Polymers based on polycyclic cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acid monomers (PA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a polyamide (PA) exhibiting a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least 100.0 °C determined according to ASTM D3418 and comprising recurring units (R PA ) of formula: wherein: # X is a bond or -(CR a R b )2-, wherein Raand Rbare independently selected from the group of H and (C1-C2)-alkyl; # R1represents a divalent radical derived from at least one C8-C 16 diamine (DA) selected from the group of: (i) aliphatic diamines having formula 2HN-Alk-NH2, wherein Alk represents a linear or branched alkylene group, (ii) diamines containing one or two cyclohexane rings, and (iii) combinations thereof; wherein the proportion of recurring units (R PA ) in the polyamide (PA) is at least 30.0 mol%, preferably at least 45.0 mol%, based on the total amount of recurring units in the polyamide (PA).

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 571,920, filed March 29, 2024, and European Patent Application No. 24176694.8, filed May 17, 2024, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes. In the event of any inconsistency between this application and one of the priority applications that would affect the clarity of terminology or expression, reference should be made solely to this application.

[0002] This disclosure relates to a polyamide (PA) comprising repeating units based on a polycyclic alicyclic dicarboxylic acid monomer.

[0003] [Technical issues to be resolved]

[0004] Many everyday products, such as containers, need to exhibit high glass transition temperatures (Tg) and high carbon to nitrogen (C / N) ratios to minimize water absorption and thus maintain mechanical properties even when used at high temperatures. In many cases, such products may also need to exhibit resistance to UV radiation.

[0005] Several polyamides based on 4,4'-methylenebis(2-methylcyclohexylamine) (MACM) or 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane (PACM) have been commercialized and exhibit high Tg:

[0006]

[0007] However, both MACM and PACM are suspected of exhibiting some acute toxicity (see https: / / echa.europa.eu / The above two types of REACH compliance profiles) Furthermore, for polyamides containing terephthalic acid and / or isophthalic acid, a high proportion of repeating units containing aromatic moieties is known to have a detrimental effect on resistance to UV radiation (in fact, the main photoreaction involves the excitation of the conjugated carbonyl-phenylene ring; see European Polymer Journal 1981, 17(8), 919-933).

[0008] Therefore, there is a need to find polyamides that are not derived from MACM and / or PACM and exhibit a Tg above 100°C, low water absorption, and resistance to UV radiation.

[0009] The polyamide and polymer compositions of the present invention are intended to solve this technical problem. Background Technology

[0010] US 3,505,2811 discloses a polyester based on [1,1'-bi(cyclohexane)]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid (BCDA).

[0011] US 3,472,818 (D1) discloses a polyamide having the following general formula:

[0012] , where R is a member of a class consisting of hydrogen and methyl, and R' is an organic alkylene group containing 6 to 16 carbon atoms. D1 does not disclose repeating units (R) of the same type as those in the polyamide (PA) of the present invention. PA ). Summary of the Invention

[0013] The present invention is defined in the appended set of claims.

[0014] The present invention relates to a polyamide (PA) as defined in any one of claims 1-38.

[0015] The present invention also relates to a method for preparing polyamide (PA) as defined in claim 39.

[0016] The present invention also relates to a polymer composition (C) as defined in claims 40-42.

[0017] The present invention also relates to the use as defined in claim 43.

[0018] The present invention also relates to an article of manufacture as defined in claim 44.

[0019] More precise information and details on these topics are now provided below.

[0020] [General Definition]

[0021] Mol.% is a percentage in moles; wt.% is a percentage by weight.

[0022] When numerical ranges are given herein, unless otherwise explicitly indicated, the endpoints of these ranges are included (even within open-ended ranges such as those including "at least," "at most," "lower than," "up to," etc., or within ranges including "between"). Therefore, in the context of this invention, the expression "at least" corresponds to the mathematical symbol ≥. Therefore, in the context of this invention, the expression "at most" corresponds to the mathematical symbol ≤. Therefore, for clarity, a range including the expression "between X and Y" is equivalent to "from X to Y."

[0023] The proportion of repeating units in the polymer is expressed as mol% and given relative to the total amount of repeating units in the polymer.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise stated, any particular embodiment or technical feature relating to one of the subjects of the invention (e.g., polyamide (PA) or polymer composition (C)) is applicable to (i) another embodiment or technical feature that is also related to said subject or to another subject of the invention and (ii) another embodiment or technical feature disclosed elsewhere in this application, or may be interchanged with it.

[0025] Similarly, in this application, unless otherwise indicated, any particular embodiment or technical feature related to the subject matter is applicable to another embodiment or technical feature of the same subject matter or to another subject matter.

[0026] In the context of this invention, the term "amorphous" means a polyamide (PA) with a heat of fusion (Hm) of less than or equal to 5.0 J / g, as determined according to ASTM D3418.

[0027] In the context of this invention, the term “semi-crystalline” means a polyamide (PA) with a heat of fusion (Hm) strictly greater than 5.0 J / g, as determined according to ASTM D3418.

[0028] As used herein, the term '(C)' refers to organic groups. n -C m )' (where n and m are integers) indicates that each group can contain n to m carbon atoms (inclusive).

[0029] The repeating units of polyamide (PA) are linked together by amide bonds.

[0030] The composition of the polyamides disclosed herein is sometimes given by reference to its constituent monomers (e.g., IPDA / TMD-BCDA / 15). For clarity, this means that the monomers are present in the polyamide in polymeric form. This also means that the indicated proportion of monomers corresponds to the proportion of monomers present in the polyamide (PA) in polymeric form after polycondensation.

[0031] Similarly, the proportions of monomers are sometimes given by reference to the proportions in the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B). Those proportions can be converted to and correspond to the proportions of monomers present in the polyamide (PA) in polymeric form after polycondensation.

[0032] Y represents the expression HOOC-(CH2). y -COOH dicarboxylic acid, where y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16.

[0033] The following acronyms are used in this disclosure:

[0034] Detailed Implementation

[0035] As a first aspect, the present invention relates to a polyamide (PA) as defined in any of the appended claims.

[0036] Polyamide (PA) exhibits a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least 100.0°C as determined by ASTM D3418 and contains repeating units (R) having the following formula. PA ):

[0037]

[0038] in:

[0039] X is

[0040] o key; or

[0041] o-(CR a R b ) x -, where x is 2 and R a and R b Independently selected from the group consisting of H and (C1-C2)-alkyl;

[0042] R1 represents at least one C8-C derived from the group consisting of the following: 16 The divalent groups of diamines (DA) are: (i) aliphatic diamines having the formula 2HN-Alk-NH2, where Alk represents a straight-chain or branched alkylene group; (ii) diamines containing one or two cyclohexane rings; and (iii) combinations thereof.

[0043] And in polyamide (PA), the repeating unit (R) PA The proportion of ) is at least 30.0 mol%, preferably at least 45.0 mol%, which is based on the total amount of repeating units in polyamide (PA).

[0044] (R PA ) Composed of at least one diamine (DA) having the formula H2N-R1-NH2 and at least one having the formula The condensation of dicarboxylic acid (DI) produces X, where X has the meanings provided above [X = bond or -(CR)]. a R b )2-].

[0045] Polyamide (PA) preferably does not contain repeating units derived from MACM or PACM. The expression "does not contain" means that the proportion of said unit is less than or equal to 1.5 mol% (≤ 1.5 mol%), preferably less than or equal to 1.0 mol% (≤ 1.0 mol%), and preferably less than or equal to 0.5 mol% (≤ 0.5 mol%). Polyamide (PA) preferably does not contain repeating units derived from MACM or PACM.

[0046] Polyamide (PA) preferably does not contain units derived from lactams or amino acids.

[0047] Details about diamines (DA) and dicarboxylic acids (DI) are now given below.

[0048] Regarding diamine (DA)

[0049] C8-C 16 Diamines (DA) have the formula H2N-R1-NH2 and are selected from the group consisting of: (i) aliphatic diamines having the formula H2N-Alk-NH2, wherein Alk represents a straight-chain or branched alkylene group, (ii) diamines containing one or two cyclohexane rings, and (iii) combinations thereof.

[0050] The diamine (DA) can be (i) an aliphatic diamine having the formula H2N-Alk-NH2, where Alk represents C8-C 16 Straight-chain or branched alkylene groups. Alk is more specifically C8-C. 10 Straight-chain or branched alkylene groups. DA can be, for example, H2N-(CH2)8-NH2, H2N-(CH2)9-NH2, H2N-(CH2) 10 -NH2、H2N-(CH2) 12 -NH2, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine (2,2,4-TMD), 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine (2,4,4-TMD).

[0051] The diamine (DA) can be (ii) a diamine containing one or two cyclohexane rings. DA can more particularly be one of the following diamines: IPDA (isophorone diamine), 1,3-BAC (1,3-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane), or 1,4-BAC (1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane):

[0052] , , .

[0053] IPDA can be cis, trans, or a combination of cis and trans. IPDA can be, for example, a combination of cis and trans, where the cis / trans ratio is between 50 / 50 and 99 / 0. Similarly, 1,3-BAC and 1,4-BAC are also typically in the form of mixtures of cis and trans isomers. It should also be noted that 2,2,4-TMD is often associated with 2,4,4-TMD in the form of mixtures (see examples).

[0054] Diamines (DA) can be more specifically selected from the group consisting of: H2N-(CH2)9-NH2, H2N-(CH2). 10 -NH2、H2N-(CH2) 12 -NH2, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine (2,2,4-TMD), 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine (2,4,4-TMD), IPDA, 1,3-BAC, 1,4-BAC and combinations thereof.

[0055] 2,2,4-TMD can be represented by the following formula:

[0056] 2,4,4-TMD can be represented by the following formula: .

[0057] Diamine (DA) can be (iii) a combination of diamines selected from the group of diamines (i) and / or the group of diamines (ii).

[0058] The diamine (DA) is more specifically selected from the group of diamines disclosed in Table II.

[0059] (R PA It can be derived from one or more diamines (DA) as defined above or in this article.

[0060] Regarding dicarboxylic acids (DI) (polycyclic alicyclic dicarboxylic acid monomers)

[0061] DI is a type dicarboxylic acids, where X has the meaning indicated herein.

[0062] According to the embodiment, X is a bond and the two cyclohexyl groups are directly bonded to each other by a bond. Thus, DI is [1,1'-bi(cyclohexane)]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid (BCDA) having the following formula:

[0063] .

[0064] DI can be any of the stereoisomers of BCDA, and more particularly has the following formula: (trans, trans)-[1,1'-bi(cyclohexane)]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid (CAS No. 16200-85-4): (Also denoted as t,t-BCDA).

[0065] According to the embodiment, X = -(CR) a R b )2-. In this case, the two cyclohexyl groups of dicarboxylic acid (DI) pass through a structure with the formula -(CR a R b 2-alkylene bonding. Two R a and two R b Independently selected from the group consisting of H and (C1-C2)-alkyl groups. R a and R b Both can be H or CH3.

[0066] According to embodiments of this disclosure, dicarboxylic acid (DI) is [4,4'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid) (EDCA)] having the following formula:

[0067] .

[0068] Both BCDA and EDCA can be in different spatial configurations (e.g., BCDA can be in configuration t,t-BCDA). Mixtures of isomers can also be used for either BCDA or EDCA.

[0069] In the context of this invention, combinations of BCDA and EDCA are also possible and will not exceed the scope of this invention.

[0070] Repeating unit (R) in polyamide (PA) PA The proportion of ) is at least 30 mol%, preferably at least 45.0 mol%.

[0071] According to embodiments disclosed herein, this ratio may be more specifically:

[0072] - At least 60.0 mol%; or

[0073] - At least 70.0 mol%; or

[0074] - At least 80.0 mol%; or

[0075] - At least 90.0 mol%; or

[0076] - At least 95.0 mol%.

[0077] Polyamide (PA) can contain different units (R) PA Other repeating units (R) PA Repeating unit (R)PA The unit is selected from units derived from lactams, units derived from amino acids (e.g., aminoundecanoic acid), units derived from the condensation of diamines and dicarboxylic acids, and combinations thereof. The unit (R) described in polyamide (PA) PA The proportion is at most 70.0 mol% or at most 55.0 mol%.

[0078] The repeating unit of polyamide (PA) consists of unit (R) PA ) and optional unit (R) PA Composition.

[0079] The proportion of aromatic repeating units in the polyamide (PA) is preferably less than or equal to 5.0 mol%, preferably less than or equal to 1.0 mol%, and preferably less than 0.5 mol%. According to examples, the polyamide (PA) does not contain aromatic repeating units. The term "aromatic repeating unit" refers to a repeating unit containing at least one aromatic moiety. A low proportion of aromatic repeating units ensures better UV resistance.

[0080] Polyamides (PAs) can have combinations of monomers as disclosed in the second column of Table II or as disclosed in claim 9, 23, or 27. The nomenclature used in Table II or those claims refers to the constituent monomers of the polyamide. For example, polyamide IPDA / TMD-BCDA / 15 refers to polyamides composed of IPDA and TMD (diamines) and BCDA and HOOC-(CH2). 13 Polyamides prepared by the condensation of -COOH (diacid). Similarly, IPDA.EDCA / IPDA.13 refers to polyamides prepared by the polymerization of IPDA (diamine) and EDCA and HOOC-(CH2). 11 Polyamides prepared by polycondensation of -COOH (diacid).

[0081] The composition of polyamide (PA) is determined using well-known analytical techniques. The composition of polyamide (PA), and the ratio of repeating units to end groups in polyamide (PA) can be determined through... 1They can also be determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy. They can also be determined after the digestion (hydrolysis) of polyamide (PA) and analysis of the mixture resulting from said digestion. The analysis is performed using common analytical techniques available to a skilled technician. Gas chromatography (GC) and / or liquid chromatography (LC) can be conveniently used for this analysis. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a convenient analytical technique for this analysis. See ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2020, 8, 31, 11818-11826. The hydrolysis of polyamide is preferably carried out under acidic conditions: a sample of polyamide is mixed with a strong acid, and the mixture is heated at a temperature above 150°C until digestion is complete. The resulting mixture is then cooled to room temperature, diluted with a solvent, and analyzed by at least one analytical method. As an example of digestion conditions, the following conditions are given: A weighed polyamide sample (40-50 mg) is mixed with a strong acid (0.5 mL of HBr, 48 wt% in water) in a hydrolysis tube, and after purging O2 under vacuum and adding N2 (cyclic vacuum / N2: 3 times), the mixture is heated at a temperature above 150°C (160°C) until digestion is complete (typically, this requires a duration of at least 4 hours). The mixture is then cooled to room temperature. The mixture is diluted with a solvent (acetonitrile / water mixture, volume ratio 2 / 1), and the resulting mixture is analyzed by LC-MS (liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry).

[0082] End groups can also be titrated using potentiometric techniques.

[0083] Several embodiments of the present invention are now disclosed below.

[0084] Example (E1)

[0085] According to the embodiments (E1) disclosed herein, the repeating units of polyamide (PA) are substantially composed of or consist of the following: repeating units (R PA The phrase "consisting essentially of..." in the context of repeating units means that these repeating units of polyamide (PA) are composed of (R... PA And up to 1.5 mol%, preferably up to 1.0 mol%, preferably up to 0.5 mol%, of which (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA Composition.

[0086] Repeating unit (R) PA Typically selected from units derived from lactams (e.g., lauryl lactam), units derived from amino acids (e.g., aminoundecanoic acid), units derived from the condensation of diamines and dicarboxylic acids, and combinations thereof.

[0087] More specifically, according to this embodiment (E1):

[0088] - (R PA It is formed by the condensation of BCDA and H2N-(CH2)9-NH2; or

[0089] - (R PA It is composed of BCDA and H2N-(CH2) 10 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or

[0090] - (R PA It is composed of BCDA and H2N-(CH2) 11 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or

[0091] - (R PA It is composed of BCDA and H2N-(CH2) 12 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or

[0092] - (R PA It is formed by the condensation of BCDA and IPDA; or

[0093] - (R PA It is formed by the condensation of EDCA and H2N-(CH2)9-NH2; or

[0094] - (R PA It is composed of EDCA and H2N-(CH2) 10 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or

[0095] - (R PA It is composed of EDCA and H2N-(CH2) 11 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or

[0096] - (R PA It is composed of EDCA and H2N-(CH2) 12 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or

[0097] - (R PA It is formed by the condensation of EDCA and IPDA.

[0098] For this embodiment (E1), BCDA can be more specifically t,t-BCDA.

[0099] According to the embodiments, the polyamide (PA) has one of the following compositions or is selected from the group consisting of:

[0100] -DA.DI;

[0101] -9.DI;

[0102] -10.DI;

[0103] -11.DI;

[0104] -12.DI;

[0105] -IPDA.DI;

[0106] Wherein, the diacid DI is BCDA or EDCA or a combination of BCDA and EDCA; the diamine DA has the meaning indicated herein; and 9, 10, 11, and 12 represent having the formula H2N-(CH2)9-NH2, H2N-(CH2), etc., respectively. 10 -NH2、H2N-(CH2) 11 -NH2 and H2N-(CH2) 12 -NH2 diamine.

[0107] Example (E2) a-f )

[0108] In these embodiments (E2) a-f In the context of repeating units, the phrase "consisting essentially of..." in polyamide (PA) means that these repeating units are composed of repeating units (R... PA ), (R PA And up to 1.5 mol%, preferably up to 1.0 mol%, preferably up to 0.5 mol%, of which (R) PA ) and (R PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA Composition.

[0109] The diamine component (A) consists essentially of the indicated diamine or is composed of the indicated diamine. The expression “consistently of” used herein with respect to the diamine component (A) means that the diamine component (A) consists of the indicated diamine and at least one of the indicated diamines, in amounts up to 1.5 mol%, preferably up to 1.0 mol%, preferably up to 0.5 mol%.

[0110] Similarly, the dicarboxylic acid component (B) is substantially composed of the indicated dicarboxylic acid or is composed of the indicated dicarboxylic acid. The expression “substantially composed of” used herein with respect to the dicarboxylic acid component (B) means that the dicarboxylic acid component (B) is composed of the indicated dicarboxylic acid and at least one dicarboxylic acid that is not one of the indicated dicarboxylic acids, up to 1.5 mol%, preferably up to 1.0 mol%, preferably up to 0.5 mol%.

[0111] According to Example (E2a), the repeating unit of polyamide (PA) is substantially composed of or consists of the following: repeating unit (R) PA ) and except (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA These repeating units (R) PA Selected from the group consisting of: (i) repeating units (AB) derived from the condensation of diamines and dicarboxylic acids; (ii) derived from lactams; (iii) derived from amino acids; and combinations thereof.

[0112] These repeating units (R) PA The repeating unit (AB) is formed by the condensation of the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein:

[0113] The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of diamine (DA) as defined herein and optionally diamine NH2-A-NH2, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched C4-C7 alkylene, phenylene, xylene, and combinations thereof;

[0114] The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of dicarboxylic acid (DI) and optionally dicarboxylic acid HOOC-B-COOH, wherein B is selected from straight-chain or branched C6-C. 40 The group consisting of alkylene, phenylene, cyclohexylene and combinations thereof;

[0115] The proportion of aromatic repeating units in polyamide (PA) is less than or equal to 10.0 mol.

[0116] According to another embodiment (E2b), these repeating units of polyamide (PA) are essentially composed of or consist of the following: repeating unit (R PA ) and except (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA These repeating units (R) PA ) is a repeating unit (AB) formed by the condensation of diamine and dicarboxylic acid.

[0117] These repeating units (R) PA The repeating unit (AB) is formed by the condensation of the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein:

[0118] The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of diamine (DA) as defined herein and optionally diamine NH2-A-NH2, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched C4-C7 alkylene, phenylene, xylene, and combinations thereof;

[0119] The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of dicarboxylic acid (DI) and optionally dicarboxylic acid HOOC-B-COOH, wherein B is selected from straight-chain or branched C6-C. 40 The group consisting of alkylene, phenylene, cyclohexylene and combinations thereof;

[0120] The proportion of aromatic repeating units is less than or equal to 10.0 mol.

[0121] Option B: Free straight chain or branch chain C6-C 40 The group consisting of alkylene, phenylene, cyclohexylene, and combinations thereof. According to examples, B is selected from straight-chain or branched C6-C... 16 The group consisting of alkylene, phenylene, cyclohexylene and combinations thereof.

[0122] According to the examples, the dicarboxylic acid HOOC-B-COOH is selected from the group disclosed in Table II.

[0123] According to another preferred embodiment (E2c), these repeating units of the polyamide (PA) are substantially composed of or consist of the following: repeating unit (R PA ) and except (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA These repeating units (R) PA ) is a repeating unit (AB) formed by the condensation of diamine and dicarboxylic acid;

[0124] These repeating units (R) PAThe repeating unit (AB) is formed by the condensation of the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein:

[0125] The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of diamine (DA) as defined herein and optionally diamine NH2-A-NH2, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched C4-C7 alkylene, phenylene, xylene, and combinations thereof;

[0126] The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of, or consists of, dicarboxylic acid (DI) and optionally one or more components having the formula HOOC-(CH2). y dicarboxylic acid Y of -COOH, where y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16;

[0127] The proportion of aromatic repeating units is less than or equal to 10.0 mol.

[0128] According to another preferred embodiment (E2d), these repeating units of the polyamide (PA) are substantially composed of or consist of the following: repeating unit (R PA ) and except (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA These repeating units (R) PA ) is a repeating unit (AB) formed by the condensation of diamine and dicarboxylic acid.

[0129] These repeating units (R) PA The repeating unit (AB) is formed by the condensation of the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein:

[0130] The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of diamines (DA) as defined herein;

[0131] The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of, or consists of, dicarboxylic acid (DI) and one or more compounds having the formula HOOC-(CH2). y -COOH dicarboxylic acid Y, where y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16.

[0132] According to another preferred embodiment (E2e), these repeating units of the polyamide (PA) are substantially composed of or consist of the following: repeating unit (R PA ) and except (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA These repeating units (R) PA ) is a repeating unit (AB) formed by the condensation of a diamine and a dicarboxylic acid component.

[0133] These repeating units (R) PA The repeating unit (AB) is formed by the condensation of the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein:

[0134] The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of diamines (DA) as defined herein;

[0135] The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of dicarboxylic acid (DI) and optionally dicarboxylic acid HOOC-B-COOH, wherein B is selected from straight-chain or branched C6-C. 40 The group consisting of alkylene groups, cyclohexylene groups, and combinations thereof.

[0136] Now, regarding embodiment (E2) a-e Further details and examples are provided.

[0137] Phenylidene is typically p-phenylene with the following formula: Or having the following m-phenylene: Xylene typically has the formula... or .

[0138] Diamine NH2-A-NH2 is a diamine in which A is a straight-chain or branched C4-C7 alkylene group. The alkylene group particularly has the formula -(CH2). p - where p is an integer between 4 and 7. According to embodiments of this disclosure, the diamine is 1,6-hexanediamine (i.e., where p = 6).

[0139] Repeating unit (R) PA The proportion of ) is typically between 1.5 mol% and 70.0 mol%, preferably between 1.5 mol% and 55.0 mol%.

[0140] The amino acid is more specifically 11-aminoundecanoic acid. The lactam is more specifically lauryl lactam.

[0141] According to a preferred embodiment of this disclosure, the dicarboxylic acid component (B) comprises at least one having the formula HOOC-(CH2). y -COOH dicarboxylic acid Y, where y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16.

[0142] Example (E2f)

[0143] According to another preferred embodiment (E2f), the polyamide (PA) comprises at least 95.0 mol%, preferably at least 98.0 mol%, and preferably at least 99.0 mol% of repeating units derived from the condensation of the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein:

[0144] The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of IPDA and optionally one or more diamines selected from the group consisting of: aliphatic diamines having the formula H2N-Alk-NH2—where Alk represents C4-C 16 Straight-chain or branched alkylene compounds, 1,3-BAC, 1,4-BAC, and TMD and combinations thereof;

[0145] The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of dicarboxylic acids (DI) and optionally one or more dicarboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of: having the formula HOOC-(CH2). y -COOH dicarboxylic acid Y—where y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16, 1,4-CHDA and combinations thereof.

[0146] The diamine component (A) of Example (E2f) is essentially composed of or consists of IPDA and, optionally, one or more diamines selected from the group consisting of: an aliphatic diamine having the formula H2N-Alk-NH2—where Alk represents C4-C 16 Straight-chain or branched alkylene groups, 1,3-BAC, 1,4-BAC, and TMD, and combinations thereof. More specifically, the diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of IPDA and optionally one or more diamines selected from the group consisting of: aliphatic diamines having the formula H2N-Alk-NH2—where Alk represents C8-C6. 16Straight-chain or branched alkylene groups, 1,3-BAC, 1,4-BAC, and TMD, and combinations thereof. More specifically, the diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of IPDA and optionally one or more diamines selected from the group consisting of 1,3-BAC, 1,4-BAC, and TMD, and combinations thereof.

[0147] According to Example (E2f), the proportion of IPDA in the diamine component (A) is preferably ≥ 45.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 50.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 60.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 65.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 70.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 80.0 mol%, based on the total amount of diamine in the diamine component (A), and / or the proportion of DI in the dicarboxylic acid component (B) is preferably ≥ 30.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 45.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 48.0 mol%, based on the total amount of dicarboxylic acid in the dicarboxylic acid component (B).

[0148] According to embodiments of this disclosure, it has the formula HOOC-(CH2) y The dicarboxylic acid Y with -COOH is any of the dicarboxylic acids disclosed in Table II.

[0149] According to embodiments disclosed herein, y is preferably an integer greater than or equal to 11 (≥ 11) or greater than or equal to 12 (≥ 12).

[0150] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the polyamide (PA) has one of the following compositions or is selected from the group consisting of:

[0151] -IPDA.DI / IPDA.Y;

[0152] -IPDA / BAC-DI / Y;

[0153] -BAC.DI / BAC.Y;

[0154] -IPDA / TMD-DI / Y;

[0155] -TMD.DI / TMD.Y;

[0156] -IPDA.DI / IPDA.CHDA / IPDA.Y;

[0157] in:

[0158] -DI is either BCDA or EDCA or a combination of BCDA and EDCA;

[0159] -Y represents one or more formulas with the expression HOOC-(CH2). yThe dicarboxylic acid of -COOH, wherein y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16; y is preferably HOOC-(CH2). 14 -COOH, HOOC-(CH2) 15 -COOH, HOOC-(CH2) 16 -COOH or HOOC-(CH2) 36 -COOH;

[0160] -CHDA represents 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid;

[0161] -BAC represents 1,3-BAC and / or 1,4-BAC, with BAC preferably being 1,3-BAC.

[0162] The polyamide (PA) can be any of the polyamides described in claim 27.

[0163] The molar ratio DI / Y is preferably at least 30.0 / 70.0, and more preferably at least 45.0 / 55.0.

[0164] According to the embodiment, the molar ratio DI / Y is:

[0165] - 45.0 / 55.0 to 95.0 / 5.0; or

[0166] - 45.0 / 55.0 to 85.0 / 15.0; or

[0167] - 65.0 / 35.0 to 85.0 / 15.0; or

[0168] - 65.0 / 35.0 to 75.0 / 25.0;

[0169] - 75.0 / 25.0 to 85.0 / 15.0.

[0170] For IPDA / BAC-DI / Y, the molar ratio of IPDA / BAC is preferably 45 / 55 to 95 / 5, more preferably 45 / 55 to 85 / 15. This molar ratio can be 60 / 15 to 85 / 15.

[0171] For IPDA / TMD-DI / Y, the molar ratio of IPDA / TMD is preferably 45 / 55 to 95 / 5, more preferably 45 / 55 to 85 / 15. This molar ratio can be 60 / 15 to 85 / 15.

[0172] For IPDA.DI / IPDA.CHDA / IPDA.Y, the preferred proportions of dicarboxylic acids are as follows: DI: 30.0 to 60.0 mol%, CHDA: 30.0 to 60.0 mol%, and Y: 10.0 to 20.0 mol%.

[0173] According to a preferred embodiment of this disclosure, the diamine component (A) consists of the indicated diamine, and the dicarboxylic acid component (B) consists of the indicated dicarboxylic acid.

[0174] According to another preferred embodiment of this disclosure, these repeating units of the polyamide (PA) are composed of repeating units (R) as described herein. PA Composed of or composed of repeating units (R) as described herein. PA ) and (R PA Composition.

[0175] Glass transition temperature (Tg)

[0176] Polyamide (PA) exhibits a Tg of at least 100.0°C, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) according to ASTM D3418, particularly at a heating and cooling rate of 20°C / min.

[0177] Tg is preferably at least 120.0°C, preferably at least 130.0°C, preferably at least 140.0°C, preferably at least 150.0°C, preferably at least 160.0°C, and preferably at least 165.0°C.

[0178] Tg is preferably at most 200.0°C to facilitate melt processing of the polyamide.

[0179] Temperature (Tg) is typically between 100.0°C and 250.0°C. Preferably, Tg is between 100.0°C and 200.0°C.

[0180] Tg was measured specifically according to the method provided in the experimental section.

[0181] amorphous or semi-crystalline polyamide

[0182] Polyamide (PA) can be amorphous or semi-crystalline.

[0183] According to the examples, the polyamide (PA) is a semi-crystalline polyamide exhibiting a heat of fusion (Hm) greater than or equal to 6.0 J / g.

[0184] The polyamide (PA) is preferably a semi-crystalline polyamide exhibiting a heat of fusion (Hm) greater than or equal to 30.0 J / g (≥ 30.0 J / g). Hm is preferably at least 50.0 J / g. Hm may more particularly be between 30.0 and 100.0 J / g. According to this embodiment, the polyamide (PA) may exhibit a melting temperature (Tm) of at least 180.0°C as determined according to ASTM D3418. Tm is preferably at least 200.0°C. Hm may be at least 350°C. Tm is typically at most 370.0°C.

[0185] Hm and Tm were measured by DSC according to ASTM D3418 at a heating and cooling rate of 20°C / min, and more specifically by the method provided in the experimental section.

[0186] C / N ratio

[0187] Polyamide (PA) preferably exhibits an average (C / N) ratio of at least 10.0 (denoted as (C / N)). av (C / N) av Calculated by considering the (C / N) molar ratio of the amide repeating units in polyamide (PA):

[0188]

[0189] in:

[0190] p i and (C / N) i These are the proportions in mol% and (C / N) molar ratios of repeating units numbered i with the general formula -C(=O)-G-NH-, where G is a divalent group composed of C and H atoms or C, H, N and O atoms;

[0191] (C / N) i = The number of C atoms in the repeating unit numbered i / The number of N atoms in the repeating unit numbered i.

[0192] For example, for copolyamide E6 with 70 mol% IPDA.BCDA and 30 mol% IPDA.16:

[0193] - The (C / N) ratio of IPDA.BCDA = (10+14) / 2 = 12;

[0194] - The (C / N) ratio of IPDA.16 = (10+16) / 2 = 13;

[0195] - C / N ratio of polyamide (PA) av = 70% x 12 + 30% x 13 = 12.3.

[0196] (C / N) av By adding units (R) PA The proportion of ) and / or obtained by increasing the proportion of monomers with a high (C / N) ratio, such as those with the formula HOOC-(CH2). y -COOH dicarboxylic acids, where y is an integer ≥ 7, especially between 7 and 40, and more particularly between 7 and 16.

[0197] (C / N) av It is at least 10.0. (C / N) av Preferably, it is greater than or equal to 11.0. (C / N) av Typically between 10.0 and 18.0.

[0198] (C / N) av It can be easily determined experimentally through elemental analysis.

[0199] Molecular weight and intrinsic viscosity

[0200] Polyamides (PAs) typically have a number-average molecular weight (“M”) ranging from 5,000 g / mol to 40,000 g / mol. n M n More specifically, it can be 5,000 g / mol to 30,000 g / mol.

[0201] Polyamides (PAs) typically exhibit a weight-average molecular weight (“M”) of at least 8,000 g / mol, preferably at least 10,000 g / mol, and more preferably at least 20,000 g / mol. w M w Typically, it is at most 50,000 g / mol. Mw can range from 8,000 g / mol to 100,000 g / mol. w More specifically, it can be 10,000 g / mol to 30,000 g / mol.

[0202] M n and M w It was determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) under the conditions provided in the experimental section.

[0203] Polyamides (PAs) can also exhibit number-average molecular weights (“M”) ranging from 5,000 g / mol to 40,000 g / mol. n M n More specifically, it can be 5,000 g / mol to 30,000 g / mol. M n It is determined using the following equation (1): M n = 2,000,000 / [EG] (1), where [EG] is the proportion of terminal groups in PA, expressed in mmol / kg. The proportion of terminal groups is usually determined by... 1 Quantification can be achieved using 1H NMR spectroscopy or potentiometric techniques.

[0204] The intrinsic viscosity (IV) of the polyamide (PA) is preferably at least 0.30 dL / g, preferably at least 0.40 dL / g, and preferably at least 0.50 dL / g. IV is typically between 0.30 and 1.70 dL / g. IV is measured according to ASTM D5225 using a mixture of phenol and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (60 / 40 weight ratio).

[0205] End groups of polyamide (PA)

[0206] The end groups of polyamides (PAs) are selected from the group consisting of -NH2, -COOH, and amide end groups. In fact, the end groups in polyamides (PAs) can be either -NH2 or -COOH. However, when polycondensation (as disclosed below) involves the addition of end-capping agents selected from the group consisting of monocarboxylic acids, primary amines, and combinations thereof, these end groups can be partially or completely converted to amide end groups.

[0207] The amide terminal group has the formula -NH-C(=O)-R, where R is alkyl, aryl, or cycloalkyl, and / or has the formula -C(=O)-NH-R', where R' is alkyl or cycloalkyl. R is more particularly linear or branched C1-C. 18 Alkyl or C5-C 10 Cycloalkyl. R' is more particularly a straight-chain or branched C2-C. 18 alkyl.

[0208] Amide end groups with the formula -NH-C(=O)-R are produced by the reaction of the end group -NH2 with a monocarboxylic acid (end capping agent) having the formula R-COOH.

[0209] Monocarboxylic acids (capping agents) can be advantageously selected from the group consisting of: benzoic acid; cyclohexanoic acid; R-COOH, where R is a straight-chain or branched C1-C. 18 Alkyl groups; and combinations of two or more of these acids. R is a group derived from an acid having the formula R-COOH.

[0210] Monocarboxylic acids (capping agents) may be more specifically selected from the group consisting of: acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, hexanoic acid, lauric acid, stearic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, cyclohexanoic acid, benzoic acid, and combinations of two or more of these acids.

[0211] Monocarboxylic acids (capping agents) are particularly characterized by the formula CH3-(CH2). n -COOH, where n is an integer between 0 and 17. The amide terminal group has the formula -NH-C(=O)-(CH2). n -CH3.

[0212] The amide end group with the formula -C(=O)-NH-R' is generated by the reaction of the end group -COOH with a primary amine (end capping agent) having the formula R'-NH2.

[0213] Primary amines (capping agents) can be advantageously selected from the group consisting of amines having the formula R'-NH2, wherein R' is a straight-chain or branched C2-C. 18 Alkyl group. R' is a group derived from an amine having the formula R'-NH2.

[0214] Primary amines (capping agents) are more specifically characterized by the formula CH3-(CH2). n' -NH2, where n' is an integer between 1 and 17. The amide terminal group has the formula -C(=O)-NH-(CH2). n' -CH3.

[0215] Primary amines (capping agents) may be more specifically selected from the group consisting of: propylamine, butylamine, pentylamine, hexylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, n-octylamine, n-dodecylamine, n-tetradecylamine, n-hexadecylamine, stearylamine, cyclohexylamine, and combinations of two or more of these amines.

[0216] Preparation of polyamide (PA)

[0217] Polyamide (PA) is prepared by polycondensation.

[0218] Polyamide (PA) is prepared by polycondensation by heating a reaction mixture (RM) containing, substantially consisting of, or consisting of the following:

[0219] - Essentially composed of or a mixture of monomers (MM) comprising all the monomers constituting the polyamide (PA);

[0220] - The catalyst may be selected, particularly from the group consisting of phosphorous acid, orthophosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, alkali metal hypophosphite such as sodium hypophosphite and phenylphosphonic acid;

[0221] - Optionally, at least one end-capping agent;

[0222] - Optionally, water, preferably less than 80.0 wt.% or more preferably less than 50.0 wt.%, is used, the proportion of which is based on the total weight of the reaction mixture (RM).

[0223] As is well known in polycondensation, the reaction mixture (RM) contains a certain amount of all the monomers such that the ratio of -COOH from dicarboxylic acids and amino acids (if any) and the ratio of -NH2 groups from diamines and amino acids (if any) are substantially equimolar. This molar ratio [-COOH] / [-NH2] typically includes between 0.9 and 1.1, preferably between 0.95 and 1.05, and even more preferably between 0.98 and 1.02.

[0224] The reaction mixture (RM) typically contains a catalyst. The catalyst can be selected from the group consisting of phosphorous acid, orthophosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, alkali metal hypophosphite such as sodium hypophosphite, and phenylphosphine. Phosphorous acid is a convenient catalyst to use.

[0225] To control molar mass, the reaction mixture (RM) may further contain at least one capping agent as disclosed above.

[0226] The reaction mixture must be heated to a sufficiently high temperature to initiate the reaction between the amine and carboxyl groups and reduce the viscosity of the mixture. This temperature is typically at least 140°C, and more particularly at least 200°C. Polycondensation leads to the formation of amide bonds and the release of water as a byproduct.

[0227] The temperature can be gradually increased during the polycondensation process. An example of gradual temperature increase is given in Example E4, and this example can be followed to prepare the polyamide of the present invention.

[0228] Polycondensation is advantageously carried out in a well-stirred vessel equipped with a device for removing volatile products of the reaction. As the viscosity of the reaction mixture increases over time, the stirrer is adapted to provide adequate stirring of the reaction mixture at the beginning of polymerization and when the conversion of polycondensation is nearing completion.

[0229] Any of the conditions disclosed in the experimental section can be conveniently used to prepare polyamide (PA).

[0230] Polymer composition (C)

[0231] In a second aspect, the present invention also relates to a polymer composition (C) comprising:

[0232] - At least one polyamide (PA) as disclosed herein;

[0233] - Optionally, at least one filler (F);

[0234] - At least one polymer additive, which is not a filler, and is particularly selected from the group consisting of: heat stabilizers, UV stabilizers, colorants, antistatic agents, nucleating agents, and combinations of two or more of the additives;

[0235] - Optionally, at least one polyamide other than polyamide (PA).

[0236] The proportion of polyamide (PA) in the polymer composition (C) is preferably at least 30.0 wt%, based on the total weight of the polymer composition (C). This proportion is typically from 30.0 wt% to 100.0 wt%, or from 30.0 to 90.0 wt%, or from 50.0 to 90.0 wt%.

[0237] The polymer, filler (if any), and polymer additives in the polymer composition (C) are typically blended.

[0238] The proportion of polymer additives in the polymer composition (C) can be between 0 and 10.0 wt%, based on the total weight of the polymer composition (C). This proportion is typically between 0.5 and 10.0 wt%.

[0239] The polymer composition (C) may also contain a polyamide that is different from the polyamide (PA).

[0240] The polymer composition (C) preferably exhibits the mechanical properties described above. Similarly, the polymer composition (C) preferably exhibits the optical properties described above.

[0241] The polymer composition (C) is prepared by a compounding method, which includes the steps of melting one or more polymers and mixing them with other components of the polymer composition (C). Any equipment typically used for compounding can be a melt mixer, such as a single-screw extruder or a twin-screw extruder; a single-screw or twin-screw kneader or a Banbury mixer. Compounding methods can also be conveniently performed using extruders such as single-screw or twin-screw extruders.

[0242] Uses of polyamide (PA) and polymer composition (C)

[0243] Polyamide (PA) or polymer composition (C) can be used to prepare articles, especially transparent or translucent articles, and especially transparent or translucent articles used in daily life.

[0244] Articles can be, in particular, containers or any of the articles defined herein.

[0245] These articles are typically made from polyamide (PA) or polymer compositions (C) by injection molding.

[0246] Polyamide (PA) and polymer composition (C) can be used to prepare decorative articles (especially automotive interiors); sporting goods (especially the insoles of ski boots and athletic shoes); toys; household goods (especially containers, plates, bowls, jars, beakers, baby bottles, beverage bottles, and kitchen utensil parts); eyeglass parts (especially eyeglass frames or temples, and safety goggles); medical articles (especially containers and syringes); and smartphone parts (especially protective cases).

[0247] Products that can be sterilized by hot steam in the medical field, such as medical tools, catheters, instruments, equipment housings, connectors, valves, inhalers, fittings, containers, and flexible or rigid tubing in medical devices for breathing air and / or body fluids.

[0248] Many device components that come into contact with hot steam are conceivable, such as steam spray nozzles in coffee machines, household appliances, steam cookers and steam cleaners, kitchen utensils and lids (especially for microwave devices), pot lids, curling irons, combs, drying hoods or tubes.

[0249] [Experimental Section]

[0250] Products used

[0251] Table 1

[0252]

[0253] Thermal properties (Tg, Tm, Hm)

[0254] The thermal properties of the polymer were assessed according to ASTM D3418 by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

[0255] Amorphous samples were analyzed between 0°C and 350°C, with a heating and cooling rate of 20°C / min. Semi-crystalline samples were analyzed between 0°C and 380°C, with a heating and cooling rate of 20°C / min.

[0256] Tg, Tm, and Hm were measured from the second heat ramp scan.

[0257] SEC

[0258] Molecular weights Mn and Mw were measured by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) (PMMA standard; detector: refractive index detector).

[0259] Preparation of semi-crystalline polyamide (E1)

[0260] 5.000 g (19.66 mmol) of BCDA, 3.455 g (20.05 mmol) of C10 diamine, 0.003 g (0.04 mmol) of phosphorous acid, and 4.165 g of water were placed in a glass test tube and placed inside a stainless steel autoclave reactor. The reactor was sealed, assembled into the reaction apparatus, and purged three times with nitrogen until a positive pressure of approximately 10 psi was achieved. The internal temperature was then gradually increased to 285°C over a period of approximately 3.5 hours. Consequently, the internal pressure increased to a maximum of 275–300 psi with increasing temperature. After 3.5 hours, the pressure was gradually released (steam / nitrogen) through a distillation path to remove water. The final step reached a maximum temperature of 320°C, during which nitrogen flowed through the reactor for 30 minutes to remove residual moisture and complete the polymerization. After this final step, the autoclave was cooled to room temperature, and the test tube containing the polymer was removed and the sample retrieved. The polymerization produced an opaque, semi-crystalline polymer plug.

[0261] Preparation of amorphous polyamide (E4)

[0262] 2.500 g (9.83 mmol) of t,t-BCDA, 2.815 g (9.83 mmol) of C16 diacid, 3.448 g (20.25 mmol) of IPDA, 0.04 mmol of phosphorous acid, and 4.316 g of DI water were placed in a glass test tube inside a stainless steel autoclave reactor. The reactor was sealed, assembled into the reaction apparatus, and purged three times with nitrogen to a final positive pressure of approximately 10 psi. The internal temperature was then gradually increased to 285°C over a period of approximately 3.5 hours. The internal pressure increased to a maximum of 275–300 psi with increasing temperature. After 3.5 hours, the pressure was gradually released (steam / nitrogen) through a distillation path to remove water. The final step reached a maximum temperature of 320°C, during which nitrogen flowed through the reactor for 30 minutes to remove residual moisture and complete the polymerization. After the final step, the autoclave was cooled to room temperature, and the test tube containing the polymer was removed and the sample retrieved. The polymerization produces a transparent, amorphous polymer plug.

[0263] Preparation of amorphous polyamide (E5)

[0264] 1.142 g (4.5 mmol) of BCDA, 0.497 g (1.9 mmol) of C14 diacid, and 1.09 g (6.4 mmol) of IPDA were introduced into a glass tube. The glass tube was placed under a nitrogen flow and inserted into a metal heating block, and the temperature was gradually increased to 320°C over 60 min. After reaching 320°C, the reaction mixture was maintained at 320°C for another 30 min, and then the glass tube was removed from the heating block and allowed to cool to approximately 20°C.

[0265] Preparation of amorphous polyamide (E8)

[0266] 109.7 g (389 mmol) of EDCA, 25.1 g (96 mmol) of C14 diacid, 83.5 g (491 mmol) of IPDA, and 1.06 g (0.65 mmol) of a dilute aqueous solution of phosphorous acid were charged into a stainless steel autoclave reactor equipped with a twin-ribbon mechanical stirrer (20 rpm). The autoclave was purged with nitrogen, then sealed, and the temperature in the reactor was gradually increased to 290°C while the pressure was adjusted to 11 bar. After reaching 290°C, the pressure was gradually reduced to 1 bar while the temperature was further increased to 300°C. The pressure was then further reduced to approximately 400 mbar, and the reaction mixture was maintained at 300°C / 400 mbar for 10 min. The pressure was restored to 1 bar by nitrogen, and the polymer was discharged as a filament and granulated.

[0267] 1 psi = 0.0689475729 bar

[0268] As can be seen below, the polyamides of the present invention exhibit high Tg and low water absorption (see high C / N ratio). Furthermore, the polyamides of the present invention are typically amorphous. This combination of properties makes them suitable for the applications indicated herein.

[0269] .

Claims

1. A polyamide (PA) exhibiting a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least 100.0°C—Tg determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) according to ASTM D3418, particularly at a heating and cooling rate of 20°C / min—and comprising repeating units (R) having the following formula: PA ): in: X is o key; or o-(CR a R b ) x -, where x is 2 and R a and R b Independently selected from the group consisting of H and (C1-C2)-alkyl; R1 represents at least one C8-C derived from the group consisting of the following: 16 The divalent groups of diamines (DA) are: (i) aliphatic diamines having the formula H2N-Alk-NH2, where Alk represents a straight-chain or branched alkylene group; (ii) diamines containing one or two cyclohexane rings; and (iii) combinations thereof. Among them, the repeating unit (R) in polyamide (PA) PA The proportion is at least 30.0 mol%, preferably at least 45.0 mol%, based on the total amount of repeating units in the polyamide (PA).

2. The polyamide (PA) according to claim 1, wherein: These aliphatic diamines (i) are selected from the group consisting of: H2N-(CH2)8-NH2, H2N-(CH2)9-NH2, H2N-(CH2) 10 -NH2、H2N-(CH2) 12 -NH2, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine (2,2,4-TMD), 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine (2,4,4-TMD) and combinations thereof; and / or - These diamines (ii) containing one or two cyclohexane rings are selected from the group consisting of: IPDA (isophorone diamine), 1,3-BAC (1,3-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane), and 1,4-BAC (1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane): , , , and their combinations.

3. The polyamide (PA) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, Diamines (DA) are selected from the group consisting of: H2N-(CH2)8-NH2, H2N-(CH2)9-NH2, H2N-(CH2) 10 -NH2,H2N-(CH2) 12 -NH2, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine (2,2,4-TMD), 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine (2,4,4-TMD), having the following corresponding formulas: IPDA (isophorone diamine), 1,3-BAC (1,3-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane), 1,4-BAC (1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane): , , , and their combinations.

4. The polyamide (PA) according to claims 1-3, wherein, Diamine (DA) is a combination of diamines selected from diamine (i) and / or diamine (ii).

5. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, X is a bond or -(CH2CH2)-.

6. The polyamide according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, These repeating units of polyamide (PA) are basically composed of or consist of the following: repeating unit (R PA The phrase "consisting essentially of..." means that these repeating units of polyamide (PA) are composed of (R... PA And up to 1.5 mol%, preferably up to 1.0 mol%, preferably up to 0.5 mol%, of which (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA The composition is based on the total amount of repeating units in polyamide (PA).

7. The polyamide according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, These repeating units of polyamide (PA) consist of repeating units (R) PA Composition.

8. The polyamide according to claim 1, claim 6, or claim 7, wherein, - (R PA It is formed by the condensation of BCDA and H2N-(CH2)9-NH2; or - (R PA It is composed of BCDA and H2N-(CH2) 10 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or - (R PA It is composed of BCDA and H2N-(CH2) 11 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or - (R PA It is composed of BCDA and H2N-(CH2) 12 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or - (R PA It is formed by the condensation of BCDA and IPDA; or - (R PA It is formed by the condensation of EDCA and H2N-(CH2)9-NH2; or - (R PA It is composed of EDCA and H2N-(CH2) 10 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or - (R PA It is composed of EDCA and H2N-(CH2) 11 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or - (R PA It is composed of EDCA and H2N-(CH2) 12 Formed by the condensation of -NH2; or - (R PA It is formed by the condensation of EDCA and IPDA; Where BCDA and EDCA represent dicarboxylic acids having the following formula: and .

9. A polyamide, particularly a polyamide according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, Polyamide (PA) has one of the following components or is selected from the group consisting of: -DA.DI; -9.DI; -10.DI; -11.DI; -12.DI; -IPDA.DI; Wherein the diacid DI is BCDA or EDCA or a combination of BCDA and EDCA; the diamine DA has the meaning indicated in claim 1, 2 or 3; and 9, 10, 11, 12 respectively represent having the formula H2N-(CH2)9-NH2, H2N-(CH2) 10 -NH2、H2N-(CH2) 11 -NH2 and H2N-(CH2) 12 -NH2 diamine.

10. The polyamide according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, These repeating units of the polyamide (PA) are essentially composed of the following or are composed of the following: -Repeating unit (R) PA );as well as -Except for (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA These repeating units (R) PA Selected from the group consisting of: (i) repeating units (AB) formed by the condensation of diamines and dicarboxylic acids; (ii) derived from lactams; (iii) derived from amino acids; and combinations thereof; These repeating units (R) PA The repeating unit (AB) is formed by the condensation of the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein: The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of diamines (DA) as defined herein and optionally diamines NH2-A-NH2, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched C4-C7 alkylene, phenylene, xylene, and combinations thereof; The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of the following: having the formula The dicarboxylic acid (DI) and optionally the dicarboxylic acid HOOC-B-COOH, wherein B is selected from either a straight-chain or branched C6-C chain. 40 The group consisting of alkylene, phenylene, and cyclohexylene and combinations thereof; The proportion of aromatic repeating units is less than or equal to 10.0 mol% The phrase "basically composed of..." refers to the repeating units in polyamide (PA), specifically those composed of repeating units (R...). PA ), (R PA And up to 1.5 mol%, preferably up to 1.0 mol%, preferably up to 0.5 mol%, of which (R) PA ) and (R PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA The composition is based on the total amount of repeating units in polyamide (PA).

11. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, These repeating units of polyamide (PA) are basically composed of the following or consist of the following: - Repeating unit (R) PA );as well as - Except (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA These repeating units (R) PA ) is a repeating unit (AB) formed by the condensation of diamine and dicarboxylic acid; These repeating units (R) PA The repeating unit (AB) is formed by the condensation of the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein: The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of diamine (DA) and optionally diamine NH2-A-NH2, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched C4-C7 alkylene, phenylene, xylene, and combinations thereof; The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of the following: having the formula The dicarboxylic acid (DI) and optionally the dicarboxylic acid HOOC-B-COOH, wherein B is selected from either a straight-chain or branched C6-C chain. 40 The group consisting of alkylene, phenylene, cyclohexylene and combinations thereof; The proportion of aromatic repeating units is less than or equal to 10.0 mol% The phrase "basically composed of..." refers to the repeating units in polyamide (PA), specifically those composed of repeating units (R...). PA ), (R PA And up to 1.5 mol%, preferably up to 1.0 mol%, preferably up to 0.5 mol%, of which (R) PA ) and (R PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA The composition is based on the total amount of repeating units in polyamide (PA).

12. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, These repeating units of polyamide (PA) are basically composed of the following or consist of the following: - Repeating unit (R) PA );as well as - Except (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA These repeating units (R) PA ) is a repeating unit (AB) formed by the condensation of diamine and dicarboxylic acid; These repeating units (R) PA The repeating unit (AB) is formed by the condensation of the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein: The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of diamine (DA) and optionally diamine NH2-A-NH2, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched C4-C7 alkylene, phenylene, xylene, and combinations thereof; The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of the following: having the formula The dicarboxylic acid (DI) and optionally one or more having the formula HOOC-(CH2). y dicarboxylic acid Y of -COOH, where y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16; The proportion of aromatic repeating units is less than or equal to 10.0 mol% The phrase "basically composed of..." refers to the repeating units in polyamide (PA), specifically those composed of repeating units (R...). PA ), (R PA And up to 1.5 mol%, preferably up to 1.0 mol%, preferably up to 0.5 mol%, of which (R) PA ) and (R PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA The composition is based on the total amount of repeating units in polyamide (PA).

13. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, These repeating units of polyamide (PA) are basically composed of the following or consist of the following: - Repeating unit (R) PA );as well as - Except (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA These repeating units (R) PA ) is a repeating unit (AB) formed by the condensation of diamine and dicarboxylic acid; These repeating units (R) PA The repeating unit (AB) is formed by the condensation of the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein: The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of the following: diamine (DA); The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of the following: having the formula dicarboxylic acids (DI) and one or more compounds having the formula HOOC-(CH2) y dicarboxylic acid Y of -COOH, where y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16; The phrase "basically composed of..." refers to the repeating units in polyamide (PA), specifically those composed of repeating units (R...). PA ), (R PA And up to 1.5 mol%, preferably up to 1.0 mol%, preferably up to 0.5 mol%, of which (R) PA ) and (R PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA The composition is based on the total amount of repeating units in polyamide (PA).

14. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, These repeating units of the polyamide (PA) are essentially composed of the following or are composed of the following: - Repeating unit (R) PA ); - and except (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA These repeating units (R) PA ) is a repeating unit (AB) formed by the condensation of diamine and dicarboxylic acid; in: The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of the following: diamine (DA); The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of dicarboxylic acid (DI) and one or more compounds having the formula HOOC-(CH2). y dicarboxylic acid Y of -COOH, where y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16; The phrase "basically composed of..." refers to the repeating units in polyamide (PA), specifically those composed of repeating units (R...). PA ), (R PA And up to 1.5 mol%, preferably up to 1.0 mol%, preferably up to 0.5 mol%, of which (R) PA ) and (R PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA The composition is based on the total amount of repeating units in polyamide (PA).

15. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, These repeating units of the polyamide (PA) are essentially composed of the following or are composed of the following: -Repeating unit (R) PA );as well as -Except for (R) PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA These repeating units (R) PA ) is a repeating unit (AB) formed by the condensation of diamine and dicarboxylic acid. These repeating units (R) PA The repeating unit (AB) is formed by the condensation of the diamine component (A) and the dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein: The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of the following: diamine (DA); The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of dicarboxylic acid (DI) and optionally dicarboxylic acid HOOC-B-COOH, wherein B is selected from straight-chain or branched C6-C. 40 The group consisting of alkylene groups, cyclohexylene groups, and combinations thereof; The phrase "basically composed of..." refers to the repeating units in polyamide (PA), specifically those composed of repeating units (R...). PA ), (R PA And up to 1.5 mol%, preferably up to 1.0 mol%, preferably up to 0.5 mol%, of which (R) PA ) and (R PA Repeating units other than ) (R) PA The composition is based on the total amount of repeating units in polyamide (PA).

16. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 9-15, wherein, Repeating unit (R) in polyamide (PA) PA The proportion of ) is between 1.5 mol% and 70.0 mol%, preferably between 1.5 mol% and 55.0 mol%.

17. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 9-16, wherein, These repeating units of polyamide (PA) consist of repeating units (R) PA ) and (R PA Composition.

18. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 9-17, wherein, The dicarboxylic acid component (B) contains at least one compound having the formula HOOC-(CH2). y The dicarboxylic acid Y of -COOH, wherein y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16, and preferably y ≥ 11 or 12.

19. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The polyamide (PA) comprises at least 95.0 mol%, preferably at least 98.0 mol%, and more preferably at least 99.0 mol%, repeating units derived from the condensation of a diamine component (A) and a dicarboxylic acid component (B), wherein: The diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of IPDA and optionally one or more diamines selected from the group consisting of: aliphatic diamines having the formula H2N-Alk-NH2—where Alk represents C4-C 16 Straight-chain or branched alkylene compounds, 1,3-BAC, 1,4-BAC, and TMD and combinations thereof; The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of dicarboxylic acids (DI) and optionally one or more dicarboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of: having the formula HOOC-(CH2). y -COOH dicarboxylic acid Y—where y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16, 1,4-CHDA and combinations thereof.

20. The polyamide (PA) according to claim 19, wherein: - This diamine component (A) is essentially composed of or consists of IPDA and optionally one or more diamines selected from the group consisting of: aliphatic diamines having the formula H2N-Alk-NH2—where Alk represents C8-C 16 Straight-chain or branched alkylene groups, 1,3-BAC, 1,4-BAC, and TMD, and combinations thereof; or the diamine component (A) is substantially composed of IPDA and optionally one or more diamines selected from the group consisting of 1,3-BAC, 1,4-BAC, and TMD, and combinations thereof; and / or - The dicarboxylic acid component (B) is essentially composed of or consists of: a dicarboxylic acid (DI) and optionally one or more components selected from those having the formula HOOC-(CH2). y The dicarboxylic acid group Y of -COOH, where y is an integer between 7 and 40 or between 7 and 16.

21. The polyamide (PA) according to claim 19 or 20, wherein, The proportion of IPDA in the diamine component (A) is preferably ≥ 45.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 50.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 60.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 65.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 70.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 80.0 mol%, based on the total amount of diamine in the diamine component (A), and / or the proportion of DI in the dicarboxylic acid component (B) is preferably ≥ 30.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 45.0 mol%, preferably ≥ 48.0 mol%, based on the total amount of dicarboxylic acid in the dicarboxylic acid component (B).

22. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 12-21, wherein, y is an integer ≥ 11 or ≥ 12.

23. A polyamide (PA), particularly a polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, Polyamide (PA) has one of the following components or is selected from the group consisting of: -IPDA.DI / IPDA.Y; -IPDA / BAC-DI / Y; -BAC.DI / BAC.Y; -IPDA / TMD-DI / Y; -TMD.DI / TMD.Y; -IPDA.DI / IPDA.CHDA / IPDA.Y; in: -DI is either BCDA or EDCA or a combination of BCDA and EDCA; -Y represents one or more formulas with the expression HOOC-(CH2). y The dicarboxylic acid of -COOH, wherein y is an integer from 7 to 40, 7 to 16, or 11 to 16; y is preferably HOOC-(CH2). 14 -COOH, HOOC-(CH2) 15 -COOH, HOOC-(CH2) 16 -COOH or HOOC-(CH2) 36 -COOH; -CHDA represents 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid; -BAC represents 1,3-BAC and / or 1,4-BAC, with BAC preferably being 1,3-BAC.

24. The polyamide (PA) according to claim 23, wherein the molar ratio DI / Y is at least 30.0 / 70.0, preferably at least 45.0 / 55.0, and preferably at least 48.0 / 42.

0.

25. The polyamide (PA) according to claim 23 or 24, wherein, The molar ratio DI / Y is - 45.0 / 55.0 to 95.0 / 5.0; or - 45.0 / 55.0 to 85.0 / 15.0; or - 65.0 / 35.0 to 85.0 / 15.0; or - 65.0 / 35.0 to 75.0 / 25.0; - 75.0 / 25.0 to 85.0 / 15.

0.

26. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of claims 23-25, wherein: -For IPDA / BAC-DI / Y, the molar ratio of IPDA / BAC is 45 / 55 to 95 / 5, preferably 45 / 55 to 85 / 15; -For IPDA / TMD-DI / Y, the molar ratio of IPDA / TMD is 45 / 55 to 95 / 5, preferably 45 / 55 to 85 / 15; - For IPDA.DI / IPDA.CHDA / IPDA.Y, the proportions of these dicarboxylic acids are as follows: DI: 30.0 to 60.0 mol%, CHDA: 30.0 to 60.0 mol%, and Y: 10.0 to 20.0 mol%.

27. A polyamide (PA), particularly a polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, selected from the group consisting of or any one of the following: -9.BCDA; 10.BCDA; 11.BCDA; 12.BCDA; -9.EDCA; 10.EDCA; 11.EDCA; 12.EDCA; -IPDA.EDCA; IPDA.BCDA; -IPDA.BCDA / IPDA.13; IPDA.EDCA / IPDA.13; IPDA.BCDA / IPDA.14; IPDA.EDCA / IPDA.14; IPDA.BCDA / IPDA.15; IPDA.EDCA / IPDA.15 ;IPDA.BCDA / IPDA.16; IPDA.EDCA / IPDA.16; IPDA.BCDA / IPDA.18; IPDA.EDCA / IPDA.18; IPDA.BCDA / IPDA.36; IPDA.EDCA / IPDA.36; -IPDA / BAC-BCDA / 13;IPDA / BAC-EDCA / 13;IPDA / BAC-BCDA / 14;IPDA / BAC-EDCA / 14;IPDA / BAC-BCDA / 15;IPDA / BAC-EDCA / 15;IPDA / BAC-BCDA / 16;IPDA / BAC-EDCA / 16;IPDA / BAC-BCDA / 18;IPDA / BAC-EDCA / 18;IPDA / BAC-BCDA / 36;IPDA / BAC-EDCA / 36; -BAC.BCDA / BAC.13;BAC.EDCA / BAC.13;BAC.BCDA / BAC.14;BAC.EDCA / BAC.14;BAC.BCDA / BAC.15;BAC.EDCA / BAC.15;BAC.BCDA / BAC.16;BAC.EDCA / BAC.16;BAC.BCDA / BAC.18;BAC.EDCA / BAC.18;BAC.BCDA / BAC.36;BAC.EDCA / BAC.36; -IPDA / TMD-BCDA / 13;IPDA / TMD-EDCA / 13;IPDA / TMD-BCDA / 14;IPDA / TMD-EDCA / 14;IPDA / TMD-BCDA / 15;IPDA / TMD-EDCA / 15 ;IPDA / TMD-BCDA / 16;IPDA / TMD-EDCA / 16;IPDA / TMD-BCDA / 18;IPDA / TMD-EDCA / 18;IPDA / TMD-BCDA / 36;IPDA / TMD-EDCA / 36; -TMD.BCDA / TMD.13;TMD.EDCA / TMD.13;TMD.BCDA / TMDA.14;TMD. EDCA / TMD.14;TMD.BCDA / TMD.15;TMD.EDCA / TMD.15;TMD.BCDA / TMD.16;TMD.EDCA / / TMD.16;TMD.BCDA / TMD.18;TMD.EDCA / TMD.18;TMD.BCDA / TMD.36;TMD.EDCA / TMD.36; -IPDA.BCDA / IPDA.CHDA / IPDA.13; IPDA.EDCA / IPDA.CHDA / IPDA.13; IPDA.BCDA / IPDA.CHDA / IPDA.14; IPDA.EDCA / IPDA.CHDA / IPDA.14; ;IPDA.BCDA / IPDA.CHDA / IPDA.16; IPDA.EDCA / IPD.CHDA / IPDA.16; IPDA.BCDA / IPDA.CHDA / IPDA.18; IPDA.EDCA / IPDA.CHDA / IPDA.18; Where BCDA and EDCA represent dicarboxylic acids having the following formula: and ; Where CHDA represents 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid; Where 9, 10, 11, and 12 represent the formulas H2N-(CH2)9-NH2 and H2N-(CH2), respectively. 10 -NH2、H2N-(CH2) 11 -NH2 and H2N-(CH2) 12 -NH2 diamine; Where 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, and 36 represent formulas with the following expression: HOOC-(CH2) y The number of C atoms in the dicarboxylic acid Y of -COOH, where y is an integer; Where IPDA represents having the formula diamine Where TMD represents 2,2,4-TMD, 2,4,4-TMD, or a mixture of 2,2,4-TMD and 2,4,4-TMD; Where BAC represents 1,3-BAC and / or 1,4-BAC having the following corresponding formulas: and The preferred BAC is 1,3-BAC.

28. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The proportion of aromatic repeating units in the polyamide (PA) is less than or equal to 5.0 mol%, preferably less than or equal to 1.0 mol%, preferably less than 0.5 mol%, based on the total amount of repeating units in the polyamide (PA), or wherein the polyamide (PA) does not contain aromatic repeating units.

29. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is free from repeating units derived from MACM or PACM, or which does not contain repeating units derived from MACM or PACM, wherein the expression "free from" means that the proportion of said units is less than or equal to 1.5 mol% (≤ 1.5 mol%), preferably less than or equal to 1.0 mol% (≤ 1.0 mol%), preferably less than or equal to 0.5 mol% (≤ 0.5 mol%), the proportion being based on the total amount of repeating units in the polyamide (PA).

30. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is free from repeating units derived from MACM and repeating units derived from PACM, or which does not contain repeating units derived from MACM and PACM, wherein the expression "free from" means that the proportion of said units is less than or equal to 1.5 mol% (≤ 1.5 mol%), preferably less than or equal to 1.0 mol% (≤ 1.0 mol%), preferably less than or equal to 0.5 mol% (≤ 0.5 mol%), the proportion being based on the total amount of repeating units in the polyamide (PA).

31. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The end groups of this polyamide (PA) are selected from the group consisting of -NH2, -COOH and amide end groups.

32. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, exhibiting an average (C / N) molar ratio of at least 10.0 (denoted as (C / N)). av ), (C / N) av It is calculated according to the following formula (I): in: p i and (C / N) i These are the proportions in mol% and (C / N) molar ratios of repeating units numbered i with the general formula -C(=O)-G-NH-, where G is a divalent group composed of C and H atoms or C, H, N and O atoms; (C / N) i = The number of C atoms in the repeating unit numbered i / The number of N atoms in the repeating unit numbered I; Or it can be determined through trace analysis.

33. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, exhibiting a glass transition temperature Tg, wherein Tg is: - At least 120.0°C, preferably at least 130.0°C, preferably at least 140.0°C, preferably at least 150.0°C; and / or - Between 100.0°C and 200.0°C; Tg was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) according to ASTM D3418, specifically with a heating and cooling rate of 20°C / min.

34. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The polyamide is semi-crystalline or amorphous.

35. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The polyamide is semi-crystalline and exhibits the following characteristics: - Heat of fusion (Hm) greater than or equal to 30.0 J / g (≥30.0 ​​J / g); and / or - Melting temperature (Tm) of at least 180.0°C; Hm and Tm were measured by DSC according to the conditions provided in the experimental section.

36. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, exhibiting a number-average molecular weight ("Mn") in the range of 5,000 g / mol to 40,000 g / mol; and / or - Weight-average molecular weight ("Mw") of at least 8,000 g / mol, preferably at least 10,000 g / mol, and preferably at least 20,000 g / mol. Mn and Mw were determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) under the conditions provided in the experimental section.

37. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, exhibiting an intrinsic viscosity (IV) between 0.30 and 1.70 dL / g, wherein the IV is measured according to ASTM D5225 using a mixture of phenol / 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (60 / 40 by weight).

38. The polyamide (PA) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The diamine component (A) consists of the indicated diamine, and / or the dicarboxylic acid component (B) consists of the indicated dicarboxylic acid.

39. A method for preparing a polyamide as defined in any one of claims 1-38 by polycondensation, the method particularly comprising the step of heating a reaction mixture (RM) comprising, substantially comprising, or consisting of: - Essentially composed of or a mixture of monomers (MM) comprising all the monomers constituting the polyamide (PA); - The catalyst may be selected, particularly from the group consisting of phosphorous acid, orthophosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, alkali metal hypophosphite such as sodium hypophosphite and phenylphosphonic acid; - Optionally, at least one end-capping agent; - Optionally, water, preferably less than 80.0 wt.% or more preferably less than 50.0 wt.%, is used, the proportion of which is based on the total weight of the reaction mixture (RM).

40. A polymer composition (C) comprising: - At least one polyamide (PA) as defined in any one of claims 1-38, wherein the proportion of polyamide (PA) is in particular at least 30.0 wt%, the proportion being based on the total weight of the polymer composition (C); - Optionally, at least one filler (F); - At least one polymer additive, which is not a filler, and is particularly selected from the group consisting of: heat stabilizers, UV stabilizers, colorants, antistatic agents, nucleating agents, and combinations of two or more of the additives; - Optionally, at least one polyamide other than polyamide (PA).

41. The polymer composition (C) according to claim 40, wherein, All components of the polymer composition (C) are blended.

42. The polymer composition (C) according to claim 40 or 41, wherein, The proportion of the polyamide (PA) is 30.0 wt% to 100.0 wt%, 30.0 to 90.0 wt%, or 50.0 to 90.0 wt%.

43. Use of the polyamide (PA) as defined in any one of claims 1-38 or the polymer composition (C) as defined in any one of claims 40-42 for the preparation of transparent or translucent articles.

44. An article made of or comprising: a polyamide (PA) as defined in any one of claims 1-38 or a polymer composition (C) as defined in any one of claims 40-42.

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