Digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle communication equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of digital power supply unit of shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle communication equipment.The device includes: airborne power input, DC EMI filter module, DC / DC isolation voltage stabilizing module, at least two-way output power distribution circuit, temperature sensor, communication control module and central processing unit.Each output power distribution circuit is configured with output split / gate drive circuit, output current and voltage detection circuit, output short-circuit protection circuit and output power-on / power-off timing control module.Outlet split / gate drive circuit uses single-chip microcomputer GPIO signal to control RC charging circuit through N-MOS tube, realizes the slow start charging of P-MOS tube gate, and makes drain-source impedance slowly drop from infinity to on state;Output short-circuit protection circuit integrates input fuse, high-power TVS tube, N-MOS starting current limiting circuit with slow start function and NPN triode overcurrent detection shutdown circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of switching power supplies, power distribution, communication, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, and in particular to a digital power supply device for shipborne UAV communication equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Shipborne drones have advantages such as non-contact operation, zero casualties, good stealth, low cost and flexible operation, and can undertake high-risk and high-threat missions, such as maritime search and rescue, military reconnaissance and marine environmental monitoring.

[0003] Communication payloads are crucial for unmanned platforms, serving as their "lifeline." Communication provides effective and reliable information support for the command and control and intelligence transmission of unmanned platforms, thereby enabling shipborne UAVs to achieve their combat missions.

[0004] The communication methods of shipborne UAVs can be divided into two types: line-of-sight (LAS) and beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS). LAS primarily uses VHF / UHF communication, while BLOS primarily uses satellite communication.

[0005] Satellite communication has the advantages of stable transmission channels and good communication effects, making it the most effective solution for beyond-line-of-sight telemetry, control, and information transmission of shipborne UAVs.

[0006] In line-of-sight communication, there is no need to occupy valuable satellite resources. Line-of-sight communication methods such as VHF radio, microwave data link and laser communication can be used. It has the function of data networking and communication between multiple nodes, and is used for ship landing guidance communication.

[0007] Within the coverage area of ​​the BeiDou-3 satellite beam, it has the function of short message communication within the BeiDou-3 satellite coverage area and globally. It has the passive positioning function of BeiDou-3 RNSS B3 frequency point and the BeiDou satellite timing function.

[0008] Conventional shipborne UAV communication equipment is powered by an onboard power supply. After voltage regulation by an isolated power module, it supplies power to the satellite communication module, VHF radio, microwave data link, laser communication, and BeiDou equipment within the communication system. Figure 1 As shown.

[0009] Disadvantages of power distribution for conventional shipborne UAV communication equipment: 1) Inability to promptly identify and disconnect power to faulty modules, resulting in poor reliability: Traditional mobile power supply methods cannot provide overcurrent or short-circuit protection. Failure to promptly disconnect power to a faulty communication module (or unit) may affect the operation of other modules (or units) using the same power output, thereby reducing system reliability; 2) Lack of operational status monitoring function and lack of fault analysis data: Traditional mobile power supply methods cannot monitor the parameters of each power supply circuit and the internal temperature of the power supply in real time, execute alarm and protection actions, and cannot provide support for equipment operation status monitoring and fault location, resulting in poor maintainability; 3) The power distribution lacks timing control. When all modules (or units) in the communication equipment are powered on at the same time, the starting current is large, which can easily generate a large surge current in the main power supply circuit, causing the overcurrent protection device to malfunction and resulting in power-on failure. 4) The airborne control computer cannot promptly understand the operating status of each power supply of each module (or unit) of the communication equipment through the communication port; 5) Unable to promptly shut off the power supply to modules in non-communication states based on communication characteristics and methods, thereby reducing energy waste and extending the drone's loiter time. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This application provides a digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication equipment, including: The airborne power input terminal is used to receive electrical energy output from the independent power supply system on the UAV. A DC EMI filter module is connected to the airborne power input terminal to filter out electromagnetic noise from the power output and suppress electromagnetic interference conducted from the power line to the communication equipment. A DC / DC isolation regulator module is connected to the DC EMI filter module and is used to regulate the fluctuating voltage of the airborne power input to the power supply voltage required by the communication equipment. At least two output power distribution circuits, each corresponding to a different communication module or unit in the communication equipment, and each output power distribution circuit includes: The output opening / closing drive circuit includes a microcontroller's GPIO signal output terminal, an N-MOS transistor, an RC charging circuit, and a P-MOS transistor. The microcontroller's GPIO signal controls the charging rate of the P-MOS transistor's gate by the RC charging circuit through the switching of the N-MOS transistor, causing the drain-source impedance of the P-MOS transistor to slowly decrease from infinity to the conducting state, thereby realizing the slow-start control of the output voltage. The output current and voltage detection circuit, including a current sensor and a resistor voltage divider circuit, is used to detect the output current and voltage of each output power distribution circuit in real time. The output short-circuit protection circuit includes an input fuse, a high-power TVS diode, an N-MOS startup current limiting circuit with soft-start function, and an overcurrent detection and shutdown circuit composed of an NPN transistor. The NPN transistor detects the voltage drop across the N-MOS transistor. When the current is too large and the voltage drop exceeds the transistor's turn-on voltage, the NPN transistor turns on to turn off the N-MOS transistor. The output power-on / power-off timing control module is connected to the output opening / closing drive circuit and is used to control each output power distribution circuit to be powered on or off in sequence according to a preset timing sequence, thereby suppressing the surge current when the downstream equipment starts up. A temperature sensor, located inside the power supply unit, is used to detect the internal temperature of the power supply. The communication control module includes an isolated communication interface for data interaction with the onboard control computer; and The central processing unit is connected to the output current and voltage detection circuit, the temperature sensor, the output power-on / power-off timing control module, the output opening / closing drive circuit, and the communication control module, respectively. The central processing unit is configured as follows: Based on the current communication method and characteristics of the UAV, the power supply to the communication module or unit in the non-communication state is cut off by the output opening / closing drive circuit to reduce power consumption and extend the UAV's loiter time. Based on the detection results of the output current and voltage detection circuit, the fault is identified and alarm and protection actions are executed to promptly shut down the downstream short-circuited or overloaded load. Based on the detection results of the temperature sensor, the temperature data is uploaded to the airborne control computer through the communication control module, and when the power supply overheats, the transmission power or frequency of the communication module is reduced, or the speed of the cooling fan is adjusted.

[0011] In some embodiments, the communication module or unit includes at least one of a satellite communication module, an ultra-shortwave radio, a microwave data link, a laser communication module, and a BeiDou device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the power received by the airborne power input terminal is a battery, a switching power supply, or a power output from an engine rectifier, and its output voltage fluctuation range is the maximum allowable fluctuation range.

[0013] In some embodiments, the DC EMI filter module is used to cut off the electromagnetic interference conduction coupling path between the DC / DC isolation voltage regulator module and external electrical equipment.

[0014] In some embodiments, in the output opening / closing drive circuit, when the microcontroller's GPIO outputs a high voltage, the drain-source of the N-MOS transistor is turned on, allowing the capacitor and diode to slowly supply power to the gate of the P-MOS transistor through the RC charging circuit. The drain-source voltage of the P-MOS transistor slowly rises and eventually becomes fully turned on, and the drain-source impedance drops to about 5mΩ.

[0015] In some embodiments, in the output short-circuit protection circuit, the high-power TVS diode is disposed between the output terminal and ground to absorb the output overvoltage spike energy or the voltage spike generated by the solenoid valve operation follow current.

[0016] In some embodiments, in the output short-circuit protection circuit, the N-MOS startup current limiting circuit charges the gate-source of the N-MOS transistor through an RC circuit, causing the drain-gate impedance of the N-MOS transistor to slowly decrease from infinity to zero, thereby reducing the current surge at the moment of power-on.

[0017] In some embodiments, in the output short-circuit protection circuit, when an overcurrent or short-circuit fault occurs in a certain load, the central processing unit identifies the fault through the current detection circuit, controls the output opening / closing drive circuit to cut off the power supply to the load, and uploads the fault information to the airborne control computer through the isolation communication interface.

[0018] In some embodiments, the isolated communication interface includes at least one of an RS232 interface, a CAN interface, an RS485 / RS422 interface, and an Ethernet interface.

[0019] In some embodiments, the central processing unit is further configured to: control some communication devices to reduce transmission power or frequency to reduce power consumption and extend the loiter time of the UAV when the battery energy storage is insufficient.

[0020] In some embodiments, the power consumption of the non-communication state communication module or unit ranges from 5W to 50W.

[0021] In some embodiments, the output power-on / power-off timing control module is configured to: control the charging rate of the large capacitive load when the load is powered on, so as to avoid the theoretically infinite inrush current caused by the equivalent short circuit of the capacitor at the moment of power-on.

[0022] In some embodiments, the DC / DC isolated voltage regulator module regulates the input voltage to one or more of +28V, +12V, or +3.3V.

[0023] In some embodiments, the airborne control computer obtains the power supply operation parameters of each communication module or unit in the power supply device in real time through the communication control module, and records fault and alarm information.

[0024] In some embodiments, the central processing unit implements independent on / off control of the power supply to each communication module through the output opening / closing drive circuit, so that the power supply status of each communication module does not affect each other.

[0025] The digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication equipment provided in the above embodiments of this application has the following advantages compared with the traditional power distribution method for shipborne UAV communication equipment: Based on the current communication method and characteristics of the UAV, the power supply to the communication module or unit in the non-communication state is automatically cut off (the power consumption of the module in the non-communication state is generally 5W to 50W), so as to realize the low power consumption operation of the communication equipment, effectively reduce energy waste, and significantly extend the UAV's loiter time.

[0026] The output current and voltage detection circuit identifies abnormalities in each power supply circuit in real time, and promptly shuts down short-circuited or overloaded loads in the downstream stage to prevent faulty modules from affecting the operation of other modules with the same power output; the output short-circuit protection circuit implements "hiccup" protection to prevent the fault from escalating and improve the overall reliability of the power supply system.

[0027] Real-time monitoring of power supply operating parameters (output voltage, output current, board temperature) is achieved and uploaded to the onboard control computer via isolated communication ports (RS232, CAN, RS485 / RS422, Ethernet). This enables alarm execution and fault recording, providing data support for equipment operation status monitoring and fault location, and improving maintainability.

[0028] By outputting the power-on / power-off timing control module, the communication modules are controlled to power on sequentially according to the preset timing sequence. This avoids the large starting current generated by multiple modules powering on simultaneously, which could cause surges in the main power supply circuit. It also prevents overcurrent protection devices from malfunctioning or isolates the overcurrent protection of the power supply module, thereby ensuring successful power-on.

[0029] The DC EMI filter module effectively filters out electromagnetic noise from the airborne power supply output, cuts off the electromagnetic interference conduction coupling path between the isolation power supply module and external electrical equipment, and improves the electromagnetic compatibility performance of shipborne UAV communication equipment.

[0030] By detecting the internal temperature of the power supply using a temperature sensor, and in the event of overheating, the operating temperature of the airborne power supply can be controlled within a suitable range by reducing the transmission power or frequency of the communication module, lowering the power supply output power, or adjusting the speed of the cooling fan, thus ensuring stable operation of the equipment.

[0031] The airborne control computer can obtain the power supply operation parameters of each module in real time through the isolated communication port, and remotely execute the on / off control of the power supply of each communication module to realize the digital and intelligent management of power distribution.

[0032] The airborne power supply is an independent power system consisting of a battery, a switching power supply, or an engine rectifier output. Due to large voltage fluctuations, a DC / DC isolation voltage regulator module is used to provide a stable and safe power supply voltage for each communication module.

[0033] The output opening / closing drive circuit adopts MOSFET slow-start control, which makes the output voltage rise slowly, reduces the power-on inrush current of the switching power supply, and can safely supply power to large-capacity capacitive loads. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings illustrate, by way of example and not limitation, the various embodiments discussed herein.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the power distribution for conventional shipborne UAV communication equipment; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the digital power supply unit for shipborne UAV communication equipment. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the output opening / closing drive circuit; Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram for output short-circuit and overcurrent protection. Figure 5 This is the circuit diagram for output soft start control. Detailed Implementation

[0036] In order to gain a more detailed understanding of the features and technical content of the embodiments of this application, the implementation of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application.

[0037] In the embodiments described in this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be an electrical connection, or a connection between two internal components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above term according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "third" used in the embodiments of this application are merely used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first," "second," and "third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted. It should be understood that the objects distinguished by "first," "second," and "third" can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0039] In this embodiment of the application, a digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication equipment provides power control circuit opening / closing control for each communication module or unit within the UAV communication equipment, real-time monitoring of power supply circuit parameters and internal temperature, and is capable of performing alarm and protection actions.

[0040] The digital power supply unit for the shipborne UAV communication equipment can cut off the power supply to modules in non-communication mode (modules in non-communication mode generally consume between 5W and 50W) according to the communication method and characteristics, thereby achieving low power consumption of the communication equipment and extending the UAV's loiter time. The technical solution is as follows: The digital power supply unit for shipborne UAV communication equipment consists of, for example: Figure 2 As shown, where: Onboard power supply: Provides power to the communication equipment on the drone. It is usually a battery or generator with rectified current output. It is an independent power supply system with large output voltage fluctuations. Electromagnetic Interference (EMI): Electromagnetic noise from the output of a filtered mechanical power supply or electromagnetic interference conducted from the power line by communication equipment; DC-DC isolated voltage regulator module: It takes the onboard power input and regulates it to the power supply voltage required by the communication equipment, such as +28V, +12V, +3.3V, etc. Output current and voltage detection circuit: Through a current sensor and a resistor voltage divider, the output current and voltage are detected. When the voltage and current are abnormal, a fault alarm is identified, and the downstream short-circuit or overload load is shut down in time to protect the power supply system.

[0041] Output power-on / power-off sequence control: A large current is typically generated the instant the load is energized; this is known as the inrush current. This phenomenon mainly occurs in large capacitive loads, such as capacitors, where the load is essentially short-circuited at the moment of power-on, and the instantaneous current is theoretically infinite. The power supply unit of the digital shipborne UAV communication equipment implements power-on / power-off sequence control to prevent malfunctions of the overcurrent protection device in the main power supply circuit or the overcurrent protection of the isolation power module due to excessive inrush current during startup, thus avoiding power-on failure.

[0042] Communication control: The airborne control computer communicates with the power supply unit of the digital shipborne UAV communication equipment through isolated communication ports (RS232, CAN, RS485 / RS422, Ethernet) to obtain the operating parameters of the power supply of each module (or unit) in the power supply unit in real time, and records faults and alarms.

[0043] Temperature control: In the power supply unit of the digital shipborne UAV communication equipment, the central processing unit (CPU) measures the internal temperature of the power supply through a temperature sensor and uploads it to the airborne control computer through an isolated communication interface. By reducing the transmission power or frequency of the communication module or unit, the power supply output power is reduced, the heat generated by the power supply is reduced, or the fan speed is increased or decreased according to the rise and fall of the power supply temperature, thereby controlling the operating temperature of the airborne power supply within a suitable range.

[0044] Output opening / closing drive circuit: In the digital power supply unit of shipborne UAV communication equipment, a weak GPIO signal (3.3V, 5V) from a microcontroller, CPU, or microcontroller unit (MCU) is used to drive the MOS transistor. The opening / closing of the MOS transistor drives the opening / closing of the power distribution circuit. The opening / closing drive is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0045] Even when not in a communication state, communication modules or units still consume a certain amount of power. The digital power supply device of the shipborne UAV communication equipment shuts off the power supply to modules in non-communication states according to the communication characteristics and methods, thereby achieving low-power distribution of electrical energy and extending the UAV's loiter time. The output short-circuit protection circuit mainly consists of a fuse, an output soft-start circuit, an output overvoltage or freewheeling unidirectional transient voltage suppressor (TVS) transistor, and an overcurrent and short-circuit protection circuit. Figure 4 As shown, F1 is the input fuse, which provides short-circuit protection for the power input terminal; The high-power TVS diode D36 is used for output voltage spike protection, which absorbs and processes the voltage spike energy between +28V and GND_IN, mainly for output overvoltage or solenoid valve operation follow current. For NMOS (Q24) startup current limiting, the GS of NMOS is charged through RC, and the DG impedance of NMOS slowly decreases from infinity to 0, reducing the current surge at power-on.

[0046] The NPN transistor (Q1) detects the voltage drop across the NMOS transistor. When the current flowing through resistor R860 and the NMOS transistor is large, causing its voltage drop to exceed the transistor's turn-on voltage, the transistor turns on, the gate-source voltage (GS) of the NMOS transistor (Q24) becomes low, and the MOS transistor turns off.

[0047] When the CPU's GPIO outputs a high voltage, the drain and source terminals of the N-MOS transistor Q15 are turned on. C218 and FR112 charge through RC circuitry, slowly supplying power to the PMOS gate. Vds gradually rises and eventually turns on the PMOS. Simultaneously, the PMOS impedance drops from infinity to approximately 5mΩ (i.e., fully turned on), and Vout slowly starts the output. Figure 5 As shown.

[0048] This application provides a digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication equipment, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the device includes: The airborne power input terminal is used to receive electrical energy output from the independent power supply system on the UAV. The DC EMI filter module is connected to the airborne power input terminal and is used to filter out electromagnetic noise from the power output and suppress electromagnetic interference conducted from the power line to communication equipment. The DC / DC isolation regulator module, connected to the DC EMI filter module, is used to regulate the fluctuating voltage of the airborne power input to the power supply voltage required by the communication equipment. At least two output power distribution circuits, each corresponding to a different communication module or unit in the communication equipment, and each output power distribution circuit includes: The output opening / closing drive circuit includes the GPIO signal output terminal of the microcontroller, an N-MOS transistor, an RC charging circuit, and a P-MOS transistor. The GPIO signal of the microcontroller controls the charging rate of the gate of the P-MOS transistor by the RC charging circuit through the switching of the N-MOS transistor, so that the drain-source impedance of the P-MOS transistor slowly decreases from infinity to the conducting state, thereby realizing the slow-start control of the output voltage. The output current and voltage detection circuit, including a current sensor and a resistor voltage divider circuit, is used to detect the output current and voltage of each output power distribution circuit in real time. The output short-circuit protection circuit includes an input fuse, a high-power TVS diode, an N-MOS startup current limiting circuit with soft-start function, and an overcurrent detection and shutdown circuit composed of an NPN transistor. The NPN transistor detects the voltage drop across the N-MOS transistor. When the current is too large and the voltage drop exceeds the transistor's turn-on voltage, the NPN transistor turns on to turn off the N-MOS transistor. The output power-on / power-off timing control module is connected to the output opening / closing drive circuit and is used to control each output power distribution circuit to be powered on or off in sequence according to a preset timing sequence, thereby suppressing the surge current when the downstream equipment starts up. A temperature sensor, located inside the power supply unit, is used to detect the internal temperature of the power supply. The communication control module includes an isolated communication interface for data interaction with the onboard control computer; and The central processing unit is connected to the output current and voltage detection circuit, temperature sensor, output power-on / power-off timing control module, output opening / closing drive circuit and communication control module respectively; The central processing unit is configured as follows: Based on the current communication method and characteristics of the UAV, the power supply to the communication module or unit in the non-communication state is cut off by the output opening / closing drive circuit, so as to reduce power consumption and extend the UAV's loiter time. Based on the detection results of the output current and voltage detection circuit, the fault is identified and alarm and protection actions are executed to promptly shut down the downstream short-circuit or overload load. Based on the temperature sensor's detection results, the temperature data is uploaded to the airborne control computer via the communication control module. When the power supply overheats, the system controls the reduction of the communication module's transmission power or frequency, or adjusts the cooling fan speed.

[0049] In some embodiments, the communication module or unit includes at least one of a satellite communication module, an ultra-shortwave radio, a microwave data link, a laser communication module, and a BeiDou device.

[0050] In some embodiments, the power received at the airborne power input terminal is from a battery, a switching power supply, or the power output from the engine rectifier, and its output voltage fluctuation range is the maximum allowable fluctuation range.

[0051] In some embodiments, the DC EMI filter module is used to cut off the electromagnetic interference conduction coupling path between the DC / DC isolation voltage regulator module and external electrical equipment.

[0052] In some embodiments, in the output opening / closing drive circuit, when the microcontroller's GPIO outputs a high voltage, the drain and source of the N-MOS transistor are turned on, allowing the capacitor and diode to slowly supply power to the gate of the P-MOS transistor through the RC charging circuit. The drain and source voltage of the P-MOS transistor slowly rises and eventually turns on completely, and the drain and source impedance drops to about 5mΩ.

[0053] In some embodiments, in the output short-circuit protection circuit, a high-power TVS diode is placed between the output terminal and ground to absorb the energy of output overvoltage spikes or voltage spikes generated by the solenoid valve's operation and follow current.

[0054] In some embodiments, in the output short-circuit protection circuit, the N-MOS startup current limiting circuit charges the gate-source of the N-MOS transistor through an RC circuit, causing the drain-gate impedance of the N-MOS transistor to slowly decrease from infinity to zero, thereby reducing the current surge at the moment of power-on.

[0055] In some embodiments, in the output short-circuit protection circuit, when an overcurrent or short-circuit fault occurs in a certain load, the central processing unit identifies the fault through the current detection circuit, controls the output opening / closing drive circuit to cut off the power supply to the load, and uploads the fault information to the airborne control computer through the isolated communication interface.

[0056] In some embodiments, the isolated communication interface includes at least one of an RS232 interface, a CAN interface, an RS485 / RS422 interface, and an Ethernet interface.

[0057] In some embodiments, the central processing unit is further configured to: control some communication devices to reduce transmission power or frequency to reduce power consumption and extend the loiter time of the UAV when the battery energy is insufficient.

[0058] In some embodiments, the power consumption of the communication module or unit in the non-communication state ranges from 5W to 50W.

[0059] In some embodiments, the output power-on / power-off timing control module is configured to: control the charging rate of the large capacitive load when the load is powered on, so as to avoid the theoretically infinite inrush current caused by the equivalent short circuit of the capacitor at the moment of power-on.

[0060] In some embodiments, the DC / DC isolated voltage regulator module regulates the input voltage to one or more of +28V, +12V, or +3.3V.

[0061] In some embodiments, the airborne control computer obtains the power supply operation parameters of each communication module or unit in the power supply device in real time through the communication control module, and records fault and alarm information.

[0062] In some embodiments, the central processing unit implements independent on / off control of the power supply of each communication module through an output opening / closing drive circuit, so that the power supply status of each communication module does not affect each other.

[0063] The digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication equipment provided in this application embodiment has the following advantages compared with the traditional power distribution method for shipborne UAV communication equipment: 1. Reduce power consumption and extend drone loiter time Based on the current communication method and characteristics of the UAV, the power supply to the communication module or unit in the non-communication state is automatically cut off (the power consumption of the module in the non-communication state is generally 5W to 50W), so as to realize the low power consumption operation of the communication equipment, effectively reduce energy waste, and significantly extend the UAV's loiter time.

[0064] 2. Improve system reliability and fault isolation capabilities The output current and voltage detection circuit identifies abnormalities in each power supply circuit in real time, and promptly shuts down short-circuited or overloaded loads in the downstream stage to prevent faulty modules from affecting the operation of other modules with the same power output; the output short-circuit protection circuit implements "hiccup" protection to prevent the fault from escalating and improve the overall reliability of the power supply system.

[0065] 3. Enable real-time monitoring of operational status and fault location. Real-time monitoring of power supply operating parameters (output voltage, output current, board temperature) is achieved and uploaded to the onboard control computer via isolated communication ports (RS232, CAN, RS485 / RS422, Ethernet). This enables alarm execution and fault recording, providing data support for equipment operation status monitoring and fault location, and improving maintainability.

[0066] 4. Suppress inrush current during startup and ensure successful power-on. By outputting the power-on / power-off timing control module, the communication modules are controlled to power on sequentially according to the preset timing sequence. This avoids the large starting current generated by multiple modules powering on simultaneously, which could cause surges in the main power supply circuit. It also prevents overcurrent protection devices from malfunctioning or isolates the overcurrent protection of the power supply module, thereby ensuring successful power-on.

[0067] 5. Electromagnetic compatibility performance optimization The DC EMI filter module effectively filters out electromagnetic noise from the airborne power supply output, cuts off the electromagnetic interference conduction coupling path between the isolation power supply module and external electrical equipment, and improves the electromagnetic compatibility performance of shipborne UAV communication equipment.

[0068] 6. Temperature adaptive regulation and thermal management By detecting the internal temperature of the power supply using a temperature sensor, and in the event of overheating, the operating temperature of the airborne power supply can be controlled within a suitable range by reducing the transmission power or frequency of the communication module, lowering the power supply output power, or adjusting the speed of the cooling fan, thus ensuring stable operation of the equipment.

[0069] 7. Supports remote intelligent control and management The airborne control computer can obtain the power supply operation parameters of each module in real time through the isolated communication port, and remotely execute the on / off control of the power supply of each communication module to realize the digital and intelligent management of power distribution.

[0070] 8. Adaptable to a wide range of input voltage fluctuations The airborne power supply is an independent power system consisting of a battery, a switching power supply, or an engine rectifier output. Due to large voltage fluctuations, a DC / DC isolation voltage regulator module is used to provide a stable and safe power supply voltage for each communication module.

[0071] 9. Output soft-start function protects downstream equipment. The output opening / closing drive circuit adopts MOSFET slow-start control, which makes the output voltage rise slowly, reduces the power-on inrush current of the switching power supply, and can safely supply power to large-capacity capacitive loads.

[0072] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application can be combined arbitrarily without conflict.

[0073] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication equipment, characterized in that, include: The airborne power input terminal is used to receive electrical energy output from the independent power supply system on the UAV. A DC EMI filter module is connected to the airborne power input terminal to filter out electromagnetic noise from the power output and suppress electromagnetic interference conducted from the power line to the communication equipment. A DC / DC isolation regulator module is connected to the DC EMI filter module and is used to regulate the fluctuating voltage of the airborne power input to the power supply voltage required by the communication equipment. At least two output power distribution circuits, each corresponding to a different communication module or unit in the communication equipment, and each output power distribution circuit includes: The output opening / closing drive circuit includes a microcontroller's GPIO signal output terminal, an N-MOS transistor, an RC charging circuit, and a P-MOS transistor. The microcontroller's GPIO signal controls the charging rate of the P-MOS transistor's gate by the RC charging circuit through the switching of the N-MOS transistor, causing the drain-source impedance of the P-MOS transistor to slowly decrease from infinity to the conducting state, thereby realizing the slow-start control of the output voltage. The output current and voltage detection circuit, including a current sensor and a resistor voltage divider circuit, is used to detect the output current and voltage of each output power distribution circuit in real time. The output short-circuit protection circuit includes an input fuse, a high-power TVS diode, an N-MOS startup current limiting circuit with soft-start function, and an overcurrent detection and shutdown circuit composed of an NPN transistor. The NPN transistor detects the voltage drop across the N-MOS transistor. When the current is too large and the voltage drop exceeds the transistor's turn-on voltage, the NPN transistor turns on to turn off the N-MOS transistor. The output power-on / power-off timing control module is connected to the output opening / closing drive circuit and is used to control each output power distribution circuit to be powered on or off in sequence according to a preset timing sequence, thereby suppressing the surge current when the downstream equipment starts up. A temperature sensor, located inside the power supply unit, is used to detect the internal temperature of the power supply. The communication control module includes an isolated communication interface for data interaction with the onboard control computer; and The central processing unit is connected to the output current and voltage detection circuit, the temperature sensor, the output power-on / power-off timing control module, the output opening / closing drive circuit, and the communication control module, respectively. The central processing unit is configured as follows: Based on the current communication method and characteristics of the UAV, the power supply to the communication module or unit in the non-communication state is cut off through the output opening / closing drive circuit to reduce power consumption and extend the UAV's loiter time. Based on the detection results of the output current and voltage detection circuit, the fault is identified and alarm and protection actions are executed to promptly shut down the downstream short-circuited or overloaded load. Based on the detection results of the temperature sensor, the temperature data is uploaded to the airborne control computer through the communication control module, and when the power supply overheats, the transmission power or frequency of the communication module is reduced, or the speed of the cooling fan is adjusted.

2. The digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle communication equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module or unit includes at least one of a satellite communication module, an ultra-shortwave radio, a microwave data link, a laser communication module, and a BeiDou device.

3. The digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle communication equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power received by the airborne power input terminal is from a battery, a switching power supply, or the power output from the engine rectifier, and its output voltage fluctuation range is the maximum allowable fluctuation range.

4. The digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle communication equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DC EMI filter module is used to cut off the electromagnetic interference conduction coupling path between the DC / DC isolation voltage regulator module and external electrical equipment.

5. The digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle communication equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the output opening / closing drive circuit, when the microcontroller's GPIO outputs a high voltage, the drain-source of the N-MOS transistor is turned on, allowing the capacitor and diode to slowly supply power to the gate of the P-MOS transistor through the RC charging circuit. The drain-source voltage of the P-MOS transistor slowly rises and eventually turns on completely, and the drain-source impedance drops to about 5mΩ.

6. The digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle communication equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the output short-circuit protection circuit, the high-power TVS diode is placed between the output terminal and ground to absorb the output overvoltage spike energy or the voltage spike generated by the solenoid valve's operation and follow current.

7. The digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle communication equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the output short-circuit protection circuit, the N-MOS startup current limiting circuit charges the gate-source of the N-MOS transistor through an RC circuit, causing the drain-gate impedance of the N-MOS transistor to slowly decrease from infinity to zero, thereby reducing the current surge at the moment of power-on.

8. The digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle communication equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the output short-circuit protection circuit, when an overcurrent or short-circuit fault occurs in a certain load, the central processing unit identifies the fault through the current detection circuit, controls the output opening / closing drive circuit to cut off the power supply to the load, and uploads the fault information to the airborne control computer through the isolation communication interface.

9. The digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle communication equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolated communication interface includes at least one of RS232 interface, CAN interface, RS485 / RS422 interface and Ethernet interface.

10. The digital power supply device for shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle communication equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central processing unit is also configured to: when the battery energy storage is insufficient, control some communication devices to reduce the transmission power or frequency to reduce power consumption and extend the loiter time of the UAV.

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