Window structure and sheet

Abstract

A window structure according to an embodiment includes a window having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, and a sheet attached to at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the window, the sheet including a base resin and an inorganic filler. At least one of a reflection intensity of an electric wave of a predetermined frequency band that penetrates the window and reaches the sheet, and a reflection intensity of an electric wave of the predetermined frequency band that penetrates the sheet and reaches the window, is lower than a reflection intensity of an electric wave of the predetermined frequency band that penetrates the window when either one of the first surface and the second surface, or both the first surface and the second surface, is in contact with air. The base resin is a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a window structure and a sheet material. Background Technology

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a window structure. This window structure consists of a support frame fixed to a wall and glass surrounded by the window frame. A portion of the glass surface is covered with a film that blocks electromagnetic waves. A portion of the electromagnetic wave-blocking film on the glass surface is removed to form a window section. The window section allows specific electromagnetic waves to pass through while blocking electromagnetic waves other than those specific ones.

[0003] Non-patent document 1 discloses a transmissive metasurface. The transmissive metasurface is in the form of a film. The transmissive metasurface is attached to a window from the interior side of a building, causing millimeter-wave radio waves inside the building to be refracted, thereby localizing the near-ground area of ​​the building outside.

[0004] Existing technical documents Patent documents Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-87055 Non-patent literature [Non-Patent Document 1] NTT DoCoMo, Inc., “World’s First: Successful Verification of Transmitting Indoor Radio Waves to Near-Ground Area of ​​an Outdoor Building Using a Transmissive Metasurface” (Internet) [https: / / www.docomo.ne.jp / binary / pdf / info / news_release / topics_230130_04.pdf] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem that the invention aims to solve However, in some situations, it is necessary to ensure that radio waves are not easily blocked by buildings with windows. For example, compared to 4G radio waves, 5G and 6G radio waves are more easily blocked within buildings and are more susceptible to attenuation due to buildings or distance. Therefore, situations may arise where the communication environment inside a building becomes unstable, leading to the inability to receive radio waves.

[0006] One of the purposes of this disclosure is to provide a window structure and sheet capable of suppressing the blocking and attenuation of electromagnetic waves caused by buildings.

[0007] Methods for solving problems (1) The window structure disclosed herein comprises: a window having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a sheet attached to at least one of the first and second surfaces of the window, the sheet comprising a matrix resin and inorganic fillers. At least one of the reflection intensity of a radio wave of a fixed frequency band penetrating the window and reaching the sheet, and the reflection intensity of a radio wave of a fixed frequency band penetrating the sheet and reaching the window, is lower than the reflection intensity of a radio wave of a fixed frequency band penetrating either the first or second surface, or when both the first and second surfaces are in contact with air. The matrix resin is a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin.

[0008] In this window structure, at least one of the reflection intensity of a frequency band of electromagnetic waves penetrating the window and reaching the sheet, and the reflection intensity of a frequency band of electromagnetic waves penetrating the sheet and reaching the window, is lower than the reflection intensity of a frequency band of electromagnetic waves penetrating either the first or second surface, or both of which are in contact with air. Thus, because the reflection intensity of the frequency band of electromagnetic waves is lower, according to the law of conservation of energy regarding the reflection and penetration of electromagnetic waves, the intensity of the electromagnetic waves penetrating the window and the sheet can be increased. By suppressing the blocking and attenuation of electromagnetic waves and increasing the penetration intensity of electromagnetic waves, the communication environment inside the building can be made more stable.

[0009] (2) In (1) above, the matrix resin may include at least one of polystyrene and polyethylene.

[0010] (3) In (1) or (2) above, the sheet may contain 1-90% by volume of inorganic filler.

[0011] (4) In any of (1) to (3) above, the inorganic filler may be at least one selected from the group consisting of barium titanate, calcium titanate, strontium titanate and titanium-strontium-zirconium materials.

[0012] (5) In any of (1) to (4) above, the particle size of the inorganic filler can be 0.001 to 100 μm.

[0013] (6) In any of (1) to (5) above, the window structure may have a double window, the double window having two windows and a sheet attached to at least one of the first and second surfaces of the two windows.

[0014] (7) In (6) above, the double window can have an interlayer of laminated glass.

[0015] (8) In (6) above, the double window can have a thermal shielding layer.

[0016] (9) In any of (1) to (8) above, the periphery of the sheet can be fixed to the window with tape, and the sheet can be tightly fitted to the window.

[0017] (10) In any of (1) to (9) above, the sheet may include at least one of an adhesive layer and a glue layer.

[0018] (11) In any of (1) to (10) above, the sheet may be embossed.

[0019] (12) This disclosure relates to a sheet material attached to at least one of a first surface and a second surface of a window having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The sheet material comprises a matrix resin and an inorganic filler. At least one of the reflection intensity of electromagnetic waves of a predetermined frequency band penetrating the window and reaching the sheet material, and the reflection intensity of electromagnetic waves of a predetermined frequency band penetrating the sheet material and reaching the window, is lower than the reflection intensity of electromagnetic waves of a predetermined frequency band penetrating either the first surface or the second surface, or when both the first surface and the second surface are in contact with air. The sheet material can achieve the same functional effect as the aforementioned window structure.

[0020] The effects of the invention According to this disclosure, it is possible to suppress the blocking and attenuation of radio waves caused by buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a diagram schematically illustrating the window structure involved in one implementation.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a window structure involved in one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the window and sheet material representing a window structure according to one embodiment.

[0024] Figure 4 It is used to explain relative to Figure 3 The reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves through the window.

[0025] Figure 5 It is used to explain relative to Figure 3 The window and the sheet material reflect and transmit electromagnetic waves.

[0026] Figure 6 (a) is a cross-sectional view of the window structure involved in the first modified example. Figure 6 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the window structure involved in the second variation.

[0027] Figure 7 (a) is a cross-sectional view of the window structure involved in the third variation. Figure 7 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the window structure involved in the fourth variation.

[0028] Figure 8 (a) is a cross-sectional view of the window structure involved in the fifth variation. Figure 8 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the window structure involved in the sixth variation.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a diagram used to illustrate an experiment for measuring radio wave intensity.

[0030] Figure 10 It is a graph representing the results of an electromagnetic wave intensity measurement test. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Hereinafter, embodiments of the window structure and sheet material involved in this disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same or corresponding elements are given the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions are omitted appropriately. For ease of understanding, some contents may be simplified or exaggerated in the drawings, and their dimensions and proportions are not limited to those shown in the drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 This diagram schematically illustrates a window structure 1 according to one embodiment. The window structure 1 is installed in a building S. As an example, the window structure 1 includes: a window frame 2 fixed to the building S, a window sash 3 located inside the window frame 2, and a window 10 located inside the window sash 3. For example, the window 10 is made of glass. However, there are no particular limitations on the material of the window 10.

[0033] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the window structure 1 is shown when the surfaces extending along the extension direction of the window 10 and along the thickness direction of the window 10 are truncated. (See figure) Figure 2 As shown, window 10 has a first surface 11 facing the exterior of building S and a second surface 12 facing the interior of building S. Window structure 1 has a sheet 20 attached to at least one of the first surface 11 and the second surface 12.

[0034] The sheet 20 can be attached, for example, to a portion of at least one of the first surface 11 and the second surface 12. In this case, the area of ​​the attached sheet 20 is smaller than the area of ​​the window 10. Alternatively, the sheet 20 can be attached to the entirety of at least one of the first surface 11 and the second surface 12. In this case, the area of ​​the attached sheet 20 is approximately the same as the area of ​​the window 10.

[0035] exist Figure 2The diagram shows an example of sheet 20 being attached to the second surface 12. For example, sheet 20 is tightly fitted to window 10. For example, window structure 1 has tape 30 for attaching sheet 20 to window 10. The periphery of sheet 20 is fixed to window 10 by tape 30. Sheet 20 has, for example, a first surface 21 that is tightly fitted to the second surface 12 of window 10, and a second surface 22 opposite to the first surface 21. In this embodiment, the first surface 21 is the surface facing the exterior of building S, and the second surface 22 is the surface facing the interior of building S.

[0036] For example, the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 of the sheet are flat surfaces. However, at least either the first surface 21 or the second surface of the sheet may also have irregularities. For example, the sheet 20 may be embossed.

[0037] The sheet 20 comprises a matrix resin and inorganic fillers. The matrix resin is, for example, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. The thermoplastic resin contained in the sheet 20 may be, for example, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), acrylic resin, or polyamide. The thermoplastic resin contained in the sheet 20 may also be at least one selected from the group consisting of polystyrene and polyethylene. The thermosetting resin contained in the sheet 20 may be, for example, silicone resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, melamine resin, or polyurethane resin. For example, the thermosetting resin contained in the sheet 20 may be silicone resin.

[0038] For example, the inorganic filler contained in sheet 20 is a high-dielectric filler. The relative permittivity of the high-dielectric filler can be, for example, above 10, above 100, above 1000, or above 5000. When the relative permittivity is high, the relative permittivity of sheet 20 can be adjusted with a smaller filler amount. The relative permittivity of the high-dielectric filler can also be below 10 or below 5.

[0039] Inorganic fillers can be exemplified by titanium-based fillers, zirconium-based fillers, or aluminum-based fillers. Examples of titanium fillers include barium titanate, calcium titanate, strontium titanate, zirconium oxide, or alumina. Inorganic fillers can also be at least one selected from the group consisting of barium titanate, calcium titanate, strontium titanate, and titanium-strontium-zirconium materials.

[0040] For example, the inorganic filler contained in sheet 20 has a particle size of 0.001 to 100 μm. The particle size of the inorganic filler can also be 0.01 μm or more, 0.05 μm or more, 0.1 μm or more, 0.5 μm or more, 1 μm or more, or 5 μm or more. The particle size of the inorganic filler can also be less than 50 μm, less than 20 μm, or less than 10 μm.

[0041] For example, sheet 20 contains 1 to 90% by volume of inorganic filler. Sheet 20 may also contain 10% or more, 20% or more, 30% or more, or 40% or more of inorganic filler. Sheet 20 may also contain less than 80% by volume, less than 70% by volume, less than 60% by volume, or less than 50% by volume of inorganic filler. By adjusting the content of inorganic filler, the relative permittivity of sheet 20 can be adjusted. The content of inorganic filler can also be appropriately adjusted according to the required relative permittivity of sheet 20.

[0042] Sheet 20 may also contain epoxy resin and barium titanate filler. Alternatively, sheet 20 may also contain polystyrene resin and barium titanate filler.

[0043] For example, the thickness of sheet 20 (the distance from the first surface 21 to the second surface 22) is 100–200 μm. The relative permittivity of sheet 20 can be adjusted by varying its thickness. The thickness of sheet 20 can also be appropriately adjusted according to the required relative permittivity. As an example, the permittivity of sheet 20 is 29–34.

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrates window 10, sheet 20, the penetrating window 10, and a cross-sectional view of sheet 20 or the radio wave W reflected therefrom. The radio wave W is, for example, a 5G communication wave or a 6G communication wave. Generally, compared to 4G communication waves, 5G and 6G communication waves are more easily blocked or attenuated within buildings. Figure 3 In the diagram, the incident wave W and the transmitted waves W4 and W7 are represented by solid lines, and the reflected waves W1, W5, and W6 are represented by dashed lines. The reflected waves W2 and W3, whose phases are adjusted by the sheet 20, are represented by thick dashed lines. The reflected waves W2 and W3 are the reflected waves whose phases can be adjusted by the sheet 20.

[0045] The sheet 20 involved in this embodiment has the function of controlling radio waves W. To improve the transmittance of radio waves W through the window 10, the sheet 20 is attached to the window 10. Radio waves W reaching the window 10 without the sheet 20 attached are separated into a reflected wave W5 reflected at the first surface 11, a reflected wave W6 that penetrates the first surface 11 and is reflected at the second surface 12, and a transmitted wave W7 that penetrates the second surface 12. Radio waves W reaching the window 10 with the sheet 20 attached are separated into a reflected wave W1 reflected at the first surface 11, a reflected wave W2 that penetrates the first surface 11 and is reflected at the first surface 21 of the sheet, a reflected wave W3 that penetrates the first surface 21 of the sheet and is reflected at the second surface 22 of the sheet, and a transmitted wave W4 that penetrates the second surface 22 of the sheet. The intensity of the transmitted wave W4 is greater than the intensity of the transmitted wave W7. The window 10 with the sheet 20 attached has a higher transmittance of radio waves W compared to the window 10 without the sheet 20 attached. For example, when sheet 20 is attached to the second surface 12 of window 10, the penetration rate of radio waves W into the room can be increased.

[0046] Figure 4 The diagram schematically illustrates the reflected wave and the transmitted wave of the radio wave W relative to window 10. Figure 5 The diagram schematically illustrates the reflected and transmitted waves of the radio wave W relative to window 10 and sheet 20. The radio wave W incident on window 10, where sheet 20 is not attached, has a negative reflection coefficient at the first surface 11 and a positive reflection coefficient at the second surface 12. Since the thickness of window 10 cannot be adjusted, it is impossible to enhance the transmitted wave W7 by canceling the reflected waves W5 and W6.

[0047] The electromagnetic wave W incident on the window 10 with the sheet 20 attached has a negative reflection coefficient at the first surface 11, a negative reflection coefficient at the second surface 12 (i.e., the first surface 21 of the sheet), and a positive reflection coefficient at the second surface 22 of the sheet. Although the thickness of the window 10 cannot be adjusted, the intensity and phase of the reflected waves W2 and W3 can be adjusted by adjusting the dielectric constant and thickness of the sheet 20, thereby suppressing the reflected waves W2 and W3 and enhancing the transmitted wave W4.

[0048] If the relative permittivity of the dielectric is set as εr and the wavelength in vacuum is set as λ0, then the wavelength λ of the electric wave in the dielectric can be obtained by the following equation (1). As shown in equation (1), the larger the relative permittivity of the dielectric, the smaller the wavelength λ of the electric wave in the dielectric.

[0049] Formula 1 The dielectric constant of window 10 (e.g., glass) is greater than that of air, and the dielectric constant of sheet 20 is greater than that of window 10. The wavelength of electromagnetic waves passing through window 10 is shorter than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves in air, and the wavelength of electromagnetic waves passing through sheet 20 is shorter than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves passing through window 10. The reflection intensity of electromagnetic waves W in the designated frequency band that penetrate window 10 and reach sheet 20 is lower than the reflection intensity of electromagnetic waves W in the designated frequency band that penetrate either the first surface 11 or the second surface 12, or when both the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are in contact with air. For example, the reflection intensity of electromagnetic waves in the designated frequency band that penetrate sheet 20 and reach window 10 is lower than the reflection intensity of electromagnetic waves in the designated frequency band that penetrate either the first surface 11 or the second surface 12, or when both the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are in contact with air.

[0050] The aforementioned frequency band is, for example, a 5G radio wave band (e.g., a millimeter wave band) or a 6G radio wave band (e.g., an Asia-Pacific Hertz band). In this embodiment, the intensity of the reflected wave that penetrates the window 10 and is reflected at the sheet 20 (the first surface 21 or the second surface 22 of the sheet), and then travels from the window 10 to the opposite side of the sheet 20, is lower than the intensity of the radio waves penetrating the window 10 and the sheet 20.

[0051] In this embodiment, the sheet 20 attenuates the reflected wave by canceling out the phase of the reflected wave, thereby suppressing the attenuation of the transmitted wave. For example, by canceling out the phase of the reflected wave W1 reflected at the first surface 11 with the phase of the reflected wave W2 reflected at the first surface 21 of the sheet and the phase of the reflected wave W3 reflected at the second surface 22 of the sheet, the intensity of the reflected wave incident from the window 10 to the opposite side of the sheet 20 is reduced.

[0052] If we denote the energy of the reflected wave from window 10 to the opposite side of sheet 20 as R, and the energy of the transmitted wave penetrating window 10 and sheet 20 as T, then according to the law of conservation of energy, R + T = 1. As described above, when the intensity of the reflected wave from window 10 to the opposite side of sheet 20 decreases, the intensity of the transmitted wave W4 penetrating window 10 and sheet 20 will increase. By attaching the sheet 20 containing the dielectric to window 10, the intensity of the transmitted wave W4 penetrating window 10 and sheet 20 can be increased.

[0053] When the thickness of window 10 is set to dg, the dielectric constant of window 10 (e.g., glass) is set to εg, the thickness of sheet 20 is set to da, and the dielectric constant of sheet 20 is set to εa, by adjusting the values ​​of da and εa, the phase and intensity of reflected waves W2 and W3 can be staggered, and the phase can be adjusted using the optical path difference between reflected waves W1 and W3. Considering multiple reflections, the values ​​of da and εa can also be adjusted.

[0054] In the window structure 1 of this embodiment, at least one of the reflection intensity of the fixed-frequency electromagnetic wave W that penetrates the window 10 and reaches the sheet 20, and the reflection intensity of the fixed-frequency electromagnetic wave that penetrates the sheet 20 and reaches the window 10, is lower than the reflection intensity of the fixed-frequency electromagnetic wave of the window 10 when it penetrates the first surface 11 or the second surface 12 of the window 10, or both of which are in contact with air. Because the reflection intensity of the fixed-frequency electromagnetic wave is low, according to the law of conservation of energy regarding the reflection and penetration of electromagnetic waves, the intensity of the electromagnetic wave (e.g., the penetrating wave W4) penetrating the window 10 and the sheet 20 can be increased. By suppressing the blocking and attenuation of electromagnetic waves and increasing the penetration intensity of electromagnetic waves, the communication environment inside the building S can be made more stable.

[0055] Various variations of the window structure involved in this disclosure are described. Figure 6 (a) A schematic cross-sectional view of the window structure 1A according to the first modified example is shown. The window structure 1A has a pair of sheets 20A attached to both the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the window 10. The sheet 20A differs from the sheet 20 described above in that it has an adhesive layer 23. The sheet 20A can be used in place of the sheet 20. The sheet 20A attached to the first surface 11 can be, for example, the same as the sheet 20A attached to the second surface 12. However, the sheet 20A attached to the first surface 11 can also be different from the sheet 20A attached to the second surface 12. At least one of the thickness and dielectric constant of the sheet 20A attached to the first surface 11 can also be different from at least one of the thickness and dielectric constant of the sheet 20A attached to the second surface 12.

[0056] For example, before being attached to window 10, sheet 20A has release paper adhered to adhesive layer 23, and adhesive layer 23, after the release paper has been peeled off, is attached to window 10. In this case, the aforementioned tape 30 is not required. Sheet 20A may also be provided with an adhesive layer made of adhesive to replace adhesive layer 23. In window structure 1A, by attaching sheet 20A to both the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of window 10, the transmittance of radio waves can be improved compared to the case where sheet 20A is not attached to window 10.

[0057] Figure 6 (b) A cross-sectional view of the window structure 1B according to the second modified example is shown schematically. The window structure 1B has a sheet 20A attached to a first surface 11 of the window 10. In the window structure 1B, by attaching the sheet 20A to the first surface 11 of the window 10, the transmittance of radio waves can be improved compared to the case where the sheet 20A is not attached to the window 10. Alternatively, the sheet 20A can also be attached to a second surface 12.

[0058] Figure 7(a) A cross-sectional view of the window structure 1C according to the third variation is shown schematically. The window structure 1C has two windows 10. The window structure 1C includes a double-glazed window 40, which has two windows 10 and a sheet 20 attached to at least one of the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the two windows 10. For example, an air gap is formed between the two windows 10. Figure 7 (a) is a schematic diagram of the sheet 20 being attached to the outside of the window 10 (e.g., the side in contact with the outside air).

[0059] Figure 7 (b) is a cross-sectional view showing the window structure 1D involved in the fourth modification. In window structure 1D, sheet 20 is attached to the inner side of window 10 (e.g., the side in contact with the intermediate layer). In window structures 1C and 1D, similar to the aforementioned window structure 1, since sheet 20 is attached to the second surface 12 of window 10, the transmittance of radio waves can be improved compared to the case where sheet 20 is not attached to the second surface 12. In the aforementioned window structures 1C and 1D, sheet 20 can also be attached to the first surface 11 of window 10. The attachment position of sheet 20 and the number of attached sheets 20 can be appropriately changed as needed.

[0060] Figure 8 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing the window structure 1E involved in the fifth modified example. The window structure 1E has two windows 10, a sheet 20, and a laminated glass interlayer 45. In the window structure 1E, the double-glazed window 40 includes the laminated glass interlayer 45. The laminated glass interlayer 45 is disposed between the two windows 10 and is tightly bonded to each of the two windows 10. Thus, the sheet 20 can also be used for laminated glass.

[0061] Figure 8 (b) is a cross-sectional view showing the window structure 1F involved in the sixth variation. The window structure 1F has two windows 10, a sheet 20, and a heat shielding layer 46. In the window structure 1F, the double-glazed window 40 has a heat shielding layer 46. The heat shielding layer 46 is provided to suppress heat penetration through the double-glazed window 40.

[0062] The heat shield 46 is attached, for example, to the second surface 12 of the window 10 on the exterior side. However, the heat shield 46 can also be attached to the first surface 11 of the window 10 on the interior side, and there are no particular restrictions on the placement of the heat shield 46. In the window structure 1F equipped with the heat shield 46, not only can the transmittance of electromagnetic waves in the building S be improved, but the heat transmitted through the double-glazed window 40 can also be suppressed by the heat shield 46. Therefore, heat and cold inside the building S can be suppressed.

[0063] The foregoing has described the embodiments and various modifications of the window structure and sheet material involved in this disclosure. However, this disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments or various modifications, and further modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the claims. The structure, shape, size, material, quantity, and arrangement of each part of the window structure and sheet material involved in this disclosure can be appropriately changed within the scope of the above spirit.

[0064] Example The following describes embodiments of the window structure and sheet material involved in this disclosure. The window structure and sheet material involved in this disclosure are not limited to the following embodiments. Figure 9 As shown, radio wave intensity measurement tests were conducted in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 described later. The measuring apparatus used in the radio wave intensity measurement tests included: a turntable for mounting the window 10, a radio wave irradiator for irradiating radio waves onto the window 10, a radio wave receiver for receiving radio waves from the radio wave irradiator, and a measuring instrument for measuring the intensity of the radio waves received by the radio wave receiver. Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are described below.

[0065] (Example 1) An electromagnetic wave emitted by an electromagnetic wave irradiator was made to penetrate the window structure 1 on which the sheet 20 was attached from the window 10 side, and the intensity of the electromagnetic wave penetrating the window structure 1 was measured using a measuring instrument. Samples 1, 2, and 3 were prepared as the sheet 20, and electromagnetic wave measurements were performed on samples 1-3 respectively. The distance from the electromagnetic wave irradiator to the window structure 1 and the distance from the window structure 1 to the electromagnetic wave receiver were both set to approximately 100 cm. As shown in Table 1, samples 1-3 were composite materials formed by uniformly mixing 55.7 vol% polystyrene (manufactured by Toyo Styrene Co., Ltd., product name "Toyo Styrene GP G100C") and 44.3 vol% barium titanate (manufactured by Kyoritsu Materials Co., Ltd., product name "BT-SA"), and then molding them into sheet-like samples with a thickness of approximately 200 μm.

[0066] (Table 1)

[0067] (Example 2) An electromagnetic wave emitted by an electromagnetic wave irradiator was made to penetrate the window structure 1 on which the sheet 20 was attached from the window 10 side, and the intensity of the electromagnetic wave penetrating the window structure 1 was measured using a measuring instrument. Samples 4, 5, and 6 were prepared as the sheet 20, and electromagnetic wave measurements were performed on samples 4 to 6 respectively. The distance from the electromagnetic wave irradiator to the window structure 1 and the distance from the window structure 1 to the electromagnetic wave receiver were both set to approximately 100 cm. As shown in Table 2, samples 4 to 6 were composite materials formed by uniformly mixing 53.9 vol% polystyrene (manufactured by Toyo Styrene Co., Ltd., product name "Toyo Styrene GP G100C") and 46.1 vol% barium titanate (manufactured by Kyoritsu Materials Co., Ltd., product name "BT-SA"), and then molding them into sheet-like samples with a thickness of approximately 200 μm.

[0068] (Table 2)

[0069] (Example 3) An electromagnetic wave emitted by an electromagnetic irradiator was made to penetrate the window structure 1 on which the sheet 20 was attached from the window 10 side, and the intensity of the electromagnetic wave penetrating the window structure 1 was measured using a measuring instrument. As the sheet 20, the following samples 7, 8 and 9 were prepared, and the electromagnetic waves of samples 7 to 9 were measured respectively. As shown in Table 3, samples 7 to 9 were composite materials formed by uniformly mixing 46.0 vol% polystyrene (manufactured by Toyo Styrene Co., Ltd., product name "Toyo Styrene GP G100C") and 54.0 vol% barium titanate (manufactured by Kyoritsu Materials Co., Ltd., product name "BT-SA") and molding them into sheet-like samples with a thickness of about 200 μm.

[0070] (Table 3)

[0071] (Comparative Example 1) Without placing any object on the turntable, the radio waves emitted by the radio wave irradiator propagate through the air and are received by the radio wave receiver. The intensity of the radio waves received by the receiver is measured using a measuring instrument. The distance between the radio wave irradiator and the radio wave receiver is set to approximately 200 cm.

[0072] (Comparative Example 2) Window 10 is placed on a turntable. A radio wave receiver receives radio waves that penetrate window 10, and the intensity of the radio waves received by the receiver is measured using a measuring instrument. The distance from the radio wave irradiator to window 10, and the distance from window 10 to the radio wave receiver, are set to approximately 100 cm.

[0073] Figure 10 These are graphs showing the results of tests conducted to measure the radio wave intensity of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Figure 10 As shown, in Examples 1 to 3 where the sheet 20 is attached to the window 10, the intensity of the transmitted radio waves can be increased compared to Comparative Example 2 where only the window 10 is present. Depending on the frequency band of the radio waves, the intensity of the transmitted radio waves can be increased compared to Comparative Example 1 where only air is present.

[0074] When the frequency band of the radio wave is 27.5 (GHz), the radio wave intensity of Comparative Example 1 is -31.2 (dB), and the radio wave intensity of Comparative Example 2 is -36.8 (dB). In contrast, the radio wave intensity of Example 1 is -32.7 (dB), the radio wave intensity of Example 2 is -32.6 (dB), and the radio wave intensity of Example 3 is -34.0 (dB). It can be seen that the intensity of the penetrating radio wave can be improved compared to Comparative Example 2.

[0075] When the frequency band of the radio wave is 28.0 (GHz), the radio wave intensity of Comparative Example 1 is -31.5 (dB), and the radio wave intensity of Comparative Example 2 is -36.8 (dB). In contrast, the radio wave intensity of Example 1 is -32.0 (dB), the radio wave intensity of Example 2 is -31.4 (dB), and the radio wave intensity of Example 3 is -33.4 (dB). It can be seen that the intensity of the penetrating radio wave can be improved compared to Comparative Example 2.

[0076] In Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4, electromagnetic wave intensity measurement tests were conducted to measure the intensity of electromagnetic waves in a predetermined frequency band that penetrated the sheet 20 and reached the window 10. The measuring apparatus used in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 was the same as the measuring apparatus described above. Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 are described below.

[0077] (Example 4) An electromagnetic wave emitted by an electromagnetic wave irradiator was made to penetrate the window structure 1, which is attached to the window 10, from the side of the sheet 20, and the intensity of the electromagnetic wave penetrating the window structure 1 was measured using a measuring instrument. Except for making the electromagnetic wave penetrate from the side of the sheet 20, the other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0078] (Example 5) An electromagnetic wave emitted by an electromagnetic irradiator was made to penetrate the window structure 1, which is attached to the window 10, from the side of the sheet 20, and the intensity of the electromagnetic wave penetrating the window structure 1 was measured using a measuring instrument. Except for the electromagnetic wave penetrating from the side of the sheet 20, the other conditions were the same as in Example 2.

[0079] (Example 6) An electromagnetic wave emitted by an electromagnetic irradiator was made to penetrate the window structure 1, which is attached to the window 10, from the side of the sheet 20, and the intensity of the electromagnetic wave penetrating the window structure 1 was measured using a measuring instrument. Except for making the electromagnetic wave penetrate from the side of the sheet 20, the other conditions were the same as in Example 3.

[0080] (Comparative Example 3) Comparative Example 3 measured the intensity of the radio wave under the same conditions as Comparative Example 1.

[0081] (Comparative Example 4) Comparative Example 4 measured the intensity of the radio wave under the same conditions as Comparative Example 2.

[0082] Regarding the results of Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5, when the frequency band of the radio wave is 27.5 (GHz), the radio wave intensity of Comparative Example 3 is -31.3 (dB), and the radio wave intensity of Comparative Example 4 is -36.0 (dB). In contrast, the radio wave intensity of Example 4 is -32.7 (dB), the radio wave intensity of Example 5 is -32.7 (dB), and the radio wave intensity of Example 6 is -34.2 (dB). It can be seen that the intensity of penetrating radio waves can be improved compared to Comparative Example 4.

[0083] When the frequency band of the radio wave is 28.0 (GHz), the radio wave intensity of Comparative Example 3 is -31.4 (dB), and the radio wave intensity of Comparative Example 4 is -36.7 (dB). In contrast, the radio wave intensity of Example 4 is -31.8 (dB), the radio wave intensity of Example 5 is -31.6 (dB), and the radio wave intensity of Example 6 is -33.3 (dB). It can be seen that the intensity of the penetrating radio wave can be improved compared to Comparative Example 4.

[0084] As described above, in Examples 4 to 6 where the radio waves are incident from the side of sheet 20, the same situation as in Examples 1 to 3 where the radio waves are incident from the side of window 10 is observed, which can improve the intensity of the radio waves that penetrate the window structure.

[0085] Symbol Explanation 1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F... Window structure, 2... Window frame, 3... Window sash, 10... Window, 11... First side, 12... Second side, 20, 20A... Sheet, 21... First side of sheet, 22... Second side of sheet, 23... Adhesive layer, 30... Tape, 40... Double glazing, 45... Interlayer, 46... Heat shielding layer, S... Building, W... Radio wave, W1, W2, W3... Reflected wave, W4... Transmitted wave.

Claims

1. A window structure comprising: A window having a first side and a second side opposite to the first side; and A sheet attached to at least one of the first and second surfaces of the window, the sheet comprising a matrix resin and inorganic fillers; wherein, At least one of the reflected intensity of electromagnetic waves of a certain frequency band that penetrate the window and reach the sheet, and the reflected intensity of electromagnetic waves of the certain frequency band that penetrate the sheet and reach the window, is lower than the reflected intensity of electromagnetic waves of the certain frequency band that penetrate the window when either the first surface or the second surface is in contact with air, or when both the first surface and the second surface are in contact with air. Furthermore, the matrix resin is a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin.

2. The window structure according to claim 1, wherein, The matrix resin comprises at least one of polystyrene and polyethylene.

3. The window structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The sheet contains 1-90% by volume of the inorganic filler.

4. The window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The inorganic filler is selected from at least one of the following groups: barium titanate, calcium titanate, strontium titanate, and titanium-strontium-zirconium materials.

5. The window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The particle size of the inorganic filler is 0.001–100 μm.

6. The window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, It has a double-glazed window, the double-glazed window having two windows and a sheet attached to at least one of the first and second surfaces of the two windows.

7. The window structure according to claim 6, wherein, The double-glazed window has an interlayer of laminated glass.

8. The window structure according to claim 6, wherein, The double-layered window has a heat shielding layer.

9. The window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The periphery of the sheet is fixed to the window with tape. Furthermore, the sheet material is tightly fitted to the window.

10. The window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The sheet comprises at least one of an adhesive layer and a glue layer.

11. The window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The sheet material is embossed.

12. A sheet material attached to at least one of the first surface and the second surface of a window having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein, The sheet material comprises a matrix resin and inorganic fillers. At least one of the reflected intensity of electromagnetic waves of a defined frequency band that penetrates the window and reaches the sheet, and the reflected intensity of electromagnetic waves of a defined frequency band that penetrates the sheet and reaches the window, is lower than the reflected intensity of electromagnetic waves of the defined frequency band that penetrate the window when either the first surface or the second surface, or when both the first surface and the second surface are in contact with air.

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