Methods and apparatus related to wireless sensing

Abstract

In one embodiment, a method performed by a first apparatus is provided. For example, the first apparatus can: obtain information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of a second apparatus can be performed; and transmit information related to a likelihood of performing a sensing operation (i) within the at least one candidate resource of the first apparatus and (ii) based on a direction related to a target sensing region.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] 5G NR is the successor to LTE and a new type of mobile communication system with features such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, including low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] 6G (wireless communication) systems aim to achieve goals such as (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced power consumption of battery-less IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) networked intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision for 6G systems can include four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and 6G systems can meet the requirements shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 illustrates the requirements for 6G systems.

[0004] [Table 1] Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical solution

[0006] In one implementation, a method performed by a first device is provided. For example, the first device may obtain information relating to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of a second device. For example, the first device may send information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operations of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction associated with a target sensing area.

[0007] In one embodiment, a first device is provided. The first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of the following: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of a second device; and / or transmitting information related to (i) the availability of sensing operations of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction related to a target sensing area.

[0008] In one embodiment, a processing means suitable for controlling a first device is provided. The processing means may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of the following: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of a second device; and / or sending information related to (i) the availability of sensing operations of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction related to a target sensing area.

[0009] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided to store instructions. These instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause a first device to perform operations. For example, the operations may include at least one of: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of a second device; and / or sending information related to the availability of sensing operations of the first device within (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction associated with a target sensing area. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 The communication process between devices based on embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0011] Figure 2 A radio protocol architecture based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0012] Figure 3 The structure of a radio frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0013] Figure 4 The time slot structure of a frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0014] Figure 5 An example of a BWP based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0015] Figure 6 The present disclosure illustrates a communication architecture that may be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 7 An example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, is shown.

[0017] Figure 8 An example of sensing operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0018] Figure 9This is a diagram used to explain a wireless sensing-related method based on an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 10 This is a diagram used to explain a wireless sensing-related method based on an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating the process of a wireless sensing-related method based on an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 12 A method performed by a first device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0022] Figure 13 A method performed by a second device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0023] Figure 14 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 15 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 16 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 17 Another example of a wireless device based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 18 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0028] Figure 19 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle shown is based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0029] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". In other words, "A or B" in this disclosure can be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, "A, B or C" in this disclosure can mean "A only", "B only", "C only", or "any combination of A, B and C".

[0030] The forward slash ( / ) or comma used in this disclosure can mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B". Therefore, "A / B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C".

[0031] In this disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Furthermore, in this disclosure, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as "at least one of A and B".

[0032] Additionally, in this disclosure, "at least one of A, B, and C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only" or "any combination of A, B, and C". Furthermore, "at least one of A, B, or C" or "at least one of A, B, and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0033] Additionally, the brackets used in this disclosure may mean "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "Control Message (PDCCH)", this may mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "Control Message". In other words, "Control Message" in this disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDCCH" may be cited as an example of "Control Message". Furthermore, when indicated as "Control Message (i.e., PDCCH)", this may also mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "Control Message".

[0034] In the following description, "when, if, or in the case of" can be replaced with "based on".

[0035] The technical features described in one of the accompanying drawings of this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0036] In this disclosure, higher-layer parameters can be parameters configured, pre-configured, or predefined for the UE. For example, a base station or network can send higher-layer parameters to the UE. For example, higher-layer parameters can be sent via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or Media Access Control (MAC) signaling.

[0037] In this disclosure, the term "configuration or definition" can be interpreted as being pre-configured or configured for a device via pre-defined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, downlink control information (DCI), etc.) from a base station or network. In this disclosure, the term "configuration or definition" can also be interpreted as being pre-configured or configured for a device via pre-defined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, sidelink control information (SCI), control information for signaling between devices, etc.) from another device. In this disclosure, the term "configuration or definition" can be interpreted as being pre-configured for a device.

[0038] In this disclosure, user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, portable device, wireless device, etc. In this disclosure, base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, transmit / receive point (TRP), network, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, device, portable device, wireless device, etc.

[0039] The techniques proposed in this disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and 5G NR.

[0040] The technologies proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technologies and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key features such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0041] Figure 1 The communication process between devices based on embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 1 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0042] Reference Figure 1In step S101, the first device and the second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device can be at least one of the UE and / or the devices proposed in this disclosure. For example, the second device can be at least one of the base station, network, RAN node, NTN node / cell, TRP, UE and / or the devices proposed in this disclosure. For example, the first device can perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted based on rules predefined by the second device. Here, for example, the synchronization signal can include multiple synchronization signals based on structure or purpose classification (e.g., primary synchronization signal, secondary synchronization signal, etc.). Thus, the first device can examine the boundaries of the frames, subframes, time units, time slots and / or symbols of the second device, and the first device can obtain information for the second device (e.g., cell identifier).

[0043] In step S103, the first device may obtain system information sent by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device required to access the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be categorized based on content (e.g., whether it is necessary for access), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is based on on-demand provision), etc. For example, the system information may be categorized into Main Information Blocks (MIBs) and System Information Blocks (SIBs). For example, the first device may send a signal requesting system information before receiving it, as needed. For example, the request and provision of system information may be performed after the random access procedure described later.

[0044] In step S105, the first device and the second device can perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device can send and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to the random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, supported preamble structure, etc.). For example, the first device can send a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, and the first device can receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2). The first device can also send a message (e.g., Msg3) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, which includes information related to the first device (e.g., identification information). The first device can also receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be sent and received as a single message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be sent and received as a single message (e.g., MsgB).

[0045] In step S107, the first and second devices can execute signaling for control information. Here, for example, the control information can be defined in various layers, such as a layer controlling connections (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer), a layer processing the mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., Medium Access Control (MAC) layer), a layer processing physical channels (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer), etc. For example, the first and second devices can execute at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining communication-related configurations, and / or signaling for indicating allocated resources. For example, the control information can be signaled / sent via a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel can be used to schedule data, data channels (e.g., shared channels), and / or control information on data channels.

[0046] For example, control information / channels may include sidelink control information (SCI) / channels (PSCCH / PSSCH), downlink control information (DCI) / channels (PDCCH / PDSCH) (for sidelink scheduling), or uplink control information (UCI) / channels (PUCCH / PUSCH) (for sidelink feedback transmission).

[0047] The following text will describe an example of DCI format 3_0.

[0048] DCI format 3_0 is used for scheduling NR PSCCH and NR PSSCH in a cell.

[0049] The following information is transmitted using DCI format 3_0 with a CRC scrambled by SL-RNTI or SL-CS-RNTI: - Resource pool index - ceiling (log2 I) bits, where I is the number of resource pools used for transmission, configured by the higher-level parameter sl-TxPoolScheduling.

[0050] - Time gap - 3 bits determined by the higher-level parameters sl-DCI-ToSL-Trans

[0051] - HARQ process ID - 4 bits

[0052] - New data indicator - 1 bit

[0053] - The lowest index of the subchannel allocation for the initial transmission - ceiling (log2(N) SL subChannel )) bits

[0054] - SCI Format 1-A Fields: Frequency Resource Allocation, Time Resource Allocation

[0055] - PSFCH to HARQ feedback timing indicator - ceiling(log2 N) fb_timing ) bits, of which N fb_timing It is the number of entries in the high-level parameter sl-PSFCH-ToPUCCH.

[0056] - PUCCH resource indicator - 3 bits

[0057] - Configuration Index - 0 bits if the UE is not configured to monitor DCI format 3_0 with CRC scrambled by SL-CS-RNTI; otherwise, 3 bits. If the UE is configured to monitor DCI format 3_0 with CRC scrambled by SL-CS-RNTI, this field is reserved for DCI format 3_0 with CRC scrambled by SL-RNTI.

[0058] - Counter-side Link Assignment Index - 2 bits. If the UE is configured with pdsch-HARQ-ACK-Codebook = dynamic, then 2 bits; if the UE is configured with pdsch-HARQ-ACK-Codebook = semi-static, then 2 bits.

[0059] - Padding bits, if needed

[0060] The following section will describe an example of SCI format 1-A.

[0061] SCI format 1-A is used for scheduling the second-level SCI on PSSCH and PSSCH.

[0062] The following information is sent using SCI format 1-A: - Priority - 3 bits - Frequency resource allocation - When the value of the higher-level parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured to 2, it is ceiling (log2(N SL subChannel (N SL subChannel +1) / 2)) bits; otherwise, when the value of the higher-level parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured to 3, it is ceiling log2(N SL subChannel (N SL subChannel +1)(2N SL subChannel +1) / 6) bits - Time Resource Allocation - When the higher-level parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured to 2, it uses 5 bits; otherwise, when the higher-level parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured to 3, it uses 9 bits. - Resource Retention Period - If the higher-level parameter sl-MultiReserveResource is configured, then it is ceiling (log2N). rsv_period ) bits, of which N rsv_period This is the number of entries in the higher-level parameter sl-ResourceReservePeriodList; otherwise, it is 0 bits. - DMRS pattern -ceiling (log2N) pattern ) bits, of which N pattern The number of DMRS patterns is configured by the high-level parameter sl-PSSCH-DMRS-TimePatternList. - Second-level SCI format - As defined in Table 2, 2 bits - Beta_offset indicator - such as the 2 bits provided by the higher-level parameter sl-BetaOffsets2ndSCI - Number of DMRS ports - 1 bit as defined in Table 3 - Modulation and coding scheme - 5 bits - Additional MCS Table Indicator - 1 bit if an MCS table is configured by one higher-level parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; 2 bits if two MCS tables are configured by the higher-level parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; otherwise, 0 bits. - PSFCH Overhead Indicator - 1 bit if the higher-level parameter sl-PSFCH-Period = 2 or 4; otherwise 0 bits. - Reserved - The number of bits determined by the higher-level parameter sl-NumReservedBits, whose value is set to zero.

[0063] [Table 2]

[0064] [Table 3]

[0065] The following section will describe an example of SCI format 2-A.

[0066] SCI format 2-A is used for PSSCH decoding, and is used in conjunction with HARQ operations when the HARQ-ACK message includes ACK or NACK, when the HARQ-ACK message only includes NACK, or when there is no HARQ-ACK feedback.

[0067] The following information should be sent using SCI format 2-A: - HARQ process ID - 4 bits - New data indicator - 1 bit - Redundant version - 2 bits - Source ID - 8 bits - Destination ID - 16 bits - HARQ feedback enable / disable indicator - 1 bit - Broadcast type indicator - 2 bits as defined in Table 4 - CSI Request - 1 bit [Table 4]

[0068] The following section will describe an example of SCI format 2-B.

[0069] SCI format 2-B is used for PSSCH decoding, and is used in conjunction with HARQ operations when the HARQ-ACK message only includes NACK, or when there is no HARQ-ACK message feedback.

[0070] The following information should be sent using SCI format 2-B: - HARQ process ID - 4 bits - New data indicator - 1 bit - Redundant version - 2 bits - Source ID - 8 bits - Destination ID - 16 bits - HARQ feedback enable / disable indicator - 1 bit - Region ID - 12 bits - Communication range requirement - 4 bits determined by the higher-level parameter sl-ZoneConfigMCR-Index For example, the allocated resources may include resources allocated through resource allocation mode 1 and / or resource allocation mode 2.

[0071] In resource allocation mode 1, the base station can schedule SL resources that will be used by the UE for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station can send information related to SL resources and / or information related to UL resources to the first UE. For example, UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, UL resources may be resources used to report SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0072] For example, the first UE can receive information related to Dynamic Grant (DG) resources and / or Configuration Grant (CG) resources from the base station. For example, CG resources may include CG Type 1 resources or CG Type 2 resources. In this disclosure, DG resources can be resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station via Downlink Control Information (DCI). In this disclosure, CG resources can be (periodic) resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station via DCI and / or RRC messages. For example, in the case of CG Type 1 resources, the base station can send an RRC message to the first UE including information related to the CG resources. For example, in the case of CG Type 2 resources, the base station can send an RRC message to the first UE including information related to the CG resources, and the base station can send a DCI message to the first UE related to the activation or release of the CG resources.

[0073] The first UE can send a PSCCH (e.g., Side Link Control Information (SCI) or Level 1 SCI) to the second UE based on resource scheduling. In step S820, the first UE can send a PSSCH related to the PSCCH (e.g., Level 2 SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE. For example, it can receive HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK or ACK information) from the second UE via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first UE can send / report HARQ feedback information to the base station via PUCCH or PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station can be information generated by the first UE based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second UE. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station can be information generated by the first UE based on pre-configured rules. For example, the DCI can be a DCI used for SL scheduling.

[0074] In resource allocation mode 2, the UE can determine SL transmission resources within SL resources configured by the base station / network or pre-configured SL resources. For example, the configured or pre-configured SL resources can be a resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the UE can perform SL communication by autonomously selecting resources within the configured resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select resources within a resource selection window (e.g., a resource selection window with a length / end time based on the (remaining) packet delay budget) by performing a resource sensing process (e.g., performing a reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement on the PSCCH (SCI) within a (non)periodic sensing window, and / or excluding the resource from the candidate resources for transmission if the RSRP measurement value is higher than a threshold (e.g., a threshold based on the SCI)) and a resource (re)selection process. For example, sensing can be performed on a sub-channel basis. For example, in step S810, a first UE that has selected resources from the resource pool can transmit a PSCCH (e.g., side link control information (SCI) or a first-level SCI) to a second UE using said resources. In step S820, the first UE can send a PSSCH (e.g., second-level SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE.

[0075] The communication operations disclosed herein can be applied to positioning operations and / or operations for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC).

[0076] The following describes the UE procedure for determining a subset of resources to be reported to higher layers in the selection of physical shared channel (PSSCH) resources between UEs in resource allocation mode 2 for inter-UE communication (e.g., side link) resource allocation.

[0077] In resource allocation mode 2, the higher layer can request the UE to determine a subset of resources, from which the higher layer will select resources for inter-UE physical channel (e.g., PSSCH / PSCCH) transmission. To trigger this process, in time slot n, the higher layer provides the following parameters for inter-UE physical channel (e.g., PSSCH / PSCCH) transmission: - The resource pool to report resources; - L1 priority, prio TX ; - Remaining packet delay budget; - The number of sub-channels to be used for inter-UE physical channel (e.g., PSSCH / PSCCH) transmission in a time slot, L subCH ; - Optionally, resource reservation interval in milliseconds, P rsvp_TX .

[0078] - If the higher layer requests the UE to determine a subset of resources as part of a reassessment or preemption process, whereby the higher layer selects resources from that subset of resources for transmission of physical channels (e.g., PSSCH / PSCCH) between UEs, the higher layer provides a set of resources (r0, r1, r2, ...) that may undergo reassessment and a set of resources (r'0, r'1, r'2, ...) that may undergo preemption.

[0079] - The time slot r is determined by the UE implementation. i '' - Before or after T3, determine the subset of resources requested by the higher-level layer, where r i '' is the slot with the smallest slot index among (r0, r1, r2, ...) and (r'0, r'1, r'2, ...), and T3 equals T. SL proc,1 Here, μSL is the subcarrier spacing (e.g., SCS) configuration of the bandwidth portion (e.g., BWP) between UEs (e.g., SL).

[0080] The following high-level parameters affect this process: - sl-SelectionWindowList: For a given prio TX Value, internal parameter T 2min It is set to the corresponding value from the higher-level parameter sl-SelectionWindowList.

[0081] - sl-Thres-RSRP-List: This high-level parameter is for each combination (p i , p j Provides the RSRP threshold, where p i It is the value of the priority field in the received SCI format 1-A, p j This refers to the priority of the UE's transmission for selecting resources; for a given call to this procedure, p j = prio TX .

[0082] - sl-RS-ForSensing selects whether the UE uses the UE Physical Shared Channel (e.g., PSSCH)-RSRP or the UE Physical Control Channel (e.g., PSCCH)-RSRP for measurement.

[0083] -sl-ResourceReservePeriodList

[0084] - sl-SensingWindow: The internal parameter T0 is defined as the number of time slots corresponding to the sl-SensingWindow in milliseconds.

[0085] - sl-TxPercentageList: For a given prio TX The internal parameter X is defined as sl-TxPercentageList(prio) which converts percentages to ratios. TX ).

[0086] - sl-PreemptionEnable: If sl-PreemptionEnable is provided, and if it is not equal to "enabled", the internal parameter priopre is set to the parameter sl-PreemptionEnable provided by the higher layer.

[0087] Resource reservation interval P rsvp_TX If provided, then convert from milliseconds to logical time slots to obtain P'. rsvp_TX .

[0088] symbol: (t' SL 0, t' SL 1, t' SL 2, ...) represents the set of time slots belonging to the sidelink resource pool.

[0089] For example, the UE can select a candidate resource set (S) based on the following process. A For example, if a resource (re)selection is triggered, the UE can select a set of candidate resources based on the following procedure (S A For example, if a reassessment or preemption is triggered, the UE can select a set of candidate resources based on the following procedure (S). A ).

[0090] You can use the following steps: 1) The candidate single-slot resource Rx,y used for transmission is defined as a set of L that have sub-channels x+j in slot t'^SL_y. subCH There are 10 consecutive sub-channels, where j = 0, ..., L subCH The UE may assume that any set of LsubCH consecutive subchannels included in the corresponding resource pool within the time interval [n+T1, n+T2] corresponds to a candidate single-slot resource.

[0091] The choice of T1 can depend on the UE implementation, and is within the range of 0 ≤ T1 ≤ T^SL_proc,1, and T^SL_proc,1 can be predefined.

[0092] If T 2min If T2 is shorter than the remaining packet delay budget (in time slots), then T2 can depend on the UE implementation and follow the T... 2min ≤ T2 ≤ Remaining packet delay budget (in time slots); otherwise, T2 can be set as the remaining packet delay budget (in time slots).

[0093] The total number of candidate single-slot resources can be determined by M. total express.

[0094] 2) The sensing window can be defined by a time slot range [n - T0, n - T^SL_proc,0], where T0 can be predefined, and T^SL_proc,0 can be predefined in units of time slots. The UE may need to monitor time slots belonging to the sidelink resource pool within the sensing window, in addition to those time slots where its own transmissions occur. The UE may need to perform the actions in the following steps based on the decoded inter-UE physical control channel (e.g., PSCCH) and measured RSRP in these time slots.

[0095] 3) The internal parameter Th(pi, pj) can be set to the corresponding value of the RSRP threshold indicated by the i-th field in the sl-Thres-RSRP-List, where i = p i + (p j - 1) 8.

[0096] 4) Set S A It can be initialized as a set of all candidate single-slot resources.

[0097] 5) If any candidate single-slot resource Rx,y satisfies all of the following conditions, the UE may have to remove it from set S. A Excluded from: - The UE has not yet monitored time slot t'^SL_m in step 2.

[0098] - For any periodic value allowed by the high-level parameter sl-ResourceReservePeriodList and the assumed SCI format 1-A received in time slot t'^SL_m (whose "Resource Reservation Period" field is set to that periodic value and indicates all sub-channels of the resource pool in that time slot), condition c in step 6 will be satisfied.

[0099] 5a) If set S A The remaining candidate single-slot resources R x,y If the number of elements is less than XMtotal, then set S A It is initialized as a set of all candidate single-slot resources as in step 4.

[0100] 6) If any candidate single-slot resource R x,y If all of the following conditions are met, then the UE may have to remove it from set S. A Excluded from: a) The UE receives SCI format 1-A in time slot t'^SL_m, and the “Resource Reservation Period” field (if present) and “Priority” field in the received SCI format 1-A indicate values ​​Prsvp_RX and prioRX, respectively; b) The RSRP measurement performed for the received SCI format 1-A is higher than Th(prioRX, prioTX); c) The SCI format received in time slot t'^SL_m or (if and only if the "Resource Reservation Period" field exists in the received SCI format 1-A) is assumed to be in time slot t'^SL_m+q The same SCI format received in P'rsvp_RX is determined to be the same as R. x,y+j The set of stacked resource blocks and time slots, where q = 1, 2, …, Q and j = 0, 1, …, Cressel-1. Here, P'rsvp_RX is Prsvp_RX converted to logical time slot units, and Q is the ceiling value of Tscal / Prsvp_RX if Prsvp_RX < Tscal and n' - m ≤ P'rsvp_RX, where if time slot n belongs to the set (t'^SL_0, t'^SL_1, ..., t'^SL_T'). max If -1), then t'^SL_n' = n; otherwise, time slot t'^SL_n' belongs to the set (t'^SL_0, t'^SL_1, ..., t'^SL_T') after time slot n. max The first time slot is Q = 1; otherwise, Q = 1. scal The selection window size T2 is set to be converted to milliseconds.

[0101] 7) If set S A The number of remaining candidate single-slot resources is less than XM total Then for each priority value Th(p) i , p j ),Th(p i , p j Increase by 3 dB, and the process continues to step 4.

[0102] UE can report set S to higher layers A .

[0103] If the resource ri from set (r0, r1, r2, ...) is not S A If a member is involved, the UE may have to report a reassessment of resource ri to higher management.

[0104] If a resource r'i from set (r'0, r'1, r'2, ...) satisfies the following conditions, the UE may have to report the preemption of resource r'i to higher layers.

[0105] - r'i is not S A members, and

[0106] - r'i satisfies the exclusion condition in step 6, where Th(prioRX, prioTX) is set to the final threshold after executing steps 1)-7), i.e., including the threshold required to reach XM. total All the required increments, and

[0107] - The associated priority prioRX satisfies one of the following conditions: -- Provides sl-PreemptionEnable and it is equal to "enabled" and prioTX > prioRX -- Provides sl-PreemptionEnable and it is not equal to "enabled", and prioRX < priopre and prioTX > prioRX.

[0108] In step S109, the first and second devices can transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first and second devices can process data based on signaling of control information and transmit and / or receive data. For example, when transmitting data, the first or second device can perform at least one of channel coding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping for information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first or second device can perform at least one of extracting signals from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0109] For example, the radio interface protocol layer between the first device and the second device can be classified as Layer 1 (L1), Layer 2 (L2), and Layer 3 (L3), etc. For instance, the physical layer, belonging to Layer 1, can provide information transmission services using physical channels, and the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, located at Layer 3, can perform the role of controlling radio resources between the first and second devices. For this purpose, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first and second devices.

[0110] Figure 2 A radio protocol architecture based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The implementation methods can be combined with various embodiments of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operations of these embodiments can be omitted. For example, Figure 2 (a) may show the radio protocol stack for the user plane used for uplink or downlink communication, and Figure 2 (b) may show the radio protocol stack for the control plane used for uplink or downlink communication. For example, Figure 2 (c) can illustrate the radio protocol stack for the user plane used for inter-device communication, and Figure 2 (d) can show the radio protocol stack of the control plane used for inter-device communication.

[0111] For example, the physical layer can use physical channels to provide information delivery services to higher layers. For example, the physical layer can connect to the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, which is a higher layer, via a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer via a transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified based on how data is transmitted through the radio interface and what characteristics of the data are transmitted. For example, data can be transmitted via physical channels between different physical layers (e.g., between the physical layers of a first device and a second device). For example, physical channels can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and time and frequency can be used as radio resources.

[0112] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the higher-level Radio Link Control (RLC) layer via logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide mapping functionality from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide logical channel multiplexing functionality through mapping from multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services over logical channels.

[0113] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC Service Data Units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee the various Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the Radio Bearer (RB), the RLC layer can provide three operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ).

[0114] For example, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer may be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer may be used to control logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels associated with the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. For example, RB may refer to a logical path for data delivery between a first device and a second device, provided by a first layer (e.g., the physical layer) and a second layer (e.g., the MAC layer, RLC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, etc.).

[0115] For example, the PDCP layer in the user plane may include the delivery of user data, header compression, and encryption. Similarly, the PDCP layer in the control plane may include the delivery of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0116] For example, RB configuration can refer to the processes used to specify radio protocol layers and channel attributes to provide specific services, as well as the processes used to configure each specific parameter and operating method. For instance, RBs can be divided into two types: Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs). For example, an SRB can be used as a path for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane, and a DRB can be used as a path for transmitting user data in the user plane.

[0117] For example, a downlink transport channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and / or a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user services or control messages other than those thereto. For example, in the case of service or control messages in downlink multicast or broadcast services, they may be transmitted via the downlink SCH or via a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Simultaneously, an uplink transport channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages and / or an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user services or control messages other than those thereto. For example, a logical channel located above and mapped to the transport channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast service channel (MTCH).

[0118] Figure 3 The structure of a radio frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 3 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0119] Reference Figure 3For example, radio frames can be used for uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or inter-device transmission. For example, a radio frame can be 10 ms long and can be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame can include five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe can be divided into one or more time slots, and the number of time slots within a subframe can be determined based on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each time slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols based on a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0120] For example, with normal CP, each time slot may include 14 symbols. With extended CP, each time slot may include 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and / or single-carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbols (or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

[0121] Table 5 below shows the number of symbols (N) per slot based on the SCS configuration (u) when using normal CP or extended CP. slot symb ), Number of time slots per frame (N) frame,u slot ) and the number of time slots per subframe (N) subframe ,u slot Examples of ).

[0122] [Table 5]

[0123] For example, OFDM(A) parameter sets (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) can be configured differently among multiple cells aggregated to a single UE. Therefore, the (absolute time) duration of time resources (e.g., subframes, time slots, or transmission time intervals (TTIs)) configured with the same number of symbols can be configured differently among the aggregated cells. For example, in this disclosure, time resources such as subframes, time slots, TTIs, etc., can be referred to as time units.

[0124] For example, multiple parameter sets or SCSs can be supported to support various services. For instance, with an SCS of 15kHz, wide-area coverage in traditional cellular bands can be supported, while with an SCS of 30kHz / 60kHz, dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth can be supported. For instance, with an SCS of 60kHz or higher, bandwidths greater than 24.25GHz can be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0125] Figure 4The time slot structure of a frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 4 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0126] Reference Figure 4 For example, a time slot can include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier can include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) can be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth portion (BWP) can be defined as multiple consecutive (physical) resource blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain and can correspond to a set of parameters (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier can include up to N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication can be performed through active BWPs. For example, each element can be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and a complex symbol can be mapped to each element.

[0127] For example, a BWP can be a set of consecutive PRBs in a given parameter set. For example, a PRB can be selected from a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (CRBs) on a given carrier for a given parameter set.

[0128] For example, a BWP can be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, a UE may not monitor downlink radio link quality in DL BWPs other than the active DL BWP on the primary cell (PCell). For example, a UE may not receive Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), or Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) (excluding Radio Resource Management (RRM)) other than the active DL BWP. For example, a UE may not trigger Channel State Information (CSI) reports for inactive DL BWPs. For example, a UE may not transmit Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) other than the active UL BWP. For example, in the downlink case, an initial BWP can be given as a set of contiguous resource blocks (RBs) for the Residual Minimal System Information (RMSI) Control Resource Set (CORESET) (configured by the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)). For example, in the uplink case, an initial BWP can be given by a System Information Block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be configured by higher layers. The initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP. To conserve energy, if the UE does not detect downlink control information (DCI) for a certain period, the UE can switch its active BWP to the default BWP.

[0129] Figure 5 An example of a BWP based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0130] Reference Figure 5 For example, a common resource block (CRB) can be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier frequency band to the other, and a PRB can be a resource block numbered within each BWP. For example, point A can indicate a common reference point of the resource block grid.

[0131] For example, a BWP can be configured by point A, an offset NstartBWP relative to point A, and a bandwidth NsizeBWP. For example, point A can be an external reference point of the PRB of a carrier, where subcarrier 0 of all parameter sets (e.g., all parameter sets supported by the network on the corresponding carrier) are aligned at point A. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given parameter set and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given parameter set.

[0132] Figure 6 The present disclosure illustrates a communication architecture that may be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0133] As the core implementation technology of 6G systems, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), terahertz (THz) communication, optical wireless technology, free space light (FSO) backhaul network, massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, non-cellular communication, wireless information and power transfer (WIET), integrated sensing and communication, integrated access and backhaul network, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surfaces (LIS) can be adopted.

[0134] - Artificial Intelligence (AI): When AI is introduced into communication, real-time data transmission can be simplified and improved. AI can use numerous analyses to determine methods for performing complex target tasks. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming operations such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed immediately using AI. AI can also play an important role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine interactions. Additionally, AI may enable instant communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-maintaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0135] - Terahertz (THz) Communication: Data rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves are referred to as submillimeter radiation, typically indicating a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths in the range of 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The bandwidth range of 100 GHz to 300 GHz (sub-THz band) is considered the main part of the THz band used for cellular communication. When the sub-THz band is added to the millimeter-wave band, the capacity of 6G cellular communication increases. The defined THz band of 300 GHz to 3 THz is in the far-infrared (IR) band. The 300 GHz to 3 THz band is part of the optical band, but it is located at the boundary of the optical band and immediately follows the RF band. Therefore, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band is similar to RF. The main characteristics of THz communication include (i) a wide bandwidth that can be used to support very high data rates; and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated in highly directional antennas reduces interference. The short wavelength of THz signals allows for the integration of a greater number of antenna elements with devices and base stations operating in this band. Therefore, advanced adaptive placement techniques capable of overcoming range limitations can be used.

[0136] - Massive MIMO technology (MMIMO)

[0137] - Holographic Beamforming (HBF)

[0138] - Optical wireless technology

[0139] - Free Space Light (FSO) Backhaul Network

[0140] - Quantum communication

[0141] - Cellular communication

[0142] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0143] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0144] - Integrated access and backhaul networks

[0145] Big Data Analytics

[0146] - Reconfigurable smart surfaces

[0147] - Metaverse

[0148] - Blockchain

[0149] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing Urban Air Mobility (UAM), Regional Air Mobility (RAM), and Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). For example, AAM can include UAM, RAM, UAS, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), etc.

[0150] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is a core element for establishing autonomous driving infrastructure. It can be a technology that enables vehicles to communicate and share with various elements in the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I).

[0151] - Non-terrestrial Network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources carried on satellites (or UAS platforms). NTN services can be considered to ensure wider coverage or to provide wireless communication services to areas where it is difficult to install wireless communication base stations.

[0152] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology enabler that acquires information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. It uses radio frequency to determine the distance (range), angle, or instantaneous linear velocity of objects.

[0153] - Reconfigurable Smart Surfaces (RIS): RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in wireless communication environments. For example, an RIS can consist of a metasurface or many small antennas arranged on a surface, and each small antenna can actively adjust the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc., of the reflected signal. For example, an RIS can improve signal reception by adjusting the path, phase, and / or intensity of the propagating signal. For example, in the case of an RIS, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for the phase and amplitude adjustment of the small antennas. For example, because an RIS can be reconfigured according to various environments, it can meet various communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0154] Figure 7 An example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, is shown. Figure 7 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0155] Reference Figure 7NTN communication can be performed based on satellite networks, High Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) (HIBS) serving as International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS), and over-the-air UEs (e.g., AAMs). For example, devices such as satellite networks, HIBSs, and over-the-air UEs (e.g., AAMs) can act as relays for purposes such as coverage enhancement. For example, an AAM can communicate with base stations, satellite networks, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a UE, another AAM, etc.

[0156] The above-mentioned Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) is described in detail below.

[0157] Regarding Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC), wireless sensing is a technology that acquires information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within that environment, using radio frequency (RF) to determine the distance (range), angle, or instantaneous linear velocity of objects. RF sensing capabilities can provide device-free object localization services because the object does not need to be connected via a device in the network. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from RF signals can provide a wide range of new functionalities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, people, animals, UAVs), and high-precision positioning, tracking, and activity recognition. For example, wireless sensing services can provide input to various vertical sectors (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) to enable applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle handling and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, health and activity monitoring, etc. In some cases, wireless sensing can also use non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of wireless sensing services, i.e., sensing operation, can rely on the processing of the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may have the opportunity to enhance traditional systems from communication networks to wireless and sensing networks. Figure 8 An example of sensing operation based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 8 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operations of these implementation methods can be omitted. Specifically, Figure 8 (a) shows an example of sensing (e.g., single-site sensing) with a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located in the same place, and Figure 8 (b) shows an example of sensing with separate sensing receivers and sensing transmitters (e.g., dual-station sensing).

[0158] In this disclosure, direction / angle (e.g., angle of arrival (AoA)) can be defined as a plane angle (radians) or a solid angle (steradians) as shown below.

[0159] For example, AoA can be used to measure the UE's orientation. AoA can be defined as an estimated angle relative to the UE's position in a counter-clockwise direction from the BS / TP. In this case, the geographic reference direction can be north. The BS / TP can use uplink signals such as the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) and / or the Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) for AoA measurement. Furthermore, the larger the antenna array arrangement, the higher the AoA measurement accuracy. When antenna arrays are arranged at equal intervals, signals received from adjacent antennas can have a constant phase rotation.

[0160] For example, the following shows an example of UL Angle of Arrival (AoA). For example, the following UL AoA can be applied to SL positioning or ISAC.

[0161] UL Angle of Arrival (UL AoA)

[0162] - Definition: The UL angle of arrival (AoA) can be defined as the estimated azimuth and vertical angle of the UE relative to a reference direction, which is defined as follows: - In a global coordinate system (GCS), the estimated azimuth can be measured relative to geographic north and is positive in the counterclockwise direction, and the estimated vertical angle can be measured relative to the zenith and is positive in the horizontal direction. - In a local coordinate system (LCS), the estimated azimuth can be measured relative to the x-axis of the LCS and is positive in the counterclockwise direction, and the estimated vertical angle can be measured relative to the z-axis of the LCS and is positive in the xy plane direction. The azimuth, downtilt, and tilt angles of the LCS are defined according to TS 38.901

[14] . The UL AoA can be determined at the gNB antenna for the UL channel corresponding to this UE.

[0163] This disclosure can be applied to operations for positioning and / or operations for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC).

[0164] The following terms may be used in this disclosure.

[0165] For example, the following “PRS” or “SL PRS” can be interpreted / applied as being replaced by “sensing signal” or “sensing reference signal (RS)”.

[0166] - LMF: Location Management Function

[0167] - UE-triggered SL location: Side link (SL) location triggered by the UE.

[0168] - SL positioning triggered by base station / LMF: SL positioning triggered by base station / LMF

[0169] - UE-controlled SL positioning: SL positioning where the UE creates SL positioning groups.

[0170] - Base station controlled SL positioning: SL positioning where the base station creates SL positioning groups.

[0171] - UE-based SL positioning: SL positioning calculated by the UE to determine the UE's location.

[0172] - UE-assisted SL positioning: SL positioning of the UE location calculated by the base station / LMF

[0173] - SL Positioning Group: UEs participating in SL positioning

[0174] - Target UE (T-UE): The UE whose location is calculated

[0175] - Server UE (S-UE): UE that assists in the positioning of the T-UE.

[0176] - Anchor UE: UE that assists in the positioning of T-UE

[0177] - MG: Measurement gap that only allows SL PRS transmission

[0178] - MW: Measurement window capable of transmitting both SL data and SL PRS in a multiplexed manner.

[0179] - SL PRS: Side Link Positioning Reference Signal

[0180] - CCH: Control Channel

[0181] - Inter-UE Coordination (IUC) Message: A message received by the TX UE from other UEs, including the RX UE, which includes information about a set of resources suitable for transmission (preferred resources) and / or information about a set of resources unsuitable for transmission by the TX UE to the RX UE (non-preferred resources).

[0182] - Sensing RS: A reference signal used for sensing purposes (e.g., reference signal, radar, LiDAR, Wi-Fi signal, ultrasonic signal, etc.).

[0183] - BS-BS Sensing: BS-BS sensing can refer to sensing where BS#1 transmits a sensing RS and BS#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if BS#1 and BS#2 are different BSs, it can refer to BS-BS dual-site sensing operation. For example, if BS#1 and BS#2 are the same BS, it can refer to BS-BS single-site sensing operation. For example, the BS can be a base station or a Transmit and Receive Point (TRP). For example, if BS#1 and / or BS#2 is one or more BSs, it can refer to BS-BS multi-site sensing operation.

[0184] - BS-UE sensing: BS-UE sensing can refer to sensing where the BS transmits sensing RS and the UE receives sensing RS. For example, the BS can be a base station or a transmit and receive point (TRP). For example, the case where the BS and / or UE is one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs can refer to BS-UE multi-site sensing operation.

[0185] - UE-BS sensing: UE-BS sensing can refer to sensing where the UE sends a sensing RS and the BS receives the sensing RS. For example, the BS can be a base station or a Transmit and Receive Point (TRP). For example, the case where the BS and / or UE is one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs can refer to UE-BS multi-site sensing operation.

[0186] - UE-UE Sensing: UE-UE sensing can refer to sensing where UE#1 transmits a sensing RS and UE#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if UE#1 and UE#2 are different UEs, it can refer to UE-UE dual-site sensing operation. If UE#1 and UE#2 are the same UE, it can refer to UE-UE single-site sensing operation. For example, BS can be a base station or a Transmit and Receive Point (TRP). For example, if UE#1 and / or UE#2 are one or more UEs, it can refer to UE-UE multi-site sensing operation.

[0187] - SMF: Sensing Management Function

[0188] - TSA: Target Sensing Area (an area with a specific sensing service quality that needs to be sensed (deriving characteristics of the object and / or environment from affected (e.g., reflected, refracted, diffracted) sensing signals)

[0189] For example, SL PRS transport resources may include an SL PRS resource set that includes the following information.

[0190] - SL PRS Resource Set ID

[0191] - SL PRS Resource ID List: A list of SL PRS resource IDs in the SL PRS resource set.

[0192] - SL PRS resource type: Can be set to periodic, non-periodic, semi-persistent, or on-demand.

[0193] - Alpha for SL PRS power control

[0194] - P0 for SL PRS power control

[0195] - Path loss reference for SL PRS power control: can be set to SL SSB or DL ​​PRS or UL SRS or UL SRS or PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS or PSFCH or SL CSI RS, etc. for positioning.

[0196] For example, an SL PRS resource set may include SL PRS resources that include the following information.

[0197] - SL PRS Resource ID

[0198] - SL PRS comb size: The spacing between REs used for SL PRS transmission within a symbol.

[0199] - SL PRS comb offset: where the RE index of the SL PRS is first transmitted within the first SL PRS symbol.

[0200] - SL PRS comb cyclic shift: used to generate the cyclic shifts that make up the SL PRS sequence.

[0201] - SL PRS start position: the index of the first symbol of the SL PRS transmitted within a time slot.

[0202] - Number of SL PRS symbols: The number of symbols configured for SL PRS within a time slot.

[0203] - Frequency Domain Offset: The lowest frequency position (index) at which SL PRS is transmitted in the frequency domain.

[0204] - SL PRS BW: Frequency bandwidth used for SL PRS transmission

[0205] - SL PRS resource type: Can be set to periodic, non-periodic, semi-persistent, or on-demand.

[0206] - SL PRS Periodicity: The periodicity of SL PRS resources in the time domain, measured in physical or logical time slots within the resource pool that sends the SL PRS.

[0207] - SL PRS Offset: The time-domain offset of the start of the first SL PRS resource relative to the reference timing, in units of physical or logical time slots within the resource pool where the SL PRS is transmitted. The reference timing can be SFN=0 or DFN=0, or the time of successful reception or decoding of RRC / MAC-CE / DCI / SCI associated with the SL PRS resource.

[0208] - SL PRS Sequence ID

[0209] - SL PRS spatial relationship: can be set to SL SSB or DL ​​PRS or UL SRS or UL SRS or PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS or PSFCH or SL CSI RS, etc. for positioning.

[0210] - SL PRS CCH: SL PRS control channel. It can use signals to send SL PRS resource configuration information, resource location, etc.

[0211] Figure 9 This is a diagram used to explain a wireless sensing-related method based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 9 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0212] Reference Figure 9 For example, to implement single-station / dual-station / multi-station sensing functionality based on an Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) system, a first device (within a sensing group) can transmit sensing signals. For instance, the first device can transmit sensing signals for a target sensing area (where an object and / or the indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object (e.g., other objects around the object's location (e.g., clutter), other obstacles between the object and other objects (e.g., line-of-sight, non-line-of-sight, etc.))). For instance, a second device (within a sensing group) can receive sensing signals that are affected by the object / the indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object (e.g., reflection, refraction, diffraction) relative to the transmitted sensing signals. In this way, it is possible to operate to sense the object and / or the environment. For instance, by receiving / processing the affected sensing signals, information about the object, etc., can be obtained (e.g., horizontal / vertical object detection, object position, and / or distance (range) to the object, and / or direction (angle) to the object, and / or object velocity, and / or object geometry, and / or object identification (e.g., vehicle, person, animal, UAV, etc.) etc.).

[0213] For example, the sensing signal can be a dedicated signal for sensing purposes, and / or a positioning reference signal capable of performing positioning, and / or a reference signal capable of communication, such as a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS), a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), and / or a fused signal for both sensing and communication purposes. For example, the sensing signal can be at least one of radar, LiDAR, Wi-Fi signals, camera (images), or ultrasonic signals.

[0214] For example, the second device receiving the affected sensing signal may be located within the same entity as the first device transmitting the sensing signal. For example, the second device receiving the affected sensing signal may be located separately from the first device transmitting the sensing signal. For example, information related to the location of the first device and / or the location of the second device may be known. For example, information related to the time of the first device (e.g., the time of transmitting the sensing signal) and / or the time of the second device (e.g., the time of receiving the affected sensing signal) may be known. For example, at least one first device transmitting the sensing signal and / or at least one second device receiving the affected sensing signal may be within a sensing group.

[0215] Figure 10 This is a diagram used to explain a wireless sensing-related method based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 10 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0216] Reference Figure 10 For example, the target sensing area may be determined by a first device, and / or a second device, and / or a third device that is different from the first and second devices.

[0217] For example, information related to the target sensing area (its boundaries, its center, its nodes, its location, etc.) may be generated by each of the first device, and / or the second device, and / or the third device, which is different from the first and second devices, or may be sent / received between each other.

[0218] For example, the first device can allocate sensing signal transmission resources for transmitting sensing signals and / or service communication / location resources for service communication / location. For example, the first device can be allocated sensing signal transmission resources and / or service communication / location resources through resource allocation mode 1 and / or resource allocation mode 2. For example, the first device can be allocated / scheduled from the network for sensing signal transmission resources and / or service communication / location resources. For example, the first device can independently select / determine sensing signal transmission resources and / or service communication / location resources within at least one resource pool.

[0219] For example, a first device (within a sensing group) may transmit a sensing signal based on (allocated) sensing signal transmission resources. For example, the first device may transmit a first sensing signal for a target sensing area (where objects and / or the indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object, such as another object around the object's location (e.g., clutter), or another obstacle between the object and another object (e.g., line-of-sight, non-line-of-sight, etc.)) based on beamforming and / or in the direction of the target sensing area (its boundaries, its center, its nodes, etc.)). For example, a second or third device (within a sensing group) may receive a second or third sensing signal relative to the transmitted first sensing signal, influenced by the object / the indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object (e.g., reflection, refraction, diffraction).

[0220] For example, the second or third device may generate sensing data based on the received second sensing signal or the received third sensing signal.

[0221] For example, the second or third device may process the generated sensing data, or may send information related to the generated sensing data and / or the received second or third sensing signal to an entity that processes the sensing data to provide sensing results / sensing services (e.g., SMF, sensing server, etc.).

[0222] However, for example, even if the first device transmits a sensing signal to the target sensing area based on the (allocated) sensing signal transmission resources, the second device cannot know whether the corresponding sensing signal is for sensing or for communication / positioning. Furthermore, for example, even if the first device transmits a sensing signal to the target sensing area based on the (allocated) sensing signal transmission resources, and / or even if the second device can receive the affected sensing signal within the receiving resources corresponding to the corresponding sensing signal transmission resources, if the second device is not located within a certain range / angle from the direction (angle) toward the target sensing area, or cannot form a receiving beam / receiving resource in the direction (angle) toward the target sensing area, the second device may not correctly receive the corresponding sensing signal and may not correctly generate sensing data based on the corresponding sensing signal.

[0223] For example, even if the second device attempts to receive the affected second sensing signal within the resource corresponding to the first sensing signal resource used to transmit the first sensing signal, the receiving beam (direction (angle), intensity, angle, aperture size, etc.) of the second device corresponding to the corresponding resource may not be within a certain range from the direction (angle) of the first device's sensing signal toward the target sensing area or its opposite direction (angle). For example, for the second device, even if the third device attempts to receive the affected second sensing signal within the resource corresponding to the first sensing signal resource from which the first device transmits the first sensing signal, it may be unable to receive the first sensing signal and the second sensing signal affected by the target sensing area (where the object / environment is located) when any communication / location signal, etc., is transmitted to the first device within a certain range from the direction (angle) toward the target sensing area or its opposite direction (angle) (e.g., half-duplex, higher priority, etc.), or when sensing is performed and the RSRP of the resource (channel, decoded SCI, etc.) within a certain range from the corresponding direction (angle) or its opposite direction (angle) exceeds the RSRP threshold.

[0224] To address this problem, for example, the first device may send information to the second device relating to at least one candidate region (e.g., a candidate time resource region, a candidate frequency resource region, etc.) in which the sensing operations of the first device can be performed. For example, the first device may receive information from the second device, while within the at least one candidate resource, relating to the feasibility of sensing operations toward a direction associated with a target sensing region (e.g., a direction that is the same as the direction toward the target sensing region (within a threshold angle), a direction that is opposite to the direction toward the target sensing region (within a threshold angle), etc.).

[0225] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating the process of a wireless sensing-related method based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 11 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0226] Reference Figure 11 For example, a first device (e.g., a sensing transmitter), a second device (e.g., a sensing receiver), and / or a third device (e.g., a sensing management function, a sensing server, etc.) can generate (obtain) information related to the target sensing area. For example, information related to the target sensing area (its boundaries, its center, its nodes, its location, etc.) can be generated by each of the first device, and / or the second device, and / or a third device different from the first and second devices (e.g., an SMF, etc.), or can be sent / received between each other.

[0227] For example, the first device may send information to the second device relating to at least one candidate region (e.g., a candidate time resource region, a candidate frequency resource region, etc.) in which sensing operations of the first device can be performed. For example, the at least one candidate resource may include at least one candidate (time / frequency) transmit / receive resource region relating to a first transmit direction toward the target sensing region (from the first device), or at least one candidate (time / frequency) transmit / receive resource region relating to a second transmit direction different from (e.g., opposite to) the first transmit direction toward the target sensing region (from the first device).

[0228] For example, when the first device is within the at least one candidate resource, it can receive from the second device information related to the feasibility of a sensing operation toward a direction associated with the target sensing area (e.g., the same direction as the direction toward the target sensing area from the second device (within a threshold angle), the opposite direction to the direction toward the target sensing area (within a threshold angle), etc.).

[0229] For example, the first device may determine whether to perform a sensing operation of the first device toward the target sensing area (based on information related to the executability of the sensing operation). Similarly, the second device may determine whether to perform (permit) a sensing operation of the second device toward the target sensing area (based on information related to the at least one candidate resource and / or information related to the executability of the sensing operation).

[0230] For example, the first device may determine (permit) to perform a sensing operation toward the target sensing area. For example, based on the determination (permission) of the execution of the sensing operation toward the target sensing area, the first device may transmit a first sensing signal toward the target sensing area (where the object and / or the indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object (e.g., another object around the object's location (e.g., clutter), another obstacle between the object and another object (e.g., line of sight, non-line of sight, etc.)) based on (allocated) sensing signal transmission resources (based on beamforming, and / or in the direction of the target sensing area (its boundary, its center, its nodes, etc.)).

[0231] For example, the second device may determine (permit) to perform a sensing operation toward the target sensing area. For example, the second or third device may receive (or be prepared to receive, monitor receipt) a second or third sensing signal that is affected (e.g., reflected, refracted, diffracted) by the object / the indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object relative to the transmitted first sensing signal.

[0232] For example, the second or third device may generate sensing data based on the received second sensing signal or the received third sensing signal.

[0233] For example, the second or third device may process the generated sensing data, or may send information related to the generated sensing data and / or the received second or third sensing signal to an entity that processes the sensing data to provide sensing results / sensing services (e.g., SMF, sensing server, etc.).

[0234] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, for example, by transmitting and receiving data, it is determined whether a sensing operation targeting a specific sensing area can be performed, thereby preventing the problem of degraded sensing service quality or failure to generate sensing results due to meaningless performance of sensing operations in impossible time / frequency areas or impossible directions (angles). For example, by solving the problem of degraded sensing service quality or failure to generate sensing results due to meaningless performance of sensing operations in impossible time / frequency areas or impossible directions (angles), multi-station / dual-station sensing can be performed effectively.

[0235] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a target sensing area can be determined based on the transmit beam of a transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) and / or the transmit beam of a receiving device (e.g., Rx UE), and it may be necessary to define operations (based on beamforming) to perform sensing operations (e.g., UE-UE sensing).

[0236] In this disclosure, when a target sensing area can be determined based on beamforming and a sensing operation (e.g., UE-UE sensing) can be performed, a method can be proposed to minimize interference with the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) and / or determine the participation in the sensing operation.

[0237] In the case of (UE-UE) bistatic sensing, where the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) transmits a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) and the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) performs sensing operations by receiving signals in which the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) is reflected, refracted, or diffracted by an object and performing measurements on the received sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) and / or the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) can perform sensing (e.g., (UE-UE) bistatic sensing) by at least one of the following operations (while using beamforming).

[0238] - For example, if a transmitting device (e.g., a Tx UE) obtains (determines) a target sensing area to transmit a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS), the transmitting device (e.g., the Tx UE) can perform channel sensing based on the beam transmission direction toward the target sensing area, can detect reserved resources associated with the same beam transmission direction and / or with a beam transmission direction opposite to that reserved by another device (e.g., a UE), and / or can exclude detected reserved resources from candidate transmission resources based on the reference signal received power (RSRP) associated with the detected reserved resources (e.g., based on the RSRP associated with the detected reserved resources exceeding an RSRP threshold (as associated with control information (e.g., priority information)), see the selection of candidate resource set (S) in resource allocation mode 2 of this disclosure. A In the process of selecting candidate transmission resources for beam transmission direction toward the target sensing area, step 6)-b)) is used.

[0239] For example, detected reserved resources may include: reserved resources associated with a direction within a (pre-)configured threshold angle from the beam transmission direction (per resource pool), and / or reserved resources associated with a beam transmission direction opposite to the beam transmission direction.

[0240] For example, a transmitting device (e.g., a Tx UE) may send target sensing area information and / or information about candidate transmitting resources associated with the beam transmission direction selected by the transmitting device (e.g., the Tx UE) to a candidate receiving device (e.g., an Rx UE) that receives sensing signals affected by objects / environment relative to sensing signals (e.g., sensing RS) to be transmitted by the transmitting device (e.g., the Tx UE) for the target sensing area.

[0241] For example, a transmitting device (e.g., a Tx UE) may send information associated with the time domain and / or frequency domain of the sensing signal to be transmitted (e.g., a sensing RS) to a candidate receiving device (e.g., an Rx UE).

[0242] For example, the time domain can be determined based on a resource selection window associated with the selection of transmission resources for sensing signals (e.g., sensing RS) of the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE).

[0243] For example, in a candidate receiving device (e.g., Rx UE), a feedback signal / message associated with a target sensing area, indicating whether a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) can be received in the time domain by forming a receiving beam in the direction of the target sensing area, can be sent to a transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE).

[0244] For example, if target sensing area information is sent via control information (e.g., SCI) (e.g., resource reservation information and / or area ID information), the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) can send a feedback signal for the control information (e.g., SCI).

[0245] For example, the feedback signal could be a hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) positive acknowledgment (ACK) / negative acknowledgment (NACK) signal for a channel (e.g., PSCCH, PSSCH) that transmits control information (e.g., SCI). For example, in the case of positive acknowledgment (ACK), it could indicate that a receive beam can be formed in the time domain in the direction of the target sensing area, or in the case of negative acknowledgment (NACK), it could indicate that a receive beam cannot be formed.

[0246] For example, if a transmitting device (e.g., a Tx UE) receives a feedback signal / message (e.g., an acknowledgment (ACK) signal) associated with a target sensing area that can form a receiving beam along the direction of the target sensing area, the transmitting device (e.g., a Tx UE) can include the ID (e.g., source ID) of the device (e.g., UE) capable of forming a receiving beam for the target sensing area in the time domain and / or frequency domain as ID (e.g., destination ID) information in the control channel associated with the transmission of the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) and transmit that information.

[0247] For example, if the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) receives a feedback signal / message associated with a target sensing area, such as if the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) receives feedback from (all) devices (e.g., UE) that it cannot form a receiving beam for the target sensing area in the time domain and / or frequency domain (e.g., a negative acknowledgment (NACK) signal), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may discard the transmission of sensing signals (e.g., sensing RS) in the direction of the target sensing area.

[0248] - For example, if a receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) that is to perform a measurement on a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) associated with a target sensing area obtains (determines) the target sensing area, the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) can send information on the time and / or frequency resources that enable it to form a receiving beam along the direction of the target sensing area to a candidate transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) that is to transmit the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS).

[0249] For example, a transmitting device (e.g., a Tx UE) may select candidate transmission resources for transmitting sensing signals (e.g., sensing RS) by forming a transmission beam along the direction of the target sensing area based on information about time and / or frequency resources received from a receiving device (e.g., an Rx UE).

[0250] For example, the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) can exclude from the candidate transmission resources the time and / or frequency resources received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) are reserved by the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) for transmission.

[0251] For example, if another device (e.g., UE) reserves time and / or frequency resources for transmission to a transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) by means of time and / or frequency resources received from a receiving device (e.g., Rx UE), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) can exclude such time and / or frequency resources from the candidate transmission resources.

[0252] For example, the exclusion operation can be determined based on the priority associated with the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) and / or the priority associated with a transmission reserved by another device (e.g., UE).

[0253] For example, if the priority value associated with a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) (the smaller the priority value, the higher the priority) is greater than the priority value associated with a transmission reserved by another device (e.g., UE), it can be excluded from the candidate transmission resources.

[0254] For example, the exclusion operation can be performed only if the priority value associated with the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) is equal to or greater than / exceeds a pre-configured threshold (per resource pool).

[0255] For example, the exclusion operation can be performed only if the priority value associated with a transmission reserved by another device (e.g., UE) is equal to or less than / less than a pre-configured threshold (by resource pool).

[0256] For example, the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may send a feedback signal / message to the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) indicating whether the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) is able to transmit sensing signals (e.g., sensing RS) by forming a transmission beam along the direction of the target sensing area for time and / or frequency resources received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE).

[0257] For example, if a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) cannot be transmitted (by forming a transmission beam along the direction of the target sensing area) for all time and / or frequency resources received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may send a negative acknowledgment (NACK) signal back to the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) for the time and / or frequency resources received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE).

[0258] For example, if a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) can be transmitted (by forming a transmission beam along the direction of the target sensing area) for one or more time and / or frequency resources received from a receiving device (e.g., Rx UE), then the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) can randomly select from those one or more time and / or frequency resources to transmit the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS).

[0259] For example (in the above case), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) can send an affirmative acknowledgment (ACK) signal back to the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) in response to the time and / or frequency resource information received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE).

[0260] For example, a transmitting device (e.g., a Tx UE) may transmit, along with an acknowledgment (ACK) signal, the final transmission resource information for transmitting a randomly selected sensing signal (e.g., a sensing RS) and / or send it to a receiving device (e.g., an Rx UE).

[0261] For example, to aid in the correction of sensing operations and results, a Sensing Measurement Unit (SMU) / SMF (whose location is known in advance) may exist on a (3GPP) network. For instance, if the SMU is located within and / or in the area surrounding the target sensing area (or the transmitting or receiving device), then for the purpose of the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) performing sensing against the target sensing area, the SMU may send its location information to the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) based on information associated with sensing signals transmitted along the direction of the target sensing area (based on the transmission beam).

[0262] For example, the SMU can perform transmission for a transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) based on information about the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) associated with a sensing signal transmitted by a transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) and / or (e.g., the source ID of the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE)) and information about the sensing signal (e.g., ID information associated with the sensing signal), with the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) as the destination ID. For example, the signal transmitted may include information about the (affected) sensing signal (data) received by the SMU / receiving device and / or the location information of the SMU.

[0263] For example (in the above case), whether the transmit / receive path from the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) to the SMU is a line-of-sight (LOS) path can be determined based on the location information of the SMU estimated by the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) based on the sensing signals and / or the location information of the SMU received by the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) from the SMU and associated with the sensing signals transmitted by the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE).

[0264] For example (in the above case), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) can determine whether the transmission / reception path of the sensing signal from the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) to the target sensing area is a line-of-sight (LOS) based on the SMU location information estimated by the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) based on the sensing signal, and the SMU location information received by the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) from the SMU and associated with the sensing signal transmitted by the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE). And / or can determine the reliability of the sensing results (data) for the target sensing area based on this determination information. For example, the reliability of the sensing results may include the reliability of the estimated distance to the object / environment detected by sensing the target sensing area, and / or the reliability of the object / environment's orientation and / or velocity / rate.

[0265] Based on various embodiments of this disclosure, when a target sensing area is determined (based on beamforming) and a sensing operation (e.g., UE-UE sensing) is performed, an efficient method can be proposed to minimize interference with the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) and / or determine the participation in the sensing operation.

[0266] For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for service types. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for (LCH or service) priorities. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for QoS requirements (e.g., latency, reliability, minimum communication range). For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for PQI parameters. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for LCH / MAC PDU (transmission) with SL HARQ feedback enabled. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for LCH / MACPDU (transmission) with SL HARQ feedback disabled. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for CBR measurements of resource pools. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for SL broadcast types (e.g., unicast, multicast, broadcast). For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for SL multicast HARQ feedback options (e.g., NACK feedback only, ACK / NACK feedback, NACK feedback based on TX-RX distance). For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for SL mode 1 CG type (e.g., SL CG type 1 or SL CG type 2). For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for SL mode type (e.g., mode 1 or mode 2). For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for resource pool. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for whether to configure PSFCH resources in the resource pool. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for source (L2) ID.For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the destination (L2) ID. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the PC5 RRC connection link. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the SL link. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the connection state (with the base station) (e.g., RRC connection state, idle state, inactive state). For example, whether to apply rules and / or the methods / rules related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be configured / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for the SL HARQ process (ID). For example, whether to apply rules and / or the method / rule-related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for whether to perform (TX UE or RX UE) SL DRX operation. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the method / rule-related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for whether the UE is an energy-saving (TX or RX) UE. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the method / rule-related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for cases where (from the perspective of a particular UE) PSFCH TX and PSFCH RX (and / or multiple PSFCH TX (beyond UE capacity)) overlap (and / or PSFCH TX (and / or PSFCH RX) is omitted. For example, whether to apply rules and / or the method / rule-related parameter values ​​proposed in this disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) configured / allowed for the case where the RX UE actually (successfully) receives the PSCCH (and / or PSSCH) (re)transmitted from the TX UE.

[0267] For example, in this disclosure, the term “configured / configured (or designated / assigned)” can be extended and interpreted as the form in which the base station notifies the UE through predefined (physical layer or higher) channels / signals (e.g., SIB, RRC, MAC CE) (and / or the form provided by preconfiguration and / or the form in which the UE notifies other UEs through predefined (physical layer or higher) channels / signals (e.g., SLMAC CE, PC5 RRC)).

[0268] For example, in this disclosure, the term "PSFCH" can be extended and interpreted as (NR or LTE) PSSCH (and / or (NR or LTE) PSCCH) (and / or (NR or LTE) SL SSB (and / or UL channel / signal)). Furthermore, the methods proposed in this disclosure can be used in combination with each other (as a novel approach).

[0269] For example, in this disclosure, a specific threshold may refer to a threshold predefined or (pre-)configured by the higher layers (including the application layer) of the network, base station, or UE. For example, in this disclosure, a specific configuration value may refer to a value predefined or (pre-)configured by the higher layers (including the application layer) of the network, base station, or UE. For example, an operation configured by the network / base station may refer to an operation that the base station (pre-)configures for the UE via higher-layer RRC signaling, configures / signals to the UE via MAC CE, or signals to the UE via DCI.

[0270] Figure 12 A method performed by a first device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 12 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0271] Reference Figure 12 In step S1210, for example, the first device may obtain information related to at least one candidate resource (region) available for the sensing operation of the second device. In step S1220, for example, the first device may send information related to (i) the availability of the sensing operation of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction related to the target sensing region.

[0272] Additionally, or alternatively, the sensing operation may include at least one of sending a first sensing signal or receiving a second sensing signal affected by the object or the environment surrounding the object.

[0273] Additionally, or alternatively, the affected second sensing signal may include a sensing signal that is scattered, reflected, refracted, or diffracted.

[0274] Additionally, or alternatively, the direction may include an angle comprising at least one of a zenith angle or an azimuth angle.

[0275] Additionally, or alternatively, information related to the target sensing area can be obtained.

[0276] Additionally, or alternatively, a first candidate resource related to the first RSRP measurement may be excluded from the at least one candidate resource among reserved resources that are related to a first transmission direction toward the target sensing area or a second transmission direction opposite to the first transmission direction toward the target sensing area.

[0277] Additionally, or alternatively, the at least one candidate resource may include a second candidate time domain within a threshold angle from the reference line or reference surface.

[0278] Additionally, or alternatively, the at least one candidate resource may be available within a resource selection window.

[0279] Additionally, or alternatively, information relating to the at least one candidate resource may be obtained by including it in the control information.

[0280] Additionally, or alternatively, the information related to the availability of the sensing operation can be transmitted via a feedback channel for the channel through which the control information is transmitted.

[0281] Additionally, or alternatively, the information related to the availability of the sensing operation may include information fed back based on the information obtained related to the at least one candidate resource.

[0282] Additionally, or alternatively, the information relating to the availability of the sensing operation may include information relating to whether the sensing operation of a first device is available within (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on the direction associated with the target sensing area.

[0283] Additionally, or alternatively, control information related to the sensing operation can be received.

[0284] Additionally, or alternatively, the control information associated with the sensing operation may include information related to the ID of at least one device capable of (i) performing the sensing operation within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) in the direction associated with the target sensing area.

[0285] The proposed method can be applied to devices based on various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the memory 104 of the first device 100 can store instructions that are executed by the processor 102 to cause the first device (e.g., processor 102, transceiver 106) to perform operations. For example, the operations may include at least one of the following: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of the second device; and / or transmitting information related to (i) the availability of sensing operations of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction associated with a target sensing area.

[0286] In one embodiment, a method performed by a first device is provided. For example, the first device may obtain information related to at least one candidate resource (region) available for sensing operations of a second device. For example, the first device may send information related to (i) the availability of sensing operations of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction associated with a target sensing region.

[0287] In one embodiment, a first device is provided. The first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of the following: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of a second device; and / or transmitting information related to the availability of sensing operations of the first device within (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction related to a target sensing area.

[0288] In one embodiment, a processing means suitable for controlling a first device is provided. The processing means may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of a second device; and / or sending information related to (i) the availability of sensing operations of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction related to a target sensing area.

[0289] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided to store instructions. These instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause a first device to perform operations. For example, the operations may include at least one of: obtaining information relating to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of a second device; and / or sending information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operations of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction related to a target sensing area.

[0290] Figure 13 A method performed by a second device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 13 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0291] Reference Figure 13 In step S1310, for example, the second device may send information related to at least one candidate resource available for the sensing operation of the second device. In step S1320, for example, the second device may receive information related to the availability of the sensing operation of the first device within (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction related to the target sensing area.

[0292] Additionally, or alternatively, the sensing operation may include at least one of sending a first sensing signal or receiving a second sensing signal affected by the object or the environment surrounding the object.

[0293] Additionally, or alternatively, the affected second sensing signal may include a sensing signal that is scattered, reflected, refracted, or diffracted.

[0294] Additionally, or alternatively, the direction may include an angle comprising at least one of a zenith angle or an azimuth angle.

[0295] Additionally, or alternatively, information related to the target sensing area can be obtained.

[0296] Additionally, or alternatively, a first candidate resource related to the first RSRP measurement may be excluded from the at least one candidate resource among reserved resources that are related to a first transmission direction toward the target sensing area or a second transmission direction opposite to the first transmission direction toward the target sensing area.

[0297] Additionally, or alternatively, the at least one candidate resource may include a second candidate time domain within a threshold angle from the reference line or reference surface.

[0298] Additionally, or alternatively, the at least one candidate resource may be available within a resource selection window.

[0299] Additionally, or alternatively, information relating to the at least one candidate resource may be obtained by including it in the control information.

[0300] Additionally, or alternatively, the information related to the availability of the sensing operation can be transmitted via a feedback channel for the channel through which the control information is transmitted.

[0301] Additionally, or alternatively, the information related to the availability of the sensing operation may include information fed back based on the information obtained related to the at least one candidate resource.

[0302] Additionally, or alternatively, the information relating to the availability of the sensing operation may include information relating to whether the sensing operation of a first device is available within (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on the direction associated with the target sensing area.

[0303] Additionally, or alternatively, control information related to the sensing operation can be received.

[0304] Additionally, or alternatively, the control information associated with the sensing operation may include information related to the ID of at least one device capable of (i) performing the sensing operation within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) in the direction associated with the target sensing area.

[0305] The proposed method can be applied to devices based on various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the memory 204 of the second device 200 can store instructions that are executed by the processor 202 to cause the second device (e.g., processor 202, transceiver 206) to perform operations. For example, the operations may include at least one of the following: transmitting information related to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of the second device; and / or receiving information related to the availability of sensing operations of the first device within (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction related to a target sensing area.

[0306] In one embodiment, a method performed by a second device is provided. For example, the second device may send information relating to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of the second device. For example, the second device may receive information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operations of a first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction associated with a target sensing area.

[0307] In one embodiment, a second device is provided. The second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of the following: transmitting information related to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of the second device; and / or receiving information related to the availability of sensing operations of a first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction associated with a target sensing area.

[0308] In one embodiment, a processing apparatus (device) suitable for controlling a second device is provided. The processing apparatus (device) may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of: sending information related to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of the second device; and / or receiving information related to the availability of sensing operations of a first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction associated with a target sensing area.

[0309] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided to store instructions. These instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause a second device to perform operations. For example, the operations may include at least one of: sending information relating to at least one candidate resource available for sensing operations of the second device; and / or receiving information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operations of a first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction associated with a target sensing area.

[0310] Various embodiments of this disclosure can be combined with each other, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of various embodiments may be omitted.

[0311] The following will describe apparatuses to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0312] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operating procedures described herein can be applied to, but are not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0313] The following description will be given in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / description, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks.

[0314] Figure 14 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 14 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0315] Reference Figure 14The communication system 1, which applies various embodiments of this disclosure, includes wireless devices, base stations (BS), and networks. Herein, a wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. Wireless devices may include, but are not limited to, robots 100a, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2), extended reality (XR) devices 100c, handheld devices 100d, home appliances 100e, Internet of Things (IoT) devices 100f, and artificial intelligence (AI) devices / servers 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with wireless communication capabilities, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Herein, a vehicle may include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones) and / or aircraft (AVs) (e.g., advanced air mobility (AAM)). XR devices can include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices and can be implemented in the form of head-mounted displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs) installed in vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, robots, etc. Handheld devices can include smartphones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or smart glasses) and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances can include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices can include sensors and smart meters. For example, the BS and network can be implemented as wireless devices, and a particular wireless device 200a can operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0316] In addition to LTE, NR, and 6G, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may also include narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) for low-power communication. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as a standard such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Alternatively or additionally, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN and may be referred to by various names including enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented as at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE Cat 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine-type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Alternatively or concurrently, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may include at least one of Bluetooth, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), and ZigBee, which takes into account low power communication, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. As an example, ZigBee technology may generate personal area networks (PANs) related to low / low power digital communication based on various standards including IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0317] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to network 300 via BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can perform direct communication with each other (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0318] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, or 150c can be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200 or BS200 / BS 200. Here, the wireless communication / connection can be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, access backhaul integration (IAB)). The wireless devices and BS / wireless devices can transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b. For example, wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. For this purpose, at least a portion of various configuration information configuration processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation processes for transmitting / receiving radio signals can be performed based on various proposals of this disclosure.

[0319] Figure 15 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 15 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0320] Reference Figure 15 The first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals via various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). In this document, {first wireless device 100 and second wireless device 200} can correspond to... Figure 14 The {Wireless Device 100x and BS 200} and / or {Wireless Device 100x and Wireless Device 100x}.

[0321] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processors 102 may control the memories 104 and / or the transceivers 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processors 102 may process information in the memories 104 to generate a first information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signal via the transceivers 106. The processors 102 may receive a radio signal including a second information / signal via the transceivers 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the second information / signal in the memories 104. One or more memories 104 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and may store various information relating to the operation of one or more processors 102. For example, one or more memories 104 may store software code including commands for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. Here, one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 106 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 106 may be used interchangeably with one or more radio frequency (RF) units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0322] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processors 202 may control the memories 204 and / or the transceivers 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processors 202 may process information in the memories 204 to generate a third message / signal, and subsequently transmit a radio signal including the third message / signal via the transceivers 206. The processors 202 may receive a radio signal including a fourth message / signal via the transceivers 206, and then store the information obtained by processing the fourth message / signal in the memories 204. One or more memories 204 may be connected to one or more processors 202 and may store various information relating to the operation of one or more processors 202. For example, one or more memories 204 may store software code including commands for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. Here, one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 206 may be connected to one or more processors 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 206 may be used interchangeably with one or more RF units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0323] The hardware components of wireless devices 100 and 200 will now be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers may be implemented, but are not limited to, by one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) in accordance with the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information, in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206, and acquire PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document.

[0324] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and such firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204, thereby being driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document can be implemented in software or firmware in the form of code, commands, and / or command sets.

[0325] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202, and may store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be composed of read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0326] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the methods and / or operating procedures of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and may transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing using one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., processed using one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0327] Figure 16 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 16 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0328] Reference Figure 16 The signal processing circuit 1000 may include a scrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a pre-encoder 1040, a resource mapper 1050, and a signal generator 1060. It can perform... Figure 16The operation / functions, but not limited to Figure 15 The processors (102, 202) and / or transceivers (106, 206) can be used. Figure 15 Implemented by processors (102, 202) and / or transceivers (106, 206) Figure 16 Hardware components. For example, it can be achieved through... Figure 15 The processors (102, 202) implement boxes 1010 to 1060. Alternatively, they can be implemented using... Figure 15 The processors (102, 202) implement boxes 1010 to 1050, and can be used to... Figure 15 The transceivers (106, 206) are used to implement the 1060 box.

[0329] Can be via Figure 16 The signal processing circuit 1000 converts codewords into radio signals. In this document, a codeword is a sequence of encoded bits for an information block. An information block may include a transmit block (e.g., a UL-SCH transmit block, a DL-SCH transmit block). Radio signals can be transmitted via various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH and PDSCH).

[0330] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by scrambler 1010. The scrambling sequence used for scrambling can be generated based on an initial value, which may include the ID information of the wireless device. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by modulator 1020. The modulation scheme may include pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK), and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped (pre-encoded) to (one or more) corresponding antenna ports by pre-encoder 1040. The output z of pre-encoder 1040 can be obtained by multiplying the output y of layer mapper 1030 with N. The M precoding matrix W is obtained by multiplying the two matrices. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmit layers. The precoder 1040 can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) for complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0331] Resource mapper 1050 maps modulation symbols for each antenna port to time-frequency resources. Time-frequency resources may include multiple symbols in the time domain (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. Signal generator 1060 can generate radio signals from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signals can be transmitted to other devices via each antenna. For this purpose, signal generator 1060 may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an up-converter.

[0332] Able to be with Figure 16 The signal processing procedures (1010~1060) are configured in reverse order for the signal processing procedures used to receive signals in a wireless device. For example, a wireless device (e.g., Figure 15 The receiver (e.g., 100, 200) can receive radio signals from the outside via the antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signals can be converted into baseband signals using a signal recovery unit. For this purpose, the signal recovery unit may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Next, the baseband signals can be recovered into codewords through a resource demapping process, a post-encoding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be recovered into the original information blocks through decoding. Therefore, the signal processing circuitry (not illustrated) used for receiving signals may include a signal recovery unit, a resource demapping unit, a post-encoder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0333] Figure 17 Another example of a wireless device based on an implementation of this disclosure is shown. The wireless device can be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see reference). Figure 14 ). Figure 17 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0334] Reference Figure 17 Wireless devices 100 and 200 can correspond to Figure 15 The wireless devices 100 and 200 can be configured using various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and one or more transceivers 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include... Figure 15One or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204). For example, transceiver 114 may include one or more transceivers. Figure 15 The device comprises one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208). The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the add-on components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on programs / code / commands / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0335] The add-on component 140 can be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the add-on component 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device can be implemented in, but is not limited to, the following forms: robot ( Figure 14 100a), vehicles ( Figure 14 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR device ( Figure 14 100c), handheld device ( Figure 14 100d), home appliances ( Figure 14 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 14 100f), digital broadcasting terminals, holographic devices, public safety devices, MTC devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, climate / environmental devices, AI servers / devices ( Figure 14 400), BS ( Figure 14 (e.g., 200), network nodes, etc. Depending on the use case / service, wireless devices can be used in mobile or fixed locations.

[0336] exist Figure 17In both wireless devices 100 and 200, all elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules can be connected to each other via wired interfaces, or at least partially via communication unit 110. For example, in each of wireless devices 100 and 200, control unit 120 and communication unit 110 can be wired together, and control unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130, 140) can be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within wireless devices 100 and 200 may also include one or more elements. For example, control unit 120 may be constructed using a collection of one or more processors. As an example, control unit 120 may be constructed using a collection of communication control processors, application processors, electronic control units (ECUs), graphics processing units, and memory control processors. As another example, memory 130 may be constructed using random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or combinations thereof.

[0337] The implementation will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 17 Examples.

[0338] Figure 18 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The handheld device may include a smartphone, smartpad, wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smart glasses), or portable computer (e.g., a laptop). The handheld device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), user terminal (UT), mobile subscriber station (MSS), subscriber station (SS), advanced mobile station (AMS), or wireless terminal (WT). Figure 18 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0339] Reference Figure 18 The handheld device 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b, and an I / O unit 140c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to... Figure 17 The frame is 110 to 130 / 140.

[0340] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the constituent elements of handheld device 100. Control unit 120 may include an application processor (AP). Storage unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to drive handheld device 100. Storage unit 130 can store input / output data / information. Power supply unit 140a can supply power to handheld device 100 and includes wired / wireless charging circuitry, battery, etc. Interface unit 140b can support connection of handheld device 100 to other external devices. Interface unit 140b may include various ports for connection to external devices (e.g., audio I / O ports and video I / O ports). I / O unit 140c can input or output user-input video information / signals, audio information / signals, data and / or information. I / O unit 140c may include a camera, microphone, user input unit, display unit 140d, speaker and / or haptic module.

[0341] For example, in the case of data communication, I / O unit 140c can acquire user input information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video), and the acquired information / signals can be stored in storage unit 130. Communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals directly to other wireless devices or to the BS. Communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or the BS, and then recover the received radio signals into the original information / signals. The recovered information / signals can be stored in storage unit 130 and can be output in various types (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or haptic feedback) through I / O unit 140c.

[0342] Figure 19 The illustration shows a vehicle or autonomous vehicle based on an embodiment of this disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle can be implemented using mobile robots, automobiles, trains, manned / unmanned aerial vehicles (AVs), ships, etc. Figure 19 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operations of such implementation methods may be omitted.

[0343] Reference Figure 19 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to... Figure 17 The frame size is 110 / 130 / 140.

[0344] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BS (e.g., gNB and roadside units), and servers. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. Control unit 120 may include electronic control unit (ECU). Drive unit 140a can cause the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move on the road. Drive unit 140a may include engine, motor, transmission system, wheels, brakes, steering mechanism, etc. Power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and may include wired / wireless charging circuitry, battery, etc. Sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status, external environment information, user information, etc. Sensor unit 140c may include inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors, collision sensors, wheel sensors, speed sensors, slope sensors, weight sensors, heading sensors, position modules, vehicle forward / reverse sensors, battery sensors, fuel sensors, tire sensors, steering sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, ultrasonic sensors, lighting sensors, pedal position sensors, etc. Autonomous driving unit 140d can implement technologies for maintaining the vehicle's lane, technologies for automatically adjusting speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), technologies for autonomously driving along a defined path, and technologies for automatically setting a route when a destination is set, etc.

[0345] For example, communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc., from an external server. Autonomous driving unit 140d can generate autonomous driving paths and driving plans from the acquired data. Control unit 120 can control drive unit 140a, enabling the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, communication unit 110 can periodically or non-periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. During autonomous driving, sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. Autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. Communication unit 110 can transmit information about vehicle location, autonomous driving path, and / or driving plan to an external server. The external server can predict traffic information data using AI technology, etc., based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicle, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle.

[0346] The claims in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, technical features in the method claims can be combined to implement or perform in a device, and technical features in the device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a method. Additionally, technical features in one or more method claims and one or more device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a device.

Claims

1. A method performed by a first device, the method comprising the following steps: Obtain information relating to at least one candidate resource available for the sensing operation of the second device; as well as Send information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operation of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on the direction associated with the target sensing area.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The sensing operation includes at least one of sending a first sensing signal or receiving a second sensing signal affected by the object or the environment surrounding the object.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The affected second sensing signal includes sensing signals that are scattered, reflected, refracted, or diffracted.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The direction includes an angle that includes at least one of a zenith angle or an azimuth angle.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the following steps: Information related to the target sensing area is obtained.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first candidate resource associated with the first RSRP measurement is excluded from the at least one candidate resource among the reserved resources that are associated with the first transmission direction toward the target sensing area or the second transmission direction opposite to the first transmission direction toward the target sensing area.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one candidate resource includes a second candidate temporal domain that is related to the direction within a threshold angle from the reference line or reference surface.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one candidate resource is within the resource selection window.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Information related to the at least one candidate resource is obtained by including it in the control information.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The information related to the availability of the sensing operation is transmitted via a feedback channel for the channel that transmits the control information.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The information related to the availability of the sensing operation includes information related to providing feedback based on the information obtained related to the at least one candidate resource.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The information related to the availability of the sensing operation includes information related to whether the sensing operation of the first device is available within (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on the direction associated with the target sensing area.

13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the following steps: Receive control information related to the sensing operation. The control information associated with the sensing operation includes information related to the ID of at least one device capable of (i) performing the sensing operation within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) in the direction associated with the target sensing area.

14. A first apparatus, the first apparatus comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, which, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an operation, the operation including: Obtain information relating to at least one candidate resource available for the sensing operation of the second device; as well as Send information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operation of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on the direction associated with the target sensing area.

15. A processing apparatus suitable for controlling a first device, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, which, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an operation, the operation including: Obtain information relating to at least one candidate resource available for the sensing operation of the second device; as well as Send information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operation of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on the direction associated with the target sensing area.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, said instructions, when executed, cause a first means to perform an operation, said operation comprising: Obtain information relating to at least one candidate resource available for the sensing operation of the second device; as well as Send information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operation of the first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on the direction associated with the target sensing area.

17. A method performed by a second device, the method comprising the steps of: Send information relating to at least one candidate resource available for the sensing operation of the second device; as well as Receive information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operation of a first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on the direction associated with the target sensing area.

18. A second device, the second device comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform an operation, the operation including: Send information relating to at least one candidate resource available for the sensing operation of the second device; as well as Receive information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operation of a first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on the direction associated with the target sensing area.

19. A processing apparatus suitable for controlling a second device, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform an operation, the operation including: Send information relating to at least one candidate resource available for the sensing operation of the second device; as well as Receive information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operation of a first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on the direction associated with the target sensing area.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, cause a second device to perform an operation, the operation comprising: Send information relating to at least one candidate resource available for the sensing operation of the second device; as well as Receive information relating to (i) the availability of sensing operation of a first device within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on the direction associated with the target sensing area.

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