Display panel and display device

Abstract

The application provides a display panel and a display device; the display panel comprises a substrate, a light-emitting layer, a first light-shielding pattern, a first refractive index layer and a second refractive index layer; the light-emitting layer comprises a non-anti-peep unit and an anti-peep unit; the first light-shielding pattern is provided with a first opening corresponding to the anti-peep unit; the first refractive index layer is provided with a light-adjusting opening corresponding to the anti-peep unit; the second refractive index layer fills the light-adjusting opening; and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than that of the first refractive index layer; the application forms the light-adjusting opening corresponding to the anti-peep unit on the first refractive index layer, and the second refractive index layer fills the light-adjusting opening; the light in the anti-peep unit is reflected on the sidewall of the light-adjusting opening, so that the large-angle light in the anti-peep unit converges to a small angle, the light output of the anti-peep unit at a small angle is improved, and the technical problem of low light output efficiency of the display panel in an anti-peep mode is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display panel and display device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, some customers of OLED display panels have raised privacy concerns, meaning they want a clear and bright display when viewed from a direct angle, but for others to see the content from other angles. The mainstream solution is to use privacy screen protectors (passive privacy protection). However, privacy screen protectors themselves introduce numerous display problems, such as reduced brightness, changes in color and contrast, etc., affecting the user experience. Therefore, active privacy protection products that can switch between privacy and normal display modes at any time are more attractive to consumers.

[0003] Currently, active privacy protection products have added multiple light-blocking layers to control the viewing angle range, making the light emission angle of the privacy sub-pixel smaller than that of the non-privacy sub-pixel. This reduces the direct light emission and brightness of the privacy sub-pixel, resulting in low light emission efficiency in privacy mode. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a display panel and a display device to solve the technical problem of low light emission efficiency of existing display panels in privacy mode.

[0005] This application discloses a display panel comprising: Substrate; A light-emitting layer is disposed on one side of the substrate, and the light-emitting layer includes a non-peeping unit and a peeping unit; A first refractive index layer is disposed on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate, and a dimming opening corresponding to the privacy unit is formed on the first refractive index layer. A second refractive index layer is disposed on the side of the first refractive index layer away from the substrate, and fills the dimming opening; A first light-shielding pattern is disposed on the side of the second refractive index layer away from the substrate, and a first opening corresponding to the privacy unit is formed on the first light-shielding pattern; The refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than that of the first refractive index layer.

[0006] Optionally, the display panel further includes: A third refractive index layer is disposed on the surface of the first refractive index layer near the substrate. Wherein, the refractive index of the third refractive index layer is less than or equal to the refractive index of the first refractive index layer.

[0007] Optionally, the display panel further includes: A second light-shielding pattern is disposed between the light-emitting layer and the first refractive index layer. The second light-shielding pattern has a second opening corresponding to the privacy unit. The first refractive index layer covers the second light-shielding pattern. In the direction from the privacy unit to the non-privacy unit, the width of the first opening is greater than or equal to the width of the second opening.

[0008] Optionally, the display panel further includes: A third light-blocking pattern is disposed between the second light-blocking pattern and the first light-blocking pattern, and the third light-blocking pattern has a third opening corresponding to the privacy unit; In the direction from the privacy unit to the non-privacy unit, the width of the third opening is greater than or equal to the width of the second opening, and the width of the third opening is less than or equal to the width of the first opening.

[0009] Optionally, the non-peeping unit has a first light-emitting point away from the peeping unit, and the minimum distance between the outer contour of the first light-blocking pattern and the first light-emitting point in the direction from the peeping unit to the non-peeping unit is a first distance; The distance between the surface of the first light-shielding pattern away from the substrate and the light-emitting layer in the thickness direction of the display panel is the second distance. Wherein, the first spacing is greater than or equal to the second spacing.

[0010] Optionally, the display panel further includes: At least one fourth refractive index layer is disposed between the first light-shielding pattern and the third light-shielding pattern; A leveling layer is disposed on the side of the first light-shielding pattern away from the substrate. Wherein, the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is less than or equal to the refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer, and the refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer is less than or equal to the refractive index of the leveling layer.

[0011] Optionally, the thickness of the first refractive index layer is greater than or equal to the thickness of the second refractive index layer.

[0012] Optionally, the refractive index difference between the first refractive index layer and the second refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 0.8.

[0013] Optionally, the display panel is configured in a sharing mode, in which at least the non-spy unit emits light; or the display panel is configured in a privacy mode, in which the privacy unit emits light and the non-spy unit does not emit light.

[0014] This application provides a display device, which includes the display panel described above.

[0015] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a first structural diagram of the display panel of this application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the first and second light-emitting groups in the display panel of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the repeating unit in the display panel of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a film layer diagram of the display panel of this application.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 2 or Figure 3 The first type of cross-sectional view of the mid-section MM.

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 2 or Figure 3 The second cross-sectional view of the midsection MM.

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 2 or Figure 3 The third type of cross-section of section MM. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 7 This application proposes a display panel 100, which includes a substrate 110, a light-emitting layer Ela disposed on one side of the substrate 110, a first refractive index layer 610 disposed on the side of the light-emitting layer Ela away from the substrate 110, a second refractive index layer 620 disposed on the side of the first refractive index layer 610 away from the substrate 110, and a first light-shielding pattern 520 disposed on the side of the second refractive index layer 620 away from the substrate 110.

[0027] In this embodiment, the light-emitting layer ELa includes a non-peeping unit P1 and a peeping unit P2; the first refractive index layer 610 has a dimming opening 611 corresponding to the peeping unit P2; the second refractive index layer 620 fills the dimming opening 611; the first light-shielding pattern 520 has a first opening 521 corresponding to the peeping unit P2.

[0028] In this embodiment, the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 620 is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 610.

[0029] It should be noted that current privacy products control the viewing angle range by adding multiple light-blocking layers. The light from the privacy unit P2 at a wide viewing angle is blocked by the blocking layers, which reduces the light emitted from the privacy unit P2 when viewed directly and lowers its brightness, thus reducing the light emission efficiency of the privacy unit P2. However, this application forms a dimming opening 611 corresponding to the privacy unit P2 on the first refractive index layer 610, and the dimming opening 611 is filled by the second refractive index layer 620. Since the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 620 is greater than that of the first refractive index layer 610, the light on the sidewall 611a of the dimming opening 611 in the privacy unit P2 will be reflected, causing the light from the privacy unit P2 at a wide angle to converge at a narrow angle, thereby increasing the light emission of the privacy unit P2 at a narrow angle and improving the technical problem of low light emission efficiency of the display panel 100 in privacy mode.

[0030] In this embodiment, the thickness of the first refractive index layer 610 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the second refractive index layer 620. For example, please refer to... Figure 5 The first refractive index layer 610 has a dimming opening 611. The greater the thickness of the first refractive index layer 610, the larger the area of ​​the sidewall 611a of the dimming opening 611. The more light is incident on the sidewall 611a of the dimming opening 611, the more light is converted from large angle to small angle, which improves the light output of the privacy unit P2 at small angles and improves the technical problem of low light output efficiency of the display panel 100 in privacy mode.

[0031] In this embodiment, the display panel further includes a second light-shielding pattern 510 disposed between the light-emitting layer Ela and the first refractive index layer 610. The second light-shielding pattern 510 has a second opening 511 corresponding to the privacy unit P2, and the first refractive index layer 610 covers the second light-shielding pattern 510.

[0032] In this embodiment, the sidewall 611a of the dimming opening 611 can overlap with the second light-shielding pattern 510. Increasing the width of the dimming opening 611 increases the amount of light incident on the sidewall 611a of the dimming opening 611. At the same time, decreasing the tilt angle increases the area of ​​the sidewall 611a of the dimming opening 611, further increasing the amount of light incident on the sidewall 611a of the dimming opening 611. This improves the light output of the privacy unit P2 at small angles and addresses the technical problem of low light output efficiency of the display panel 100 in privacy mode.

[0033] In this embodiment, the refractive index difference between the first refractive index layer 610 and the second refractive index layer 620 is greater than or equal to 0.8.

[0034] In this embodiment, the refractive index range of the first refractive index layer 610 is greater than or equal to 1.4 and less than or equal to 1.6, and the refractive index range of the second refractive index layer 620 is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 1.7.

[0035] It should be noted that both the non-peeping unit P1 and the peeping unit P2 in this application are light-emitting units in the light-emitting layer ELa.

[0036] The technical solution of this application will now be described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 The display panel 100 includes a display area AA and a non-display area NA adjacent to the display area AA. The display area AA contains multiple rows of sub-pixels. Optionally, the non-display area NA surrounds the display area AA, so that the display area AA is surrounded by the non-display area NA. The display area AA is the area within the display panel 100 used for display functions, and it contains multiple display units that implement its display functions. The non-display area NA may be a border area of ​​the display panel 100, and it may contain functional components that assist the display units within the display area AA in displaying information.

[0038] Please see Figure 1A bonding area 400 is provided on the lower side of the display area AA. The bonding terminals in the bonding area 400 can be connected to external circuits. The bonding terminals transmit the signals input from the external circuits to the data lines, thereby driving the display panel 100 to display the image. For example, the bonding terminals can be bonded to chips or flip-chip films to provide power and drive signals to the display panel 100.

[0039] Please see Figure 2 The light-emitting layer ELa may include multiple first light-emitting groups RU1 and multiple second light-emitting groups RU2.

[0040] The first light-emitting group RU1 includes multiple light-emitting units, which can be a first non-peeping unit P1R, a second non-peeping unit P1G, and a third non-peeping unit P1B with different light-emitting colors. The first non-peeping unit P1R, the second non-peeping unit P1G, and the third non-peeping unit P1B can all be the non-peeping unit P1.

[0041] The second light-emitting group RU2 includes multiple light-emitting units, which can be a first privacy unit P2R, a second privacy unit P2G, and a third privacy unit P2B with different light-emitting colors, and the first privacy unit P2R, the second privacy unit P2G, and the third privacy unit can all be the privacy unit P2.

[0042] Please see Figure 2 The first light-emitting group RU1 and the second light-emitting group RU2 are arranged alternately along the first direction X, and the first light-emitting group RU1 and the second light-emitting group RU2 are also arranged alternately along the second direction Y.

[0043] It should be noted that the arrangement of the first light-emitting group RU1 and the second light-emitting group RU2 in this application is not limited to... Figure 2 This is merely an illustration of an example.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect, for example, the angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y is 90 degrees. The first direction X can be a row direction, and the second direction Y can be a column direction.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first privacy unit P2R and the first non-privacy unit P1R emit the same color, the second privacy unit P2G and the second non-privacy unit P1G emit the same color, and the third privacy unit P2B and the third non-privacy unit P1B emit the same color. For example, the first privacy unit P2R and the first non-privacy unit P1R may both emit one of red, blue, and green; the second privacy unit P2G and the second non-privacy unit P1G may both emit another of red, blue, and green; and the third privacy unit P2B and the third non-privacy unit P1B may both emit one of red, blue, and green that is different from the emission color of the first privacy unit P2R and the second privacy unit P2G.

[0046] In this embodiment, the light emission decay rate of the second privacy unit P2G is greater than that of the first privacy unit P2R, and the light emission decay rate of the third privacy unit P2B is greater than that of the second privacy unit P2G.

[0047] In this embodiment, since the first privacy unit P2R and the first non-privacy unit P1R emit the same color, the second privacy unit P2G and the second non-privacy unit P1G emit the same color, and the third privacy unit P2B and the third non-privacy unit P1B emit the same color, therefore, the first privacy unit P2R and the first non-privacy unit P1R emit the same light emission decay rate, the second privacy unit P2G and the second non-privacy unit P1G emit the same light emission decay rate, and the third privacy unit P2B and the third non-privacy unit P1B emit the same light emission decay rate.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first privacy unit P2R and the first non-privacy unit P1R can both emit red light, the second privacy unit P2G and the second non-privacy unit P1G can both emit green light, and the third privacy unit P2B and the third non-privacy unit P1B can both emit blue light.

[0049] Please see Figure 2In the plurality of first light-emitting groups RU1 and plurality of second light-emitting groups RU2 in the second direction Y, the first privacy unit P2R and the second privacy unit P2G are arranged along the second direction Y and located in the first column, the first non-privacy unit P1R and the second non-privacy unit P1G are arranged along the second direction Y and located in the first column, and the third privacy unit P2B and the third non-privacy unit P1B are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y and are both located in the second column; that is, the first column of this application can be red light-emitting units and green light-emitting units arranged alternately in the second direction Y, and the second column of this application can be all blue light-emitting units.

[0050] It should be noted that, for the arrangement of the non-spy unit P1 and the spy unit P2, this application can also use an SPR arrangement; the following embodiments use realRGB as an example for illustration.

[0051] Please see Figure 2 In the first light-emitting group RU1, all light-emitting units are non-peeping units P1, and in the second light-emitting group RU2, all light-emitting units are peeping units P2. In the sharing mode, at least the non-peeping unit P1 emits light, for example, the peeping unit P2 and the non-peeping unit P1 emit light, or the peeping unit P2 does not emit light and the non-peeping unit P1 emits light. In the peeping mode, the peeping unit P2 emits light and the non-peeping unit P1 does not emit light, so as to achieve peeping display.

[0052] For example, in the first direction X, at a viewing angle of 30 degrees to 45 degrees, the brightness of the privacy unit P2 is 1% to 10% of the brightness of the normal viewing angle (which can be regarded as a 0-degree viewing angle); at a viewing angle of 60 degrees, the brightness of the non-privacy unit P1 is 20% to 30% of the brightness of the normal viewing angle (which can be regarded as a 0-degree viewing angle).

[0053] Specifically, when the privacy unit P2 is provided with a second light-blocking pattern 510 and a first light-blocking pattern 520 in the second direction Y, the brightness of the privacy unit P2 in the second direction Y, at a viewing angle of 30 degrees to 45 degrees, is 1% to 10% of the brightness of the frontal viewing angle (which can be regarded as a 0-degree viewing angle).

[0054] It should be noted that, Figure 2 The first light-emitting group RU1 and the second light-emitting group RU2 in the middle each include three light-emitting units. When the first light-emitting group RU1 and the second light-emitting group RU2 each include four light-emitting units, the spacing between the light-emitting units in the second column is reduced. The first light-shielding pattern 520 corresponding to the light-emitting units in the second column needs to be set with reference to the first light-shielding pattern 520 corresponding to the light-emitting units in the first column.

[0055] Please see Figure 3The light-emitting layer ELa may include multiple repeating units RU, each repeating unit RU including a light-emitting unit. The multiple light-emitting units may be a first non-peeping unit P1R, a second non-peeping unit P1G, and a third non-peeping unit P1B with different light-emitting colors, and a first peeping unit P2R, a second peeping unit P2G, and a third peeping unit P2B with different light-emitting colors. The first non-peeping unit P1R, the second non-peeping unit P1G, and the third non-peeping unit P1B may all be the non-peeping unit P1, and the first peeping unit P2R, the second peeping unit P2G, and the third peeping unit P2B may all be the peeping unit P2.

[0056] In this embodiment, within the same repeating unit RU, the first non-spy unit P1R, the second non-spy unit P1G, and the third non-spy unit P1B can constitute a non-spy pixel, and the first spy unit P2R, the second spy unit P2G, and the third spy unit P2B can constitute a spy pixel.

[0057] In this embodiment, in the same repeating unit RU, the first non-peeping unit P1R and the second non-peeping unit P1G are arranged along the second direction Y, and the first peeping unit P2R and the second peeping unit P2G are arranged along the second direction Y.

[0058] In this embodiment, in the same repeating unit RU, two adjacent first non-spy unit P1R and first spy unit P2R are arranged along the first direction X, and two adjacent first non-spy unit P1R and first spy unit P2R can share the same vapor deposition opening on a photomask to form a first material part 710, and the first material part 710 can be rectangular. The first material part 710 includes the first non-spy unit P1R, the first spy unit P2R and a first redundant part 711 connecting the two.

[0059] In this embodiment, in the same repeating unit RU, two adjacent second non-spy unit P1G and second spy unit P2G are arranged along the first direction X, and two adjacent second non-spy unit P1G and second spy unit P2G can share the same vapor deposition opening on a photomask to form a second material part 720, and the second material part 720 can be rectangular. The second material part 720 includes the second non-spy unit P1G, the second spy unit P2G and a second redundant part 721 connecting the two.

[0060] In this embodiment, in the same repeating unit RU, two adjacent third non-peeping units P1B and third privacy units P2B are arranged along the second direction Y, and two adjacent third non-peeping units P1B and third privacy units P2B can share the same vapor deposition opening on a photomask to form a third material part 730, and the third material part 730 can be rectangular. The third material part 730 includes the third non-peeping unit P1B, the third privacy unit P2B and a third redundant part 731 connecting the two.

[0061] It should be noted that this application uses the example of each light-emitting unit being circular in shape for illustration, but the embodiments of this application are not limited to this. The shape of the light-emitting unit can be square or polygonal, and the shape of the privacy unit P2 can be the same as or different from the shape of the non-privacy unit P1.

[0062] It should be noted that the luminescent layer Ela in this application is a luminescent material layer.

[0063] The film layer of the display panel 100 of this application is described below.

[0064] Please see Figure 4 The display area AA and non-display area NA of the display panel 100 may be provided with a substrate 110 and an array driving layer 120 disposed on the substrate 110; within the display area AA, the display panel 100 may also be provided with a pixel definition layer PDL disposed on the array driving layer 120, a light-emitting device layer EL disposed on the same layer as the pixel definition layer PDL, an encapsulation layer TFE disposed on the pixel definition layer PDL, a touch layer TL disposed on the encapsulation layer TFE, a dimming composite layer DL disposed on the touch layer TL, and a cover layer CG disposed on the dimming composite layer DL.

[0065] In this embodiment, the substrate 110 supports various layers disposed on the substrate 110. When the display panel 100 is a bottom-emitting light-emitting display device or a double-sided light-emitting display device, a transparent substrate is used. When the display panel 100 is a top-emitting light-emitting display device, a semi-transparent or opaque substrate, as well as a transparent substrate, can be used.

[0066] In this embodiment, the substrate 110 may be made of an insulating material such as glass, quartz, or polymer resin. The substrate 110 may be a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate that can be bent, folded, rolled, etc. Examples of flexible materials for flexible substrates include, but are not limited to, polyimide.

[0067] In this embodiment, the substrate 110 may include a first flexible substrate, a first barrier layer, a second flexible substrate, and a second barrier layer stacked together. The first flexible substrate and the second flexible substrate may be formed of the same material, such as polyimide, and the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer may be formed of an inorganic material, for example, including at least one of SiOx and SiNx.

[0068] Please see Figure 4 The array driving layer 120 may include multiple thin-film transistors. The thin-film transistors may be etch-block type, back-channel etch type, or classified into bottom-gate thin-film transistors, top-gate thin-film transistors, etc., according to the position of the gate and the active layer, or classified into N-type thin-film transistors and P-type thin-film transistors according to their performance.

[0069] Please see Figure 4 The array driving layer 120 may include a light-shielding layer 121 disposed on the substrate 110, a buffer layer 122 disposed on the light-shielding layer 121, a first active layer 123 disposed on the buffer layer 122, a first insulating layer 124 disposed on the first active layer 123, a first gate layer 125 disposed on the first insulating layer 124, a second insulating layer 126 disposed on the first gate layer 125, a second gate layer 127 disposed on the second insulating layer 126, a third insulating layer 128 disposed on the second gate layer 127, and a second active layer 127 disposed on the third insulating layer 128. 9. A fourth insulating layer 130 disposed on the second active layer 129, a third gate layer 131 disposed on the fourth insulating layer 130, a fifth insulating layer 132 disposed on the third gate layer 131, a first source-drain layer 133 disposed on the fifth insulating layer 132, a first planarization layer 134 disposed on the first source-drain layer 133, a second source-drain layer 135 disposed on the first planarization layer 134, a second planarization layer 136 disposed on the second source-drain layer 135, a light-emitting device layer and a pixel definition layer disposed on the second planarization layer 136, and an encapsulation layer disposed on the pixel definition layer.

[0070] Please see Figure 4 The light-shielding layer 121 is disposed on the second barrier layer. The light-shielding layer 121 is used to block external light from entering the thin film transistor from the bottom. The material of the light-shielding layer 121 can be made of black light-shielding material, such as black light-shielding metal or black organic material.

[0071] Please see Figure 4 A buffer layer 122 is disposed on the light-shielding layer 121. The buffer layer 122 is used to isolate the light-shielding layer 121 from the upper metal material. The material of the buffer layer 122 may be composed of a compound consisting of nitrogen, silicon and oxygen elements, such as a single layer of silicon oxide film or a stacked structure of silicon oxide and silicon nitride.

[0072] In this embodiment, the light-shielding layer 121 can also be embedded within the buffer layer 122.

[0073] Please see Figure 4 The first active layer 123 is disposed on the buffer layer 122, and the second active layer 129 is disposed on the third insulating layer 128. In this application, the material of the first active layer 123 can be silicon semiconductor, such as low temperature polycrystalline silicon, and the material of the second active layer 129 can be oxide semiconductor, such as metal oxide.

[0074] Please see Figure 4 The first insulating layer 124, the second insulating layer 126, the third insulating layer 128, the fourth insulating layer 130, and the fifth insulating layer 132 are respectively disposed on the corresponding metal layer or semiconductor layer, so that the metal layer or semiconductor layer of different layers is disposed separately; the materials of the first insulating layer 124, the second insulating layer 126, the third insulating layer 128, the fourth insulating layer 130, and the fifth insulating layer 132 can be inorganic materials composed of at least two elements in silicon oxynitride or organic materials with planarity, or they can be stacked single or multiple film layers, such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, etc. stacked structure.

[0075] Please see Figure 4 The first gate layer 125, the second gate layer 127, and the third gate layer 131 are respectively disposed on the corresponding insulating layer. The materials of the first gate layer 125, the second gate layer 127, and the third gate layer 131 can be metals such as Cr, W, Ti, Ta, Mo, Al, and Cu, or single-layer or multi-layer metal structures composed of at least two of the above metals.

[0076] Please see Figure 4 The first source-drain layer 133 is disposed on the fifth insulating layer 132, and the second source-drain layer 135 is disposed on the first planarization layer 134. The materials of the first source-drain layer 133 and the second source-drain layer 135 can be metals such as Cr, W, Ti, Ta, Mo, Al, Cu, or single-layer or multi-layer metal structures composed of at least two of the above metals.

[0077] Please see Figure 4 The first planarization layer 134 and the second planarization layer 136 are laid in a whole layer to ensure the flatness of the film layer of the array driving layer 120. The materials of the first planarization layer 134 and the second planarization layer 136 can be inorganic materials composed of silicon oxynitride, or organic materials with flatness, such as flexible materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0078] It should be noted that this application uses a combination of oxide semiconductor transistors and silicon semiconductor transistors as an example to illustrate the structure of the array driving layer 120 of this application; the array driving layer 120 of this application may also have only one of oxide semiconductor transistors and silicon semiconductor transistors.

[0079] It should be noted that the number of source and drain layers in this application can be set as needed. For example, this application has two source and drain layers, or it can have three source and drain layers. Similarly, the number of the three metal layers, the first gate layer 125, the second gate layer 127, and the third gate layer 131, can be set as needed.

[0080] Please see Figure 4 The display panel 100 may further include an anode layer AN disposed on the second planarization layer 136, a light-emitting layer ELa disposed on the anode layer AN, and a cathode layer CA disposed on the light-emitting layer ELa. The anode layer AN includes a plurality of anodes, the pixel definition layer PDL includes a plurality of pixel openings corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of anodes, and each pixel opening exposes the upper surface of one of the anodes. The light-emitting layer ELa may include a plurality of light-emitting pixels corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of anodes.

[0081] In this embodiment, the pixel definition layer (PDL) may consist of only one film layer, which can be a transparent material or contain a light-blocking material; alternatively, the PDL may consist of two film layers. For example, the PDL may include a first pixel definition layer and a second pixel definition layer, where the transmittance of the first pixel definition layer is greater than that of the second pixel definition layer. Both the first and second pixel definition layers are formed using light-transmitting photoresist, the difference being that the second pixel definition layer contains a light-blocking material. The hydrophilicity of the first pixel definition layer may be greater than that of the second pixel definition layer. The positions of the first and second pixel definition layers can be set as needed.

[0082] Please see Figure 4 The encapsulation layer TFE covers the pixel definition layer PDL and continuously covers multiple pixel openings and multiple light-emitting pixels; wherein, the encapsulation layer TFE may include at least a first inorganic encapsulation layer TFE1, a first organic encapsulation layer TFE2 and a second inorganic encapsulation layer TFE3 stacked on the pixel definition layer PDL.

[0083] In this embodiment, the thickness of the first inorganic encapsulation layer TFE1 ranges from 1 micrometer to 1.5 micrometers; the thickness of the first organic encapsulation layer TFE2 ranges from 7 micrometers to 11 micrometers; and the thickness of the second inorganic encapsulation layer TFE3 ranges from 0.6 micrometers to 0.8 micrometers.

[0084] Please see Figure 4The touch layer TL includes a first touch insulating layer TL1, a first touch metal layer TL2, a second touch insulating layer TL3, and a second touch metal layer TL4. However, the embodiments of this application are not limited to this. The number of touch metal layers and touch insulating layers can be other numbers, and the order of the film layers of touch metal layers and touch insulating layers can be other orders. For example, the touch layer TL can also include a third touch insulating layer TL5, which is disposed on the second touch metal layer TL4.

[0085] In this embodiment, the materials of the first touch insulating layer TL1, the second touch insulating layer TL3, and the third touch insulating layer can be inorganic materials such as silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride; the thickness range of the first touch insulating layer TL1, the second touch insulating layer TL3, and the third touch insulating layer TL5 is 0.2 micrometers to 0.4 micrometers.

[0086] It should be noted that the above numerical range is only an example of this application, and the specific values ​​can be adaptively adjusted according to the characteristics of the product in this application.

[0087] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The dimming composite layer DL includes a first light-shielding pattern 520 disposed on the side of the second light-shielding pattern 510 away from the substrate 110, and at least one insulating layer is disposed between the second light-shielding pattern 510 and the first light-shielding pattern 520.

[0088] In this embodiment, the second light-blocking pattern 510 may also have a plurality of color-blocking openings 512, the color-blocking openings corresponding to the non-peeping unit P1 in the first light-emitting group RU1, and the second opening 511 corresponding to the peeping unit P2 in the second light-emitting group RU2.

[0089] In this embodiment, both the second light-shielding pattern 510 and the first light-shielding pattern 520 are made of light-shielding materials, such as black organic photoresist.

[0090] In this embodiment, the dimming composite layer DL further includes a color resist layer 530, which includes a plurality of color resist units 531. The plurality of color resist units 531 are located within the second opening 511 and the color resist opening 512. The color resist units 531 cover a plurality of portions of the second light-shielding pattern 510 on the side away from the substrate 110.

[0091] For example, the color resist layer 530 includes a plurality of red color resists, a plurality of green color resists, and a plurality of blue color resists. The red color resists are located in the second opening 511 corresponding to the first privacy unit P2R and the color resist opening corresponding to the first non-privacy unit P1R. The green color resists are located in the second opening 511 corresponding to the second privacy unit P2G and the color resist opening corresponding to the second non-privacy unit P1G. The blue color resists are located in the second opening 511 corresponding to the third privacy unit P2B and the color resist opening corresponding to the third non-privacy unit P1B.

[0092] It should be noted that, Figures 5 to 7 In the area where the non-peeping unit P1 is located, there is a color resist unit 531, which is not shown in the attached figure.

[0093] Please see Figure 2 The second light-shielding pattern 510 is laid out in a whole layer; for example, in the area where the first light-emitting group RU1 and the second light-emitting group RU2 are located, the three adjacent color-blocking openings of the second light-shielding pattern 510 are all spaced apart; or, since the spacing between the first non-peeping unit P1R, the second non-peeping unit P1G and the third non-peeping unit P1B is small, the color-blocking openings corresponding to the first non-peeping unit P1R, the second non-peeping unit P1G and the third non-peeping unit P1B can be connected to each other to reduce the difficulty of the process.

[0094] Please see Figure 2 The first light-shielding pattern 520 may be set only in the area where the privacy unit P2 is located; for example, in the areas where the first light-emitting group RU1 and the second light-emitting group RU2 are located, the first light-shielding pattern 520 is not set in the area where the first light-emitting group RU1 is located, and the second light-emitting group RU2 is set only on the periphery of each privacy unit P2.

[0095] In this embodiment, the first light-shielding pattern 520 can be a continuous pattern; for example, please refer to... Figure 2 The first privacy unit P2R, the second privacy unit P2G, and the third privacy unit P2B are connected to the first light-shielding pattern 520, which is equivalent to having three first openings in the first light-shielding pattern 520, which correspond to the first privacy unit P2R, the second privacy unit P2G, and the third privacy unit P2B respectively. At the same time, in the top view of the display panel 100, the first light-shielding pattern 520 is located on the periphery of the corresponding privacy unit P2, and the inner wall of the first light-shielding pattern 520 is spaced apart from the outer wall of the corresponding privacy unit P2.

[0096] In this embodiment, since the privacy unit P2 and the non-privacy unit P1 are both surrounded by a second light-shielding pattern 510, and the privacy unit P2 is surrounded by a first light-shielding pattern 520, the light emission angle of the non-privacy unit P1 is controlled by the second light-shielding pattern 510. The second light-shielding pattern 510 and the first light-shielding pattern 520 block the light from the privacy unit P2 at a wide and relatively large angle, so as to achieve 360-degree omnidirectional privacy protection for the display panel 100.

[0097] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 The display panel 100 further includes a third light-shielding pattern 540, which is disposed between the second light-shielding pattern 510 and the first light-shielding pattern 520. The third light-shielding pattern 540 corresponds to the privacy unit P2 and has a third opening 541. In a top view, the privacy unit P2 is located inside the third opening 541, and the sidewall of the third opening 541 is spaced apart from the privacy unit P2.

[0098] In this embodiment, the third light-shielding pattern 540 can be a continuous pattern; for example, please refer to... Figure 2 The third light-shielding pattern 540 corresponding to the first privacy unit P2R, the second privacy unit P2G, and the third privacy unit P2B is connected to a portion of the third light-shielding pattern 540. This means that the third light-shielding pattern 540 has three third openings 541, which correspond to the first privacy unit P2R, the second privacy unit P2G, and the third privacy unit P2B, respectively. At the same time, in the top view of the display panel 100, the third light-shielding pattern 540 is located on the periphery of the corresponding privacy unit P2, and the inner wall of the third light-shielding pattern 540 is spaced apart from the outer wall of the corresponding privacy unit P2.

[0099] In this embodiment, the material of the third light-shielding pattern 540 can be the same as the material of the second light-shielding pattern 510 and the first light-shielding pattern 520.

[0100] Please see Figure 6 The privacy unit P2 has light rays L1, L2, L3 and L4 with successively increasing light emission angles. Light ray L1 is directly emitted from the first opening 521 without passing through the sidewall of the dimming opening 611. Light ray L2 is directly emitted from the area between the first light-shielding pattern 520 and the third light-shielding pattern 540 without passing through the sidewall of the dimming opening 611. Light ray L3 is emitted from the first opening 521 at a small angle after being reflected by the sidewall of the dimming opening 611. Light ray L4 is incident on the surface of the second light-shielding pattern 510 near the substrate 110 and is blocked by the second light-shielding pattern 510. That is, in this application, some light still comes out from the area between the first light-shielding pattern 520 and the third light-shielding pattern 540.

[0101] In this embodiment, in the direction from the privacy unit P2 to the non-privacy unit P1, the width Hb of the first opening 521 is greater than or equal to the width Ha of the second opening 511.

[0102] In this embodiment, in the direction from the privacy unit P2 to the non-privacy unit P1, the width Hc of the third opening 541 is greater than or equal to the width Ha of the second opening 511, and the width Hc of the third opening 541 is less than or equal to the width Hb of the first opening 521.

[0103] For example, if the anti-peeping unit P2 is circular in the top view, then the second opening 511, the first opening 521 and the third opening 541 are all circular. This means that the inner diameter of the third opening 541 is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the second opening 511, and the inner diameter of the third opening 541 is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the first opening 521.

[0104] Therefore, this application makes the width Hb of the first opening 521 greater than or equal to the width Hc of the third opening 541, which is equivalent to increasing the width Hc of the first opening 521 to block the light emitted from the area between the second light-shielding pattern 510 and the first light-shielding pattern 520. At the same time, increasing the width Hb of the first opening 521 further increases the light emitted by the privacy unit P2, improving the technical problem of low light emission efficiency of the display panel 100 in privacy mode. Alternatively, this application can also reduce the width Hc of the third opening 541 to block the light emitted from the area between the second light-shielding pattern 510 and the first light-shielding pattern 520. At the same time, reducing the width Hc of the third opening 541 reduces the large-angle light emitted by the privacy unit P2, improving the privacy effect of the display panel 100. Alternatively, the width Hb of the first opening 521 can be increased and the width Hc of the third opening 541 can be decreased to block the light emitted from the area between the second light-shielding pattern 510 and the first light-shielding pattern 520.

[0105] In this embodiment, since the large-angle light emitted by the non-spy unit P1 may be blocked by the first light-shielding pattern 520 in the area where the adjacent spy unit P2 is located, the brightness attenuation of the non-spy unit P1 varies under different viewing angles.

[0106] For example, please see Figure 2For the adjacent first light-emitting group RU1 and second light-emitting group RU2, the first non-peeping unit P1R and the second privacy unit P2G are arranged adjacent to each other in the second direction Y. Since the second privacy unit P2G has a first light-shielding pattern 520 near the light-emitting side of the display panel 100, at the V+ viewing angle, the large-angle light of the first non-peeping unit P1R may be blocked by the first light-shielding pattern 520 corresponding to the second privacy unit P2G. However, at the V- viewing angle, since the first light-shielding pattern 520 is not set in the area where the second non-peeping unit P1G is located, the large-angle light of the first non-peeping unit P1R is not blocked, resulting in a difference in the brightness attenuation of the large-angle light of the first non-peeping unit P1R at the V+ and V- viewing angles.

[0107] Similarly, for the adjacent first light-emitting group RU1 and second light-emitting group RU2, the first privacy unit P2R and the second non-privacy unit P1G are arranged adjacent to each other in the second direction Y. Since the first privacy unit P2R has a first light-shielding pattern 520 on the light-emitting side near the display panel 100, at the V-view, the large-angle light of the second non-privacy unit P1G may be blocked by the first light-shielding pattern 520 corresponding to the first privacy unit P2R. However, at the V+view, since the first light-shielding pattern 520 is not set in the area where the first non-privacy unit P1R is located, the large-angle light of the second non-privacy unit P1G is not blocked, resulting in a difference in the brightness attenuation of the large-angle light of the second non-privacy unit P1G at the V+ and V-views.

[0108] It should be noted that the top side is the side where the phone's camera is located, and the bottom side is the side where the phone's charging port is located; that is, the view from top to bottom. The V+ view in this application is the view from the side where the user is located and facing the side where the charging port is located, and the V- view is the view from the side where the user is located and facing the side where the charging port is located; that is, the view from bottom to top.

[0109] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 5 , Figure 6 The non-peeping unit P1 has a first light-emitting point A1 that is away from the peeping unit P2. The minimum distance between the outer contour of the first light-shielding pattern 520 and the first light-emitting point A1 in the direction from the peeping unit P2 to the non-peeping unit P1 is a first distance H1. The distance between the surface of the first light-shielding pattern 520 away from the substrate 110 and the light-emitting layer ELa in the thickness direction of the display panel 100 is a second distance H2. The first distance H1 is greater than or equal to the second distance H2.

[0110] In this embodiment, the first light-emitting point A1 of this application can be the light-emitting point of the large-angle light of the non-peeping unit P1. The first spacing H1 is greater than or equal to the second spacing H2, which means that the side light of the non-peeping unit P1 at least 45° cannot be blocked by the first light-blocking pattern 520, thus ensuring the display effect of the non-peeping unit P1 and improving the difference in brightness attenuation of the non-peeping unit P1 under different viewing angles.

[0111] It should be noted that, Figure 3 The structure in it also has the above-mentioned problems, and Figure 3 The mid-section is taken only as an example of the cross-section of the first non-peeping unit P1R and the second peeping unit P2G. Figures 5 to 7 The structure is also applicable to the cross-sections of the first non-peeping unit P1R and the first peeping unit P2R, the cross-sections of the second non-peeping unit P1G and the second peeping unit P2G, and the cross-sections of the third non-peeping unit P1B and the third peeping unit P2B.

[0112] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The display panel 100 further includes a third refractive index layer 630 disposed on the surface of the first refractive index layer 610 near the substrate 110, wherein the refractive index of the third refractive index layer 630 is less than or equal to the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 610.

[0113] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 Since the surfaces of the first refractive index layer 610 and the thin film encapsulation layer TFE away from the substrate 110 are in contact, the third refractive index layer 630 can be the second inorganic encapsulation layer TFE3; in another embodiment, the surfaces of the first refractive index layer 610 and the touch layer TL away from the substrate 110 can be in contact, so the third refractive index layer 630 can be the third touch insulating layer TL5; in another embodiment, the first refractive index layer 610 and the second refractive index layer 620 can be film layers within the touch layer TL.

[0114] In this embodiment, the sidewall 611a of the dimming opening 611 is used to adjust the large-angle light from the privacy unit P2 into a small-angle light, thereby increasing the small-angle light output of the privacy unit P2 and reducing the light loss of the privacy unit P2. In order to further increase the large-angle light output of the privacy unit P2, this application can make the refractive index of the third refractive index layer 630 less than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 610, so that the light incident on the interface between the thin film encapsulation layer TFE and the first refractive index layer 610 is refracted, thereby adjusting the large-angle light from the privacy unit P2 into a small-angle light and reflecting it at the sidewall 611a of the dimming opening 611. Both angle changes cause the light emitted by the privacy unit P2 to deflect towards a small angle, thereby increasing the small-angle light output of the privacy unit P2 and reducing the light loss of the privacy unit P2.

[0115] It should be noted that, Figure 7 The first refractive index layer 610 directly covers the color resist layer, therefore Figure 7 The third refractive index layer 630 is not provided; in other embodiments, it can be provided. Figure 7 A film layer with a refractive index less than or equal to that of the first refractive index layer 610 is disposed between the color resist layer 530 and the first refractive index layer 610.

[0116] In this embodiment, the second refractive index layer 620 can be epoxy optical adhesive, polyaniline, etc., and the first refractive index layer 610 can be PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), cyclic olefin polymer, fluoropolymer, etc.

[0117] In this embodiment, the material of the second refractive index layer 620 has high transparency, high refractive index, good optical stability and process compatibility, which can ensure efficient transmission of interfering light and reduce light loss. It is well connected with the first refractive index layer 610. The epoxy optical adhesive also has good adhesion, which improves structural stability. The polyaniline has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, which can improve the service life of the display panel 100. Moreover, the refractive index is easy to adjust, which can adapt to different privacy protection requirements.

[0118] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The display panel 100 further includes a leveling layer 650 and at least one fourth refractive index layer 640. The at least one fourth refractive index layer 640 is disposed between the first light-shielding pattern 520 and the third light-shielding pattern 540, and the leveling layer 650 is disposed on the side of the first light-shielding pattern 520 away from the substrate 110.

[0119] In this embodiment, the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 620 is less than or equal to the refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer 640, and the refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer 640 is less than or equal to the refractive index of the leveling layer 650.

[0120] In this embodiment, when the refractive index of the leveling layer 650 is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer 640, the light is deflected at a small angle at the interface between the two, which further increases the amount of light in the privacy unit P2 at a small angle and improves the light utilization rate of the privacy unit P2; at the same time, in the area where the privacy unit P1 is not located, the light emitted by the non-privacy unit P1 is also deflected at a small angle, which improves the brightness of the non-privacy unit P1 at the frontal viewing angle.

[0121] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The display panel 100 may include two fourth refractive index layers 640, and the material of the fourth refractive index layer 640 may be the same as the material of the first refractive index layer 610 and the second refractive index layer 620.

[0122] In this embodiment, when the refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer 640 is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 620, the light is deflected at a small angle at the interface between the two, which further increases the amount of light in the privacy unit P2 at a small angle and improves the light utilization rate of the privacy unit P2.

[0123] In this embodiment, the refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer 640 on the side closer to the substrate 110 can be less than or equal to the refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer 640 on the side farther from the substrate 110. When light is incident from the low refractive index film layer to the high refractive index film layer, it will be deflected at a small angle, which further increases the amount of light in the privacy unit P2 at a small angle and improves the light utilization rate of the privacy unit P2.

[0124] It should be noted that this application also proposes a display device, which includes the aforementioned display panel, and the display device of this application can be any product or component with display function, such as a vehicle screen, mobile phone, tablet computer, television, monitor, laptop computer, digital photo frame, or navigator.

[0125] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0126] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0127] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0128] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, include: Substrate; A light-emitting layer is disposed on one side of the substrate, and the light-emitting layer includes a non-peeping unit and a peeping unit; A first refractive index layer is disposed on the side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate, and a dimming opening corresponding to the privacy unit is formed on the first refractive index layer. A second refractive index layer is disposed on the side of the first refractive index layer away from the substrate, and fills the dimming opening; A first light-shielding pattern is disposed on the side of the second refractive index layer away from the substrate, and a first opening corresponding to the privacy unit is formed on the first light-shielding pattern; The refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than that of the first refractive index layer.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel also includes: A third refractive index layer is disposed on the surface of the first refractive index layer near the substrate. Wherein, the refractive index of the third refractive index layer is less than or equal to the refractive index of the first refractive index layer.

3. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel also includes: A second light-shielding pattern is disposed between the light-emitting layer and the first refractive index layer. The second light-shielding pattern has a second opening corresponding to the privacy unit. The first refractive index layer covers the second light-shielding pattern. In the direction from the privacy unit to the non-privacy unit, the width of the first opening is greater than or equal to the width of the second opening.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The display panel also includes: A third light-blocking pattern is disposed between the second light-blocking pattern and the first light-blocking pattern, and the third light-blocking pattern has a third opening corresponding to the privacy unit; In the direction from the privacy unit to the non-privacy unit, the width of the third opening is greater than or equal to the width of the second opening, and the width of the third opening is less than or equal to the width of the first opening.

5. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The non-peeping unit has a first light-emitting point away from the peeping unit, and the minimum distance between the outer contour of the first light-blocking pattern and the first light-emitting point in the direction from the peeping unit to the non-peeping unit is the first distance; The distance between the surface of the first light-shielding pattern away from the substrate and the light-emitting layer in the thickness direction of the display panel is the second distance. Wherein, the first spacing is greater than or equal to the second spacing.

6. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The display panel also includes: At least one fourth refractive index layer is disposed between the first light-shielding pattern and the third light-shielding pattern; A leveling layer is disposed on the side of the first light-shielding pattern away from the substrate. Wherein, the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is less than or equal to the refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer, and the refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer is less than or equal to the refractive index of the leveling layer.

7. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the first refractive index layer is greater than or equal to the thickness of the second refractive index layer.

8. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The refractive index difference between the first refractive index layer and the second refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 0.

8.

9. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The display panel is configured in sharing mode, in which at least the non-spy unit emits light; the display panel is configured in privacy mode, in which the privacy unit emits light and the non-spy unit does not emit light.

10. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images