Display panel and display device

Abstract

The application relates to a display panel and a display device. The display panel comprises a substrate, a light-emitting layer, a functional layer and a black matrix. The light-emitting layer is located on one side of the substrate and comprises a light-emitting unit. The functional layer is located on the side, away from the substrate, of the light-emitting layer and comprises a first light-transmitting part and a second light-transmitting part. The first light-transmitting part encloses a light-transmitting opening, and the second light-transmitting part is located in the light-transmitting opening. The refractive index of the first light-transmitting part is smaller than that of the second light-transmitting part. The second light-transmitting part comprises a first surface facing the substrate and a second surface located on the side, away from the substrate. The projection of the second surface on the substrate is within the projection of the first surface on the substrate. The projection of the light-emitting unit on the substrate overlaps the first surface or is within the projection of the first surface on the substrate. The black matrix is located on the side, away from the substrate, of the functional layer. The projection of the black matrix on the substrate is outside the projection of the light-emitting unit on the substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display panel and display device. Background Technology

[0002] Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and flat panel displays based on light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are widely used in various consumer electronics products such as mobile phones, televisions, laptops, and desktop computers due to their advantages such as high image quality, energy saving, thin body and wide range of applications, becoming the mainstream of display devices.

[0003] However, the performance of current OLED display products needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a display panel and display device, which aim to reduce the large-angle light emission of the display panel.

[0005] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a display panel, including a substrate, a light-emitting layer, a functional layer, and a black matrix. The light-emitting layer is located on one side of the substrate and includes light-emitting units. The functional layer is located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate and includes a first light-transmitting portion and a second light-transmitting portion. The first light-transmitting portion forms a light-transmitting opening, and the second light-transmitting portion is located within the light-transmitting opening. The refractive index of the first light-transmitting portion is less than the refractive index of the second light-transmitting portion. The second light-transmitting portion includes a first surface facing the substrate and a second surface located on the side away from the substrate. The orthographic projection of the second surface onto the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the first surface onto the substrate. The orthographic projection of the light-emitting units onto the substrate overlaps with or is located within the orthographic projection of the first surface onto the substrate. The black matrix is ​​located on the side of the functional layer away from the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the black matrix onto the substrate is outside the orthographic projection of the light-emitting units onto the substrate.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit on the substrate overlaps with the second surface or is located within the orthographic projection of the second surface on the substrate.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the shape of the orthographic projection of the first surface onto the substrate is the same as the shape of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit onto the substrate.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the shape of the second surface projected onto the substrate is the same as the shape of the light-emitting unit projected onto the substrate.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the second light-transmitting portion further includes a side surface connecting the first surface and the second surface, and the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting unit onto the substrate is located outside the orthogonal projection of the side surface onto the substrate.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the included angle between the side surface and the first surface is 30°-45°.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the black matrix extends along the first direction, and the orthographic projection of at least two adjacent light-emitting units in the second direction overlaps with the same black matrix. The first direction, the second direction, and the thickness direction of the display panel are arranged to intersect each other.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, a plurality of black matrices are spaced apart along a second direction.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the light-emitting unit includes a first light-emitting unit and a second light-emitting unit. The area of ​​the first light-emitting unit projected onto the substrate is not equal to the area of ​​the second light-emitting unit projected onto the substrate. The black matrix includes a first light-shielding part, a second light-shielding part, and a connecting part. Both the first light-shielding part and the second light-shielding part extend along a second direction. The projected image of the first light-shielding part onto the substrate is located on one side of the projected image of the first light-emitting unit onto the substrate in a first direction. The projected image of the second light-shielding part onto the substrate is located on one side of the projected image of the second light-emitting unit onto the substrate in a first direction. The connecting part connects the first light-shielding part and the second light-shielding part. The first direction, the second direction, and the thickness direction of the display panel are arranged to intersect each other.

[0014] According to the first aspect of the present application, the first light-shielding part and the second light-shielding part are alternately spaced along the second direction, and adjacent first light-shielding parts and second light-shielding parts are connected by a connecting part.

[0015] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the extending direction of the connecting portion intersects both the first direction and the second direction.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the orthographic projection of the connecting portion in the first direction does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting unit in the first direction, and the orthographic projection of the connecting portion in the first direction does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the second light-emitting unit in the first direction.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, it further includes: a filter layer located on the side of the black matrix facing away from the substrate, the filter layer including a filter portion, and the second light-transmitting portion overlapping the filter portion in the orthogonal projection of the substrate or located within the orthogonal projection of the filter portion on the substrate.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, it further includes: a second functional layer located on the side of the functional layer opposite to the substrate, the second functional layer including a third light-transmitting portion, the orthographic projection of the second light-transmitting portion on the substrate being located within the orthographic projection of the third light-transmitting portion on the substrate, and the material of the third light-transmitting portion being the same as the material of the first light-transmitting portion.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the orthographic projection of the first light-transmitting portion onto the substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the third light-transmitting portion onto the substrate.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, it further includes: an encapsulation layer located between the light-emitting layer and the functional layer.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the encapsulation layer includes a first encapsulation layer, and the material of the first encapsulation layer includes an inorganic material.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the encapsulation layer further includes a second encapsulation layer located on the side of the first encapsulation layer opposite to the substrate, and the material of the second encapsulation layer includes an organic material.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the encapsulation layer further includes a third encapsulation layer located on the side of the second encapsulation layer opposite to the substrate, and the material of the third encapsulation layer includes an inorganic material.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the first encapsulation layer and the third encapsulation layer are made of the same material.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the materials of the first light-transmitting portion and the second light-transmitting portion include negative optical adhesive.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the thickness of the functional layer is greater than or equal to 4 μm.

[0027] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the refractive index of the first light-transmitting part is 1.2-1.3, and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting part is 1.6-1.8.

[0028] The second aspect of this application also provides a display device, including the display panel provided in any of the first aspect embodiments described above.

[0029] The display panel provided in this application embodiment has a functional layer disposed on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate. The functional layer includes a second light-transmitting portion, and the projection of the light-emitting unit onto the substrate overlaps with or is located within the projection of the first surface of the second light-transmitting portion onto the substrate. This allows the second light-transmitting portion to cover the light-emitting unit, and the light emitted by the light-emitting unit must pass through the second light-transmitting portion before being emitted. By having the first light-transmitting portion surround the second light-transmitting portion, and the projection of the second surface of the second light-transmitting portion is within the projection of the first surface, the cross-sectional shape of the second light-transmitting portion is a trapezoid, and the interface between the second light-transmitting portion and the first light-transmitting portion is the inclined surface of this trapezoid. Large-angle light emitted by the light-emitting unit will be refracted when passing through the interface between the second light-transmitting portion and the first light-transmitting portion. By making the refractive index of the second light-transmitting part greater than that of the first light-transmitting part, large-angle light emitted by the light-emitting unit is refracted when passing through the interface between the second and first light-transmitting parts, and the angle of refraction is greater than the angle of incidence. The angle between the refracted light and the thickness direction of the display panel becomes smaller, reducing large-angle light emission from the display panel while increasing the front light emission rate, thereby improving the display brightness and performance. Furthermore, by setting a black matrix on the outer side of the functional layer, with the projection of the black matrix onto the substrate outside the projection of the light-emitting unit onto the substrate, light that still has a large angle after refraction by the functional layer is absorbed by the black matrix, further reducing large-angle light emission from the display panel. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a top view of a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 An example is shown. Figure 1 The display panel is shown in a cross-sectional view from the AA perspective.

[0033] Figure 3 Another example is shown Figure 1 The display panel is shown in a cross-sectional view from the AA perspective.

[0034] Figure 4 This shows yet another example. Figure 1 The display panel is shown in a cross-sectional view from the AA perspective.

[0035] Figure 5 Another example is shown. Figure 1The display panel is shown in a cross-sectional view from the AA perspective.

[0036] Figure 6 An example is shown. Figure 1 A magnified view of position B in the image.

[0037] Figure 7 Another example is shown Figure 1 A magnified view of position B in the image.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 10. Display panel;

[0040] 100. Substrate;

[0041] 200, Light-emitting layer; 210, Light-emitting unit; 211, First light-emitting unit; 212, Second light-emitting unit; 213, Third light-emitting unit;

[0042] 300, Functional layer; 310, First light-transmitting part; 311, Light-transmitting opening; 320, Second light-transmitting part; 321, First surface; 322, Second surface; 323, Side surface; 330, Second functional layer; 331, Third light-transmitting part;

[0043] 400, Black matrix; 410, First light-shielding part; 420, Second light-shielding part; 430, Connecting part; 440, Third light-shielding part;

[0044] 500, Encapsulation layer;

[0045] 600, Pixel definition layer; 610, Pixel limiting section; 620, Pixel opening;

[0046] 700, First electrode layer; 710, First electrode;

[0047] 800, Second electrode layer; 810, Second electrode;

[0048] 900, Filter layer; 910, Filter section;

[0049] AA, Display area; NA, Non-display area;

[0050] x, first direction; y, second direction; z, thickness direction. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0052] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "second", "first", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0053] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0054] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0055] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher height than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower height than the second feature.

[0056] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "first," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0057] To better understand this application, the following will be combined with... Figures 1 to 7 The display panel and display device according to embodiments of this application will be described in detail. In the accompanying drawings, the x-direction is a first direction, the y-direction is a second direction, and the z-direction is the thickness direction of the display panel. For ease of drawing, the dimensions in the drawings are not necessarily proportional to actual dimensions.

[0058] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a top view of a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 An example is shown. Figure 1 The display panel is shown in a cross-sectional view from the AA perspective.

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a display panel 10, including a substrate 100, a light-emitting layer 200, a functional layer 300, and a black matrix 400. The light-emitting layer 200 is located on one side of the substrate 100 and includes light-emitting units 210. The functional layer 300 is located on the side of the light-emitting layer 200 away from the substrate 100. The functional layer 300 includes a first light-transmitting portion 310 and a second light-transmitting portion 320. The first light-transmitting portion 310 forms a light-transmitting opening 311, and the second light-transmitting portion 320 is located within the light-transmitting opening 311. The refractive index of the first light-transmitting portion 310 is less than the refractive index of the second light-transmitting portion 320. The second light-transmitting portion 320 includes a first surface 321 facing the substrate 100 and a second surface 322 located on the side facing away from the substrate 100. The orthographic projection of the second surface 322 onto the substrate 100 lies within the orthographic projection of the first surface 321 onto the substrate 100. The orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit 210 onto the substrate 100 overlaps with or lies within the orthographic projection of the first surface 321 onto the substrate 100. The black matrix 400 is located on the side of the functional layer 300 facing away from the substrate 100. The orthographic projection of the black matrix 400 onto the substrate 100 lies outside the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit 210 onto the substrate 100.

[0060] Optionally, the substrate 100 can be configured in various ways. The substrate 100 may include a substrate and a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, and a third conductive layer stacked on one side of the substrate. An insulating layer is disposed between adjacent conductive layers. Optionally, a driving device layer is disposed on the substrate, and a pixel driving circuit is disposed within the driving device layer. The pixel driving circuit includes a transistor and a storage capacitor. The transistor includes a semiconductor, a gate, a source, and a drain. The storage capacitor includes a first electrode and a second electrode. As an example, the gate and the first electrode may be located on the first conductive layer, the second electrode may be located on the second conductive layer, and the source and drain may be located on the third conductive layer.

[0061] Optionally, the display panel 10 includes a display area AA and a non-display area NA that at least partially surrounds the display area AA, with the light-emitting unit 210 located in the display area AA. This embodiment is illustrated by assuming that the non-display area NA completely surrounds the display area AA.

[0062] Optionally, the material of Black Matrix 400 includes black ink, which can absorb light.

[0063] In this configuration, the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit 210 onto the substrate 100 overlaps with or lies within the orthographic projection of the first surface 321 onto the substrate 100. This indicates that the second light-transmitting portion 320 covers the light-emitting unit 210, and the light emitted outward from the light-emitting unit 210 passes through the second light-transmitting portion 320. The orthographic projection of the second surface 322 onto the substrate 100 lies within the orthographic projection of the first surface 321 onto the substrate 100, and the second surface 322 is essentially the upper surface of the second light-transmitting portion 320. This indicates that the cross-sectional shape of the second light-transmitting portion 320 is a trapezoid, and the inclined surface of the trapezoid is the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 310 and the second light-transmitting portion 320. A portion of the small-angle light emitted by the light-emitting unit 210 passes through the second light-transmitting portion 320 and exits from the second surface 322, while the large-angle light passes through the second light-transmitting portion 320 and exits from the interface between the first light-transmitting portion 310 and the second light-transmitting portion 320. Because the refractive index of the second light-transmitting part 320 is greater than that of the first light-transmitting part 310, light will be refracted when passing through the interface, and the angle of incidence is smaller than the angle of refraction, and the light rays will not travel along the normal. Since the cross-sectional shape of the second light-transmitting part 320 is a trapezoid, the angle between the refracted light rays and the thickness direction (z direction in the figure) of the display panel 10 is reduced, realizing the light-gathering function of the functional layer 300, reducing the large-angle light emission of the display panel 10, and improving the front light emission of the display panel 10.

[0064] In addition, a black matrix 400 is provided on the side of the functional layer 300 away from the substrate 100. The black matrix 400 does not overlap with the light-emitting unit 210, so it does not affect the small-angle light emission from the front of the light-emitting unit 210, and can absorb the light that is still at a large angle after being converged by the functional layer 300, further reducing the large-angle light emission of the display panel 10.

[0065] When the display panel 10 is used in applications such as automotive displays, the functional layer 300 and the black matrix 400 work together to reduce the large-angle light emission of the display panel 10, reducing the light emitted by the display panel 10 towards the windshield and side windows, thereby reducing reflections from the windshield and side windows and improving safety. Furthermore, because the black matrix 400 is located outside the functional layer 300, light is first converged by the functional layer 300 before being emitted, increasing the front light emission rate and reducing the impact of the black matrix 400 on the brightness of the display panel 10. Compared to solutions with the black matrix 400 on the inside and privacy film solutions, this solution is effective in suppressing large-angle light emission while providing significantly better front brightness.

[0066] The display panel 10 provided in this application has a functional layer 300 disposed on the side of the light-emitting layer 200 away from the substrate 100. The functional layer 300 includes a second light-transmitting portion 320, and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit 210 on the substrate 100 overlaps with or is located within the orthographic projection of the first surface 321 of the second light-transmitting portion 320 on the substrate 100, so that the second light-transmitting portion 320 covers the light-emitting unit 210, and the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 210 must pass through the second light-transmitting portion 320 before being emitted. By making the first light-transmitting portion 310 surround the second light-transmitting portion 320, and the orthographic projection of the second surface 322 of the second light-transmitting portion 320 is within the orthographic projection of the first surface 321, the cross-sectional shape of the second light-transmitting portion 320 is a trapezoid, and the interface between the second light-transmitting portion 320 and the first light-transmitting portion 310 is the inclined surface of this trapezoid. The large-angle light emitted by the light-emitting unit 210 will be refracted when passing through the interface between the second light-transmitting portion 320 and the first light-transmitting portion 310. By making the refractive index of the second light-transmitting portion 320 greater than that of the first light-transmitting portion 310, large-angle light emitted by the light-emitting unit 210 is refracted when passing through the interface between the second light-transmitting portion 320 and the first light-transmitting portion 310, and the angle of refraction is greater than the angle of incidence. The angle between the refracted light and the thickness direction z of the display panel 10 becomes smaller, reducing the large-angle light emission of the display panel 10 while increasing the front light emission rate of the display panel 10, thereby improving the display brightness and performance of the display panel 10. By setting a black matrix 400 on the outer side of the functional layer 300, and the orthographic projection of the black matrix 400 on the substrate 100 being outside the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit 210 on the substrate 100, light that still has a large angle after refraction by the functional layer 300 will be absorbed by the black matrix 400, further reducing the large-angle light emission of the display panel 10.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , Figure 3 Another example is shown Figure 1 The display panel is shown in a cross-sectional view from the AA perspective.

[0068] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the light-emitting unit 210 is projected onto the substrate 100 in a way that overlaps with or is located within the projection of the second surface 322 onto the substrate 100.

[0069] Optionally, the shape of the first surface 321 projected onto the substrate 100 is the same as the shape of the light-emitting unit 210 projected onto the substrate 100.

[0070] Optionally, the shape of the orthographic projection of the second surface 322 onto the substrate 100 is the same as the shape of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit 210 onto the substrate 100. The shape of the orthographic projection of the second surface 322 onto the substrate 100 is the same as the shape of the orthographic projection of the first surface 321 onto the substrate 100. For example, when the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit 210 onto the substrate 100 is a rectangle with rounded corners, the shapes of the orthographic projections of the first surface 321 and the second surface 322 onto the substrate 100 are both rectangles with rounded corners.

[0071] Optionally, the second light-transmitting portion 320 further includes a side surface 323 connecting the first surface 321 and the second surface 322, and the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit 210 on the substrate 100 is located outside the orthographic projection of the side surface 323 on the substrate 100.

[0072] Optionally, the angle between the side surface 323 and the first surface 321 (the dimension θ in the figure) is 30°-45°.

[0073] Optionally, the thickness of the functional layer 300 is greater than or equal to 4 μm, the refractive index of the first light-transmitting part 310 is 1.2-1.3, and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting part 320 is 1.6-1.8, so as to better realize the light-gathering function of the functional layer 300.

[0074] The display panel 10 provided in this application increases the coverage of the second light-transmitting portion 320 by making the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting unit 210 on the substrate 100 overlap with or be located within the orthogonal projection of the second surface 322 on the substrate 100. This allows the second surface 322 to cover the light-emitting unit 210, and the front light emitted by the light-emitting unit 210, which is parallel to the thickness direction z, is emitted from the second surface 322 after passing through the second light-transmitting portion 320. This reduces the optical path length of the front light emission, further increases the light emission rate of the front side of the display panel 10, and thus increases the brightness of the front side of the display panel 10.

[0075] In some alternative embodiments, the materials of the first light-transmitting portion 310 and the second light-transmitting portion 320 include negative photoresist.

[0076] It should be noted that positive photoresists are typically composed of linear polymers, photosensitizers, and solvents. After exposure, the photosensitizer undergoes a photochemical reaction, altering the polymer's solubility and making it more soluble in the developer. In the exposed areas of the positive photoresist, the photosensitizer undergoes a photodecomposition reaction, increasing the polymer's solubility and causing it to dissolve and be removed in the developer. The photoresist in the unexposed areas remains, forming a pattern identical to the photomask. In contrast, negative photoresists are generally composed of polymers, photosensitizers, and solvents. After exposure, the photosensitizer undergoes a cross-linking reaction, making the photoresist less soluble in the developer. The unexposed areas are dissolved and removed by the developer, thus forming a pattern on the photoresist that is the opposite of the photomask. Due to these characteristics of negative photoresists, a "bottom-cut" phenomenon may occur during the fabrication process, meaning the bottom of the photoresist pattern is wider than the top. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first light-transmitting portion 310 is first prepared, and then an inverted trapezoidal cross-section naturally appears after the first light-transmitting portion 310 is exposed and developed. Then, the second light-transmitting portion 320 is filled into the dissolved light-transmitting opening 311. Compared with positive photoresist, the process adopted in this embodiment has significantly fewer steps and lower cost. It is also relatively insensitive to changes in process parameters such as exposure dose and development time, has greater process tolerance, and is easier to operate and control.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , Figure 4 This shows yet another example. Figure 1 The display panel is shown in a cross-sectional view from the AA perspective.

[0078] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the display panel 10 may further include a second functional layer 330, the second functional layer 330 including a third light-transmitting portion 331, the orthographic projection of the second light-transmitting portion 320 on the substrate 100 is located within the orthographic projection of the third light-transmitting portion 331 on the substrate 100, and the material of the third light-transmitting portion 331 is the same as the material of the first light-transmitting portion 310.

[0079] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the first light-transmitting portion 310 onto the substrate 100 is located within the orthographic projection of the third light-transmitting portion 331 onto the substrate 100, that is, the third light-transmitting portion 331 completely covers the functional layer 300.

[0080] Optionally, the thickness of the second functional layer 330 is much smaller than the thickness of the functional layer 300.

[0081] Based on the aforementioned fabrication sequence of the functional layer 300, since the first light-transmitting portion 310 is fabricated first, followed by the second light-transmitting portion 320, it can be understood that the second functional layer 330 is the portion of the photoresist material of the second light-transmitting portion 320 that has diffused beyond the light-transmitting opening 311 due to excessive evaporation, and it also covers the first light-transmitting portion 310. However, the material of the second functional layer 330 is the same as that of the second light-transmitting portion 320, so the small-angle light emitted from the light-emitting unit 210 will not be refracted when passing through the second light-transmitting portion 320 and the second functional layer 330, thus preventing the light path from becoming longer. Even though large-angle light converges at the side surface 323 and undergoes secondary refraction on the upper surface of the first light-transmitting portion 310, firstly, the second functional layer 330 is very thin, resulting in a small refraction angle. Secondly, even if the light diffuses, it can be absorbed by the black matrix 400, and large-angle light emission will still not occur.

[0082] In comparison, if the second light-transmitting part 320 is fabricated first and then the first light-transmitting part 310, the fabrication process becomes more complex. If a negative photoresist is still used, the trapezoidal shape of the second light-transmitting part 320 needs to be etched and modified again after molding, further complicating the process. Using a positive photoresist is inherently more expensive than using a negative photoresist, and its process tolerance is smaller, making it more difficult to operate and control. Furthermore, if the raw material of the subsequently fabricated first light-transmitting part 310 excessively covers the surface of the second light-transmitting part 320, the small-angle light emitted from the front of the light-emitting unit 210 will be refracted and diffused on the upper surface of the second light-transmitting part 320, thus increasing the large-angle light emission of the display panel 10 and weakening the front light emission. Therefore, the excess photoresist needs to be removed, adding an extra step.

[0083] The display panel 10 provided in this application uses negative photoresist for both the first light-transmitting portion 310 and the second light-transmitting portion 320, and prepares the first light-transmitting portion 310 first and then the second light-transmitting portion 320. The first light-transmitting portion 310 can be directly formed into an inverted trapezoid, reducing the number of preparation steps. Even if the material of the second light-transmitting portion 320 is excessive and forms the second functional layer 330, the second functional layer 330 will not conflict with the functional layer 300, and no additional removal process is required. This reduces the overall process difficulty, has a large process tolerance, and is easy to operate and control.

[0084] In some alternative embodiments, the display panel 10 further includes an encapsulation layer 500 located between the light-emitting layer 200 and the functional layer 300.

[0085] Optionally, the encapsulation layer 500 includes a first encapsulation layer, the material of which includes inorganic materials, i.e., the first encapsulation layer is an inorganic encapsulation layer. The inorganic encapsulation layer can be prepared by chemical vapor deposition, which can improve the density of the first encapsulation layer and thus improve the encapsulation effect.

[0086] Optionally, the encapsulation layer 500 further includes a second encapsulation layer located on the side of the first encapsulation layer opposite to the substrate 100. The material of the second encapsulation layer includes an organic material. That is, the second encapsulation layer is an organic encapsulation layer, which can be prepared by inkjet printing, allowing the encapsulation layer to have a suitable thickness.

[0087] Optionally, the encapsulation layer 500 may also include a third encapsulation layer located on the side of the second encapsulation layer opposite to the substrate 100, and the material of the third encapsulation layer may include inorganic materials. That is, the third encapsulation layer is an inorganic encapsulation layer, and adding an inorganic encapsulation layer outside the organic encapsulation layer can further improve the encapsulation effect.

[0088] Optionally, the first encapsulation layer and the third encapsulation layer are made of the same material. This allows the first and third encapsulation layers to be fabricated using the same equipment, simplifying the fabrication process of the display panel 10.

[0089] In some optional embodiments, the display panel 10 further includes a pixel definition layer 600, which includes a pixel defining portion 610 and a pixel opening 620 formed by the pixel defining portion 610, with at least a portion of the light-emitting units 210 located within the pixel opening 620.

[0090] Optionally, the display panel 10 further includes a first electrode layer 700 and a second electrode layer 800. The first electrode layer 700 includes a first electrode 710 located on the side of the light-emitting unit 210 facing the substrate 100, and the second electrode layer 800 includes a second electrode 810 located on the side of the light-emitting unit 210 away from the substrate 100. The functional layer 300 is located on the side of the second electrode 710 away from the substrate 100. Both the first electrode 710 and the second electrode 810 are electrically connected to the light-emitting unit 210. The second electrode 810 and the first electrode 710 provide power to the light-emitting unit 210, driving the light-emitting unit 210 to emit light. Specifically, one of the second electrode 810 and the first electrode 710 is an anode, and the other is a cathode. In this embodiment, the second electrode 810 is used as the cathode and the first electrode 710 is used as the anode for illustration.

[0091] In some alternative embodiments, the display panel 10 further includes a touch layer (not shown) located on the side of the encapsulation layer 500 opposite to the substrate 100.

[0092] Optionally, both the functional layer 300 and the black matrix 400 are located on the side of the touch layer away from the substrate 100.

[0093] Optionally, both the functional layer 300 and the black matrix 400 are located between the touch layer and the encapsulation layer 500.

[0094] Optionally, the touch layer includes first touch electrodes spaced apart along a first direction and second touch electrodes spaced apart along a second direction. Adjacent first touch electrodes are electrically connected via a first connecting portion, and adjacent second touch electrodes are electrically connected via a second connecting portion. The first touch electrodes, second touch electrodes, and first connecting portions are located on the same layer, while the second connecting portions are located on another layer, with an insulating layer separating the two layers. The first direction, second direction, and thickness direction z intersect each other in pairs.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 , Figure 5 Another example is shown. Figure 1 The display panel is shown in a cross-sectional view from the AA perspective.

[0096] like Figure 1 and 5 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the display panel 10 further includes a light filter layer 900, which is located on the side of the black matrix 400 away from the substrate 100. The light filter layer 900 includes a light filter portion 910, and the second light-transmitting portion 320 overlaps with the light filter portion 910 or is located within the light filter portion 910 in the orthogonal projection of the substrate 100.

[0097] Optionally, the light-emitting unit 210 may include three sub-light-emitting units that emit red, green, and blue light, each with a corresponding light-emitting material. The projection of the light-emitting unit 210 onto the substrate 100 overlaps with or is located within the projection of the filter section 910 onto the substrate 100; that is, multiple filter sections 910 are respectively and correspondingly arranged with multiple light-emitting units 210. The filter section 910 is used to filter out other colors of light, ensuring that only the desired color of light passes through. For example, the filter section 910 above the red-emitting unit 210 only allows red light to pass through, the filter section 910 above the green-emitting unit 210 only allows green light to pass through, and the filter section 910 above the blue-emitting unit 210 only allows blue light to pass through. Thus, when current passes through the corresponding light-emitting unit 210, each sub-pixel will only emit light of a specific color, thereby forming a color image.

[0098] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the filter section 910 onto the substrate 100 is located outside the orthographic projection of the black matrix 400 onto the substrate 100.

[0099] The display panel 10 provided in this application significantly reduces its thickness by replacing the polarizer with a light filter layer 900. By positioning the light filter layer 900 on the side of the black matrix 400 away from the substrate 100, and ensuring that the orthographic projection of the second light-transmitting portion 320 on the substrate 100 overlaps with or is located within the orthographic projection of the light filter portion 910 on the substrate 100, most of the light that has passed through the functional layer 300 and the black matrix 400 is small-angle light when passing through the light filter layer 900, and is emitted directly through the light filter portion 910. By positioning the orthographic projection of the filter 910 onto the substrate 100 outside the orthographic projection of the black matrix 400 onto the substrate 100, the black matrix 400 also serves to prevent light leakage from the display module and reduce the reflectivity of the display module. Therefore, there is no need to set a black matrix around the filter 910; it is sufficient to fill the area around the filter 910 with ordinary optical adhesive. This reduces the fabrication process of the filter layer 900, and the filter layer 900 does not require an additional black matrix. This reduces the impact of the black matrix within the filter layer 900 on the light emission rate of the display panel 10 and improves the brightness of the display panel 10.

[0100] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 , Figure 6 An example is shown. Figure 1 A magnified view of position B in the image.

[0101] like Figure 1 and 5 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the black matrix 400 extends along a first direction (x direction in the figure), and at least two adjacent light-emitting units 210 overlap with the same black matrix in a second direction (y direction in the figure). The first direction x, the second direction y, and the thickness direction z are arranged to intersect each other.

[0102] Optionally, multiple black matrices 400 are spaced apart along the second direction y.

[0103] In this embodiment, the first direction x can be understood as the up-down direction, and the second direction y can be understood as the left-right direction. The black matrix 400 extends only along the first direction x, and multiple black matrices 400 are spaced apart along the second direction y. That is, the orthographic projection of the black matrix 400 onto the substrate 100 is located on both sides of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit 210 onto the substrate 100 in the second direction y. The light-emitting unit 210 does not have black matrices 400 on both sides of the first direction x, so that the large-angle light emitted by the light-emitting unit 210 is only absorbed by the black matrix 400 on both sides of the second direction y, and is not absorbed on both sides of the first direction x. This further reduces the large-angle light emission of the display panel 10 in the left-right direction, fulfilling the requirement that the display panel 10 has inconsistent viewing angles in the left-right and up-down directions. For example, when the display panel 10 is applied to an automotive display screen, and this display screen is an instrument panel display screen, it is close to the side windshield and far from the windshield, or there are other obstructions between it and the windshield. In this case, the driver needs to look slightly downwards to observe the instrument panel. Therefore, the display panel 10 needs to have different viewing angles in the left and right directions and the up and down directions. The viewing angle in the up and down direction is slightly higher than that in the left and right directions. This satisfies the driver's need to observe the instrument panel, while also specifically limiting the large-angle light output of the display panel 10 in the left and right directions, further reducing the reflection of the display panel 10 by the side windshield.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 7 , Figure 7 Another example is shown Figure 1 A magnified view of position B in the image.

[0105] like Figure 1 and 7 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the light-emitting unit 210 includes a first light-emitting unit 211 and a second light-emitting unit 212. The area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting unit 211 onto the substrate 100 is not equal to the area of ​​the second light-emitting unit 212 onto the substrate 100. The black matrix 400 includes a first light-shielding part 410, a second light-shielding part 420, and a connecting part 430. The orthographic projection of the first light-shielding part 410 onto the substrate 100 is located on the side of the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting unit 211 onto the substrate 100 in the first direction x. The orthographic projection of the second light-shielding part 420 onto the substrate 100 is located on the side of the orthographic projection of the second light-emitting unit 212 onto the substrate 100 in the first direction x. The connecting part 430 connects the first light-shielding part 410 and the second light-shielding part 420.

[0106] Optionally, since the first light-emitting unit 211 and the second light-emitting unit 212 are alternately spaced along the second direction y, the first light-shielding part 410 and the second light-shielding part 420 are also spaced along the second direction y, and adjacent first light-shielding parts 410 and second light-shielding parts 420 are connected by connecting parts 430.

[0107] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the connecting portion 430 in the first direction x does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting unit 211 in the first direction x, and the orthographic projection of the connecting portion 430 in the first direction x does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the second light-emitting unit 212 in the first direction x.

[0108] Optionally, since the area of ​​the first light-emitting unit 211 projected onto the substrate 100 is not equal to the area of ​​the second light-emitting unit 212 projected onto the substrate 100, the first light-shielding portion 410 located on the side of the first light-emitting unit 211 in the first direction x and the second light-shielding portion 420 located on the side of the second light-emitting unit 212 in the second direction y are misaligned. This results in the extension direction of the connecting portion 430 intersecting both the first direction x and the second direction y, and the top view shape of the first light-shielding portion 410, the second light-shielding portion 420, and the connecting portion 430 is wavy.

[0109] Optionally, the light-emitting unit 210 further includes a third light-emitting unit 213. The area of ​​the orthographic projection of the third light-emitting unit 213 onto the substrate 100 is not equal to the area of ​​the first light-emitting unit 211 or the area of ​​the second light-emitting unit 212, and the third light-emitting unit 213 is located on one side of the second light-emitting unit 212 in the first direction x. The first light-emitting unit 211 emits blue light, the second light-emitting unit 212 emits green light, and the third light-emitting unit 213 emits red light. The black matrix 400 also includes a third light-shielding part 440, the orthographic projection of which onto the substrate 100 is located between the orthographic projections of the second light-emitting unit 212 and the third light-emitting unit 213 onto the substrate 100.

[0110] In this configuration, the black matrix 400 is projected onto the substrate 100 on both sides of the projection of the light-emitting unit 210 onto the substrate 100 in the first direction x. The light-emitting unit 210 does not have the black matrix 400 on either side of the second direction y. This ensures that the large-angle light emitted by the light-emitting unit 210 is absorbed by the black matrix 400 only on the first direction x, and not on the second direction y. This further reduces the large-angle light emission of the display panel 10 in the vertical direction, fulfilling the requirement that the display panel 10 has inconsistent viewing angles in the left-right and vertical directions. For example, when the display panel 10 is used in a vehicle display, and this display is a center console display or a passenger-side entertainment screen, it is close to the windshield. In this case, the display does not need to consider the vertical viewing angle; instead, it needs to consider the reflection of the windshield onto the display, which affects driving safety. Therefore, the display panel 10 needs to have different viewing angles in the left and right directions and the up and down directions. The viewing angle in the up and down direction is slightly lower than that in the left and right directions. This satisfies the viewing needs of the passenger in the front seat, while also specifically limiting the large angle of light emitted by the display panel 10 in the up and down directions, further reducing the reflection of the display panel 10 by the windshield.

[0111] The second aspect of this application also provides a display device including the display panel 10 of any of the first aspect embodiments described above. Since the display device provided in the second aspect of this application includes the display panel 10 of any of the above embodiments, it possesses the beneficial effects of the display panel 10 of any of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0112] The display devices in this application include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablet computers, e-books, televisions, access control systems, smart landline phones, control consoles, and other devices with display functions.

[0113] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0114] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, include: substrate; A light-emitting layer is located on one side of the substrate, and the light-emitting layer includes light-emitting units; A functional layer is located on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate. The functional layer includes a first light-transmitting portion and a second light-transmitting portion. The first light-transmitting portion forms a light-transmitting opening, and the second light-transmitting portion is located within the light-transmitting opening. The refractive index of the first light-transmitting portion is less than the refractive index of the second light-transmitting portion. The second light-transmitting portion includes a first surface facing the substrate and a second surface located on the side away from the substrate. The orthographic projection of the second surface on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first surface on the substrate. The light-emitting unit overlaps with the first surface or is located within the orthographic projection of the first surface on the substrate in the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit on the substrate. The black matrix is ​​located on the side of the functional layer opposite to the substrate, and the orthogonal projection of the black matrix onto the substrate is outside the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting unit onto the substrate.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting unit is located in the orthographic projection of the substrate onto the second surface or within the orthographic projection of the second surface onto the substrate. Preferably, the shape of the first surface projected onto the substrate is the same as the shape of the light-emitting unit projected onto the substrate; Preferably, the shape of the second surface projected onto the substrate is the same as the shape of the light-emitting unit projected onto the substrate.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second light-transmitting portion further includes a side surface connecting the first surface and the second surface, wherein the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit on the substrate is located outside the orthographic projection of the side surface on the substrate; Preferably, the angle between the side surface and the first surface is 30°-45°.

4. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The black matrix extends along the first direction, and the orthographic projection of at least two adjacent light-emitting units in the second direction overlaps with the same black matrix. The first direction, the second direction, and the thickness direction of the display panel are arranged to intersect each other. Preferably, the plurality of black matrices are spaced apart along the second direction.

5. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting unit includes a first light-emitting unit and a second light-emitting unit, wherein the area of ​​the first light-emitting unit projected onto the substrate is not equal to the area of ​​the second light-emitting unit projected onto the substrate. The black matrix includes a first light-shielding part, a second light-shielding part, and a connecting part. The first light-shielding part and the second light-shielding part both extend along a second direction. The orthographic projection of the first light-shielding part on the substrate is located on one side of the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting unit on the substrate in the first direction. The orthographic projection of the second light-shielding part on the substrate is located on one side of the orthographic projection of the second light-emitting unit on the substrate in the first direction. The connecting part connects the first light-shielding part and the second light-shielding part. The first direction, the second direction, and the thickness direction of the display panel are arranged to intersect each other. Preferably, the first light-shielding part and the second light-shielding part are alternately spaced along the second direction, and adjacent first light-shielding parts and second light-shielding parts are connected by the connecting part; Preferably, the extending direction of the connecting portion intersects both the first direction and the second direction; Preferably, the orthographic projection of the connecting portion in the first direction does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting unit in the first direction, and the orthographic projection of the connecting portion in the first direction does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the second light-emitting unit in the first direction.

6. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A filter layer is located on the side of the black matrix facing away from the substrate. The filter layer includes a filter portion, and the second light-transmitting portion overlaps with the filter portion or is located within the filter portion in the orthogonal projection of the substrate.

7. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second functional layer is located on the side of the functional layer opposite to the substrate. The second functional layer includes a third light-transmitting portion. The orthographic projection of the second light-transmitting portion on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the third light-transmitting portion on the substrate. The material of the third light-transmitting portion is the same as the material of the first light-transmitting portion. Preferably, the orthographic projection of the first light-transmitting portion onto the substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the third light-transmitting portion onto the substrate.

8. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An encapsulation layer is located between the light-emitting layer and the functional layer; Preferably, the encapsulation layer includes a first encapsulation layer, and the material of the first encapsulation layer includes an inorganic material; Preferably, the encapsulation layer further includes a second encapsulation layer located on the side of the first encapsulation layer opposite to the substrate, and the material of the second encapsulation layer includes an organic material; Optionally, the encapsulation layer further includes a third encapsulation layer located on the side of the second encapsulation layer opposite to the substrate, wherein the material of the third encapsulation layer includes inorganic materials; Optionally, the first encapsulation layer and the third encapsulation layer are made of the same material.

9. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The materials of the first light-transmitting part and the second light-transmitting part include negative optical adhesive; Preferably, the thickness of the functional layer is greater than or equal to 4 μm; Preferably, the refractive index of the first light-transmitting part is 1.2-1.3, and the refractive index of the second light-transmitting part is 1.6-1.

8.

10. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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