rotate. The worm gear 13 transmits power to the worm wheel 14 that meshes with it. Since the worm wheel 14 is fixedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod 11, the bidirectional threaded rod 11 rotates together with the worm wheel 14. The bidirectional threaded rod 11 has two sections of threads with opposite directions of rotation, which respectively cooperate with the threaded sleeves 6 on both sides. When the bidirectional threaded rod 11 rotates, the two threaded sleeves 6 move precisely in a straight line towards each other along the axial direction of the bidirectional threaded rod 11 under the guidance of the through groove. The threaded sleeves 6 drive the clamping plate 2 and the rubber pad 3, which are fixedly connected with it, to move synchronously towards the motor housing, applying active clamping force from the left and right sides of the motor.

[0033] Meanwhile, as the clamping plate 2 approaches the motor housing, the side plates 4 hinged to both ends of the clamping plate 2 automatically retract inward under the tension of the elastic band 5. The elongated groove inside the rubber pad 3 provides a sliding channel for the elastic band 5, allowing it to automatically adjust its position within the groove according to the actual dimensions of the motor housing. Simultaneously, the rebound force generated by the elastic band 5 ensures that the side plates 4 remain in close contact with the front and rear sides of the motor housing with appropriate pressure. Thus, the left and right sides provide rigid, active clamping, while the front and rear sides provide elastic, passive clamping. These four clamping forces act together in four directions on the motor housing, forming a balanced constraint on four sides. Because this fixture stabilizes the motor position by distributing clamping forces on four sides, the clamping force required on each side is less than that of traditional two-sided, high-pressure clamping methods. This effectively avoids indentation or deformation damage to the motor housing while initially stabilizing the motor position. Furthermore, the self-locking transmission pair formed by the worm gear 13 and worm wheel 14 automatically locks the position of the clamping plate 2 after the motor 12 stops rotating, maintaining a stable clamping force without continuous power supply.

[0034] After completing the four-sided clamping and undergoing a brief stabilization delay, the control unit automatically outputs a vacuum pump start signal, and the vacuum pump 9 begins operation. The vacuum pump 9 extracts air between the suction cup 7 and the motor base contact surface through the pipe 8, creating a negative pressure inside the suction cup 7, thereby firmly adhering the bottom of the motor to the tabletop 1. This vacuum adsorption operation provides secondary vertical fixation for the motor, ensuring high stability in both the horizontal and vertical directions during subsequent stator disassembly. In conjunction with the four-sided clamping mechanism, vacuum adsorption also eliminates the need for excessive mechanical clamping force; sufficient vertical constraint is provided by the negative pressure, further reducing the risk of mechanical damage to the motor housing. The pipe 8 is radially limited when passing through the circular hole inside the fixing bracket 10, preventing pipe shaking or bending caused by airflow impact or vibration during vacuum pump 9 operation, thus ensuring the long-term reliability of the vacuum system.

[0035] After the motor housing is secured by four-sided clamping and vacuum adsorption, the operator can disassemble the motor stator, such as separating the windings, core, and frame. During disassembly, the anti-slip texture on the inner surface of the side plate 4 increases the coefficient of friction with the motor housing. Combined with the elastic clamping force provided by the elastic band 5, it effectively resists the circumferential torque that may be generated during disassembly, preventing the motor from rotating unexpectedly. At the same time, since the clamping force provided by the elastic band 5 is designed to be less than the driving clamping force provided by the clamping plate 2 and the rubber pad 3, a graded force structure is formed, which avoids the cumulative damage caused by excessive pressure on the housing caused by using strong clamping on all four sides while ensuring overall stability.

[0036] After disassembly, the control unit automatically shuts off the vacuum pump 9, restoring the internal pressure of the suction cup 7 to atmospheric pressure, thus releasing the suction from the motor base. After a short delay, the control unit outputs a motor reversal signal, causing the motor 12 to rotate in the opposite direction. This rotation, via the worm gear 13 and worm wheel 14, drives the bidirectional threaded rod 11 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the threaded sleeve 6 to move the clamping plate 2 and rubber pad 3 in opposite directions. Simultaneously, the side plate 4 remains open under the pull of the elastic band 5 or returns to its original position with the clamping plate 2, thereby completely releasing the motor housing. The operator can then remove the disassembled motor housing from the table 1. Because the housing was not subjected to excessive mechanical pressure during the entire clamping and suction process, its surface is free of indentations and deformation, exhibiting good structural integrity. It can be directly entered into the remanufacturing or material recycling process, achieving high-quality secondary recycling of the waste motor housing.

[0037] In summary, the dismantling fixture for waste household appliance motor stators provided by this invention constructs a two-stage fixing system combining four-sided low-stress clamping and vacuum vertical adsorption through the organic combination and coordinated operation of components such as a desktop, clamping plate, rubber pad, side plate, elastic band, threaded sleeve, suction cup, pipe, vacuum pump, fixing bracket, bidirectional threaded rod, motor, worm gear, worm wheel, and control unit. Specifically, the left and right sides are synchronously and actively clamped by the motor driving the bidirectional threaded rod and threaded sleeve via the worm gear and worm wheel, while the front and rear sides are adaptively elastically clamped by the elastic band and side plate. Together, these form a balanced four-sided constraint, reducing single-point clamping force. The self-locking characteristic of the worm gear and worm wheel ensures stable clamping without continuous power supply. The vacuum pump and suction cup provide auxiliary vertical fixation for the motor, further improving the overall stability during dismantling. The control unit uses existing mature timing control technology to automatically complete the sequential operations of clamping followed by adsorption and de-adsorption followed by releasing the clamp, improving the standardization and ease of operation. The entire tooling, while ensuring stable and reliable disassembly operations, minimizes the risk of indentation, deformation, or localized overpressure damage to the motor housing, thus maintaining the structural integrity of the disassembled housing and enhancing the secondary recycling value of the waste motor housing, which aligns with the technological development needs of green manufacturing and resource recycling.

[0038] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Substitutions may include replacements of some structures, devices, or method steps, or may be complete technical solutions. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tooling for dismantling the stator of a waste household appliance motor, comprising a desktop (1), characterized in that, A clamp plate (2) is slidably installed on the top of the desktop (1). A rubber pad (3) is fixedly installed on one side of the clamp plate (2). Side plates (4) are hinged to both ends of the clamp plate (2). An elastic band (5) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the side plates (4). A threaded sleeve (6) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rubber pad (3). A suction cup (7) is fixedly installed on the top of the desktop (1). A pipe (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the suction cup (7). A vacuum pump (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pipe (8). A fixed bracket (10) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the desktop (1). The fixed bracket (10) rotates on both sides. A bidirectional threaded rod (11) is mounted on the tabletop (1), and a motor (12) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the tabletop (1). A worm gear (13) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor (12), and a worm wheel (14) is meshed on the outer wall of the worm gear (13). The motor (12) drives the bidirectional threaded rod (11) to rotate through the worm gear (13) and the worm wheel (14), so that the two side clamps (2) and the rubber pad (3) move synchronously towards each other, forming a four-sided clamp together with the side plate (4) and the elastic band (5). The vacuum pump (9) uses the pipe (8) to make the suction cup (7) adsorb the motor base, thereby achieving vertical fixation.

2. The tooling for dismantling the stator of a waste household appliance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The desktop (1) has a through groove inside, and the desktop (1) is slidably installed with the threaded sleeve (6) through the through groove. The through groove extends along the axial direction of the bidirectional threaded rod (11) to restrict the rotational freedom of the threaded sleeve (6), so that it can only move back and forth in a straight line under the drive of the bidirectional threaded rod (11), thereby driving the clamp (2) and the rubber pad (3) to move synchronously closer to or away from the motor housing.

3. The tooling for dismantling the stator of a waste household appliance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rubber pad (3) has an elongated groove inside, and the rubber pad (3) is slidably installed with the elastic band (5) through the elongated groove. The elastic band (5) can slide in the elongated groove to provide uniform rebound force when the side plate (4) is opened or reset by external force, so that the side plate (4) can adaptively fit the side of the motor housing of different shapes and sizes.

4. The tooling for dismantling the stator of a waste household appliance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed bracket (10) has a circular hole inside, and the pipe (8) is fixedly installed through the circular hole to the fixed bracket (10); the fixed bracket (10) provides rotational support for the bidirectional threaded rod (11), and at the same time limits the pipe (8) through the circular hole to prevent the pipe (8) from shaking or bending during the operation of the vacuum pump (9).

5. The dismantling fixture for the stator of a waste household appliance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first mounting plate (15) is rotatably mounted on one end of the bidirectional threaded rod (11), and the top of the first mounting plate (15) is fixedly mounted to the tabletop (1). The two sections of the bidirectional threaded rod (11) have opposite threads and cooperate with the threaded sleeves (6) on both sides respectively, so that the two clamping plates (2) can move synchronously towards each other or backwards when the bidirectional threaded rod (11) rotates.

6. The tooling for dismantling the stator of a waste household appliance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The worm (13) is rotatably mounted with a second mounting plate (16) at both ends. The tops of the two second mounting plates (16) are fixedly mounted to the tabletop (1). The worm (13) and the worm wheel (14) form a self-locking transmission pair. When the motor (12) stops rotating, the worm wheel (14) cannot drive the worm (13) in the reverse direction, thereby keeping the clamping plate (2) locked in the clamping state. The clamping force can be maintained without continuous power supply.

7. The dismantling fixture for the stator of a waste household appliance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the vacuum pump (9) is fixedly installed on the tabletop (1), and one side of the worm gear (14) is fixedly installed on the bidirectional threaded rod (11). The start and stop of the vacuum pump (9) are independent of the start and stop of the motor (12), so as to allow the four-sided clamping to be completed before starting the vertical adsorption, or to maintain the clamping state after the adsorption is released so as to achieve the controlled release of the motor housing.

8. The dismantling fixture for the stator of a waste household appliance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the motor (12) and the vacuum pump (9) respectively. The control unit is configured to: first start the motor (12) to drive the clamping plate (2) and the side plate (4) to complete the four-sided clamping, and after the clamping is stable, automatically start the vacuum pump (9) to perform adsorption and fixation; after disassembly, first turn off the vacuum pump (9) to release the adsorption, and then control the motor (12) to reverse to release the clamping.

9. The dismantling fixture for the stator of a waste household appliance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface of the side plate (4) is provided with anti-slip texture, and the elastic band (5) is an elastic rubber band or a spring band. When the side plate (4) is pulled by the elastic band (5) and adheres to the other two sides of the motor housing, the anti-slip texture is used to increase the friction coefficient and prevent the motor from rotating circumferentially during stator disassembly. At the same time, the clamping force provided by the elastic band (5) is less than the clamping force provided by the clamping plate (2) and the rubber pad (3) to avoid causing local overpressure on the motor housing.

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