Corn straw layered returning device

Abstract

This invention discloses a corn stalk layered return-to-field device, relating to the field of stalk return-to-field technology. It includes an outer shell, a drive mechanism, a crushing mechanism, and a rotary tillage mechanism. Both the crushing and rotary tillage mechanisms are installed inside the outer shell, with the crushing mechanism positioned in front of the rotary tillage mechanism along the direction of travel. The output end of the drive mechanism is equipped with two main shafts connected to the crushing and rotary tillage mechanisms, respectively. When the drive mechanism is started, the main shafts drive the crushing and rotary tillage mechanisms to rotate synchronously. The invention's composting agent storage mechanism and liquid storage mechanism are respectively connected to the rotary tillage and crushing mechanisms, increasing the moisture content of the stalks during crushing and burying. Simultaneously, the composting agent accelerates the composting speed. Because crushing and burying, composting agent addition, and water spraying are carried out simultaneously, the ratio of stalks, water, and composting agent remains unchanged, thus preventing uneven composting due to fluctuating moisture and composting agent levels in the buried stalks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of straw return technology, and in particular to a corn straw layered return device. Background Technology

[0002] Corn, as one of my country's major grain crops, is widely planted and produces a large amount of straw. Returning straw to the field is a core technology for the resource utilization of straw, improving soil fertility, and enhancing arable land quality. It is also an important measure for the green and sustainable development of agriculture. Returning straw to the field restores the organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients contained in crop straw to the soil, effectively improving soil structure, aeration, water and fertilizer retention capacity, reducing fertilizer application, and avoiding air pollution and fire hazards caused by straw burning. It has both ecological and economic benefits and is now being widely promoted and applied in major corn-producing areas.

[0003] Most corn stalk returning equipment uses a single crushing and returning structure. In actual field operations, whole sections of stalks or large pieces of stalks are prone to floating on the ground or being left above the seedbed. This results in the stalks not being able to adhere to the ground during subsequent sowing, leading to problems such as uneven sowing depth, seeds being suspended in the air, uneven emergence, or missing seedlings and gaps in the rows. This significantly affects the quality of corn replanting and the yield in the later stages.

[0004] The straw crushing, water replenishment, application of composting agent, rotary tillage and burial processes of straw returning equipment are independent of each other. The composting agent is mostly applied by manual spreading or by independent fixed-point spreading by equipment, which easily leads to local accumulation and uneven distribution. This results in a large difference in the straw composting speed in the field. Some straw is over-composted and some is not fully composted, which fails to effectively play the role of straw returning to the field in improving the soil. When there are differences in soil moisture and straw retention density in the field, the moisture content of buried straw and the amount of composting agent applied are prone to fluctuating, resulting in uneven straw composting and an uncontrollable composting cycle.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a corn stalk layering and returning device to the field to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a corn stalk layered returning device that evenly adheres the composting agent to the surface of the crushed stalk material, avoiding the problems of local accumulation and uneven distribution that occur when the composting agent is directly scattered.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a corn stalk layered returning device, comprising an outer shell, a drive mechanism, a crushing mechanism, and a rotary tillage mechanism: Both the crushing mechanism and the rotary tillage mechanism are installed inside the outer casing, with the crushing mechanism located in front of the rotary tillage mechanism along the direction of travel. The output end of the drive mechanism is equipped with two main shafts that are respectively connected to the crushing mechanism and the rotary tillage mechanism. When the drive mechanism is started, the main shafts drive the crushing mechanism and the rotary tillage mechanism to rotate synchronously. The top of the outer shell is equipped with an interconnected liquid storage mechanism and a composting agent storage mechanism, which are respectively connected to the crushing mechanism and the rotary tillage mechanism. When the rotary tillage mechanism rotates, it drives the composting agent storage mechanism to introduce the composting agent into the liquid discharge port of the composting agent storage mechanism. When the crushing mechanism rotates, it drives the liquid storage mechanism to mix the liquid with the composting agent and discharge it.

[0008] Optionally, the composting agent storage mechanism includes a storage hopper, a sealed shell, a rotary discharge rack, and a main shaft. The sealing housing is installed at the bottom of the storage hopper, and the bottom and top of the sealing housing are respectively provided with a discharge port and a feed port that are connected to the liquid storage mechanism and the storage hopper; The rotary discharge rack is installed inside the sealed housing and rotates to transport the composting agent inside the storage hopper to the liquid storage mechanism. The main shaft is connected to the rotary tillage mechanism and passes through the sealed housing, where it is coaxially fixed with the rotating discharge frame.

[0009] Optionally, the rotary feeder includes a central column, a partition plate, and a sealing gasket; The central column is coaxially mounted on the outside of the main spindle and located inside the sealed housing; The partition is provided with multiple partitions evenly distributed around the central column. A material discharge space is formed between each two adjacent partitions. The opening of the material discharge space is adapted to the discharge port and the inlet port. Multiple sealing gaskets are provided and are bonded to the outer end of the partition and in contact with the inner wall of the sealing housing.

[0010] Optionally, the liquid storage mechanism includes a liquid storage tank, a drain rack, and a stirring device; The drain rack is installed at the bottom of the storage tank and connected to the composting agent storage mechanism. A one-way valve is installed at the connection between the drain rack and the storage tank. The stirring device is rotatably installed inside the drain rack and is connected to the pulverizing mechanism via a transmission. A screw pump, coaxially connected to the stirring device, is installed at the drain end of the drain rack.

[0011] Optionally, the stirring device includes stirring blades and a main shaft. The stirring blades are rotatably installed inside the drain rack and fixed coaxially with the second main shaft. The tail end of the second main shaft is fixedly connected to the screw pump, and the head end of the second main shaft is drivenly connected to the crushing mechanism.

[0012] Optionally, guide rails for guiding the rotary tillage mechanism are provided on both sides of the outer casing; The outer shell has a second partition installed inside, which is located between the rotary tillage mechanism and the crushing mechanism to restrict the direction of straw transport.

[0013] Optionally, both ends of the rotary tillage mechanism are equipped with sliders that slide up and down along the guide rails; A hydraulic rod connected to the outer shell is installed on the slider, and the tillage depth of the rotary tillage mechanism is adjusted by extending and retracting the hydraulic rod.

[0014] Optionally, the spindle three is provided in two sections, and an electromagnetic clutch is installed between the two sections of the spindle three; A control switch is installed on the inner top wall of the guide slide. When the slider rises to the top, pressing the control switch will close the electromagnetic clutch.

[0015] Optionally, pulley 1 is installed at both ends of the rotary tillage mechanism, and pulley 2 is installed on the outer side of one of the main shafts 3 and at the end of the main shaft 1. The pulley 2 and pulley 1 are connected by belt 1 for transmission. A tensioning pulley that contacts the belt is slidably mounted on the outer casing.

[0016] Optionally, pulley three is installed at both ends of the crushing mechanism, and pulley four is installed on the outer side of the other main shaft three and the end of the main shaft two. The pulley three and pulley four are connected by belt two.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: The present invention features a composting agent storage mechanism and a liquid storage mechanism that are respectively driven by a rotary tillage mechanism and a crushing mechanism. This increases the moisture content of the straw during the crushing and burying process, while the composting agent accelerates the composting speed of the straw. Since crushing and burying, composting agent addition, and water spraying are carried out simultaneously, the ratio of straw, water, and composting agent can be guaranteed to remain unchanged. This prevents uneven composting caused by fluctuating moisture and composting agent levels in the buried straw. Furthermore, the composting agent is added to the water first, allowing it to adhere evenly to the surface of the crushed straw fragments. This avoids the problems of local accumulation and uneven distribution that occur when the composting agent is directly scattered, thus overcoming the pain points of traditional straw returning equipment, which suffers from fragmented processes and disconnected connections between various stages.

[0018] This invention employs a layered structure with a pre-crushing mechanism and a post-rotary tillage mechanism. The corn stalks are first crushed and shredded by multiple sets of moving blades at high speed in the pre-crushing mechanism, and then the post-rotary tillage mechanism deeply plows the shredded stalks into soil layers of different depths. This results in a good layered effect of returning the stalks to the field and can completely avoid the problem of whole sections or large pieces of stalks floating on the ground and leaving the seedbed empty, thus affecting subsequent sowing.

[0019] This invention uses a hydraulic rod to control the raising and lowering of the rotary tillage mechanism to adjust the tillage depth, adapting to different soil textures such as sandy loam and clay loam, as well as different needs such as shallow stubble burial and deep plowing with full straw return to the field. Simultaneously, a specially designed electromagnetic clutch and linkage control switch are used for the rotary tillage power transmission path. The moment the rotary tillage mechanism is lifted off the ground, a sensor triggers a control signal in real time, automatically cutting off the power input to the rotary tillage mechanism, avoiding the ineffective load caused by the rotary tiller blades idling. Since the rotary tillage mechanism stops rotating, the composting agent storage mechanism stops discharging composting agent, allowing the straw to only increase its moisture content, enabling the straw to cover the ground for a longer period and reducing soil moisture loss. This invention is suitable for areas with water-scarce soil. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the left end of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the right end of the structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the composting agent storage mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating feeder structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid storage mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the tensioning wheel structure of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 100, outer casing; 110, guide rail; 111, control switch; 120, partition two; 200. Drive mechanism; 300. Crushing mechanism; 310. Belt pulley three; 320. Belt pulley four; 330. Belt two; 400. Rotary tillage mechanism; 410. Slider; 420. Hydraulic rod; 430. Belt pulley one; 440. Belt pulley two; 450. Belt one; 460. Tensioner pulley; 500. Main spindle three; 510. Electromagnetic clutch; 600. Liquid storage mechanism; 610. Liquid storage tank; 620. Drainage rack; 630. Stirring device; 631. Stirring blades; 632. Main shaft II; 640. Check valve; 650. Screw pump; 651. Flow guide pipe; 652. Nozzle; 700. Decomposing agent storage mechanism; 710. Storage hopper; 720. Sealed shell; 730. Rotary discharge rack; 731. Central column; 732. Partition plate 1; 733. Sealing gasket; 734. Material discharge space; 740. Main shaft 1; 750. Discharge port; 760. Inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] This invention provides, for example Figure 1-9 The corn stalk layering and returning device shown includes an outer shell 100, a drive mechanism 200, a crushing mechanism 300, and a rotary tillage mechanism 400. Both the crushing mechanism 300 and the rotary tillage mechanism 400 are installed inside the outer shell 100. Along the direction of travel, the crushing mechanism 300 is located in front of the rotary tillage mechanism 400. During operation, the front crushing mechanism 300 can crush the straw that is upright or laid on the ground first, and then the rear rotary tillage mechanism 400 can fully mix the crushed straw with the surface soil. The output end of the drive mechanism 200 is equipped with two main shafts 3500 that are respectively connected to the crushing mechanism 300 and the rotary tillage mechanism 400. After the drive mechanism 200 is started, the power can be synchronously transmitted to the crushing mechanism 300 and the rotary tillage mechanism 400 through the main shafts 3500, so that the crushing mechanism 300 and the rotary tillage mechanism 400 can rotate normally, ensuring the crushing of straw and subsequent rotary tillage and burial. The top of the outer casing 100 is equipped with an interconnected liquid storage mechanism 600 and a composting agent storage mechanism 700. The liquid storage mechanism 600 and the composting agent storage mechanism 700 are respectively arranged on the rear and front sides of the top of the outer casing 100. Their arrangement is adapted to the power transmission path of the whole machine. The liquid storage mechanism 600 and the composting agent storage mechanism 700 are respectively connected to the crushing mechanism 300 and the rotary tillage mechanism 400. There is no need to add an independent pumping and feeding power source. The corresponding functions can be completed directly by relying on the power of the original components of the device. While the rotary tillage mechanism 400 rotates to till the soil, it simultaneously drives the composting agent storage mechanism 700 to quantitatively introduce the stored powdered or granular composting agent into the cavity of the liquid storage mechanism 600, achieving a constant-speed delivery of the composting agent and avoiding problems such as over-feeding or material shortage. During the simultaneous operation of the crushing mechanism 300 rotating to chop the straw, it simultaneously drives the liquid storage mechanism 600 to operate continuously, thoroughly mixing the pre-stored bacterial liquid or water-based liquid in the liquid storage mechanism 600 with the newly added composting agent. Then, the well-mixed composting agent mixture is directly discharged outward and sprayed onto the surface of the freshly crushed straw below.

[0024] In this invention, the crushing mechanism 300 can adopt several existing structures to achieve crushing; for example, it can use a rotating roller and set multiple crushing blades on the outside of the rotating roller. During the tractor's movement, the drive mechanism 200 drives the rotating roller and the crushing blades to rotate, so that the crushing blades crush the straw.

[0025] Similarly, the crushing mechanism 300 can also use a horizontally rotating cutter. During the tractor's movement, the drive mechanism 200 drives the cutter to rotate horizontally through the gear transmission structure, and crushes the straw during the rotation.

[0026] In this invention, the rotary tillage mechanism 400 can use several existing structures to achieve crushing; for example, it can use a rotating roller and set multiple shovel blades on the outside of the rotating roller. During the tractor's movement, the drive mechanism 200 drives the rotating roller and shovel blades to rotate, so that the shovel blades crush the soil and bury the straw inside the soil.

[0027] The system employs a layered structure with a pre-crushing mechanism 300 and a rear rotary tillage mechanism 400. This allows the corn stalks to be first crushed and shredded by the high-speed impact and shearing of multiple moving blades in the pre-crushing mechanism 300, and then the rear rotary tillage mechanism 400 to deeply plow the shredded stalks into soil layers of different depths. This results in a good layered effect of returning the stalks to the field and can completely avoid the problem of whole sections or large pieces of stalks floating on the ground and leaving the seedbed unsupported, thus affecting subsequent sowing.

[0028] The composting agent storage mechanism 700 and the liquid storage mechanism 600 are respectively driven by the rotary tillage mechanism 400 and the crushing mechanism 300, which increases the moisture content of the straw during the crushing and burying process. At the same time, the composting agent accelerates the composting speed of the straw. Since the crushing and burying, composting agent addition and water spraying are carried out simultaneously, the ratio of straw, water and composting agent can be guaranteed to remain unchanged. This prevents the amount of moisture and composting agent in the buried straw from fluctuating and causing uneven composting. In addition, the composting agent is added to the water first, which allows the composting agent to adhere evenly to the surface of the crushed straw fragments. This avoids the problems of local accumulation and uneven distribution that occur when the composting agent is directly scattered. This avoids the pain points of traditional straw returning equipment, such as scattered processes and disconnected links between various links.

[0029] The working method of this invention: First, the soil moisture content and soil quality are checked, and then the straw is returned to the field in layers after the check data is obtained.

[0030] In use, the outer shell 100 is mounted on the tractor via a hydraulic structure and bracket. Then, the appropriate amount of composting agent is added to the inside of the composting agent storage mechanism 700, and the appropriate amount of water is added to the inside of the liquid storage mechanism 600. The drive mechanism 200 is then connected to the tractor drive, so that the output power of the drive mechanism 200 is proportional to the tractor's travel speed (the drive mechanism 200 can be connected to the tractor's power take-off shaft (PTO) via the input shaft, and its rotation speed and the tractor's travel speed are linked and controlled by the gearbox or hydraulic proportional valve to ensure the matching of the straw treatment amount and the pesticide spraying amount per unit area).

[0031] After adjustment, start the tractor so that the tractor drives the drive mechanism 200 to run and move in the field. During the movement, the drive mechanism 200 drives the crushing mechanism 300 and the rotary tillage mechanism 400 through the main shaft 300. The crushing mechanism 300 crushes the straw, and the rotary tillage mechanism 400 buries the crushed straw in the soil.

[0032] During the rotation of the rotary tillage mechanism 400, the composting agent storage mechanism 700 is driven to operate, causing the composting agent storage mechanism 700 to transport the stored composting agent to the drainage area of ​​the liquid storage mechanism 600 and mix it with the water in the liquid storage mechanism 600. During the rotation of the crushing mechanism 300, the crushing mechanism 300 drives the drainage structure of the liquid storage mechanism 600 to operate, spraying out the composting agent and water mixture inside the liquid storage mechanism 600. The sprayed composting agent and water mixture will fall on the surface of the crushed straw and be buried by the rotary tillage mechanism 400 and the straw at the same time, accelerating the composting of the straw.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 5 As shown, the composting agent storage mechanism 700 includes a storage hopper 710, a sealed housing 720, a rotary discharge rack 730, and a main shaft 740; The sealing housing 720 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the storage hopper 710. The joint gap is completely sealed by a sealing gasket to prevent the curing agent from leaking from the joint. The bottom and top of the sealing housing 720 are provided with a discharge port 750 and a feed port 760 respectively, which are connected to the liquid storage mechanism 600 and the storage hopper 710, so that the curing agent stored in the storage hopper 710 can fall smoothly into the interior of the sealing housing 720. The bottom of the sealing housing 720 is provided with a discharge port 750 that is staggered from the feed port 760. The discharge port 750 is directly connected to the internal cavity of the liquid storage mechanism 600, so that the delivered curing agent can be introduced into the interior of the liquid storage mechanism 600. The rotating discharge rack 730 is rotatably installed inside the sealed housing 720. During its uniform rotation around its own axis, it will receive the composting agent falling from the storage hopper 710 through the inlet 760 at the top of the sealed housing 720, and then rotate to the discharge port 750 at the bottom of the sealed housing 720 to quantitatively transport the composting agent carried in the cavity to the liquid storage mechanism 600. The main shaft 740 is connected to the rotary tillage mechanism 400 and passes through the sealed housing 720 and is coaxially fixed with the rotary discharge frame 730. It can obtain power synchronously when the rotary tillage mechanism 400 is running, so that the rotary tillage mechanism 400 drives the rotary discharge frame 730 to rotate synchronously.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 7 As shown, the rotary feeder 730 includes a central column 731, a partition 732, and a sealing gasket 733; The central column 731 is coaxially fixedly installed on the outside of the main shaft 740 and located inside the sealing housing 720, and rotates synchronously with the main shaft 740; The partition 732 is provided with multiple partitions evenly distributed around the central column 731. A material drop space 734 is formed between each two adjacent partitions 732. The axial opening profile of each material drop space 734 is adapted to the size of the inlet 760 at the top and the outlet 750 at the bottom of the sealing shell 720. It can be precisely aligned with the two openings in sequence during rotation to complete the quantitative collection and release of the composting agent. Multiple sealing gaskets 733 are provided and bonded to the outer end of the partition 732. The outer edge of the sealing gasket 733 always maintains elastic and tight contact with the inner wall of the sealing housing 720, thereby filling the assembly gap between the outer end of the partition 732 and the inner wall of the housing, preventing the corrosion agent from leaking out of the gap, and also preventing water from seeping in from the connection, and preventing the corrosion agent from sticking to the partition 732.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the liquid storage mechanism 600 includes a liquid storage tank 610, a liquid drain rack 620, and a stirring device 630; The drain rack 620 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the storage tank 610 and connected to the composting agent storage mechanism 700. It can receive the powdered or granular composting agent quantitatively conveyed by the composting agent storage mechanism 700. A one-way valve 640 is provided at the connection between the drain rack 620 and the storage tank 610. The one-way valve 640 only allows the water inside the storage tank 610 to flow downward into the drain rack 620, which can prevent the mixed composting agent liquid from flowing back into the storage tank 610 and ensure that the clean water source in the storage tank 610 is not contaminated. The stirring device 630 is rotatably installed inside the drain rack 620 and is connected to the pulverizing mechanism 300 for transmission. It can continuously complete the stirring action with the synchronous power of the pulverizing mechanism 300 when it is running. The drain end of the drain rack 620 is equipped with a screw pump 650 coaxially connected to the stirring device 630. Without the need for an additional independent drive source, the fully mixed composting agent mixture in the drain rack 620 can be pumped out quantitatively and directly delivered to the straw crushing area below.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 6 As shown, the screw pump 650 is equipped with a guide pipe 651 at the outlet end, and multiple nozzles 652 with downward nozzles are installed on the outside of the guide pipe 651, which can evenly spray the composting agent mixture delivered by the screw pump 650 downwards onto the surface of the corn stalk fragments that have just been crushed below.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 8 As shown, the stirring device 630 includes stirring blades 631 and a main shaft 632; The stirring blade 631 is rotatably installed inside the drain rack 620 and is fixed coaxially with the second main shaft 632. The stirring blade 631 can complete the circumferential rotation action synchronously with the second main shaft 632. The tail end of the second main shaft 632, which is away from the crushing mechanism 300, is fixedly connected to the screw pump 650, and the head end of the second main shaft 632 is connected to the crushing mechanism 300 for transmission, so that the second main shaft 632 receives the rotational power of the crushing mechanism 300 and drives the screw pump 650 to run synchronously.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 6 As shown, guide slides 110 are provided on both sides of the outer shell 100 to guide the rotary tillage mechanism 400, which can ensure that the rotary tillage mechanism 400 always maintains a horizontal posture during the process of adjusting the rotary tillage depth up and down, and will not have problems of left and right deviation or jamming. The outer casing 100 is equipped with a partition 2 120, which is located between the rotary tillage mechanism 400 and the crushing mechanism 300. It can prevent the finely crushed straw processed by the crushing mechanism 300 from directly passing through the rotary tillage soil layer operation area of ​​the rotary tillage mechanism 400. It forces the straw to be transported only along the preset path, preventing the crushed straw from not entering the rotary tillage mechanism 400 and being unable to be directly mixed into the soil layer. It also prevents the soil turned up by rotary tillage from flowing back into the crushing chamber and interfering with the crushing operation, thereby regulating the direction of straw transport.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 2 As shown, both ends of the rotary tillage mechanism 400 are rotatably mounted with sliders 410 that slide up and down along the guide slide 110. A hydraulic rod 420 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 100 by bolts on the slider 410. When the two hydraulic rods 420 are synchronously controlled to extend and retract, they can drive the sliders 410 on both sides to rise and fall synchronously along the guide slide 110, thereby driving the entire rotary tillage mechanism 400 to adjust its height and realize the adjustment of the depth of the rotary tillage mechanism 400 into the soil.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the main shaft 3 500 is provided with two sections, and an electromagnetic clutch 510 that can realize power switching is installed between the two sections of the main shaft 3 500. Under normal conditions, the electromagnetic clutch 510 is in the engaged state, and the two sections of the main shaft 3 500 can transmit torque synchronously, ensuring that the power of the drive mechanism 200 can be simultaneously delivered to the crushing mechanism 300 and the rotary tillage mechanism 400. A control switch 111 is installed on the inner top wall of the guide slide 110. When the slider 410 rises to the top limit position of the guide slide 110 under the drive of the hydraulic rod 420, the upper end surface of the slider 410 will directly press and trigger the control switch 111. After being triggered, the control switch 111 can send a power-off signal to the electromagnetic clutch 510 to control the electromagnetic clutch 510 to disengage and cut off the power transmission path between the two main shafts 500.

[0041] The hydraulic rod 420 controls the raising and lowering of the rotary tillage mechanism 400 to adjust the tillage depth, adapting to different soil textures such as sandy loam and clay loam, as well as different needs such as shallow stubble burial and deep plowing with full straw return. A matching electromagnetic clutch 510 and linkage control switch 111 are specially designed for the rotary tillage power transmission path. The sensor triggers a control signal in real time the moment the rotary tillage mechanism 400 is lifted off the ground, automatically cutting off the power input to the rotary tillage mechanism 400, avoiding the ineffective load caused by the rotary tiller blades idling. Since the rotary tillage mechanism 400 stops rotating, the composting agent storage mechanism 700 stops discharging composting agent, allowing the straw to only increase its moisture content, enabling the straw to cover the ground for a long time and reducing soil moisture loss, making it suitable for areas with water-scarce soil.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 2-4 and Figure 9 As shown, both ends of the rotary tillage mechanism 400 are equipped with pulley 430, and pulley 440 is installed on the outer side of one of the main shafts 500 and the end of the main shaft 740. The pulley 440 and pulley 430 are connected by belt 450 to transmit power from the main shaft 500 to the rotary tillage mechanism 400 and the main shaft 740, thus ensuring the synchronicity of rotary tillage operation and decomposition agent discharge. A tensioning wheel 460 is slidably mounted on the outer casing 100, which contacts the belt 450. The wheel surface of the tensioning wheel 460 is always in rolling contact with the outer surface of the belt 450. It can synchronously adapt the tension when the rotary tillage mechanism 400 is adjusted up and down along the guide slide 110, so as to avoid the belt 450 from becoming loose or slipping, and to ensure the stability of power transmission.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 9 As shown, a bracket is installed on the outer side of the tensioning wheel 460. A sleeve with its axis parallel to the sliding direction of the bracket is fixedly installed on the corresponding outer side of the outer casing 100. A rod that can slide freely along the axial direction of the sleeve is vertically fixed on the bracket. The rod body is slidably inserted into the inside of the sleeve. A compression spring that is always in a compressed state is installed between the insertion end face of the rod and the closed inner wall of the sleeve. The elastic force of the compression spring can continuously push the rod to slide outward of the sleeve, thereby causing the tensioning wheel 460 to always maintain the tendency to abut against the belt 450. This allows the tensioning wheel 460 to continuously apply tension force to the belt 450, preventing the belt 450 from loosening or slipping during transmission. At the same time, when the height of the rotary tillage mechanism 400 is adjusted, the belt 450 and the tensioning wheel 460 will synchronously drive the rod to slide inward of the sleeve or the compression spring will push the rod to slide outward of the sleeve.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 2-4 As shown, pulleys 310 are installed at both ends of the crushing mechanism 300, and pulleys 320 are installed on the outer side of the other main shaft 500 and the end of the main shaft 632. The pulleys 310 and 320 are connected by belt 330 to transmit power from the main shaft 500 to the main shaft 632 synchronously, ensuring the synchronicity of the crushing operation and the discharge of the water and composting agent mixture.

[0045] The working method of this invention: First, check the soil moisture content and soil quality (when the soil moisture content is found to be below 15%, the spray volume can be increased by increasing the proportion of clean water in the 600-meter liquid storage device or reducing the walking speed; when the soil is sandy loam, the rotary tillage depth can be appropriately increased and the amount of composting agent added can be reduced), and then return the straw to the field in layers after obtaining the inspection data.

[0046] In use, the outer casing 100 is mounted on the tractor via a hydraulic structure and bracket. Then, an appropriate amount of composting agent is added to the inside of the storage hopper 710, and an appropriate amount of water is added to the inside of the liquid storage tank 610. The drive mechanism 200 is then connected to the tractor drive, so that the output power of the drive mechanism 200 is proportional to the tractor's travel speed. Then, the hydraulic rod 420 is activated according to the depth of rotary tillage (the extension and retraction stroke of the hydraulic rod 420 corresponds to the lifting height of the rotary tillage mechanism 400 along the guide slide 110. This stroke can be steplessly adjusted by the multi-way valve of the tractor's hydraulic system and is indicated and limited by the scale markings or position sensors on the outer casing 100). The hydraulic rod 420 drives the rotary tillage mechanism 400 to slide up and down along the guide slide 110. During the sliding, the position of belt 450 changes, which in turn drives the tensioning pulley 460 to slide synchronously (so that the angle between pulley 430 and pulley 440 and belt 450 is always greater than 120°).

[0047] After adjustment, start the tractor so that the tractor drives the drive mechanism 200 to run and move in the field. During the movement, the drive mechanism 200 drives the crushing mechanism 300 and the rotary tillage mechanism 400 through the main shaft 300. The crushing mechanism 300 crushes the straw, and the rotary tillage mechanism 400 buries the crushed straw in the soil.

[0048] During the rotation of the rotary tillage mechanism 400, the main shaft 740 is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the central column 731 and the partition 732 to rotate. This causes multiple material drop spaces 734 to pass through the discharge port 750 and the inlet port 760 in sequence. When the material drop space 734 passes through the inlet port 760, the composting agent inside the storage hopper 710 falls into the material drop space 734. After passing through the discharge port 750, it falls into the liquid drain rack 620.

[0049] When the crushing mechanism 300 rotates, it drives the second main shaft 632 to rotate, so that the second main shaft 632 mixes the water entering from the storage tank 610 and the composting agent falling from the discharge port 750. At the same time, it drives the screw pump 650 to run, and discharges the mixture of composting agent and water into the interior of the guide pipe 651. Then, it is sprayed onto the surface of the crushing structure through the nozzle 652 and buried along with the straw.

[0050] When straw burial is not required, the hydraulic rod 420 is activated, causing the rotary tillage mechanism 400 to rise to a height higher than the crushing mechanism 300 and detach from the ground. At the same time, the slider 410 presses the control switch 111 to close the electromagnetic clutch 510, and the main shaft 3 500 stops transmitting power to the rotary tillage mechanism 400, causing the composting agent storage mechanism 700 to stop adding composting agent. The nozzle 652 will then only spray water to increase the moisture content of the straw. Alternatively, it can rise to a height that does not trigger the control switch 111, so that the mixture of composting agent and water can be discharged normally without burying the straw.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn stalk layered return device, characterized in that, Includes the outer casing, drive mechanism, crushing mechanism, and rotary tillage mechanism: Both the crushing mechanism and the rotary tillage mechanism are installed inside the outer casing, with the crushing mechanism located in front of the rotary tillage mechanism along the direction of travel. The output end of the drive mechanism is equipped with two main shafts that are respectively connected to the crushing mechanism and the rotary tillage mechanism. When the drive mechanism is started, the main shafts drive the crushing mechanism and the rotary tillage mechanism to rotate synchronously. The top of the outer shell is equipped with an interconnected liquid storage mechanism and a composting agent storage mechanism, which are respectively connected to the crushing mechanism and the rotary tillage mechanism. When the rotary tillage mechanism rotates, it drives the composting agent storage mechanism to introduce the composting agent into the liquid discharge port of the composting agent storage mechanism. When the crushing mechanism rotates, it drives the liquid storage mechanism to mix the liquid with the composting agent and discharge it.

2. The corn stalk layered return device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composting agent storage mechanism includes a storage hopper, a sealed shell, a rotating discharge rack, and a main shaft. The sealing housing is installed at the bottom of the storage hopper, and the bottom and top of the sealing housing are respectively provided with a discharge port and a feed port that are connected to the liquid storage mechanism and the storage hopper; The rotary discharge rack is installed inside the sealed housing and rotates to transport the composting agent inside the storage hopper to the liquid storage mechanism. The main shaft is connected to the rotary tillage mechanism and passes through the sealed housing, where it is coaxially fixed with the rotating discharge frame.

3. The corn stalk layered return device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating feeder includes a central column, a partition plate, and a sealing gasket; The central column is coaxially mounted on the outside of the main spindle and located inside the sealed housing; The partition is provided with multiple partitions evenly distributed around the central column. A material discharge space is formed between each two adjacent partitions. The opening of the material discharge space is adapted to the discharge port and the inlet port. Multiple sealing gaskets are provided and are bonded to the outer end of the partition and in contact with the inner wall of the sealing housing.

4. The corn stalk layered return device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage mechanism includes a liquid storage tank, a drain rack, and a stirring device; The drain rack is installed at the bottom of the storage tank and connected to the composting agent storage mechanism. A one-way valve is installed at the connection between the drain rack and the storage tank. The stirring device is rotatably installed inside the drain rack and is connected to the pulverizing mechanism via a transmission. A screw pump, coaxially connected to the stirring device, is installed at the drain end of the drain rack.

5. A corn stalk layered return-to-field device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixing device includes mixing blades and a main shaft. The stirring blades are rotatably installed inside the drain rack and fixed coaxially with the second main shaft. The tail end of the second main shaft is fixedly connected to the screw pump, and the head end of the second main shaft is drivenly connected to the crushing mechanism.

6. The corn stalk layered return device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide tracks for guiding the rotary tillage mechanism are provided on both sides of the outer casing; The outer shell has a second partition installed inside, which is located between the rotary tillage mechanism and the crushing mechanism to restrict the direction of straw transport.

7. A corn stalk layered return-to-field device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the rotary tillage mechanism are equipped with sliders that slide up and down along guide tracks; A hydraulic rod connected to the outer shell is installed on the slider, and the tillage depth of the rotary tillage mechanism is adjusted by extending and retracting the hydraulic rod.

8. A corn stalk layered return-to-field device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main spindle is configured with two sections, and an electromagnetic clutch is installed between the two sections of the main spindle. A control switch is installed on the inner top wall of the guide slide. When the slider rises to the top, pressing the control switch will close the electromagnetic clutch.

9. A corn stalk layered return-to-field device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the rotary tillage mechanism are equipped with pulley 1, and pulley 2 is installed on the outer side of one of the main shafts 3 and at the end of the main shaft 1. The pulley 2 and pulley 1 are connected by belt 1 for transmission. A tensioning pulley that contacts the belt is slidably mounted on the outer casing.

10. A corn stalk layered return-to-field device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the crushing mechanism are equipped with pulley three, and pulley four is installed on the outer side of the other main shaft three and the end of the main shaft two. The pulley three and pulley four are connected by belt two.

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