Earphone and information prompting method

Abstract

The earphone and information prompting method are disclosed, a first concha cavity contact surface and a second concha cavity contact surface are arranged on the body and are away from each other, in a first wearing mode, the first concha cavity contact surface is attached to the concha cavity of a user, and the user can normally wear the earphone, in a second wearing mode, the user can exchange the earphone to the ear of the other side, and the second concha cavity contact surface is attached to the concha cavity of the ear, in this form, the sensor array located on the first concha cavity contact surface can be directed to the side away from the head of the user, so that the sensor array detects the surrounding environment of the user, and the speaker plays prompt information to the user. Therefore, it is helpful for the visually impaired to carry it with them and bring convenience to travel and life. On the other hand, the use of photoelectric sensors can reduce hardware costs and avoid privacy leakage caused by the use of visual cameras.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electroacoustic conversion technology, and more particularly to an earphone and an information prompting method. Background Technology

[0002] People with visual impairments face numerous inconveniences in their travel and daily lives. While portable guide devices can assist them, these devices are often not easily portable. For example, smart glasses with guide functions can cause pressure on the bridge of the nose during prolonged wear. Therefore, optimizing guide devices to make them more convenient for visually impaired individuals to carry is a problem that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an earphone and an information prompting method, wherein a sensor array is disposed on the first concha contact surface. When a visually impaired person wears the earphone, the sensor array faces outward of the concha to detect the user's surrounding environment, and then provides voice prompts to the visually impaired person through a speaker.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an earphone is provided, the earphone comprising: The body has a first concha contact surface, a second concha contact surface, a sound outlet and a receiving cavity. The first concha contact surface and the second concha contact surface are located on the outer surface of the body and the first concha contact surface and the second concha contact surface are opposite to each other. The sound outlet is located between the first concha contact surface and the second concha contact surface. The first concha contact surface has a clearance hole. A loudspeaker is disposed in the accommodating cavity and faces the sound outlet; and The photoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the speaker and includes multiple photosensitive units. The multiple photosensitive units form a sensor array. The photoelectric sensor corresponds to the clearance hole, and the multiple photosensitive units face the outside of the accommodating cavity.

[0005] Furthermore, the side of the first concha contact surface away from the sound hole and the side of the second concha contact surface away from the sound hole are inclined in opposite directions, and the inclination of the first concha contact surface relative to the central axis of the sound hole is greater than the inclination of the second concha contact surface relative to the central axis of the sound hole.

[0006] Furthermore, the clearance hole is an elongated hole; In the cross-sectional direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the sound outlet, the inclination direction of the elongated hole is consistent with the inclination direction of the sound outlet.

[0007] Furthermore, the loudspeaker divides the accommodating cavity to form a first cavity and a second cavity, and the sound outlet is connected to the first cavity; At least part of the photoelectric sensor is located inside the edge of the clearance hole, and one end of the clearance hole extends into the first cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the headphones also include: Circuit components, electrically connected to the speaker; The flexible transmission line is electrically connected at one end to a photoelectric sensor, and at the other end it passes through the edge of the speaker, through the first and second cavities, and is electrically connected to the circuit assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the headphones also include circuit components, including a main chip; The main chip is electrically connected to the speaker and via I 2 The C control bus is electrically connected to the photoelectric sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, the headphones also include a microphone; The main chip includes a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The DAC is electrically connected to the speaker, and the ADC is electrically connected to the microphone.

[0011] Furthermore, the main chip also includes a serial interface module; The circuit components also include a memory, which is electrically connected to the serial interface module via an SPI bus.

[0012] Furthermore, the main chip also includes a power management module; The circuit assembly also includes a contact module, which is electrically connected to the power management module.

[0013] Furthermore, the main chip also includes a general-purpose input / output interface module; The circuit assembly also includes a bidirectional isolation circuit. The contact module is electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output interface module through the bidirectional isolation circuit, and the enable pin of the bidirectional isolation circuit is electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output interface module.

[0014] Furthermore, the circuit assembly also includes a MOSFET, the drain of which is electrically connected to the power management module, the source of which is electrically connected to the contact module, and the gate of which is connected to the main chip.

[0015] Furthermore, the circuit assembly also includes a battery and a protection chip. The positive and negative terminals of the battery are electrically connected to the protection chip, and the positive terminal of the battery is electrically connected to the power management module.

[0016] Furthermore, the main chip also includes general-purpose input / output pins with integrated analog-to-digital conversion functionality; The circuit assembly also includes a thermistor, which is electrically connected to a general-purpose input / output pin that integrates analog-to-digital conversion functionality.

[0017] Furthermore, the main chip also includes a clock module; The circuit components also include a crystal oscillator module, which is electrically connected to the clock module.

[0018] Furthermore, the photoelectric sensor also includes digital signal processing circuitry and analog signal processing circuitry, with the analog signal processing circuitry electrically connected to multiple photosensitive units.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an information prompting method, which is applied to the headphones described in the first aspect above, and the headphone control method includes: Ambient light is collected by a sensor array to generate an optical signal, wherein the optical signal includes at least one of light intensity signal, optical flow signal, reflection signal and spectral rhythm signal; Extract feature information based on optical signals; Determine the corresponding speech output information based on the feature information; The speaker is controlled to emit prompt audio based on the voice output information.

[0020] Furthermore, ambient light is collected via a sensor array to generate an optical signal, which previously included: Ambient light is collected through a first photosensitive unit, wherein multiple photosensitive units include the first photosensitive unit; In response to the light intensity of the pre-detection light signal collected by the first photosensitive unit being greater than a first threshold and the duration being greater than a first set duration, ambient light is collected through the sensor array.

[0021] Furthermore, ambient light is collected via a sensor array to generate an optical signal, which then includes: The average light intensity is generated based on the light intensity signals collected by each photosensitive unit. Feature information is extracted based on the optical signal, specifically including: Compare the light intensity information of two adjacent photosensitive units and generate the first light intensity difference; If the difference between the first light intensity difference and the average light intensity exceeds a set value and continues for a set duration, the edge position of the target object is determined.

[0022] Furthermore, feature information is extracted based on the optical signal, specifically including: The first light intensity information and the second light intensity information are compared and a second light intensity difference is generated. The first light intensity information and the second light intensity information are both light intensity information collected by the sensor array. The first light intensity information is located before the second light intensity information is collected and the first light intensity information and the second light intensity information are within a set time range. When the second light intensity difference is greater than the second threshold, it is determined that the target object is approaching. The target object is determined to be moving away when the second light intensity difference is less than the third threshold.

[0023] Furthermore, ambient light is collected via a sensor array to generate an optical signal, which then includes: The average light intensity is generated based on the light intensity signals collected by each photosensitive unit. Feature information is extracted based on the optical signal, specifically including: If the light intensity signal collected by the photosensitive unit is greater than or equal to a set multiple of the average light intensity, the target object is determined to be a reflective object.

[0024] Furthermore, ambient light is collected through a sensor array to generate light signals, specifically including: Ambient light within a set frequency band is collected using a sensor array to generate a spectral rhythm signal; Feature information is extracted based on the optical signal, specifically including: Within a set time period, compare the fluctuation depth and scintillation index of the spectral rhythm signal; The environment is determined to be a periodic light source environment when the fluctuation depth is greater than the fourth threshold and the scintillation index is greater than the fifth threshold, and the spectral rhythm signal continues for a set period.

[0025] The earphone and information prompting method of this invention have a first concha contact surface and a second concha contact surface that are opposite to each other on the main body, and a sound outlet is located between the first and second concha contact surfaces. This allows the user to have two wearing methods. In the first wearing method, the first concha contact surface fits against the user's concha, and the user can wear the earphone normally. In the second wearing method, the user can switch the earphone to the other ear and make the second concha contact surface fit against the concha of that ear. In this configuration, the sensor array located on the first concha contact surface can face away from the user's head, so that the sensor array can detect the user's surrounding environment and play prompts to the user through a speaker. This helps visually impaired people to carry the earphone with them and brings convenience to their travel and daily life. On the other hand, using photoelectric sensors can reduce hardware costs and avoid privacy leaks caused by using visual cameras. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one side of the earphone in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the other side of the earphone according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another side of the earphone according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the earphone on another side according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the earphone in the first wearing mode according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state of one side of the earphone in the second wearing method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the other side of the earphone in the second wearing method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the earphone according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the body, photoelectric sensor, and flexible transmission line according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the earphone according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photoelectric sensor, circuit assembly, and flexible transmission line according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a circuit diagram of the earphone according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a circuit diagram of the circuit components according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a circuit diagram of the signal processing circuit and the main chip according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a flowchart illustrating the information prompting method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the photoelectric sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Ontology; 11-First concha contact surface; 111-Avoidance hole; 12-Second concha contact surface; 13-Sound outlet hole; 14-Accommodation cavity; 141-First cavity; 142-Second cavity; 15-Seatment part; 16-Stem part; 161-Fixing groove; 2-Speakers; 3-Photoelectric sensor; 31-Photosensitive unit; 4-Circuit components; 41-Main chip; 42-Microphone; 43-Battery; 44-Contact module; 5- Flexible transmission line; 6-Ear caps; 7-Ears; 71-Auricular opening; 72-Concha cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention is described below based on embodiments, but the invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the detailed description of the invention below, certain specific details are described in detail. Those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. To avoid obscuring the essence of the invention, well-known methods, processes, flows, elements, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0029] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that the accompanying drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0030] Unless the context explicitly requires it, words such as "including" or "contains" throughout the application should be interpreted as including rather than exclusive or exhaustive; that is, meaning "including but not limited to".

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0032] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] For ease of explanation, spatially related terms such as “inside,” “outside,” “below,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” etc., are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature illustrated in the figure and another. It will be understood that spatially related terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation besides those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “below” another element or feature would then be positioned “above” that other element or feature. Thus, the exemplified term “below” can encompass both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially related descriptive terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0034] Figures 1-4 This is a schematic diagram of the headphone structure in this embodiment.

[0035] In some implementations, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the earphone includes a body 1 and a photoelectric sensor 3. The photoelectric sensor 3 is disposed on the body 1. The body 1 has a first concha contact surface 11, a second concha contact surface 12, and a sound outlet 13. The first concha contact surface 11 and the second concha contact surface 12 are located on the outer surface of the body 1 and are opposite to each other. The sound outlet 13 is located between the first concha contact surface 11 and the second concha contact surface 12. The first concha contact surface 11 has a clearance hole 111.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the earphone in the first wearing mode of this embodiment. Figure 6 and Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the earphone in the second wearing mode of this embodiment. Figures 5-7 The outline of the ear is shown in 7 parts using thick dashed lines, among which, Figure 5 Left ear Figure 6 and Figure 7 For the right ear, Figure 5 and Figure 6 The middle viewpoint is in a horizontal position. Figure 7 This is the viewpoint from above the user's head.

[0037] Further reference Figures 5-7 As shown, the earphone in this embodiment has a first wearing mode and a second wearing mode. In the first wearing mode, the first concha contact surface 11 fits against the concha 72, the second concha contact surface 12 faces the side away from the head, and the sound outlet 13 faces the ear canal 71. In the second wearing mode, the second concha contact surface 12 fits against the concha 72, the first concha contact surface 11 faces the side away from the head, and the sound outlet 13 faces the ear canal 71. In this embodiment, both the first concha contact surface 11 and the second concha contact surface 12 are curved surfaces to facilitate fit between the first concha contact surface 11 and the second concha contact surface 12 and the inner contour of the concha 72. The body 1 is also provided with an ear cap 6, which is fitted outside the sound outlet 13 to form an in-ear earphone. The ear cap 6 can shrink and deform to enter the ear canal 71, so that the earphone can be stably fixed in the concha 72 when switching wearing modes.

[0038] Optionally, in this embodiment, the earphones are configured as a pair. In the first wearing method, the two earphones are worn on the left and right ears respectively. In the second wearing method, the positions of the two earphones are interchanged.

[0039] Figure 8 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the headphones in this embodiment. Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the body 1, photoelectric sensor 3, and flexible transmission line 5 in this embodiment. Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the earphone in this embodiment. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photoelectric sensor 3, circuit assembly 4, and flexible transmission line 5 in this embodiment. Figure 12 This is a circuit diagram of the earphone in this embodiment.

[0040] Further reference Figures 8-12 As shown, the headphones also include a speaker 2. The speaker 2 is disposed in the accommodating cavity 14 and faces the sound outlet 13. The photoelectric sensor 3 is electrically connected to the speaker 2 and includes multiple photosensitive units 31. The multiple photosensitive units 31 form a sensor array. The photoelectric sensor 3 corresponds to the clearance hole 111, and the multiple photosensitive units 31 face the outside of the accommodating cavity 14.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, multiple photosensitive units 31 form an infrared array sensor. The sensor array emits infrared light, which is reflected back to the sensor array when it reaches the target object. The sensor array determines the position of the target object by detecting parameters such as the intensity and time of flight of the reflected light. The sensor array can be a ring array or a rectangular array. Taking a rectangular array as an example, the sensor array can be configured as an 8×2 rectangular array.

[0042] In summary, the earphones of this embodiment of the invention have a first concha contact surface 11 and a second concha contact surface 12 that are opposite to each other on the body 1, and a sound outlet 13 is disposed between the first concha contact surface 11 and the second concha contact surface 12, allowing the user to have two wearing methods. In the first wearing method, the first concha contact surface 11 fits against the user's concha 72, and the user can wear the earphone normally. In the second wearing method, the user can switch the earphone to the other ear 7 and make the second concha contact surface 12 fit against the concha 72 of the other ear. In this form, the sensor array located on the first concha contact surface 11 can face away from the user's head, so that the sensor array can detect the user's surrounding environment and play prompts to the user through the speaker 2. This helps visually impaired people to carry the earphone with them and brings convenience to their travel and daily life. On the other hand, the use of photoelectric sensor 3 can reduce hardware costs and avoid privacy leaks caused by the use of visual cameras.

[0043] In some implementations, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, the side of the first concha contact surface 11 away from the sound outlet 13 and the side of the second concha contact surface 12 away from the sound outlet 13 are inclined in a direction away from each other. Simultaneously, the first concha contact surface 11 is inclined relative to the central axis of the sound outlet 13 (e.g., ...). Figure 3 and Figure 4 The tilt amplitude (as shown by mark I in the figure) Figure 4Angle a1 in the middle) is greater than the tilt of the second concha contact surface 12 relative to the central axis of the sound outlet 13 (as shown in the figure). Figure 4 (as shown by angle a2 in the diagram).

[0044] In this embodiment, when the user wears the headphones in the second wearing method, the second concha contact surface 12 fits against the concha cavity 72, and the side of the first concha contact surface 11 away from the sound outlet 13 can tilt towards the front of the head (e.g., Figure 7 As shown, the sensor array corresponding to the sound outlet 13 is oriented or approximately oriented in front of the user. Therefore, when a visually impaired person is traveling, the sensor array can detect the road conditions ahead to provide accurate alerts. On the other hand, when the user wears the headphones in the first wearing mode, the sensor array is positioned towards the concha 72, and the circuit components 4 inside the headphones can detect that the light intensity is below a threshold through the sensor array, thereby turning off the photoelectric sensor 3 to reduce the power consumption of the headphones.

[0045] In some implementations, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the clearance hole 111 is an elongated hole, and one side of the elongated hole extends away from the sound outlet hole 13 along its length. In this embodiment, the elongated hole is inclined, and in the cross-sectional direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the sound outlet hole 13 (e.g., ... Figure 3 As shown, the inclination direction of the elongated hole is consistent with the inclination direction of the sound outlet hole 13.

[0046] Therefore, the multiple rows of photosensitive units 31 in the sensor array are arranged sequentially along the length of the long waist-shaped hole, making the number of columns (along the length of the long waist-shaped hole) of the sensor array greater than the number of rows (along the width of the long waist-shaped hole). In the second wearing method, the axis of the clearance hole 111 can be basically horizontal, so that the photosensitive units 31 in each row of the sensor array are also basically horizontal. For example, there are 16 photosensitive units 31 in total, distributed in an 8×2 rectangular array. In the second wearing method, the 8 photosensitive units 31 in each row are horizontal, and the two photosensitive units 31 in each column are vertical. In this form, the horizontal viewing angle of the sensor array is increased, while the vertical viewing angle is limited. For example, the horizontal viewing angle of each earphone is 120° (e.g., Figure 7 Angle a4 is shown in the figure), and the angle in the vertical direction is 30° (as shown in the figure). Figure 6 (As shown in angle a3). This ensures that the sensor array remains within the effective detection range. Furthermore, when the user wears both headphones, the horizontal viewing angle reaches 240°.

[0047] In some implementations, such as Figure 10As shown, the speaker 2 divides the accommodating cavity 14 to form a first cavity 141 and a second cavity 142, and the sound outlet 13 communicates with the first cavity 141. At least a portion of the photoelectric sensor 3 is located inside the edge of the clearance hole 111, and one end of the clearance hole 111 extends into the first cavity 141. In this embodiment, the pressure wave generated by the speaker 2 can be conducted along the first cavity 141 to the sound outlet 13. The clearance hole 111 is used to fix the photoelectric sensor 3, so that the photoelectric sensor 3 is stably connected to the body 1.

[0048] In some implementations, such as Figures 9-11 As shown, the headphones also include a circuit assembly 4 and a flexible transmission line 5. The circuit assembly 4 is electrically connected to the speaker 2. One end of the flexible transmission line 5 is electrically connected to the photoelectric sensor 3, and the other end passes through the edge of the speaker 2, through the first cavity 141 and the second cavity 142, and is electrically connected to the circuit assembly 4.

[0049] Specifically, the flexible transmission line 5 is a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), with a portion of the FPC sandwiched between the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 14 and the speaker 2. The flexibility of the FPC improves the seal between the first cavity 141 and the second cavity 142, reducing sound wave leakage from the first cavity 141 to the second cavity 142. Further referencing... Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the main body 1 includes an ear stem portion 16 and a mounting portion 15 located at the end of the ear stem portion 16. The aforementioned first concha cavity contact surface 11, second concha cavity contact surface 12, sound outlet 13, and accommodating cavity 14 are formed in the mounting portion 15. The circuit assembly 4 is disposed in the fixing groove 161 of the ear stem portion 16.

[0050] Figure 13 This is a circuit diagram of circuit component 4 in this embodiment.

[0051] In some implementations, such as Figures 11-13 As shown, the headphones also include a circuit component 4, which includes a main chip 41. The main chip 41 is electrically connected to the speaker 2 and connected via I... 2 The C control bus is electrically connected to the photoelectric sensor 3. In this embodiment, I... 2 The C control bus (Inter-Integrated Circuit) transmits sampling data and status information between the photoelectric sensor 3 and the main chip 41 to ensure the stability of signal transmission.

[0052] In some implementations, such as Figure 13As shown, the headphones also include a microphone 42. The main chip 41 includes a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The DAC is electrically connected to the speaker 2, and the ADC is electrically connected to the microphone 42. In this embodiment, the DAC is used to convert the analog audio signal collected by the microphone 42 into a digital audio signal. The main chip 41 can further process the digital audio signal. For example, when visually impaired people use the second wearing method, they can wake up the sensor array of the headphones by voice, thereby simplifying the operation of the headphones. At the same time, it can reduce the power consumption of the headphones in the first wearing method. It should be further noted that the ADC converts the analog audio signal collected by the microphone 42 into a digital audio signal. The DAC is configured to convert the digital audio signal into an analog signal to drive the speaker.

[0053] In some implementations, such as Figure 13 As shown, the main chip 41 also includes a serial interface module. Circuit component 4 also includes a memory, which is electrically connected to the serial interface module via an SPI bus. In this embodiment, transmitting data from the memory via the SPI bus (Serial Peripheral Interface) speeds up the reading speed of the main chip 41. For example, when the sensor array detects a vehicle ahead, the main chip 41 reads the corresponding pre-stored prompt voice information from the memory and then issues a voice prompt to the user through the speaker 2: "An object is approaching, please slow down."

[0054] In some implementations, such as Figure 13 As shown, the main chip 41 also includes a power management module. Circuit assembly 4 also includes a contact module 44, which is electrically connected to the power management module. Further referencing... Figure 3 As shown, the contact module 44 in this embodiment can be configured as two metal contacts corresponding to the two springs, and the two metal contacts can charge the earphones.

[0055] In some implementations, such as Figure 13 As shown, the main chip 41 also includes a general-purpose input / output interface module. Circuit component 4 also includes a bidirectional isolation circuit. The contact module 44 is electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output interface module through the bidirectional isolation circuit, and the enable pin of the bidirectional isolation circuit is electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output interface module. In this embodiment, the general-purpose input / output interface module controls the on / off state of the bidirectional isolation circuit through the enable pin. When the bidirectional isolation circuit is on, external devices can perform firmware upgrades or parameter configurations for the headphones through the contact module 44. When an external device charges the headphones through the contact module 44, the input / output interface module controls the bidirectional isolation circuit to disconnect through the enable pin, thereby achieving electrical isolation and preventing surge damage to the general-purpose input / output interface module.

[0056] In some implementations, such as Figure 13 As shown, circuit component 4 also includes a MOSFET. The drain of the MOSFET is electrically connected to the power management module, the source of the MOSFET is electrically connected to the contact module 44, and the gate of the MOSFET is connected to the main chip 41. When the headphones are charging, the power management module outputs a low level to the gate, causing the MOSFET to conduct, and the contact module 44 inputs a 5V current to the power management module through the MOSFET. When the power management module outputs a 3.3V high level to the gate, the MOSFET is turned off to achieve electrical isolation.

[0057] In some implementations, such as Figure 13 As shown, circuit component 4 also includes a battery 43 and a protection chip. Both the positive and negative terminals of the battery 43 are electrically connected to the protection chip, and the positive terminal of the battery 43 is electrically connected to the power management module. In this embodiment, the negative terminal of the battery 43 is electrically connected to the ground pin of the main chip 41. The protection chip can monitor parameters such as the voltage of the battery 43 to prevent overcharging or over-discharging of the battery 43.

[0058] In some implementations, such as Figure 13 As shown, the main chip 41 also includes a general-purpose input / output pin with integrated analog-to-digital conversion function. Circuit component 4 also includes a thermistor, which is electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output pin with integrated analog-to-digital conversion function. In this embodiment, the thermistor is positioned adjacent to the battery 43 to monitor the temperature of the battery 43 and prevent thermal runaway of the battery 43.

[0059] In some implementations, such as Figure 13 As shown, the main chip 41 also includes a clock module. Circuit component 4 also includes a crystal oscillator module, which is electrically connected to the clock module. In this embodiment, the crystal oscillator module provides a high-frequency resonant oscillation signal to the clock module, ensuring its accurate operation.

[0060] Figure 14 This is a circuit diagram of the signal processing circuit and the main chip 41 in this embodiment.

[0061] In some implementations, such as Figures 13-14 As shown, the photoelectric sensor 3 also includes a signal processing circuit. The signal processing circuit includes a digital signal processing circuit and an analog signal processing circuit. The analog signal processing circuit is electrically connected to multiple photosensitive units 31. In this embodiment, the analog signal processing circuit is used to amplify, filter, and denoise the photoelectric analog signals acquired by the sensor array. The digital signal processing circuit is used to convert the analog signals into digital signals and correct errors, and then send the converted digital signals to the CPU of the main chip 41 for feature extraction and other operations.

[0062] Furthermore, the signal processing circuit is connected to the AVDD and IOVDD power supplies. The AVDD power supply provides a stable analog reference power supply for the analog signal processing circuit, and a 4.7μF capacitor stabilizes the analog supply voltage, ensuring the photoelectric signal sampling accuracy of the sensor array. The IOVDD power supply matches the main control IO level and powers the digital interface, ensuring I... 2 C-type communication. A 100nF capacitor is used for decoupling and filtering to suppress digital switching noise. A 2.2kΩ resistor is a pull-up resistor to ensure I... 2 The C-band controls the communication speed and stability of the bus. The 47k resistor is a pull-down resistor used to pull the pin potential low, reducing noise interference and standby power consumption.

[0063] Figure 15 This is a flowchart illustrating the information prompting method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] In some implementations, such as Figure 15 As shown, the headphones in the above embodiment can be controlled according to steps S100 to S400.

[0065] Step S100: Acquire ambient light through a sensor array to generate an optical signal. The optical signal includes at least one of a light intensity signal, an optical flow signal, a reflection signal, and a spectral rhythm signal.

[0066] Step S200: Extract feature information based on the optical signal.

[0067] In this step, the CPU of the main chip 41 can perform targeted feature extraction on the above-mentioned light intensity signal, light flow signal, reflection signal and spectral rhythm signal to determine the target object's motion direction, size, outline or material parameters.

[0068] Step S300: Determine the corresponding speech output information based on the feature information.

[0069] The voice output information in this step is pre-stored in the memory, which can be Flash main non-volatile memory. When the feature information matches the voice output information, the voice output information in the memory is cached in the on-chip cache (RAM) of the main chip 41.

[0070] Step S400: Control speaker 2 to emit a prompt audio according to the voice output information.

[0071] In this step, speaker 2 emits a prompt audio based on the voice output information cached on-chip, enabling visually impaired individuals to react promptly. For example, if the sensor array detects a step ahead, speaker 2 will emit a prompt audio to the user: "Step ahead, please back up," allowing the user to adjust their direction of travel in time.

[0072] In summary, the information prompting method of this embodiment of the invention provides a first concha contact surface 11 and a second concha contact surface 12 that are opposite to each other on the main body 1, and a sound outlet 13 is disposed between the first concha contact surface 11 and the second concha contact surface 12, allowing the user to have two wearing methods. In the first wearing method, the first concha contact surface 11 fits against the user's concha 72, and the user can wear the headphones normally. In the second wearing method, the user can switch the headphones to the other ear 7 and make the second concha contact surface 12 fit against the concha 72 of that ear. In this form, the sensor array located on the first concha contact surface 11 can face away from the user's head, so that the sensor array can detect the user's surrounding environment and play prompt information to the user through the speaker 2. This helps visually impaired people to carry the headphones with them and brings convenience to their travel and daily life. On the other hand, using a photoelectric sensor 3 can reduce hardware costs and avoid privacy leaks caused by using a visual camera.

[0073] Further, prior to step S100, ambient light is acquired via a first photosensitive unit. This includes multiple photosensitive units 31, each comprising a first photosensitive unit. Simultaneously, ambient light is acquired via a sensor array in response to a light signal intensity exceeding a first threshold and a duration greater than a first preset time.

[0074] Specifically, there is one first photosensitive unit, positioned in the center of the sensor array. When the photoelectric sensor 3 is in standby mode, it detects ambient light only through the first photosensitive unit at a set frequency (e.g., 1Hz). This reduces the standby current to less than 100μA, effectively increasing standby time. When the light intensity of the first photosensitive unit exceeds 30% of the standby state for 2 seconds, the main chip 41 wakes up the sensor array, causing the photoelectric sensor 3 to switch to normal operation. For example, in the first wearing mode, the first photosensitive unit faces the concha 72, receiving less ambient light, and the sensor array is in standby mode. When the user adopts the second wearing mode, the sensor array automatically switches to normal operation, simplifying operation for visually impaired individuals.

[0075] In some implementations, step S100 is followed by generating an average light intensity value based on the light intensity signals collected by each photosensitive unit 31. In this step, the main chip 41 collects ambient light through each photosensitive unit 31 and then calculates the average light intensity value.

[0076] Step S200 specifically includes: comparing the light intensity information of two adjacent photosensitive units 31 and generating a first light intensity difference. In response to the first light intensity difference exceeding a set value and persisting for a set duration, the edge position of the target object is determined. The edge of this target object can be the edge of a building wall or the edge of a car trunk, where light changes significantly, causing a noticeable change in the light intensity signal collected by the two adjacent photosensitive units 31, thus promptly alerting visually impaired individuals to avoid obstacles.

[0077] Figure 16 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the photoelectric sensor 3 in this embodiment.

[0078] Specifically, such as Figure 16 As shown, when the two photosensitive units 31 are arranged horizontally, the edge of the target object can be considered to be in a vertical state. In the horizontal direction, the edge of the target object is considered to be located at the first reference line (e.g., Figure 16 The reference line (shown by the thick dashed line II) is within a range of ±15° (angle a5 is 30°). The first reference line is located between the two photosensitive units 31 and parallel to the axis of the clearance hole 111. When the two photosensitive units 31 are vertically aligned, the edge of the target object can be considered horizontal. In the vertical direction, the edge of the target object is considered to be within a range of ±15° based on the first reference line. The first reference line is located between the two photosensitive units 31 and parallel to the axis of the clearance hole 111.

[0079] In some implementations, step S200 specifically includes comparing the first light intensity information and the second light intensity information and generating a second light intensity difference. Both the first and second light intensity information are light intensity information collected by a sensor array. From the perspective of acquisition time, the first light intensity information is acquired before the second light intensity information, and the first and second light intensity information are within a set time range. In this step, the optical flow signal collected by the sensor array is the aforementioned optical flow signal. The set time range in this step can be configured to 100ms.

[0080] When the second light intensity difference exceeds a second threshold, the target is determined to be approaching. When the second light intensity difference is less than a third threshold, the target is determined to be moving away. That is, the closer a target is to the sensor array, the stronger the infrared light reflected from the sensor array; the farther a target is from the sensor array, the weaker the infrared light reflected from the sensor array. Therefore, the headphones can alert visually impaired individuals to avoid targets in a timely manner.

[0081] Optionally, the second threshold can be a light intensity change rate of 15%, or a light intensity change rate of -15%.

[0082] Optionally, the first light intensity information and the second light intensity information collected by each photosensitive unit 31 are compared. When a set number of photosensitive units 31 in the sensor array meet the above conditions (for example, 80% of the photosensitive units 31 in the sensor array), it is determined that the target object is approaching or moving away.

[0083] Optionally, the average value of the first light intensity information collected by each photosensitive unit 31 of the sensor array is used to generate a first average light intensity value. Simultaneously, the average value of the second light intensity information collected by each photosensitive unit 31 of the sensor array is used to generate a second average light intensity value. The first average light intensity value and the second average light intensity value are compared to generate a difference in average light intensity values. If the difference in average light intensity values ​​is greater than a second threshold, it is determined that the target object is approaching. If the difference in average light intensity values ​​is less than a third threshold, it is determined that the target object is moving away.

[0084] In some embodiments, step S100 is followed by generating an average light intensity value based on the light intensity signals collected by each photosensitive unit 31. In this step, the main chip 41 collects ambient light through each photosensitive unit 31 and then calculates the average light intensity value. Step S200 specifically includes determining that the target object is a reflective object in response to the light intensity signal collected by the photosensitive unit 31 being greater than or equal to a set multiple of the average light intensity value.

[0085] Specifically, the light signal used for detection by the sensor array in this step is a reflective signal. When the light intensity signal detected by a certain photosensitive unit 31 or several photosensitive units 31 of the sensor array is greater than or equal to three times the average light intensity, the target object is determined to be a reflective object. The reflective object can be metal, glass, or a puddle.

[0086] Preferably, to avoid confusion between the reflected light signal and the edge of the target object being detected, the sensor array mainly collects ambient light with an incident angle of less than 30°, and uses multiple adjacent photosensitive units 31 to jointly determine the reflected light signal. For example, if the light intensity signal collected by multiple adjacent photosensitive units 31 is greater than or equal to a set multiple of the average light intensity, then the target object is determined to be a reflective object.

[0087] In some implementations, step S100 specifically includes acquiring ambient light within a set frequency band using a sensor array to generate a spectral rhythm signal. This spectral rhythm signal represents the change in light intensity within a period, for example, a change in light intensity lasting for three or more periods. Simultaneously, the frequency of the acquired ambient light can be between 5Hz and 20Hz, thereby enabling the identification of pedestrians or traffic lights.

[0088] Step S200 specifically includes comparing the fluctuation depth and scintillation index of the spectral rhythm signal within a set time period. If the fluctuation depth is greater than a fourth threshold and the scintillation index is greater than a fifth threshold, and the spectral rhythm signal continues for a set period, it is determined to be a periodic light source environment.

[0089] As is easily understood, flicker modulation depth is a relative indicator used to characterize the amplitude of fluctuations in periodic optical or electrical signals. The formula is: (I MAX -I MIN ) / (I MAX -I MIN ), where I MAX I represents the maximum light intensity or voltage within the period. MIN This represents the minimum light intensity or voltage within a period. A larger fluctuation depth indicates a stronger fluctuation amplitude. The flicker index characterizes the degree of flicker caused by the periodic fluctuation of light output from a light source over time. The formula is: (A+C) / (A+B+C+D), where A and C represent the area where the light output is above the average luminous flux level (i.e., the intensity peak) within one flicker cycle. B and D represent the area where the light output is below the average luminous flux level (i.e., the intensity trough).

[0090] Specifically, the fourth threshold can be 20%, and the fifth threshold can be 0.35. Thus, the main chip 41 can determine whether a pedestrian has walked by through the spectral rhythm signal.

[0091] Furthermore, the distance between the target and the user is determined based on the rate of change of the strong optical signal and the rate of change of the optical flow signal. For example, if both the rate of change of the strong signal and the rate of change of the optical flow signal are relatively fast, the target is considered to be close to the user. Voice prompts are divided into three levels based on distance, for example, in descending order of importance: urgent (0-1m), general (1-3m), and normal (3-5m). Important reminders are prioritized during prompting, and when a high-priority reminder appears, it can be scheduled before a low-priority reminder.

[0092] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be modified and varied in various ways. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An earphone, characterized in that, The headphones include: The body has a first concha contact surface, a second concha contact surface, a sound outlet, and a receiving cavity. The first concha contact surface and the second concha contact surface are located on the outer surface of the body and the first concha contact surface and the second concha contact surface are opposite to each other. The sound outlet is located between the first concha contact surface and the second concha contact surface. The first concha contact surface has a clearance hole. A loudspeaker is disposed in the accommodating cavity and faces the sound outlet; and A photoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the speaker and includes multiple photosensitive units. The multiple photosensitive units form a sensor array. The photoelectric sensor corresponds to the clearance hole, and the multiple photosensitive units face the outside of the accommodating cavity.

2. The earphone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the first concha contact surface away from the sound outlet and the side of the second concha contact surface away from the sound outlet are inclined in opposite directions, and the inclination of the first concha contact surface relative to the central axis of the sound outlet is greater than the inclination of the second concha contact surface relative to the central axis of the sound outlet.

3. The earphone according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clearance hole is an elongated hole; In the cross-sectional direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the sound outlet, the inclination direction of the elongated hole is consistent with the inclination direction of the sound outlet.

4. The earphone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loudspeaker divides the accommodating cavity to form a first cavity and a second cavity, and the sound outlet is connected to the first cavity; At least a portion of the photoelectric sensor is located inside the edge of the clearance hole, and one end of the clearance hole extends into the first cavity.

5. The earphone according to claim 4, characterized in that, The headphones also include: Circuit components are electrically connected to the speaker; A flexible transmission line is electrically connected at one end to the photoelectric sensor, and at the other end passes through the edge of the speaker, through the first cavity and the second cavity, and is electrically connected to the circuit assembly.

6. The earphone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The earphones also include a circuit assembly, which includes a main chip; The main chip is electrically connected to the speaker and via I 2 The C control bus is electrically connected to the photoelectric sensor.

7. The earphone according to claim 6, characterized in that, The headphones also include a microphone; The main chip includes a digital-to-analog converter and an analog-to-digital converter. The digital-to-analog converter is electrically connected to the speaker, and the analog-to-digital converter is electrically connected to the microphone.

8. The earphone according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main chip also includes a serial interface module; The circuit assembly also includes a memory, which is electrically connected to the serial interface module via an SPI bus.

9. The earphone according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main chip also includes a power management module; The circuit assembly also includes a contact module, which is electrically connected to the power management module.

10. The earphone according to claim 9, characterized in that, The main chip also includes a general-purpose input / output interface module; The circuit assembly also includes a bidirectional isolation circuit, through which the contact module is electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output interface module, and the enable pin of the bidirectional isolation circuit is electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output interface module.

11. The earphone according to claim 10, characterized in that, The circuit assembly also includes a MOSFET, the drain of which is electrically connected to the power management module, the source of which is electrically connected to the contact module, and the gate of which is connected to the main chip.

12. The earphone according to claim 9, characterized in that, The circuit assembly also includes a battery and a protection chip. The positive and negative terminals of the battery are electrically connected to the protection chip, and the positive terminal of the battery is electrically connected to the power management module.

13. The earphone according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main chip also includes general-purpose input / output pins with integrated analog-to-digital conversion function; The circuit assembly also includes a thermistor, which is electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output pin of the integrated analog-to-digital conversion function.

14. The headphones according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main chip also includes a clock module; The circuit assembly also includes a crystal oscillator module, which is electrically connected to the clock module.

15. An information prompting method, said information prompting method being applied to an earphone according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, The headphone control method includes: Ambient light is collected by the sensor array to generate an optical signal, wherein the optical signal includes at least one of light intensity signal, optical flow signal, reflection signal and spectral rhythm signal; Feature information is extracted based on the optical signal; Determine the corresponding speech output information based on the feature information; The speaker is controlled to emit a prompt audio based on the voice output information.

16. The information prompting method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The step of acquiring ambient light through the sensor array to generate a light signal includes, prior to: The ambient light is collected by a first photosensitive unit, wherein the plurality of photosensitive units include the first photosensitive unit; In response to the light intensity of the pre-detected light signal collected by the first photosensitive unit being greater than a first threshold and the duration being greater than a first set duration, the ambient light is collected by the sensor array.

17. The information prompting method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The process of acquiring ambient light through the sensor array to generate a light signal then includes: A light intensity average is generated based on the light intensity signals collected by each of the photosensitive units; The step of extracting feature information based on the optical signal specifically includes: Compare the light intensity information of two adjacent photosensitive units and generate a first light intensity difference; If the difference between the first light intensity difference and the average light intensity exceeds a set value and continues for a set duration, the edge position of the target object is determined.

18. The information prompting method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The step of extracting feature information based on the optical signal specifically includes: The first light intensity information and the second light intensity information are compared and a second light intensity difference is generated. The first light intensity information and the second light intensity information are both light intensity information collected by the sensor array. The first light intensity information is located before the second light intensity information is collected and the first light intensity information and the second light intensity information are within a set time range. When the second light intensity difference is greater than the second threshold, it is determined that the target object is approaching. When the second light intensity difference is less than the third threshold, it is determined that the target object is moving away.

19. The information prompting method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The process of acquiring ambient light through the sensor array to generate a light signal then includes: A light intensity average is generated based on the light intensity signals collected by each of the photosensitive units; The step of extracting feature information based on the optical signal specifically includes: If the light intensity signal collected by the photosensitive unit is greater than or equal to a set multiple of the average light intensity, the target object is determined to be a reflective object.

20. The information prompting method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The step of collecting ambient light through the sensor array to generate an optical signal specifically includes: The sensor array collects ambient light within a set frequency band to generate a spectral rhythm signal. The step of extracting feature information based on the optical signal specifically includes: Within a set time period, the fluctuation depth and scintillation index of the spectral rhythm signal are compared; In response to the fluctuation depth being greater than a fourth threshold and the scintillation index being greater than a fifth threshold, and the spectral rhythm signal continuing for a set period, a periodic light source environment is determined.

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