Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. The photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of solar cell pieces, a solder strip, a first protective cover plate and a first bus bar. The solder strip is connected to the plurality of solar cell pieces arranged in a column along a second direction in series, and a first solder strip section is connected to a back light surface of the solar cell piece. The first protective cover plate is provided with a first through hole. The first bus bar comprises a connecting section and a leading-out section. The connecting section comprises a surrounding part and a contact part, the plurality of surrounding parts and the plurality of first solder strip sections are one-to-one corresponding, the surrounding part surrounds the first solder strip section away from the outer circumferential side of the solar cell piece, and the contact part is connected between two surrounding parts arranged adjacently. The leading-out section is arranged on the side of the surrounding part away from the solar cell piece and connected with the surrounding part, and at least a part of the leading-out section extends along the thickness direction of the solar cell piece and passes through the first through hole. The embodiment of the application can reduce the risk of solar cell piece hidden crack fragments, and improve the production yield and reliability of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this application relate to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and more particularly to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] A photovoltaic module may include solar cells, solder ribbons, a protective cover, and busbars. The number of solar cells is multiple, and these solar cells are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction. At least a portion of the solder ribbon is disposed on the back surface of the solar cell, and two adjacent solar cells are connected in series along the second direction.

[0003] Busbars are positioned on the back surface of the solar cells and correspond to the solder strips located on the back surface of the solar cells. A protective cover is laminated to the back surface of the solar cells.

[0004] Under normal circumstances, solar cells are easily cracked and broken due to the pressure of the solder strip, which affects the production yield and reliability of photovoltaic modules. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide a photovoltaic module that can reduce the risk of microcracks and breakage of solar cells, thereby improving the production yield and reliability of photovoltaic modules.

[0006] On one hand, embodiments of this application provide a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module includes multiple solar cells, solder ribbons, a first protective cover, and a first busbar. The multiple solar cells are arranged in multiple columns along a first direction and multiple rows along a second direction, the first and second directions intersecting, and both directions being parallel to the back surface of the solar cells. Multiple solder ribbons are used, connecting the multiple solar cells arranged in a column along the second direction in series. At least two solder ribbons connect two adjacent solar cells arranged along the second direction, and these at least two solder ribbons are spaced apart along the first direction. Each solder ribbon includes a first solder ribbon segment connected to the back surface of the solar cell. The first protective cover is disposed on the side of the solar cell where the back surface is located and connected to the solar cell. The first protective cover has a first through-hole. The first busbar includes a connecting section and a lead-out section. The connecting section includes an enclosure portion and a contact portion. There are multiple enclosure portions, each corresponding to a specific first solder strip segment. The enclosure portion surrounds the first solder strip segment away from the outer periphery of the solar cell, and the enclosure portion is connected to the first solder strip segment. The contact portion connects two adjacent enclosure portions and makes contact with the back surface of the solar cell. A lead-out segment is located on the side of the enclosure portion away from the solar cell and is connected to the enclosure portion. At least a portion of the lead-out segment extends along the thickness direction of the solar cell and passes through a first through-hole.

[0007] In some possible implementations, the lead-out section includes a first sub-lead-out section and a second sub-lead-out section. The first sub-lead-out section extends along a first direction and is connected to the enclosure portion. The second sub-lead-out section is connected to the end of the first sub-lead-out section, and the second sub-lead-out section extends along the thickness direction of the solar cell and passes through a first through-hole.

[0008] In some possible implementations, along the first direction, the end of the first sub-lead-out segment away from the second sub-lead-out segment is flush with the end of the connecting segment; or, the orthographic projection of the first sub-lead-out segment on the back surface of the solar cell falls within the range of the orthographic projection of the connecting segment on the back surface of the solar cell.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the connecting segment includes a conductive adhesive layer and a conductive connecting layer, the conductive connecting layer being connected to the first solder strip segment and the solar cell via the conductive adhesive layer.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the thickness of the conductive connection layer ranges from 0.04 mm to 0.1 mm, and the thickness of the conductive adhesive layer ranges from 0.02 mm to 0.08 mm.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the conductive connection layer includes a first metal layer and a first solder layer, the first solder layer being disposed around the outer side of the first metal layer. The lead-out segment includes a second metal layer and a second solder layer, the second solder layer being disposed around the outer periphery of the second metal layer. The first solder layer and the second solder layer are soldered together.

[0012] In some possible implementations, multiple solar cells arranged in a row along the second direction are connected in series to form a solar cell string via solder strips. The number of rows of solar cells arranged along the second direction is 3n, where 4 ≤ n ≤ 13, and n is a positive integer. The first protective cover includes a first edge and a second edge arranged opposite each other along the second direction, with the first edge closer to the first busbar than the second edge. Solar cells in rows 1 to 3n are arranged sequentially along the direction from the first edge to the second edge. The first busbar is located on the side where the backlight surface of the (n-1)th, nth, or (n+1)th row of solar cells is located.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the first busbar includes a first sub-busbar and a second sub-busbar, which are spaced apart along a first direction. The photovoltaic module also includes a first junction box and a first diode. The first junction box is located on the side of the first protective cover away from the solar cells, and the first junction box and a first through-hole are correspondingly arranged, with at least a portion of the lead-out section extending into the first junction box. The first diode is located within the first junction box, with a first end connected to the lead-out section of the first sub-busbar, and a second end connected to the lead-out section of the second sub-busbar.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the connecting segments are constructed as flexible conductive materials.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the connecting segment includes conductive tape.

[0016] In summary, the embodiments of this application have at least the following beneficial effects: In the embodiments of this application, the enclosure portion is connected to the outer periphery of the first welding strip segment, the contact portion is connected to the back surface of the solar cell, and the contact portion connects two adjacent enclosure portions, so that the connecting segment can not only be connected to the first welding strip segment, but also to the solar cell.

[0017] This disperses the force (first force) acting on the solar cell along the direction from the first protective cover to the second protective cover. This allows the first force to be transmitted not only through the first solder strip to the connection point between the solar cell and the first solder strip, but also through the contact area to other parts of the solar cell. With the magnitude of the first force remaining constant, dispersing the first force reduces the risk of microcracks and breakage of the solar cell, as well as grid line breakage, thus improving the production yield and reliability of photovoltaic modules.

[0018] In addition, the contact between the contact section and the solar cell is a conductive contact, which increases the conductive path between the connection section and the solar cell, reduces the resistance between the connection section and the solar cell, and helps to improve the conductivity between the two, reducing the risk of overheating caused by excessive resistance between the connection section and the solar cell.

[0019] The connecting segment is constructed of a flexible conductive material. When the connecting segment is subjected to a force (i.e., a first force) acting along the direction from the first protective cover to the second protective cover, the flexible conductive material of the connecting segment can deform to absorb part of the first force. This reduces the force transmitted from the enclosure to the first solder strip segment, and thus reduces the force exerted by the first solder strip segment on the solar cell. Furthermore, it also reduces the force exerted by the contact portion on the solar cell. This reduces the risk of microcracks and breakage of the solar cell, thereby improving the production yield and reliability of photovoltaic modules.

[0020] The lead-out section is connected to the enclosure section, and at least a portion of the lead-out section extends along the thickness direction of the solar cell and passes through the first through hole, so that the lead-out section can lead out the connection section, thereby allowing other devices (such as the first diode) to be connected through the lead-out section and the connection section. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first solar cell and the second solar cell provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first solar cell and the second solar cell provided in other embodiments of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first solar cell and the second solar cell, provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first solar cell and the second solar cell, provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit structure of a photovoltaic module provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solar cell, the first solder strip, and the first busbar in some possible implementations; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell, a first solder strip, and a first busbar provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection segment provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell, a first solder strip, a first busbar, and a first protective cover plate provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 200: Photovoltaic module; 201: First junction box; 202: Second junction box; 203: Third junction box; 210: Solar cell; 210a: Solar cell string; 2101: First solar cell; 2102: Second solar cell; 211: First solar cell string; 2111: First sub-string; 2112: Second sub-string; 212: Second solar cell string; 2121: Third sub-string; 2122: Fourth sub-string; 220: Solder ribbon; 221: First solder ribbon segment; 222: Second solder ribbon segment; 223: Bending segment; 230: First protective cover; 240: First busbar; 2401: First sub-busbar; 2402: Second sub-busbar; 241: Connecting segment; 241a: Conductive adhesive layer; 24 1b: Conductive connection layer; 2411: Enclosure portion; 2412: Contact portion; 242: Lead-out section; 2421: First sub-lead-out section; 2422: Second sub-lead-out section; 250: Second busbar; 251: Third sub-busbar; 252: Fourth sub-busbar; 261: First jumper wire; 262: Second jumper wire; D1: First diode; D2: Second diode; D3: Third diode; P1: Light-receiving surface; P2: Backlight-receiving surface; Q1: First through-hole; A1: First power generation section; A2: Second power generation section; A3: Third power generation section; X: First direction; Y: Second direction; Z: Thickness direction of solar cell; F: First force; F1: First sub-force; F2: Second sub-force; F3: Third sub-force. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] In this application, the terms "upper," "left," "right," "front," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0026] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0029] Photovoltaic modules can convert light energy (such as solar energy) into electrical energy, thereby realizing photovoltaic power generation. With the continuous development of the photovoltaic industry, the packaging form of photovoltaic modules is gradually upgrading from the traditional whole-cell packaging to two-cell, three-cell, four-cell, and even any number of multi-cell packaging.

[0030] Taking a three-cell package as an example, after the solar cells are manufactured, they are cut into three independent small cells. These independent small cells can be connected in series to form multiple cell strings, and then these cell strings can be connected in parallel. After lamination and other processes, they can be made into photovoltaic modules.

[0031] This segmented packaging design significantly reduces the operating current of individual cell segments. Taking a three-cell package as an example, the operating current of a single cell segment can be reduced by 2 / 3 compared to the operating current of the entire cell. Reducing the operating current of individual cell segments reduces the heat generated by each cell segment, lowers thermal resistance losses, and enables photovoltaic modules to achieve higher power generation and better heat resistance.

[0032] Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a photovoltaic module 200. It can be understood that the photovoltaic module 200 is a three-cell photovoltaic module.

[0033] In some examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module 200 includes multiple solar cells 210, which are arranged in multiple columns along a first direction X and in multiple rows along a second direction Y.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first solar cell and the second solar cell, provided for some embodiments of this application. Figure 3A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first solar cell and the second solar cell provided for other embodiments of this application.

[0035] For example, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, any solar cell 210 includes a light-receiving surface P1 and a back-lighting surface P2 disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction Z of the solar cell 210. Understandably, the light-receiving surface P1 faces the light source, and the back-lighting surface P2 faces away from the light source. Light rays illuminating both the light-receiving surface P1 and the back-lighting surface P2 can be converted into electrical energy; alternatively, light rays illuminating the light-receiving surface P1 can be converted into electrical energy, while light rays illuminating the back-lighting surface P2 cannot be converted into electrical energy.

[0036] The first direction X and the second direction Y intersect, and both the first direction X and the second direction Y are parallel to the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210.

[0037] For example, the first direction X and the second direction Y can be perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, that is, the angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y can be approximately 90°. Alternatively, the angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y can be other values, and the embodiments of this application do not further limit this.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first solar cell and the second solar cell, provided for some embodiments of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first solar cell and the second solar cell, provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0039] In some examples, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the photovoltaic module 200 also includes a solder ribbon 220, and there are multiple solder ribbons 220. The solder ribbons 220 are connected in series with multiple solar cells 210 arranged in a row along the second direction Y.

[0040] At least two solder strips 220 connect two solar cells 210 that are adjacent to each other along the second direction Y, and the at least two solder strips 220 are spaced apart along the first direction X.

[0041] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, two solar cells 210 arranged adjacent to each other along the second direction Y may include a first solar cell 2101 and a second solar cell 2102, which are connected in series by at least two solder strips 220. Furthermore, the at least two solder strips 220 connecting the first solar cell 2101 and the second solar cell 2102 are spaced apart along the first direction X.

[0042] The number of solder ribbons 220 connecting the first solar cell 2101 and the second solar cell 2102 in series can be three, four or more. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the number of solder ribbons 220 connecting the first solar cell 2101 and the second solar cell 2102 in series.

[0043] Refer again Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some examples, the solder ribbon 220 includes a first solder ribbon segment 221, which is connected to the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210.

[0044] Understandably, the first solder strip segment 221 is connected to the pads of the solar cell 210. For example, the solar cell 210 may include a positive electrode pad and a negative electrode pad. The positive electrode pad may be located on the light-receiving surface P1, and the negative electrode pad may be located on the back-lighting surface P2. Alternatively, both the positive and negative electrode pads may be located on the back-lighting surface P2. The solar cell 210 may also include grid lines for collecting current. The grid lines are connected to the pads.

[0045] When both the positive and negative electrode pads are located on the backlight side P2, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first solar cell 2101 and the second solar cell 2102 can be stacked, that is, the light-receiving surface P1 of the first solar cell 2101 can overlap with the back-lighting surface P2 of the second solar cell 2102, so that the first solar cell 2101 and the second solar cell 2102 can be without gaps in the second direction Y, which is beneficial to increase the area ratio of the solar cell 210 in the photovoltaic module 200, thereby increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0046] At this time, there can be two first solder ribbon segments 221. One first solder ribbon segment 221 is disposed on the back surface P2 of the first solar cell 2101 and connected to the positive electrode pad of the first solar cell 2101. The other first solder ribbon segment 221 can be disposed on the back surface P2 of the second solar cell 2102 and connected to the negative electrode pad of the second solar cell 2102. The solder ribbon 220 may also include a bending segment 223, which spans the first solar cell 2101 and the second solar cell 2102 and connects the two first solder ribbon segments 221.

[0047] When the positive electrode pad is set on the light-receiving surface P1 and the negative electrode pad is set on the back-lighting surface P2, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first solar cell 2101 and the second solar cell 2102 can be spaced apart along the second direction Y. In this case, the solder strip 220 may include a first solder strip segment 221, a second solder strip segment 222, and a bent segment 223.

[0048] The first solder strip segment 221 can be disposed on the back surface P2 of the first solar cell 2101 and connected to the negative electrode pad of the first solar cell 2101. The second solder strip segment 222 can be disposed on the light-receiving surface P1 of the second solar cell 2102 and connected to the positive electrode pad of the second solar cell 2102. The bent segment 223 can be bent and disposed in the gap between the first solar cell 2101 and the second solar cell 2102, and connect the first solder strip segment 221 and the second solder strip segment 222.

[0049] Continue to refer to Figure 1 In some examples, multiple solar cells 210 arranged in a row along the second direction Y are connected in series as a solar cell string 210a via solder strips 220.

[0050] Understandably, there are multiple solar cell strings 210a, which are spaced apart along a first direction X. For example, the photovoltaic module 200 may include six solar cell strings 210a, or the photovoltaic module 200 may include other numbers of solar cell strings 210a. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the number of solar cell strings 210a.

[0051] Continue to refer to Figure 1 The solar cell string 210a may include a plurality of first solar cell strings 211 and a plurality of second solar cell strings 212. For example, the number of first solar cell strings 211 and the number of second solar cell strings 212 may be equal.

[0052] The first solar cell string 211 may include a first substring 2111 and a second substring 2112 arranged along the second direction Y, and the second solar cell string 212 may include a third substring 2121 and a fourth substring 2122 arranged along the second direction Y.

[0053] Multiple first substrings 2111 are connected in parallel to form the first power generation unit A1, multiple third substrings 2121 are connected in parallel to form the second power generation unit A2, multiple second substrings 2112 and multiple fourth substrings 2122 are connected in series to form a connecting string, and multiple connecting strings are connected in parallel to form the third power generation unit A3. The first power generation unit A1, the third power generation unit A3, and the second power generation unit A2 are connected in series sequentially.

[0054] Continue to refer to Figure 1 The photovoltaic module 200 may also include a first busbar 240, a second busbar 250, a first jumper 261, and a second jumper 262.

[0055] The first busbar 240 extends along the first direction X, and the first busbar 240 is disposed on the side where the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210 is located. Figure 1As shown, the first busbar 240 can be disposed on the back surface P2 of a row of solar cells 210 and connected to the first solder strip segment 221 located on the back surface P2 of the row of solar cells 210.

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit structure of a photovoltaic module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0057] In some examples, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first busbar 240 may include a first sub-busbar 2401 and a second sub-busbar 2402, which are spaced apart along a first direction X.

[0058] The first sub-busbar 2401 can be connected to the positive terminal of the first power generation unit A1 and the negative terminal of the third power generation unit A3 through the first solder strip 221, and the second sub-busbar 2402 can be connected to the negative terminal of the second power generation unit A2 and the positive terminal of the third power generation unit A3 through the first solder strip 221.

[0059] The second busbar 250 extends along the first direction X and is disposed at one end of the solar cell string 210a. For example, the second busbar 250 may include a third sub-busbar 251 and a fourth sub-busbar 252. The third sub-busbar 251 is disposed at the end of the first sub-string 2111 away from the second sub-string 2112, and is connected to the negative terminal of the first power generation unit A1. Understandably, the negative terminal of the first power generation unit A1 is the negative terminal of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0060] The fourth sub-busbar 252 is disposed at the end of the third sub-string 2121 away from the fourth sub-string 2122, and the fourth sub-busbar 252 is connected to the positive terminal of the second power generation unit A2. Understandably, the positive terminal of the second power generation unit A2 is the positive terminal of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0061] Jumpers (including first jumper 261 and second jumper 262) are disposed on the side of the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210. The jumpers extend along the second direction Y, and the first jumper 261 and the second jumper 262 are spaced apart along the first direction X.

[0062] The first jumper 261 may include a first sub-jumper and a second sub-jumper spaced apart along the second direction Y. The first sub-jumper is connected to a third sub-busbar 251, and the second sub-jumper is connected to the first sub-busbar 2401. The second jumper 262 may include a third sub-jumper and a fourth sub-jumper spaced apart along the second direction Y. The third sub-jumper is connected to a fourth sub-busbar 252, and the fourth sub-jumper is connected to the second sub-busbar 2402.

[0063] Continue to refer to Figure 6The photovoltaic module 200 may also include a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a third diode D3.

[0064] The first terminal of the first diode D1 can be connected to the first sub-busbar 2401, and the second terminal of the first diode D1 can be connected to the second sub-busbar 2402. The first terminal of the second diode D2 can be connected to the first sub-jumper, and the second terminal of the second diode D2 can be connected to the second sub-jumper. The first terminal of the third diode D3 can be connected to the fourth sub-jumper, and the second terminal of the third diode D3 can be connected to the third sub-jumper.

[0065] For example, the first end of a diode (including a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a third diode D3) can be the anode of the diode, and the second end of the diode can be the cathode of the diode.

[0066] Understandably, when the photovoltaic module 200 is in normal working condition, the first diode D1, the second diode D2, and the third diode D3 are in the off state.

[0067] When the third power generation unit A3 malfunctions, the first diode D1 conducts to bypass the third power generation unit A3, while the first power generation unit A1 and the second power generation unit A2 can operate normally. When the first power generation unit A1 malfunctions, the second diode D2 conducts to bypass the first power generation unit A1, while the second power generation unit A2 and the third power generation unit A3 can operate normally. When the second power generation unit A2 malfunctions, the third diode D3 conducts to bypass the second power generation unit A2, while the first power generation unit A1 and the third power generation unit A3 can operate normally.

[0068] In other words, the diode can bypass the abnormal power generation section in the first power generation section A1, the second power generation section A2, and the third power generation section A3, reducing the impact of the abnormal power generation section on other normal power generation sections and ensuring the output power of the photovoltaic module 200 in the fault state.

[0069] In some examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module 200 also includes a first protective cover plate 230, which is disposed on the side of the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210 and connected to the solar cell 210.

[0070] The first protective cover 230 can be constructed as a light-transmitting material to reduce the obstruction of light caused by the first protective cover 230. Alternatively, the first protective cover 230 can also be constructed as a light-shielding material. The material of the first protective cover 230 may include glass or other materials. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the light transmittance and material of the first protective cover 230.

[0071] For example, the photovoltaic module 200 may further include a first encapsulating film, at least a portion of which is disposed between the first protective cover 230 and the backlight surface P2 of the solar cell 210. Lamination can be used to bond the first encapsulating film to the first protective cover 230 and the solar cell 210, thereby enabling the first protective cover 230 to protect the solar cell 210.

[0072] The photovoltaic module 200 may also include a second protective cover (not shown in the figure), which is disposed on the side of the solar cell 210 where the light-receiving surface P1 is located and is connected to the solar cell 210.

[0073] The second protective cover can be constructed of a light-transmitting material to reduce the obstruction of light caused by the second protective cover. The material of the second protective cover may include glass or other light-transmitting materials, and the embodiments of this application do not further limit the material of the second protective cover.

[0074] For example, the photovoltaic module 200 may further include a second encapsulating film, at least a portion of which is disposed between the second protective cover and the light-receiving surface P1 of the solar cell 210. Lamination can be used to bond the second encapsulating film to the second protective cover and the solar cell 210, thereby enabling the second protective cover to protect the solar cell 210.

[0075] Continue to refer to Figure 1 In some examples, the number of rows of solar cells 210 arranged along the second direction Y is 3n, where 4≤n≤13 and n is a positive integer.

[0076] The value of n can be 10, in which case the photovoltaic module 200 includes 30 rows of solar cells 210. Alternatively, the value of n can also be 11, in which case the photovoltaic module 200 includes 33 rows of solar cells. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the value of n.

[0077] The first protective cover 230 includes a first edge and a second edge disposed opposite to each other along the second direction Y, with the first edge closer to the first busbar 240 relative to the second edge. Solar cells in rows 1 to 3n are arranged sequentially along the direction from the first edge to the second edge.

[0078] The first busbar position 240 is located on the side where the backlight surface P2 of the (n-1)th row of solar cells, the nth row of solar cells, or the (n+1)th row of solar cells is located.

[0079] In other words, along the second direction Y, the ratio of the number of rows of solar cells 210 arranged on the side of the first busbar 240 near the first edge to the number of rows of solar cells arranged on the side of the first busbar 240 near the second edge is approximately equal to .

[0080] Taking n as an example of 11, the first busbar 240 can be set on the side where the back surface P2 of the 10th row of solar cells, the 11th row of solar cells, or the 12th row of solar cells is located. By adopting the above arrangement, the number of solar cells 210 in the power generation section (including the first power generation section A1, the second power generation section A2, and the third power generation section A3) is too large, thus ensuring the output power of the photovoltaic module 200 in the fault state.

[0081] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solar cell, the first solder strip, and the first busbar in some possible implementations.

[0082] like Figure 7 As shown, in some possible implementations, the first busbar 240 is a flat strip-shaped conductive structure, the contact area between the first busbar 240 and the first solder strip 221 is small, and the contact area between the first solder strip 221 and the backlight surface P2 of the solar cell 210 is also small.

[0083] During the lamination process, or during the welding process of the welding head welding the first busbar 240 and the first welding strip 221, the first protective cover plate 230 will apply a force (first force F) to the first busbar 240 in the direction of the second protective cover plate. The first force F will be transmitted to the solar cell 210 through the first welding strip 221.

[0084] Because the contact area between the first solder strip 221 and the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210 is small, the first force F on the solar cell 210 will be concentrated at the connection between the solar cell 210 and the first solder strip 221, which increases the risk of microcracks and grid line breakage of the solar cell 210 and affects the production yield of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0085] In addition, the weight of the first protective cover plate 230 and the external forces that the photovoltaic module 200 is subjected to during transportation may exert a first force F on the first busbar 240. The first force F is transmitted to the solar cell 210 through the first welding strip 221, which increases the risk of microcracks and grid line breakage of the solar cell 210 and affects the reliability of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0086] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell, a first solder strip, and a first busbar provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0087] Based on this, in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the first busbar 240 includes a connecting section 241 and a lead-out section 242.

[0088] The connecting section 241 includes a surrounding portion 2411 and a contact portion 2412. There are multiple surrounding portions 2411, and each of the multiple surrounding portions 2411 corresponds to a multiple first welding strip segments 221. The surrounding portion 2411 surrounds the first welding strip segment 221 away from the outer periphery of the solar cell 210, and the surrounding portion 2411 and the first welding strip segment 221 are connected.

[0089] For example, the enclosure 2411 can be an arched structure or a near-arched structure, so that the enclosure 2411 can be connected to the outer periphery of the first weld strip 221.

[0090] The contact portion 2412 is connected between two adjacent enclosure portions 2411, and the contact portion 2412 is in contact with the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210.

[0091] For example, the connecting segment 241 can be a one-piece molded structure to improve the connection reliability between the enclosure portion 2411 and the contact portion 2412.

[0092] Understandably, the enclosure portion 2411 is connected to the outer periphery of the first solder strip segment 221, and the contact portion 2412 is connected to the backlight surface P2 of the solar cell 210. The contact portion 2412 also connects two adjacent enclosure portions 2411, allowing the connecting segment 241 to connect not only to the first solder strip segment 221 but also to the solar cell 210. When the first busbar 240 is subjected to a first force F, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the first force F can be dispersed into a first sub-force F1, a second sub-force F2, and a third sub-force F3.

[0093] In other words, the above-described configuration can disperse the first force F acting on the solar cell 210, ensuring that the force F is not only conducted through the first solder strip 221 to the connection point between the solar cell 210 and the first solder strip 221, but also through the contact portion 2412 to other locations on the solar cell 210. With the magnitude of the first force F remaining constant, dispersing the force F reduces the risk of microcracks or grid line breakage in the solar cell 210 caused by the force F, thus improving the production yield and reliability of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0094] Furthermore, the contact portion 2412 and the solar cell 210 are conductive contacts. Electrons on the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer of the solar cell 210 can flow directly to the contact portion 2412.

[0095] In other words, there are two conductive paths between the solar cell 210 and the connecting section 241. One conductive path is between the solar cell 210, the first solder strip section 221, and the enclosure portion 2411; the other conductive path is between the solar cell 210 and the contact portion 2412. The contact area between the contact portion 2412 and the solar cell 210 is relatively large, which allows for a small contact resistance between them.

[0096] By connecting the contact portion 2412 to the solar cell 210, the conductive path between the connecting segment 241 and the solar cell 210 can be increased, the resistance between the connecting segment 241 and the solar cell 210 can be reduced, which is beneficial to improving the conductivity between the two and reducing the risk of overheating caused by excessive resistance between the connecting segment 241 and the solar cell 210.

[0097] In some examples, the connection segment 241 is constructed as a flexible conductive material.

[0098] Understandably, when subjected to a force (first force F) along the direction from the first protective cover 230 to the second protective cover, the flexible conductive material connecting segment 241 can deform to absorb part of the first force F, thereby reducing the force transmitted from the enclosure portion 2411 to the first solder strip segment 221, which in turn reduces the force exerted by the first solder strip segment 221 on the solar cell 210. Furthermore, it also reduces the force exerted by the contact portion 2412 on the solar cell 210. This reduces the risk of microcracks and breakage of the solar cell 210, thus improving the production yield and reliability of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0099] Furthermore, the connecting segment 241 is constructed of a flexible conductive material, which enables the connecting segment 241 to fit tightly with the first welding strip segment 221 and the solar cell 210, ensuring the reliability of electrical contact between the enclosure portion 2411 and the first welding strip segment 221, and between the contact portion 2412 and the solar cell 210.

[0100] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a connection segment provided in some embodiments of this application. In some examples, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the connecting segment 241 includes a conductive adhesive layer 241a and a conductive connecting layer 241b. The conductive connecting layer 241b is connected to the first solder strip segment 221 and the solar cell 210 through the conductive adhesive layer 241a.

[0101] Understandably, the conductive adhesive layer 241a is a flexible conductive material. The conductive connecting layer 241b is connected to the conductive adhesive layer 241a and serves to support the conductive adhesive layer 241a. The conductive connecting layer 241b is typically thin, allowing it to also be a flexible conductive material.

[0102] The connection segment 241 includes a conductive adhesive layer 241a and a conductive connection layer 241b, which enables the connection segment 241 to be constructed as a flexible conductive material, reducing the risk of microcracks and breakage of solar cells 210 and grid line breakage, and improving the production yield and reliability of photovoltaic modules 200.

[0103] In addition, the conductive connection layer 241b is connected to the first solder strip 221 and the solar cell 210 through the conductive adhesive layer 241a, without the need for welding or other processes, which can improve the convenience of connecting the connection segment 241 to the first solder strip 221 and the solar cell 210, thereby improving the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0104] For example, the material of the conductive connection layer 241b may include metals, such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, etc. Alternatively, the conductive connection layer 241b may also include other conductive materials. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the material of the conductive connection layer 241b.

[0105] In some examples, the thickness of the conductive connection layer 241b ranges from 0.04 mm to 0.1 mm, and the thickness of the conductive adhesive layer 241a ranges from 0.02 mm to 0.08 mm.

[0106] Setting the thickness of the conductive connection layer 241b to a range of 0.04 mm to 0.1 mm avoids making the thickness of the conductive connection layer 241b too large (e.g., greater than 0.1 mm), thus enabling the conductive connection layer 241b to be a flexible structure. Furthermore, it also avoids making the thickness of the conductive connection layer 241b too small (e.g., less than 0.04 mm), ensuring the conductivity of the conductive connection layer 241b and its load-bearing capacity for the conductive adhesive layer 241a.

[0107] For example, the thickness of the conductive connection layer 241b can be 0.05mm, 0.07mm or 0.09mm, etc. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the value of the thickness of the conductive connection layer 241b.

[0108] Setting the thickness of the conductive adhesive layer 241a to a range of 0.02mm to 0.08mm avoids excessive thickness (e.g., greater than 0.08mm), thus preventing excessive thickness of the connecting section 241 and facilitating a reduction in the thickness of the photovoltaic module 200. Furthermore, it also prevents the conductive adhesive layer 241a from being too thin (e.g., less than 0.02mm), ensuring its conductivity and adhesion to the conductive connecting layer 241b and the solar cell 210.

[0109] In some examples, the connector 241 includes conductive tape.

[0110] Understandably, the conductive tape is a flexible conductive material. The inclusion of conductive tape in the connecting section 241 serves two purposes: firstly, it allows the connecting section 241 to deform and absorb some of the initial force F, reducing the risk of microcracks in the solar cell 210 and grid line breakage; secondly, it facilitates the connection between the conductive tape and the first solder strip section 221 and the solar cell 210, thereby improving the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module 200 and reducing its production cost.

[0111] For example, during the fabrication of the photovoltaic module 200, conductive tape can be placed on the side of the first solder strip 221 away from the solar cell 210, and then a roller is used to roll on the conductive tape so that the conductive tape can form a connecting section 241 including a surrounding portion 2411 and a contact portion 2412.

[0112] Understandably, the roller rolls along the first direction X so that the conductive tape can adhere to the first solder strip 221 and the solar cell 210. During the rolling process, forces are applied to multiple positions of the solar cell 210 along the first direction X, avoiding excessive concentration of forces on the solar cell 210, thereby reducing the risk of microcracks and breakage of the solar cell 210 caused by the roller rolling process.

[0113] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell, a first solder strip, a first busbar, and a first protective cover plate provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0114] In some examples, such as Figure 10 As shown, the first protective cover plate 230 is provided with a first through hole Q1. The lead-out section 242 is provided on the side of the enclosure portion 2411 away from the solar cell 210 and is connected to the enclosure portion 2411. At least a portion of the lead-out section 242 extends along the thickness direction Z of the solar cell 210 and passes through the first through hole Q1.

[0115] Understandably, lead-out section 242 is connected to enclosure section 2411, and at least a portion of lead-out section 242 extends along the thickness direction Z of solar cell 210 and passes through first through hole Q1, so that lead-out section 242 can lead out connection section 241, thereby allowing other devices (such as first diode D1) to be connected through lead-out section 242 and connection section 241.

[0116] For example, the thickness of the lead-out segment 242 and the thickness of the connecting segment 241 may be the same or different, and the embodiments of this application do not further limit this.

[0117] In some examples, the photovoltaic module 200 also includes a first junction box 201 (see Figure 1The first junction box 201 is located on the side of the first protective cover 230 away from the solar cell 210, and the first junction box 201 and the first through hole Q1 are correspondingly arranged, with at least a portion of the lead-out section 242 extending into the first junction box 201.

[0118] The first diode D1 is disposed in the first junction box 201. The first end of the first diode D1 is connected to the lead-out section 241 of the first sub-busbar 2401, and the second end of the first diode D1 is connected to the lead-out section 241 of the second sub-busbar 2402.

[0119] In this way, the first diode D1 installed in the first junction box 201 can be connected between the first sub-busbar 2401 and the second sub-busbar 2402, thereby achieving the function of bypass conduction.

[0120] For example, the first protective cover 230 may also have a second through hole and a third through hole. (Continue to refer to...) Figure 1 The photovoltaic module 200 may also include a second junction box 202 and a third junction box 203.

[0121] The second junction box 202 is correspondingly provided with the second through hole, and the second diode D2 is provided inside the second junction box 202. One end of the first sub-jump wire passes through the second through hole and is connected to the first end of the second diode D2, and one end of the second sub-jump wire passes through the second through hole and is connected to the second end of the second diode D2, so that the second diode D2 can be connected between the first sub-jump wire and the second sub-jump wire to achieve bypass conduction.

[0122] The third junction box 203 and the third through hole are correspondingly arranged, and the third diode D3 is arranged inside the third junction box 203. One end of the fourth sub-jump wire passes through the third through hole and is connected to the first end of the third diode D3, and one end of the third sub-jump wire passes through the third through hole and is connected to the second end of the third diode D3, so that the third diode D3 can be connected between the third sub-jump wire and the fourth sub-jump wire to achieve bypass conduction.

[0123] Continue to refer to Figure 9 In some examples, lead-out segment 242 includes a first sub-lead-out segment 2421 and a second sub-lead-out segment 2422.

[0124] The first sub-lead section 2421 extends along the first direction X and is connected to the enclosure portion 2411. The second sub-lead section 2422 is connected to the end of the first sub-lead section 2421, and the second sub-lead section 2422 extends along the thickness direction Z of the solar cell 210 and passes through the first through hole Q1.

[0125] For example, the lead-out section 242 can be an L-shaped structure or a near-L-shaped structure. The lead-out section 242 includes a first sub-lead-out section 2421 and a second sub-lead-out section 2422. The first sub-lead-out section 2421 extends along a first direction X and connects to the enclosure portion 2411, improving the convenience and reliability of the connection between the first sub-lead-out section 2421 and the enclosure portion 2411. The second sub-lead-out section 2422 extends along the thickness direction Z of the solar cell 210 and passes through the first through-hole Q1, enabling the lead-out section 242 to lead out the connecting section 241.

[0126] In some examples, along the first direction X, the end of the first sub-lead 2421 away from the second sub-lead 2422 is flush with the end of the connecting segment 241; or, the orthographic projection of the first sub-lead 2421 on the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210 falls within the range of the orthographic projection of the connecting segment 241 on the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210.

[0127] Understandably, when the end of the first sub-lead 2421 furthest from the second sub-lead 2422 is flush with the end of the connecting segment 241, the connection reliability between the first sub-lead 2421 and the connecting segment 241 can be improved. Alternatively, the orthographic projection of the first sub-lead 2421 on the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210 can be set to fall within the range of the orthographic projection of the connecting segment 241 on the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210, that is, along the first direction X, the end of the connecting segment 241 protrudes beyond the end of the first sub-lead 2421, which helps to reduce the length of the first sub-lead 2421 along the first direction X and reduce the cost of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0128] Setting the end of the first sub-lead section 2421 away from the second sub-lead section 2422 to be flush with the end of the connecting section 241, or setting the orthographic projection of the first sub-lead section 2421 on the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210 to fall within the range of the orthographic projection of the connecting section 241 on the back surface P2 of the solar cell 210, can improve the flexibility of setting the first sub-lead section 2421 and meet different needs.

[0129] In some examples, the conductive connection layer 241b includes a first metal layer and a first solder layer, the first solder layer being disposed around the outer side of the first metal layer. The lead-out segment 242 includes a second metal layer and a second solder layer, the second solder layer being disposed around the outer periphery of the second metal layer. The first solder layer and the second solder layer are soldered together.

[0130] For example, the material of the metal layer (including the first metal layer and the second metal layer) may include gold, silver, copper, aluminum, etc., and the material of the first solder layer may include solder. The materials of the first metal layer and the second metal layer may be the same or different. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the materials of the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0131] The material of the soldering layers (including the first soldering layer and the second soldering layer) may include solder. By soldering the first soldering layer and the second soldering layer, the conductive connection layer 241b can be soldered to the first sub-lead 2421 of the lead-out section 242, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the two.

[0132] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: Multiple solar cells are arranged in multiple columns along a first direction and in multiple rows along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction intersect, and both the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the back surface of the solar cells. The welding ribbons are multiple in number, and the welding ribbons are connected in series with multiple solar cells arranged in a row along the second direction. At least two welding ribbons connect two solar cells that are adjacent to each other along the second direction. The at least two welding ribbons are spaced apart along the first direction. The welding ribbons include a first welding ribbon segment, and the first welding ribbon segment is connected to the back surface of the solar cell. A first protective cover plate is disposed on the side of the solar cell where the back surface is located and is connected to the solar cell. The first protective cover plate has a first through hole. The first busbar includes: The connecting section includes an enclosure portion and a contact portion. There are multiple enclosure portions, and each enclosure portion corresponds to a multiple first solder strip segments. The enclosure portion surrounds the first solder strip segments away from the outer periphery of the solar cell, and the enclosure portion is connected to the first solder strip segments. The contact portion is connected between two adjacent enclosure portions, and the contact portion is in contact with the back surface of the solar cell. A lead-out section is disposed on the side of the enclosure portion away from the solar cell and connected to the enclosure portion. At least a portion of the lead-out section extends along the thickness direction of the solar cell and passes through the first through hole.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead-out segment includes: The first sub-lead-out section extends along the first direction and is connected to the enclosure portion; The second sub-lead is connected to the end of the first sub-lead, and the second sub-lead extends along the thickness direction of the solar cell and passes through the first through hole.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the end of the first sub-lead-out segment away from the second sub-lead-out segment is flush with the end of the connecting segment; or, The orthographic projection of the first sub-lead section onto the back surface of the solar cell falls within the range of the orthographic projection of the connecting section onto the back surface of the solar cell.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting segment includes a conductive adhesive layer and a conductive connecting layer, and the conductive connecting layer is connected to the first solder strip segment and the solar cell through the conductive adhesive layer.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the conductive connecting layer ranges from 0.04 mm to 0.1 mm, and the thickness of the conductive adhesive layer ranges from 0.02 mm to 0.08 mm.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conductive connection layer includes a first metal layer and a first welding layer, wherein the first welding layer is disposed around the outer side of the first metal layer; The lead-out section includes a second metal layer and a second welding layer, wherein the second welding layer is disposed around the outer peripheral side of the second metal layer; The first welding layer and the second welding layer are welded together.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple solar cells arranged in a row along the second direction are connected in series via the solder strip to form a solar cell string; The number of rows of solar cells arranged along the second direction is 3n, where 4≤n≤13, and n is a positive integer; The first protective cover includes a first edge and a second edge disposed opposite to each other along the second direction. The first edge is closer to the first busbar than the second edge. The solar cells in the first row to the 3nth row are arranged sequentially along the direction from the first edge to the second edge. The first busbar is located on the side where the back surface of the solar cell in row (n-1), row n, or row n+1 is located.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first busbar includes a first sub-busbar and a second sub-busbar, and the first sub-busbar and the second sub-busbar are spaced apart along the first direction; The photovoltaic module also includes: The first junction box is disposed on the side of the first protective cover away from the solar cell, and the first junction box and the first through hole are correspondingly disposed, and at least a portion of the lead-out section extends into the first junction box; A first diode is disposed in the first junction box. The first end of the first diode is connected to the lead-out section of the first sub-busbar, and the second end of the first diode is connected to the lead-out section of the second sub-busbar.

9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The connecting segment is constructed of a flexible conductive material.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The connecting segment includes conductive tape.

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