A kind of ultrahigh altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device and its diagnostic method

Abstract

The application relates to an ultrahigh-altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnosis device and a diagnosis method thereof, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnosis. The device comprises a working chamber and a connecting half cylinder. An edge calculation unit, a multi-sensor integrated module and a communication interface are arranged in the working chamber. A connecting hole is arranged on the side wall of the working chamber. The connecting half cylinder is arranged on the working chamber. The connecting half cylinder comprises a filter plate and a sealing plate. The filter plate is arranged on the working chamber and can cover the connecting hole. The sealing plate is fixed on one side of the filter plate. A driving assembly is arranged on the working chamber and connected with the filter plate, and is used for driving the sealing plate to block the connecting hole. The application has the effect of controlling the opening and closing of the connecting hole according to the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnosis, and in particular to a device and method for diagnosing the power generation efficiency of ultra-high altitude photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of energy demand and the increasing emphasis on clean energy, photovoltaic (PV) power generation, as a sustainable energy solution, has received widespread attention. Especially in ultra-high altitude regions, abundant sunshine and favorable conditions for PV power generation have led to the development of the PV industry. As the core component of a PV power generation system, the power generation efficiency of PV modules directly affects the performance and economic benefits of the entire system. Therefore, accurate diagnosis of PV module power generation efficiency is of great significance. This not only helps to identify problems with PV modules in a timely manner, ensuring the stable operation of the power generation system, but also provides a strong basis for the operation and maintenance management of PV power plants, promoting the healthy development of the PV industry.

[0003] In existing technologies, the diagnosis of photovoltaic (PV) module power generation efficiency typically involves data acquisition using a single sensor, such as an electrical parameter acquisition device to obtain information like voltage and current. Alternatively, a remote monitoring system can be used to transmit the collected data to a monitoring center via wired communication for analysis. Other methods involve testing PV modules in a laboratory environment, simulating different operating conditions to evaluate their power generation efficiency.

[0004] However, in order to ensure the normal use of the laboratory, there are always-open ventilation holes on the side wall of the laboratory. In severe weather, these ventilation holes can easily affect the equipment inside the laboratory, so this needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issue of constantly open ventilation openings making the equipment susceptible to damage in severe weather, this application provides a diagnostic device and method for the power generation efficiency of ultra-high altitude photovoltaic modules.

[0006] Firstly, the ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A high-altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device includes a working chamber and a connecting half-cylinder. The working chamber is equipped with an edge computing unit, a multi-sensor integrated module, and a communication interface. A connection hole is provided on the side wall of the working chamber. The connecting half-cylinder is disposed on the working chamber and includes a filter plate and a sealing plate. The filter plate is disposed on the working chamber and can cover the connection hole. The sealing plate is fixed to one side of the filter plate. A driving component is provided on the working chamber and is connected to the filter plate to drive the sealing plate to block the connection hole.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the edge computing unit, as the core processing unit, integrates a high-performance processor and dedicated memory, which can be used to deploy diagnostic algorithms; the multi-sensor integrated module includes a high-precision weather station, an electrical parameter acquisition unit, and an infrared thermal imager. The high-precision weather station can monitor irradiance, temperature, wind speed, etc., the electrical parameter acquisition unit can read component voltage and current in real time, and the infrared thermal imager can detect local hot spots; the communication interface supports industrial Ethernet or wireless protocols to realize data interaction with the monitoring system.

[0008] Initially, the filter plate covers the connection hole, forcing outside air to pass through the pores in the filter plate to reach the connection hole before entering the working chamber. As the air passes through the filter plate, larger diameter impurities cannot pass through the pores, thus preventing them from entering the working chamber and affecting its normal operation. In rainy weather, the drive assembly is activated, causing the connecting half-cylinder to rotate. This moves the sealing plate to block the connection hole, closing it and preventing rainwater from entering the working chamber, thus preventing water ingress and extending the equipment's lifespan.

[0009] Optionally, a rotating rod is coaxially fixed on the end wall of the connecting half-cylinder, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the working chamber. The driving assembly includes a rotating gear and a rotating rack. The rotating gear is coaxially sleeved on one end of the rotating rod and is fixed to the rotating rod. The rotating rack is slidably connected to the working chamber and meshes with the rotating gear.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the rotating rack slides, it drives the rotating rod to rotate through meshing with the rotating gear, thereby causing the connecting half-cylinder to rotate, so as to realize the sealing plate blocking the connecting hole or the filter plate covering the connecting hole, thus realizing the switching of opening and closing the connecting hole.

[0011] Optionally, a control assembly is provided on the side wall of the chamber. The control assembly includes a control box, a sponge, and a coil spring. The control box is located above the connecting half-cylinder and has an opening at the top. The sponge is placed in the control box. One end of the rotating rack is connected to the sponge. When the sponge absorbs water and moves downward, it drives the sealing plate to seal the connecting hole. The coil spring is located on the end of the rotating rod away from the rotating gear and is embedded in the chamber. The coil spring is used to drive the filter plate to cover the connecting hole.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, during rain, especially heavy rain, a large amount of rainwater enters the control box, causing the sponge to absorb water and increase in weight. This causes the sponge to move downwards, driving the rotating rack to slide. At this time, the weight of the sponge can overcome the restoring force of the coil spring, keeping the coil spring in a taut state. This causes the rotating rod to rotate until it drives the sealing plate to block the connection hole, thus automatically closing the connection hole during heavy rain. During light rain or sunny days, when the sponge has less moisture, the spring force causes the rotating rod to rotate in the opposite direction, and the filter plate re-covers the connection hole, allowing the connection hole to automatically open during sunny days or light rain.

[0013] Optionally, the top of the control box is provided with a baffle plate, which passes through the side wall of the working chamber and can move on the working chamber. The top of the baffle plate is located above the control box, and the bottom of the baffle plate is located inside the working chamber. A push plate is provided on the side of the filter plate away from the sealing plate. The push plate abuts against the side wall of the baffle plate. The push plate rotates to drive the baffle plate to move.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, in the initial state, the push plate is located below the control box, and the filter plate covers the connection hole, which is in the open state. During rainy weather, the sponge drives the connecting half-cylinder to rotate, causing the sealing plate to rotate and block the connection hole. During this process, the push plate passes through the connection hole and rotates into the working chamber. As the push plate enters the working chamber, the bottom end of the push plate against the baffle moves upwards, causing the baffle to slide on the working chamber surface. Meanwhile, the top end of the baffle moves downwards, blocking the opening at the top of the control box, thus reducing the size of the opening and decreasing the amount of rainwater entering the control box. Optionally, the bottom opening of the control box is blocked by the push plate, and a water storage box is provided on the inner wall of the working chamber. The top opening of the water storage box is connected to the connection hole. When the filter plate covers the connection hole, the sealing plate is located in the working chamber and covers the top opening of the water storage box.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when rainwater enters the control box, the sponge absorbs water and becomes heavy, driving the connecting half-cylinder to rotate. This causes the sealing plate to seal the connection hole. At this time, the filter plate moves from the side to the top, that is, to the bottom opening of the control box. As rainwater continuously enters the control box, the sponge cannot absorb it, so the rainwater passes through the sponge to the bottom of the control box, and then flows out of the control box through the holes in the filter plate, allowing the rainwater in the control box to be discharged in a timely manner.

[0016] Rainwater passing through the filter plate falls into the connecting half-cylinder. The inner wall of the sealing plate then guides the rainwater, facilitating its flow into the storage box for storage, thus achieving recycling and reducing resource waste. Furthermore, as the rainwater passes through the sponge, the sponge also acts as a filter, allowing cleaner rainwater to enter the storage box.

[0017] When the filter plate covers the connection hole, the push plate is located at the bottom of the control box, blocking the bottom opening of the control box. When the connecting half-cylinder rotates, the filter plate moves to the bottom of the control box along with the push plate, so that the bottom opening of the control box is always blocked, thus preventing impurities in the control box from falling out of the control box.

[0018] After the gas outside the chamber passes through the filter plate, it enters the chamber through the connection hole and the gap between the sealing plate and the push plate. At this time, the sealing plate is located in the chamber and blocks the opening of the water storage box to prevent dust and other impurities in the gas from entering the water storage box and to prevent the water in the water storage box from being contaminated.

[0019] Optionally, the control box is provided with a mesh plate, the mesh plate is located at the top of the control box, and the sponge is located below the mesh plate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the mesh plate filters out impurities, making the rainwater entering the control box cleaner. The multiple filtration by the mesh plate, sponge, and filter plate improves the cleanliness of the rainwater flowing out of the control box and finally entering the storage tank.

[0021] Optionally, a movable rod is provided through the side wall of the control box. One end of the movable rod is inserted into the control box and a squeezing plate is fixed thereon. The squeezing plate can abut against the sponge. A return spring is sleeved on the movable rod. The return spring is used to drive the squeezing plate to abut against the inner wall of the control box.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the rain stops, in order to speed up the discharge of the sponge, the moving rod can be pushed to make the squeezing plate squeeze the sponge, and after it is released, the return spring makes the squeezing plate return to the initial position.

[0023] Optionally, the working chamber is provided with a mounting ring, which is sleeved on the working chamber. The mounting ring is provided with a plurality of guide plates, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting plate. The guide plates are rotatably connected to the mounting ring via a rotating shaft. The mounting ring is provided with a rotating component, which is connected to the rotating shaft and is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, in strong winds, the rotating component is activated to drive several guide plates to rotate, causing the guide plates to tilt to match the wind direction and guide the airflow to slide along its surface rather than directly impact it. This reduces the eddy current and negative pressure suction effect and improves the stability of the working chamber structure inside the installation ring.

[0025] Optionally, the rotating assembly includes a rotating gear and a plurality of driven gears. The rotating gear is coaxially fixed on the mounting ring. The plurality of driven gears correspond one-to-one with the rotating shaft. The driven gear is sleeved on the corresponding rotating shaft and fixed to the corresponding rotating shaft. The driven gear meshes with the rotating gear.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, when the rotating gear rotates, it drives the rotating shaft to rotate through meshing with the driven gear, thereby causing several guide plates to rotate synchronously at the same angle, which can regulate the airflow around the working chamber and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment.

[0027] Secondly, this application provides a diagnostic method for an ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device, comprising the following steps: S1. Synchronously collect electrical parameters, environmental variables and image data of photovoltaic modules through a multi-sensor integrated module; S2. In the edge computing unit, feature extraction is performed on the data, including analyzing the distortion features of the current-voltage curve using fast Fourier transform, and identifying hidden cracks or dirt defects in the image using computer vision algorithms. S3. Based on the feature extraction results, calculate the actual power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module and introduce an altitude correction coefficient to correct the influence of thin air; S4. Compare the actual power generation efficiency with the theoretical efficiency under standard test conditions; S5. Adaptive threshold algorithm is used to identify sudden drops in efficiency or defects, and anomaly diagnosis is completed. S6. Upload the diagnostic results to the cloud via the communication interface; S7. The filter plate covers the connection hole, allowing gas to pass through the pores on the filter plate and then enter the working chamber through the connection hole for normal operation of the equipment. In rainy weather, the control components drive the connection half-cylinder to rotate automatically, causing the sealing plate to rotate to block the connection hole, thus achieving automatic closure of the connection hole.

[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. In the initial state, the filter plate covers the connection hole, requiring outside air to pass through the pores on the filter plate to reach the connection hole before entering the working chamber. As the air passes through the filter plate, larger diameter impurities cannot pass through the pores, thus preventing them from entering the working chamber and affecting the normal operation of the equipment. In rainy weather, the drive assembly is activated, causing the connection plate to rotate and move to the position where it seals the connection hole, closing it to prevent rainwater from entering the working chamber, thus preventing water ingress and extending the equipment's lifespan. 2. During rain, especially heavy rain, a large amount of water enters the control box, causing the sponge to absorb water and increase in weight. This causes the sponge to move downwards, sliding the rotating rack. The sponge's weight overcomes the spring's restoring force, keeping the spring taut and causing the rotating rod to rotate until it seals the connection hole with the sealing plate, automatically closing the connection hole during heavy rain. During light rain or sunny weather, the sponge has less moisture, and the spring's force causes the rotating rod to rotate in the opposite direction, re-covering the connection hole with the filter plate, allowing the connection hole to automatically open during sunny weather or light rain. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the studio. Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the control component; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the guide plate and the rotating assembly.

[0030] In the diagram: 10. Working chamber; 11. Connecting hole; 20. Connecting half-cylinder; 21. Filter plate; 211. Push plate; 22. Sealing plate; 30. Drive assembly; 31. Rotating gear; 32. Rotating rack; 40. Rotating rod; 50. Control assembly; 51. Control box; 511. Mesh plate; 52. Sponge; 53. Coil spring; 60. Baffle; 70. Water storage box; 80. Moving rod; 81. Squeezing plate; 82. Return spring; 90. Mounting ring; 120. Guide plate; 121. Rotating shaft; 130. Rotating assembly; 131. Rotating gear; 132. Driven gear. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0032] This application discloses a device for diagnosing the power generation efficiency of ultra-high altitude photovoltaic modules. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device and its diagnostic method include a working chamber 10, a connecting half-cylinder 20 and a drive component 30. A connecting hole 11 is provided through the side wall of the working chamber 10. The connecting half-cylinder 20 is located in the connecting hole 11, and the ends of the two half-cylinders are rotatably connected to the working chamber 10 through a rotating rod 40. The drive component 30 is connected to the connecting half-cylinder 20 and is used to drive the connecting half-cylinder 20 to rotate, thereby opening and closing the connecting hole 11.

[0033] Specifically, Studio 10 includes an edge computing unit, a multi-sensor integration module, and communication interfaces. The edge computing unit, as the core processing unit, integrates a high-performance processor and dedicated memory. The high-performance processor can be a multi-core processor, such as an Intel Xeon series processor, capable of quickly processing complex diagnostic algorithms. The dedicated memory can be a solid-state drive (SSD), characterized by high read and write speeds, used to deploy diagnostic algorithms. The multi-sensor integration module includes a high-precision weather station, an electrical parameter acquisition unit, and an infrared thermal imager. The high-precision weather station can be based on ultrasonic principles, capable of monitoring environmental parameters such as irradiance, temperature, and wind speed. The electrical parameter acquisition unit can be based on the Hall effect, capable of real-time reading of component voltage and current. The infrared thermal imager can be a focal plane array thermal imager, used to detect localized hotspots. The communication interface supports industrial Ethernet or wireless protocols. The industrial Ethernet interface can be an RJ45 interface, and the wireless protocol can be WiFi, LoRa, etc., enabling data interaction with the monitoring system.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The connecting half-cylinder 20 includes a filter plate 21 and a sealing plate 22, both of which are quarter-circle in length. The lengths of the filter plate 21 and the sealing plate 22 are just enough to cover the connecting hole 11 on the side wall of the working chamber 10. The sealing plate 22 is fixed to one side of the filter plate 21. The drive assembly 30 includes a rotating gear 31 and a rotating rack 32. The rotating gear 31 is coaxially sleeved on one end of the rotating rod 40 and fixed to the rotating rod 40. The rotating rack 32 is slidably connected to the working chamber 10 and meshes with the rotating gear 31. When the rotating rack 32 slides, it drives the rotating rod 40 to rotate through meshing with the rotating gear 31, thereby causing the connecting half-cylinder 20 to rotate. This allows the sealing plate 22 to block the connecting hole 11 or the filter plate 21 to cover the connecting hole 11, thus opening the connecting hole 11. To adjust the rotation direction of the rotating gear 31, a gear can be added to the working chamber 10 so that the rotating rack 32 meshes with the gear. The gear and the rotating gear 31 are connected by the gear to adjust the rotation direction of the rotating gear 31.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The control assembly 50 includes a control box 51, a sponge 52, and a coil spring 53. The control box 51 is located above the connecting half-cylinder 20 and has an open top. The control box 51 can be a plastic box, which is corrosion-resistant. The sponge 52 is located in the control box 51. One end of the rotating rack 32 is connected to the sponge 52. When the sponge 52 absorbs water and moves downward, it drives the sealing plate 22 to seal the connection hole 11. The coil spring 53 is located on the end of the rotating rod 40 away from the rotating gear 31 and is embedded in the working chamber 10. The coil spring 53 drives the filter plate 21 to cover the connection hole 11. When it rains, especially during heavy rain, more rainwater enters the control box 51, causing the sponge 52 to absorb water and increase in weight. As it moves downward, it drives the rotating rack 32 to slide. At this time, the weight of the sponge 52 can overcome the restoring elasticity of the coil spring 53, keeping the coil spring 53 in a taut state. This causes the rotating rod 40 to rotate until it drives the sealing plate 22 to seal the connection hole 11, thus achieving automatic closure of the connection hole 11 during heavy rain. When it rains lightly or is sunny, the sponge 52 has less moisture, and the elasticity of the coil spring 53 causes the rotating rod 40 to rotate in the opposite direction. The filter plate 21 then covers the connection hole 11 again, so that the connection hole 11 automatically opens in sunny or light rainy weather.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The top of the control box 51 is provided with a baffle 60, which passes through the side wall of the working chamber 10 and can move on the working chamber 10. The part of the baffle 60 that passes through the working chamber 10 has an arc-shaped structure. The top of the baffle 60 is located above the control box 51, and the bottom of the baffle 60 is located inside the working chamber 10. A push plate 211 is provided on the side of the filter plate 21 away from the sealing plate 22. The push plate 211 abuts against the side wall of the baffle 60. The push plate 211 rotates to drive the baffle 60 to move.

[0037] In the initial state, the push plate 211 is located below the control box 51, and the filter plate 21 covers the connection hole 11, which is open at this time. When it rains, the sponge 52 drives the connecting half-cylinder 20 to rotate, causing the sealing plate 22 to rotate to block the connection hole 11. During this process, the push plate 211 passes through the connection hole 11 and rotates into the working chamber 10. When the push plate 211 enters the working chamber 10, the bottom end of the push plate 211 moves upward at an angle, causing the baffle 60 to slide on the working chamber 10. The top end of the baffle 60 moves downward at an angle, thus blocking the top opening of the control box 51 and making the opening of the control box 51 smaller, thereby reducing the amount of rainwater entering the control box 51.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The control box 51 has a bottom opening, which is sealed by a push plate 211. A water storage box 70 is located on the inner wall of the working chamber 10, with a top opening that connects to a connection hole 11. When the filter plate 21 covers the connection hole 11, the sealing plate 22 is located inside the working chamber 10 and covers the top opening of the water storage box 70. When rainwater enters the control box 51, the sponge 52 absorbs water and becomes heavy, causing the connecting half-cylinder 20 to rotate, thus sealing the connection hole 11 with the sealing plate 22. At this time, the filter plate 21 moves from the side to the top, positioned at the bottom opening of the control box 51. As rainwater continuously enters the control box 51, the sponge 52 cannot absorb it, so the rainwater passes through the sponge 52 to the bottom of the control box 51, and then flows out of the control box 51 through the holes in the filter plate 21, allowing the rainwater in the control box 51 to be discharged in a timely manner.

[0039] Rainwater passing through the filter plate 21 falls into the connecting half-cylinder 20. At this time, the inner wall of the sealing plate 22 acts as a guide, facilitating the flow of rainwater into the water storage box 70 for storage, thereby achieving recycling and reducing resource waste. When rainwater passes through the sponge 52, the sponge 52 also acts as a filter, allowing relatively clean rainwater to enter the water storage box 70 for storage.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the filter plate 21 covers the connection hole 11, the push plate 211 is located at the bottom of the control box 51, blocking the bottom opening of the control box 51. When the connecting half-cylinder 20 rotates, the filter plate 21 moves to the bottom of the control box 51 following the push plate 211, thus ensuring that the bottom opening of the control box 51 is always blocked, preventing impurities in the control box 51 from falling out. After the gas outside the working chamber 10 passes through the filter plate 21, it enters the working chamber 10 through the connection hole 11 and the gap between the sealing plate 22 and the push plate 211. At this time, the sealing plate 22 is located in the working chamber 10 and blocks the opening of the water storage box 70, preventing dust and other impurities in the gas from entering the water storage box 70 and preventing the water in the water storage box 70 from being contaminated.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The control box 51 is equipped with a mesh plate 511, which is located at the top of the control box 51, and a sponge 52 is located below the mesh plate 511. The mesh plate 511 can be a plastic mesh plate, which has the function of filtering impurities, making the rainwater entering the control box 51 relatively clean. Through the multiple filtration of the mesh plate 511, the sponge 52 and the filter plate 21, the cleanliness of the rainwater flowing out of the control box 51 and finally entering the water storage box 70 is improved.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3A movable rod 80 is installed on the side wall of the control box 51. One end of the movable rod 80 is inserted into the control box 51 and a squeezing plate 81 is fixed thereon. The squeezing plate 81 can abut against the sponge 52. A return spring 82 is sleeved on the movable rod 80. The return spring 82 is used to drive the squeezing plate 81 to abut against the inner wall of the control box 51. When the rain stops, in order to speed up the drainage of rainwater from the sponge 52, the movable rod 80 can be pushed to make the squeezing plate 81 squeeze the sponge 52. After releasing, the return spring 82 makes the squeezing plate 81 return to its initial position.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 A mounting ring 90 is fitted onto the working chamber 10. The mounting ring 90 has several guide plates 120 evenly distributed along its circumference. The guide plates 120 are rotatably connected to the mounting ring 90 via a rotating shaft 121. The mounting ring 90 has a rotating assembly 130 connected to the rotating shaft 121, used to drive the rotating shaft 121 to rotate. The rotating assembly 130 includes a rotating gear 131 and several driven gears 132. The rotating gear 131 is coaxially fixed to the mounting ring 90. Each driven gear 132 corresponds to a rotating shaft 121, and each driven gear 132 is fitted onto and fixed to its corresponding rotating shaft 121. The driven gears 132 mesh with the rotating gear 131. The rotation of the rotating gear 131 is driven by a motor.

[0044] When the rotating gear 131 rotates, it drives the rotating shaft 121 to rotate through meshing with the driven gear 132. This causes several guide plates 120 to rotate synchronously at the same angle, which can regulate the airflow around the working chamber 10 and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment. In windy weather, activating the rotating assembly 130 drives several guide plates 120 to rotate, causing the guide plates 120 to tilt to match the wind direction and guide the airflow along their surface rather than directly impacting it. This reduces eddies and negative pressure suction effects, and improves the stability of the working chamber 10 structure within the mounting ring 90.

[0045] The implementation principle of the ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device in this application embodiment is as follows: It comprehensively collects photovoltaic module operation data and environmental data through an edge computing unit and a multi-sensor integrated module, and interacts with the monitoring system via a communication interface to achieve accurate diagnosis of photovoltaic module power generation efficiency. The connecting half-cylinder 20, drive component 30, and control component 50 automatically open and close the connection hole 11 according to weather conditions to prevent rainwater from entering the working chamber 10 and affecting the normal operation of the equipment, while also enabling the storage and utilization of rainwater. The rotating component 130 adjusts the guide plate 120 to cope with strong winds and improve the stability of the equipment.

[0046] This application also discloses a diagnostic method for an ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device, including the following steps: S1. Synchronously collect electrical parameters, environmental variables and image data of photovoltaic modules through a multi-sensor integrated module; S2. In the edge computing unit, feature extraction is performed on the data, including analyzing the distortion features of the current-voltage curve using fast Fourier transform, and identifying hidden cracks or dirt defects in the image using computer vision algorithms. S3. Based on the feature extraction results, calculate the actual power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module and introduce an altitude correction coefficient to correct the influence of thin air; S4. Compare the actual power generation efficiency with the theoretical efficiency under standard test conditions; S5. Adaptive threshold algorithm is used to identify sudden drops in efficiency or defects, and anomaly diagnosis is completed. S6. Upload the diagnostic results to the cloud via the communication interface; S7. The filter plate 21 covers the connection hole 11, allowing gas to pass through the pores on the filter plate 21 and then enter the working chamber 10 through the connection hole 11 for normal operation of the equipment. In rainy weather, the control component 50 drives the connection half cylinder 20 to rotate automatically, causing the sealing plate 22 to rotate to block the connection hole 11, thereby achieving automatic closure of the connection hole 11.

[0047] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A device for diagnosing the power generation efficiency of ultra-high altitude photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, The device includes a working chamber (10) and a connecting half-cylinder (20). The working chamber (10) is equipped with an edge computing unit, a multi-sensor integration module and a communication interface. A connection hole (11) is provided on the side wall of the working chamber (10). The connecting half-cylinder (20) is located on the working chamber (10). The connecting half-cylinder (20) includes a filter plate (21) and a sealing plate (22). The filter plate (21) is located on the working chamber (10) and can cover the connection hole (11). The sealing plate (22) is fixed to one side of the filter plate (21). A driving assembly (30) is provided on the working chamber (10). The driving assembly (30) is connected to the filter plate (21) and is used to drive the sealing plate (22) to block the connection hole (11).

2. The ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotating rod (40) is coaxially fixed on the end wall of the connecting half-cylinder (20). The rotating rod (40) is rotatably connected to the working chamber (10). The driving assembly (30) includes a rotating gear (31) and a rotating rack (32). The rotating gear (31) is coaxially sleeved on one end of the rotating rod (40) and is fixed to the rotating rod (40). The rotating rack (32) is slidably connected to the working chamber (10) and meshes with the rotating gear (31).

3. The ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A control assembly (50) is provided on the side wall of the working chamber (10). The control assembly (50) includes a control box (51), a sponge (52), and a coil spring (53). The control box (51) is located above the connecting half cylinder (20), and the top of the control box (51) is open. The sponge (52) is located in the control box (51). One end of the rotating rack (32) is connected to the sponge (52). When the sponge (52) absorbs water and moves downward, it is used to drive the sealing plate (22) to seal the connecting hole (11). The coil spring (53) is located on the end of the rotating rod (40) away from the rotating gear (31), and the coil spring (53) is embedded in the working chamber (10). The coil spring (53) is used to drive the filter plate (21) to cover the connecting hole (11).

4. The ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the control box (51) is provided with a baffle (60), which passes through the side wall of the working chamber (10) and can move on the working chamber (10). The top of the baffle (60) is located above the control box (51), and the bottom of the baffle (60) is located inside the working chamber (10). A push plate (211) is provided on the side of the filter plate (21) away from the sealing plate (22). The push plate (211) abuts against the side wall of the baffle (60). The push plate (211) rotates to drive the baffle (60) to move.

5. The ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom opening of the control box (51) is blocked by the push plate (211). A water storage box (70) is provided on the inner wall of the working chamber (10). The top opening of the water storage box (70) is connected to the connection hole (11). When the filter plate (21) covers the connection hole (11), the sealing plate (22) is located in the working chamber (10) and covers the top opening of the water storage box (70).

6. The ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control box (51) is provided with a grid plate (511), the grid plate (511) is located at the top of the control box (51), and the sponge (52) is located below the grid plate (511).

7. The ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A movable rod (80) is provided on the side wall of the control box (51). One end of the movable rod (80) is inserted into the control box (51) and a pressing plate (81) is fixed thereon. The pressing plate (81) can abut against the sponge (52). A return spring (82) is sleeved on the movable rod (80). The return spring (82) is used to drive the pressing plate (81) to abut against the inner wall of the control box (51).

8. The ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working chamber (10) is provided with an installation ring (90), which is sleeved on the working chamber (10). The installation ring (90) is provided with a plurality of guide plates (120), which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the installation plate. The guide plates (120) are rotatably connected to the installation ring (90) through a rotating shaft (121). The installation ring (90) is provided with a rotating component (130), which is connected to the rotating shaft (121) and is used to drive the rotating shaft (121) to rotate.

9. The ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rotating assembly (130) includes a rotating gear (131) and a plurality of driven gears (132). The rotating gear (131) is coaxially fixed on the mounting ring (90). The plurality of driven gears (132) correspond one-to-one with the rotating shaft (121). The driven gear (132) is sleeved on the corresponding rotating shaft (121) and fixed to the corresponding rotating shaft (121). The driven gear (132) meshes with the rotating gear (131).

10. A diagnostic method for an ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device, employing the ultra-high altitude photovoltaic module power generation efficiency diagnostic device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Synchronously collect electrical parameters, environmental variables and image data of photovoltaic modules through a multi-sensor integrated module; S2. In the edge computing unit, feature extraction is performed on the data, including analyzing the distortion features of the current-voltage curve using fast Fourier transform, and identifying hidden cracks or dirt defects in the image using computer vision algorithms. S3. Based on the feature extraction results, calculate the actual power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module and introduce an altitude correction coefficient to correct the influence of thin air; S4. Compare the actual power generation efficiency with the theoretical efficiency under standard test conditions; S5. Adaptive threshold algorithm is used to identify sudden drops in efficiency or defects, and anomaly diagnosis is completed. S6. Upload the diagnostic results to the cloud via the communication interface; S7. The filter plate (21) covers the connection hole (11), allowing the gas to pass through the pores on the filter plate (21) and then enter the working chamber (10) through the connection hole (11) for normal operation of the equipment. In rainy weather, the control component (50) drives the connection half cylinder (20) to rotate automatically, so that the sealing plate (22) rotates to block the connection hole (11) and realizes the automatic closing of the connection hole (11).

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