System and method for ceramic inkjet grid printing

Abstract

Systems and methods of a computerized framework for automated ceramic inkjet printing in dental restoration fabrication are disclosed. The disclosed ceramic inkjet grid printing for dental restorations combines precise digital control with ceramic materials to produce highly accurate and aesthetic dental prosthetics. The disclosed mechanism utilizes a specialized printhead designed to deposit precise amounts of ceramic material onto a dental base, enabling the production of fine color gradients and natural-looking surfaces that realistically mimic natural teeth.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit and priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 627,670, filed January 31, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates generally to dental prostheses, and more specifically to systems and methods for realizing ceramic mesh printing robots for dental prostheses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Systems and methods for an automated ceramic inkjet printing framework in the manufacture of dental prostheses are disclosed, according to some embodiments as discussed herein. As provided herein, as an example, according to some embodiments, the disclosed systems and methods are used to cause an inkjet printer or nozzle to deposit a specially formulated slurry containing ceramics and pigments onto the surface of a dental prosthesis.

[0005] According to some implementations, such as those discussed herein, ceramic inkjet mesh printing for dental prostheses represents a significant advancement in dental manufacturing technology. It combines precise digital control with traditional ceramic materials to produce highly accurate and aesthetically pleasing dental prostheses. The disclosed framework utilizes a specialized printhead designed to deposit precise amounts of ceramic material onto a dental substrate, enabling the creation of subtle color gradients and a surface that realistically mimics the natural appearance of natural teeth.

[0006] According to some implementations, as discussed in more detail below, the framework can be operated on by preparing a ceramic restoration substrate that undergoes precise three-dimensional (3D) scanning to establish spatial coordinates and surface mapping. This digital mapping ensures accurate material deposition on the complex geometry of the restoration, including hard-to-reach areas such as occlusal surfaces and marginal regions. The disclosed printing system (discussed below) employs multiple printheads, for example, which can be configured with separate heads for staining pigments and enamel materials, thereby allowing precise control over color application and surface finishing.

[0007] In some implementations, the framework can achieve a material formulation with a dedicated ceramic ink developed to achieve optimal viscosity and surface tension properties. For example, such inks may comprise a combination of glass-based glazes and colored pigments, wherein for applying color, the ratio is approximately 30% glaze to 70% pigment. As discussed herein, the disclosed process can maintain automated control of the jetting distance, typically optimized to approximately five millimeters between the printhead and the substrate surface, thereby ensuring consistent droplet placement and pattern formation.

[0008] In some embodiments, the disclosed printing frame may incorporate a thermal management mechanism that utilizes a preheating mechanism to optimize substrate surface conditions for ink adhesion while carefully preventing premature ink drying at the printhead. This thermal control, combined with precise n-axis (e.g., five-axis) positioning capability, enables the system to maintain consistent application quality across diverse surface geometries and orientations. The disclosed process may involve setting or pre-determining a number of passes, where initial passes focus on color application, followed by additional passes for pigment and enamel buildup to achieve desired thickness and surface properties.

[0009] According to some implementations, the disclosed framework can perform quality control operations via real-time (or near-real-time, or standard / event-based) monitoring of multiple parameters, including but not limited to spatial positioning, temperature conditions, material deposition patterns, etc., or some combination thereof. As provided herein, the disclosed processes can achieve a level of accuracy in meeting thresholds for color matching and surface finish, with cycle times for each restoration typically ranging from 90 to 120 seconds, although ongoing development aims to optimize these processing times by improving mobility, refining heat treatment, and material formulation.

[0010] Therefore, the disclosed manufacturing apparatus and operation offer several advantages over traditional dental restoration staining methods, including improved consistency, reduced processing time, and the ability to achieve complex color gradients and patterns that closely match natural dentition. The disclosed systems and methods can provide improvements in optimizing material formulation and increasing processing efficiency while maintaining the high-quality standards required for dental applications.

[0011] According to some embodiments, a method is disclosed for a ceramic mesh printing robot to perform robotic inkjet staining for dental prostheses. According to some embodiments, this disclosure provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for performing the aforementioned technical steps of framework functionality. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium has computer-readable instructions tangibly stored thereon or tangibly encoded thereon, which, when executed by a device, cause at least one processor to perform the ceramic mesh printing robot for inkjet staining of dental prostheses.

[0012] According to one or more embodiments, a system is provided, the system including one or more processors and / or computing devices configured to provide functionality according to such embodiments. According to one or more embodiments, the functionality is embodied in the steps of a method performed by at least one computing device. According to one or more embodiments, program code (or program logic) executed by the processor of the computing device to implement functionality according to one or more such embodiments is embodied in, embodied by, and / or embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable medium. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The features and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the following description of the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein reference numerals refer to the same parts in the various views. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are intended to illustrate the principles of this disclosure:

[0014] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a system for applying ceramic enamel to a dental restoration using an inkjet printhead, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 2A It is based on some embodiments of this disclosure that are in the first position. Figure 1 A side view of the system;

[0016] Figures 2B and 2C provide some embodiments according to this disclosure. Figure 1 The system's unrestricted example view;

[0017] Figure 2D Some implementation schemes according to this disclosure are provided. Figure 1 The system's unrestricted example view;

[0018] Figure 3 It is located in the second position according to some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 1 Side view of the system;

[0019] Figure 4A It is based on some embodiments of this disclosure that are in the first orientation. Figure 1 Perspective view of a dental prosthesis and an inkjet printhead;

[0020] Figure 4B This is a second orientation based on some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 1 Side view of a dental prosthesis and an inkjet printhead;

[0021] Figure 4C It is a third-party approach based on some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 1 Side view of a dental prosthesis and an inkjet printhead;

[0022] Figure 4D It is based on some embodiments of this disclosure that are in the fourth orientation. Figure 1 Side view of a dental prosthesis and an inkjet printhead;

[0023] Figure 5 An example view of a prosthesis assembly below a scanner is depicted according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of an example configuration in which the systems and methods disclosed herein can be implemented according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a block diagram illustrating components of an exemplary system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0026] Figure 8 Exemplary workflows according to some embodiments of this disclosure are illustrated. Detailed Implementation

[0027] This disclosure will now be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this disclosure and illustrate certain example embodiments by way of non-limiting illustration. However, the subject matter may be embodied in a variety of different forms, and therefore the covered or claimed subject matter is intended to be construed as not being limited to any of the example embodiments set forth herein; the example embodiments are provided merely for illustration. Likewise, a reasonably broad scope of the claimed or covered subject matter is contemplated. For example, the subject matter may be embodied as a method, apparatus, component, or system, etc. Thus, embodiments may take the form, for example, hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof (other than software itself). Therefore, the following detailed description is not intended to be construed as limiting.

[0028] Throughout the specification and claims, terms may have subtle meanings that are suggested or implied in the context, going beyond their explicit statements. Similarly, the phrase “in one embodiment” as used herein does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, and the phrase “in another embodiment” as used herein does not necessarily refer to different embodiments. For example, the claimed subject matter is intended to include combinations of all or some of the example embodiments.

[0029] Generally, terms can be understood at least in part based on their use in context. For example, terms as used herein (e.g., “and,” “or,” or “and / or”) can have multiple meanings that can depend at least in part on the context in which such terms are used. Typically, “or,” when used with a list of related terms such as A, B, or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C, used here in an inclusive sense, and A, B, or C, used here in an exclusive sense. Additionally, depending at least in part on the context, the term “one or more,” as used herein, can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Similarly, depending at least in part on the context, terms such as “a,” “one,” or “the” can be understood to convey either a singular or a plural usage. Additionally, also depending at least in part on the context, the term “based on” can be understood to not necessarily convey a set of exclusive factors, but may alternatively allow for the presence of additional factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0030] The present disclosure is described below with reference to block diagrams and operational examples of methods and apparatus. It should be understood that each block of a block diagram or operational example, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or operational example, may be implemented using analog or digital hardware and computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer to modify its functionality as detailed herein, or to a special-purpose computer, ASIC, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the instructions, executed via a processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, implement the functions / actions specified in the block diagram or one or more operational blocks. In some alternative embodiments, the functions / actions indicated in the blocks may not occur in the order indicated in the operational examples. For example, depending on the functionality / actions involved, two blocks shown consecutively may actually be executed substantially simultaneously, or these blocks may sometimes be executed in a reverse order.

[0031] For the purposes of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium (or computer-readable storage medium) stores computer data, which may include computer program code (or computer-executable instructions) in a machine-readable form executable by a computer. By way of example and not limitation, a computer-readable medium may include a computer-readable storage medium for tangible or fixed storage of data, or a communication medium for the transient interpretation of a signal containing code. As used herein, a computer-readable storage medium means a physical or tangible storage device (as opposed to a signal), and includes, but is not limited to, volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for tangibly storing information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other solid-state memory technologies, optical storage devices, cloud storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any other physical or material medium that can be used to tangibly store desired information or data or instructions and is accessible by a computer or processor.

[0032] For the purposes of this disclosure, the term "server" should be understood as a point of service that provides processing, database, and communication facilities. By way of example and not limitation, the term "server" may refer to a single physical processor having associated communication and data storage devices and database facilities, or it may refer to a networked or clustered complex of processors and associated network and storage devices, as well as the operating software and one or more database systems and application software that support the services provided by the server. An example is a cloud server.

[0033] For the purposes of this disclosure, "network" should be understood to refer to a network of coupled devices that enable the exchange of communication content (such as between server and client devices or other types of devices, including, for example, between wireless devices coupled via a wireless network). A network may also include mass storage devices such as network-attached storage (NAS), storage area networks (SANs), content delivery networks (CDNs), or other forms of computer or machine-readable media. A network may include the Internet, one or more local area networks (LANs), one or more wide area networks (WANs), wired connections, wireless connections, cellular connections, or any combination thereof. Similarly, subnetworks that may employ different architectures or be compatible with different protocols may interoperate within a larger network.

[0034] For the purposes of this disclosure, "wireless network" should be understood as coupling client devices to a network. Wireless networks can be standalone self-organizing networks, mesh networks, wireless LAN (WLAN) networks, cellular networks, etc. Wireless networks can also employ various network access technologies, including Wi-Fi, Long Term Evolution (LTE), WLAN, wireless router mesh, or second-, third-, fourth-, or fifth-generation (2G, 3G, 4G, or 5G) cellular technologies, mobile edge computing (MEC) technologies, Bluetooth, 802.1lb / g / n, etc. Network access technologies enable wide-area coverage of devices (e.g., client devices with varying degrees of mobility).

[0035] In short, wireless networks can actually include any type of wireless communication mechanism that can be used to transmit signals between devices such as client devices or computing devices, between networks, or within a network.

[0036] Computing devices may be able to send or receive signals, such as via wired or wireless networks, or may be able to process or store signals, such as processing or storing them in memory as physical memory states, and thus may function as servers. Therefore, devices capable of functioning as servers may include, for example, dedicated rack servers, desktop computers, laptop computers, set-top boxes, integrated devices combining various features (such as two or more features of the aforementioned devices), etc.

[0037] For the purposes of this disclosure, client (or user, entity, subscriber, or customer) devices may include computing devices capable of transmitting or receiving signals, such as via wired or wireless networks. Client devices may include, for example, desktop computers or portable devices such as cellular phones, smartphones, display pagers, radio frequency (RF) devices, infrared (IR) devices, near field communication (NFC) devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld computers, tablet computers, tablet phones, laptop computers, set-top boxes, wearable computers, smartwatches, integrated or distributed devices combining various features (such as those of the aforementioned devices), etc.

[0038] Client devices may vary in capabilities or features. The subject matter claimed is intended to cover a wide range of potential variations, such as web-enabled client devices or previously mentioned devices that may include high-resolution screens (e.g., HD or 4K), one or more physical or virtual keyboards, mass storage devices, one or more accelerometers, one or more gyroscopes, global positioning system (GPS) or other location-identifying capabilities, or highly functional displays such as touch-sensitive color 2D or 3D displays.

[0039] Some implementation schemes and principles will be discussed in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1As shown, a system 10 for applying ceramic enamel to a dental restoration 210 using an inkjet printer is illustrated, comprising an inkjet printhead 100 and a restoration retainer 200. The restoration retainer 200 is illustrated, comprising the restoration 210, a base 220, and a rotation mechanism 230. In some embodiments (including the illustrated embodiment), the inkjet printhead 100 has a fixed position such that the enamel application location (e.g., droplet flow 110) from the inkjet printhead 100 has a fixed origin. In these embodiments, different sides of the restoration 210 are exposed to the droplet flow via movement of the restoration 210 itself, which can be transmitted via the base 220 about the Y-axis (relative to the Y-axis). Figures 2A to 2D and Figure 3 The moving and / or rotating mechanism 230 (view) around the Z-axis (relative to the view) Figures 2A to 2D and Figure 3 This is achieved by moving the view. Figures 4A to 4D Various positions of the restoration 210 relative to the inkjet printhead 100 are shown. In other embodiments, the inkjet printhead 100 may be movable while the restoration 210 is stationary, allowing the inkjet printhead 100 to move around the restoration 210 to apply glaze to each portion of the restoration 210 as needed. In yet another embodiment, both the inkjet printhead 100 and the restoration 210 are movable, allowing glaze to be applied to each portion of the restoration 210 through a combination of movements of these two components.

[0040] The mobility of the prosthesis retainer 200 is Figures 2A to 2D and Figure 3 Example in. Figure 2A The prosthesis retainer 200 is shown in a first position, with the base 220 positioned at the 6 o'clock position relative to a "clock" defined by the rotation mechanism 230. Figure 3 The prosthesis retainer 200 is shown in a second position, with the base 220 positioned at 3 o'clock relative to a "clock" defined by the rotation mechanism 230. From Figure 2A First position to Figure 3 The change in the second position is achieved via the rotation of the rotating mechanism 230. Because the rotating mechanism 230 is shaped such that the restoration 210 is substantially centered within it, the distance between the inkjet printhead 100 and the restoration 210 remains substantially constant throughout the rotation of the rotating mechanism 230. Similarly, the restoration 210 is positioned relative to the center of the base 220, so rotation of the base 220 does not affect the distance between the restoration 210 and the inkjet printhead 100. Maintaining a consistent distance between the restoration 210 and the inkjet printhead 100 is crucial for the functionality of the system 10, as inconsistencies can cascade and amplify into inconsistent coloring.

[0041] As depicted in Figures 2B and 2C, the following are described: Figure 2A Additional views of a non-limiting example implementation of the drawing are shown in Figure 2B. Figure 2B depicts a view of the printhead 100 and the rotating mechanism 230; and Figure 2C depicts... Figure 2A The view provided is of the first position as discussed above.

[0042] Figure 2E provides a functional, non-limiting embodiment of the rotating mechanism 230, as described above regarding... Figure 2A and Figure 3 The above is discussed, and will be discussed in more detail below.

[0043] therefore, Figures 2A to 2D and Figure 3 Such disclosure provides a non-limiting printing method, which allows for the dynamic movement of the repair body below the print head 100 (or more heads).

[0044] Go to Figure 5 This document depicts a non-limiting example embodiment of restoration 210 scanned by scanner 500. Exemplary views 502 and 504 provide example depictions of scanners used to capture information related to dental restoration components. That is, according to some embodiments, in order to determine the shading pattern to be printed, system 10 may utilize a scanner (e.g., an optical scanner) to generate scan data of one (or more) actual teeth of a patient. The scan data may be a 3D rendering of the scanned one (or more) teeth and may be analyzed to derive a shading pattern for printing. In some embodiments, scan data of teeth located on either side of the dental restoration location (e.g., the gap used to fix the dental restoration) may be obtained, such that the shading pattern is derived based on those teeth closest to the dental restoration to maximize the aesthetic consistency of the dental restoration.

[0045] The exported shading pattern can be a 2D map or a distribution map, defining multiple points and a color profile (e.g., hue, base color, etc.) corresponding to each point. This 2D map can then be virtually applied to a 3D rendering of the dental restoration (e.g., similar to a car wrap), where adjustments are made automatically or via human input to determine the shading profile for the entire restoration. In some embodiments, such as those where the dental restoration is a near-perfect replica of another tooth (e.g., a dental restoration for the right incisor based on the left incisor), the shading profile can be directly exported from the other tooth.

[0046] Once the 3D shading profile is established, system 10 can determine the rotation profile of the restoration retainer 200 and the print pattern of the inkjet printhead 100. The rotation profile may include commands for moving the base 220 and the rotation mechanism 230, which are coordinated with the print pattern to ensure that each part of the dental restoration 210 is exposed to ceramic ink. The print pattern may include commands for dispensing ceramic ink via the inkjet printhead 100 with specified ink volume, quality (e.g., color combination), and timing. In particular, the print pattern can be adapted to morphological variations on the dental restoration surface by influencing the speed and / or volume of specific droplet flows. Both the rotation profile and the print pattern can be optimized to reduce the total time spent applying glaze.

[0047] This system overcomes several significant technical challenges. First, the size of manually applied ceramic ink droplets (approximately 10 micrometers) exceeds the capabilities of most inkjet printheads (<1 micrometer). In some implementations, the system utilizes a specially designed printhead capable of allowing larger droplets to pass through. In other implementations, different formulations for ceramic inks have been developed that perform similar functions to the original ceramic ink but at a smaller size, enabling use with standard printheads.

[0048] Second, the cyan-yellow-magenta-white (CYMW) color palette, which is the standard for inkjet printing, may not satisfactorily match the various shades of multicolored real teeth. In some implementations, the system utilizes a custom family of ink colors, which can be used alone or in combination to match any desired coloring pattern.

[0049] Third, in addition to the coloring pattern, the applied ceramic enamel must also match the translucency (e.g., reflectivity) of the actual tooth. To this end, in addition to the amount of ink applied for a specific coloring pattern, the system can apply various amounts of clear and / or blue (as the ceramic appears translucent) ink. Because these translucent layers differ from the colored layers, the system takes both into account when determining the printed pattern, as an excessively thick enamel layer can affect the fit, appearance, or performance of the dental restoration.

[0050] Go to Figures 6 to 8 The method for achieving such as via Figures 1 to 5 A non-limiting embodiment of the aforementioned functional components of the disclosed system 10 is provided. Therefore, Figure 6 A sample operating environment is provided that can run such a system; Figure 7 Engine 700 is provided, which represents a computerized framework for providing novel color matching and glazing as discussed in this article; Figure 8 Procedure 800 is provided, which details a non-limiting example implementation for executing engine 700 within a runtime environment.

[0051] According to some implementations, the disclosed systems and methods combine capabilities of 3D scanning, spatial analysis, and precision inkjet printing. This disclosure provides a novel framework for ceramic inkjet printing in the fabrication of dental prostheses, focusing on operational methodologies, technical capabilities, and process optimization strategies, as provided in more detail below. Therefore, the disclosed framework offers improved capabilities for managing complex dental prostheses through the integration of multiple processing technologies and control systems, enabling consistently high-quality results.

[0052] refer to Figure 6 The text describes a system 600 similar to System 10 discussed above, which includes User Equipment (UE) 602, a network 604, a cloud system 606, a database 608, and a repair engine 700. It should be understood that while System 600 is depicted as including such components, this should not be construed as limiting, as those skilled in the art will readily understand that various numbers of UEs, cloud systems, databases, and networks can be utilized; however, for illustrative purposes, System 600 is about... Figure 6 The examples in the text are used to illustrate the discussion.

[0053] According to some implementation schemes, UE 602 may represent a printer system (e.g., the one discussed above). Figures 1 to 5 (System 10 and / or printer in the system). In some implementations, UE 602 may correspond to any other device that can be connected to and control the operation of System 10, such as, for example, a mobile phone, tablet, laptop, sensor, Internet of Things (IoT) device, autonomous machine, and any other device equipped with a cellular or wireless or wired transceiver.

[0054] In some embodiments, a peripheral device (not shown) may be connected to the UE 602 and may be any type of peripheral device, such as, but not limited to, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches), printers, displays, speakers, sensors, etc. In some embodiments, the peripheral device may be a 3D scanner or scanning device, and in some embodiments, the UE 602 may be a scanning device, as discussed herein.

[0055] In some implementations, the peripheral device can be any type of device that can connect to the UE 602 via any known or soon-to-be-known pairing mechanism, including but not limited to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. ™ Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), NFC, etc.

[0056] In some implementations, network 604 can be any type of network, such as, but not limited to, wireless networks, cellular networks, the Internet, etc. (as discussed above). Network 604 facilitates the connectivity of components of system 600, such as... Figure 6exemplified.

[0057] According to some implementations, cloud system 606 can be any type of cloud operating platform and / or network-based system on which applications, operations, and / or other forms of network resources can reside. For example, system 606 can be a content provider, service provider, and / or network provider from which services and / or applications can be accessed, retrieved, or executed. For example, system 606 can represent a cloud-based architecture associated with a system provider (e.g., a healthcare company, a private company, etc.) that has associated network resources hosted on the Internet or a private network (e.g., network 604), which enables the dental management discussed herein (via engine 700).

[0058] In some implementations, cloud system 606 may include servers and / or information databases accessible via network 604. In some implementations, database 608 of cloud system 606 may store datasets of data and metadata associated with local and / or network information related to the user of UE 602 and UE 602, as well as services and applications provided by cloud system 606 and / or repair engine 700.

[0059] In some implementations, for example, cloud system 606 may provide a private / proprietary management platform, thereby the engine 700 discussed below corresponds to the novel functionality enabled, hosted and provided by system 606 to network 604 and other devices / platforms operating thereon.

[0060] In some implementations, the exemplary computer-based systems / platforms, exemplary computer-based devices and / or exemplary computer-based components of this disclosure may be specifically configured to operate in a cloud computing / architecture 606 using a web browser, mobile application, thin client, terminal emulator or other endpoint, such as, but not limited to, Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) and / or Software as a Service (SaaS).

[0061] According to some implementations, database 608 may correspond to a data storage device for a single platform (e.g., a web hosting platform, such as cloud system 606 discussed above), multiple platforms, and / or UE 602. Database 608 may receive storage instructions / requests from, for example, engine 700 (and associated microservices), which may be in any known or soon-to-be-known format, such as, for example, standard query language (SQL). According to some implementations, database 608 may correspond to any known or soon-to-be-known storage device, such as the device's memory or memory stack, a distributed ledger of a distributed network (e.g., a blockchain), a lookup table (LUT), and / or any other type of secure data store.

[0062] As discussed above and further discussed in more detail below, the repair engine 700 may include components for the disclosed functionality. According to some embodiments, the repair engine 700 may be a dedicated machine or processor and may be hosted by a device on network 604, a device within cloud system 606, or a device on UE 602. In some embodiments, the engine 700 may be hosted by a server and / or a set of servers associated with cloud system 606.

[0063] According to some implementation schemes, as discussed in more detail below, the prosthodontic engine 700 can be configured to implement and / or control multiple services and / or microservices, each of which is configured to perform multiple workflows associated with the execution of the disclosed dental administration. Non-limiting implementations of such workflows are provided below.

[0064] According to some implementations, as discussed above, the repair engine 700 can be used as an application provided by the cloud system 606. In some implementations, the engine 700 can be used as an application installed on a server, network location, and / or other type of network resource associated with the system 606. In some implementations, the engine 700 can be used as an application installed and / or executed on the UE 602. In some implementations, such an application can be a web-based application accessed by the UE 602 and / or devices from the cloud system 606 via network 604. In some implementations, the engine 700 can be configured and / or installed as an enhanced script, program, or application (e.g., a plugin or extension) of another application or program provided by the cloud system 606 and / or executed on the UE 602.

[0065] like Figure 7As illustrated, according to some embodiments, the restoration engine 700 includes an identification module 702, an analysis module 704, a determination module 706, and an output module 708. It should be understood that the engines and modules discussed herein are not exhaustive, as additional or fewer engines and / or modules (or sub-modules) may be applicable to embodiments of the systems and methods discussed. Further details regarding the operation, configuration, and functionality of engine 700 and each of its modules, as well as their role in embodiments of this disclosure, will be discussed below.

[0066] Go to Figure 8 Process 800 provides non-limiting exemplary embodiments of the disclosed framework, which provides features, capabilities, and / or functionality for enhancing and / or improving dental restorations.

[0067] According to some embodiments, as discussed herein and in more detail below, process 800 provides the disclosed automated ceramic inkjet printing steps for the manufacture of dental prostheses. As discussed below, in some embodiments, the disclosed framework for ceramic inkjet dental prostheses embodies a novel method for manufacturing precise dental components using advanced technologies. For example, the disclosed framework integrates 3D scanning, spatial analysis, and precision inkjet printing capabilities, thereby enabling efficient and high-quality prosthesis manufacturing.

[0068] According to some implementation schemes, step 802 of process 800 may be executed by the identification module 702 of the repair engine 700; step 804 may be executed by the analysis module 704; step 806 may be executed by the determination module 706; and steps 808 and 810 may be executed by the output module 708.

[0069] According to some implementations, process 800 begins at step 802, where engine 700 performs spatial identification and orientation analysis operations. In some implementations, engine 700 initiates its operation by performing a comprehensive 3D scan of the dental prosthesis components. This operation involves capturing, collecting, or otherwise identifying detailed spatial coordinates of the dental prosthesis to provide a basic framework for subsequent processing. The scanning process generates an accurate 3D model of the prosthesis, thereby overlaying the scan data onto predetermined design specifications. This overlay creates a spatial relationship between the physical object and its intended final form.

[0070] In some implementations, Engine 700 can employ multiple reference points within the operating space to ensure accurate positioning of the restoration. By associating the physical location of the restoration with its corresponding 3D surface, implicit and / or explicit representation of geometry, and associated optical properties (e.g., optical properties provided via STL (Standard Triangle Language) files) and bitmap data, Engine 700 precisely positions the application area for subsequent coloring and glazing processes.

[0071] In some implementations, such spatial recognition operations performed by Engine 700 can be combined with advanced artificial intelligence and / or machine learning (AI / ML) algorithms to calculate the optimal azimuth angles for multifaceted processing, thereby ensuring that the frame can address the complex geometries frequently encountered in dental restorations. Such algorithms rely on high-resolution imaging and computational models to analyze the geometry of each restoration, taking into account factors such as surface curvature and edge contours.

[0072] Therefore, in some implementations, step 802 may involve engine 700 implementing any type of known or soon-to-be-known computational analysis method, algorithm, mechanism, or technique to perform identification and orientation analysis.

[0073] In some implementations, engine 700 may include a specific trained AI / ML model, a specific machine learning model architecture, a specific machine learning model type (e.g., convolutional neural network (CNN), recurrent neural network (RNN), autoencoder, support vector machine (SVM), etc.), or any other suitable definition of a machine learning model, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0074] In some implementations, Engine 700 may be configured to utilize one or more AI / ML techniques, selected from, but not limited to, computer vision, eigenvector analysis, decision trees, augmentation methods, support vector machines, neural networks, nearest neighbor algorithms, Naive Bayes, bagging, random forests, logistic regression, physically-based rendering, differentiable rendering, inverse rendering, neural rendering, etc. As a non-limiting example, Engine 700 may implement the XGBoost algorithm for regression and / or classification to analyze dental and / or patient data, as discussed herein.

[0075] In some implementations, and optionally, in conjunction with any of the implementations described above or below, the neural network technique may be, but is not limited to, a feedforward neural network, a radial basis function network, a recurrent neural network, a convolutional network (e.g., U-net), or other suitable network. In some implementations, and optionally, in conjunction with any of the implementations described above or below, a specific implementation of the neural network may be performed as follows:

[0076] a. Define the neural network architecture / model.

[0077] b. Send the input data to the neural network model.

[0078] c. Train the model incrementally.

[0079] d. Determine the accuracy for a specific number of time steps.

[0080] e. Apply the trained model to process the newly received input data.

[0081] f. Optionally and in parallel, continue training the already trained model at a predetermined period.

[0082] In some implementations, and optionally, in conjunction with any of the implementations described above or below, the trained neural network model can specify the neural network by at least a neural network topology, a series of activation functions, and connection weights. For example, the topology of the neural network can include the configuration of neural network nodes and the connections between such nodes. In some implementations, and optionally, in conjunction with any of the implementations described above or below, the trained neural network model can also be specified to include other parameters, including but not limited to bias values / functions and / or aggregation functions. For example, the activation function of a node can be a step function, a sine function, a continuous or piecewise linear function, a sigmoid function, a hyperbolic tangent function, or other type of mathematical function representing a threshold for activating a node. In some implementations, and optionally, in conjunction with any of the implementations described above or below, the aggregation function can be a mathematical function that combines the input signals of a node (e.g., summation, product, etc.). In some implementations, and optionally, in conjunction with any of the implementations described above or below, the output of the aggregation function can be used as the input to the activation function. In some implementations and optionally, in conjunction with any implementation described above or below, the bias may be a constant value or function that can be used by aggregation functions and / or activation functions to make a node more or less likely to be activated.

[0083] Therefore, such AI / ML models can be used to predict and / or adapt to changes in the shape of dental prostheses, enabling Engine 700 to handle a range of designs with minimal (if any) human intervention.

[0084] In some implementations, step 802 may involve engine 700 using a laser-based distance measurement tool to confirm the alignment of the restoration within the operating space. Such tools ensure that the dimensions of the scanned model are aligned with the physical object, thereby minimizing errors in spatial representation.

[0085] In step 804, engine 700 may perform bitmap processing. According to some embodiments, as discussed herein, such bitmap processing may involve, but is not limited to, pre-configured or predefined bitmaps, retrieved bitmaps, stored bitmaps, dynamically determined bitmaps, fine-tuned bitmaps, etc., or some combination thereof. Therefore, as provided below, regardless of type, such bitmaps include information related to the configuration for placing dental prosthesis components relative to the printhead of the printer (as described above relative to...). Figures 1 to 5 (As discussed).

[0086] Therefore, in some implementations, step 804 may involve engine 700 enabling dynamic bitmap generation capabilities, thereby allowing for flexible processing methods. While current specific implementations typically involve a standardized "four-sided plus top" processing approach, engine 700 can be tailored based on the size, geometry, and surface complexity of the restoration. This adaptability ensures efficient and precise processing tailored to each unique case.

[0087] In some implementations, engine 700 can utilize, for example, 3D-based algorithms for bitmap generation, incorporating dwell processing capabilities through continuous enhancement. This capability enables real-time bitmap adjustments based on instantaneous scan data, allowing engine 700 to compensate for minor positioning variations without requiring extensive robot adjustments. This dynamic adaptability reduces complexity and improves overall process efficiency.

[0088] In some implementations, the operation performed by engine 700 in step 804 can be integrated with rendering software that supports multi-threaded processing for generating bitmaps at higher speeds. This rendering capability allows engine 700 to create high-resolution bitmaps for complex surface details such as grooves, cracks, layered textures, etc. Additionally, the processing mechanisms of engine 700 may include, but are not limited to, predictive modeling tools that simulate the interaction between ink and a ceramic substrate. Such simulations can guide adjustments to droplet size, trajectory, velocity, etc., thereby optimizing application accuracy, as discussed below.

[0089] In some implementations, as another non-limiting example, the bitmap processing performed in step 804 may involve retrieving, extracting, uploading, downloading, or otherwise identifying a pre-configured bitmap. Such a bitmap may include information similar to the dynamically determined bitmaps discussed above; however, this information may be, but is not limited to, predefined information, information determined when requesting or identifying a prosthetic component, information based on the analysis of information within step 802 discussed above, etc.

[0090] Therefore, in some implementations, for example, a prosthetic component can be identified, for which a bitmap can be determined in a manner similar to that described above (e.g., analyzing the physical representation of the dental prosthetic component); however, this bitmap is not a dynamic bitmap, but rather one that can be predetermined / pre-configured so that bitmap information (e.g., shape, sides, etc.) of each surface of the prosthetic component can be obtained and applied via engine 700. Thus, in such implementations, engine 200 may involve performing step 802 and then proceeding to step 806 based on the predetermined bitmap.

[0091] In step 806, engine 700 may determine and / or perform multi-axis positioning and control. In some embodiments, engine 700 may employ an n-axis (e.g., five-axis) positioning system to maintain precise spatial relationships during material application. This positioning system ensures optimal orientation of the restoration at all processing stages. Consistent application quality at or above the threshold level can be achieved and / or maintained by maintaining a threshold (or minimum or range) jet distance of k mm (e.g., five mm) between the printhead and the restoration surface.

[0092] According to some implementations, this positioning control system operates by processing geometry, such as molar restorations with complex occlusal surfaces. By maintaining a threshold jet distance and utilizing both physical adjustments and bitmap modifications, the Engine 700 ensures uniform application quality. This dual approach enhances the Engine 700's ability to effectively handle orientation variations, thus providing flexibility in addressing a wide range of restoration designs.

[0093] In some implementations, for example, a five-axis system can utilize servo-driven actuators to achieve precise, rapid movement along the X, Y, Z, rotation, and tilt axes. This high level of control allows the engine 700 to remain aligned even when handling irregular or asymmetrical shapes. For example, the printing system 10 discussed above can be equipped with collision detection sensors to prevent misalignment or damage during repositioning. Furthermore, integrated gyroscope stabilization ensures the restoration remains stable during ink and enamel application, even at high speeds.

[0094] In step 808, engine 700 may perform and / or cause system 10 to perform material application and process control of the slurry applied to a dental prosthetic assembly (e.g., a replacement tooth or crown). In some embodiments, the material application process of engine 700 is a multi-stage process utilizing different printheads for colorant application and enamel application. A non-limiting example embodiment configuration includes, for example, four printheads: three for color components (yellow, blue, and brown) and one for enamel application. This separation allows for precise control over the material composition and application parameters. However, those skilled in the art will understand that variations in the number of printheads and / or component types will not depart from the scope of this disclosure.

[0095] For example, in some implementations, each printhead may incorporate piezoelectric technology for precise inkjet delivery. This technology uses voltage pulses to control the ejection of ink droplets, enabling on-demand inkjet functionality that ensures consistent application. The ink delivery assembly is equipped with temperature-controlled nozzles to maintain consistent viscosity and flow characteristics across different material types. This precision ensures that colorants and glazes adhere uniformly to the ceramic substrate, resulting in a high-quality finish.

[0096] In some implementations, a preheating mechanism located away from the printhead positioning optimizes substrate conditions, ensuring accurate droplet placement and adhesion without premature ink drying. This thermal management strategy improves droplet placement accuracy and adhesion while maintaining optimal printhead operating conditions. Furthermore, the Engine 700's control over material proportions (such as the current 30% glaze and 70% pigment composition) can be fine-tuned (e.g., via AI / ML analysis and processing, as discussed above) to achieve desired aesthetic and functional effects.

[0097] In some embodiments, the material application process discussed may incorporate real-time monitoring of ink flow rate and droplet formation using online sensors. Such sensors can detect anomalies, such as droplet size, ensuring immediate adjustments for consistency. In some embodiments, the glaze application process may employ a variable layer thickness approach, whereby the engine 700 can dynamically adjust the amount of glaze based on the geometry and surface requirements of each restoration. This ensures uniform coating while minimizing material waste. Furthermore, this provides the functionality to influence (e.g., influence, weight, and / or modify) microtexture details, which can significantly enhance the aesthetic simulation of the restoration, as discussed herein.

[0098] In step 810, engine 700 may perform operations related to quality assurance and verification. According to some embodiments, engine 700 may perform quality assurance operations during the application of the ceramic slurry as part of step 808, and / or at each step of the restoration process of process 800 discussed above. From the initial spatial scan to the final material application, engine 700 can exert strict control over key parameters and, combined with real-time monitoring, ensure consistent (and / or threshold-compliant) spray distances, appropriate material proportions, and accurate verification of surface properties.

[0099] In some implementations, this quality assurance mechanism can be extended to thermal management, material application, and final appearance verification. By incorporating such controls, the Engine 700 is able to deliver reliable results with varying restoration geometries and specifications.

[0100] Engine 700 can perform such quality assurance operations via AI / ML models, as discussed above. For example, Engine 700 can implement machine vision models for post-processing verification. For instance, Engine 700 can capture high-resolution images of completed restorations and analyze them via such vision models to look for defects such as uneven coating, color mismatch, or inconsistent glaze. Any identified issues are flagged to trigger corrective actions, ensuring that only components meeting expected specifications are approved. The verification process also includes adhesion testing, which confirms the durability of the applied materials under operating conditions by assessing the bond strength.

[0101] According to some implementation schemes, step 810 may provide output or electronic / digital reports via control software, which suggest key performance indicators (KPIs), such as, but not limited to, material utilization, processing time, error rate, or some combination thereof. This information can provide a basis for continuous improvement, ensuring the system remains at the forefront of precision dental prosthesis manufacturing.

[0102] According to some implementation schemes, Engine 200 can maintain certain optimization measures through various steps in Process 800, such as focusing on reducing cycle time and improving overall efficiency. For example, the current processing time ranges from 90 to 120 seconds per repair. To reduce this time, measures include optimizing robot movement, refining heat treatment, and improving ink formulation to shorten drying time. This strategy not only accelerates production but also maintains or improves the quality of the final product.

[0103] Furthermore, in some implementations, layer management is crucial in this optimization. For example, for colorant application, Engine 700 can utilize a high-density pigment formulation to achieve optimal opacity and color density in a single pass. However, glaze application may require multiple passes to achieve the desired thickness and surface properties. Therefore, Engine 700 can ensure proper bonding between layers via step 810, thereby enhancing aesthetics and durability.

[0104] Therefore, as discussed above, the various steps of process 800 performed via engine 700 provide an improved system and method for ceramic inkjet dental restorations, combining spatial recognition, dynamic processing architecture, multi-axis positioning, material application control, and robust quality assurance mechanisms. The disclosed method and ongoing optimization efforts provide a comprehensive computerized technological solution that addresses the challenges of modern dental restoration manufacturing while achieving improvements in both quality and efficiency.

[0105] As used herein, the terms “computer engine” and “engine” identify at least one software component and / or a combination of at least one software component and at least one hardware component, which is designed / programmed / configured to manage / control other software and / or hardware components (such as libraries, software development kits (SDKs), objects, etc.).

[0106] Examples of hardware components may include processors, microprocessors, circuits, circuit elements (e.g., transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors, etc.), integrated circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), digital signal processors (DSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), logic gates, registers, semiconductor devices, chips, microchips, chipsets, etc. In some implementations, one or more processors may be implemented as: Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC) or Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) processors; x86 instruction set compatible processors; multi-core or any other microprocessor or central processing unit (CPU). In various specific implementations, one or more processors may be dual-core processors, dual-core mobile processors, etc.

[0107] As used herein, computer-related systems, computer systems, and systems include any combination of hardware and software. Examples of software may include software components, programs, application programs, operating system software, middleware, firmware, software modules, routines, subroutines, functions, methods, procedures, software interfaces, application programming interfaces (APIs), instruction sets, computer code, computer code segments, words, values, symbols, or any combination thereof. The determination of whether to use hardware and / or software components to implement an implementation scheme can vary based on any number of factors, such as desired computing speed, power levels, thermal tolerance, processing cycle budget, input data rates, output data rates, memory resources, data bus speed, and other design or performance constraints.

[0108] For the purposes of this disclosure, a module is software, hardware, or firmware (or a combination thereof) of a system, process, or functionality, or a component thereof, that performs or facilitates the processes, features, and / or functions (with or without human interaction or enhancement) described herein. A module may include submodules. The software components of a module may be stored on a computer-readable medium for execution by a processor. A module may be integrated into or loaded and executed by one or more servers. One or more modules may be grouped into engines or applications.

[0109] One or more aspects of at least one embodiment can be implemented by representative instructions stored on a machine-readable medium, which represent various logical components within a processor. When read by a machine, these representative instructions cause the machine to generate logic to perform the techniques described herein. Such representations, referred to as "IP cores," can be stored on tangible machine-readable media and supplied to various customers or manufacturing facilities for loading into manufacturing machines that produce the logical components or processor. It is worth noting that the various embodiments described herein can, of course, be implemented using any suitable hardware and / or computational software language (e.g., C++, Objective-C, Swift, Java, JavaScript, Python, Perl, QT, etc.).

[0110] For example, exemplary software specifically programmed according to one or more principles of this disclosure may be downloaded from a network (e.g., a website) as a standalone product or as a plug-in package for installation in existing software applications. For example, exemplary software specifically programmed according to one or more principles of this disclosure may also be provided as a client-server software application or as a web-enabled software application. For example, exemplary software specifically programmed according to one or more principles of this disclosure may also be embodied as a software package installed on a hardware device.

[0111] For the purposes of this disclosure, the terms “user,” “subscriber,” “consumer,” or “customer” should be understood to refer to users of one or more applications as described herein and / or consumers of data provided by a data provider. By way of example and not limitation, the terms “user” or “subscriber” may refer to a person who receives data provided by a data or service provider via the Internet in a browser session, or may refer to an automated software application that receives, stores, or processes data. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the methods and systems of this disclosure can be implemented in many ways and are therefore not limited to the foregoing exemplary embodiments and examples. In other words, functional elements and individual functions performed by one or more components in various combinations of hardware and software or firmware may be distributed across a client-side or server-side software application, or both. In this regard, any number of features of the different embodiments described herein may be combined into one or more embodiments, and alternative embodiments having fewer or more features than all those described herein are possible.

[0112] Functionality can also be distributed, wholly or partially, among multiple components in ways now known or to become known. Therefore, countless software / hardware / firmware combinations are possible in implementing the functions, features, interfaces, and preferences described herein. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure covers conventionally known methods for performing the described features and functions and interfaces, as well as those variations and modifications that may be made to the hardware or software or firmware components described herein, as will be understood by those skilled in the art now and thereafter.

[0113] Furthermore, the implementations of the methods presented and described as flowcharts in this disclosure are provided by way of example to provide a more complete understanding of the technology. The disclosed methods are not limited to the operational and logical flows presented herein. Alternative implementations are envisioned in which the order of various operations is changed, and in which sub-operations described as part of a larger operation are executed independently.

[0114] While various embodiments have been described for the purposes of this disclosure, such embodiments should not be construed as limiting the teachings of this disclosure to those embodiments. Various changes and modifications may be made to the foregoing elements and operations to obtain results that remain within the scope of the systems and processes described in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method comprising: The device analyzes dental prosthesis components and determines information related to the physical representation of the dental prosthesis components; The device generates a dynamic bitmap for the dental prosthesis assembly based on determined information, the bitmap including adaptive information related to the characteristics of the dental prosthesis assembly; The device determines multi-axis positioning for the printhead based on the dynamic bitmap, the multi-axis positioning corresponding to a threshold jet distance from the printhead to the surface of the dental prosthesis assembly; as well as The device and the printhead induce the application of material to the dental prosthesis assembly based on the multi-axis positioning.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Perform a three-dimensional (3D) scan of the dental prosthesis assembly; The spatial coordinates of the dental prosthesis components are determined based on the 3D scan. as well as The determination of the information is performed based on the determined spatial coordinates.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: Generate a 3D model of the dental prosthesis assembly; as well as A simulation of the 3D model is generated by overlaying design specifications onto the 3D model, wherein information related to the simulation is included in the determined information.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The characteristic includes at least one of size, geometry, or surface complexity.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The multi-axis positioning is for a set of printheads associated with the device.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The maximum spray distance is 5 millimeters.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The multi-axis positioning includes information related to a set of axes selected from the group consisting of: X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis; Rotation axis; and tilt axis.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The material application includes at least one of colorant application or glaze application.

9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Perform a verification applied to the material, the verification corresponding to a threshold-based evaluation, the evaluation being based on at least one of the spray distance, material ratio, or accuracy.

10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The device is an inkjet printer.

11. An apparatus comprising: Processor, the processor being configured to: Analyze dental prosthetic components and determine information related to the physical representation of the dental prosthetic components; A dynamic bitmap for the dental prosthesis assembly is generated based on the determined information, the bitmap including adaptive information related to the characteristics of the dental prosthesis assembly; The multi-axis positioning of the printhead is determined based on the dynamic bitmap, the multi-axis positioning corresponding to a threshold jet distance from the printhead to the surface of the dental prosthesis assembly; as well as Material is applied to the dental prosthesis assembly via at least the printhead based on the multi-axis positioning.

12. The device of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to: Perform a three-dimensional (3D) scan of the dental prosthesis assembly; The spatial coordinates of the dental prosthesis assembly are determined based on the 3D scan; and The determination of the information is performed based on the determined spatial coordinates.

13. The device of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to: Generate a 3D model of the dental prosthesis assembly; and A simulation of the 3D model is generated by overlaying design specifications onto the 3D model, wherein information related to the simulation is included in the determined information.

14. The device of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured such that the characteristic includes at least one of size, geometry, or surface complexity.

15. The device of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured such that the multi-axis positioning is directed toward a set of printheads associated with the device.

16. The device of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured such that the spray distance is a maximum of 5 mm.

17. The device of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured such that the multi-axis positioning includes information relating to a set of axes selected from the group consisting of: X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis; rotation axis; and tilt axis.

18. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured such that the material application includes at least one of colorant application or glaze application.

19. The device of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to: Perform a verification applied to the material, the verification corresponding to a threshold-based evaluation, the evaluation being based on at least one of the spray distance, material ratio, or accuracy.

20. A method comprising: Information relating to the physical representation of the device identifier and dental prosthesis components; The device determines multi-axis positioning for the printhead based on identified information, the multi-axis positioning corresponding to a threshold jet distance from the printhead to the surface of the dental prosthesis assembly; as well as The device and the printhead induce the application of material to the dental prosthesis assembly based on the multi-axis positioning.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising: Analysis of the dental prosthesis components; as well as Determine the information associated with the physical representation of the dental prosthesis assembly.

22. The method of claim 20, further comprising: A bitmap for the dental prosthesis assembly is generated based on the identified information, the bitmap including a configuration for positioning the dental prosthesis assembly relative to the printhead; as well as The determination of the multi-axis positioning for the print head is further performed based on the bitmap.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising: The bitmap includes adaptive information related to the characteristics of the dental prosthesis component; as well as The device dynamically applies the bitmap based on the adaptive information during the application of the material.

24. An apparatus comprising: Processor, the processor being configured to: Identify information related to the physical representation of dental prosthesis components; Based on the identified information, a multi-axis positioning for the printhead is determined, the multi-axis positioning corresponding to a threshold jet distance from the printhead to the surface of the dental prosthesis assembly; as well as The printhead is used to apply material to the dental prosthesis assembly based on the multi-axis positioning.

25. The device of claim 24, wherein the processor is further configured to: Analysis of the dental prosthesis components; and Determine the information associated with the physical representation of the dental prosthesis assembly.

26. The device of claim 24, wherein the processor is further configured to: A bitmap for the dental prosthesis assembly is generated based on the identified information, the bitmap including a configuration for positioning the dental prosthesis assembly relative to the printhead; and The determination of the multi-axis positioning for the print head is further performed based on the bitmap.

27. The device of claim 26, wherein the processor is further configured such that the bitmap includes adaptive information relating to the characteristics of the dental prosthesis assembly; wherein the processor is further configured to dynamically apply the bitmap based on the adaptive information during material application.

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