A method, apparatus, device, medium, and product for cluster construction and precoding

Abstract

The application discloses a cluster construction and precoding method, device, equipment, medium and product, a transmission and reception point (TRP) acquires a cooperative cluster constructed by a terminal; determines a downlink precoding matrix according to the cooperative cluster; and updates the cooperative cluster according to the downlink precoding matrix. The application constructs a dynamic cooperative cluster in a user-centered manner, dynamically updates the cooperative cluster by designing a precoding matrix, and realizes low-complexity cluster construction and precoding, which is convenient for implementation and deployment in a live network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, medium, and product for cluster construction and precoding. Background Technology

[0002] Distributed ultra-large-scale MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) systems represent an important evolution direction for multi-antenna technology towards future 6G. They combine the advantages of massive MIMO and distributed antenna technology, forming cooperative clusters of multiple nodes, namely TRPs (Transmission and Reception Points). Through the cooperation of the main TRP within the cooperative cluster and other TRPs, higher spatial resolution and spectral efficiency are achieved.

[0003] In user-centric distributed MIMO, a set of Transfer Points (TRPs) is selected for each user to provide radio services, forming a dynamic cooperative cluster for that user. In this architecture, all TRPs are connected to the central processing unit (CPU) via backhaul links. The CPU is responsible for network control and planning, and determines transmission scheduling. To do this, the CPU needs to acquire data from all terminals and perfect channel state information from all TRPs to all terminals, and process this information. This results in excessive backhaul load, and the complexity of dynamic cooperative cluster construction and precoding design is extremely high, making it unfeasible for deployment in existing networks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, device, medium, and product for cluster construction and precoding, which achieves low-complexity cluster construction and precoding, making it easy to implement and deploy in the current network.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention provide a cluster construction and precoding method applied to TRP, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the collaborative cluster built by the terminal;

[0007] Determine the downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative cluster;

[0008] The cooperative cluster is updated based on the downlink precoding matrix.

[0009] Preferably, determining the downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative cluster includes:

[0010] Calculate the estimated value of the interference matrix within the cooperative cluster;

[0011] Obtain the transmission parameters of the TRP within the cooperative cluster and the reception parameters of the terminal;

[0012] Based on the interference matrix estimate, the transmission parameters, and the reception parameters, a preset objective function is solved to obtain the downlink precoding matrix within the cooperative cluster.

[0013] Furthermore, the objective function is an objective function that aims to maximize the data rate of the terminal and minimize the interference caused to other clusters.

[0014] Preferably, updating the cooperative cluster based on the downlink precoding matrix includes:

[0015] When the obtained downlink precoding matrix does not meet the preset convergence condition, the cooperative cluster is updated, and the downlink precoding matrix is ​​re-determined based on the updated cooperative cluster.

[0016] When the downlink precoding matrix meets the convergence condition, the latest cooperative cluster and the latest downlink precoding matrix are output.

[0017] Preferably, updating the cooperative cluster when the downlink precoding matrix does not meet the preset convergence condition includes:

[0018] The transmit power of each TRP in the cooperative cluster sending signals to the terminal is determined based on the downlink precoding matrix;

[0019] If there is a Transmit Power Point (TRP) with a transmit power less than a preset threshold, it is determined that the convergence condition is not met.

[0020] TRPs with transmit power less than the threshold value are removed from the cooperative cluster, and the cooperative cluster is updated.

[0021] Preferably, after obtaining the collaborative cluster built by the terminal, the method further includes:

[0022] Initialize the downlink precoding matrix from each TRP within the cooperative cluster to the terminal, and send downlink reference signals based on the initial downlink precoding matrix;

[0023] Obtain the channel information within the currently cooperating cluster.

[0024] Preferably, calculating the interference matrix estimate within the cooperative cluster includes:

[0025] The uplink precoding matrix of the terminal is determined based on the SRS sequence sent by the terminal.

[0026] Receive the SRS sequences reported by each TRP within the cooperative cluster;

[0027] The uplink received signal-to-interference ratio (SRS) covariance matrix within the cluster is calculated based on the uplink precoding matrix and the SRS sequences reported by each TRP within the cooperative cluster.

[0028] Receive the interaction constant factor sent by neighboring cluster terminals;

[0029] The interference matrix estimate is calculated based on the in-cluster uplink received signal-to-interference ratio covariance matrix and the interaction constant factor.

[0030] Preferably, the interference matrix estimate is...

[0031] Where F is the interaction constant factor, Let be the uplink received signal-to-interference ratio covariance matrix within the cooperative cluster.

[0032] Preferably, obtaining the transmission parameters of the TRP within the cooperative cluster and the reception parameters of the terminal includes:

[0033] The transmit power allocated to other terminals reported by each TRP within the cooperative cluster is used as the transmission parameter;

[0034] The receiver merger and weight matrix reported by the terminal are received as the receiving parameters.

[0035] Preferably, the step of solving a preset objective function based on the interference matrix estimate, the transmission parameters, and the reception parameters to obtain the downlink precoding matrix within the cooperative cluster includes:

[0036] Substitute the interference matrix estimate, the transmission parameters, and the reception parameters into the objective function to calculate the downlink precoding matrix corresponding to the optimal state of the objective function under preset constraints.

[0037] Wherein, the objective function

[0038] The constraints include: v k Let be the downlink precoding matrix of the cooperative cluster where the k-th terminal is located. This is the estimated value of the interference matrix. R is the penalty term, representing the interference caused to other clusters. k (v k ) represents the data rate of the k-th terminal. P represents the transmit power allocated by the nth TRP within the cooperative cluster to the kth terminal. n,-k The nth TRP within the cooperative cluster allocates transmit power to other terminals, P max This represents the maximum transmit power for a single TRP.

[0039] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0040] The received SRS sequence is uploaded to the primary TRP marked in the cooperative cluster.

[0041] This invention also provides a cluster construction and precoding method applied to a terminal, the method comprising:

[0042] The primary TRP is determined based on the received downlink signals, and the initial cooperative cluster is constructed.

[0043] The cooperative cluster is reported to the master TRP so that the master TRP can determine the downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative cluster and update the cooperative cluster.

[0044] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0045] The receiver combiner and weight matrix are calculated based on the received downlink signal and uploaded to the main TRP as receiving parameters;

[0046] The receiver merger The weight matrix H k For the intra-cluster channel information of the cooperative cluster, C k Let v be the covariance matrix of the received signal. k This is the initial downlink precoding matrix.

[0047] Preferably, determining the primary TRP based on the received downlink signal and constructing the initial cooperative cluster includes:

[0048] The TRP corresponding to the signal with the highest RSRP value among the downlink signals sent by each TRP is taken as the master TRP;

[0049] The initial cooperative cluster is constructed based on the RSRP values ​​of the downlink signals sent by each TRP.

[0050] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0051] The SRS sequence is determined based on the calculated uplink precoding matrix and sent to the main TRP;

[0052] Wherein, the uplink precoding matrix w k For receiving the merger, Γ k Let F be the weight matrix, and F be the interaction constant factor.

[0053] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0054] The calculated interaction constant factors are uploaded to the main TRP of the neighboring cluster.

[0055] This invention also provides a cluster construction and precoding apparatus for TRP, the apparatus comprising:

[0056] The acquisition module is used to acquire the collaborative clusters built by the terminal;

[0057] The encoding module is used to determine the downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative cluster;

[0058] An update module is used to update the cooperative cluster based on the downlink precoding matrix.

[0059] This invention also provides a cluster construction and precoding apparatus for use in a terminal, the apparatus comprising:

[0060] The cluster building module is used to determine the primary TRP based on the received downlink signals and to build the initial cooperative cluster;

[0061] The reporting module is used to report the cooperative cluster to the master TRP, so that the master TRP can determine the downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative cluster and update the cooperative cluster.

[0062] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention also provide a communication device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the cluster construction and precoding method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0063] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the cluster construction and precoding method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0064] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the cluster construction and precoding method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0065] Compared to existing technologies, this invention discloses a method, apparatus, device, medium, and product for cluster construction and precoding. The transmitting and receiving points (TRPs) acquire cooperative clusters constructed by terminals; determine a downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative clusters; and update the cooperative clusters according to the downlink precoding matrix. This application's solution constructs dynamic cooperative clusters centered on the user, and dynamically updates the cooperative clusters through a designed precoding matrix, achieving low-complexity cluster construction and precoding, facilitating deployment in existing networks. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 These are the working principles of two architectures for collaborative clusters provided by existing technologies;

[0067] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the cluster construction and precoding method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the cluster construction and precoding method provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0069] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the low-complexity distributed MIMO transmission scheme provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0070] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the relationship between the transmit signal-to-noise ratio and the total data rate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 6 These are simulation results of different computational complexities of the algorithms provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of the cluster construction and precoding apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] See Figure 1 This refers to the working principles of two architectures for cooperative clusters provided by existing technologies. Based on the different methods of dividing cooperative clusters, distributed ultra-large-scale MIMO is divided into two architectures: network-centric and user-centric. In network-centric distributed MIMO, several neighboring TRPs are selected to form a cooperative cluster, which collaboratively provides radio services to users within the cluster. In user-centric distributed MIMO, a set of TRPs is selected for each user to provide radio services, forming a dynamic cooperative cluster for that user.

[0076] Existing user-centric distributed MIMO breaks down cell boundaries, enabling network-to-user connectivity and mitigating inter-cell interference. However, in this architecture, all TRPs are connected to the central processing unit (CPU) via backhaul links. The CPU is responsible for network control and planning, and determines transmission scheduling. To achieve this, the CPU needs to acquire data from all terminals and perfect channel state information from all TRPs to all terminals, and process this information. This results in excessive backhaul load, extremely high complexity in dynamic cooperative cluster construction and precoding design, making it unsuitable for deployment in existing networks.

[0077] This application addresses the aforementioned technical problems of user-centric distributed MIMO. Embodiments of this application propose a cluster construction and precoding method applied to TRP. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the cluster construction and precoding method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising steps S1 to S3:

[0078] Step S1: Obtain the collaborative cluster built by the terminal;

[0079] Step S2: Determine the downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative cluster;

[0080] Step S3: Update the determined cooperative clusters according to the downlink precoding matrix.

[0081] In this specific implementation, the terminal constructs an initial cooperative cluster based on the uplink signals reported by each TRP.

[0082] When determining the primary TRP: In a communication system (such as 5G or subsequent mobile communication systems), the terminal (such as a mobile phone, IoT device, etc.) first needs to determine the primary TRP based on certain indicators. It should be noted that these indicators may be based on factors such as signal strength, signal quality (such as signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, etc.), and geographical location. For example, the terminal will measure the reference signals (such as cell-specific reference signals) transmitted by multiple surrounding TRPs, and then select the TRP with the strongest signal strength as the primary TRP.

[0083] The receiving terminal selects an initial cluster based on the received reference signal, and within that cluster, identifies the primary TRP (Transmission Reference Signal). For example, the TRP with the highest received power is designated as the primary TRP. The terminal then sends uplink signals to this primary TRP. These uplink signals can be Sounding Reference Signals (SRS) used for channel estimation, or uplink data signals containing user data. Upon receiving these signals, the primary TRP processes them, performing operations such as signal demodulation and channel estimation, to obtain information about the channel between the terminal and the primary TRP.

[0084] The master TRP determines the downlink precoding matrix based on the information obtained from the received uplink signals and the cooperative cluster.

[0085] Collecting cooperative cluster information: Before determining the downlink precoding matrix, each TRP within the cooperative cluster needs to share information related to terminal communication. This includes, but is not limited to, the terminal's channel state information, the terminal's location information, the terminal's service requirements (such as data rate requirements, latency requirements, etc.), and interference from the cooperative cluster to other clusters. This information can be exchanged and shared through interfaces between TRPs within the cooperative cluster, ensuring that each TRP has a comprehensive understanding of the terminal's communication status.

[0086] Based on the characteristics of the cooperative clusters (such as the number of TRPs, the channel conditions of the terminal, etc.) and the service requirements of the terminal, a suitable preset coding scheme is selected. The downlink precoding matrix is ​​then calculated based on the selected coding scheme and the collected cooperative cluster information.

[0087] The purpose of the downlink precoding matrix is ​​to preprocess the downlink signal to be transmitted to the terminal to optimize signal transmission performance. For example, the precoding matrix can enable better combining of signals transmitted by multiple TRPs at the terminal, improving signal reception quality. The specific method for calculating the downlink precoding matrix varies depending on the coding scheme. For instance, in a zero-forcing (ZF) based coding scheme, the precoding matrix is ​​calculated based on the terminal's channel matrix to minimize signal interference between each TRP at the terminal.

[0088] The determined cooperative clusters are updated based on the downlink precoding matrix.

[0089] Using the calculated downlink precoding matrix, the TRP within the cooperative cluster sends downlink signals to the terminal. Upon receiving these signals, the terminal evaluates their quality, calculating metrics such as signal strength, signal-to-noise ratio, and bit error rate. Simultaneously, the terminal can also provide feedback to the TRP within the cooperative cluster regarding the fulfillment of its service requirements (e.g., whether the data rate meets requirements, whether the latency is within acceptable limits).

[0090] The TRPs within the cooperative cluster are analyzed based on the evaluation results fed back by the terminals. If the communication performance is found to be below expectations, such as excessively high bit error rate or excessively low data rate, the cooperative cluster needs to be adjusted. The analysis process may involve evaluating the performance of the downlink precoding matrix and assessing the contribution of each TRP within the cooperative cluster to determine which TRPs have a greater impact on communication performance. Based on the analysis results, the cooperative cluster is updated.

[0091] It should be noted that updates may involve adding new TRPs to the cooperative cluster to enhance signal coverage and transmission capabilities, or removing TRPs from the cooperative cluster that have a minor impact on communication performance or cause interference. Simultaneously, the downlink precoding matrix may be recalculated to adapt to changes in the cooperative cluster and optimize communication performance. For example, if a TRP's signal is found to cause significant interference to the terminal, that TRP can be removed from the cooperative cluster, and the downlink precoding matrix can be recalculated.

[0092] This scheme constructs initial cooperative clusters by receiving uplink signals reported by terminals to a determined primary TRP. This method is based on local information exchange, rather than transmitting all terminal data and channel state information to the central processing unit (CPU). The primary TRP constructs cooperative clusters by exchanging information only with relevant TRPs based on the received terminal uplink signals, reducing unnecessary data transmission and thus alleviating the backhaul link burden to some extent. The downlink precoding matrix is ​​determined using a preset coding scheme based on the cooperative clusters, also within the cooperative cluster scope, further avoiding the transmission of large amounts of data to the CPU in the backhaul link, effectively alleviating the backhaul burden and making it more suitable for the current network's carrying capacity. When updating the cooperative clusters based on the downlink precoding matrix, it is based on local performance evaluation results fed back from the terminals, dynamically adjusting within the cooperative cluster. This avoids complex dynamic management of all cooperative clusters in the entire network by the CPU, making the cooperative cluster update process more flexible and simpler, further reducing the complexity of dynamic cooperative cluster construction. The design based on a preset coding scheme reduces reliance on complex algorithms and large amounts of computing resources, making the precoding design easier to implement and deploy, and improving the feasibility of the scheme in the current network.

[0093] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, in determining the downlink precoding matrix, specifically:

[0094] First, the estimated value of the interference matrix within the cooperative cluster needs to be calculated based on the uplink reference signal of the terminal;

[0095] The terminal sends uplink reference signals to each TRP within the cooperative cluster.

[0096] Common uplink reference signals include the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), which helps the TRP estimate channel state information with the terminal.

[0097] After receiving the uplink reference signal sent by the terminal, each TRP (including the primary TRP) within the cooperative cluster processes the signal. This includes demodulating the signal and converting the received radio frequency signal into a baseband signal.

[0098] Channel estimation algorithms (such as least squares method, minimum mean square error algorithm, etc.) are used to estimate the channel response from the terminal to each TRP based on the received reference signal.

[0099] Based on the channel responses estimated by each TRP, the interference matrix estimate within the cooperative cluster is further calculated. Since there are multiple TRPs within the cooperative cluster, signals from different TRPs may interfere with each other during transmission. The interference matrix is ​​used to describe this interference relationship.

[0100] For example, for a cooperative cluster containing N TRPs, the interference matrix I is an N×N matrix, where the elements I ij This indicates the degree of interference that the i-th TRP receives from the j-th TRP signal. This degree of interference can be calculated by the relationship between the channel responses.

[0101] Obtain the transmission parameters of the TRP within the cooperative cluster and the reception parameters of the terminal, specifically:

[0102] Each Transmitter Relay (TRP) has its own transmission parameter settings, which determine the strength and quality of the transmitted signal. The TRP can obtain its current transmit power value through its own configuration information or the network management system. When transmitting signals, the TRP uses a specific modulation scheme, such as Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) or 16-QAM. The choice of modulation scheme affects the signal transmission rate and interference immunity; the TRP records and provides information about the currently used modulation scheme. Furthermore, TRPs are typically equipped with multiple transmit antennas, and different antenna configurations affect the signal transmission direction and spatial characteristics. The TRP obtains its own configuration information, including the number of transmit antennas and their arrangement.

[0103] Therefore, when implementing this case, the transmission parameters of TRP, including the aforementioned parameter values ​​that affect signal transmission, need to be considered when solving the downlink coding matrix.

[0104] Obtain the terminal's received parameters:

[0105] Reception parameters include receiver sensitivity, which represents the minimum power level at which a terminal can reliably receive signals; it reflects the terminal's ability to receive weak signals. The terminal can obtain this parameter through its own hardware parameters or system configuration.

[0106] Similar to TRP, the number and configuration of receiving antennas also affect the terminal's signal reception and processing capabilities. The terminal records and provides its own number of receiving antennas and related configuration information.

[0107] The environment in which the terminal operates contains various types of noise, and the noise level affects the quality of signal reception. The terminal can estimate the current noise level by measuring the noise signal it receives.

[0108] Based on the interference matrix estimate, the transmission parameters, and the reception parameters, a preset objective function is solved to obtain the downlink precoding matrix within the cooperative cluster.

[0109] It should be noted that the objective function is defined based on the performance requirements and optimization objectives of the communication system. Common objective functions include maximizing system capacity, maximizing transmission rate, minimizing bit error rate, and minimizing interference. Setting the objective function can also consider multiple factors.

[0110] The previously calculated interference matrix estimate, the obtained TRP transmission parameters, and the terminal reception parameters are substituted into the objective function. For example, in the above objective function, the interference matrix estimate can be used to more accurately estimate the channel matrix H, information such as transmit power in the transmission parameters can affect the preprocessing strength of the signal by the precoding matrix, and the terminal reception parameters, such as the noise level, directly participate in the calculation of the objective function.

[0111] The objective function is solved using a suitable optimization algorithm (such as gradient descent, convex optimization, etc.) to obtain the downlink precoding matrix that makes the objective function optimal.

[0112] It should be noted that in practical applications, the algorithm continuously adjusts the element values ​​of the precoding matrix based on the characteristics of the objective function and constraints until the optimal solution is found. The resulting downlink precoding matrix will be used by the TRP within the cooperative cluster to preprocess the downlink signal, thereby optimizing the signal transmission performance.

[0113] This application embodiment calculates a suitable downlink precoding matrix based on the terminal's uplink reference signal and the relevant parameters of the TRP and the terminal within the cooperative cluster, thereby optimizing the communication performance within the cooperative cluster.

[0114] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the objective function is an objective function that aims to maximize the data rate of the terminal and minimize the interference caused to other clusters.

[0115] An objective function is constructed by combining the goals of maximizing the terminal's data rate and minimizing interference to other clusters.

[0116] Specifically, the data rate can be expressed using the Shannon formula and is related to the channel capacity; interference to other clusters can be measured by the product of the interference matrix and the precoding matrix.

[0117] Substituting the previously calculated interference matrix estimate, the TRP's transmission parameters, and the terminal's reception parameters into the objective function, a suitable optimization algorithm (such as the Lagrange multiplier method or gradient descent method) is used to solve the objective function. During the solution process, the algorithm continuously adjusts the element values ​​of the precoding matrix to optimize the objective function. The resulting downlink precoding matrix will be used by the TRP within the cooperative cluster to preprocess the downlink signal to achieve the optimization objective.

[0118] By combining the goals of maximizing data rate and minimizing interference, resources can be allocated more effectively in communication environments where multiple cooperative clusters coexist, thereby increasing the overall capacity of the system. The cooperative clusters can work more harmoniously, reducing mutual interference and thus improving the performance of the entire communication network, providing users with better communication service quality.

[0119] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the process of updating the cooperative cluster is specifically as follows:

[0120] Before starting to update the cooperative cluster, the preset convergence conditions need to be defined.

[0121] It should be noted that convergence conditions are usually set based on the changes in the objective function or certain characteristics of the precoding matrix.

[0122] For example, if the objective function is to maximize the terminal data rate and minimize interference to other clusters, the objective function is considered to have reached its optimal solution and met the convergence condition when the difference between the objective function values ​​obtained from two consecutive iterations is less than a certain preset threshold. When setting the convergence condition based on the elements of the downlink precoding matrix, the corresponding elements of the obtained downlink precoding matrix are checked. If all elements meet the preset conditions and communication quality can be maintained, then the convergence condition is met.

[0123] After obtaining the downlink precoding matrix, it is immediately judged according to the preset convergence conditions.

[0124] If the result indicates that the downlink precoding matrix does not meet the preset convergence conditions, then the cooperative cluster needs to be updated.

[0125] When updating the cooperative cluster, specific measures that can be taken include:

[0126] Adding TRPs, for example, involves adding TRPs with good surrounding channel conditions and minimal interference to other clusters to the cooperative cluster. These new TRPs may provide additional signal gain, helping to improve the terminal's data rate. Removing TRPs involves removing TRPs that contribute little to the terminal's data rate improvement or cause significant interference to other clusters from the cooperative cluster. Adjusting terminal associations involves reassociating terminals with TRPs in the current cooperative cluster if the channel conditions are poor. In practice, specific measures for cooperative cluster updates can be selected based on the downlink precoding matrix.

[0127] After the cooperative cluster is updated, the downlink precoding matrix is ​​redefined.

[0128] It should be noted that the process of re-determining the downlink coding matrix includes: re-collecting the TRP's transmission parameters and the terminal's reception parameters based on the updated cooperative cluster; recalculating the interference matrix estimate within the updated cooperative cluster; and again using the preset coding scheme and objective function, combined with the new parameters and interference matrix estimate, to obtain the new downlink precoding matrix. The specific implementation process has been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0129] If the result indicates that the downlink precoding matrix meets the preset convergence condition, then the current cooperative cluster and downlink precoding matrix are considered to have reached a relatively ideal state, and the latest cooperative cluster and downlink precoding matrix are output.

[0130] The latest cooperative cluster and downlink precoding matrix output will be used in subsequent communication processes. The TRP within the cooperative cluster will use the downlink precoding matrix to preprocess the downlink signal in order to maximize the terminal data rate and minimize interference to other clusters.

[0131] It should be noted that in practical applications, the above steps are usually iterated multiple times until the downlink precoding matrix meets the convergence condition. Each iteration adjusts and optimizes the cooperative clusters based on the previous results, gradually approaching the optimal cooperative clusters and downlink precoding matrix, thereby continuously improving the performance of the communication system.

[0132] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, when performing convergence condition judgment and cooperative cluster update in the above steps, specifically:

[0133] The downlink precoding matrix is ​​a matrix used to preprocess the signal to be sent to the terminal. It can adjust the amplitude, phase, and other characteristics of the signal to optimize signal transmission. In a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, each TRP (transmitter-receiver point) processes the signal it is about to transmit based on the downlink precoding matrix.

[0134] For each TRP in the cooperative cluster, the transmit power is calculated based on its transmitted signal vector and downlink precoding matrix. Specifically, the calculation can be based on the definition of power to determine the transmit power of each TRP when transmitting signals to the terminal.

[0135] A preset threshold value is set in advance. The system presets a transmit power threshold value ∈, which is determined comprehensively based on factors such as the performance requirements of the communication system, noise level, and channel fading. For example, if the communication environment has high noise, a relatively high threshold value may be set to ensure reliable signal transmission; if the channel conditions are good, the threshold value can be appropriately reduced.

[0136] The calculated transmit power for each TRP to different terminals Compare with the preset threshold value ∈. If it exists... If the transmit power allocated by the nth Transmit Responsible Node (TRP) of the kth cluster to the kth terminal is lower than a preset threshold, then the current configuration of the cooperative cluster and downlink precoding matrix is ​​considered to fail to meet the convergence condition. This is because insufficient transmit power may mean that the TRP contributes little to the signal transmission of the terminal, or even fail to guarantee reliable signal transmission, thus affecting the performance of the entire cooperative cluster.

[0137] Once a TRP is identified with a transmit power lower than a preset threshold, that TRP is removed from the current cooperative cluster. The master TRP sends a command to that TRP, informing it to cease participating in communication between the current cooperative cluster and the terminal.

[0138] In each iteration, users in the cluster are assigned TRPs with lower transmit power and removed from the current cluster until convergence, completing the dynamic cooperative cluster construction. Low-power TRPs may not only fail to transmit signals effectively but may also interfere with other TRPs or other cooperative clusters. Removing them from the cooperative cluster reduces this unnecessary interference and lowers the overall system interference level. This helps improve the effective utilization of the spectrum, reduces the impact of interference on other users or cooperative clusters, and thus improves the quality and stability of the entire communication network. Setting a transmit power threshold and using it to determine the convergence condition can accelerate the system's convergence speed. When the system iterates towards the optimal state, timely removal of unsuitable TRPs allows subsequent calculations and adjustments to be more targeted, avoiding wasting time and resources on invalid or inefficient configurations, thereby achieving the ideal cooperative cluster configuration and downlink precoding matrix more quickly, reducing computational complexity, and improving system operating efficiency.

[0139] In yet another embodiment provided by the present invention, see Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the cluster construction and precoding method provided in this embodiment of the invention. In specific implementation:

[0140] Each TRP sends downlink pilot signals to the terminal, including the TRP of the current cluster sending signals to terminals within the cooperating cluster, the TRP of other clusters sending signals to terminals within other cooperating clusters, and the TRP of other clusters sending signals to terminals within the current cooperating cluster.

[0141] The current cluster's endpoints select a primary TRP, construct an initial cooperative cluster, and report the RSRP to the primary TRP;

[0142] The RSRP reported by the primary TRP terminal and the initial cooperative cluster;

[0143] The primary TRP initializes the precoding within the cooperative cluster, that is, the primary TRP initializes the downlink precoding matrix v from each TRP within the cooperative cluster to the current cluster terminal. k And send downlink reference signals.

[0144] The main TRP needs to use an appropriate method to initialize the downlink precoding matrix v k .

[0145] It should be noted that common initialization methods include random initialization and initialization based on channel statistics. The main TRP can randomly generate matrix v based on the matrix's dimensions. k The element values. Or initialization based on channel statistics: If the master TRP has obtained channel statistics beforehand, such as the channel's average fading characteristics, correlation matrix, etc., this information can be used for initialization. For example, the initial amplitude of the matrix elements can be adjusted according to the channel's average gain.

[0146] The master TRP generates a downlink precoding matrix according to the selected initialization method, preparing for subsequent signal transmission. The master TRP generates a downlink reference signal for channel estimation. The master TRP precodes the generated reference signal using the initialized downlink precoding matrix. The purpose of precoding is to adjust the reference signal to better adapt to channel conditions during transmission, improving signal transmission performance. The master TRP transmits the precoded downlink reference signal through the various TRPs within the cooperative cluster.

[0147] Currently, terminals within the cooperative cluster receive downlink reference signals from the primary TRP and other TRPs. During reception, the terminals perform signal acquisition and synchronization operations to accurately obtain the reference signals. The terminals then use the received reference signals for channel estimation.

[0148] It should be noted that common channel estimation algorithms include the least squares (LS) method and the minimum mean square error (MMSE) method.

[0149] The terminal will estimate the channel information H i,kThe quantization process is performed, and the quantized channel information is sent to the master TRP via the uplink feedback channel.

[0150] The master TRP receives channel information feedback from each terminal. During the reception process, the master TRP decodes and dequantizes the feedback information to recover the original channel estimate. It also acquires intra-cluster channel information, specifically the current intra-cluster channel information H. k =[H 1,k ,…,H N,k ] T .

[0151] In another embodiment of the present invention, when calculating the interference matrix estimate, specifically: each cluster estimates the interference matrix based on the uplink reference signal. Characterizes the interference caused by the k-th cluster to other clusters;

[0152] Terminal adopts As the uplink precoding matrix, the SRS sequence is transmitted, where F≤1 is a constant factor used to satisfy the transmit power constraint;

[0153] Specifically, see Figure 3 Neighboring cluster terminals exchange constant factors F with the current cluster master TRP, and the master TRP receives the exchange constant factors sent by the neighboring cluster terminals.

[0154] The SRS sequences received by each TRP within the cooperative cluster and exchanged with the master TRP;

[0155] The main TRP calculates the intra-cluster uplink received signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) covariance matrix based on the intra-cluster received SRS sequence.

[0156] The interference matrix estimate is calculated based on the in-cluster uplink received signal-to-interference ratio covariance matrix and the interaction constant factor.

[0157] The terminal uses a specific uplink precoding matrix to send SRS sequences. The master TRP calculates the intra-cluster uplink signal-to-interference ratio covariance matrix based on the received SRS sequences exchanged between TRPs within the cooperative cluster. Then, based on the constant factors exchanged between neighboring cluster terminals, it derives the estimated value of the interference matrix caused by the current cluster to other clusters.

[0158] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, when performing interference matrix estimation, specifically:

[0159] Terminal adopts As an uplink precoding matrix, the SRS sequence is transmitted.

[0160] Where w k For receiving the merger, Γ k Let F be the weight matrix, and F be the interaction constant factor, F≤1, used to satisfy the transmit power constraint.

[0161] The main TRP calculates the intra-cluster uplink reception covariance matrix based on the intra-cluster received SRS sequence:

[0162]

[0163] Then, the signal-to-interference ratio covariance matrix can be calculated.

[0164] Based on the neighbor cluster interaction information, namely the constant factor F of the neighbor cluster terminals, the main TRP derives the estimated value of the interference matrix caused by the current cluster to other clusters.

[0165] The interference matrix estimated by the current cluster to other clusters is derived by deriving the constant factor of the interaction between neighboring cluster terminals, thus reducing the computational complexity.

[0166] In another embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the transmission parameters of the TRP within the cooperative cluster and the reception parameters of the terminal includes:

[0167] The transmit power allocated to other terminals is reported by each TRP within the cooperative cluster and used as a transmission parameter.

[0168] Specifically, within the cooperative cluster, each TRP allocates transmit power to the various terminals (including other terminals) it serves based on its own resource management strategy, channel conditions, and terminal requirements. The TRP records the transmit power value allocated to each terminal in real time. For example, the TRP may dynamically adjust the transmit power allocation to different terminals based on factors such as the distance between the terminal and itself, and channel fading. Terminals that are closer and have better channel conditions may be allocated relatively less power, while terminals that are farther away or have poorer channel conditions may be allocated more power.

[0169] The TRP reports the transmit power information allocated to other terminals to the main TRP according to the system's prescribed period or when a specific event is triggered (such as when the power allocation changes).

[0170] The master TRP receives transmit power reports from each TRP within the cooperative cluster. It parses and organizes the received information, classifying and storing the transmit power information assigned by different TRPs to different terminals for later use. It also receives the receive combiner and weight matrix reported by the terminals (to obtain receive parameters).

[0171] The terminal receives the receiver merger and weight matrix calculation. The main TRP receives the receiver merger and weight matrix reported by the terminal as the receiving parameters.

[0172] The terminal calculates a receiver combiner and a weight matrix based on the received signals from multiple TRPs within the cooperative cluster. The receiver combiner combines the signals transmitted by multiple TRPs to improve the quality of the received signal. The weight matrix determines the weight of each TRP signal during the combining process. The terminal may employ signal processing algorithms (such as maximum ratio combining algorithms) to calculate the weight matrix, maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio of the combined signal. For example, appropriate weight values ​​can be calculated based on the amplitude and phase information of each TRP signal to form the weight matrix.

[0173] The terminal reports the calculated receiver combiner and weight matrix information to the master TRP.

[0174] The main TRP or related nodes receive the receiver merger and weight matrix information reported by the terminal.

[0175] By acquiring the transmit power information allocated to other terminals by each TRP, the master TRP can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the power resource allocation within the cooperative cluster. This allows for further optimization and adjustment of transmit power based on actual needs and channel conditions, avoiding waste or unreasonable allocation of power resources. By acquiring the receiver combiner and weight matrix reported by the terminals, the master TRP can adjust the parameters of the transmitted signal (such as the precoding matrix) according to the terminal's reception status, better matching the terminal's reception requirements, thereby improving the quality of the received signal, reducing the bit error rate, and enhancing the reliability of data transmission.

[0176] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, when calculating the downlink precoding matrix, specifically:

[0177] Substitute the interference matrix estimate, the transmission parameters, and the reception parameters into the objective function to calculate the downlink precoding matrix corresponding to the optimal state of the objective function under preset constraints.

[0178] It should be noted that the objective function is set according to the system's optimization goals, and can be constructed with goals such as maximizing the terminal's data rate, minimizing interference to other clusters, and maximizing system capacity.

[0179] Substitute the transmission parameters, such as the transmit power allocated to other terminals, reported by each TRP within the receiving cooperative cluster into the objective function and constraints. The transmit power parameters will affect the parts of the objective function related to signal strength and power, and will also be used to satisfy the power constraints.

[0180] Substitute the receiver parameters, such as the receiver combiner and weight matrix reported by the receiving terminal, into the objective function. These parameters affect the terminal's signal reception and processing, thus influencing the portion of the objective function related to the terminal's data rate.

[0181] Wherein, the objective function

[0182] The constraints include: v k Let be the downlink precoding matrix of the cooperative cluster where the k-th terminal is located. This is the estimated value of the interference matrix. R is the penalty term, representing the interference caused to other clusters. k (v k ) represents the data rate of the k-th terminal. P represents the transmit power allocated by the nth TRP within the cooperative cluster to the kth terminal. n,-k The nth TRP within the cooperative cluster allocates transmit power to other terminals, P max This represents the maximum transmit power for a single TRP.

[0183] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the method further includes:

[0184] The received SRS sequence is uploaded to the primary TRP marked in the cooperative cluster.

[0185] Specifically, this TRP acts as the primary TRP for terminals within this cooperative cluster, performing cluster construction and precoding processes. The BENTRP should also act as a non-primary TRP for other clusters, uploading the received SRS sequences to the primary TRP of its cooperative cluster. This ensures that all TRPs within the region provide communication services to different terminal clusters and guarantees the communication quality of all terminals within the region.

[0186] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a cluster construction and precoding method applied to a terminal, the method comprising:

[0187] The primary TRP is determined based on the received downlink signals, and the initial cooperative cluster is constructed.

[0188] The cooperative cluster is reported to the primary TRP so that the primary TRP can make decisions based on the cooperative cluster.

[0189] Specifically, the terminal continuously receives downlink signals from multiple surrounding Transmitter Receiving Points (TRPs). These downlink signals may include Cell Specific Reference Signals (CRS), Synchronization Signals (SS), etc., which carry information such as the TRP's identification, location, and signal strength.

[0190] The terminal measures the downlink signals of each received TRP, with key measurement indicators including signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Power (RSRP)) and signal quality (e.g., Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR). For example, the terminal calculates the RSRP value of each TRP signal based on the received reference signal to assess the signal strength.

[0191] Based on the measurement results, the terminal selects the primary TRP according to preset indicators and constructs the initial cooperative cluster.

[0192] It should be noted that a common selection criterion is to choose the TRP with the strongest signal strength or the best signal quality as the primary TRP. For example, if the terminal measures the RSRP of TRP1 to be -80dBm and the RSRP of TRP2 to be -90dBm, under the same conditions, the terminal will select TRP1 as the primary TRP.

[0193] The terminal generates uplink signals to report to the master TRP. These uplink signals may be sounding reference signals (SRS) used for channel estimation, or they may contain some state information of the terminal (such as the terminal's location, service requirements, etc.). For example, the terminal generates SRS signals on specific time and frequency resources according to system requirements.

[0194] After receiving the uplink signal from the terminal, the master TRP determines the cooperative cluster to communicate with the terminal. The cooperative cluster is a set of multiple TRPs that will jointly communicate with the terminal.

[0195] The main TRP determines the downlink precoding matrix based on the identified cooperative clusters, and updates the cooperative clusters based on the obtained downlink precoding matrix.

[0196] The proposed solution constructs a dynamic cooperative cluster centered on the user, estimates neighboring cell interference based on uplink pilot signals, designs a precoding matrix, and dynamically updates the cooperative cluster. The solution has low complexity and is easy to implement.

[0197] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the method further includes:

[0198] The receiver combiner and weight matrix are calculated based on the received downlink signal and uploaded to the main TRP as receiving parameters;

[0199] Specifically, when the terminal merges the receiver and weight matrix at high speed, see [reference needed]. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the low-complexity distributed MIMO transmission scheme provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0200] Consider a downlink multi-user communication system consisting of N TRPs and K terminals, each TRP being equipped with N terminals. t One antenna, each terminal equipped with N r Root antenna.

[0201] The precoding for the k-th terminal will be written as v. k The received signal is represented as:

[0202] y k=H k v k s k +∑ k′≠k H k v k′ s k′ +n k ;

[0203] Among them, y k , representing the signal received by the k-th terminal.

[0204] H k , represents the channel matrix from all TRPs to the k-th terminal, which describes the transmission characteristics of signals from the TRP to the k-th terminal.

[0205] v k It is the downlink precoding matrix for the k-th terminal, used to preprocess the signal sent to the k-th terminal.

[0206] s k It is the signal scalar sent to the k-th terminal, usually a modulated complex value signal.

[0207] ∑ k′≠k H k v k′ s k′ , represents the interference signal from other terminals (i.e., k′=k), that is, the interference generated by the signals of other terminals other than the kth terminal after being transmitted through the channel to the kth terminal.

[0208] n k This represents the noise signal received by the k-th terminal, which is usually assumed to be additive white Gaussian noise.

[0209] The covariance matrix of the received signal is then:

[0210]

[0211] in, Let represent the received signal-to-interference ratio covariance matrix of the k-th terminal.

[0212] E[]: Represents the expectation operation. That is, the received signal vector y k Its conjugate transpose y k H Find the expectation of the product of the products.

[0213] It is the covariance contribution of the signal part, reflecting the statistical characteristics of the transmitted signal after passing through the channel and precoding processing.

[0214] It is the covariance contribution of interference signals from other terminals, σ2 It is the noise power, and I represents the covariance contribution of the noise.

[0215] The receiver combiner of the kth terminal

[0216] The weight matrix of the k-th terminal

[0217] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the primary TRP is the TRP with the highest RSRP value among the downlink signals received by the terminal.

[0218] When determining the primary TRP, the terminal selects the TRP with the highest RSRP as the primary TRP to ensure the communication quality of the primary TRP. It also constructs an initial cooperative cluster based on the RSRP values ​​of the downlink signals sent by each TRP, thereby optimizing the quality of the cooperative cluster.

[0219] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the method further includes:

[0220] The SRS sequence is determined based on the calculated uplink precoding matrix and sent to the main TRP;

[0221] Wherein, the uplink precoding matrix w k For receiving the merger, Γ k Let F be the weight matrix, and F be the interaction constant factor.

[0222] The terminal supports the main TRP in performing cluster construction and precoding by sending an SRS sequence that includes an uplink precoding matrix, thereby reducing the complexity of cluster construction and precoding.

[0223] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the method further includes:

[0224] The calculated interaction constant factors are uploaded to the main TRP of the neighboring cluster.

[0225] The terminal supports the main TRP in cluster construction and precoding by sending interactive constant factors, thereby reducing the complexity of cluster construction and precoding.

[0226] In another embodiment of the present invention, the solution of this application is practically applied in a communication system, which is equipped with 8 access points. Access points in the communication system connect terminal devices to the core network and serve as hubs for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. For example, in a Wi-Fi network, a wireless router is equivalent to an access point. Multiple access points can expand network coverage and increase system capacity. The system has 4 user devices. User devices are terminals of the communication system, such as mobile phones and laptops, which communicate with access points to achieve data transmission and other functions. Each access point is equipped with 8 antennas. Multi-antenna configurations are very common in modern wireless communication systems. For example, in MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology, multiple transmit antennas and multiple receive antennas can achieve spatial multiplexing, spatial diversity, and other functions, thereby improving the system's transmission rate and reliability. Each user device is equipped with 2 antennas. Similarly, the multi-antenna configuration of user devices helps improve their ability to receive and transmit signals, achieving better communication performance in conjunction with the multi-antenna configuration of the access points. The system operates at a frequency of 3.5 GHz. This frequency band belongs to the microwave frequency band and is widely used in wireless communication. For example, in 5G communication systems, the 3.5GHz frequency band is an important frequency resource with relatively good propagation characteristics and bandwidth resources, which can support high-speed data transmission.

[0227] Different algorithms are used in practice in this system, including centralized algorithms, the low-complexity algorithm provided in this application, cluster-independent decision-making algorithms, network-centric algorithms, and cellular network algorithms. See also Figure 5 This is a graph showing the relationship between the transmit signal-to-noise ratio and the total data rate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0228] The results show that the proposed low-complexity cluster construction and precoding method can achieve a higher total data rate than traditional schemes and is close to the ideal upper bound (only about 7% lower than the ideal upper bound).

[0229] See Figure 6 The figures show simulation results of the computational complexity of different algorithms provided in the embodiments of the present invention. They include a comparison of the computational complexity of the centralized algorithm at 2 TRP per cluster, 3 TRP per cluster, 4 TRP per cluster, and 5 TRP per cluster.

[0230] Simulation results show that the computational complexity of the proposed low-complexity cluster construction and precoding method increases as the cooperative clusters grow. When each cooperative cluster contains 3 TRPs, its computational complexity is only a fraction of the ideal upper bound.

[0231] The proposed solution employs a distributed algorithm, which reduces the computational complexity to 1 / 8 of the original while ensuring that the total user data rate is close to the ideal solution, thus facilitating the practical implementation of the solution.

[0232] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a cluster construction and precoding apparatus, see [link to previous document]. Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a cluster construction and precoding apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention, applied to TRP. The apparatus includes:

[0233] The acquisition module is used to acquire the collaborative clusters built by the terminal;

[0234] The encoding module is used to determine the downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative cluster;

[0235] An update module is used to update the cooperative cluster based on the downlink precoding matrix.

[0236] The cluster construction and precoding apparatus provided in this embodiment can perform all the steps and functions applied to TRP in the cluster construction and precoding method provided in any of the above embodiments. The specific functions of the apparatus will not be described in detail here.

[0237] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a cluster construction and precoding apparatus for use in a terminal, the apparatus comprising:

[0238] The cluster building module is used to determine the primary TRP based on the received downlink signals and to build the initial cooperative cluster;

[0239] The reporting module is used to report the cooperative cluster to the master TRP, so that the master TRP can determine the downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative cluster and update the cooperative cluster.

[0240] The cluster construction and precoding apparatus provided in this embodiment can execute all the steps and functions applied to the terminal in the cluster construction and precoding method provided in any of the above embodiments. The specific functions of the apparatus will not be described in detail here.

[0241] See Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a communication device 400 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The communication device 400 includes a processor 41, a memory 42, and a computer program stored in the memory 42 and executable on the processor 41. When the processor 41 executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments for cluster construction and precoding.

[0242] For example, the computer program may be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory 42 and executed by the processor 41 to complete the present invention. The one or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which describe the execution process of the computer program in the communication device 400.

[0243] The communication device 400 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 41 and a memory 42. Those skilled in the art will understand that the schematic diagram is merely an example of the communication device 400 and does not constitute a limitation on the communication device 400. It may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or different components. For example, the communication device 400 may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0244] The processor 41 can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor 41 is the control center of the communication device 400, connecting all parts of the communication device 400 via various interfaces and lines.

[0245] The memory 42 can be used to store the computer programs and / or modules. The processor 41 implements various functions of the communication device 400 by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory 42 and calling the data stored in the memory 42. The memory 42 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, phonebook, etc.). In addition, the memory 42 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0246] Wherein, if the modules / units integrated in the communication device 400 are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments of the present invention can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by the processor 41, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc.

[0247] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cluster construction and precoding, characterized in that, Applied to the Transmitter Point (TRP), the method includes: Obtain the collaborative cluster built by the terminal; Determine the downlink precoding matrix within the cooperative cluster based on the cooperative cluster; The cooperative cluster is updated based on the downlink precoding matrix.

2. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The downlink precoding matrix is ​​determined based on the cooperative cluster, including: Calculate the estimated value of the interference matrix within the cooperative cluster; Obtain the transmission parameters of the TRP within the cooperative cluster and the reception parameters of the terminal; Based on the interference matrix estimate, the transmission parameters, and the reception parameters, a preset objective function is solved to obtain the downlink precoding matrix within the cooperative cluster.

3. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The objective function is one that aims to maximize the data rate of the terminal while minimizing interference to other cooperating clusters.

4. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of updating the cooperative cluster based on the downlink precoding matrix includes: When the downlink precoding matrix does not meet the preset convergence condition, the cooperative cluster is updated, and the downlink precoding matrix is ​​re-determined based on the updated cooperative cluster. When the redefined downlink precoding matrix meets the convergence condition, the latest cooperative cluster and the redefined downlink precoding matrix are output.

5. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The step of updating the cooperative cluster when the downlink precoding matrix does not meet the preset convergence condition includes: The transmit power of each TRP within the cooperative cluster sending signals to the terminal is determined based on the downlink precoding matrix; When there is a Transmitter Request (TRP) with a transmit power less than a preset threshold, it is determined that the convergence condition is not met; the TRPs within the cluster with transmit power less than the threshold are removed from the cooperative cluster, and the cooperative cluster is updated.

6. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the collaborative cluster built by the terminal, the method further includes: Initialize the downlink precoding matrix from each TRP within the cooperative cluster to the terminal, and send downlink reference signals based on the initial downlink precoding matrix; Obtain channel information within the cooperative cluster.

7. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the interference matrix estimate within the cooperative cluster includes: The uplink precoding matrix of the terminal is determined based on the SRS sequence sent by the terminal. Receive the SRS sequences reported by each TRP within the cooperative cluster; The uplink received signal-to-interference ratio (SRS) covariance matrix within the cluster is calculated based on the uplink precoding matrix and the SRS sequences reported by each TRP within the cooperative cluster. Receive the interaction constant factor sent by neighboring cluster terminals; The interference matrix estimate is calculated based on the in-cluster uplink received signal-to-interference ratio covariance matrix and the interaction constant factor.

8. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The interference matrix estimate Where F is the interaction constant factor, Let be the uplink received signal-to-interference ratio covariance matrix within the cluster.

9. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the transmission parameters of the TRP within the cooperative cluster and the reception parameters of the terminal includes: The transmit power allocated to other terminals reported by each TRP within the cooperative cluster is received and used as the transmission parameter; The receiver merger and weight matrix reported by the terminal are received as the receiving parameters.

10. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of solving a preset objective function based on the interference matrix estimate, the transmission parameters, and the reception parameters to obtain the downlink precoding matrix within the cooperative cluster includes: Substitute the interference matrix estimate, the transmission parameters, and the reception parameters into the objective function to calculate the downlink precoding matrix corresponding to the optimal state of the objective function under preset constraints. Wherein, the objective function The constraints include: v k Let be the downlink precoding matrix of the cooperative cluster where the k-th terminal is located. This is the estimated value of the interference matrix. R is the penalty term, representing the interference caused to other clusters. k (v k ) represents the data rate of the k-th terminal. P represents the transmit power allocated by the nth TRP within the cooperative cluster to the kth terminal. n,-k The nth TRP within the cooperative cluster allocates transmit power to other terminals, P max This represents the maximum transmit power for a single TRP.

11. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The received SRS sequence is uploaded to the primary TRP marked in the cooperative cluster.

12. A method for cluster construction and precoding, characterized in that, Applied to a terminal, the method includes: The primary TRP is determined based on the received downlink signals, and the initial cooperative cluster is constructed. The cooperative cluster is reported to the master TRP so that the master TRP can determine the downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative cluster and update the cooperative cluster.

13. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: The receiver combiner and weight matrix are calculated based on the received downlink signal and uploaded to the main TRP as receiving parameters; The receiver merger The weight matrix H k For the intra-cluster channel information of the cooperative cluster, C k Let v be the covariance matrix of the received signal. k This is the initial downlink precoding matrix.

14. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: The SRS sequence is determined based on the calculated uplink precoding matrix and sent to the main TRP; Wherein, the uplink precoding matrix w k For receiving the merger, Γ k Let F be the weight matrix, and F be the interaction constant factor.

15. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The process of determining the primary TRP based on the received downlink signal and constructing the initial cooperative cluster includes: The TRP corresponding to the signal with the highest RSRP value among the downlink signals sent by each TRP is taken as the master TRP; The initial cooperative cluster is constructed based on the RSRP values ​​of the downlink signals sent by each TRP.

16. The cluster construction and precoding method as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: The calculated interaction constant factors are uploaded to the main TRP of the neighboring cluster.

17. An apparatus for cluster construction and precoding, characterized in that, Applied to TRP, the device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the collaborative clusters built by the terminal; The encoding module is used to determine the downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative cluster; An update module is used to update the cooperative cluster based on the downlink precoding matrix.

18. An apparatus for cluster construction and precoding, characterized in that, Applied to a terminal, the device includes: The cluster building module is used to determine the primary TRP based on the received downlink signals and to build the initial cooperative cluster; The reporting module is used to report the cooperative cluster to the master TRP, so that the master TRP can determine the downlink precoding matrix based on the cooperative cluster and update the cooperative cluster.

19. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the cluster construction and precoding method as described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

20. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the cluster construction and precoding method as described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

21. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the cluster construction and precoding method as described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

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