power switch

Abstract

The application provides a power switch, which comprises a switch module, a main switch control module, a trigger and latch module and a self-locking maintenance module; one end of the switch module is grounded, and the other end of the switch module is connected with a first end of the trigger and latch module; a second end of the trigger and latch module is connected with a main power supply, a third end of the trigger and latch module is connected with a first end of the self-locking maintenance module, a fourth end of the trigger and latch module is connected with a first end of the main switch control module, a fifth end of the trigger and latch module is connected with a second end of the main switch control module; a third end of the main switch control module is connected with an external load and outputs a load power supply signal, a fourth end of the main switch control module and a second end of the self-locking maintenance module are both grounded, and a third end of the self-locking maintenance module is used for inputting the load power supply signal. The power consumption of the switch circuit can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of circuit technology, and more specifically, to a power switch. Background Technology

[0002] In miniaturized battery-powered electronic systems such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable devices, the overall power consumption directly determines the device's battery life and user experience. With increasing integration and the growing number of sensors, the power consumption requirements of these systems are becoming increasingly stringent. Switching module circuits, as the core module for power-on and power-off control, are widely used in various electronic devices.

[0003] Existing switching module circuits are integrated power electronic switching circuits, but they still cause significant power loss in standby or power-off states, making it difficult to meet low power consumption requirements.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a switching module circuit that can effectively reduce power consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a power switch that effectively reduces the power consumption of the switching circuit, addressing the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application are as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a power switch, including: a switch module, a main switch control module, a triggering and latching module, and a self-locking maintenance module; One end of the switch module is grounded, and the other end of the switch module is connected to the first end of the trigger and latch module; The second terminal of the trigger and latch module is connected to the main power supply, the third terminal of the trigger and latch module is connected to the first terminal of the self-locking maintenance module, the fourth terminal of the trigger and latch module is connected to the first terminal of the main switch control module, and the fifth terminal of the trigger and latch module is connected to the second terminal of the main switch control module. The third terminal of the main switch control module is connected to an external load and outputs a load power supply signal. The fourth terminal of the main switch control module and the second terminal of the self-locking maintenance module are both grounded. The third terminal of the self-locking maintenance module is used to input a load power supply signal. When the closing time of the switch module is less than a first preset time, both the main switch control module and the trigger and latch module are turned on. The main switch control module supplies power to the load and outputs a high-level load power supply signal to the self-locking maintenance module, so that the self-locking maintenance module is turned on under the action of the high-level load power supply signal. When the switch module is turned off, the self-locking maintenance module continues to be turned on under the action of the high-level load power supply signal, so that the trigger and latch module and the main switch control module continue to be turned on and continue to supply power to the load. When the closing time of the switch module exceeds the second preset time, the triggering and latching module disconnects from the main switch control module to stop supplying power to the load.

[0007] Optionally, it may also include: an MCU control module; The first terminal of the MCU control module is used to connect to the MCU power supply, the second terminal of the MCU control module is used to output a button detection signal to the MCU, and the third terminal of the MCU control module is connected to the other terminal of the switch module. When the closing time of the switch module is less than the first preset time, both the trigger and latch module and the main switch control module are turned on. A low-level button detection signal is output to the MCU via the second terminal of the MCU control module, and power is supplied to the MCU via the main switch control module to start the MCU. After the MCU is started, a high-level MCU control signal is output to the third terminal of the self-locking maintenance module via the control terminal of the MCU.

[0008] Optionally, the MCU control module includes: a second resistor and a first diode; One end of the second resistor is connected to the MCU power supply, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode, the negative terminal of the first diode is connected to the other end of the switching module, and the other end of the second resistor is also used to output MCU control signals.

[0009] Optionally, the main switch control module includes: a first field-effect transistor, a protection submodule, and a fourth capacitor; The first terminal of the protection submodule is connected to the fifth terminal of the trigger and latch module, the second terminal of the protection submodule is connected to the second terminal of the first field-effect transistor, and the third terminal of the protection submodule is connected to the first terminal of the first field-effect transistor and the fourth terminal of the trigger and latch module, respectively. The third terminal of the first field-effect transistor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor and the load, respectively, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded.

[0010] Optionally, the protection submodule includes a first capacitor and a fourth resistor; One end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the first field-effect transistor, and the fifth end of the trigger and latch module, respectively. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor, the first end of the first field-effect transistor, and the fourth end of the trigger and latch module, respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the triggering and latching module includes: a charge / discharge electron module, a voltage divider delay submodule, and a second field-effect transistor; The first end of the charging and discharging electronic module is used to connect to the main power supply, the second end of the charging and discharging electronic module is connected to the other end of the switch module, the third end of the charging and discharging electronic module is connected to the first end of the voltage divider delay submodule, the fourth end of the charging and discharging electronic module is connected to the second end of the voltage divider delay submodule, and the fifth end of the charging and discharging electronic module is connected to the second end of the main switch control module. The third terminal of the voltage divider delay submodule is connected to the second terminal of the second field-effect transistor and the first terminal of the self-locking maintenance module, respectively. The fourth terminal of the voltage divider delay submodule is connected to the first terminal of the second field-effect transistor, and the third terminal of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the first terminal of the main switch control module.

[0012] Optionally, the charge / discharge electronic module includes: a third capacitor, a fifth resistor, a second diode, and a fourth diode; One end of the third capacitor and one end of the fifth resistor are both connected to the power supply. The other end of the third capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the second diode and the second terminal of the voltage divider delay submodule, respectively. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the second diode and the negative terminal of the fourth diode, respectively. The positive terminal of the fourth diode is connected to the third terminal of the charge / discharge electronic module.

[0013] Optionally, the voltage divider delay submodule includes: a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, and a delay unit; One end of the seventh resistor is connected to the fourth end of the charge-discharge electronic module, and the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, one end of the delay unit, and the first end of the second field-effect transistor. The other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the third end of the charge-discharge electronic module, the second end of the second field-effect transistor, and the first end of the self-locking maintenance module.

[0014] Optionally, the delay unit includes: a sixth capacitor and a fourteenth resistor; One end of the sixth capacitor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, and the other end of the sixth capacitor is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor. The other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the second end of the second field-effect transistor and the first end of the self-locking maintenance module, respectively.

[0015] Optionally, the self-locking maintenance module includes: a third field-effect transistor, a fifteenth resistor, and a sixteenth resistor; The first terminal of the third field-effect transistor is connected to one end of the fifteenth resistor and one end of the sixteenth resistor, the second terminal of the third field-effect transistor is grounded, and the third terminal of the third field-effect transistor is connected to the third terminal of the trigger and latch module. The other end of the fifteenth resistor is used to connect to the load power supply signal output from the third terminal of the main switch control module; the sixteenth resistor is used to connect to the MCU control signal output from the MCU control module.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are: This application provides a power switch in which one end of a switching module is grounded, and the other end of the switching module is connected to the first end of a trigger and latch module. The second end of the trigger and latch module is connected to the main power supply, the third end of the trigger and latch module is connected to the first end of a self-locking maintenance module, the fourth end of the trigger and latch module is connected to the first end of a main switch control module, and the fifth end of the trigger and latch module is connected to the second end of the main switch control module. The third end of the main switch control module is connected to an external load and outputs a load power supply signal. The fourth end of the main switch control module and the second end of the self-locking maintenance module are both grounded, and the third end of the self-locking maintenance module is used to input a load power supply signal. When the closing time of the switching module is less than a first preset time, both the main switch control module and the trigger and latch module are turned on, and power is supplied to the load through the main switch control module and a high-level load power supply is output to the self-locking maintenance module. The signal enables power supply to the load at the back end when the switch module is pressed; and enables the self-locking maintenance module to conduct under the action of a high-level load power supply signal; when the switch module is opened, the self-locking maintenance module continues to conduct under the action of a high-level load power supply signal, so that the trigger and latching module and the main switch control module continue to conduct, and continue to supply power to the load. This ensures that even after the button is released, power supply to the load at the back end is still guaranteed, maintaining the power-on state, and short-pressing the switch module after power-on will not affect the power supply to the load at the back end; when the closing time of the switch module is longer than a second preset time, the trigger and latching module and the main switch control module are disconnected to stop supplying power to the load, realizing the function of cutting off the overall power supply and shutting down the device by pressing and holding the switch module. Furthermore, the power switch is built using a field-effect transistor circuit, which is low in cost, has low leakage current, and significantly reduces the loss of the switching circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of switch module provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second type of power switch provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third type of power switch provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth type of power switch provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fifth type of power switch provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations in the flowcharts may not be implemented in sequence, and steps without logical contextual relationships may be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, guided by the content of this application, may add one or more other operations to the flowcharts, or remove one or more operations from the flowcharts.

[0020] Furthermore, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of this application to indicate the presence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of switch module provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the switch module may include: switch module 10, main switch control module 11, trigger and latch module 12, and self-locking maintenance module 13.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, one end of the switch module 10 is grounded, and the other end of the switch module 10 is connected to the first end of the trigger and latch module 12. The second end of the trigger and latch module 12 is connected to the main power supply, the third end of the trigger and latch module 12 is connected to the first end of the self-locking maintenance module 13, the fourth end of the trigger and latch module 12 is connected to the first end of the main switch control module 11, and the fifth end of the trigger and latch module 12 is connected to the second end of the main switch control module 11. The third end of the main switch control module 11 is connected to an external load and outputs a load power supply signal. The fourth end of the main switch control module 11 and the second end of the self-locking position module 13 are both grounded. The third end of the self-locking maintenance module 13 is used to input a load power supply signal. The load power supply signal output by the third end of the main switch control module 11 can be either a high-level load power supply signal or a low-level load power supply signal.

[0024] When the closing time of the switch module 10 is less than the first preset time, the main switch control module 11 and the trigger and latch module 12 are both turned on, and power is supplied to the load through the main switch control module 11 and a high-level load power supply signal is output to the self-locking maintenance module 13 so that the self-locking maintenance module 13 is turned on under the action of the high-level load power supply signal; when the switch module 10 is turned off, the self-locking maintenance module 13 continues to be turned on under the action of the high-level load power supply signal so that the trigger and latch module 12 and the main switch control module 11 continue to be turned on and continue to supply power to the load.

[0025] Specifically, "when switch module 10 is open" refers to the opening of the switch module after its closing time is less than a first preset time. That is, if switch module 10 is closed for a duration of t1, then "opening" means that switch module 10 is open at time t1. Furthermore, a closing time of switch module 10 less than the first preset time indicates that switch module 10 is only closed for a short time. This first preset time can be set according to actual needs. For example, switch module 10 is... Figure 1 The push-button switch S1 in the middle.

[0026] Optionally, when the switch module 10 briefly closes and then opens, the self-locking maintenance module 13 is actively activated and enters a self-holding state during this phase. This achieves electrical self-locking after the physical button is released, ensuring that even if the switch module 10 is open, the entire power supply path remains closed, and the system maintains its powered-on operation. Even if the switch module 10 experiences poor contact or micro-level jitter, the entire power supply path remains closed, i.e., self-locking without contact, eliminating the reliability defects of traditional mechanical switches that repeatedly start and stop with a single switch bouncing.

[0027] Optionally, when the closing duration of the switch module 10 exceeds a second preset duration, the triggering and latching module 12 disconnects from the main switch control module 11 to stop supplying power to the load. The second preset duration is greater than or equal to the first preset duration. If the closing duration of the switch module 10 exceeds the second preset duration, it indicates that the switch module 10 has been pressed for an extended period.

[0028] When the switch module 10 is closed, the trigger and latch module 12 will perform a discharge operation. If the closing duration of the switch module 10 exceeds a second preset duration, the voltage after the discharge of the trigger and latch module 12 will not be sufficient to keep it conducting. Therefore, the trigger and latch module 12 will disconnect. When the trigger and latch module 12 disconnects, the main switch control module 11 connected to it will also disconnect. At this time, when the main switch control module 11 disconnects, power supply to the load connected to it stops, and the third terminal of the main switch control module 11 outputs a low-level load power supply signal. The self-locking maintenance module 13 will also disconnect under the action of the low-level load power supply signal. The load power supply signal is as follows: Figure 1 VBAT_OUT in.

[0029] In this embodiment, one end of the switch module is grounded, and the other end of the switch module is connected to the first end of the trigger and latch module. The second end of the trigger and latch module is connected to the main power supply, the third end of the trigger and latch module is connected to the first end of the self-locking maintenance module, the fourth end of the trigger and latch module is connected to the first end of the main switch control module, and the fifth end of the trigger and latch module is connected to the second end of the main switch control module. The third end of the main switch control module is connected to an external load and outputs a load power supply signal. The fourth end of the main switch control module and the second end of the self-locking maintenance module are both grounded, and the third end of the self-locking maintenance module is used to input a load power supply signal. When the closing time of the switch module is less than a first preset time, both the main switch control module and the trigger and latch module are turned on, and power is supplied to the load through the main switch control module and a high-level load power supply signal is output to the self-locking maintenance module. When the switch module is pressed, it supplies power to the load at the back end; and the self-locking maintenance module is turned on under the action of a high-level load power supply signal. When the switch module is opened, the self-locking maintenance module continues to be turned on under the action of a high-level load power supply signal, so that the trigger and latching module and the main switch control module continue to be turned on, and power is continuously supplied to the load. This ensures that power is continuously supplied to the load at the back end even after the button is released, maintaining the power-on state. Short presses of the switch module after power-on will not affect the power supply to the load at the back end. When the closing time of the switch module exceeds the second preset time, the trigger and latching module and the main switch control module are disconnected to stop supplying power to the load. This realizes the function of cutting off the overall power supply and shutting down the device by pressing and holding the switch module. Furthermore, the power switch is built using a field-effect transistor circuit, which is low in cost and has low leakage current, significantly reducing the loss of the switching circuit.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of power switch provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the power switch may also include an MCU control module 14.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the first terminal of the MCU control module 14 is used to connect to the MCU power supply, the second terminal of the MCU control module 14 is used to output a low-level button detection signal to the MCU, and the third terminal of the MCU control module 14 is connected to the other terminal of the switch module 10. The button detection signal can be either a high-level button detection signal or a low-level button detection signal. The button detection signal is as follows: Figure 2 The KEY_TO_MCU signal is used in the following context: When switch module 10 is pressed, KEY_TO_MCU is a low-level button detection signal; when switch module 10 is opened, KEY_TO_MCU is a high-level button detection signal.

[0032] When the closing time of switch module 10 is less than the first preset time, both trigger and latch module 12 and main switch control module 11 are turned on. A low-level button detection signal is output to the MCU via the second terminal of MCU control module 14, and power is supplied to the MCU via the main switch control module 11 to start the MCU. After the MCU starts, a high-level MCU control signal is output to the third terminal of self-locking maintenance module 13 via the MCU control terminal. The MCU control signal is as follows: Figure 2 The MCU_CTRL_ON signal is used to maintain the self-locking power supply of the system. When the MCU is not started, the MCU control signal MCU_CTRL_ON is low. This high-level MCU control signal is used to keep the self-locking maintenance module 13, the trigger and latch module 12, and the main switch control module 11 continuously connected after the switch module 10 is released, thereby achieving self-locking of the system power supply.

[0033] Optionally, the third terminal of the self-locking maintenance module can be connected to... Figure 1 The load power supply signal VBAT_OUT or Figure 2 The MCU control signal MCU_CTRL_ON.

[0034] It is worth noting that the self-locking maintenance module is connected... Figure 1 Load power supply signal and access Figure 2 In both scenarios involving MCU control signals, the working principles of the main switch control module 11, the trigger and latch module 12, and the self-locking maintenance module 13 are the same.

[0035] In this embodiment, the button detection signal output from the second terminal of the MCU control module enables independent recognition of short and long press operations of the button module after the MCU is powered on. This decouples the button from the power control logic, allowing the power button to share functionality with other functions. The MCU control module also makes this power switch suitable for circuits with an MCU.

[0036] Continue as Figure 2 As shown, the MCU control module 14 may include a second resistor R2 and a first diode D1.

[0037] One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the MCU power supply, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode D1. The negative terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the other end of the switching module 10. The other end of the second resistor R2 is also used to output MCU control signals.

[0038] The first diode D1 can prevent the main power supply voltage from being supplied to the MCU section and affecting the MCU control signal.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third type of power switch provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 3As shown, the main switch control module 10 may include: a first field-effect transistor Q1, a protection submodule 101, and a fourth capacitor C4.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 The first terminal of the protection submodule 101 is connected to the fifth terminal of the trigger and latch module 12, the second terminal of the protection submodule 101 is connected to the second terminal of the first field-effect transistor Q1, and the third terminal of the protection submodule 101 is connected to the first terminal of the first field-effect transistor Q1 and the fourth terminal of the trigger and latch module 12, respectively.

[0041] The third terminal of the first field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the load, while the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded.

[0042] When the switch module 10 is closed for a short time, the trigger and latch module 12 is turned on. Under the action of the trigger and latch module 12, the first terminal of the first field-effect transistor Q1 is pulled low, so that the first field-effect transistor Q1 is turned on and power is supplied to the load through the first field-effect transistor Q1.

[0043] When the switch module 10 is closed for a long time, the trigger and latch module 12 will be disconnected, and the first terminal of the first field-effect transistor Q1 will be pulled high by the disconnection of the trigger and latch module 12, so that the first field-effect transistor Q1 is disconnected and the power supply to the load through the first field-effect transistor Q1 is stopped.

[0044] The first field-effect transistor Q1 can be a P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (P-MOSFET). For a PMOS transistor, it conducts when the gate voltage is lower than the source voltage. The first terminal of the first field-effect transistor Q1 is the gate, the second terminal is the source, and the third terminal is the drain.

[0045] Continue as Figure 3 As shown, the protection submodule 101 may include a first capacitor C1 and a fourth resistor R4.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the second end of the first field-effect transistor Q1, and the fifth end of the trigger and latch module 12, respectively. The other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor R4, the first end of the first field-effect transistor Q1, and the fourth end of the trigger and latch module 12, respectively.

[0047] like Figure 3As shown, the first capacitor is connected in parallel between the gate and source of the first field-effect transistor, mainly to prevent false turn-on, suppress high-frequency oscillations and protect the gate, thereby improving circuit stability and reliability. The fourth resistor can prevent damage to the first field-effect transistor.

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth type of power switch provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the triggering and latching module 12 may include: a charge / discharge module 120, a voltage divider delay submodule 121, and a second field-effect transistor Q2.

[0049] The first end of the charge-discharge electronic module 120 is used to connect to the main power supply. The second end of the charge-discharge electronic module 120 is connected to the other end of the switch module. The third end of the charge-discharge electronic module 120 is connected to the first end of the voltage divider delay submodule 121. The fourth end of the charge-discharge electronic module 120 is connected to the second end of the voltage divider delay submodule 121. The fifth end of the charge-discharge electronic module 120 is connected to the second end of the main switch control module 11.

[0050] The third terminal of the voltage divider delay submodule 121 is connected to the second terminal of the second field-effect transistor Q2 and the first terminal of the self-locking maintenance module 13, respectively. The fourth terminal of the voltage divider delay submodule 121 is connected to the first terminal of the second field-effect transistor Q2, and the third terminal of the second field-effect transistor Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the main switch control module 11.

[0051] The second field-effect transistor can be an N-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (P-MOSFET). For an NMOS transistor, it conducts when the gate voltage is higher than the source voltage. The first terminal of the second field-effect transistor Q2 is the gate, the second terminal is the source, and the third terminal is the drain.

[0052] Continue as Figure 4 As shown, the electronic module 120 may include: a third capacitor C3, a fifth resistor R5, a second diode D2, and a fourth diode D4.

[0053] One end of the third capacitor C3 and one end of the fifth resistor R5 are both connected to the power supply. The other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the negative terminal of the second diode D2 and the second terminal of the voltage divider delay submodule 121, respectively. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the positive terminal of the second diode D2 and the negative terminal of the fourth diode D4, respectively. The positive terminal of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the third terminal of the voltage divider delay submodule 121.

[0054] Optionally, when the switching module 10 is disconnected or during the initial power-on phase, the main power supply charges the third capacitor C3 through the fifth resistor R5. At this time, since the anode of the second diode D2 is at a high level and the cathode is at a low level, the second diode D2 is turned on, and the third capacitor C3 is charged through the second diode D2. Furthermore, since the anode of the fourth diode D4 is at a low level and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is at a high level, the reverse bias mechanism of the fourth diode D4 can prevent voltage from charging into the self-locking maintenance module 13 and affecting the function of the self-locking maintenance module 13.

[0055] When the circuit is in steady state, the voltage across the third capacitor C3 is stable. The fifth resistor mainly plays the role of current limiting and fine adjustment during this stage, preventing the second diode D2 from overcurrent, and providing a discharge path when the second diode D2 has a slight leakage current, thereby improving voltage stability.

[0056] When a discharge operation is required, the third terminal of the voltage divider delay submodule 121 is actively pulled low. At this time, the electrical energy stored in the third capacitor C3 is quickly discharged through the fifth resistor R5 and the fourth diode D4.

[0057] Continue as Figure 4 As shown, the voltage divider delay submodule 121 may include: a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, and a delay unit 1210.

[0058] One end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the fourth terminal of the charge-discharge electronic module 120. The other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, one end of the delay unit 1210, and the first terminal of the second field-effect transistor Q2. The other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the third terminal of the charge-discharge electronic module 120, the second terminal of the second field-effect transistor Q2, and the first terminal of the self-locking maintenance module 13.

[0059] Among them, the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 divide the voltage to reduce the main power supply voltage, thereby protecting the second field-effect transistor Q2.

[0060] Continue as Figure 4 As shown, the delay unit 1210 includes: a sixth capacitor C6 and a fourteenth resistor R14.

[0061] One end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor R14. The other end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the second end of the second field-effect transistor Q2 and the first end of the self-locking maintenance module 13.

[0062] Among them, the fourteenth resistor R14, the seventh resistor R7, and the sixth capacitor C6 form a delay circuit to optimize the power-on time.

[0063] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fifth type of power switch provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the self-locking maintenance module 13 may include: a third field-effect transistor Q3, a fifteenth resistor R15, and a sixteenth resistor R16.

[0064] The first terminal of the third field-effect transistor Q3 is connected to one end of the fifteenth resistor R15 and one end of the sixteenth resistor R16, respectively. The second terminal of the third field-effect transistor Q3 is grounded. The third terminal of the third field-effect transistor Q3 is connected to the third terminal of the trigger and latch module 12. Specifically, the third terminal of the third field-effect transistor Q3 is connected to the second terminal of the second field-effect transistor Q2 in the trigger and latch module 12.

[0065] The other end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is used to connect to the load power supply signal output from the third terminal of the main switch control module 10; the sixteenth resistor R16 is used to connect to the MCU control signal output from the MCU control module.

[0066] The third field-effect transistor Q3 can be an N-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (P-MOSFET). For an NMOS transistor, it conducts when the gate voltage is higher than the source voltage. The first terminal of this third field-effect transistor Q3 is the gate, the second terminal is the source, and the third terminal is the drain.

[0067] When the power switch is used in a scenario with an MCU, the sixteenth resistor R16 should be soldered, and the fifteenth resistor R15 should not be soldered; when the power switch is used in a scenario without an MCU, the sixteenth resistor R16 should not be soldered, and the fifteenth resistor R15 should be soldered.

[0068] Optionally, when the MCU control signal or the load power supply signal is high, the third field-effect transistor Q3 is turned on, which pulls the second field-effect transistor Q2 and the first field-effect transistor Q1 low, so that the second field-effect transistor Q2 and the first field-effect transistor Q1 are turned on, thereby realizing the self-locking maintenance function.

[0069] Optionally, in a control scenario with an MCU, when the switch module 10 is not pressed, the first field-effect transistor Q1 is turned off, and all peripheral devices at the back end are not powered on, thus realizing the function of disconnecting the entire power supply.

[0070] Optionally, since the main power supply charges the third capacitor C3, and the gate of the second field-effect transistor Q2 is connected to the third capacitor C2, the gate of the second field-effect transistor Q2 is at a high level. When the switch module 10 is pressed, the source of the second field-effect transistor Q2 is pulled low, thus turning on Q2. Since the drain of the second field-effect transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the first field-effect transistor Q1, when Q2 is on, the gate of the first field-effect transistor Q1 is also pulled low, turning on Q1. This powers on the back-end circuit connected to the first field-effect transistor Q1, i.e., powers on the MCU. Once the voltage at the back end of the first field-effect transistor Q1 becomes high and stable, the MCU can power on and begin operation. After the MCU initialization is complete, it outputs a high-level MCU control signal to the gate of the third field-effect transistor Q3 through its control terminal, i.e., MCU_CTRL_ON is high. At this time, the third field-effect transistor Q3 is turned on. When the third field-effect transistor Q3 is turned on, the gate of the second field-effect transistor Q2 remains pulled low. When the button is released, i.e., after the switch module 10 is briefly closed and opened, since MCU_CTRL_ON was previously high, the third field-effect transistor Q3 remains on. Therefore, the source of the second field-effect transistor Q2 remains low, while its gate is high due to the main power supply charging the third capacitor C3. Thus, the second field-effect transistor Q2 remains on, and the first field-effect transistor Q1 also remains on.

[0071] Alternatively, if the button is pressed briefly to close after the MCU is powered on, it will not affect the back-end circuitry.

[0072] Optionally, since the MCU control module 14 outputs a key detection signal, the MCU can also detect keys and perform other functions, such as the power button and other functions being shared, like pressing to take a picture or waking from sleep.

[0073] Optionally, when powering off is required, the button needs to be pressed and held, meaning the closing time of the switch module 10 is longer than the second preset time. When the switch module is continuously pressed, the third capacitor C3 will discharge to ground through the path of the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8. When the gate voltage of the second field-effect transistor Q2 is lower than VGSTH, the second field-effect transistor Q2 will turn off, and the first field-effect transistor Q1 will also turn off, thus cutting off power to the back end and achieving overall power-off shutdown.

[0074] Optionally, in the absence of an MCU, when the switch module 10 is not pressed, the first field-effect transistor Q1 is turned off, and all peripherals at the back end are not powered on, thus realizing the function of disconnecting the entire power supply.

[0075] Optionally, when the switch module 10 is pressed briefly, the first field-effect transistor Q1 is turned on, supplying power to the load at the back end through the first field-effect transistor Q1 and outputting a high-level load power supply signal, i.e., VBAT_OUT is high level, which can control the third field-effect transistor Q3 to turn on. When the switch module 10 is turned off, the third field-effect transistor Q3 continues to turn on under the action of the high-level load power supply signal, so that both the second field-effect transistor Q2 and the third field-effect transistor Q3 continue to turn on.

[0076] Alternatively, after powering on, a short press of the button will close the circuit and will not affect the back-end circuitry.

[0077] Optionally, when powering off is required, the button needs to be pressed and held, meaning the closing time of the switch module 10 is longer than the second preset time. When the switch module is continuously pressed, the third capacitor C3 will discharge to ground through the path of the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8. When the gate voltage of the second field-effect transistor Q2 is lower than VGSTH, the second field-effect transistor Q2 will turn off, and the first field-effect transistor Q1 will also turn off, thus cutting off power to the back end and achieving overall power-off shutdown.

[0078] The power switch described in this application is based on a field-effect transistor to build a switching circuit, which results in low overall circuit cost and low leakage current, significantly reducing leakage current compared to general switching ICs.

[0079] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems and devices described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection can be through some communication interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0080] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. If the functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, optical disks, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0081] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A power switch, characterized in that, include: The module includes a switch module, a main switch control module, a triggering and latching module, and a self-locking maintenance module. One end of the switch module is grounded, and the other end of the switch module is connected to the first end of the trigger and latch module; The second terminal of the trigger and latch module is connected to the main power supply, the third terminal of the trigger and latch module is connected to the first terminal of the self-locking maintenance module, the fourth terminal of the trigger and latch module is connected to the first terminal of the main switch control module, and the fifth terminal of the trigger and latch module is connected to the second terminal of the main switch control module. The third terminal of the main switch control module is connected to an external load and outputs a load power supply signal. The fourth terminal of the main switch control module and the second terminal of the self-locking maintenance module are both grounded. The third terminal of the self-locking maintenance module is used to input a load power supply signal. When the closing time of the switch module is less than a first preset time, both the main switch control module and the trigger and latch module are turned on. The main switch control module supplies power to the load and outputs a high-level load power supply signal to the self-locking maintenance module, so that the self-locking maintenance module is turned on under the action of the high-level load power supply signal. When the switch module is turned off, the self-locking maintenance module continues to be turned on under the action of the high-level load power supply signal, so that the trigger and latch module and the main switch control module continue to be turned on and continue to supply power to the load. When the closing time of the switch module exceeds the second preset time, the triggering and latching module disconnects from the main switch control module to stop supplying power to the load.

2. The power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: MCU control module; The first terminal of the MCU control module is used to connect to the MCU power supply, the second terminal of the MCU control module is used to output a button detection signal to the MCU, and the third terminal of the MCU control module is connected to the other terminal of the switch module. When the closing time of the switch module is less than the first preset time, both the trigger and latch module and the main switch control module are turned on. A low-level button detection signal is output to the MCU via the second terminal of the MCU control module, and power is supplied to the MCU via the main switch control module to start the MCU. After the MCU is started, a high-level MCU control signal is output to the third terminal of the self-locking maintenance module via the control terminal of the MCU.

3. The power switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The MCU control module includes: a second resistor and a first diode; One end of the second resistor is connected to the MCU power supply, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode, the negative terminal of the first diode is connected to the other end of the switching module, and the other end of the second resistor is also used to output MCU control signals.

4. The power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main switch control module includes: a first field-effect transistor, a protection submodule, and a fourth capacitor; The first terminal of the protection submodule is connected to the fifth terminal of the trigger and latch module, the second terminal of the protection submodule is connected to the second terminal of the first field-effect transistor, and the third terminal of the protection submodule is connected to the first terminal of the first field-effect transistor and the fourth terminal of the trigger and latch module, respectively. The third terminal of the first field-effect transistor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor and the load, respectively, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded.

5. The power switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protection submodule includes a first capacitor and a fourth resistor; One end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the first field-effect transistor, and the fifth end of the trigger and latch module, respectively. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor, the first end of the first field-effect transistor, and the fourth end of the trigger and latch module, respectively.

6. The power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triggering and latching module includes: a charge / discharge electron module, a voltage divider delay submodule, and a second field-effect transistor; The first end of the charging and discharging electronic module is used to connect to the main power supply, the second end of the charging and discharging electronic module is connected to the other end of the switch module, the third end of the charging and discharging electronic module is connected to the first end of the voltage divider delay submodule, the fourth end of the charging and discharging electronic module is connected to the second end of the voltage divider delay submodule, and the fifth end of the charging and discharging electronic module is connected to the second end of the main switch control module. The third terminal of the voltage divider delay submodule is connected to the second terminal of the second field-effect transistor and the first terminal of the self-locking maintenance module, respectively. The fourth terminal of the voltage divider delay submodule is connected to the first terminal of the second field-effect transistor, and the third terminal of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the first terminal of the main switch control module.

7. The power switch according to claim 6, characterized in that, The charge / discharge electronic module includes: a third capacitor, a fifth resistor, a second diode, and a fourth diode; One end of the third capacitor and one end of the fifth resistor are both connected to the power supply. The other end of the third capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the second diode and the second terminal of the voltage divider delay submodule, respectively. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the second diode and the negative terminal of the fourth diode, respectively. The positive terminal of the fourth diode is connected to the third terminal of the charge / discharge electronic module.

8. The power switch according to claim 6, characterized in that, The voltage divider delay submodule includes: a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, and a delay unit; One end of the seventh resistor is connected to the fourth end of the charge-discharge electronic module, and the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, one end of the delay unit, and the first end of the second field-effect transistor. The other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the third end of the charge-discharge electronic module, the second end of the second field-effect transistor, and the first end of the self-locking maintenance module.

9. The power switch according to claim 8, characterized in that, The delay unit includes: a sixth capacitor and a fourteenth resistor; One end of the sixth capacitor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, and the other end of the sixth capacitor is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor. The other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the second end of the second field-effect transistor and the first end of the self-locking maintenance module, respectively.

10. The power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-locking maintenance module includes: a third field-effect transistor, a fifteenth resistor, and a sixteenth resistor; The first terminal of the third field-effect transistor is connected to one end of the fifteenth resistor and one end of the sixteenth resistor, the second terminal of the third field-effect transistor is grounded, and the third terminal of the third field-effect transistor is connected to the third terminal of the trigger and latch module. The other end of the fifteenth resistor is used to connect to the load power supply signal output from the third terminal of the main switch control module; the sixteenth resistor is used to connect to the MCU control signal output from the MCU control module.

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