Environment internet of things communication with multiple delimiters

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. Some aspects more specifically relate to decoding a forward link communication that includes a plurality of delimiters including one or more line coding violations or one or more chip durations that are greater than a chip duration of a payload of the forward link communication. In some aspects, the one or more line coding violations or chip durations of the plurality of delimiters can inform an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) device of the presence of the plurality of delimiters, and the ambient IoT device can use the plurality of delimiters to identify a plurality of boundaries of the forward link communication in which the plurality of delimiters are located and / or a plurality of boundaries within the forward link communication in which the plurality of delimiters are located.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] All aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication in general, and more specifically to technologies, apparatuses, and methods associated with the Internet of Things (IoT) in environments having multiple delimiters. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of services, including voice, text, messaging, video, data, and / or other services. Services may include unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast services, etc. Typical wireless communication systems employ multiple access radio access technologies (RATs) capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, spatial-domain resources, and / or device transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access RATs include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0003] The aforementioned Multiple Access RATs have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol enabling different wireless communication devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, or global level. An example telecommunications standard is New Radio (NR). NR (also known as 5G) is part of the continuous evolution of mobile broadband announced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). NR (and other mobile broadband evolutions beyond NR) can be designed to better support the Internet of Things (IoT) and reduced-capacity device deployments, industrial connectivity, millimeter-wave (mmWave) expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, sidelinks and other device-to-device direct communication technologies (e.g., cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) communications), massive MIMO, decomposed network architectures and network topology expansion, multi-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning and / or radio frequency (RF) sensing, and more. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to grow, further improvements to NR can be implemented, and other radio access technologies (such as 6G) can be introduced to further advance mobile broadband evolution.

[0004] Environmental IoT devices can be low-power terminals (e.g., radio frequency identification (RFID) devices, tags, or similar devices), which may or may not include batteries and can accumulate energy from radio signaling. To achieve further cost reduction and zero-power communication, some types of environmental IoT devices can be backscattered. Environmental IoT devices can transmit (e.g., backscatter) communication via a backward link and receive communication via a forward link. Forward link communication (e.g., forward link physical (PHY) structural components) may lack clear boundaries. Without such clear boundaries, environmental IoT devices may be unable to identify where forward link communication and / or portions thereof begin and / or end. Additionally or alternatively, environmental IoT devices may have difficulty detecting delimiters in forward link communication. Therefore, environmental IoT devices may experience decoding error propagation in one or more forward link PHY structural components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at an environmental Internet of Things (IoT) device. The apparatus may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. At least one of the one or more processors may be configured to cause the environmental IoT device to receive forward link communication including a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or with a first chip duration greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forward link communication. At least one of the one or more processors may be configured to cause the environmental IoT device to decode the forward link communication according to the plurality of delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or the first chip duration.

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed at an IoT device in an environment. The method may include: receiving forward link communication including a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or associated with a first chip duration, the first chip duration being greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forward link communication. The method may include: decoding the forward link communication based on the plurality of delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or the first chip duration.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for receiving forwardlink communication comprising a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or with a first chip duration greater than a second chip duration of a payload associated with the forwardlink communication. The apparatus may include components for decoding the forwardlink communication based on the plurality of delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or the first chip duration.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication. The set of instructions may include one or more instructions that, when executed at an environmental IoT device, cause the environmental IoT device to receive forward link communication including a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or with a first chip duration greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forward link communication. The set of instructions may also include one or more instructions that, when executed at the environmental IoT device, cause the environmental IoT device to decode the forward link communication according to the plurality of delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or the first chip duration.

[0009] Various aspects of this disclosure may be implemented or be implemented as described in whole by or embodied in the methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network nodes, network entities, wireless communication devices and / or processing systems as fully described in the specification and drawings and illustrated in the specification and drawings.

[0010] The preceding paragraphs of this section have broadly summarized some aspects of this disclosure. These and additional aspects and their associated advantages will be described below. The disclosed aspects can serve as the basis for modifying or designing other aspects for performing the same or similar purposes of this disclosure. Such equivalent aspects do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the aspects disclosed herein, their organization and operation, and their associated advantages will be better understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings illustrate some aspects of this disclosure but do not limit its scope, as other aspects can be achieved by this description. Each drawing in the drawings is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes and not as a definition of limitation of the claims. Identical or similar reference numerals in different drawings may identify identical or similar elements.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example network node communicating with an example user equipment (UE) in a wireless network.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example associated with backscatter communication.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating examples of IoT devices associated with different types of environments.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating examples associated with delimiters.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of Internet of Things (IoT) communication associated with an environment having multiple delimiters.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the dynamic configuration of temporal gaps associated with delimiters.

[0019] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of an environment IoT physical (PHY) structure associated with three delimiters.

[0020] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example associated with another environment's IoT PHY structure, which contains three delimiters.

[0021] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of how groups are associated with common groups.

[0022] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example of how long-term IoT groups are associated.

[0023] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of an example process that supports multiple delimiters, such as one executed at an environmental IoT device or a device of an environmental IoT device.

[0024] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating an example device for wireless communication that supports IoT environments with multiple delimiters. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Various aspects of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, aspects of this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific aspect illustrated or described with reference to the drawings or otherwise presented in this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the scope of protection of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will understand that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, various combinations or numbers of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or a practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover apparatuses having structures and / or functionalities other than those available for practicing the various aspects of this disclosure set forth herein, or methods practiced using these other structures and / or functionalities. Any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0026] Various methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will now be presented with reference to them. These methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will be described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively, “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0027] Some wireless communication devices can be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices, such as environmental IoT devices (sometimes referred to as ultralight IoT devices) or similar IoT devices. In environmental IoT, the endpoints (e.g., radio frequency identification (RFID) devices, tags, or similar devices) may not include batteries, and the endpoints can accumulate energy from radio signaling. To achieve further cost reduction and zero-power communication, wireless networks can utilize a type of environmental IoT device known as an "environmental backscattering device" or "backscattering device".

[0028] Environmental IoT devices can send communication via a backward link and receive communication via a forward link. In some examples, backward link communication may include a preamble and a postamble. The preamble may occur before the payload, and the postamble may occur after the payload. The delimiter may be a waveform at the boundary of the preamble or postamble and may be encoded using a different encoding method than the payload corresponding to the preamble or postamble.

[0029] Forward link communication (e.g., forward link physical (PHY) structure components) may lack clear boundaries. For example, it may be unclear where forward link communication and / or its portions begin and / or end. Additionally or alternatively, environmental IoT devices may have difficulty detecting delimiters in forward link communication. Therefore, environmental IoT devices may experience decoding error propagation in one or more forward link PHY structure components.

[0030] Various aspects collectively relate to environmental IoT with multiple delimiters. Some aspects more specifically relate to decoding forward link communications that include multiple delimiters, which contain one or more line decoding violations or chip durations exceeding the payload of the forward link communications. In some aspects, one or more line decoding violations or chip durations of the multiple delimiters may notify environmental IoT devices of the presence of the multiple delimiters, and environmental IoT devices may use the multiple delimiters to identify multiple boundaries of the forward link communications in which the multiple delimiters reside and / or multiple boundaries within the forward link communications in which the multiple delimiters reside.

[0031] In some respects, forward link communication may include at least one control portion and at least one data portion. A delimiter may be located at the boundary between the control portion and the data portion of the forward link communication.

[0032] In some respects, forward link communication may be followed by backward link communication. The delimiter can be located at the boundary between forward link and backward link communication.

[0033] In some respects, forward link communication may include multiple data segments targeted at IoT devices in the appropriate environment. Delimiters may be located at the boundaries of data segments (e.g., at the beginning of a data segment, at the end of a data segment, or between two data segments within a data segment, etc.).

[0034] In some respects, at least two of the multiple delimiters may be separated by a time length. This time length may be pre-configured or dynamically configured. For example, the time length may be pre-configured according to telecommunications standards, or dynamically configured at any appropriate time.

[0035] Specific aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, the described techniques can be used to define clear boundaries between PHY structural components when decoding forward link communication including one or more delimiters containing one or more line decoding violations or using one or more chip durations with multiple delimiters, which can reduce the propagation of decoding errors between components. Line decoding violations and / or chip durations can help environmental IoT devices detect delimiters, and thereby further reduce decoding errors.

[0036] Pre-configured or dynamically configured time lengths can help improve the calibration performance of environmental IoT oscillators. For example, this can improve system frame number-level time-domain synchronization.

[0037] Delimiters, located at the boundary between the control and data portions of the forward link communication, clearly indicate the boundary between the two sections, helping to reduce decoding errors in both areas. Additionally or alternatively, the control and data channels can be time-division multiplexed and modulated separately. For example, the control and data channels can use different rates (e.g., the control channel can use a lower data rate, and the data channel can use a higher data rate).

[0038] Delimiters, located at the boundary between forward and backward link communications, clearly indicate the boundary between them and help reduce decoding errors in both forward and backward link communications.

[0039] Delimiters placed at the boundary of one of multiple data segments targeting IoT devices in the corresponding environment enable increased forward link communication length (e.g., longer packet length).

[0040] Multiple access radio access technology (RAT) has been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless communication devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, or global level. For example, 5G New Radio (NR) is part of the continuous mobile broadband evolution program released by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). 5G NR supports a variety of technologies and use cases, including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), millimeter wave (mmWave) technology, beamforming, network slicing, edge computing, IoT connectivity and management, and network function virtualization (NFV).

[0041] With increasing demand for broadband access and the evolution of technologies supported by wireless communication networks, further technological improvements can be adopted or implemented in 5G NR or future RATs (such as 6G) to further advance the evolution of wireless communication for a variety of existing and new use cases and applications. Such technological improvements can be associated with new frequency band extensions, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, overlapping spectrum use, small cell deployments, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, decomposed network architectures and network topology extensions, device aggregation, advanced duplex communication, sidelinks and other device-to-device direct communication, IoT (including passive or ambient IoT) networks, reduced-capacity (RedCap) UE functionality, industrial connectivity, multi-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, radio frequency (RF) sensing and / or artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML), and more. Such technological improvements can support use cases such as wireless backhaul, wireless data centers, extended reality (XR) and metaverse applications, meta-services for supporting vehicle connectivity, holographic and mixed reality communications, autonomous and collaborative robots, vehicle platooning and collaborative manipulation, sensor networks, posture monitoring, brain-computer interfaces, digital twin applications, asset management, and general coverage applications using off-ground and / or aerial platforms, etc. The methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques described herein can implement one or more of the foregoing technologies and / or support one or more of the foregoing use cases.

[0042] Figure 1 This is an illustration of an example of a wireless communication network 100. The wireless communication network 100 may be a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, or may include elements of a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, etc. The wireless communication network 100 may include multiple network nodes 110, shown as network node (NN) 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d. Network nodes 110 may support communication with multiple UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e).

[0043] Network nodes 110 and UEs 120 of wireless communication network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, frequency bands, carriers, and / or channels according to frequency or wavelength. For example, devices of wireless communication network 100 can communicate using one or more operating frequency bands. In some aspects, multiple wireless communication networks 100 can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless communication network 100 can support a specific RAT (which may also be referred to as an air interface) and can operate on one or more carrier frequencies in one or more frequency ranges. Examples of RATs include 4G RATs, 5G / NRRATs, and / or 6G RATs, etc. In some examples, when multiple RATs are deployed in a given geographical area, each RAT in that geographical area can operate on a different frequency to avoid interference with each other.

[0044] Various operating frequency bands have been defined as frequency ranges designated FR1 (410 MHz to 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, in some documents and articles, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “sub-6 GHz” band. Similarly, in some documents and articles, FR2 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band, but this is different from the Very High Frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz to 300 GHz) identified as the “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as the mid-band frequencies, including FR3. Frequency bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 or FR2 characteristics, thereby effectively extending the characteristics of FR1 or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. Therefore, "below 6 GHz" (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, within FR1, and / or included in mid-band frequencies. Similarly, the term "millimeter wave" (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies included in mid-band frequencies, within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, or FR5, and / or within the EHF band. Higher frequency bands can extend 5G NR operation, 6G operation, and / or other RATs above 52.6 GHz. For example, each of FR4a, FR4-1, FR4, and FR5 falls within the EHF band. In some examples, wireless communication network 100 can implement dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS), where multiple RATs (e.g., 4G / LTE and 5G / NR) are implemented within a single frequency band using dynamic bandwidth allocation (e.g., based on user demand). It is conceivable that the frequencies included in these operating frequency bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1 and / or FR5) can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0045] Network node 110 may include one or more devices, components, or systems that enable communication between UE 120 and one or more devices, components, or systems of wireless communication network 100. Network node 110 may be, may include, or may be referred to as: NR network node, 5G network node, 6G network node, node B, eNB, gNB, access point (AP), transmit / receive point (TRP), mobility element, core, network entity, network element, network equipment, and / or another type of device, component, or system included in the radio access network (RAN).

[0046] Network node 110 may be implemented as a single physical node (e.g., a single physical structure) or as two or more physical nodes (e.g., two or more different physical structures). For example, network node 110 may be a device or system implementing a portion of a radio protocol stack, a device or system implementing a complete protocol stack (such as a complete gNB protocol stack), or a collection of devices or systems collectively implementing a complete protocol stack. For example, and as shown, network node 110 may be an aggregated network node, meaning that network node 110 can implement a complete radio protocol stack physically and logically integrated within a single node (e.g., a single physical structure) in the wireless communication network 100. For example, aggregated network node 110 may consist of a single standalone base station or a single TRP that uses a complete radio protocol stack to implement or facilitate communication between UE 120 and the core network of wireless communication network 100.

[0047] Alternatively, and also as shown, network node 110 may be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), meaning that network node 110 may use protocol stacks that are physically distributed and / or logically distributed across two or more nodes in the same or different geographic locations. For example, a decomposed network node may have a decomposed architecture. In some deployments, decomposed network node 110 may be used in integrated access and backhaul (IAB) networks, in open radio access networks (O-RAN) (such as network configurations compliant with the O-RAN Alliance), or in virtualized radio access networks (vRAN) (also referred to as cloud radio access networks (C-RAN)) to facilitate scaling by decomposing base station functionality into multiple individually deployable units.

[0048] Network nodes 110 of wireless communication network 100 may include one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), and / or one or more radio units (RUs). CUs may host one or more higher-layer control functions, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) functions, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) functions, and / or Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) functions, etc. DUs may host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and / or one or more higher physical (PHY) layers, at least in part, according to functional splits (such as those defined by 3GPP). In some examples, DUs may also host one or more low-PHY layer functions, such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, and / or scheduling of resources for one or more UEs 120, etc. RUs may host RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions, such as FFT, iFFT, beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, etc., according to functional splits (such as lower-layer functional splits). In this type of architecture, each RU can be operated to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UE 120s.

[0049] In some aspects, a single network node 110 may include a combination of one or more CUs, one or more DUs, and / or one or more RUs. Additionally or alternatively, network node 110 may include one or more near real-time (near RT) RAN Intelligent Controllers (RICs) and / or one or more non-real-time (non-RT) RICs. In some examples, CUs, DUs, and / or RUs may be implemented as virtual units, such as Virtual Central Units (VCUs), Virtual Distributed Units (VDUs), or Virtual Radio Units (VRUs), etc. Virtual units may be implemented as virtual network functions, such as those associated with cloud deployments.

[0050] Some network nodes 110 (e.g., base stations, RUs, or TRPs) can provide communication coverage for specific geographic areas. In 3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of ​​network node 110 or to network node 110 itself, depending on the context in which the term is used. Network node 110 can support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, network node 110 can provide communication coverage for macro cells, pico cells, femto cells, or another type of cell. A macro cell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A femto cell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residential area) and can allow restricted access by UE 120 associated with that femto cell (e.g., UE 120 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). The network node 110 used for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. The network node 110 used for a picocell can be referred to as a pico network node. The network node 110 used for a femtocell can be referred to as a femto network node or a home network node.

[0051] The wireless communication network 100 can be a heterogeneous network, comprising different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, piconet nodes, femtonet nodes, relay network nodes, aggregation network nodes, and / or decomposition network nodes, etc. Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110a can be a macro network node for macro cell 130a, network node 110b can be a pico network node for pico cell 130b, and network node 110c can be a femto network node for femto cell 130c. Compared to other types of network nodes 110, the various types of network nodes 110 typically transmit at different power levels, serve different coverage areas, and / or have different effects on interference in the wireless communication network 100. For example, macro network nodes may have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 watts to 2 watts).

[0052] In some examples, network node 110 may be, may include, or may operate as a RU, TRP, or base station communicating with one or more UEs 120 via a radio access link (which may be referred to as a "Uu" link). The radio access link may include a downlink and an uplink. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication direction from network node 110 to UE 120, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication direction from UE 120 to network node 110.

[0053] In some examples, any network node 110 relaying communication may be referred to as a relay network node, a relay station, or simply a repeater. A repeater may receive communications from an upstream station (e.g., another network node 110 or UE 120) and transmit communications to a downstream station (e.g., UE 120 or another network node 110). In this case, the wireless communication network 100 may include or be referred to as a "multi-hop network." Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) can communicate with network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and UE 120d to facilitate communication between network node 110a and UE 120d. Additionally or alternatively, UE 120 can be a relay station capable of relaying transmissions to or from other UE 120s, or can operate as such a relay station. UE 120 relaying communication can be referred to as a UE repeater or relay UE, etc.

[0054] UE 120 may be physically distributed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. UE 120 may be, may include, an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit, or may be included in an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. UE 120 may be, or may include, a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband and / or smart jewelry (such as a smart ring or smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device and / or a satellite radio), an XR device, a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter or sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) device (such as a Global Positioning System device or another type of positioning device), a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device or function that can communicate via a wireless medium, or may be coupled to them.

[0055] UE 120 and / or network node 110 may include one or more chips, system-on-a-chip (SoC), chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or include a processing system. The processing system includes processor (or “processing”) circuitry in the form of one or more processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), neural processing units (NPUs), and / or digital signal processors (DSPs)), processing blocks, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs) (such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)), or other discrete gate or transistor logic components or circuits (all of which are generally referred to herein individually as “processors” or collectively as “processors” or “processor circuitry”). One or more of these processors may be individually or collectively configured to perform the various functions or operations described herein. A group of processors that can be configured or configured to perform a set of functions may include a first processor that can be configured or configured to perform a first function in the set, and a second processor that can be configured or configured to perform a second function in the set, or may include the entire group of processors that are configured or configured to perform the set of functions.

[0056] The processing system may also include memory circuitry in the form of one or more memory devices, memory blocks, memory elements, or other discrete gate or transistor logic components or circuits, each of which may include tangible storage media such as random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM) or combinations thereof (all of which are generally referred to herein individually as "memory" or collectively as "memory" or "memory circuitry"). One or more of these memories may be coupled to one or more processors in the processor (e.g., operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled) and may store processor-executable code (such as software) individually or collectively, which, when executed by one or more processors in the processor, may configure one or more processors in the processor to perform the various functions or operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, one or more processors in the processor may be pre-configured to perform the various functions or operations described herein without being configured by software. The processing system may also include or be coupled to one or more modems (such as Wi-Fi (e.g., IEEE compliant) modems or cellular (e.g., 3GPP 4G LTE, 5G, or 6G compliant) modems). In some embodiments, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more modems among the modems. The processing system may also include, or be coupled to, multiple radio components (collectively, “radio components”), multiple RF chains, or multiple transceivers, each of which may in turn be coupled to one or more antennas among a plurality of antennas. In some embodiments, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the radio components, RF chains, or transceivers. UE 120 may be included or may be contained in a housing that houses components associated with UE 120, including the processing system.

[0057] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) can communicate directly with each other using sidelink communication (e.g., without communicating through a network node 110 acting as an intermediary). As an example, UE 120a can directly send data, control information, or other signaling to UE 120e as sidelink communication. This contrasts with, for example, UE 120a first sending data to network node 110 in UL communication, and then that network node sending data to UE 120e in DL communication.

[0058] In some aspects, the environmental IoT device 135 may be configured to communicate with network node 110 and / or UE 120. The environmental IoT device 135 is further described elsewhere herein. In some aspects, the environmental IoT device 135 may include a communication manager 138. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 138 may receive forward link communication including a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or with a first chip duration greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forward link communication; and decode the forward link communication according to the plurality of delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or the first chip duration. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 138 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0059] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example network node 110 communicating with example UE 120 in a wireless network.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, network node 110 may include a data source 212, a transmit processor 214, a transmit (TX) MIMO processor 216, a set of modems 232 (shown as 232a to 232t, where t ≥ 1), a set of antennas 234 (shown as 234a to 234v, where v ≥ 1), a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a data sink 239, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, a communication unit 244, and / or a scheduler 246, etc. In some configurations, one or a combination of antennas 234, modems 232, MIMO detectors 236, receive processors 238, transmit processors 214, and / or TX MIMO processors 216 may be included in the transceiver of network node 110. The transceiver may be under the control of and used by one or more processors (such as controller / processor 240), and in some respects, performs aspects of the methods, processes, and / or operations described herein in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in memory 242. In some respects, network node 110 may include one or more interfaces, communication components and / or other components that facilitate communication with UE 120 or another network node.

[0061] The terms “processor,” “controller,” or “controller / processor” can refer to one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. For example, references to “one / the processor,” “one / the controller / processor,” etc. (in the singular) should be understood as referring to a combination of… Figure 2The processor described refers to any one or more processors, such as a single processor or a combination of multiple different processors. The reference to "one or more processors" should be understood as referring to a combination of... Figure 2 Any one or more processors described herein. For example, one or more processors of network node 110 may include transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. Similarly, one or more processors of UE 120 may include MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, and / or controller / processor 280.

[0062] In some aspects, a single processor can perform all operations described as being performed by one or more processors. In some aspects, a first set of one or more processors can perform a first operation described as being performed by that one or more processors, and a second set of one or more processors can perform a second operation described as being performed by that one or more processors. The first set of processors and the second set of processors can be the same set of processors or can be different sets of processors. The reference to "one or more memories" should be understood to refer to any one or more memories of the corresponding device, such as those in conjunction with… Figure 2 The memory described. For example, an operation described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or by different subsets of the one or more memories.

[0063] For downlink communication from network node 110 to UE 120, transmitting processor 214 may receive data (“downlink data”) intended for use by UE 120 (or a set of UEs including UE 120) from data source 212 (such as a data pipeline or data queue). In some examples, transmitting processor 214 may select one or more MCSs for UE 120 based on one or more Channel Quality Indicators (CQIs) received from UE 120. Network node 110 may process the data (e.g., including encoding the data) based on the MCS selected for UE 120 for transmission to UE 120 on the downlink, thereby generating data symbols. Transmitting processor 214 may process system information (e.g., semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and / or control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper-layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and / or control symbols. The transmitting processor 214 can generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), or channel state information (CSI) reference signals (CSI-RS)) and / or synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)).

[0064] The TX MIMO processor 216 can perform space processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols where applicable, and can output a set of symbol streams (e.g., T A set of output symbol streams is provided to modem 232. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a corresponding modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 may use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., modulate) the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a time-domain downlink signal. Modems 232a to 232t may transmit the set of downlink signals (e.g., [missing information]) together via a set of corresponding antennas 234. T (One downlink signal).

[0065] For uplink communication from UE 120 to network node 110, the uplink signal from UE 120 may be received by antenna 234, processed by modem 232 (e.g., demodulator component of modem 232, shown as DEMOD), detected where applicable by MIMO detector 236 (e.g., receive (Rx) MIMO processor), and / or further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and / or control information. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to data sink 239 (which may be a data pipeline, data queue, and / or another type of data sink) and provide the decoded control information to processors such as controller / processor 240.

[0066] Network node 110 may use scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink or uplink communication. In some aspects, scheduler 246 may use downlink control information (DCI) to dynamically schedule DL transmissions to and / or UL transmissions from UE 120. In some examples, scheduler 246 may allocate repetitive time-domain and / or frequency-domain resources that UE 120 may use to transmit and / or receive communication using RRC configuration (e.g., semi-static configuration), for example, to perform semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) or to configure configuration grant (CG) for UE 120.

[0067] One or more of the following may be included in the RF chain of network node 110: transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. The RF chain may include filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and / or other devices for converting analog signals (such as those used for transmission or reception via an air interface) to digital signals (such as those used for processing by one or more processors of network node 110). In some aspects, the RF chain may be a transceiver of network node 110, or may be included in such a transceiver.

[0068] In some examples, network node 110 may use communication unit 244 to communicate with the core network and / or other network nodes. Communication unit 244 may support wired and / or wireless communication protocols and / or connections, such as Ethernet, fiber optic, Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), and / or wired or wireless backhaul, etc. Network node 110 may use communication unit 244 to send and / or receive data associated with UE 120, or to execute network control signaling, etc. Communication unit 244 may include transceivers and / or interfaces, such as network interfaces.

[0069] UE 120 may include a collection of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r, where r ≥ 1), a collection of modems 254 (shown as modems 254a to 254u, where u ≥ 1), a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a data sink 260, a data source 262, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, and / or a memory 282, etc. One or more components of UE 120 may be included in housing 284. In some aspects, one or a combination of antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, or TX MIMO processor 266 may be included in a transceiver included in UE 120. The transceiver may be under the control of and used by one or more processors (such as controller / processor 280), and in some aspects, may perform aspects of the methods, processes, or operations described herein in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in memory 282. In some respects, UE 120 may include another interface, another communication component and / or another component that facilitates communication with network node 110 and / or another UE 120.

[0070] For downlink communication from network node 110 to UE 120, the set of antennas 252 can receive downlink communication or signals from network node 110, and can receive the set of downlink signals (e.g., R Each received signal is provided to a set of modems 254. For example, each received signal may be provided to a corresponding demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding demodulator component to further demodulate or process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain a received symbol. MIMO detector 256 may obtain the received symbols from the set of modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and may provide the detected symbols. Receiver processor 258 may process (e.g., decode) the detected symbols, may provide the decoded data for UE 120 to data sink 260 (such as a data pipeline, data queue, and / or application executed on UE 120), and may provide the decoded control information and system information to controller / processor 280.

[0071] For uplink communication from UE 120 to network node 110, the transmitting processor 264 may receive and process data (“uplink data”) from data source 262 (such as data pipelines, data queues, and / or applications running on UE 120) and control information from controller / processor 280. The control information may include one or more parameters, feedback, one or more signal measurements, and / or other types of control information. In some aspects, the receiving processor 258 and / or controller / processor 280 may identify one or more parameters related to the transmission of uplink communication for received signals (such as those received from network node 110 or another UE). One or more parameters may include a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) parameter, a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) parameter, a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) parameter, a CQI parameter, or a Transmit Power Control (TPC) parameter, etc. The control information may include indications of RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, CQI, TPC, and / or another parameter. Control information can facilitate parameter selection and / or scheduling for UE 120 by network node 110.

[0072] Transmit processor 264 can generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals, such as uplink DMRS, uplink sounding reference signal (SRS), and / or another type of reference signal. Symbols from transmit processor 264 can be pre-decoded by TX MIMO processor 266 where applicable, and further processed by a set of modems 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM). TX MIMO processor 266 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols where applicable, and can output a set of symbol streams (e.g., ... U A set of output symbol streams is provided to modem 254. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a corresponding modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., modulate) the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 254 may further use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain an uplink signal.

[0073] Modems 254a to 254u can transmit uplink signal sets (e.g., via a set of corresponding antennas 252) R One uplink signal or UUplink signals may include uplink control information (UCI) communications, MAC control element (MAC-CE) communications, RRC communications, or another type of uplink communication. Uplink signals may be transmitted on the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), and / or another type of uplink channel. Uplink signals may carry one or more transport blocks (TBs) of data. Sidelink data and control transmission (i.e., transmission directly between two or more UEs 120) may typically use techniques similar to those described for uplink data and control transmission and may use sidelink-specific channels such as the Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH), and / or Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH).

[0074] One or more antennas in the set of antennas 252 or the set of antennas 234 may include one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, etc., or may be included in one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or with one or more transmitting or receiving components (such as...) Figure 2 An antenna module is a combination of one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more components. As used herein, "antenna" can mean one or more antennas, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more collections of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays. "Antenna panel" can mean a group of antennas (such as antenna elements) arranged in an array or panel that can facilitate beamforming by manipulating the parameters of that group of antennas. "Antenna module" can mean a circuit that includes one or more antennas, and may also include one or more other components (such as filters, amplifiers, or processors) associated with integrating the antenna module into a wireless communication device.

[0075] In some examples, each antenna element of antenna 234 or antenna 252 may include one or more sub-elements for radiating or receiving radio frequency signals. For example, a single antenna element may include a first sub-element cross-polarized with a second sub-element that can be used to independently transmit cross-polarized signals. Antenna elements may include patch antennas, dipole antennas, and / or other types of antennas arranged in a linear pattern, a two-dimensional pattern, or another pattern. The spacing between antenna elements can allow signals with desired wavelengths transmitted individually by the antenna elements to interact or interfere (e.g., to form desired beams) in various directions. For example, given a desired wavelength or frequency range, the spacing may provide a quarter wavelength, half a wavelength, or another fraction of the wavelength of the spacing between adjacent antenna elements to allow desired constructive and destructive interference patterns of signals transmitted by individual antenna elements within that desired range. The amplitude and / or phase of signals transmitted via antenna elements and / or sub-elements may be modulated and (e.g., by manipulating phase shifts, phase offsets, and / or amplitudes) shifted relative to each other to generate one or more beams, a process known as beamforming. The term "beam" can refer to the directional transmission of a wireless signal toward a receiving device or otherwise in a desired direction. "Beam" can also typically refer to the direction associated with such directional signal transmission, the set of directional resources associated with the signal transmission (e.g., angle of arrival, horizontal direction and / or vertical direction), and / or a set of parameters indicating one or more aspects of the directional signal, the direction associated with the signal, and / or the set of directional resources associated with the signal.

[0076] Network node 110, network node 110's controller / processor 240, UE 120, UE 120's controller / processor 280, CU, DU, RU or Figure 1 or Figure 2 Any other component may implement one or more technologies associated with an IoT environment having multiple delimiters or perform one or more operations associated with an IoT environment having multiple delimiters, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, Figure 2 Any other component, CU, DU, or RU can (alone or in combination with one or more other processors) perform or direct, for example Figure 12The operation of process 1200 or other processes as described herein. Memory 242 may store data and program code for network node 110, CU, DU, or RU. Memory 282 may store data and program code for UE 120. In some examples, memory 242 or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instruction sets (e.g., code or program code) for wireless communication. Memory 242 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same or different types). Memory 282 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same or different types). For example, the instruction set may be executed by one or more processors of network node 110, UE 120, CU, DU, or RU (e.g., directly, or after compilation, translation, or interpretation). Figure 12 The process 1200 or other processes as described herein. In some examples, the execution instructions may include run instructions, transform instructions, compile instructions, and / or interpret instructions, etc. In some aspects, the environment IoT device 135 described herein is UE 120, included in UE 120, or includes Figure 2 One or more components of UE 120 are shown in the figure.

[0077] In some aspects, the environmental IoT device 135 includes components for receiving forwardlink communication including a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or with a first chip duration greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forwardlink communication; and / or components for decoding the forwardlink communication according to the plurality of delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or the first chip duration. In some aspects, components for the environmental IoT device 135 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of a communication manager 138, an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, or a memory 282.

[0078] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating Example 300 associated with backscatter communication.

[0079] Some wireless communication devices can be considered IoT devices, such as environmental IoT devices (sometimes called ultralight IoT devices) or similar IoT devices. In environmental IoT, the terminal (e.g., RFID device, tag, or similar device) may not include a battery, and the terminal can accumulate energy from radio signaling. To achieve further cost reduction and zero-power communication, wireless networks can utilize a type of environmental IoT device known as an "environmental backscattering device" or "backscattering device".

[0080] like Figure 3 As shown, a backscattering device 305 (e.g., a tag or sensor, etc.), which may be an example of an environmental IoT device, can employ a simplified hardware design (e.g., including a power divider, energy harvester, and microcontroller). This hardware design does not include a battery, allowing the backscattering device 305 to rely on energy harvesting for power, and does not include radio wave generation circuitry, enabling the backscattering device 305 to transmit information solely by reflecting radio waves. More specifically, the backscattering device 305 communicates with a reader 308 (e.g., UE 120, network node 110, or another network device) by modulating reflected radio signals from an RF source 310 (e.g., network node 110, UE 120, or another network device). In some examples, the RF source 310 and the reader 308 may be the same device and / or may be co-located. For example, in some instances, the reader 308 and the RF source 310 may be associated with the same network node 110.

[0081] To facilitate communication with backscattering device 305, RF source 310 may send an energy harvesting wave to backscattering device 305. The energy harvesting wave may be sent for a sufficient duration to achieve a target range communication phase between reader 308 and backscattering device 305. Additionally or alternatively, in some instances, the range between RF source 310 and backscattering device 305 may be limited by a minimum received power, such as -20 dBm, to trigger energy harvesting at backscattering device 305.

[0082] Once sufficient energy has accumulated at backscattering device 305, backscattering device 305 can begin reflecting radio waves radiated to it via backscattering link 315. For example, RF source 310 can initiate a communication session with a query (sometimes referred to as query-response communication), where the query can be a modulated envelope of a carrier wave (CW). Backscattering device 305 can respond by backscattering the CW. The communication session can include multiple rounds, such as for contention resolution purposes when multiple backscattering devices respond to queries. The channel between RF source 310 and backscattering device 305 on backscattering link 315 can be compared with a first backscattering link channel response value (sometimes referred to as a first backscattering link channel coefficient or a first backscattering link gain value). h BD Associated with the following description, the backscattering device 305 may have a reflection on-time and reflection off-time that follow at least in part based on the pattern of information bit transmission by the backscattering device 305. The reader 308 may detect the reflection pattern of the backscattering device 305 and obtain backscattering communication information via the backscattering link 315. The channel between the reader 308 and the backscattering device 305 via the backscattering link 315 may be correlated with a second backscattering link channel response value (sometimes referred to as a second backscattering link channel coefficient or a second backscattering link channel gain value). h DU Relatedly, RF source 310 and reader 308 can communicate (e.g., reference signals and / or data signals) via direct link 320. The channel between RF source 310 and reader 308 of direct link 320 can be correlated with the direct link channel response value (sometimes referred to as the direct link channel coefficient or direct link channel gain value). h BU Related.

[0083] Backscattering device 305 can use information modulation schemes, such as amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation or on-off keying (OOK) modulation. For ASK or OOK modulation, backscattering device 305 can enable reflection when transmitting an information bit "1" and disable reflection when transmitting an information bit "0". In backscatter communication, RF source 310 can transmit specific radio waves (e.g., reference signals or data signals, such as the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), which can be represented as... x(n) Reader 308 can receive the radio waves directly from RF source 310 via direct link 320. x(n) The radio wave is received by the backscattering device 305, which modulates the radio wave and reflects it back to the reader 308, via backscattering link 315. The signal received at the reader 308 via direct link 320 (indicated by reference numeral 325) is the radio wave transmitted by RF source 310. x(n) Multiply by the direct link channel response value h BU The product of the product and any signal noise. The information bit signal of the backscattering device 305 can be represented as... s (n) ,in s(n) ∈{0,1}. Therefore, the signal received at reader 308 via backscatter link 315 (indicated by reference numeral 330) is the signal transmitted by RF source 310. x(n) Multiply by the first backscatter link channel response value h BD Second backscatter link channel response value h DU Information bit signal from backscattering device 305 s(n) And the product of the reflection coefficient associated with the backscattering device 305 plus any noise.

[0084] Therefore, the received signal at reader 308 (which is the superposition of the signal received via direct link 320 and the signal received via backscatter link 315) can be represented as y(n) This signal y(n) As shown by reference numeral 335 in the figure. As illustrated, when s(n) When = 0 (indicated by reference numeral 340 in the graph shown at reference numeral 330), the backscattering device 305 can turn off reflection, and therefore the reader 308 receives only the direct link 320 signal. When s(n) When the signal is 1 (indicated by reference numeral 345 in the graph shown at reference numeral 330), the backscattering device 305 can activate reflection, and thus the reader 308 receives the superposition of the direct link 320 signal and the backscattered link 315 signal. To receive the information bits transmitted by the backscattering device 305, the reader 308 may initially treat the backscattered link 315 signal as interference, at least in part, based on the direct link channel response value. h BU ( n To decode x(n Then, reader 308 can detect the presence of the signal component. The specific implementation described herein enables multi-delimiter communication for environmental IoT devices, such as backscatter device 305.

[0085] Figure 4 These are illustrations of examples 400, 410, and 420 associated with different types of IoT devices in the environment.

[0086] Example 400 illustrates components of a passive environment IoT device. As shown, a passive environment IoT device may include a passive radio component 430. For example, the passive radio component 430 may be configured as a backscatter CW.

[0087] Example 410 illustrates the components of a semi-passive environment IoT device. As shown, the semi-passive environment IoT device may include an energy harvester 440, an energy storage device 450, and a low-complexity semi-passive radio component 460. For example, the low-complexity semi-passive radio component 460 may be configured to harvest energy from the CW using the energy harvester 440, store the energy from the CW using the energy storage device 450, and / or backscatter the CW.

[0088] Example 420 illustrates components of an active environmental IoT device. As shown, an active environmental IoT device may include an energy harvester 440, an energy storage device 450, and a low-complexity (e.g., low-cost) active radio component 470. For example, the low-complexity active radio component 470 may be configured to harvest energy from the CW using the energy harvester 440, store the energy from the CW using the energy storage device 450, and / or backscatter the CW. In some aspects, passive, semi-passive, or active environmental IoT devices may perform operations associated with multiple delimiters used for environmental IoT communication.

[0089] Table 1 below summarizes the various capabilities and properties of passive, semi-passive, and active IoT devices.

[0090]

[0091] Table 1

[0092] Environmental IoT devices can be classified into at least three types: Device 1, Device 2a, and Device 2b. Device 1 type environmental IoT devices may include at least some passive and / or semi-passive devices. Device 1 type environmental IoT devices may have approximately 1 µ Peak power consumption of W, supports energy storage, and can be used up to 10 X The initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of ppm (e.g., where X (It can be any suitable value), and the uplink transmission is conveyed through backscattering of the externally provided CW.

[0093] Environmental IoT devices of type 2a may include at least some semi-passive devices, and environmental IoT devices of type 2b may include active devices. Both environmental IoT devices of type 2a and type 2b may have fewer than or equal to several hundred... µPeak power consumption of W, supports energy storage, and uses up to 10 X Initial SFO of ppm. Environmental IoT devices of device type 2a can transmit uplink transmissions via backscattering of externally provided CW. Environmental IoT devices of device type 2b can transmit uplink transmissions by generating uplink transmissions internally.

[0094] In some examples, indoor environmental IoT devices of types 1, 2a, and / or 2b can support a maximum distance of 10m to 50m, which can be subselected. In topology 1 (e.g., where the environmental IoT device can communicate directly and bidirectionally with one or more network nodes 110) and topology 2 (e.g., where the environmental IoT device can communicate bidirectionally with an intermediate node between the environmental IoT device and network node 110), environmental IoT devices of types 1, 2a, and / or 2b may not support RRC status, mobility (e.g., similar cell selection / reselection functionality), Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ), or Hybrid ARQ (HARQ).

[0095] Figure 5 These are illustrations of examples 500 and 510 associated with delimiters.

[0096] Example 500 illustrates an example preamble including interrogator-to-tag (R=>T) signaling. The interrogator can modulate, transmit, receive, and / or demodulate the signal to communicate with the tag, and the tag can modulate a backscattered signal after receiving a command from the interrogator. As shown, the preamble may include a CW, a fixed-length start delimiter, a data-0 symbol, an R=>T calibration (RTcal) symbol, and a tag-to-interrogator calibration symbol (TRcal). In some examples, the interrogator may use a preamble or a frame-sync sequence to begin all R=>T signaling. In some examples, the frame-sync sequence may be the same as the preamble, except that the frame-sync sequence may not include the TRcal symbol.

[0097] CW can have long durations (e.g., approximately 100). µ s). The delimiter may be located at the beginning of the preamble (e.g., as part of the preamble) and may include 12.5 after the CW. µ s RF shutdown duration. The data-0 symbol can be 1 Tari, which can be a reference time interval used for R=>T signaling. For example, the interrogator can use 6.25. µ s to 25 µCommunication is performed using takt values ​​within the range of s. The duration of an RTcal symbol can be between 2.5 takt and 3.0 takt (inclusive). The duration of an RTcal symbol can be between 1.1 times and 3 times the duration of an RTcal symbol (inclusive). Data-0 symbols, RT symbols, and TRcal symbols can each end with an RF shutdown duration, which is the length of the RF pulse width (“PW”), which can have max (0.265 Tari and 2) µ The minimum value of s) and the maximum value in the tower of 0.525.

[0098] Example 510 illustrates a command frame sent from an interrogator to a tag. The command frame includes a preamble detection field, a preamble, a delimiter, a command code, a parameter field, an application data field, and 16 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits (CRC-16). The preamble detection field may include at least 400... µ There is no modulated CW during the duration of s, which corresponds to 16 bits for a communication rate of 40 kilobits per second (kbps). The command code indicates the type of command associated with the command frame, and the parameter field and application data field may depend on the command.

[0099] Preambles and delimiters can be associated with Manchester decoding. Manchester decoding involves encoding or decoding a sequence of bits (e.g., Manchester bits) based at least in part on signal transitions within each bit period of the sequence. For example, the direction of the signal transition can indicate whether the bit associated with the bit period is 0 or 1. In some examples, a high-low transition can represent 1 bit, and a low-high transition can represent 1 bit. In some examples, a low-high transition can represent 0 bits, and a high-low transition can represent 1 bit. The term "Manchester 0" can refer to a Manchester bit with a value of 0, and the term "Manchester 1" can refer to a Manchester bit with a value of 1.

[0100] The preamble can be equivalent to nine Manchester 0s. Delimiters can be sequences located at the end of the preamble and outside it. A delimiter can be any of a plurality of delimiters. For example, as shown, the delimiter can be any of four delimiters: 520, 530, 540, and 550, each containing a Manchester violation. Manchester violations can occur in signals that do not conform to Manchester decoding. For example, a signal that does not transition within one or more bit cycles (e.g., a signal that remains low or high in each bit cycle) may contain a Manchester violation. Delimiter 550 may indicate that the tag return data rate is four times the forward link data rate.

[0101] Forward link communication (e.g., forward link PHY structural components) may lack clear boundaries. For example, it may be unclear where forward link communication and / or its portions begin and / or end. Additionally or alternatively, environmental IoT devices may have difficulty detecting delimiters in forward link communication. Therefore, environmental IoT devices may experience decoding error propagation in one or more forward link PHY structural components. This document provides specific implementations for environmental IoT with multiple delimiters.

[0102] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating example 600 associated with an IoT environment having multiple delimiters. (See diagram for example.) Figure 6 As shown, the wireless communication device (“WCD”) 610 and the environmental IoT device 620 can communicate with each other. The wireless communication device 610 can be a network node 110 or a UE 120, etc. The environmental IoT device 620 can be a type 1 device, a type 2a device, or a type 2b device, etc.

[0103] In the first operation 630, the wireless communication device 610 can transmit and the environmental IoT device 620 can receive forwardlink communication, which includes multiple delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or with a first chip duration, the first chip duration being greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forwardlink communication. The forwardlink communication may include forwardlink packets, PHY structures, or frame structures, etc.

[0104] In some respects, multiple delimiters may have the same waveform. For example, each of the multiple delimiters may have the same waveform. In other respects, multiple delimiters may have different waveforms. For example, at least one of the multiple delimiters may have a waveform different from at least one of the other multiple delimiters. In some examples, one or more of the multiple delimiters may have a pre-configured waveform according to telecommunications standards.

[0105] Line code can be a signal representing digital data (e.g., a bit sequence). Line decoding can involve encoding or decoding digital data in a signal. Manchester decoding can be an example of line decoding. Line decoding violations can occur in signals that do not conform to line decoding. Manchester decoding violations can be an example of line decoding violations.

[0106] Multiple delimiters can be associated with one or more line decoding violations because multiple delimiters can contain one or more line decoding violations. For example, multiple delimiters can have waveforms (e.g., sequences) that contain one or more line decoding violations. In some examples, multiple delimiters can be associated with the same line decoding violation. In some examples, multiple delimiters can be associated with correspondingly different line decoding violations.

[0107] A chip can be a signal pulse (e.g., a pulse corresponding to an on or off indication). Chip duration can be the length of time the chip has been stored. Multiple delimiters can be associated with a first chip duration, as at least one of the multiple delimiters can include one or more chips having the first chip duration. As mentioned, the first chip duration can be longer than the second chip duration. In some examples, the payload can include one or more chips having the second chip duration. The payload can be associated with forward link communication, as the forward link communication includes or otherwise corresponds to the payload. In some examples, the payload can carry at least data.

[0108] In some examples, the control and / or data portions of the forward link communication may conform to Manchester decoding. For example, the chip sequence used for the control and / or data portions may be: on, off, on, off. The chip sequence used for one or more delimiters among a plurality of delimiters may be: off, off, off, on (which may be a Manchester decoding violation). In some examples, the chip length of the delimiters may be predefined according to telecommunications standards. For example, the chip length may be the maximum chip duration supported by the ambient IoT.

[0109] In the second operation 640, the environmental IoT device 620 may decode forward link communication based on multiple delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or first chip durations. For example, one or more line decoding violations or first chip durations may notify the environmental IoT device 620 of the presence of multiple delimiters. The environmental IoT device 620 may decode forward link communication based on multiple delimiters because the environmental IoT device 620 may use multiple delimiters to identify multiple boundaries of the forward link communication in which the multiple delimiters are located and / or multiple boundaries within the forward link communication in which the multiple delimiters are located.

[0110] Figure 7 This is a diagram of example 700, which illustrates the dynamic configuration of the temporal gaps between the instance and the delimiter.

[0111] A time domain gap can be the length of time during which at least two of a plurality of delimiters are separated. In some examples, a time domain gap between at least two of the plurality of delimiters may not be configured. In some aspects, the time domain gap between at least two of the plurality of delimiters can be pre-configured or dynamically configured. For example, a time domain gap can be the duration of one or more forward link time slots (and / or backward link time slots). In some examples, the time domain gap can be pre-configured according to telecommunications standards. In some examples, the time domain gap can be dynamically configured (e.g., dynamically indicated). For example, the time domain gap can be configured at any suitable time, such as after one of the at least two delimiters has been transmitted. For example, the time domain gap can be dynamically configured in a PHY packet carrying multiple delimiters. For example, dynamic configuration can be carried in the control and / or data portions of a PHY packet.

[0112] Example 700 relates to a dynamic configuration 710 (e.g., dynamic indication) of a time-domain gap 720. As shown, the time-domain gap 720 can separate two delimiters. Between the two delimiters (e.g., during the time-domain gap 720), a time-frequency synchronization signal, a forward link control portion, and a forward link data portion can be transmitted. The time-frequency synchronization signal, the forward link control portion, and the forward link data portion can occupy four time slots used for the forward link. Therefore, the time-domain gap 720 can be four time slots, and the dynamic configuration 710 can indicate that the time-domain gap 720 is four time slots.

[0113] In some examples, the environmental IoT device 620 may use dynamic configuration 710 to calibrate a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO), which provides a timing reference for the environmental IoT device 620. At a first operation 730, the clock counter of the environmental IoT device 620 may begin counting cycles based at least partially on a frequency f0 provided by the DCO. At a second operation 740, the clock counter may stop counting. The clock counter may identify the number N of measurement cycles equal to the time domain gap 720. C The clock counter can measure the number of measurement cycles N. C A comparator is provided for the 620 environmental IoT device. The comparator can measure the number of measurement cycles N. C The comparison is performed against a target number of periods N0, which can be equal to the number of periods (e.g., four time slots) between delimiters indicated by the dynamic configuration 710. The comparator can identify the period corresponding to N. C The difference Δf between the frequency of N0 and N0 (if any) is calculated and provided to the DCO. The DCO can then recalibrate, at least in part, based on the difference Δf.

[0114] In some respects, the time-domain gap can be one or more of the following: the size of the forward link communication, the size of the control portion of the forward link communication, the size of the data portion of the forward link communication, or the size of a segment of the forward link communication. The size of the forward link communication (e.g., a packet), control portion, data portion, or segment (e.g., in cases involving multiple TBs) can be the duration of the forward link communication, control portion, data portion, or segment. For example, if multiple delimiters are two delimiters located at the boundaries of the forward link communication, control portion, data portion, or segment, then the time-domain gap can be the size of the forward link communication, control portion, data portion, or segment, respectively. Therefore, the time-domain gap can be extended to the size of the forward link communication, control portion, data portion, or segment.

[0115] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example 800 associated with an environment IoT PHY structure containing three delimiters.

[0116] In some aspects, at least one of the multiple delimiters may be located at the boundary between the control portion and the data portion of the forward link communication. For example, delimiter 810 may serve as the boundary between the control portion (“FL control”) and the data portion (“FL data”). The forward link communication may include at least CW, a time-frequency synchronization signal, forward link control, and forward link data. For example, delimiter 810 may be located between a control channel corresponding to the control portion (e.g., an environmental IoT forward link control channel) and a data channel corresponding to the data portion (e.g., an environmental IoT data channel), and serve as the boundary between them. In some examples, the length of the control channel may be configured or pre-configured.

[0117] As shown in the figure, another delimiter may be located in the time-frequency synchronization signal and may indicate the beginning of the coded portion of the forward link communication. Example 800 also illustrates backward link communication including multiple backward link control portions and / or data portions, as well as uplink scheduling trigger signals. In some examples, a delimiter may be included between the backward link control portion and the backward link data portion. For example, a delimiter may be applied between the environmental IoT backward link control channel corresponding to the backward link control portion and the environmental IoT data channel corresponding to the backward link data portion.

[0118] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating Example 900 associated with another environment IoT PHY structure containing three delimiters.

[0119] In some aspects, at least one of the multiple delimiters may be located at the end of the forward link communication. For example, delimiter 910 may be located at the end of the forward link communication (e.g., at the end of the forward link data portion). The forward link communication may include at least CW, time-frequency synchronization signals, forward link control, and forward link data. In some examples, the length of the forward link communication may be configurable, pre-configurable, or not configured.

[0120] Although Example 900 also illustrates backward link communication (e.g., including multiple backward link control sections and / or data sections and uplink scheduling trigger signals), backward link communication may not be present in other examples. For example, a selection command that may not involve backward link feedback could be an example of forward link communication that includes at least one of multiple delimiters at the end of the forward link communication.

[0121] In some respects, at least one delimiter may be located at the boundary between forward link communication and backward link communication. For example, delimiter 910 may be applied between forward link communication and backward link communication. For example, delimiter 910 may define the boundary between the forward link and the backward link.

[0122] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating example 1000 associated with a group of common groups.

[0123] In some aspects, forward link communication may include multiple data portions associated with a corresponding environment IoT device, and at least one of the multiple delimiters may be located at the boundary of one of the multiple data portions. In some examples, forward link communication may be a group common packet (e.g., a group common environment IoT packet). Multiple data portions may be associated with a corresponding environment IoT device because each data portion may target a different environment IoT device.

[0124] For example, delimiter 1010 may be located in a container for environmental IoT devices. X The boundary of the data portion of the forward link data. Additionally or alternatively, the delimiter 1020 may be located at the boundary of the data portion containing IoT devices for the environment. X The forward link data portion and includes data for environmental IoT devices Y The boundary of the data portion of the forward link data. Additionally or alternatively, the delimiter 1030 may be located at the boundary of the data portion containing the environmental IoT device. Y The forward link data portion and includes data for environmental IoT devices ZThe delimiters 1010, 1020, and 1030 are located at the boundaries of the data portions of the forward link data. Therefore, delimiters 1010, 1020, and 1030 can be inserted into the group common environment IoT grouping and represent the boundaries between data for different environment IoT devices. In some examples, environment IoT devices... X , Y or Z One of them could be the environmental IoT device 620.

[0125] In some respects, multiple data portions may be associated with corresponding CRCs. Multiple data portions can be associated with corresponding CRCs because multiple data portions may contain corresponding CRC bits corresponding to the corresponding CRC. For example, each data portion may undergo a CRC calculation independent of the CRC calculations used for other data portions. Therefore, in some examples, each data portion may have a separate CRC and delimiter.

[0126] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating example 1100 associated with a long-environment IoT group.

[0127] In some aspects, the environmental IoT device 620 can transmit and the wireless communication device 610 can receive backlink communication, which includes multiple delimiters and multiple data portions associated with the environmental IoT device, and at least one of the multiple delimiters may be located at the boundary between two data portions. The multiple data portions may be associated with the environmental IoT device 620 because each data portion may be transmitted by the environmental IoT device 620. The backlink communication may include backlink packets, PHY structures, or frame structures, etc. In some examples, one or more of the multiple delimiters may be pre-configured according to telecommunications standards. In some examples, the multiple delimiters may be inserted into a long environmental IoT packet and transmitted from the environmental IoT device 620 via the backlink.

[0128] For example, at a first operation 1110, a wireless communication device 610 (e.g., a reader) may send and an environmental IoT device 620 (e.g., a tag) may receive a request to read 300 bits stored in the memory of the environmental IoT device 620. At a second operation 1120, the environmental IoT device 620 may send and the wireless communication device 610 may receive backlink communication, which includes a backlink control portion, a data portion containing 300 bits, and delimiters 1130 to 1150.

[0129] As shown in the figure, delimiter 1130 may be located at the boundary of the data portion containing the first set of 100-bit backward link data. Alternatively, delimiter 1140 may be located at the boundary between the data portion containing the first set of 100-bit backward link data and the data portion containing the second set of 100-bit backward link data. Alternatively, delimiter 1150 may be located at the boundary between the data portion containing the second set of 100-bit backward link data and the data portion containing the third set of 100-bit backward link data. Therefore, delimiters 1130 to 1150 can be inserted into long environmental IoT packets and indicate the boundaries between the data portions. Thus, delimiters 1130 to 1150 can be used as boundaries in long data channels of environmental IoT packets.

[0130] In some examples, the wireless communication device 610 may successfully decode the first and third groups of 100 bits, but experiences a decoding error associated with the data portion containing the backward link data of the second group of 100 bits. Therefore, the wireless communication device 610 may fail to decode the second 100 bits. Thus, in the third operation 1160, the wireless communication device 610 may send, and the environmental IoT device 620 may receive, a request to reread the second group of 100 bits.

[0131] In the fourth operation 1170, the environmental IoT device 620 can transmit and the wireless communication device 610 can receive backlink communication, which includes a backlink control portion, a data portion containing a second set of 100 bits, and a delimiter 1180 located at the boundary between the backlink control portion and the data portion containing the second set of 100 bits. In some examples, the wireless communication device 610 can successfully decode the second set of 100 bits.

[0132] In some aspects, forward link communication may include multiple data portions associated with the environmental IoT device 620, and at least one of the multiple delimiters may be located at the boundary of one of the data portions. The multiple data portions may be associated with the environmental IoT device 620 because each data portion may be targeted to the environmental IoT device 620. At least one delimiter may be located at the beginning of a data portion, the end of a data portion, and / or between that data portion and another of the multiple data portions. In some examples, the multiple delimiters may be inserted into a long environmental IoT packet and sent to the environmental IoT device 620 via the forward link.

[0133] In some respects, at least one delimiter can be an on-demand, periodic delimiter. For example, long environmental IoT packets in the forward or backward links can use on-demand, periodic delimiters. A delimiter can be on-demand in the sense that the environmental IoT device 620 can use the delimiter to transmit or receive communications at any suitable time. A delimiter can be periodic in the sense that the environmental IoT device 620 can periodically reuse the delimiter.

[0134] In some aspects, multiple data portions can be associated with corresponding CRCs. Multiple data portions (e.g., data portions in a forward or backward link long-environment IoT packet) can be associated with corresponding CRCs because multiple data portions can contain corresponding CRC bits corresponding to the corresponding CRC. For example, each data portion can undergo a CRC calculation independent of the CRC calculations used for other data portions. Therefore, in some examples, each data portion can have a separate CRC and delimiter. For example, each data channel corresponding to a data portion can be divided (e.g., equally divided) into... K Each part has its own CRC and delimiter. For example, if the wireless communication device 610 decodes a part of the backlink communication with errors... N Then the wireless communication device 610 can reread part of the data from the environmental IoT device 620. N .

[0135] Decoding forward link communication based on multiple delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or first chip duration helps define clear boundaries between PHY structure components, which reduces the propagation of decoding errors between components. Line decoding violations and / or first chip duration help the environment's IoT device 620 detect delimiters, thereby further reducing decoding errors.

[0136] The time-domain gap between at least two of a plurality of delimiters can be pre-configured or dynamically configured to help improve the calibration performance of environmental IoT oscillators, such as by combining Figure 7 As described. For example, this can improve system frame number-level time-domain synchronization.

[0137] At least one of the multiple delimiters, located at the boundary between the control and data portions of the forward link communication, can clearly indicate the boundary between the forward link control and data portions, which helps reduce decoding errors in the control and data portions. Additionally or alternatively, the control and data channels can be time-division multiplexed and modulated separately. For example, the control and data channels can use different rates (e.g., the control channel can use a lower data rate, and the data channel can use a higher data rate).

[0138] Having at least one delimiter at the boundary between forward and backward link communication can indicate a clear boundary between them and help reduce decoding errors in both forward and backward link communication.

[0139] Forward link communication comprises multiple data segments associated with IoT devices in the corresponding environment, and the presence of at least one of multiple delimiters at the boundary of one of the data segments enables increased forward link communication length (e.g., longer packet lengths). Associating multiple data segments with corresponding CRCs helps prevent decoding errors in one portion of the forward link data from affecting other portions, as each portion can have its own CRC and delimiter.

[0140] Forward link communication includes multiple data portions associated with the environmental IoT device 620, and at least one of the multiple delimiters located at the boundary of one of the data portions helps control the propagation of decoding errors in the forward link at the environmental IoT device 620. Associating multiple data portions with corresponding CRCs helps reduce transmission overhead by enabling the retransmission of a portion of the forward link communication.

[0141] Sending backlink communication that includes multiple delimiters and multiple data portions associated with an environmental IoT device (where at least one of the multiple delimiters is located at the boundary between two of the multiple data portions) can indicate clear boundaries between the data portions of the backlink communication and help reduce decoding errors in the data portions of the backlink communication.

[0142] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of an example process 1200 supporting multiple delimiters, executed at an environmental IoT device or a device of an environmental IoT device. Example process 1200 is an example in which a device or environmental IoT device (e.g., environmental IoT device 135) performs operations associated with multiple delimiters.

[0143] like Figure 12 As shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include: receiving forward link communication including a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or associated with a first chip duration, the first chip duration being greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forward link communication (box 1210). For example, environmental IoT devices (such as those using...) Figure 13The communication manager 138 or receiving component 1302 depicted herein can receive forward link communication including a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or associated with a first chip duration, the first chip duration being greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forward link communication, as described above.

[0144] like Figure 12 Further shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include: decoding forward link communication according to multiple delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or the duration of the first chip (box 1220). For example, environmental IoT devices (such as those using...) Figure 13 The communication manager 138 or decoding component 1308 described above can decode forward link communication based on multiple delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or first chip duration.

[0145] Process 1200 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described in one or more other processes described below or in conjunction with other parts of this document.

[0146] In the first additional aspect, the temporal gap between at least two of the multiple delimiters is pre-configured or dynamically configured.

[0147] In a second additional aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the time-domain gap is one or more of the following: the size of the forward link communication, the size of the control portion of the forward link communication, the size of the data portion of the forward link communication, or the size of a segment of the forward link communication.

[0148] In a third additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, multiple delimiters have the same waveform.

[0149] In a fourth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, multiple delimiters have different waveforms.

[0150] In a fifth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the boundary between the control portion and the data portion of the forward link communication.

[0151] In a sixth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the end of the forward link communication.

[0152] In a seventh additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, at least one delimiter is located at the boundary between forward link communication and backward link communication.

[0153] In the eighth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the forward link communication includes multiple data portions associated with an IoT device in the corresponding environment, and at least one of the multiple delimiters is located at the boundary of one of the multiple data portions.

[0154] In the ninth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, multiple data portions are associated with corresponding CRCs.

[0155] In the tenth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the forward link communication includes multiple data portions associated with an environmental IoT device, and at least one of the multiple delimiters is located at the boundary of one of the multiple data portions.

[0156] In the eleventh additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, at least one delimiter is an on-demand, periodic delimiter.

[0157] In the twelfth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with the first to eleventh aspects, multiple data portions are associated with corresponding CRCs.

[0158] In the thirteenth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the plurality of delimiters are a plurality of first delimiters, and process 1200 includes: sending backward link communication that includes a plurality of second delimiters and includes a plurality of data portions associated with an environmental IoT device, wherein at least one of the plurality of second delimiters is located at the boundary between two of the plurality of data portions.

[0159] although Figure 12 An example box for process 1200 is shown, but in some respects, it differs from... Figure 12 Compared to the boxes depicted, process 1200 may include additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Additionally or alternatively, two or more boxes in process 1200 may be executed in parallel.

[0160] Figure 13This is a diagram of an example device 1300 for wireless communication supporting environmental IoT with multiple delimiters. Device 1300 may be an environmental IoT device, or an environmental IoT device may include device 1300. In some aspects, device 1300 includes a receiving component 1302, a transmitting component 1304, and a communication manager 138 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses). As shown, device 1300 can use the receiving component 1302 and the transmitting component 1304 to communicate with another device 1306 (such as a UE, a network node, or another wireless communication device).

[0161] In some respects, device 1300 may be configured and / or capable of operating to perform the functions described herein. Figures 6 to 11 One or more operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, device 1300 may be configured and / or capable of operating to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 12 The process 1200. In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 may include the above-described combination. Figure 2 The described environment refers to one or more components of an IoT device.

[0162] Receiver 1302 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, and / or data communications, from device 1306. Receiver 1302 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1300, such as communication manager 138. In some aspects, receiver 1302 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components. In some aspects, receiver 1302 may include the combinations described above. Figure 2 The described environment includes one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receiver processors, one or more controllers / processors, and / or one or more memories of an IoT device.

[0163] Transmitting component 1304 can transmit communications (such as reference signals, control information, and / or data communications) to device 1306. In some aspects, communication manager 138 can generate communications and can send the generated communications to transmitting component 1304 for transmission to device 1306. In some aspects, transmitting component 1304 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and can send the processed signals to device 1306. In some aspects, transmitting component 1304 may include the above-described combinations. Figure 2The described environment includes one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, and / or one or more memories in an IoT device. In some aspects, the transmit component 1304 may co-located with the receive component 1302 in one or more transceivers.

[0164] The communication manager 138 may receive or enable the receiving component 1302 to receive forward link communication, which includes a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or with a first chip duration, the first chip duration being greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forward link communication. The communication manager 138 may decode the forward link communication based on the plurality of delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or the first chip duration. In some aspects, the communication manager 138 may perform one or more operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by one or more components of the communication manager 138.

[0165] Communication manager 138 may include the above-mentioned components. Figure 2 The described environment includes one or more controllers / processors and / or one or more memories of an IoT device. In some aspects, the communication manager 138 includes a set of components, such as a decoding component 1308. Alternatively, the set of components may be separate from and different from the communication manager 138. In some aspects, one or more components in the set of components may include those described above. Figure 2 The described environment includes one or more controllers / processors and / or one or more memories of an IoT device, or may be implemented therein. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of this set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion thereof) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the function or operation of that component.

[0166] The receiving component 1302 can receive forward link communication including a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or with a first chip duration, the first chip duration being greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forward link communication. The decoding component 1308 can decode the forward link communication based on the plurality of delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or the first chip duration.

[0167] Figure 13 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, with... Figure 13 Compared to the components shown, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 13 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 13 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 13 The collection of (one or more) components shown is executable and described as being composed of Figure 13 Another set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0168] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure: Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication performed by an environmental IoT device, the method comprising: receiving forward link communication, the forward link communication including a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or associated with a first chip duration, the first chip duration being greater than a second chip duration of a payload associated with the forward link communication; and decoding the forward link communication according to the plurality of delimiters in response to the one or more line decoding violations or the first chip duration.

[0169] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, the time domain gap between at least two of the plurality of delimiters is pre-configured or dynamically configured.

[0170] Aspect 3: According to the method of aspect 2, the time domain gap is one or more of the following: the size of the forward link communication, the size of the control portion of the forward link communication, the size of the data portion of the forward link communication, or the size of a segment of the forward link communication.

[0171] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of delimiters have the same waveform.

[0172] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of delimiters have different waveforms.

[0173] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 5, wherein at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the boundary between the control portion and the data portion of the forward link communication.

[0174] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 6, wherein at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the end of the forward link communication.

[0175] Aspect 8: According to the method of aspect 7, wherein the at least one delimiter is located at the boundary between the forward link communication and the backward link communication.

[0176] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, wherein the forward link communication includes a plurality of data portions associated with an IoT device in a corresponding environment, and wherein at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the boundary of one of the plurality of data portions.

[0177] Aspect 10: According to the method of aspect 9, wherein the plurality of data portions are associated with a corresponding CRC.

[0178] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 10, wherein the forward link communication includes a plurality of data portions associated with the environment IoT device, and wherein at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the boundary of one of the plurality of data portions.

[0179] Aspect 12: According to the method of aspect 11, the at least one delimiter is an on-demand, periodic delimiter.

[0180] Aspect 13: According to the method of aspect 11, wherein the plurality of data portions are associated with a corresponding CRC.

[0181] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 13, wherein the plurality of delimiters are a plurality of first delimiters, the method further comprising: transmitting a backward link communication including a plurality of second delimiters and including a plurality of data portions associated with the environment IoT device, wherein at least one of the plurality of second delimiters is located at the boundary of two data portions of the plurality of data portions.

[0182] Aspect 15: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more processors; one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 14.

[0183] Aspect 16: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 14.

[0184] Aspect 17: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 14.

[0185] Aspect 18: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the methods described in one or more of aspects 1 to 14.

[0186] Aspect 19: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 14.

[0187] Aspect 20: A device for wireless communication, the device including a processing system comprising one or more processors and one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors, the processing system being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 14.

[0188] Aspect 21: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 14.

[0189] While the foregoing disclosure provides examples and descriptions, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations can be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or from various aspects of practice.

[0190] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware or a combination of hardware and at least one of software or firmware. "Software" should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable programs, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or other terms. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems or methods described herein may be implemented in various forms of hardware or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems or methods is not limited in any way. Therefore, the operation and behavior of these systems or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, as those skilled in the art will understand that the software and hardware can be designed to implement these systems or methods, at least in part, based on the description herein. Unless otherwise stated, a component configured to perform a function means that the component has the capability to perform that function, but it is not necessary for the component to actually perform that function.

[0191] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0192] As used herein, the term "determine" or "determine" encompasses a wide variety of actions, and therefore, "determine" can include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, lookup (such as by searching in a table, database, or other data structure), identification, reasoning, discovery, and similar actions. Additionally, "determine" can include receiving (such as receiving information or receiving instructions), accessing (such as accessing data stored in memory), sending (such as sending information), etc. Furthermore, "determine" can include parsing, selecting, obtaining, choosing, creating, and other similar actions. The term "identify" also encompasses a wide variety of actions, and therefore, "identify" can include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, lookup (such as by searching in a table, database, or other data structure), reasoning, discovery, and similar actions. Additionally, "identify" can include receiving (such as receiving information or receiving instructions), accessing (such as accessing data stored in memory), sending (such as sending information), etc. Furthermore, "identify" can include parsing, selecting, obtaining, choosing, creating, and other similar actions.

[0193] As used in this article, the phrase “at least one of” in a list of items refers to any combination of these items, including a single member. As an example, “at least one of the following: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination with multiple of the same element (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0194] No element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as essential or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and are interchangeable with “one or more.” Additionally, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items mentioned in connection with the article “the” and is interchangeable with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “group” and “cluster” are intended to include one or more entries and are interchangeable with “one or more.” If only one item is desired, the phrase “only one” or similar terminology will be used. Additionally, as used herein, the terms “having” and similar terms are intended as open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., “having” A may also have B). Furthermore, as used herein, “based on” is intended to be interpreted in an inclusive sense unless explicitly indicated otherwise. For example, unless explicitly indicated otherwise, “based on” is interchangeable with “at least partially based on,” “associated with,” or “according to.” Specifically, unless the phrase in the context refers to "based on 'one' only" or an equivalent, whether it is "based on 'one'" or "at least partially based on 'one'", it can be based solely on "one" or on a combination of "one" and one or more other factors, conditions, or information. Additionally, as used herein, the term "or" is intended to be inclusive when used consecutively and is interchangeable with "and / or" unless otherwise explicitly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with "either of the two" or "only one of them"). It should be understood that "one or more" is equivalent to "at least one".

[0195] Although specific combinations of features are set forth in the claims or disclosed in the description, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically stated in the claims or disclosed in the description. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with each other claim in the claim set.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at an environmental Internet of Things (IoT) device, the apparatus comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-executable code; and One or more processors, said one or more processors coupled to said one or more memories, at least one of said one or more processors being configured to enable the environment IoT device: Receive forward link communication, the forward link communication including a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or associated with a first chip duration, the first chip duration being greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forward link communication; as well as In response to one or more line decoding violations or the duration of the first chip, the forward link communication is decoded based on the plurality of delimiters.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the time-domain gap between at least two of the plurality of delimiters is pre-configured or dynamically configured.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the time-domain gap is one or more of the following: the size of the forward link communication, the size of the control portion of the forward link communication, the size of the data portion of the forward link communication, or the size of a segment of the forward link communication.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of delimiters have the same waveform.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of delimiters have different waveforms.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the boundary between the control portion and the data portion of the forward link communication.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the end of the forward link communication.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one delimiter is located at the boundary between the forward link communication and the backward link communication.

9. A method for wireless communication performed at an environmental Internet of Things (IoT) device, the method comprising: Receive forward link communication, the forward link communication including a plurality of delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or associated with a first chip duration, the first chip duration being greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forward link communication; as well as In response to one or more line decoding violations or the duration of the first chip, the forward link communication is decoded based on the plurality of delimiters.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the forward link communication includes a plurality of data portions associated with an IoT device in a corresponding environment, and wherein at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the boundary of one of the plurality of data portions.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the plurality of data portions are associated with a corresponding Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC).

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the forward link communication includes a plurality of data portions associated with the environmental IoT device, and wherein at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the boundary of one of the plurality of data portions.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the at least one delimiter is an on-demand, periodic delimiter.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the plurality of delimiters are a plurality of first delimiters, the method further comprising: Sending backward link communication including a plurality of second delimiters and including a plurality of data portions associated with the IoT device of the environment, wherein at least one of the plurality of second delimiters is located at the boundary of two of the plurality of data portions.

15. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: Components for receiving forward link communication, the forward link communication including multiple delimiters associated with one or more line decoding violations or associated with a first chip duration, the first chip duration being greater than a second chip duration of the payload associated with the forward link communication; and A component for decoding the forward link communication based on the plurality of delimiters in response to one or more line decoding violations or the duration of the first chip.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the time-domain gap between at least two of the plurality of delimiters is pre-configured or dynamically configured.

17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the boundary between the control portion of the forward link communication and the data portion of the forward link communication.

18. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the forward link communication includes a plurality of data portions associated with an Internet of Things (IoT) device in a corresponding environment, and wherein at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the boundary of one of the plurality of data portions.

19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the forward link communication includes a plurality of data portions associated with the apparatus, and wherein at least one of the plurality of delimiters is located at the boundary of one of the plurality of data portions.

20. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the plurality of delimiters are a plurality of first delimiters, the apparatus further comprising: Components for transmitting backward link communication including a plurality of second delimiters and a plurality of data portions associated with the device, wherein at least one of the plurality of second delimiters is located at the boundary between two of the plurality of data portions.

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