Optical sensor, method of manufacturing an optical sensor, electronic device and method of operating an electronic device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202580023327.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-03-22
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
Smart Images
Figure CN123022934A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to an optical sensor, a method for manufacturing an optical sensor, an electronic device, and a method for operating the electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] For intelligent display control, the display's white point can adjust to ambient light conditions. However, the color and spectral ambient light sensing behind the display is affected by the display's transmittance and significant backscattered light from the display. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a way to improve the ability to sense ambient light.
[0004] This objective is achieved by the optical sensor, the method of manufacturing the optical sensor, the electronic device, and the method of operating the electronic device as described in the independent claims. Further configurations and extensions are the subject of the dependent claims.
[0005] This application provides an optical sensor that includes multiple detection channels.
[0006] According to at least one embodiment of the optical sensor, each detection channel includes a photodetector and a filter to define the spectral sensitivity of the respective detection channel. For example, the photodetector is a photodiode comprising a photosensitive region based on a semiconductor material such as silicon. Specifically, all photodetectors in the detection channel can be based on the same semiconductor material.
[0007] The photodetectors in the detection channel can be integrated into a common sensor chip. Alternatively, the photodetectors can be separate devices.
[0008] A single detection channel can include one or more photodetectors.
[0009] For example, the filter is configured as a bandpass filter.
[0010] For example, filters include interference filters, absorption filters, plasma filters, or combinations thereof.
[0011] Interference filters can be formed by stacking dielectric layers, where each layer in the stack can be adjusted with respect to its thickness and refractive index, so that the optical interference effect at the interface between the layers produces the desired transmission spectrum.
[0012] In an absorption filter, electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths outside the filter's intended transmission spectrum can be absorbed. Plasma filters can be formed from structured metallic layers exhibiting plasma properties.
[0013] According to at least one embodiment of the optical sensor, the detection channel includes a first set of detection channels. Specifically, the first set of detection channels includes a first detection channel having a wavelength with maximum sensitivity in the blue spectral range, a second detection channel having a wavelength with maximum sensitivity in the green spectral range, and a third detection channel having a wavelength with maximum sensitivity in the red spectral range.
[0014] For example, the wavelength at which the first detection channel has the maximum sensitivity is at least 420 nm, at least 430 nm, or at least 450 nm, and / or at most 480 nm or at most 470 nm.
[0015] For example, the wavelength for maximum sensitivity of the second detection channel is at least 500 nm or at least 510 nm, and / or at most 550 nm or at most 540 nm or at most 530 nm.
[0016] For example, the wavelength for maximum sensitivity of the third detection channel is at least 600 nm or at least 610 nm, and / or at most 700 nm or at most 680 nm or at most 650 nm.
[0017] Specifically, the wavelength of maximum sensitivity for the first set of detection channels can be selected such that the spectral sensitivity of each detection channel overlaps with one of the peak emission wavelengths of the RGB display's emitter.
[0018] According to at least one embodiment of the optical sensor, the detection channel includes a second set of detection channels, wherein the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the second set of detection channels are arranged between the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first set of detection channels. In other words, the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the second set of detection channels are greater than the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first detection channel and less than the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the third detection channel. For example, the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of each detection channel in the second set differs from the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of all the channels in the first set by at least 10 nm or at least 20 nm.
[0019] According to at least one embodiment of the optical sensor, the spectral sensitivity of the detection channel is configured such that an optimal matching curve for each of the three CIE1931 (International Commission on Illumination) color matching functions can be obtained from a linear combination of the spectral sensitivities of the detection channel.
[0020] Color matching function It includes two maximum values within the visible spectrum. The color matching function includes a maximum value within the green spectrum. The color matching function includes one peak in the blue spectrum. These three color matching functions together describe the CIE standard observer.
[0021] These color matching functions represent the ideal spectral sensitivity curves of three linear photodetectors, providing tristimulus values X, Y, and Z in the CIEXYZ color space, where Y is luminance. For each color perceived by a human observer, the three tristimulus values can be determined.
[0022] Each of these color matching functions can be obtained, or at least approximated, by adding the spectral sensitivities of at least two detection channels, wherein the spectral sensitivities of the detection channels used are multiplied by a scaling factor before addition. Ideally, the best-fit curve corresponds exactly to the corresponding color matching function. However, this is not necessarily required to obtain tristimulus values with sufficient accuracy.
[0023] For example, the area under the color matching function overlaps with the area under the corresponding best-fit function by at least 80% or at least 90%, and / or vice versa.
[0024] For example, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the best-fit curve may differ from the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the corresponding color matching function by a maximum of 20% or 10%.
[0025] In at least one embodiment of the optical sensor, the optical sensor includes a plurality of detection channels, wherein each detection channel includes a photodetector and a filter to define the spectral sensitivity of the respective detection channel. The detection channels include a first set of detection channels, comprising a first detection channel having a wavelength with maximum sensitivity in the blue spectral range, a second detection channel having a wavelength with maximum sensitivity in the green spectral range, and a third detection channel having a wavelength with maximum sensitivity in the red spectral range. The detection channels also include a second set of detection channels, wherein the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the second set of detection channels are arranged between the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first set of detection channels. The spectral sensitivity of the detection channels is configured such that an optimal matching curve for each of the three CIE 1931 color matching functions can be obtained from a linear combination of the spectral sensitivities of the detection channels.
[0026] When the optical sensor is operated behind the display, the signals from the first set of detection channels can be used to compensate for unwanted backscattered light from the display. Furthermore, the linear combination of the signals from the detection channels can be used to determine the tristimulus values with high accuracy. In other words, the tristimulus values X, Y, and Z of the light detected by the optical sensor during operation can be obtained in each case by multiplying the signals from at least two associated detection channels by a scaling factor and then summing these scaled signals.
[0027] In particular, even if the signal from ambient light is small compared to the backscattered light from the display, spectral information about ambient light can still be obtained.
[0028] Furthermore, optical sensors do not need to operate during the brief dark period of the display between frame refreshes. Therefore, optical sensors can also be used in advanced displays that exhibit only a very short dark period or even none at all.
[0029] According to at least one embodiment of the optical sensor, the second set of detection channels includes exactly one detection channel whose wavelength of maximum sensitivity is between the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first detection channel and the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the second detection channel. For example, the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of the second set of detection channels corresponds to the average of the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first and second detection channels, with a tolerance of at most 10 nm or at most 5 nm.
[0030] According to at least one embodiment of the optical sensor, the second set of detection channels includes exactly two detection channels, the wavelength of which has the maximum sensitivity is between the wavelength of the maximum sensitivity of the second detection channel and the wavelength of the maximum sensitivity of the third detection channel. For example, the wavelength of the maximum sensitivity of one of the second set of detection channels is less than the average of the wavelengths of the maximum sensitivity of the second and third detection channels, and the wavelength of the maximum sensitivity of the other of the two detection channels in the second set is greater than the average of the wavelengths of the maximum sensitivity of the second and third detection channels.
[0031] According to at least one embodiment of the optical sensor, the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first set of detection channels and the second set of detection channels are arranged together in a spectrally equidistant manner with a tolerance of up to 10%. In other words, the first set of detection channels and the second set of detection channels together have substantially the same spectral spacing.
[0032] According to at least one embodiment of the optical sensor, the detection channel includes a third set of detection channels, wherein the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of at least one detection channel in the third set of detection channels is less than the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of the first detection channel, and / or the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of at least one detection channel in the third set of detection channels is greater than the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of the third detection channel.
[0033] In other words, the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity for all channels in the third group are positioned outside the spectral range extending from the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of the first detection channel to the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of the third detection channel. Therefore, the third group of detection channels can provide spectral information close to the short-wavelength edges and / or the long-wavelength edges of the visible spectral range.
[0034] According to at least one embodiment of the optical sensor, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectral sensitivity of at least one detection channel is at least 90% and at most 150% of the average spectral spacing between two spectrally adjacent detection channels.
[0035] It has been found that a spectral sensitivity distribution with a relatively large full width at half maximum (FWHM) is advantageous for reconstructing the color matching function through an appropriate linear combination of signals. On the other hand, an excessively large FWHM leads to excessive spectral overlap between spectrally adjacent detection channels.
[0036] According to at least one embodiment of the optical sensor, the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first, second, and third sets of detection channels are arranged spectrally equidistantly with a tolerance of up to 10%. Specifically, the entire visible spectrum, or at least a relevant portion thereof, can be covered by the spectrally equidistant detection channels. This facilitates obtaining reliable spectral information and / or the brightness of ambient light perceived by the human eye.
[0037] In addition, a method for manufacturing an optical sensor is provided, wherein the optical sensor is specifically configured as an ambient light sensor behind a display.
[0038] In at least one embodiment of the method, the method includes the steps of: providing spectral information about the emitter of the display, and manufacturing a plurality of detection channels, wherein each detection channel includes a photodetector and a filter. The filters of a first set of detection channels are configured such that the spectral sensitivity of each detection channel in the first set overlaps with the emission spectrum of the associated emitter. The filters of a second set of detection channels are configured such that the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the second set of detection channels are arranged between the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first set of detection channels. The filters of the detection channels are configured such that an optimal matching curve for each of the three CIE1931 color matching functions can be obtained from a linear combination of the spectral sensitivities of the detection channels.
[0039] Therefore, the spectral sensitivity of the first set of detection channels can be adapted to the corresponding spectral characteristics of the display's emitter. Thus, the optical sensor can be customized for different types of displays during its manufacturing process.
[0040] Furthermore, the shape and width of the spectral sensitivity of each detection channel can be optimized to achieve the best match for the color matching function through a suitable linear combination of detection channels.
[0041] This method is particularly suitable for manufacturing optical sensors as described above. Therefore, the characteristics described in conjunction with optical sensors also apply to this method, and vice versa.
[0042] Furthermore, an electronic device including an optical sensor is provided. The optical sensor can include one or more features described above.
[0043] In at least one embodiment of the electronic device, the electronic device includes an optical sensor and a display having a plurality of pixels, wherein the pixels include an emitter having an emission spectrum in the blue, green, and red spectral ranges, and wherein the spectral sensitivity of a detection channel of a first set of detection channels overlaps with the corresponding emission spectrum of the emitter. For example, the wavelength of the maximum sensitivity of the detection channel of the first set of detection channels differs from the peak emission wavelength of the associated emitter by a maximum of 20 nm or a maximum of 10 nm.
[0044] For example, the emitter is a light-emitting diode (LED). For example, the emitter may be based on organic materials. Organic light-emitting diodes are also known as OLEDs. Alternatively, the emitter can be based on inorganic semiconductor materials such as III-V compound semiconductor materials.
[0045] According to at least one embodiment of the electronic device, the optical sensor is arranged behind the display in a top-view view. In other words, ambient light passes through the display on its path to the optical sensor.
[0046] According to at least one embodiment of the electronic device, an optical sensor is configured to analyze ambient light during operation of the display. For example, it may analyze the correlated color temperature and / or irradiance of the ambient light.
[0047] According to at least one embodiment of the electronic device, the optical sensor is configured to compensate for backscattered light from the transmitter by means of a first set of detection channels.
[0048] According to at least one embodiment of the electronic device, the electronic device is configured to adjust the white point of the display based on signals from an optical sensor. For example, if the ambient light is warm white, the white point of the display can be shifted towards warm white.
[0049] Electronic devices can be any device that includes a display. For example, an electronic device can be a mobile or handheld device such as a smartphone, tablet, or laptop, or a wearable device such as a smartwatch, or a fixed device such as a computer monitor or television set.
[0050] In addition, a method for operating an electronic device is provided, wherein the electronic device can be configured as described above.
[0051] According to at least one embodiment of the method, ambient light is analyzed based on signals from at least some detection channels.
[0052] For example, the number of detection channels used for analysis can depend on the contribution of backscattered light to the total signal detected by all detection channels. If, for example, the contribution of backscattered light is small compared to ambient light, then most or all detection channels can be used to analyze ambient light.
[0053] If the contribution of backscattered light is relatively large, the backscattered light can be compensated by using the first set of detection channels.
[0054] According to at least one embodiment of the method, at least some of the display's emitters are operated during ambient light detection. Specifically, ambient light detection does not require a dark period for the display.
[0055] According to at least one embodiment of the method, the signals from the first set of detection channels are used to compensate for backscattered light from the transmitter. This helps improve the reliability of ambient light detection.
[0056] According to at least one embodiment of the method, spectral reconstruction of ambient light is performed. For example, the spectral reconstruction of ambient light can be used to identify light sources surrounding an electronic device. Based on this information, display properties such as the white point can be adjusted to increase user comfort.
[0057] For example, ambient light calculations can be performed. For example, a signal similar to human eye perception can be derived using a 3×3 matrix employing a compensated second set of detection channels. Typically, compensated spectral reconstruction can be performed using an m×n matrix, where m is the number of detection channels used and n is the number of spectral components to be considered.
[0058] The described array of detection channels enables high reliability in ambient light sensing. In particular, reliability is increased compared to methods that use only the spectral range between the emission spectra of the display's emitter, as these spectral ranges alone provide only limited information about the spectrum of ambient light.
[0059] The features described above in conjunction with at least one embodiment of an optical sensor or electronic device or one of the methods can be combined with other features described in conjunction with at least one embodiment of an optical sensor or electronic device or one of the methods, unless they contradict each other.
[0060] Further features and conveniences will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0061] In the exemplary embodiments and drawings, similar or functionally similar components are designated by the same reference numerals. Only the differences between the various exemplary embodiments are described. Unless otherwise stated, the description of a component or feature in one exemplary embodiment also applies to a corresponding component or feature in another exemplary embodiment.
[0062] In the attached diagram: Figure 1A and Figure 1B A cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an optical sensor is shown. Figure 1A ) and top view ( Figure 1B ); Figure 1C An exemplary implementation of the detection channel of an optical sensor is shown; Figure 1D A cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an electronic device is shown; Figure 1E A comparison is shown between the spectral sensitivity S (A / W) of an exemplary embodiment of an optical sensor and the spectral intensity I (W) of the emitter of a display, the spectral sensitivity of a filterless silicon photodiode, and an example of the ambient light spectrum. Figure 1F The spectral sensitivity S(A / W), three CIE1931 color matching functions (8Z, 8Y, 8X) of the detection channel according to an exemplary embodiment of optical sensor 1 are shown, as well as the associated best-fit curve obtained from the linear combination of the spectral sensitivity of the shown detection channel. Figure 2A A comparison is shown between the spectral sensitivity S (A / W) of an exemplary embodiment of an optical sensor and the emission spectrum of a display emitter, the sensitivity of a filterless silicon photodiode, and an example of ambient light spectrum. Figure 2B The spectral sensitivity of the detection channel according to an exemplary embodiment of the optical sensor, three CIE1931 color matching functions, and associated best-fit curves obtained from a linear combination of the spectral sensitivity of the illustrated detection channel are shown. Figure 3 A comparison is shown between the spectral sensitivity S of an exemplary embodiment of an optical sensor and examples of the emission spectrum of a display emitter, the sensitivity of a filterless silicon photodiode, and the ambient light spectrum. Figure 4 An exemplary embodiment of a method for manufacturing an optical sensor is shown; and Figure 5 An exemplary implementation of a method for operating an electronic device is shown.
[0063] The elements shown in the accompanying drawings and their dimensional relationships are not necessarily drawn to scale. Instead, for better representation and / or for better understanding, individual elements or layer thicknesses may be represented with exaggerated dimensions. Detailed Implementation
[0064] Exemplary embodiments of optical sensor 1 and electronic device 10 are in Figures 1A to 1F As shown in the image.
[0065] The optical sensor 1 includes multiple detection channels 2.
[0066] like Figure 1C As shown, detection channels 2 each include a photodetector 3 and a filter 4. The filter 4 allows for the limitation of the spectral sensitivity of the corresponding detection channel 2. Each filter 4 may include an interference filter, an absorption filter, a plasma filter, or a combination thereof.
[0067] like Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown, the optical sensor 1 may include a sensor chip 11 having a photosensitive region 15. The optical sensor 1 may also include an optional sensor package 12 having an aperture 13. A filter structure 40 including a plurality of filters 4 is arranged on top of the photosensitive region 15 to define the corresponding spectral sensitivity of the detection channel 2.
[0068] Figure 1B An exemplary example is shown with 16 filters 4 in a 4×4 array. However, the number of filters 4 and associated photodetectors 3 can vary over a wide range. Each detection channel 2 can include one or more photodetectors 3 with associated filters 4.
[0069] like Figure 1D As shown, the optical sensor 1 is particularly suitable as an optical sensor 1 configured to be placed below the display 5 of the electronic device 10. For example, the electronic device 10 is a mobile electronic device or a fixed electronic device.
[0070] The display 5 includes a plurality of pixels 51, wherein each pixel 51 includes an emitter 51B configured to emit radiation in the blue spectrum, an emitter 51G configured to emit radiation in the green spectrum, and an emitter 51R configured to emit radiation in the red spectrum, thereby providing a full-color RGB display.
[0071] exist Figure 1E In the exemplary embodiment shown, the optical sensor 1 includes eight detection channels 2. The detection channels 2 include a first group of detection channels 21, which has a first detection channel 21B with a wavelength having maximum sensitivity in the blue spectrum, a second detection channel 21G with a wavelength having maximum sensitivity in the green spectrum, and a third detection channel 21R with a wavelength having maximum sensitivity in the red spectrum.
[0072] like Figure 1E As shown, the spectral sensitivities of the first detection channel 21B, the second detection channel 21G, and the third detection channel 21R overlap with the emission spectra of the transmitters 51B, 51G, and 51R, respectively.
[0073] Detection channel 2 also includes a second set of detection channels 22. The second set of detection channels 22 includes three detection channels 22A, 22B and 22C.
[0074] The wavelength of maximum sensitivity for detection channel 22A is positioned between the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity for the first detection channel 21B and the second detection channel 21G. Detection channels 22B and 22C have wavelengths of maximum sensitivity located between the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity for the second detection channel 21G and the third detection channel 21R.
[0075] Furthermore, detection channel 2 includes a third set of detection channels 23. The third set of detection channels 23 includes detection channel 23A, which has a wavelength with a maximum sensitivity that is less than that of the first detection channel 21R. The wavelength with the maximum sensitivity of detection channel 23B of the third set of detection channels 23 is greater than that of the third detection channel 21R.
[0076] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the detection channels 2 are arranged in a spectrally equidistant manner. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) is 120% of the spectral spacing between adjacent detection channels 2. The spectral spacing between the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of spectrally adjacent detection channels 2 is 32.5 nm in each case. However, minor deviations from the spectrally equidistant arrangement are acceptable.
[0077] Figure 1E Several examples of the spectral sensitivity of the filterless silicon photodiode 60 and different spectra of ambient light 65 are also shown.
[0078] like Figure 1E As shown, the first set of detection channels 21 covers the spectrum of emitters 51B, 51G, and 51R of the display 5, enabling these detection channels to compensate for unwanted backscattered light. The detection channels 2 of the second set of detection channels 22 fill the spectral range between the detection channels of the first set of detection channels 21.
[0079] Figure 1F Three color matching functions according to CIE 1931 are also shown. Among them, the color matching function 8Z ( It has a maximum value in the blue spectrum range, and the color matching function 8Y( It has a maximum value in the green spectrum range, and the color matching function is 8X( It has a global maximum near 600 nm and another local maximum in the blue spectrum.
[0080] The figure also shows the associated best-fit curves 7Z, 7Y, and 7X, which are obtained from linear combinations of the spectral sensitivities of detection channels 2. For example, the color matching function 8Z overlaps with the spectral sensitivities on multiple detection channels 2 and can be approximated by linear combinations of the spectral sensitivities of these detection channels, where detection channels 23A, 21B, and 22A represent the principal components.
[0081] An appropriate linear combination of signals from detection channel 2 allows for the high-precision acquisition of the tristimulus values X, Y, and Z of ambient light 65. For example... Figure 1F As shown, there are only minor deviations between the color matching functions 8Z, 8Y, 8X and their associated best-fit curves 7Z, 7Y, 7X.
[0082] Since the emission spectra of the detection channels 21B, 21G, and 21R of the first set of detection channels 21 overlap with those of the emitters 51B, 51G, and 51R of the display 5, it is possible to compensate for the signal caused by the unwanted backscattered light from the display 5.
[0083] This helps increase the contrast between ambient light and backscattered light, thereby obtaining the irradiance and / or correlated color temperature of ambient light 65 with sufficient accuracy.
[0084] The detection channels of the third group of detection channels 23 add additional spectral information near the short-wavelength edges and long-wavelength edges of the visible spectrum.
[0085] By specifically adjusting the shape and / or width of the spectral sensitivity of each of the detection channels 2, the fitting accuracy of the color matching functions 8X, 8Y, and 8Z through linear combination can be further improved.
[0086] The undesirable contribution of backscattered light from display 5 can be estimated by comparing the signal from the first set of detection channels 21 with the average signal from all detection channels 2. If the contribution is relatively large, the signal from the first set of detection channels 21 can be used to compensate for the contribution in order to obtain reliable information about the ambient light 65 perceived by the human eye.
[0087] If the contribution of backscattered light is small compared to ambient light 65, the signals from all detection channels 2 can be used to obtain correlated color temperature or irradiance, or to perform spectral reconstruction, for example, for the purpose of light source identification.
[0088] Figure 2A and Figure 2B An exemplary embodiment relating to optical sensor 1 is substantially as described in conjunction with... Figures 1A to 1F The configuration described above differs from the aforementioned exemplary implementation. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of detection channel 2 is 110% of the spectral spacing between adjacent detection channels. Therefore, spectral overlap between adjacent detection channels is reduced. Figure 2B As shown, the linear combination of these spectral sensitivities allows for obtaining the best-fit curves for each color matching function 8X, 8Y, 8Z, and 7X, 7Y, 7Z with good accuracy. However, compared with... Figure 1F The comparison reveals that if the width of the spectral sensitivity decreases, the deviation between the best-fit curve and the associated color matching function increases.
[0089] Figure 3 An exemplary embodiment relating to optical sensor 1, which substantially corresponds to the combination of Figure 2A and Figure 2B The exemplary implementation described herein.
[0090] Unlike the aforementioned exemplary embodiments, the optical sensor 1 includes detection channels 2 of a first set of detection channels 21 and a second set of detection channels 22. Therefore, the optical sensor 1 includes six detection channels 2, resulting in a reduction in the complexity of the optical sensor 1. However, this comes at the cost of reduced spectral information of ambient light 65 at the short-wavelength and long-wavelength edges of the visible spectrum.
[0091] Figure 4 An exemplary embodiment of a method for manufacturing an optical sensor is illustrated schematically. For better understanding, even if features are not present... Figure 4 As clearly shown in the figures, the same reference numerals as those in the foregoing figures are also used for the features.
[0092] In step S1, spectral information about the emitters 51B, 51G, and 51R of the display 5 is provided.
[0093] In step S2, a plurality of detection channels 2 are manufactured, wherein each detection channel 2 includes a photodetector 3 and a filter 4. The filter 4 of the first group of detection channels 21 is configured such that the spectral sensitivity of each detection channel 21B, 21G, 21R of the first group of detection channels 21 overlaps with the emission spectrum of the associated emitter 51B, 51G, 51R of the display 5.
[0094] The filter 4 of the second group of detection channels 22 is configured such that the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the detection channels 22A, 22B, and 22C of the second group of detection channels 22 are arranged between the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first group of detection channels 21.
[0095] The filter 4 of detection channel 2 is configured to obtain the best matching curves 7Z, 7Y, and 7X for each of the three CIE1931 color matching functions 8Z, 8Y, and 8X from the linear combination of the spectral sensitivities of detection channel 2.
[0096] Therefore, the detection channel 2 can be specifically adapted to the spectral characteristics of the emitters 51B, 51G, and 51R of the display 5 during the manufacturing of the optical sensor 1.
[0097] In particular, the manufactured optical sensor 1 can be configured as described in the aforementioned exemplary embodiments.
[0098] Figure 5An exemplary embodiment of a method for operating electronic device 10 is illustrated schematically. For better understanding, even if features are not explicitly stated... Figure 5 As clearly shown in the figures, the same reference numerals as those in the foregoing figures are also used for the features.
[0099] In step S10, an electronic device 10 is provided. In particular, the electronic device 10 can be configured as described in the foregoing exemplary embodiments.
[0100] In step S2, ambient light 65 is analyzed based on signals from at least some of the detection channels 2. The signals from the first set of detection channels 21 can be used to compensate for backscattered light from emitters 51B, 51G, and 51R.
[0101] Specifically, emitters 51B, 51G, and 51R are capable of emitting light during the detection of ambient light 65. Therefore, it is not necessary to detect ambient light 65 during the dark period of display 5.
[0102] The signal from optical sensor 1 can be used to adapt the display properties to ambient light conditions.
[0103] Alternatively or additionally, it is possible to perform spectral reconstruction of ambient light 65, for example, to obtain information about the light source providing ambient light 65.
[0104] This patent application claims priority to German patent application 10 2024 108 260.7, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
[0105] The invention described herein is not limited to the description given with reference to exemplary embodiments. Rather, the invention covers any novel features and any combination of features, particularly any combination of features in the claims, even if the feature or combination itself is not expressly specified in the claims or exemplary embodiments.
[0106] List of reference numerals
[0107] 1. Optical Sensor
[0108] 11 Sensor Chips
[0109] 12 Sensor Packaging
[0110] 13 Aperture
[0111] 15 Photosensitive areas
[0112] 10 Electronic devices
[0113] 2 Detection Channels
[0114] 21 First testing channel
[0115] 21B First Detection Channel
[0116] 21G Second Detection Channel
[0117] 21R Third Detection Channel
[0118] 22 Second detection channel
[0119] Detection channels 22A, 22B, and 22C (Second Group)
[0120] 23 Third testing channel
[0121] Detection channels 23A and 23B (third group)
[0122] 3. Photodetector
[0123] 4 Filters
[0124] 40 Filter Structure
[0125] 5. Monitors
[0126] 51 pixels
[0127] 51B, 51G, and 51R transmitters
[0128] 60. Sensitivity of silicon photodiodes
[0129] 65 Ambient Light
[0130] 7X, 7Y, 7Z best-fit curves
[0131] 8X, 8Y, 8Z color matching functions
[0132] Steps S1 and S2
[0133] Steps S10 and S20.
Claims
1. An optical sensor (1) comprising multiple detection channels (2), wherein, - The detection channel (2) includes a photodetector (3) and a filter (4) to limit the spectral sensitivity of the corresponding detection channel (2); - The detection channel (2) includes a first group of detection channels (21), which includes a first detection channel (21B) with a wavelength having the maximum sensitivity in the blue spectral range, a second detection channel (21G) with a wavelength having the maximum sensitivity in the green spectral range, and a third detection channel (21R) with a wavelength having the maximum sensitivity in the red spectral range. - The detection channel (2) includes a second set of detection channels (22), wherein the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of the second set of detection channels (22) is set between the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first set of detection channels; and - The spectral sensitivity of the detection channel (2) is configured such that the best matching curve (7Z, 7Y, 7X) for each of the three CIE1931 color matching functions (8Z, 8Y, 8X) can be obtained from the linear combination of the spectral sensitivities of the detection channel (2).
2. The optical sensor according to claim 1, in, - The second set of detection channels (22) includes a detection channel (22A) having a wavelength of maximum sensitivity that is exactly between the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of the first detection channel (21B) and the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of the second detection channel (21G); and - The second set of detection channels includes two detection channels (22B, 22C) that have a wavelength of maximum sensitivity between the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of the second detection channel (21G) and the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of the third detection channel (21R).
3. The optical sensor according to claim 2, in, The wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first group of detection channels (21) and the second group of detection channels (22) are combined and arranged in a spectrally equidistant manner with a tolerance of up to 10%.
4. The optical sensor according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The detection channel (2) includes a third set of detection channels (23), wherein, - The wavelength of maximum sensitivity of at least one detection channel of the third group of detection channels (23) is less than the wavelength of maximum sensitivity of the first detection channel (21B); and / or - The wavelength of the maximum sensitivity of at least one detection channel of the third group of detection channels (23) is greater than the wavelength of the maximum sensitivity of the third detection channel (21R).
5. The optical sensor according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectral sensitivity of at least one of the detection channels (2) is at least 90% and at most 150% of the average spectral spacing between two spectrally adjacent detection channels (2).
6. The optical sensor according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first group of detection channels (21), the second group of detection channels (22) and the third group of detection channels (23) are combined and arranged in a spectrally equidistant manner with a tolerance of up to 10%.
7. A method for manufacturing an optical sensor (1) configured as an ambient light sensor behind a display (5), The method includes the following steps: a) Provide spectral information about the transmitters (51B, 51G, 51R) of the display (5); b) Manufacture multiple detection channels (2), each detection channel (2) comprising a photodetector (3) and a filter (4), wherein, - The filter (4) of the first set of detection channels (21) is configured such that the spectral sensitivity of each detection channel (21B, 21G, 21R) of the first set of detection channels (21) overlaps with the emission spectrum of the associated emitter (51B, 51G, 51R); - The filter (4) of the second set of detection channels (22) is configured such that the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the detection channels (22A, 22B, 22C) of the second set of detection channels (22) are arranged between the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity of the first set of detection channels (21); and - The filter (4) of the detection channel (2) is configured such that the best matching curve (7Z, 7Y, 7X) for each of the three CIE1931 color matching functions (8Z, 8Y, 8X) can be obtained from the linear combination of the spectral sensitivities of the detection channel (2).
8. The method according to claim 7, in, Manufacturing an optical sensor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. An electronic device (10) comprising an optical sensor (1) according to any one of the preceding claims and a display (5) having a plurality of pixels (51), said pixels including emitters (51B, 51G, 51R) having emission spectra in the blue, green and red spectral ranges, wherein, The spectral sensitivity of the detection channel of the first set of detection channels (21) overlaps with the corresponding emission spectrum of the emitter (51B, 51G, 51R).
10. The electronic device according to claim 9, in, The optical sensor (1) is arranged behind the display (5) in a top view of the display (5).
11. The electronic device according to claim 9 or 10, in, The optical sensor (1) is configured to analyze ambient light (65) during operation of the display (5).
12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, in, The optical sensor (1) is configured to compensate for backscattered light from the transmitter (51B, 51G, 51R) by means of the first set of detection channels (21).
13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, in, The electronic device (10) is configured to adjust the white point of the display (5) based on a signal from the optical sensor (1).
14. A method for operating the electronic device (10) according to any one of claims 9 to 13, in, Ambient light (65) is analyzed based on signals from at least some of the detection channels (2).
15. The method according to claim 14, in, During the detection of the ambient light (65), at least some of the transmitters (51B, 51G, 51R) are operated.
16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, in, The signals from the first set of detection channels (21) are used to compensate for backscattered light from the transmitters (51B, 51G, 51R).
17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, in, Perform spectral reconstruction of the ambient light (65).