Downhole power generation structure and downhole long-term energy supply device

Abstract

The application provides a downhole power generation structure and a downhole long-acting energy supply device, and relates to the technical field of oil exploitation.The downhole power generation structure comprises a first pipe body, an insulating layer, an electrode assembly and a power generation assembly.The electrode assembly is used for electrically connecting an energy storage device, and comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode.The power generation assembly is arranged on the insulating layer, and comprises a first nanometer material layer covering the positive electrode and a second nanometer material layer covering the negative electrode.The first nanometer material layer is used for generating positive charges by rubbing with fluid in the first pipe body and transferring the positive charges to the positive electrode, and the second nanometer material layer is used for generating negative charges by rubbing with fluid in the first pipe body and transferring the negative charges to the negative electrode.The first nanometer material layer and the second nanometer material layer are caused to rub and vibrate by fluid flowing through the first pipe body, so that an electric current is generated between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and the energy storage device can be charged, the electric quantity of the energy storage device is increased, and the function of downhole long-acting energy supply is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil extraction technology, and in particular to a downhole power generation structure and a long-term downhole power supply device. Background Technology

[0002] In oil extraction, to more accurately monitor downhole environmental parameters for production process control, various sensors such as temperature and pressure need to be installed downhole, and energy storage batteries are used to power these sensors. Battery energy storage is limited, and they generally need to be replaced every two to three years. Replacement requires removing the entire tubing from the well. The replacement process includes: first determining the area where the tubing is located and its production conditions; then determining the replacement time based on the power supply period and production status; developing emergency plans and installation measures; stopping production; removing the tubing; cleaning the wellbore; and then installing the new tubing into the wellbore. After installation, pressure and sealing tests are required to ensure the tubing connection quality and safety meet requirements. Therefore, the tubing replacement process is complex, requires collaboration among multiple trades, and is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0003] To reduce the frequency of tubing replacements due to battery depletion, some technologies have considered using downhole generators to supplement battery energy storage, such as turbine generators or thermoelectric generators. However, these power generation methods present numerous problems when applied to production wells in oil fields. Turbine generators utilize the impact of downhole fluid on turbine blades, causing the turbine blades to drive a rotor and generate electricity. However, turbine generators have complex structures, including turbine blades, rotors, drive shaft assemblies, gearboxes, and motors, requiring significant installation space. Tubing diameters are generally less than 100mm, with inner diameters often as low as 50mm-80mm. The confined space within the tubing results in poor flow after installing the turbine generator, making it difficult to clear blockages and negatively impacting safe production. Furthermore, the fluid requires high velocities to drive the turbine blades, which is often difficult to achieve within oil wells. In addition, the high temperatures of the formation and fluids lead to significant wear and tear over long-term operation, making components prone to failure. Thermoelectric generators utilize the temperature difference between the formation and the fluid to act on the PN junction of a semiconductor element. Heat flows into the device from the high-temperature side and is discharged from the low-temperature side. A portion of the heat flowing into the device is not released but converted into electrical energy, outputting DC voltage and current. Multiple such devices can be connected to obtain a larger voltage. However, the temperature difference between the formation and the fluid in oilfield production wells is small, and both the formation and fluid temperatures are relatively high, making effective power generation difficult. Therefore, how to better achieve long-term downhole power generation has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a downhole power generation structure and a downhole long-term power supply device for better realizing downhole long-term power generation.

[0005] The above-mentioned objective of this invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: This invention provides a downhole power generation structure, comprising:

[0006] The first pipe body is used to connect the passage of the oil pipe;

[0007] An insulating layer is disposed on the inner wall of the first tube body;

[0008] An electrode assembly for electrically connecting an energy storage device, the electrode assembly comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode spaced apart on the insulating layer;

[0009] A power generation component is disposed on the insulating layer. The power generation component includes a first nanomaterial layer covering the positive electrode and a second nanomaterial layer covering the negative electrode. The first nanomaterial layer is used to generate positive charge through friction with the fluid in the first tube and transfer it to the positive electrode. The second nanomaterial layer is used to generate negative charge through friction with the fluid in the first tube and transfer it to the negative electrode.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes are provided, and the multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes are arranged alternately and sequentially along the axial direction of the first tube. Multiple first nanomaterial layers and multiple second nanomaterial layers are provided, each first nanomaterial layer covering at least one positive electrode and each second nanomaterial layer covering at least one negative electrode.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the positive electrodes are arranged in parallel; and / or, a plurality of the negative electrodes are arranged in parallel.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulating layer is made of at least one of AL2O3, quartz glass, ceramic, and PTFE.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first nanomaterial layer and / or the second nanomaterial layer are made of at least one of polyetheretherketone, nano copper, nano aluminum, polycarbonate, polyamide nylon, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an insulating separator is provided between adjacent first nanomaterial layers and second nanomaterial layers.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulating insulating element is made of at least one of AL2O3, quartz glass, ceramic, and PTFE.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first nanomaterial layer and / or the second nanomaterial layer is 2 mm to 5 mm.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first recess is provided on the end face of the first nanomaterial layer facing away from the insulating layer.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first recess includes a plurality of first grooves spaced apart on the surface of the first nanomaterial layer; or, the first recess includes a threaded groove centered on the axis of the first tube.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second recess is provided on the end face of the second nanomaterial layer facing away from the insulating layer.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second recess includes a plurality of second grooves spaced apart on the surface of the second nanomaterial layer; or, the second recess includes a threaded groove centered on the axis of the first tube.

[0022] The present invention also provides a long-term downhole power supply device, including the aforementioned downhole power generation structure, a second pipe body, and an energy storage device. The second pipe body is sleeved on the outside of the first pipe body of the downhole power generation structure, and an accommodating space is formed between the second pipe body and the first pipe body. The energy storage device is disposed in the accommodating space and electrically connected to the electrode assembly of the downhole power generation structure.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the downhole long-term power supply device further includes a flow-disrupting pipe body, which is disposed at one end of the first pipe body near the upstream end. The flow-disrupting pipe body includes an enlarged diameter section and two connecting pipe sections disposed at both ends of the enlarged diameter section. The two connecting pipe sections are respectively used to connect the oil pipe and the first pipe body.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the expanded section includes a first inclined surface, a connecting surface and a second inclined surface arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the fluid in the first pipe, wherein the slope of the first inclined surface is less than the slope of the second inclined surface.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first inclined surface and the connecting surface have a first included angle α, 110° < α < 180°; and / or, the second inclined surface and the connecting surface have a second included angle b, 70° < b < 110°.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, along the axial direction of the first pipe body, neither the first nanomaterial layer nor the second nanomaterial layer of the downhole power generation structure extends beyond the inner wall of the connecting pipe section.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage device includes a voltage regulator and rectifier module, an energy storage module, and a power management module connected in sequence, wherein the voltage regulator and rectifier module is electrically connected to the electrode assembly of the downhole power generation structure.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage module includes a secondary battery or a capacitor.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention has the following significant beneficial effects:

[0030] In use, the downhole power generation structure of this invention comprises an insulating layer disposed on the inner wall of a first tube, an electrode assembly disposed on the insulating layer, and a power generation assembly disposed on the electrode assembly. Specifically, the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the power generation assembly includes a first nanomaterial layer covering the surface of the positive electrode and a second nanomaterial layer covering the surface of the negative electrode. By utilizing the fluid flowing through the first tube to induce frictional vibration between the first and second nanomaterial layers, a voltage difference is generated between the positive electrode in the first nanomaterial layer and the negative electrode in the second nanomaterial layer. A current is generated between the positive and negative electrodes, which can charge the energy storage device, thereby increasing the energy capacity of the energy storage device and achieving long-term downhole power supply. The frictional electrification between the fluid and the nanomaterial layers is not true hard friction, but rather a slight contact or bump generated by the disturbance of the fluid, which can greatly reduce material wear.

[0031] The downhole power generation structure of this invention does not rely on moving parts for power generation, but only on the friction of fluid. Furthermore, the first and second nanomaterial layers used for power generation are laid flat along the channel of the first pipe body, occupying minimal space radially within the channel. The overall structure of this invention is simple, space-saving, and does not affect flow. It also possesses advantages such as being wear-resistant, highly durable, and less affected by temperature and pressure, enabling it to operate in production oil wells with high temperatures and pressures to achieve long-term charging. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. Those skilled in the art, guided by the teachings of this invention, can select various possible shapes and proportions to implement the invention according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of the downhole long-term power supply device described in this invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical connection between the positive electrode, negative electrode, and energy storage device described in this invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the first recessed portion of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of one embodiment of the first recess of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the first recess of the first nanomaterial of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the first recess of the first nanomaterial of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of one embodiment of the baffle tube body described in this invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of the turbulence-disrupting tube body described in this invention.

[0042] The reference numerals in the above figures are as follows:

[0043] 1000, oil pipeline;

[0044] 2000, Long-term underground power supply device;

[0045] 1. First tube body; 11. Channel; 111. First direction; 112. First axis;

[0046] 12. Accommodation space; 121. First-stage settling tank; 122. Second-stage settling tank;

[0047] 13. Connecting female head; 131. Stepped surface; 132. Mounting hole;

[0048] 2. The second tube body;

[0049] 3. Insulation layer; 31. Insulation insulating component;

[0050] 4. Positive electrode;

[0051] 5. Negative electrode;

[0052] 6. First nanomaterial layer; 61. First recess;

[0053] 7. Second nanomaterial layer;

[0054] 8. Energy storage device; 81. Voltage regulator and rectifier module; 82. Energy storage module; 83. Power management module;

[0055] 9. Baffle tube body; 91. Neck expansion section; 911. First inclined surface; 912. Connecting surface; 913. Second inclined surface; 92. Connecting pipe section. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Implementation Method 1

[0058] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a downhole power generation structure, which includes a first pipe body 1, an insulating layer 3, an electrode assembly, and a power generation assembly. The first pipe body 1 is used to connect the oil pipe 1000 through a passage. The insulating layer 3 is disposed on the inner wall of the first pipe body 1. The electrode assembly is used to electrically connect to an energy storage device 8, and the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode 4 and a negative electrode 5 disposed at intervals on the insulating layer 3. The power generation assembly is disposed on the insulating layer 3, and the power generation assembly includes a first nanomaterial layer 6 covering the positive electrode 4 and a second nanomaterial layer 7 covering the negative electrode 5. The first nanomaterial layer 6 is used to generate positive charge through friction with the fluid in the first pipe body 1 and transfer it to the positive electrode 4. The second nanomaterial layer 7 is used to generate negative charge through friction with the fluid in the first pipe body 1 and transfer it to the negative electrode 5.

[0059] Overall, this downhole power generation structure utilizes the frictional vibration of the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 caused by the fluid flowing through the first pipe 1. This generates a voltage difference between the positive electrode 4 in the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the negative electrode 5 in the second nanomaterial layer 7, producing a current that charges the energy storage device 8, thereby increasing the capacity of the energy storage device 8 and achieving long-term downhole power supply. Notably, the frictional electrification between the fluid and the nanomaterial layers is not true hard friction, but rather a slight contact or bump generated by the fluid's disturbance, which significantly reduces material wear.

[0060] Furthermore, the downhole power generation structure of this invention does not rely on moving parts for power generation, but only on the friction of fluid to generate electricity. The first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 used for power generation are laid flat along the channel 11 of the first pipe body 1, occupying little space radially in the channel 11 of the first pipe body 1. The entire structure of this invention is simple, occupies little space, does not affect flow, and has advantages such as being wear-resistant, highly durable, and less affected by temperature and pressure. It can operate in production oil wells with high temperature and pressure to achieve long-term charging.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, a first pipe body 1 is disposed on the passage of the oil pipe 1000, and the inner wall of the first pipe body 1 forms a channel 11 for fluid to pass through.

[0062] Specifically, the channel 11 extends along the first direction 111, and the centerline of the channel 11 is the first axis 112. Designers can adjust the specific shape and structure of the first tube 1 according to the needs of use, and no specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are disposed at intervals on the insulating layer 3, and the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are respectively electrically connected to the energy storage device 8. In a feasible embodiment, the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are disposed at intervals along the first axis 112 on the insulating layer 3.

[0064] Designers can adjust the setting of positive electrode 4 and negative electrode 5 according to usage needs, and no specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0065] In one feasible embodiment, the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are first prepared and shaped using conductive materials and then pasted onto the insulating layer 3.

[0066] In another feasible embodiment, a positive electrode 4 and a negative electrode 5 are formed on the insulating layer 3 by photomask deposition.

[0067] The designers can adjust the specific thicknesses of the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 according to the usage requirements, and no specific limitations are imposed here. Preferably, the thicknesses of the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are 80μm-120μm.

[0068] Furthermore, designers can adjust the connection method between the positive electrode 4, the negative electrode 5 and the energy storage device 8 according to the needs of use, without making specific restrictions here.

[0069] In one feasible embodiment, a wire is provided passing through the insulating layer 3 and the first tube 1, and the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are electrically connected to the energy storage device 8 through the wire.

[0070] In another feasible embodiment, a circuit board is pre-embedded in the first tube 1. The side of the circuit board facing the channel 11 is provided with pins and connected to the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 respectively through wires. The side of the circuit board facing the accommodating space 12 is provided with pins and connected to the energy storage device 8 through wires.

[0071] In embodiments of the present invention, the conductor may be covered with flame-retardant and explosion-proof materials, and no specific limitations are imposed here.

[0072] In an embodiment of the present invention, multiple positive electrodes 4 and multiple negative electrodes 5 are provided, and the multiple positive electrodes 4 and multiple negative electrodes 5 are arranged alternately and sequentially along the axial direction of the first tube 1. Multiple first nanomaterial layers 6 and multiple second nanomaterial layers 7 are provided, each first nanomaterial layer 6 covers at least one positive electrode 4, and each second nanomaterial layer 7 covers at least one negative electrode 5.

[0073] Specifically, there are multiple first nanomaterial layers 6 and multiple second nanomaterial layers 7, and the multiple first nanomaterial layers 6 and multiple second nanomaterial layers 7 are arranged alternately along the first direction 111.

[0074] Furthermore, each first nanomaterial layer 6 covers at least one positive electrode 4, and each second nanomaterial layer 7 covers at least one negative electrode 5. That is, each first nanomaterial layer 6 may cover one, two, three or more positive electrodes 4, and each second nanomaterial layer 7 may cover one, two, three or more negative electrodes 5, without specific limitations.

[0075] In one feasible embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, a plurality of first nanomaterial layers 6 and a plurality of second nanomaterial layers 7 are arranged in a cross pattern along a first direction 111, and each first nanomaterial layer 6 covers a positive electrode 4 and each second nanomaterial layer 7 covers a negative electrode 5.

[0076] Furthermore, along the first direction 111, the length of the positive electrode 4 is smaller than the length of the first nanomaterial layer 6, and the length of the negative electrode 5 is smaller than the length of the second nanomaterial layer 7.

[0077] Furthermore, along the first direction 111, the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are spaced apart and have a spacing S, where S≥5cm.

[0078] In one specific embodiment, the length of the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 is 25cm, the length of the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 is 20cm, the distance between the edge of the positive electrode 4 and the edge of the first nanomaterial layer 6 is 2.5cm, and the distance between the edge of the negative electrode 5 and the edge of the second nanomaterial layer 7 is 2.5cm, thereby forming a 5cm interval between adjacent positive electrodes 4 and negative electrodes 5.

[0079] In an embodiment of the present invention, a first nanomaterial layer 6 and a second nanomaterial layer 7 are disposed on an insulating layer 3, the first nanomaterial layer 6 covers the positive electrode 4, and the second nanomaterial layer 7 covers the negative electrode 5.

[0080] Designers may adjust the specific materials of the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 according to the needs of use, without making specific restrictions here.

[0081] Preferably, the first nanomaterial layer 6 and / or the second nanomaterial layer 7 are made of at least one of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), nano-copper (CU), nano-aluminum (Al), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide nylon (PA6.6), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0082] In embodiments of the present invention, designers may adjust the specific arrangement of the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 according to usage needs, without making specific limitations.

[0083] In one feasible embodiment, the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 can be pre-formed and then respectively pasted onto the insulating layer 3 after the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are set, so as to cover the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 respectively.

[0084] In another feasible embodiment, after the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are set, the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 are respectively deposited on the surface of the insulating layer 3 to cover the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 respectively.

[0085] In embodiments of the present invention, the designer may adjust the specific thickness of the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 according to the needs of use, and no specific limitation is made here. Preferably, the thickness of the first nanomaterial layer 6 and / or the second nanomaterial layer 7 is 2 mm to 5 mm.

[0086] To avoid short circuits, in one feasible embodiment of the present invention, the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 are made of different nanomaterials.

[0087] Specifically, the first nanomaterial layer 6 is made of at least one of polyether ether ketone (PEEK), nano copper (CU), nano aluminum (Al), polycarbonate (PC), or polyamide nylon (PA6.6); the second nanomaterial layer 7 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0088] To avoid short circuits, in another feasible embodiment of the present invention, an insulating separator 31 is provided between adjacent first nanomaterial layer 6 and second nanomaterial layer 7.

[0089] Specifically, the insulating isolation element 31 is disposed on the insulating layer 3 and placed between the adjacent first nanomaterial layer 6 and second nanomaterial layer 7, thereby insulating and isolating the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7.

[0090] The adjacent first nanomaterial layer 6 and second nanomaterial layer 7 are physically isolated by means of insulating separator 31, so that short circuit will not occur whether the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 are made of the same material or different materials, thus having better safety in use.

[0091] Designers can adjust the specific material of the insulating element 31 according to the application requirements, and no specific restrictions are imposed here. Preferably, the insulating element 31 is made of at least one of Al2O3, quartz glass, ceramic, and PTFE.

[0092] In embodiments of the present invention, the insulating insulating member 31 may be integrally formed with the insulating layer 3, or it may be connected to the insulating layer 3 after the insulating layer 3 has been formed.

[0093] Furthermore, the insulating isolation component 31 can serve as a positioning mold, and the installation position of the first nanomaterial layer 6 or the second nanomaterial layer 7 can be formed between two adjacent insulating isolation components 31 to facilitate processing and manufacturing.

[0094] When an insulating insulating element 31 is provided, the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 can be made of the same nanomaterial.

[0095] For example, the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 are made of at least one of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), nano-copper (CU), nano-aluminum (Al), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide nylon (PA6.6), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0096] When an insulating insulating element 31 is provided, the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 can also be made of different nanomaterials.

[0097] For example, the first nanomaterial layer 6 is made of at least one of polyether ether ketone (PEEK), nano copper (CU), nano aluminum (Al), polycarbonate (PC) or polyamide nylon (PA6.6); the second nanomaterial layer 7 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0098] This invention is based on the principle of charge contact transfer of nanomaterials. It utilizes the fluid in the downhole tubing 1000 to induce friction in the nanomaterial layer to generate microcurrents. These microcurrents are captured by several positive electrodes 4 and several negative electrodes 5. The charge is then collected by the voltage stabilizing and rectifying module 81 and sent to the energy storage device 8 to replenish the power lost by the energy storage device 8, extend the power supply time, and achieve long-term power supply.

[0099] In embodiments of the present invention, designers can adjust the electrical connection between the multiple positive electrodes 4, the multiple negative electrodes 5 and the energy storage device 8 according to the needs of use, such as in parallel or in series, as long as charging can be achieved, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0100] In one feasible embodiment, a plurality of positive electrodes 4 are arranged in parallel; and / or, a plurality of negative electrodes 5 are arranged in parallel. Preferably, the plurality of positive electrodes 4 are arranged in parallel, and the plurality of negative electrodes 5 are arranged in parallel. By arranging the plurality of positive electrodes 4 and the plurality of negative electrodes 5 in parallel, the current is captured, collected, and multiplied before being electrically connected to the energy storage device 8.

[0101] In another feasible embodiment, the plurality of positive electrodes 4 are arranged in series; and / or, the plurality of negative electrodes 5 are arranged in series. Specifically, the plurality of positive electrodes 4 are arranged in series; and the plurality of negative electrodes 5 are arranged in series. By arranging the plurality of positive electrodes 4 in series and the plurality of negative electrodes 5 in series, the difficulty of electrical connection is reduced.

[0102] In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating layer 3 covers the inner wall of the first tube 1. Designers can adjust the specific material and arrangement of the insulating layer 3 according to usage requirements, and no specific limitations are made herein. For example, the insulating layer 3 is made of at least one of Al₂O₃, quartz glass, ceramic, and PTFE.

[0103] Preferably, the insulating layer 3 is formed on the inner wall of the first tube 1 by spraying or coating, or it is first made into a tube shape and then installed into the first tube 1.

[0104] More preferably, the thickness of the insulating layer 3 is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. For example, in one feasible embodiment, the insulating layer 3 is set to 0.5 mm. In another feasible embodiment, the insulating layer 3 is set to 1 mm. In yet another feasible embodiment, the insulating layer 3 is set to 1.5 mm.

[0105] In one feasible embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode 4, the negative electrode 5, the first nanomaterial layer 6, and the second nanomaterial layer 7 are all constructed as a ring structure with the first axis 112 as the axis.

[0106] In another feasible embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode 4, the negative electrode 5, the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 may also be constructed in other shapes attached to the insulating layer 3, such as rectangle, open ring, pentagon, hexagon, etc., without specific limitations.

[0107] In an embodiment of the present invention, a first recess 61 is provided on the end face of the first nanomaterial layer 6 facing away from the insulating layer 3.

[0108] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a first recessed portion 61 is provided on the end face of the first nanomaterial layer 6 facing away from the insulating layer 3, and the first recessed portion 61 is recessed in the direction toward the insulating layer 3.

[0109] Because the first recess 61 is formed by recessing from the surface of the first nanomaterial layer 6, rather than protruding, it not only has a turbulent effect that transforms laminar flow into turbulent flow, increasing the friction on the surface of the first nanomaterial layer 6, but also makes it easier for fluid to form eddies at the boundary of the first recess 61 when passing through it. This vortex causes the fluid to adhere to the surface of the nanomaterial, thereby continuously stimulating the surface of the nanomaterial through friction. By setting the first recess 61, the steady-state fluid can be disturbed, thereby increasing the frictional vibration and the duration of action, and significantly increasing the amount of charge generated.

[0110] Furthermore, the inwardly recessed first recess 61 will not protrude from the surface of the first nanomaterial layer 6, thus not affecting the passage of the channel 11 of the first tube body 1, and avoiding obstruction when performing operations such as unblocking inside the oil pipe 1000.

[0111] Designers may adjust the shape and structure of the first recess 61 according to the needs of use, without making specific restrictions here.

[0112] In one feasible embodiment, the first recess 61 includes a plurality of first grooves spaced apart on the surface of the first nanomaterial layer 6. For example, as Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the first groove is a hexagonal groove.

[0113] Of course, in other feasible embodiments, designers may adjust the shape and structure of the first recess 61 according to the needs of use, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0114] For example, the edge shape of the first groove can also be a polygon or irregular shape such as a triangle, quadrilateral, pentagon, or heptagon. Or, as... Figure 5In the embodiment shown, the edge shape of the first groove can also be circular or elliptical.

[0115] In another feasible embodiment, such as Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the first recess 61 includes a first threaded groove centered on the axis of the first tube body 1. Specifically, the first threaded groove forms a large angle with the first direction 111, for example, 75°-90°. When the fluid flows along the first direction 111, it will be repeatedly disturbed by the first threaded groove to form turbulence. At the same time, a portion of the fluid may also flow within the first threaded groove, further impacting the fluid flowing along the first direction 111, thereby causing greater friction and vibration effects on the nanomaterial and significantly increasing the charge.

[0116] In an embodiment of the present invention, a second recess is provided on the end face of the second nanomaterial layer 7 facing away from the insulating layer 3. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the second nanomaterial layer 7 has a second recess on the end face away from the insulating layer 3, and the second recess is recessed in the direction toward the insulating layer 3.

[0117] Because the second recess is formed from the surface of the second nanomaterial layer 7, rather than as a protrusion, it not only transforms laminar flow into turbulent flow, increasing friction on the surface of the second nanomaterial layer 7, but also makes it easier for fluid to form eddies at the boundary of the second recess. This vortex causes the fluid to adhere to the surface of the nanomaterial, thus continuously stimulating the surface of the nanomaterial through friction. By setting the second recess, the steady-state fluid can be disturbed, thereby increasing the frictional vibration and its duration, and significantly increasing the amount of charge generated.

[0118] Furthermore, the inwardly recessed second recess will not protrude from the surface of the second nanomaterial layer 7, thus not affecting the passageway 11 of the first tube 1 and avoiding obstruction during operations such as unblocking inside the oil pipe 1000. Designers can adjust the shape and structure of the second recess according to usage needs, without specific limitations.

[0119] In one feasible embodiment, the second recess includes a plurality of second grooves spaced apart on the surface of the second nanomaterial layer 7. For example, as Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the second groove is a hexagonal groove.

[0120] Of course, in other feasible embodiments, designers may adjust the shape and structure of the second recess according to the needs of use, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0121] For example, the edge shape of the second groove can also be a polygon or irregular shape such as a triangle, quadrilateral, pentagon, or heptagon. Alternatively, the edge shape of the second groove can also be a circle or an ellipse.

[0122] In another feasible embodiment, the second recess includes a second threaded groove centered on the axis of the first tube body 1. The second threaded groove may be continuous with the first threaded groove, or it may be discontinuous with the first threaded groove; no specific limitation is made here.

[0123] Specifically, the second threaded groove forms a large angle with the first direction 111, for example, 75°-90°. When the fluid flows along the first direction 111, it will be disturbed multiple times by the second threaded groove to form turbulence. At the same time, some fluid may also flow in the second threaded groove, which will impact the fluid flowing along the first direction 111 again, thereby causing greater friction and vibration effects on the nanomaterial and significantly increasing the charge.

[0124] Downhole tubing 1000 typically contains a multiphase fluid including oil, gas, water, or other impurities, but occasionally a single-phase fluid may also be present. Multiphase fluids generate greater frictional vibrations, while single-phase fluids generate relatively smaller ones, leading to unstable charge generation. To address this, the inventors improved the surface of the nanomaterial layers by creating a first recess 61 on the surface of the first nanomaterial layer 6 and a second recess (not shown in the figure) on the surface of the second nanomaterial layer 7. The first and second recesses disturb the fluid, creating turbulence and increasing the friction on the nanomaterial layer surface, thereby increasing the charge generation.

[0125] Implementation Method 2

[0126] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a long-term downhole power supply device 2000. This device includes a downhole power generation structure as described in Embodiment 1, a second pipe body 2, and an energy storage device 8. The second pipe body 2 is sleeved outside the first pipe body 1 of the downhole power generation structure, and a receiving space 12 is formed between the second pipe body 2 and the first pipe body 1. The energy storage device 8 is disposed in the receiving space 12 and electrically connected to the electrode assembly of the downhole power generation structure. The specific structure, working principle, and beneficial effects of this downhole power generation structure are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0127] In an embodiment of the present invention, the downhole long-term power supply device 2000 is approximately cylindrical in shape and is installed in the passage of the tubing 1000. The outer diameter of the downhole long-term power supply device 2000 is approximately equal to the outer diameter of the tubing 1000, or the difference between the outer diameter of the downhole long-term power supply device 2000 and the outer diameter of the tubing 1000 is no more than 5 mm, so as not to affect the lowering or removal of the tubing 1000 from the wellbore.

[0128] In an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the first tube 1 is greater than the length of the second tube 2. The outer surface of the first tube 1 is recessed toward the first axis 112 to form a first-stage sink 121 and a second-stage sink 122 located at both ends of the first-stage sink 121. The depth of the first-stage sink 121 is greater than the depth of the second-stage sink 122. When the second tube 2 is sleeved on the surface of the first tube 1, the two ends of the second tube 2 are fitted and sealed to the second-stage sink 122, and the first-stage sink 121 is covered to form a sealed accommodating space 12.

[0129] In an embodiment of the present invention, internal threads are provided at both ends of the first pipe body 1 to form connecting female heads 13, so as to be connected to the upstream and downstream pipes by threaded sealing.

[0130] In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating layer 3 covers the inner wall of the first tube 1. Furthermore, the insulating layer 3 extends to both ends of the first tube 1 and covers the inner wall of the connecting female connector 13.

[0131] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the downhole long-term power supply device 2000 also includes a flow-disrupting pipe body 9, which is located at the upstream end of the first pipe body 1. The flow-disrupting pipe body 9 includes an enlarged diameter section and two connecting pipe sections 92 located at both ends of the enlarged diameter section. The two connecting pipe sections 92 are used to connect the oil pipe 1000 and the first pipe body 1, respectively.

[0132] Specifically, one connecting pipe section 92 connects to oil pipe 1000, and the other connecting pipe section 92 connects to the second pipe body 2. For example... Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the embodiment shown, the external surface of the connecting pipe section 92 is threaded and sealed with the connecting nut of the second pipe body 2. Furthermore, an insulating material is coated on the external threaded surface of the connecting pipe section 92.

[0133] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 8 In the embodiment shown, the inner wall of the enlarged section includes a first inclined surface 911, a connecting surface 912, and a second inclined surface 913 arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the fluid in the first pipe body 1. The slope of the first inclined surface 911 is less than the slope of the second inclined surface 913.

[0134] The first inclined surface 911 is used to guide the fluid into the neck section 91. The connecting surface 912 is a larger diameter section that forms a buffer space. The second inclined surface 913 blocks the fluid, causing the fluid to flow back into the buffer space to form a vortex and flow out. This allows the fluid to be fully disturbed and form turbulence before entering the second tube 2, which increases the frictional vibration between the fluid and the nanomaterial layer, thereby increasing the amount of charge.

[0135] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first inclined surface 911 and the connecting surface 912 have a first included angle α, 110° < α < 180°; and / or, the second inclined surface 913 and the connecting surface 912 have a second included angle b, 70° < b < 110°.

[0136] Preferably, the first inclined surface 911 and the connecting surface 912 have a first included angle α, where 110° < α < 180°; and the second inclined surface 913 and the connecting surface 912 have a second included angle b, where 70° < b < 110°.

[0137] By controlling the size of the first included angle α, the first inclined surface 911 forms a smooth transition between the inner wall of the connecting pipe section 92 and the connecting surface 912, thus guiding the fluid in. Furthermore, by controlling the size of the second included angle b, the second included angle b facilitates fluid swirling at this point, resulting in a better turbulence effect.

[0138] Furthermore, the second included angle formed by the second inclined surface 913 and the connecting surface 912 is rounded, and the connection between the second inclined surface 913 and the inner wall of the connecting pipe section 92 is also rounded, thereby avoiding erosion and stress concentration and ensuring the pressure resistance and torsion resistance of the turbulence pipe body 9.

[0139] In an embodiment of the present invention, along the axial direction of the first pipe body 1, neither the first nanomaterial layer 6 nor the second nanomaterial layer 7 of the downhole power generation structure extends beyond the inner wall of the connecting pipe section 92.

[0140] Specifically, the inner wall of the connecting pipe section 92 extends beyond the inner wall of the first pipe body 1 in the direction of the first axis 112, and the inner wall of the connecting pipe section 92 forms a height difference with the inner wall of the first pipe body 1, so that the surface of the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the surface of the second nanomaterial layer 7 do not extend beyond the inner wall of the connecting pipe section 92, thereby protecting the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 and preventing the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7 from peeling and flaking off due to pressure and fluid erosion.

[0141] In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating layer 3, the first nanomaterial layer 6, and the second nanomaterial layer 7 all extend to the stepped surface 131 of the connecting female head 13 of the first tube body 1. The turbulence tube body 9 is fitted to the connecting female head 13 and presses against the stepped surface 131, thereby further preventing the ends of the insulating layer 3 and the nanomaterial layer from being eroded and peeling off.

[0142] In an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage device 8 includes a voltage regulator and rectifier module 81, an energy storage module 82, and a power management module 83 connected in sequence. The voltage regulator and rectifier module 81 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly of the downhole power generation structure.

[0143] Specifically, the voltage regulator and rectifier module 81, the energy storage module 82, and the power management module 83 are all located in the accommodating space 12 between the first tube body 1 and the second tube body 2.

[0144] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are electrically connected to the voltage regulator and rectifier module 81 in the energy storage device 8. The voltage regulator and rectifier module 81, the energy storage module 82 and the power management module 83 are connected in sequence to form a charging circuit.

[0145] When the fluid in the oil pipe 1000 passes through the channel 11, the first nanomaterial layer 6 generates a positive charge through friction with the fluid and transfers it to the positive electrode 4. The second nanomaterial layer 7 generates a negative charge through friction with the fluid and transfers it to the negative electrode 5. The positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 transfer the charge through a charging circuit to a voltage regulator and rectifier. After voltage regulation and rectification, the charge charges the energy storage device 8. The electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 8 is used to supply the load. The power management module 83 is used to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage device 8. The load includes, but is not limited to, the various sensors installed on the oil pipe 1000.

[0146] In embodiments of the present invention, the energy storage module 82 includes a secondary battery or a capacitor. Designers can determine the specific type of energy storage module 82 according to usage requirements, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0147] In one feasible embodiment, the energy storage module 82 includes a secondary battery. Preferably, the secondary battery includes a high-temperature resistant battery such as a ternary lithium battery or a lithium iron phosphate battery.

[0148] Among them, ternary lithium batteries can maintain stable performance at high temperatures, with a peak electrothermal temperature of 350℃-500℃. Under high temperature conditions, their chemical properties become more stable, ensuring the normal operation of the battery.

[0149] High-temperature resistant lithium iron phosphate battery packs are generally divided into five levels: 100℃, 125℃, 150℃, 175℃, and above 200℃. Different levels of high-temperature resistant lithium iron phosphate batteries can be selected according to the actual temperature.

[0150] In another feasible embodiment, the energy storage module 82 includes a capacitor. Preferably, the capacitor is a high-temperature resistant supercapacitor, such as a tantalum capacitor, an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, or a ceramic capacitor.

[0151] In the technical solution of the present invention, by utilizing the fluid flowing through the first tube 1 to cause frictional vibration of the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the second nanomaterial layer 7, a voltage difference is generated between the positive electrode 4 in the first nanomaterial layer 6 and the negative electrode 5 in the second nanomaterial layer 7. A current is generated between the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 and charges the energy storage device 8, thereby increasing the power of the energy storage device 8 and realizing the function of long-term energy supply.

[0152] Furthermore, in the technical solution of this invention, the triboelectric charging between the fluid and the nanomaterial layer is not true hard friction, but rather a slight contact or bump generated by the disturbance of the fluid, which can greatly reduce material wear. Therefore, the technical solution of this invention is not only less affected by space and temperature, but also has high durability.

[0153] To better monitor the power, voltage, current, and other operating conditions of the energy storage device 8, in this embodiment of the invention, the energy storage device 8 also includes a wireless transmission device (not shown in the figure). Designers can adjust the specific model and structure of the wireless transmission device according to usage needs, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0154] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the female connector 13 has a mounting hole 132, which connects the accommodating space 12 and the external space of the oil pipe 1000. The inner wall of the mounting hole 132 is coated with insulating material. A wireless transmission device is installed inside the mounting hole 132 and is electrically connected to the power management module 83 to transmit information such as the power, voltage, and current of the energy storage device 8 to the ground.

[0155] The insulating material on the turbulence tube 9 and the insulating layer 3 of the first tube 1 also serve to insulate and isolate the oil pipe 1000 and the first tube 1, preventing the oil pipe 1000, which is made of metal, from affecting the propagation of wireless signals.

[0156] All articles and references disclosed herein, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for various purposes. The term “substantially constitutes…” used to describe a combination should include the identified element, component, part, or step, as well as other elements, components, parts, or steps that do not substantially affect the essential novelty of the combination. The use of the terms “comprising” or “including” to describe combinations of elements, components, parts, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments substantially constituted by such elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of the term “may” herein is intended to indicate that any described attribute “may” include is optional. Multiple elements, components, parts, or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part, or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part, or step can be divided into multiple separate elements, components, parts, or steps. The disclosure of “a” or “an” used to describe an element, component, part, or step does not imply exclusion of other elements, components, parts, or steps.

[0157] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole power generation structure, characterized in that, include: The first pipe body is used to connect the passage of the oil pipe; An insulating layer is disposed on the inner wall of the first tube body; An electrode assembly for electrically connecting an energy storage device, the electrode assembly comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode spaced apart on the insulating layer; A power generation component is disposed on the insulating layer. The power generation component includes a first nanomaterial layer covering the positive electrode and a second nanomaterial layer covering the negative electrode. The first nanomaterial layer is used to generate positive charge through friction with the fluid in the first tube and transfer it to the positive electrode. The second nanomaterial layer is used to generate negative charge through friction with the fluid in the first tube and transfer it to the negative electrode.

2. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes are provided, and the multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes are arranged alternately and sequentially along the axial direction of the first tube. Multiple first nanomaterial layers and multiple second nanomaterial layers are provided, and each first nanomaterial layer covers at least one positive electrode and each second nanomaterial layer covers at least one negative electrode.

3. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of positive electrodes are arranged in parallel; and / or, the plurality of negative electrodes are arranged in parallel.

4. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating layer is made of at least one of AL2O3, quartz glass, ceramic, and PTFE.

5. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the insulating layer is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.

6. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first nanomaterial layer and / or the second nanomaterial layer are made of at least one of polyetheretherketone, nano copper, nano aluminum, polycarbonate, polyamide nylon, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

7. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, An insulating separator is provided between adjacent first nanomaterial layers and second nanomaterial layers.

8. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The insulating element is made of at least one of AL2O3, quartz glass, ceramic, and PTFE.

9. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the first nanomaterial layer and / or the second nanomaterial layer is 2 mm to 5 mm.

10. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first nanomaterial layer has a first recess on the end face away from the insulating layer.

11. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The first recess includes a plurality of first grooves spaced apart on the surface of the first nanomaterial layer; or, the first recess includes a threaded groove centered on the axis of the first tube.

12. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second nanomaterial layer has a second recess on the end face away from the insulating layer.

13. The downhole power generation structure as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The second recess includes a plurality of second grooves spaced apart on the surface of the second nanomaterial layer; or, the second recess includes a threaded groove centered on the axis of the first tube.

14. A long-term downhole power supply device, characterized in that, The device includes a downhole power generation structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, a second pipe body, and an energy storage device. The second pipe body is sleeved on the outside of the first pipe body of the downhole power generation structure, and an accommodating space is formed between the second pipe body and the first pipe body. The energy storage device is disposed in the accommodating space and electrically connected to the electrode assembly of the downhole power generation structure.

15. The long-term downhole power supply device as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The downhole long-term power supply device also includes a flow-disrupting pipe body, which is located at the upstream end of the first pipe body. The flow-disrupting pipe body includes an enlarged diameter section and two connecting pipe sections located at both ends of the enlarged diameter section. The two connecting pipe sections are used to connect the oil pipe and the first pipe body, respectively.

16. The long-term downhole power supply device as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The inner wall of the expanded section includes a first inclined surface, a connecting surface, and a second inclined surface arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the fluid in the first pipe body, wherein the slope of the first inclined surface is less than the slope of the second inclined surface.

17. The long-term downhole power supply device as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The first inclined plane and the connecting surface have a first included angle α, 110° < α < 180°; and / or, the second inclined plane and the connecting surface have a second included angle b, 70° < b < 110°.

18. The long-term downhole power supply device as described in claim 15, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the first pipe body, neither the first nanomaterial layer nor the second nanomaterial layer of the downhole power generation structure extends beyond the inner wall of the connecting pipe section.

19. The long-term downhole power supply device as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes a voltage regulator and rectifier module, an energy storage module, and a power management module that are connected in sequence. The voltage regulator and rectifier module is electrically connected to the electrode assembly of the downhole power generation structure.

20. The long-term downhole power supply device as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The energy storage module includes a secondary battery or a capacitor.

Images