Terminal OTA performance test system and method based on bifocal closed cavity

Abstract

The application provides a terminal OTA performance test system and method based on a double-focus closed cavity, relates to the technical field of communication test, and adopts a closed cavity which is composed of left and right rotating parabolic reflectors and an ellipsoidal reflector, wherein a terminal to be measured and a measurement antenna are respectively arranged at left and right focal points of the cavity, and the system simultaneously supports TRP and TIS test; the overall structure is low in cost, compact in structure, and based on a test mode, a wave-absorbing material baffle can be selected to absorb stray energy directly radiated to the parabolic reflector on the other side and to block direct waves. During the test, the terminal maximum radiation direction (maximum receiving direction) is directed to the left parabolic reflector sidewall or the minimum radiation direction (minimum receiving direction) is directed to the right parabolic reflector according to whether the wave-absorbing material baffle is arranged or not, so that the threshold is calibrated to determine the qualification. The application is high in test efficiency and suitable for the requirement of production line batch test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication testing technology, and more particularly to a terminal OTA (Over-the-Air) performance testing system and method based on a dual-focus closed cavity. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing process of mobile communication terminals (taking mobile phones as an example), OTA performance testing is a crucial step in ensuring that the terminal's radiation performance meets design requirements and industry standards. According to relevant standards and specifications from CTIA (Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association) and 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), OTA performance testing mainly includes two core indicators: Total Radiated Power (TRP) and Total Isotropic Sensitivity (TIS). TRP is used to evaluate the terminal's transmit capability, while TIS is used to evaluate the terminal's receive sensitivity performance.

[0003] Traditional OTA performance testing methods are typically conducted in a microwave anechoic chamber. The basic procedure involves placing the device under test (DUT) on a turntable and rotating it in steps along both azimuth and elevation angles. At each sampling angle, the radiated power (TRP) or receiver sensitivity (TIS) of the DUT is measured. The TRP or TIS value is then obtained through surface integral. Taking TIS testing as an example, sensitivity searching needs to be performed point-by-point across dozens of spatial sampling points / polarizations, and a single comprehensive single-channel TIS test can take over an hour.

[0004] Traditional OTA performance testing methods have at least the following drawbacks in practical applications: 1) Low testing efficiency; TRP testing requires measuring radiated power point-by-point at hundreds of angle sampling points, while TIS testing requires sensitivity searching at each sampling point, which is even more time-consuming. A single complete OTA performance (TRP and TIS) test often takes several hours, which is completely unacceptable for the rapid batch testing requirements of production lines. 2) High equipment cost; Traditional OTA testing systems (including far-field anechoic chambers, compact-field anechoic chambers, etc.) occupy a large area (usually several meters to tens of meters), have high construction costs, and require complex equipment such as precision turntables and multi-probe arrays, with equally high maintenance costs. 3) Poor adaptability to production line environments; Existing OTA testing systems have stringent requirements for the testing environment, needing to be conducted in a shielded anechoic chamber, and are subject to strict limitations on environmental temperature, humidity, and other conditions, making them difficult to deploy directly on the production line. 4) Complex calibration process; Traditional testing methods require strict substitution calibration between the standard antenna and the terminal under test, and the calibration process itself consumes a lot of time, further reducing testing efficiency. To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies have proposed solutions to improve OTA testing efficiency, such as parallel testing in multiple OTA anechoic chambers. Other solutions employ multi-feed compact field designs to achieve simultaneous multi-point sampling, which improves testing efficiency to some extent. However, these solutions still rely on traditional compact field or anechoic chamber structures, failing to fundamentally resolve the conflict between testing efficiency and equipment cost. Furthermore, existing OTA testing systems typically require complex alternative calibrations between standard antenna calibration and the testing of the device under test (DUT), a process that itself is time-consuming. For mobile terminal devices, whose antenna patterns are often asymmetrical and have low gain, rigorous absolute OTA specification calibration is not necessary for rapid production line screening, yet existing technologies lack simplified testing solutions for production line scenarios.

[0005] In summary, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and enable efficient OTA testing with low construction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes a terminal OTA performance testing system and method based on a dual-focus closed cavity. This invention enables efficient, low-cost, and rapid production line testing of terminal TRP and TIS indicators without relying on large OTA anechoic chambers and complex turntable systems.

[0007] In a first aspect of the present invention, a terminal OTA performance testing system based on a dual-focus closed cavity is proposed, comprising: a closed cavity structure, a terminal under test fixture, a measuring antenna, radio frequency testing instruments, and a test control unit; The closed cavity structure is composed of a left parabolic radiating reflector, a right parabolic radiating reflector, and an ellipsoidal reflector. The ellipsoidal reflector is located between the left and right parabolic radiating reflectors. The parabolic foci of the left and right parabolic radiating reflectors coincide with the left and right foci of the ellipsoidal reflector, respectively. The terminal under test fixture is located at the left focal point and is used to fix the terminal under test and make the phase center of the terminal under test coincide with the left focal point; The measuring antenna is positioned at the right focal point, and the phase center of the measuring antenna coincides with the right focal point. The radio frequency test instrument is connected to the measurement antenna and is used to measure radio frequency signal power or generate test signals; The test control unit is connected to the terminal under test and the radio frequency test instrument, and is used to control the terminal under test to transmit or receive test signals and record the test results measured by the radio frequency test instrument.

[0008] In a second aspect of the present invention, a terminal TRP testing method is proposed, which is executed based on the above-described system; the method includes: Determine the maximum and minimum radiation directions of the terminal under test within the target test frequency band; In the mode with absorbing material baffles, the maximum radiation direction is directed towards the sidewall or edge of the left-side parabolic reflector, so that the main energy is reflected by the sidewall of the left parabolic reflector, bypasses the absorption area of ​​the absorbing material baffle, and propagates to the right parabolic reflector and converges at the right focal point. At the same time, the absorbing material baffle absorbs stray signal energy directly incident on the right parabolic reflector and blocks the direct wave path. In the mode without absorbing material baffles, the minimum radiation direction is directed towards the right-side parabolic reflector, so that both stray signal energy and direct wave energy directly incident on the right parabolic reflector are in the lowest region of the terminal radiation pattern. Place the terminal under test at the left focal point in a preset posture, start transmitting the test signal, and measure the received power value at the right focal point. The measured received power value is compared with a preset qualified threshold to obtain the TRP performance judgment result.

[0009] In a third aspect of the present invention, a terminal TIS testing method is proposed, which is executed based on the above-described system; the method includes: Determine the maximum and minimum receiving directions of the terminal under test within the target test frequency band; In the mode with absorbing material baffle, the maximum receiving direction is directed towards the sidewall or edge of the left-hand parabolic rotator reflector; in the mode without absorbing material baffle, the minimum receiving direction is directed towards the right-hand parabolic rotator reflector, and the main lobe of the measuring antenna is avoided from being directly directed towards the left-hand parabolic rotator reflector. Place the terminal under test at the left focal point in a preset posture, transmit a test signal through the measuring antenna, and measure the receiving sensitivity value of the terminal under test. The measured sensitivity value is compared with the preset qualified threshold to obtain the TIS performance judgment result.

[0010] In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement a terminal OTA performance testing method based on a dual-focus closed cavity.

[0011] In a fifth aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements a terminal OTA performance testing method based on a dual-focus closed cavity.

[0012] In a sixth aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a terminal OTA performance testing method based on a dual-focus closed cavity.

[0013] The terminal OTA performance testing system and method proposed in this invention utilizes the full-space energy harvesting characteristics of a dual-focus closed cavity. By superimposing two equal-path main optical paths in phase, the system focuses the full-space radiated energy of the terminal under test onto the measuring antenna, enabling the acquisition of performance indicators reflecting TRP (Transmission Reactivity System) values ​​in a single measurement. Furthermore, based on the principle of electromagnetic reciprocity, TIS (Transmission Inspectorization) testing is completed within the same cavity, significantly shortening testing time and improving testing efficiency. Simultaneously, the main testing architecture of the system consists of only two paraboloids of revolution and one ellipsoid, forming a passive reflective cavity. This results in a compact structure, low cost, and high reliability, allowing for direct deployment on the production line. The system establishes the pass threshold using a metal-machine calibration method, eliminating the need for a standard antenna calibration process. During testing, an optional absorbing material baffle is placed at the midpoint of the line connecting the two focal points. This effectively absorbs stray signal energy directed toward the parabolic surface on the opposite side and blocks the line-of-sight direct wave, eliminating multiple reflections from undesigned optical paths and significantly improving measurement stability and repeatability. Combined with the flexible selection of two testing modes—with and without baffles—and a daily gold-machine verification mechanism, this enables efficient, low-cost, and highly reliable batch screening of mobile terminal OTA performance (TRP / TIS) on production lines. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal OTA performance testing system architecture based on a dual-focus closed cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal OTA performance testing system architecture based on a dual-focus closed cavity, according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the left-side paraboloid of revolution, the right-side paraboloid of revolution, and the ellipsoid of a closed cavity structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal OTA performance testing method based on a dual-focus closed cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal OTA performance testing method based on a dual-focus closed cavity, according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a computer device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The principles and spirit of the invention will now be described with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided merely to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make this disclosure more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0022] Those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as a system, apparatus, device, method, or computer program product. Therefore, this disclosure can be specifically implemented in the following forms: entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a terminal OTA performance testing system and method based on a dual-focus closed cavity is proposed, which relates to the field of communication testing technology.

[0024] The principles and spirit of the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal OTA performance testing system architecture based on a dual-focus closed cavity, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a closed cavity structure 110, a terminal under test fixture 120, a measuring antenna 130, an RF test instrument 140, and a test control unit 150; The closed cavity structure 110 is composed of a left parabolic radiating reflector 111, a right parabolic radiating reflector 112, and an ellipsoidal reflector 113. The ellipsoidal reflector 113 is located between the left parabolic radiating reflector 111 and the right parabolic radiating reflector 112. The parabolic foci of the left parabolic radiating reflector 111 and the right parabolic radiating reflector 112 coincide with the left focus F1 and the right focus F2 of the ellipsoidal surface of the ellipsoidal reflector 113, respectively. The terminal under test fixture 120 is set at the left focus F1 to fix the terminal under test 200 and make the phase center of the terminal under test 200 coincide with the left focus F1; The measuring antenna 130 is positioned at the right focus F2, and the phase center of the measuring antenna 130 coincides with the right focus F2. In one embodiment, the measurement antenna 130 is a standard gain horn antenna.

[0026] The radio frequency test instrument 140 is connected to the measurement antenna 130 and is used to measure the radio frequency signal power or generate a test signal. The test control unit 150 is connected to the terminal under test 200 and the radio frequency test instrument 140, and is used to control the terminal under test 200 to transmit or receive test signals and record the test results measured by the radio frequency test instrument 140.

[0027] Furthermore, for the terminal OTA performance testing system based on a dual-focus closed cavity proposed in this invention, an absorbing material baffle can also be set; depending on whether there is an absorbing material baffle or not, the corresponding modes with and without an absorbing material baffle can be executed respectively.

[0028] refer to Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal OTA performance testing system architecture based on a dual-focus closed cavity, according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the system also includes a wave-absorbing material baffle 160; The absorbing material baffle 160 is located at the midpoint of the line connecting the left focus F1 and the right focus F2, and is installed perpendicular to the cavity axis. During TRP testing, stray signal energy directly emitted from the terminal under test 200 to the right-side rotating parabolic reflector 112 is absorbed, and line-of-sight path signals from the terminal under test 200 to the measuring antenna 130 are blocked. During TIS testing, stray signal energy directly emitted from the measuring antenna 130 to the left-side rotating parabolic reflector 111 is absorbed, and the line-of-sight path signal from the measuring antenna 130 to the terminal under test 200 is blocked.

[0029] Specifically, the effective radius of the absorbing material baffle 160 is not less than half the aperture radius of the right-side parabolic reflector 112.

[0030] The edges of the wave-absorbing material baffle 160 are serrated or wedge-shaped.

[0031] The following describes in detail the terminal OTA performance testing system based on a dual-focus closed cavity, with reference to specific embodiments.

[0032] Closed cavity structure 110: refer to Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the left-side paraboloid, right-side paraboloid, and ellipsoid of a closed cavity structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the closed cavity structure 110 is constructed by splicing together a left parabolic reflector 111, a right parabolic reflector 112, and an ellipsoidal reflector 113 connecting the two, forming a closed metal reflective cavity. The focal point of the left parabolic reflector 301, the focal point of the right parabolic reflector 302, and the two focal points of the ellipsoid 303 precisely coincide, and are defined as the left focal point F1 and the right focal point F2, respectively.

[0034] The left parabolic reflector 111 and the right parabolic reflector 112 have the same aperture and focal diameter ratio and are symmetrically arranged along the same axis. The ellipsoidal reflector 113 is connected between the edges of the two parabolic surfaces to form a complete closed surface.

[0035] The aperture of the parabolic reflector is 0.8 m to 1.2 m, and the focal diameter ratio is 0.3 to 0.5. The eccentricity of the ellipsoidal reflector is 0.5 to 0.7.

[0036] Terminal fixture 120 under test: Located at the left focal point F1, the device is used to fix the terminal under test 200 (e.g., a mobile phone terminal) and allows the terminal under test 200 to be placed in a preset posture at the left focal point F1 position. The terminal under test fixture 120 has a precise repeat positioning function, ensuring that the phase center of the terminal under test 200 coincides with the left focal point F1 during each test, with a positioning accuracy better than ±1 mm and an angle positioning accuracy better than ±2°.

[0037] Measurement antenna 130: Located at the right focus F2, the measurement antenna 130 is used to receive the RF signal that converges at the right focus F2 after reflection by the closed cavity in TRP test mode, or to transmit test signals to the terminal under test 200 as a signal transmitter in TIS test mode. The measurement antenna 130 is a standard gain horn antenna (SGH), and its phase center is precisely coincident with the right focus F2.

[0038] The operating frequency band of the standard gain horn antenna covers the test frequency band of the terminal under test.

[0039] RF test instrument 140: Connected to the measurement antenna 130, it is used to receive radio frequency signals in TRP test mode and measure the power of the radio frequency signals received by the measurement antenna 130, or to generate test signals and transmit them through the measurement antenna 130 in TIS test mode. The radio frequency test instrument 140 includes at least a spectrum analyzer or signal analyzer, a signal generator, and a wireless communication test instrument.

[0040] Test control unit 150: It is connected to the terminal under test 200 and the radio frequency test instrument 140 respectively, and is used to control the terminal under test 200 to transmit or receive test signals and record the test results (power value or sensitivity value) measured by the radio frequency test instrument 140.

[0041] Wave-absorbing material baffle 160: The absorbing material baffle 160 is an optional component of this system. It is positioned at the midpoint of the line connecting the left focus F1 and the right focus F2, installed perpendicular to the axis of the closed cavity, with its normal direction aligned with the cavity axis. The absorbing material baffle 160 is used during TRP testing to absorb stray signal energy directly incident from the terminal under test 200 to the right-side rotating parabolic reflector 112, and to block line-of-sight path signals from the terminal under test 200 to the measuring antenna 130; during TIS testing, it absorbs stray signal energy directly incident from the measuring antenna 130 to the left-side rotating parabolic reflector 111, and line-of-sight path signals from the measuring antenna 130 to the terminal under test 200.

[0042] The purpose of setting up the absorbing material baffle 160 is to eliminate the interference of multiple reflections of the non-designed optical path (i.e., stray waves generated after reflection of the signal directly incident from F1 to the right paraboloid and the signal directly incident from F2 to the left paraboloid) in the cavity on the main optical path (F1→left paraboloid→right paraboloid→F2; F1→ellipsoid→F2; F2→right paraboloid→left paraboloid→F1; F2→ellipsoid→F1) and thus improve the stability and reliability of the measurement results.

[0043] It should be noted that although several modules of the terminal OTA performance testing system based on a dual-focus closed cavity are mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is merely exemplary and not mandatory. In fact, according to embodiments of the present invention, the features and functions of two or more modules described above can be embodied in one module. Conversely, the features and functions of one module described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules.

[0044] The working principle and flowchart of the system of the present invention in TRP test mode and TIS test mode are explained below.

[0045] 1) TRP Test Mode (Launch Test): The terminal under test is positioned at the left focal point F1 to transmit radio frequency signals, and its energy is radiated throughout the entire three-dimensional space (4π solid angle). The main optical paths are designed as follows: Main optical path one (parabolic collimation-converging path): The signal directed towards the left rotating parabolic reflector is emitted from F1 (the focal point of the left parabolic surface). After being reflected by the left parabolic surface, it becomes a plane wave parallel to the cavity axis and propagates to the right to the right rotating parabolic reflector. Since a plane wave parallel to the cavity axis converges at its focal point when it is directed towards the rotating parabolic surface, the signal is reflected by the right parabolic surface and converges at the right focal point F2. Main optical path two (ellipsoidal single reflection converging path): The signal directed to the ellipsoidal reflector is emitted from F1 (one focus of the ellipsoid), and after being reflected by the ellipsoid, it converges directly to the other focus F2 according to the geometric definition of the ellipsoid (the sum of the distances to the two focuses is a constant).

[0046] The two main optical paths mentioned above have equal optical path length characteristics: In the first main optical path, the total optical path from F1 to the left parabolic surface to the right parabolic surface to F2 is equal to the major axis 2a of the ellipsoid. In the second main optical path, the total optical path from F1 to the ellipsoid and then to F2 is also equal to 2a. Therefore, the electromagnetic waves arriving at F2 via the two main optical paths are in phase, achieving in-phase superposition.

[0047] In practical applications, a portion of the energy radiated by the terminal under test is directly incident on the right-side parabolic radiator. Since F1 is not the focal point of the right-side parabolic radiator, this portion of the signal, after reflection, will not form a plane wave but will instead generate stray scattered waves. Without an absorbing material baffle, these stray waves, after multiple reflections within the closed cavity, may reach F2, where they superimpose with the main optical path signal, causing interference and affecting the stability and repeatability of the measurement results.

[0048] To overcome the above deficiencies, this invention provides an absorbing material baffle (optional) at the midpoint of the line connecting the left focus F1 and the right focus F2. This baffle is located along the entire field of view path from F1 towards the right-side paraboloid of rotation, absorbing all stray signal energy directly directed towards the right-side paraboloid of rotation, blocking its multiple reflections and propagation paths within the cavity, and ensuring that the signal reaching F2 primarily originates from the two defined main optical paths (the left paraboloid path and the ellipsoidal path), thereby significantly improving the stability and repeatability of the measurement results.

[0049] Meanwhile, the absorbing material baffle can also block signals that travel directly from the terminal under test to the measurement antenna via the line-of-sight path, eliminating the optical path difference and phase interference between the direct wave and the reflected wave, and further purifying the electromagnetic environment inside the cavity.

[0050] Explanation of the effect of the baffle on TRP measurement: After setting up the absorbing material baffle, the energy within the solid angle directly incident on the right-hand paraboloid from the terminal under test is absorbed. However, this solid angle represents only a very small proportion (less than 15%) of the entire 4π solid angle around the terminal under test; the energy from the vast majority of other directions (including most directions directly incident on the left-hand paraboloid and all directions incident on the ellipsoid) is still collected by the main optical path. Therefore, the power received by the right focal measurement antenna is physically equivalent to the sum of the radiated power at most angles of the terminal under test, and is highly correlated with the complete full-space TRP value. Combined with the qualified threshold determined by the metal calibration method, this measurement value can serve as a valid criterion for TRP performance.

[0051] 2) TIS Test Mode (Receiver Test): Based on the principle of electromagnetic reciprocity, the above optical path is reversible. The measuring antenna, positioned at the right focal point F2, transmits a test signal. This signal, after reflection by the closed cavity, converges at the left focal point F1. The device under test (DUT) is positioned at the left focal point F1 to receive this signal. Due to the cavity's equal optical path characteristics and the blocking effect of the absorbing material on the non-designed optical path, the RF signal power transmitted by the measuring antenna is transmitted in reverse through the main optical path, forming a uniform incident field distribution at the left focal point F1. The signal strength received by the DUT is equivalent to the received power under isotropic incident conditions, and this value directly reflects the DUT's TIS performance.

[0052] At this point, since F2 is not the focal point of the left-side paraboloid of revolution, the baffle is located on the entire field of view path from F2 directly to the left-side paraboloid of revolution. It can absorb all stray signal energy directly directed to the left-side paraboloid of revolution, blocking its multiple reflections and propagation paths within the cavity. This ensures that the signal reaching F1 mainly comes from the reverse transmission of the two determined main optical paths (the right paraboloid path and the ellipsoidal path), thereby significantly improving the stability and repeatability of the measurement results.

[0053] Meanwhile, the absorbing material baffle can also block the signal that travels directly from the measuring antenna to the terminal under test via the line-of-sight path, eliminating the optical path difference and phase interference between the direct wave and the reflected wave, and further purifying the electromagnetic environment inside the cavity.

[0054] The following describes the terminal OTA performance testing method in conjunction with the system proposed in this invention, specifically including the terminal TRP testing method (TRP test mode) and the terminal TIS testing method (TIS test mode).

[0055] refer to Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a terminal TRP testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the specific process is as follows: S401, determine the maximum and minimum radiation directions of the terminal under test in the target test frequency band; S402-A, in the mode with absorbing material baffle, directs the maximum radiation direction toward the side wall or edge of the left rotating parabolic reflector, so that the main energy is reflected by the side wall of the left parabolic reflector and then propagates to the right parabolic reflector, bypassing the absorption area of ​​the absorbing material baffle, and converges at the right focus. At the same time, the absorbing material baffle absorbs stray signal energy that is directly directed toward the right parabolic reflector and blocks the direct wave path. S402-B, in the mode without absorbing material baffle, directs the minimum radiation direction toward the right-side rotating parabolic reflector, so that the stray signal energy and direct wave energy directly incident on the right-side parabolic reflector are both in the lowest region of the terminal radiation pattern. S403: Place the terminal under test at the left focal point in a preset posture, start transmitting the test signal, and measure the received power value at the right focal point; S404 compares the measured received power value with the preset qualified threshold to obtain the TRP performance judgment result.

[0056] The following section describes the terminal TRP testing method with specific steps.

[0057] Based on S401, determine the maximum and minimum radiation directions of the terminal under test within the target test frequency band.

[0058] During the test preparation phase, the radiation pattern characteristics of the terminal under test (e.g., a mobile phone terminal) are determined. Omnidirectional radiation pattern measurements are performed on the target model of the terminal under test to determine the maximum and minimum radiation directions within the target test frequency band. The maximum radiation direction is the spatial direction in which the terminal under test radiates the strongest power, and the minimum radiation direction is the spatial direction in which the terminal under test radiates the weakest power.

[0059] Select the test mode according to the test target and execute the corresponding S402-A (mode 1, with absorbing material baffle) or S402-B (mode 2, without absorbing material baffle).

[0060] Mode 1: TRP full-space radiated power measurement mode with absorbing material baffle.

[0061] Combined with S402-A, in the mode with absorbing material baffle, the maximum radiation direction is directed towards the side wall or edge of the left rotating parabolic reflector, so that the main energy is reflected by the side wall of the left parabolic reflector and propagates to the right parabolic reflector, bypassing the absorption area of ​​the absorbing material baffle, and converging at the right focal point. At the same time, the absorbing material baffle absorbs stray signal energy directly directed to the right parabolic reflector and blocks the direct wave path.

[0062] With the system equipped with an absorbing material baffle, the maximum radiation direction of the terminal under test (DUT) is directed towards the side wall of the left-hand parabolic radiator (i.e., towards the edge region of the left parabolic surface, not the vertex region). This ensures that the main radiated energy of the DUT is directed towards the vicinity of the edge of the left parabolic radiator, reflected by the parabolic surface, and then propagated to the right parabolic surface, converging at the right focal point. In this mode, because the main energy propagates completely away from the area blocked by the absorbing material baffle after being reflected by the edge of the left parabolic surface, the main energy is prevented from being absorbed by the absorbing material, thus ensuring that the vast majority of the radiated energy is effectively collected.

[0063] Meanwhile, an absorbing material baffle is positioned at the midpoint of the line connecting the left and right focal points. Its size completely blocks the entire field of view directly from the terminal under test to the right-side rotating parabolic reflector, absorbing stray signal energy in that direction and blocking the direct-line-of-sight wave path. This eliminates interference from multiple reflections of undesigned optical paths within the cavity. The signal ultimately reaching the right focal point originates from two defined main optical paths (the reflection path from the left parabolic edge and the reflection path from the ellipsoidal surface), ensuring the stability and accuracy of the measurement.

[0064] In this mode, since the radiated energy in most directions around the terminal under test (more than 85% of the 4π solid angle) is still collected through the two main optical paths of the left parabolic and ellipsoidal surfaces, the power value received by the right focal measurement antenna is physically equivalent to the sum of the radiated power of the terminal under test in most angles, and is highly correlated with the TRP. Therefore, this measurement value can be directly used as a criterion for TRP performance.

[0065] Mode 2, TRP full-space radiated power measurement mode under the condition of no absorbing material baffle (preferred scheme).

[0066] In conjunction with S402-B, in the mode without absorbing material baffles, the minimum radiation direction is directed toward the right-side rotating parabolic reflector, so that the stray signal energy and direct wave energy directly incident on the right-side parabolic reflector are both in the lowest region of the terminal radiation pattern.

[0067] Without an absorbing material baffle, the minimum radiation direction of the terminal under test (DUT) is oriented towards the right-hand parabolic reflector (i.e., towards the measurement antenna). In this orientation, the energy directly emitted by the DUT towards the right-hand parabolic reflector is itself the portion of the terminal's minimum radiated power. Even without absorption by the absorbing material, the stray wave energy generated after reflection by the right-hand parabolic reflector is extremely weak and its impact on the measurement results is negligible. Simultaneously, the line-of-sight path from the DUT to the measurement antenna also falls in the minimum radiation direction, and the direct wave contribution is also negligible. Therefore, in this mode, the absorbing material baffle can be omitted, simplifying the system structure and avoiding the absorbing material's obstruction of the reflected energy, thus improving energy harvesting efficiency.

[0068] In this mode, since there is no absorbing material to block it, the radiated energy in all directions (4π solid angle) around the terminal under test is collected through the closed cavity. The power value received by the right focal measurement antenna is the integral of the total space radiated power, which directly corresponds to the TRP value.

[0069] Specifically, the minimum radiation direction must be at least 15 dB lower than the corresponding maximum radiation direction within the target test frequency band.

[0070] Using S403, place the terminal under test at the left focal point in a preset orientation, start transmitting the test signal, and measure the received power value at the right focal point.

[0071] Specifically, the device under test (DUT) is placed on the DUT fixture at the left focal point according to the orientation determined by the selected test modes S402-A and S402-B, ensuring that the phase center of the DUT precisely coincides with the left focal point. The DUT is then activated to transmit a test signal. The RF signal, reflected by the closed cavity and converged at the right focal point, is received by the measurement antenna at the right focal point, and the received power value of this signal is measured by the RF test instrument. During the measurement process, the test control unit simultaneously records the power data measured by the RF test instrument.

[0072] By combining S404, the measured received power value is compared with the preset qualified threshold to obtain the TRP performance judgment result.

[0073] Specifically, the received power value measured by S403 is compared with the preset TRP qualification threshold. If the received power value is greater than or equal to the qualification threshold, the TRP performance of the terminal under test is determined to be qualified; otherwise, it is determined to be unqualified.

[0074] The pass threshold is predetermined by the GoldenDevice calibration method: select multiple GoldenDevices with known qualified performance, measure their received power values ​​under the same test conditions, and take the average value multiplied by a preset discount factor (such as 0.9 or 0.95) as the pass threshold.

[0075] refer to Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a terminal TIS testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the specific process is as follows: S501, determine the maximum and minimum receiving directions of the terminal under test in the target test frequency band; S502-A, in the mode with absorbing material baffle, directs the maximum receiving direction toward the sidewall or edge of the left-side rotating parabolic reflector; In the S502-B mode without absorbing material baffle, the minimum receiving direction is oriented towards the right-side parabolic reflector, and the main lobe of the measurement antenna is avoided from being directly oriented towards the left-side parabolic reflector. S503: Place the terminal under test at the left focal point in a preset posture, transmit a test signal through the measurement antenna, and measure the receiving sensitivity value of the terminal under test. S504 compares the measured sensitivity value with the preset qualified threshold to obtain the TIS performance judgment result.

[0076] The following section explains the terminal TIS testing method with specific steps.

[0077] Based on S501, determine the maximum and minimum receiving directions of the terminal under test within the target test frequency band.

[0078] This step is the same as the principle of TRP test step S401, determining the maximum and minimum receiving directions of the terminal under test within the target test frequency band.

[0079] Select the test mode according to the test target and execute the corresponding S502-A (mode 1, with absorbing material baffle) or S502-B (mode 2, without absorbing material baffle).

[0080] Mode 1, TIS test mode with absorbing material baffle.

[0081] Combined with S502-A, in the mode with a baffle of absorbing material, the maximum receiving direction is directed toward the side wall or edge of the left-side rotating parabolic reflector.

[0082] With the system equipped with an absorbing material baffle, the maximum receiving direction of the terminal under test (DUT) is oriented towards the side wall of the left-hand parabolic radiator (i.e., towards the edge region of the left parabola, not the vertex region). This ensures that the DUT receives the test signal converged by the reflector in the direction of its highest receiving sensitivity, while preventing the signal in the main receiving direction from being blocked by the absorbing material baffle. The absorbing material baffle also blocks undesigned optical paths (spurious signal paths and direct wave paths directly incident on the left parabolic radiator from the measurement antenna), ensuring a uniform and stable incident field distribution at the left focal point.

[0083] Mode 2, TIS test mode without absorbing material baffle (preferred scheme).

[0084] In conjunction with the S502-B in the mode without absorbing material baffle, the minimum receiving direction is oriented towards the right-side parabolic radiator, and the main lobe of the measurement antenna is avoided from being directly oriented towards the left-side parabolic radiator.

[0085] Without using absorbing material baffles, the minimum receiving direction of the terminal under test (DUT) is oriented towards the right-hand parabolic reflector (i.e., towards the measuring antenna). The main lobe of the measuring antenna is avoided from being directly facing the left-hand parabolic reflector. This placement minimizes the energy contribution of stray signals reflected directly from the measuring antenna to the left focal point, as well as signals reaching the DUT via the line-of-sight path, thus negligible impact on the measurement results. This configuration eliminates the need for absorbing material within the cavity, simplifying the system structure.

[0086] Specifically, the minimum receiving direction should be at least 15 dB lower than the corresponding maximum receiving direction within the target test frequency band.

[0087] Using the S503, the terminal under test is placed at the left focal point in a preset orientation, and a test signal is transmitted by the measurement antenna to measure the receiving sensitivity value of the terminal under test.

[0088] Specifically, place the terminal under test (DUT) on the DUT fixture at the left focal point according to the orientation determined by the selected test modes S502-A and S502-B, ensuring that the phase center of the DUT precisely coincides with the left focal point. Start the RF test instrument, allowing it to transmit a test signal through the measurement antenna at the right focal point. After reflection by the closed cavity, the test signal converges at the DUT at the left focal point, and its receiving sensitivity value is measured.

[0089] By combining S504, the measured sensitivity value is compared with the preset qualified threshold to obtain the TIS performance judgment result.

[0090] Specifically, the sensitivity value measured by S503 is compared with the preset TIS pass threshold. If the sensitivity value is less than or equal to the pass threshold (i.e., the sensitivity is better than the pass threshold), the TIS performance of the terminal under test is deemed to be qualified; otherwise, it is deemed to be unqualified.

[0091] The pass threshold is predetermined by the gold machine calibration method: select multiple gold machines with known qualified performance, measure their sensitivity values ​​under the same test conditions, and take the average value plus the preset margin coefficient as the pass threshold.

[0092] It should be noted that although the operation of the method of the present invention has been described in a specific order in the above embodiments and figures, this does not require or imply that the operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0093] In practical applications, the following optimization schemes can be adopted to further optimize system performance, testing efficiency, and testing accuracy: 1) The inner wall surface of the closed cavity is metallized to achieve a reflectivity of more than 95% in order to reduce reflective surface loss.

[0094] 2) The fixture for the terminal under test is a replaceable fixture. The corresponding fixture can be replaced for different models of the terminal under test to ensure that the phase center of different models of terminals can be accurately located at the left focus.

[0095] 3) The system of the present invention can also be equipped with a temperature compensation unit to monitor the ambient temperature and perform temperature compensation on the measurement results in order to eliminate the impact of temperature changes on radio frequency path loss.

[0096] 4) The testing method of this invention may also include a daily gold machine calibration process. After powering on each day, a TRP / TIS test is performed once under the same conditions using a standard gold machine to establish a baseline value for the day, which is used to calibrate the transmission coefficient of the system for that day.

[0097] 5) The dimensions of the microwave absorbing material baffle should meet the following conditions: The entire visible range of the right (left) rotating parabolic reflector, viewed from the left (right) focal point, is completely blocked. Since the absorbing material baffle is located at the midpoint of the line connecting the left focal point F1 and the right focal point F2, and assuming the aperture radius of the right rotating parabolic reflector is R, then the angle between the line of sight from F1 to the right parabolic edge and the axis is θ. Using the principle of triangle similarity, the minimum radius r required for the baffle can be obtained. min Satisfy: r min ≥R / 2. Preferably, the effective radius of the absorbing material baffle is 0.50 to 0.55 times the aperture radius of the right-side parabolic reflector. The edges of the absorbing material baffle are serrated or wedge-shaped to reduce edge diffraction effects.

[0098] The following describes the terminal OTA performance testing system and method based on a dual-focus closed cavity according to the present invention with reference to specific embodiments. Specific Implementation Example 1: Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the system includes: a closed cavity structure 110, a terminal under test fixture 120, a measuring antenna 130, an RF test instrument 140, and a test control unit 150.

[0100] The closed cavity structure 110 is composed of a left-side parabolic reflector 111, a right-side parabolic reflector 112, and an ellipsoidal reflector 113.

[0101] The left parabolic reflector 111 and the right parabolic reflector 112 have the same aperture and focal diameter ratio and are symmetrically arranged along the same axis. The ellipsoidal reflector 113 is connected between the edges of the two parabolic reflectors, and the three together form a closed metal reflecting cavity.

[0102] The focal point of the left parabolic reflector 111 and the focal point of the right parabolic reflector 112 precisely coincide with the two focal points of the ellipsoidal reflector 113, and are defined as the left focal point F1 and the right focal point F2, respectively. The focal point of the left parabolic reflector coincides with the left focal point of the ellipsoid at F1, and the focal point of the right parabolic reflector coincides with the right focal point of the ellipsoid at F2.

[0103] The terminal under test (DUT) fixture 120 is positioned at the left focal point F1 to fix the DUT 200 (e.g., a mobile phone terminal) and ensure that the phase center of the DUT 200 is precisely aligned with F1. The measurement antenna 130 is positioned at the right focal point F2, with its phase center precisely aligned with F2, and is connected to the RF test instrument 140 via an RF cable. The test control unit 150 is connected to both the DUT 200 and the RF test instrument 140.

[0104] In this embodiment, the aperture of the parabolic reflector is 1.0 m, and the focal diameter ratio is 0.4. The eccentricity of the ellipsoidal reflector is 0.6.

[0105] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the system may further include an absorbing material baffle 160, disposed at the midpoint of the line connecting the left focal point F1 and the right focal point F2, and installed perpendicular to the cavity axis. The absorbing material baffle 160 serves the following functions: 1) During TRP testing, stray signal energy directly emitted from the terminal under test to the right-side rotating parabolic reflector 112 is absorbed, blocking its multiple reflections and propagation paths within the cavity.

[0106] 2) During TIS testing, the stray signal energy directly emitted from the measuring antenna to the left rotating parabolic reflector 111 is absorbed, blocking its multiple reflections and propagation paths within the cavity.

[0107] 3) During TRP testing, the electromagnetic waves that travel from the terminal under test to the measuring antenna 130 via the line-of-sight path are blocked.

[0108] 4) During TIS testing, the electromagnetic waves that travel from the measuring antenna 130 to the terminal under test 200 via the line-of-sight path are blocked.

[0109] Through the above-described functions, the absorbing material baffle 160 ensures that the received signal during the test mainly comes from two defined main optical paths, thereby significantly improving the stability and repeatability of the measurement results. For a specific configuration of the absorbing material baffle 160, please refer to Specific Embodiment 5. Specific Implementation Example 2: Combination Figure 4 The test method for the terminal under test (TRP) based on the system of the present invention adopts the TRP full-space radiated power measurement mode under the condition of having a wave-absorbing material baffle.

[0111] In this embodiment, the system is equipped with an absorbing material baffle 160, which is located at the midpoint of the line connecting the left focal point F1 and the right focal point F2. Its functions are: 1) to absorb stray signal energy directly incident from the terminal under test to the right-side rotating parabolic reflector 112, blocking multiple reflections of the non-designed optical path within the cavity, and preventing this stray signal energy from reaching F2 after multiple reflections and superimposing with the main optical path signal to form interference. 2) to block the direct wave signal from the terminal under test through the line-of-sight path to the measuring antenna 130, eliminating the optical path difference and phase interference between the direct wave and the reflected wave.

[0112] Before testing, the omnidirectional radiation pattern of the target model terminal under test is measured to determine its maximum radiation direction in the target test frequency band. The terminal under test is placed on the terminal under test fixture 120 at the left focus F1 with its maximum radiation direction facing the side wall of the left-side parabolic reflector 111 (i.e., towards the edge area of ​​the left parabola, not the vertex area).

[0113] The physical reason for using this placement posture in this embodiment is as follows: 1) If the maximum radiation direction is towards the vertex region of the left parabola, the energy emitted from F1 towards the vertex region of the left parabola will be reflected and propagated to the right along the cavity axis. Its propagation path just passes through the region of the absorbing material baffle. This part of the energy will be absorbed by the baffle and will not reach F2, causing the measured value to deviate significantly from TRP.

[0114] 2) If the maximum radiation direction is towards the sidewall / edge area of ​​the left parabolic surface, the energy emitted from F1 towards the edge of the left parabolic surface will be reflected and its propagation path will avoid the area where the absorbing material baffle is located. After being reflected by the right parabolic surface, it will converge at F2, thus ensuring that most of the radiation energy is effectively collected.

[0115] Therefore, when there is a wave-absorbing material baffle, the maximum radiation direction of the terminal under test should be directed towards the sidewall / edge region of the left parabolic surface.

[0116] When the terminal under test (DUT) is activated, the main energy radiated from the DUT in the direction of maximum radiation is directed towards the sidewall / edge region of the left parabolic radiator 111. After reflection from the left parabolic surface, the energy propagates to the right, reaching the right parabolic radiator 112, and then converges at the right focal point F2 of the measurement antenna 130. Simultaneously, the radiated energy from other directions of the DUT is directly converged at F2 via the ellipsoidal reflector 113. The stray signal energy directly directed towards the right parabolic radiator 112 and the energy reflected from the vertex region of the left parabolic surface and propagating along the cavity axis are both absorbed by the absorbing material baffle 160, thus not interfering with the measurement results at F2.

[0117] In this mode, since the radiated energy in most directions around the terminal under test (more than 85% of the 4π solid angle) is still collected through the two main optical paths—the reflection path of the left parabolic sidewall and the reflection path of the ellipsoidal surface—the power received by the right focal measurement antenna is physically equivalent to the sum of the radiated power of the terminal under test in most angles, and is highly correlated with the TRP. Therefore, this measurement value can be directly used as a criterion for TRP performance.

[0118] The radio frequency test instrument 140 measures the power value received by the measuring antenna 130, the test control unit 150 records the value and compares it with the preset qualified threshold, and outputs the test result. Specific Implementation Example 3: Combination Figure 4 The test method for the terminal under test (TRP) based on the system of the present invention adopts the TRP full-space radiated power measurement mode under the condition of no absorbing material baffle (preferred scheme).

[0120] In this embodiment, the system does not use absorbing material baffles to simplify the system structure and avoid energy loss due to shielding of the reflection path by the absorbing material. Before testing, the omnidirectional radiation pattern of the target model terminal under test is measured to determine its minimum radiation direction within the target test frequency band. The terminal under test is placed on the terminal under test fixture 120 at the left focal point F1, with its minimum radiation direction facing the right-side parabolic reflector 112 (i.e., towards the standard gain horn antenna at F2).

[0121] The physical reason for adopting this placement posture in this embodiment is that, without an absorbing material baffle, the signal directly emitted from the terminal under test (DUT) towards the right-side parabolic reflector 112 will generate stray waves after reflection. If the energy of these stray waves is not negligible, they will become a source of interference within the cavity. By aligning the minimum radiation direction of the DUT towards the right-side parabolic reflector, since this direction represents the direction of the DUT's minimum radiated power, the energy directly emitted towards the right-side parabolic reflector is extremely weak (typically more than 15 dB lower than the main radiation direction), and the impact of the stray wave energy generated after reflection on the measurement results can be ignored. Similarly, the signal energy along the line-of-sight path from the DUT to the measurement antenna is also extremely weak and can be ignored. At the same time, the main energy in the maximum radiation direction of the DUT is emitted towards the left-side parabolic reflector 111 or ellipsoidal reflector 113, and converges at F2 after reflection.

[0122] The terminal under test is activated to transmit a test signal. The radio frequency test instrument 140 measures the power value received by the measuring antenna 130. The test control unit 150 records the value and compares it with the preset qualified threshold, and outputs the test result.

[0123] In this embodiment, since there is no absorbing material to block the radiation, the radiated energy in all directions (4π solid angle) around the terminal under test is collected through the closed cavity. The power value received by the right focal measurement antenna is the integral of the total radiated power in the entire space, which directly corresponds to the TRP value. At the same time, since the energy directly incident on the right parabolic surface and the direct wave energy are negligible, the system structure is the simplest and the energy collection efficiency is the highest. Specific Implementation Example 4: Combination Figure 5 The TIS test method for the terminal under test based on the system of the present invention also includes two modes: TIS test mode with absorbing material baffle and TIS test mode without absorbing material baffle.

[0125] TIS test mode with absorbing material baffle: With the system equipped with the absorbing material baffle 160, the terminal under test 200 is placed on the terminal under test fixture 120 at the left focal point F1, with its maximum receiving direction facing the sidewall / edge of the left-side parabolic reflector 111 (i.e., towards the edge region of the left parabola, not the vertex region). This placement ensures that the terminal under test 200 receives the test signal converged by the reflector in the direction of its highest receiving sensitivity, while preventing the main receiving direction from being blocked by the absorbing material baffle. The absorbing material baffle blocks undesigned optical paths (spurious signal paths and direct wave paths directly incident on the left parabola by the measurement antenna), ensuring a uniform and stable incident field distribution at the left focal point.

[0126] The RF test instrument 140 is activated to transmit a test signal via the measurement antenna 130. The test signal is reflected by the right-side parabolic reflector 112, the left-side parabolic reflector 111, and the ellipsoidal reflector 113 before converging at point F1 onto the terminal under test 200. By gradually reducing the transmission power of the RF test instrument 140, the receiving sensitivity value of the terminal under test 200 is measured.

[0127] TIS testing mode without absorbing material baffle (preferred scheme): Without using a absorbing material baffle, the terminal under test (DUT) 200 is placed on the DUT fixture 120 at the left focal point F1, with the minimum receiving direction facing the right-side parabolic reflector 112 (i.e., towards the standard gain horn antenna at F2). The main lobe of the measuring antenna is avoided from being directly facing the left-side parabolic reflector. This placement ensures that stray signals reflected directly from the measuring antenna to the left focal point, as well as signals reaching the DUT 200 via the line-of-sight path, contribute minimal energy and have negligible impact on the measurement results.

[0128] The RF test instrument 140 is activated and transmits a test signal through the measurement antenna 130. By gradually reducing the transmission power, the receiving sensitivity value of the terminal under test 200 is measured. The test control unit 150 records this value and compares it with the preset TIS pass threshold, and outputs the test result. Specific Implementation Example 5: The absorbing material baffle 160 mentioned in this invention is an embodiment of this invention when it is necessary to block interference from non-designed optical paths.

[0130] Combination Figure 2 An absorbing material baffle 160 is installed at the midpoint of the line connecting the left focus F1 and the right focus F2, perpendicular to the cavity axis, with its normal direction aligned with the cavity axis. Its functions include: During TRP testing, stray signal energy directly incident from the terminal under test 200 to the right-side rotating parabolic reflector 112 is absorbed, blocking its multiple reflections and propagation paths within the cavity. This prevents the stray signal energy from reaching F2 after multiple reflections and superimposing with the main optical path signal to cause interference. Electromagnetic waves traveling directly from the terminal under test 200 to the measuring antenna 130 via a line-of-sight path are also blocked, eliminating the optical path difference and phase interference between the direct wave and the reflected wave.

[0131] During TIS testing, stray signal energy directly incident from the measuring antenna 130 to the left-side rotating parabolic reflector 111 is absorbed, blocking its multiple reflections and propagation paths within the cavity. This prevents the stray signal energy from reaching F1 after multiple reflections and superimposing with the main optical path signal to cause interference. Electromagnetic waves traveling directly from the measuring antenna 130 to the terminal under test 200 via the line-of-sight path are also blocked, eliminating the optical path difference and phase interference between the direct wave and the reflected wave.

[0132] For the absorbing material baffle 160, its dimensions should meet the following requirements: the line of sight from the terminal under test 200 (located at the left focal point F1) to any point on the right-side parabolic radiator 112 should be completely blocked by the absorbing material baffle 160. That is, the absorbing material baffle 160 must completely block the entire visible range of the right-side parabolic radiator 112 to the terminal under test 200. Similarly, the absorbing material baffle 160 must completely block the entire visible range of the left-side parabolic radiator 111 to the measuring antenna 130 (at F2).

[0133] Let the aperture radius of the right-side parabolic reflector 112 be R, the terminal under test 200 be located at the left focal point F1, and the absorbing material baffle 160 be positioned at the midpoint of the line connecting the left focal point F1 and the right focal point F2 (i.e., a distance c from F1, where c is half the focal length). Let θ be the angle between the line of sight from F1 to the edge of the right parabolic surface and the cavity axis, and let r be the radius of the baffle's location (at the midpoint). Then, according to the principle of triangle similarity (under the smaller angle approximation), ≈ The minimum radius r required for the baffle min satisfy: .

[0134] Therefore, the effective radius of the absorbing material baffle 160 should be no less than half the aperture radius of the right-side parabolic reflector 112. Considering manufacturing and installation tolerances, and to further reduce edge diffraction effects, preferably, the effective radius of the absorbing material baffle 160 is 0.50 to 0.55 times the aperture radius of the right-side parabolic reflector 112.

[0135] Preferably, the edges of the absorbing material baffle 160 are serrated or wedge-shaped to reduce the diffraction effect of electromagnetic waves at the baffle edges. The absorbing material baffle 160 is made of microwave absorbing material, and its loss in the target test frequency band is not less than 25 dB. Specific Implementation Example 6: The acceptable threshold can be determined using the following methods: Multiple known qualified Golden Devices were selected, and their received power and sensitivity were measured under the same test conditions (same test frequency band, same ambient temperature, and same terminal posture) according to the aforementioned TRP test method and TIS test method, respectively.

[0137] For the TRP test, calculate the average value P of the received power of each gold receiver. avg , will P avg Multiply by a preset discount factor (such as 0.9 or 0.95) to obtain the TRP qualification threshold P. threshold .

[0138] For TIS testing, calculate the average sensitivity value S of each gold-plating machine. avg , will S avg Add a preset margin coefficient as the TIS pass threshold S threshold .

[0139] In routine production line testing, the TRP radiated power value P is measured for each terminal under test. DUT and TIS sensitivity value S DUT If P DUT ≥P threshold And S DUT ≤S threshold If the OTA performance is satisfactory, the terminal is deemed to have qualified performance; otherwise, it is deemed unqualified.

[0140] Preferably, after powering on each day, a complete OTA performance test (TRP and TIS) is performed using the same standard gold instrument to establish a baseline value for the day. If the deviation between the daily baseline value and the historical baseline value exceeds a preset range (e.g., ±0.5 dB), the system is deemed to require recalibration or temperature compensation.

[0141] The terminal OTA performance testing system and method based on a dual-focus closed cavity provided by this invention has a simple structure, low cost, and high testing efficiency. It can simultaneously support rapid testing of two core OTA indicators, TRP and TIS, and can be widely used in various wireless communication terminals (especially mobile terminals) for production line batch testing, incoming material inspection, maintenance testing, and other scenarios. It has good industrial applicability and market promotion value.

[0142] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following technical advantages: 1) Extremely high testing efficiency: Traditional OTA performance testing (TRP and TIS) requires hundreds of samplings in an OTA anechoic chamber using a rotating terminal on a turntable. TRP testing takes tens of minutes, and TIS testing exceeds one hour. This invention utilizes the full-space energy harvesting characteristics of a dual-focus closed cavity to obtain the performance indicators of TRP and TIS in a single measurement. The testing time is reduced to a few seconds, increasing efficiency by tens to hundreds of times, perfectly meeting the requirements of mass production line testing.

[0143] 2) Simultaneously supports TRP and TIS testing; Utilizing the principle of electromagnetic reciprocity, the closed cavity structure of this invention has completely consistent optical path characteristics in both transmission and reception modes, which can be used for both TRP and TIS testing, and one system can complete two core OTA indicator tests.

[0144] 3) Low equipment cost and compact structure: This invention does not require the construction of a large OTA anechoic chamber several meters to tens of meters long, nor does it require complex equipment such as precision turntables and multi-probe arrays. It only requires a closed cavity consisting of two parabolic surfaces and one ellipsoidal surface, and a standard gain horn antenna. The system occupies a small area and can be directly deployed on the production line.

[0145] 4) No complex alternative calibration is required; for mobile terminal devices, their radiation patterns are usually asymmetrical and have low gain, and strict absolute OTA index calibration is not necessary for rapid screening on the production line. This invention establishes the pass threshold through gold-plated device calibration, directly using the measured value of the terminal under test as the criterion, eliminating the complex process of standard antenna alternative calibration, and further improving testing efficiency.

[0146] 5) The system structure is simple and reliable; the present invention adopts a passive reflective surface structure, which does not require active electronic scanning components, has high reliability and low maintenance cost, and is suitable for continuous operation of production lines 24 / 7.

[0147] 6) High flexibility: This invention provides two testing schemes: one with a baffle made of absorbing material and the other without, allowing for flexible selection based on actual testing needs. The baffle-free mode further simplifies the system structure, avoids the absorbing material blocking the energy of the reflection path, and improves testing efficiency.

[0148] 7) The electromagnetic environment is clean, and the measurement is stable and reliable. This invention effectively absorbs stray signal energy directly emitted from the terminal under test and the measuring antenna to the opposite rotating parabolic surface by setting up a wave-absorbing material baffle, and blocks the line-of-sight direct wave, eliminating the interference of multiple reflections of non-designed optical paths in the cavity on the main optical path, which significantly improves the stability and repeatability of the test results.

[0149] Based on the aforementioned inventive concept, such as Figure 6As shown, the present invention also proposes a computer device 600, including a memory 610, a processor 620, and a computer program 630 stored in the memory 610 and executable on the processor 620. When the processor 620 executes the computer program 630, it implements the aforementioned terminal OTA performance testing method based on a dual-focus closed cavity.

[0150] Based on the aforementioned inventive concept, this invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned terminal OTA performance testing method based on a dual-focus closed cavity.

[0151] Based on the aforementioned inventive concept, this invention proposes a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a terminal OTA performance testing method based on a dual-focus closed cavity.

[0152] The terminal OTA performance testing system and method proposed in this invention utilizes the full-space energy harvesting characteristics of a dual-focus closed cavity. By superimposing two equal-path main optical paths in phase, the system focuses the full-space radiated energy of the terminal under test onto the measuring antenna, enabling a single measurement to obtain the index value reflecting TRP performance. Based on the principle of electromagnetic reciprocity, the TIS test is completed in the same cavity, greatly shortening the testing time and improving testing efficiency. At the same time, the main testing architecture of the system consists of only two paraboloids of revolution and one ellipsoid, forming a passive reflective cavity. It is compact, low-cost, and highly reliable, and can be directly deployed on the production line. The qualified threshold is established by the metal-machine calibration method, eliminating the need for standard antenna replacement calibration process. During testing, an optional absorbing material baffle is placed at the midpoint of the line connecting the two focal points. This effectively absorbs stray energy directed toward the parabolic surface on the opposite side and blocks the line-of-sight direct wave, eliminating multiple reflections from undesigned optical paths and significantly improving measurement stability and repeatability. Combined with the flexible selection of two testing modes—with and without baffles—and a daily gold-plated machine calibration mechanism, this enables efficient, low-cost, and highly reliable OTA (Over-The-Air) screening of mobile terminal TRP and TIS (Time-of-Sight) indicators on production lines.

[0153] The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in this application all comply with relevant laws and regulations.

[0154] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0155] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0156] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0157] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0158] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A terminal OTA performance testing system based on a dual-focus closed cavity, characterized in that, include: Closed cavity structure, terminal under test fixture, measuring antenna, radio frequency test instrument and test control unit; The closed cavity structure is composed of a left parabolic radiating reflector, a right parabolic radiating reflector, and an ellipsoidal reflector. The ellipsoidal reflector is located between the left and right parabolic radiating reflectors. The parabolic foci of the left and right parabolic radiating reflectors coincide with the left and right foci of the ellipsoidal reflector, respectively. The terminal under test fixture is located at the left focal point to fix the terminal under test and make the phase center of the terminal under test coincide with the left focal point; The measuring antenna is positioned at the right focal point, and the phase center of the measuring antenna coincides with the right focal point. The radio frequency test instrument is connected to the measurement antenna and is used to measure radio frequency signal power or generate test signals; The test control unit is connected to the terminal under test and the radio frequency test instrument, and is used to control the terminal under test to transmit or receive test signals and record the test results measured by the radio frequency test instrument.

2. The terminal OTA performance testing system based on a dual-focus closed cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a wave-absorbing material baffle; The absorbing material baffle is located at the midpoint of the line connecting the left focus and the right focus, and is installed perpendicular to the cavity axis. During TRP testing, stray signal energy directly emitted from the terminal under test to the right rotating parabolic reflector is absorbed, and line-of-sight path signals from the terminal under test to the measuring antenna are blocked. During TIS testing, stray signal energy directly incident from the measuring antenna to the left-side rotating parabolic reflector is absorbed, and the line-of-sight path signal from the measuring antenna to the terminal under test is blocked.

3. The terminal OTA performance testing system based on a dual-focus closed cavity according to claim 2, characterized in that, The effective radius of the absorbing material baffle is not less than half the aperture radius of the right-side parabolic reflector.

4. The terminal OTA performance testing system based on a dual-focus closed cavity according to claim 2, characterized in that, The edges of the absorbing material baffle are serrated or wedge-shaped.

5. The terminal OTA performance testing system based on a dual-focus closed cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring antenna is a standard gain horn antenna.

6. A terminal TRP testing method, characterized in that, The method is performed based on the system described in any one of claims 1 to 5; the method includes: Determine the maximum and minimum radiation directions of the terminal under test within the target test frequency band; In the mode with absorbing material baffles, the maximum radiation direction is directed towards the sidewall or edge of the left-side parabolic reflector, so that the main energy is reflected by the sidewall of the left parabolic reflector, bypasses the absorption area of ​​the absorbing material baffle, and propagates to the right parabolic reflector and converges at the right focal point. At the same time, the absorbing material baffle absorbs stray signal energy directly incident on the right parabolic reflector and blocks the direct wave path. In the mode without absorbing material baffles, the minimum radiation direction is directed towards the right-side parabolic reflector, so that both stray signal energy and direct wave energy directly incident on the right parabolic reflector are in the lowest region of the terminal radiation pattern. Place the terminal under test at the left focal point in a preset posture, start transmitting the test signal, and measure the received power value at the right focal point. The measured received power value is compared with the preset qualified threshold to obtain the TRP performance judgment result.

7. The terminal TRP testing method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preset qualified threshold is determined through gold machine calibration, including: Select multiple gold-plating machines with known qualified performance, measure the index values ​​under the same test conditions, and take the average value multiplied by a preset coefficient as the qualified threshold.

8. The terminal TRP testing method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The minimum radiation direction is at least 15 dB lower than the corresponding maximum radiation direction within the target test frequency band.

9. A terminal TIS testing method, characterized in that, The method is performed based on the system described in any one of claims 1 to 5; the method includes: Determine the maximum and minimum receiving directions of the terminal under test within the target test frequency band; In the mode with absorbing material baffle, the maximum receiving direction is directed towards the sidewall or edge of the left-hand parabolic rotator reflector; in the mode without absorbing material baffle, the minimum receiving direction is directed towards the right-hand parabolic rotator reflector, and the main lobe of the measuring antenna is avoided from being directly directed towards the left-hand parabolic rotator reflector. Place the terminal under test at the left focal point in a preset posture, transmit a test signal through the measuring antenna, and measure the receiving sensitivity value of the terminal under test. The measured sensitivity value is compared with the preset qualified threshold to obtain the TIS performance judgment result.

10. The terminal TIS testing method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The minimum receiving direction is at least 15 dB lower than the corresponding maximum receiving direction within the target test frequency band.

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